2025届高考二轮复习英语语法填空拔高特训之中国古代帝王篇（秦始皇+刘邦+刘彻+朱元璋+朱棣+康熙）（含答案））

新高考英语一轮复习语法填空拔高特训之中国古代帝王篇
（秦始皇+刘邦+刘彻+朱元璋+朱棣+康熙）
A(秦始皇）
Ying Zheng, the first emperor of Qin (259 BC-210 BC), whose surname was Ying, given name Zheng, was an outstanding 1. （politics), strategist and reformer in ancient China. He was the first political figure 2. (complete) the unification of China and the first emperor in China, 3. (lay) the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2000 years.
Ying Zheng was born in the state of Zhao and later returned 4. the state of Qin. He inherited the throne in 247 BC and began to monopolize the government in 238 BC. From 230 BC to 221 BC, Ying Zheng successively destroyed the six states of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi, completed the great cause of unifying China, 5. established a centralized and unified multi- ethnic country- Qin Dynasty.
In 221 BC, after unifying the six 6. (state), Ying Zheng claimed 7. (he) to be“ the first emperor”. Qin Shihuang implemented three councilors and nine ministers in the
(centre) government to manage national affairs. At the local level, the system of enfeoffment was abolished and replaced by the system of prefectures and counties in which local administrative agencies were divided into prefectures and counties. The currency system was unified in that the state coined mintage uniformly and private mitage would be 9. (severe) punished, holding the manufacturing power of currency in the hands of the state. At the same time, two currencies, namely gold coin and copper coin, were uniformly adopted. The characters were unified and simplified by creating a new character with uniform and neat shape and simple strokes, called“ Xiaozhuan”. The weights and measures were unified by taking those of former Qin as the standard and eliminating systems that did not conform to them. The Great Wall was built by connecting the original walls in the north of the states of Qin, Zhao and Yan to protect the lives and property of people in the northern border. The Lingqu canal 10. (build) to connect the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. But in his later years, Qin Shihuang dreamed of immortality, oppressed the people, stifled the wisdom of the people, and shook the foundation of the rule of Qin Dynasty. In 210 BC, Qin Shihuang died on his eastern inspection tour.
B(刘邦)
Liu Bang(256 BC-195 BC), whose courtesy name was Ji, was a well- known politician and strategist in Chinese history and the founding emperor of Han Dynasty and had made outstanding 1. (contribute) to the development of the Han nationality and the unification of China.
The time of Liu Bang's birth was not 2. (clear) recorded in Sima Qian's Records of the Historian or Ban Gu's The Book of Han. Liu Bang was born in a farmer's family. He was benevolent and generous and cared about others. He was free and open- minded and defied trivial conventions. In 3. (he) early years, he didn't like to work in the field like his family, so he was often scolded by his father.
After the establishment of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang took 4. the post of the Chief of Sishui in Pei County. 5. (late), he escaped to Mangdang Mountain because of the release of prisoners. After the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang gathered 3000 disciples, captured Pei County and claimed himself as Peigong. In the third year of the reign of the second emperor of Qin dynasty, he led 6. army to Bashang, accepted the surrender of Emperor Ziying, and abolished the harsh laws of Qin Dynasty. After Hongmen banquet, Liu Bang was granted the title of King of Han, ruling Bashu and Hanzhong. After 7.
(become) the King of Han, Liu Bang was able to give full play to his subordinates' talents, actively integrate the forces against Xiang Yu, and thus finally won the battle between Chu and Han in 202 BC and became the founding emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. After proclaiming himself emperor, Liu Bang promoted exemption from corvee, emphasized agriculture while restraining commerce, restored 8. (society) economy, stabilized the ruling order, pacified people's lives, opened border customs, made peace with the Huns by marriage, 9. (active) eased the relationship between Xiongnu and the western Han Dynasty, 10. laid foundation for the graceful and generous culture of Han Dynasty.
C(刘彻)
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, named Liu Che, 1. lived from 156 BC to 87 BC, was the son of Emperor Jing. He ascended the throne in 140 BC with the title“Jianyuan”.
The Han Dynasty, prosperous and strong, had reached its zenith after the efforts of several generations of rulers who adopted an economic recovery policy characterized by little government intervention and light taxation. 2. , land annexation, mercantile expansion, and border harassment also threatened the rule of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu was an 3. (ambition）ruler with great talent and vision. He decided to fortify his position and strengthen the centralization of authority 4. carrying out a series of reform measures. In military campaigns, he repulsed the Xiong- nu's advances. In economy, he adopted many economic reform 5. (policiy). First, he changed the currency system, establishing the Wuzhu coin as the national legal currency. Second, the manufacture and sale of salt and iron were monopolized by the central government. All these measures boosted the 6. (finance) power of the central government and curbed the power of merchants. In addition, Emperor Wu focused on building water conservancy projects such as those for harnessing the Yellow River. In terms of culture, he encouraged“paying supreme tribute to Confucianism and neglecting all other schools of thoughts,” to solidify the mainstream status of Confucianism. He also set up an education system 7.
(teach) Confucian classics. Everyone, including kings, had to abide by the will of the emperor.
When Emperor Wu succeeded his father, the country's economy was recovering and growing while central power was intensified and consolidated. This provided considerable economic and political support for Emperor Wu to carry out his ambitious plans. From Qin Shihuang to Emperor Wu of Han, previous rulers had made continuous explorations into the unification of ideology. In the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-206 BC), legalism served as the state ideology. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), Laozi's theory which was more moderate and humane 8.
(put) into practice. By the time Emperor Wu reigned, the Huang- Lao philosophy could not meet the ambitious demands of Emperor Wu who wanted to consolidate his position and strengthen his power. Thus, Emperor Wu began to search for a new school of thought. The Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu reformed Confucianism and created 9. new type of Confucianism. He proposed that the ruler“pay supremetribute to Confucianism while banning all other schools of thoughts". Emperor Wu agreed to this and advocated Confucianism as the guiding ideology of the Han Dynasty. To secure the execution of this policy, the Emperor decreed that officials would be trained and selected 10. (base) on Confucian doctrine. He ordered a search for talented Confucian scholars, and set up imperial and local colleges that would enable scholars to study Confucian classics. Thereafter, Confucianism became the orthodox ideology of the feudal society and remained so for over two thousand years until the end of the Qing Dynasty.
D(朱元璋)
Zhu Yuanzhang (1328-1398), Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, was the founder of Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a poor family. He had been herding cattle to the landlord since childhood and suffered a lot of humiliation. 1. he was young, his parents and brothers died of 2. (ill) and starvation in the famines and plagues. Zhu Yuanzhang had to become a little monk in Huangjue Temple, and later became a roaming buddhist begging all over the country due to famines. In the peasants' uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang joined the Red Scarf Army of Guo Zixing, and was 3. (high) valued because of his dexterity and boldness. After Guo Zixing died of illness, Zhu Yuanzhang led his troops to the south, and with Nanjing as the center, he 4. (gradual) pacificd the kings of separatist regimes, overthrew the rule of Yuan Dynasty, unified China, 5. established Ming Dynasty in Chinese history.
Deeply aware of the political corruption at the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang enforced reform. During his reign, Zhu Yuanzhang, in politics, strengthened the centralization system, abolished the administrative system of Zhongshusheng in Yuan Dynasty, cancelled the prime minister, set up three divisions 6. (take) charge of local power, and severely punished corrupt officials and illegal nobility. In terms of military affairs, he implemented the garrison system and set up imperial guards. In economy, he was vigorously engaged in the resettlement of farmland and military garrison, the construction of water conservancy, the reduction and exemption of taxes, the measurement of 7. (nation) land, and the inventory of household registration. In culture, he paid close attention to education, vigorously promoted the imperial examination, and established the Imperial College to cultivate talents. In terms of foreign relations, he determined a list of countries that he would surely not go on a punitive expedition. Under his rule, the social production of Ming Dynasty gradually recovered and developed, 8. (know)
as Prosperity of Hongwu.
Zhu Yuanzhang devoted 9. (he) to political affairs all his life, did everything personally and never be afraid to increase his workload. In 1398, the 31st year of Hongwu Period, Zhu Yuanzhang died of illness at the age of 71 and 10. (bury) in Ming Tomb. From his accession to the throne to his death, Zhu Yuanzhang hardly had a day off. In his testamentary edict, he said, “In these thirty-one years,I have been concerned about the safety of the country and dare not to have a little slackness each day.”
E(朱棣)
Zhu Di, the Prince of Yan, was the fourth son of emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. He was tall and strong and conversant in military strategy as well as possessing rich 1. (practice) experience in commanding troops in battle. Moreover, he was cordial to his subordinates. Thus Zhu Di had high reputation in the army. Zhu Yuanzhang, 2. took pride in such an excellent son, often sent him 3. (lead) troops to make war, and handed him military power in the border areas.
In 1402, Zhu Di usurped the throne and changed the reign title to Yongle, and became Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty. Chengzu strengthened his defenses on the northern borders and decided to build his capital in Dadu of the Yuan. It took thirteen years and 800,000 workers to complete the 4. (construct). In 1421, he moved the capital of Ming from Nanjing to Beijing. Meanwhile, he continued the policy of reducing the power of feudal princes.
Between 1405 and 1433, Chengzu of Ming Dynasty sponsored seven naval expeditions to the “Western Seas” led by Zheng He. The expeditions 5. (design) to establish a Chinese presence and look for foreign treasure for the emperor. During Zheng He's seven voyages, his fleet visited more than thirty countries in Asia and Africa and reached the Red Sea and the East Coast of Africa. The diplomatic aspect of Zheng He's expeditions was unprecedented in Chinese history. The size of his fleet, the 6. (long) of his voyages, and the distance 7. (cover) by his journeys were all firsts in maritime history, coming halfa century earlier than the ocean navigation by various Europeans.
Another achievement of Ming Chengzu is the compilation of The Yongle Encyclopedia which was directed by Xie Jin during the Yongle Era. It incorporated eight thousand texts from ancient times up to the early Ming Dynasty, covering an array of subjects, including agriculture, art, astronomy, drama, geology, history, literature, medicine, natural sciences, religion, and technology, as well as descriptions of supernatural events, It consisted 8. seven to eight thousand books in more than eleven thousand volumes. Because of the vastness of the work, it could not be block-printed, and it is thought that only two copies were made. The 9. (origin) and first of the two copies was destroyed during the fall of the Ming Dynasty. The second copy was gradually dissipated and lost from 10. late-eighteenth century onward, until many of the remaining volumes were burned in the fire when the Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing. Only around three hundred volumes have survived to the present, of which about two hundred are in China.
F(康熙)
Aisin-Gioro Xuanye (1654-1722), Shengzu of the Qing Dynasty, the fourth son of Emperor Shunzhi, was enthroned at the age of eight with the title Kangxi. In the first few years, Oboi and some other senior 1. (official) were in charge of state affairs and they supported Manchu aristocrats and slaveholders in their enclosure of land. Large-scale land enclosure was conducted three times within 500 kilometers around Beijing and 146,766 hectares of fertile land were enclosed in such a way. Han people were forcibly organized into zhuang yuan for production and turned into slaves, thus 2. (lead) many farmers to escape.
At this time, Wu Sangui and two other vassals became 3. (increasing) strong and formed separatist forces. After Emperor Kangxi took over the reins of government, he had Oboi arrested and dismissed him from office in 1669. He then tried 4. (weak) the forces of the three vassals. He put down the rebellions of three vassals in the 5. (twenty) year of his reign and the uprisings in Taiwan two years later, stationing troops in all places. In the twenty-fourth year, Emperor Kangxi sent troops to drive away the Yakesa tsarist Russian invaders stationed along the Heilongjiang River, and managed to contain the ambitions of Russia to invade China. In the twenty-eighth year, Emperor Kangxi sent Suo' etu to conclude the Treaty of Nerchinsk with Russia, defining the eastern boundary between China and Russia. At that time, the chieftain of the tribe of Zunghars who maintained secret relations with tsarist Russia staged a rebellion and attacked Kerk Mongolia, inner Mongolia, and Xizang. Emperor Kangxi sent troops three times to suppress the rebels. When he was old, he sent troops again to put down rebellions
6. (raise) by a few Tibetan aristocrats in collusion with the Zunghars tribe, thus strengthening national unification.
During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, great importance 7. (attach) to agricultural production, wasteland reclamation was encouraged and awarded, land enclosure was stopped, the Yellow River was harnessed, water disasters were mitigated, 8. smooth transportation on the Grand Canal was ensured.
During his reign, land survey was conducted across the country and the Map of the Imperial Territory was drawn up. An office for compiling the history of Ming Dynasty was established, and The Complete Collection of the Tang Dynasty Poetry and the Kangxi Dictionary were compiled. In the fifty-first year of his reign, Emperor Kangxi issued a decree, stipulating that 8.
number of people in the previous year was the standard and no more taxation would be levied if the number of people increased in the future. Thus, the nation's economy rapidly grew to new heights 10. the nation's history.
附：参考答案：
A:1.politician;2.to complete;3.laying;4.to;5.and;6.states;7.himself;8.central;9.severely;
10.was built.
B:1.contributions;2.clearly;3.his;4.up;5.Later;6.an;7.becoming;8.social;9.actively;10.and.
C:1.who;2.However;3.ambitious;4.by;5.policies;6.financial;7.teaching;8.was put;9.a;10.based.
D:1.When;2.illness;3.highly;4.gradually;5.and;6.to take;7.national;8.known;9.himself;
10.was buried.
E:1.practical;2.who;3.to lead;4.construction;5.were designed;6.length;7.covered;8.of;9.original;
10.the.
F:1.officials;2.leading;3.increasingly;4.to weaken;5.twentieth;6.raised;7.was attached;8.and;
9.the;10.in.