2015-2016学年高中英语 3.2《A healthy life Learning about Language & Using Language》练习（含部分答案解析）
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| 名称 | 2015-2016学年高中英语 3.2《A healthy life Learning about Language & Using Language》练习（含部分答案解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-04-20 11:29:00 | ||
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3.2《A healthy life Learning about Language & Using Language》
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Because of the economic crisis, some small companies are having to fight for ________(survive)．
2．Frank showed good ________(judge) in deciding not to invest in the project.
3．Alfred felt very ________(embarrass) at being the centre of attention.
4．The film star made a ________(state) to the press that she would quit her acting career.
5．________ is illegal to sell tobacco to children under 16.
6．Dick has a prejudice ________ fat people.
7．Though he is only 15 years old, he has not ________ the habit of smoking.
8．It was only when you feel bitter ________ you will realize the mistakes you have made.
9．The Great Wall is ________ a well－known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
10．________ spite of facing the life－threatening risk, Zhang Lili stepped forward to rescue two students.
答案：1.survival 2.judgement 3.embarrassed 4.statement 5.It 6.against 7.into 8.that 9.such
10．In
Ⅱ.根据句意完成句子
1．They had a wonderful holiday, ________________________.(spite)
尽管天气不好，他们的假期还是过得极为愉快。
2．The war broke out, and many innocent people were ________________________ losing their lives.(risk)
战争爆发了，许多无辜的民众处于失去生命的危险之中。
3．When ________________________， be sure to keep calm.(get)
当陷入麻烦时，一定要保持镇定。
4．________________________ to carry guns in our country.(illegal)
在我们国家，携带枪支是违法的。
5．She ________________________ modern music.(prejudice)
她对现代音乐怀有偏见。
6．I ________________________ how untidy the house was. (embarrass)
这房子太不整洁了，我对此感到很难为情。
7．________________________ Garfield eat that he could not move for the next hour.(so)
加菲猫吃得太多了，一个小时后都动弹不得。
8．I ________________________ be very busy tomorrow.(likely)
明天我可能很忙。
9．________________________， she must come from an Arabian country. (judge)
听她的口音，她一定是来自阿拉伯国家。
10．________________________ that we got off the bus.(it)
直到公交车停下来我们才下车。
答案：1.in spite of the bad weather 2.at the risk of
3．getting into trouble 4.It is illegal 5.shows a prejudice to 6.felt embarrassed about 7.So much did 8.am likely to 9.Judging from her accent 10.It was not until it stopped
Ⅲ.语法填空
Most Americans don't like to get advice __1__ members of their family. They get advice from “__2__(strange)”. When they need advice, they don't usually go to people they know. __3__ many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines __4__ give advice on many different subjects, __5__(include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how __6__(buy) a house or a car.
Most newspapers regularly print letters from __7__(read) with problems. Along with the letters __8__ are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, __9__ are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special __10__(train) for this kind of work.
答案：1.from 2.strangers 3.Instead 4.that/which 5.including 6.to buy 7.readers 8.there 9.others 10.training
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The poorer mental function seen among alcoholics，many of whom also regularly smoke cigarettes, may be partly due to the long－term effects of nicotine(尼古丁), new research suggests.
“People who are also smokers are at a much higher risk.” Dr. Jennifer M. Glass，of the University of Michigan's Addiction Research Center said. “Cigarette smoking has bad effect on IQ and thinking.” she said.
This finding may seem counterintuitive(违反直觉的), since many smokers show that they feel quicker and focused after smoking. Indeed, research shows that improved mental functioning is one of the immediate effects of nicotine exposure. Chronic(慢性的)__smoking,_however,_is_known_to_have_the_opposite_effect.
Studies show that up to 87 percent of alcoholics smoke cigarettes. Yet, few studies have looked into cigarette smoking as a factor that might explain the cognitive(认识的) lack reported among alcoholics. To search for that association, Glass and her colleagues examined brain function among 172 men from the same area, including 103 men who abused alcohol. The team found that men with higher scores on the lifetime alcohol problems scale (LAPS) and those who reported a higher number of pack－years of smoking both had lower IQ scores. Upon further research, the researchers found that smoking also appeared to be independently associated with weaker word and space reasoning.
Thus, though smoking did not account for all of the decreased mental functioning observed among the alcohol abusers, it did seem to account for some of the effects, the report indicates.
1．What is the passage mainly about
A．Cigarette smoking contributes to decreased IQ and thinking.
B．Alcohol abuse is to blame for the poorer mental function.
C．Most of the alcoholics are also heavy smokers.
D．Non－smokers mostly have higher IQ scores.
2．The underlined sentence “Chronic smoking, however, is known to have the opposite effect.” in Paragraph 3 implies ________.
A．Chronic smoking can improve mental functioning
B．Chronic smoking has an immediate influence on mental functioning
C．Chronic smoking has side effects on mental functioning improvement
D．Chronic smokers feel quicker and focused after smoking
3．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．cigarette smoking is not related to reasoning
B．nicotine exposure can improve mental functioning temporarily
C．the long－term effects of nicotine cause alcoholics
D．men with lower scores on the LAPS have lower IQ scores
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．many alcoholics suffer a great deal from smoking
B．giving up smoking is significantly challenging for the alcoholics
C．alcoholics who do not smoke much have higher IQ scores
D．other factors can cause the poorer mental functioning besides smoking
5．The purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to warn us of the bad effects of smoking on IQ and thinking
B．to tell us why people are addicted to smoking
C．to give us some advice on how to improve IQ and reasoning
D．to compare the bad effects of alcohol and cigarettes
答案与解析：
1．解析：主旨大意题。由第一、二段及综合全文信息可知，抽烟使智商和思维能力下降。
答案：A
2．解析：句意理解题。由第三段可知选C。
答案：C
3．解析：细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知选B。
答案：B
4．解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知选D。
答案：D
5．解析：文章意图题。本文主要讲了抽烟使智商和思维能力下降，作者写这篇文章主要是警告我们吸烟带来的危害。
答案：A
Ⅴ.七选五阅读
NOISE
The people who lived in Rome 2,000 years ago were already talking about the noise in their city. They couldn't sleep, they said, with all the people and carriages in the streets. For them noise was only a trouble，but for us it has become a real danger. We know that sounds of an ordinary city are loud enough to cause serious harm to the people's hearing — in the United States, one person out of twenty has suffered some hearing loss. __1__ It has increased greatly in the 20th century with the development of machines. We live surrounded by loud planes, trucks, buses, radios, machines — that make such loud noises day and night up to 90 or 100 decibels(分贝). A usual talk reaches 55 decibels. A jet plane goes to 100 decibels and more. “Pop” music reaches around 118 decibels. At 120 decibels the ear stops hearing sound, and the ear suffers a lot.
However，the human ear does not judge clearly the degree of loudness of a noise. A sound ten decibels louder than another one is felt as twice as loud, when, in fact, it is ten times louder. __2__ But it is not only our hearing that is harmed. It has been known that loud noises, over a period of time, cause loss of sleep, anger, and many other problems. __3__ Can anything be done to make our world more quiet We know how to build quieter machines, if the public wants them. But shop assistants say that people who buy motorbikes like the loudest ones because they sound more loudly. __4__ In America the drivers in some cities are fined(罚款) fifty dollars for honking(打喇叭); they may lose their right to drive if they do it again. People who carry noisy radios in public places may lose them if they are caught with them.
__5__ Even so, say the scientists, in twenty years the cities will be twice as loud as they are today because of the increase of the population. People will have to shout to be heard at the dinner table. Unless, of course, they have all become completely deaf!
A．Some countries are trying to make laws.
B．People will become completely deaf in the future.
C．When a sound is getting louder and louder, our ears are in danger.
D. In fact, it will take everybody's hard work to keep city noises from increasing.
E．Since we cannot measure the increase or decrease of noise, we never know in what danger we are.
F．And all over the world the situation is getting worse all the time since noise increases with the population.
G．Such problems have been found among factory workers, and people who operate loud machines, or often go to pop music concerts.
答案：
1－5 FEGAD
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Because of the economic crisis, some small companies are having to fight for ________(survive)．
2．Frank showed good ________(judge) in deciding not to invest in the project.
3．Alfred felt very ________(embarrass) at being the centre of attention.
4．The film star made a ________(state) to the press that she would quit her acting career.
5．________ is illegal to sell tobacco to children under 16.
6．Dick has a prejudice ________ fat people.
7．Though he is only 15 years old, he has not ________ the habit of smoking.
8．It was only when you feel bitter ________ you will realize the mistakes you have made.
9．The Great Wall is ________ a well－known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
10．________ spite of facing the life－threatening risk, Zhang Lili stepped forward to rescue two students.
答案：1.survival 2.judgement 3.embarrassed 4.statement 5.It 6.against 7.into 8.that 9.such
10．In
Ⅱ.根据句意完成句子
1．They had a wonderful holiday, ________________________.(spite)
尽管天气不好，他们的假期还是过得极为愉快。
2．The war broke out, and many innocent people were ________________________ losing their lives.(risk)
战争爆发了，许多无辜的民众处于失去生命的危险之中。
3．When ________________________， be sure to keep calm.(get)
当陷入麻烦时，一定要保持镇定。
4．________________________ to carry guns in our country.(illegal)
在我们国家，携带枪支是违法的。
5．She ________________________ modern music.(prejudice)
她对现代音乐怀有偏见。
6．I ________________________ how untidy the house was. (embarrass)
这房子太不整洁了，我对此感到很难为情。
7．________________________ Garfield eat that he could not move for the next hour.(so)
加菲猫吃得太多了，一个小时后都动弹不得。
8．I ________________________ be very busy tomorrow.(likely)
明天我可能很忙。
9．________________________， she must come from an Arabian country. (judge)
听她的口音，她一定是来自阿拉伯国家。
10．________________________ that we got off the bus.(it)
直到公交车停下来我们才下车。
答案：1.in spite of the bad weather 2.at the risk of
3．getting into trouble 4.It is illegal 5.shows a prejudice to 6.felt embarrassed about 7.So much did 8.am likely to 9.Judging from her accent 10.It was not until it stopped
Ⅲ.语法填空
Most Americans don't like to get advice __1__ members of their family. They get advice from “__2__(strange)”. When they need advice, they don't usually go to people they know. __3__ many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines __4__ give advice on many different subjects, __5__(include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how __6__(buy) a house or a car.
Most newspapers regularly print letters from __7__(read) with problems. Along with the letters __8__ are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, __9__ are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special __10__(train) for this kind of work.
答案：1.from 2.strangers 3.Instead 4.that/which 5.including 6.to buy 7.readers 8.there 9.others 10.training
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The poorer mental function seen among alcoholics，many of whom also regularly smoke cigarettes, may be partly due to the long－term effects of nicotine(尼古丁), new research suggests.
“People who are also smokers are at a much higher risk.” Dr. Jennifer M. Glass，of the University of Michigan's Addiction Research Center said. “Cigarette smoking has bad effect on IQ and thinking.” she said.
This finding may seem counterintuitive(违反直觉的), since many smokers show that they feel quicker and focused after smoking. Indeed, research shows that improved mental functioning is one of the immediate effects of nicotine exposure. Chronic(慢性的)__smoking,_however,_is_known_to_have_the_opposite_effect.
Studies show that up to 87 percent of alcoholics smoke cigarettes. Yet, few studies have looked into cigarette smoking as a factor that might explain the cognitive(认识的) lack reported among alcoholics. To search for that association, Glass and her colleagues examined brain function among 172 men from the same area, including 103 men who abused alcohol. The team found that men with higher scores on the lifetime alcohol problems scale (LAPS) and those who reported a higher number of pack－years of smoking both had lower IQ scores. Upon further research, the researchers found that smoking also appeared to be independently associated with weaker word and space reasoning.
Thus, though smoking did not account for all of the decreased mental functioning observed among the alcohol abusers, it did seem to account for some of the effects, the report indicates.
1．What is the passage mainly about
A．Cigarette smoking contributes to decreased IQ and thinking.
B．Alcohol abuse is to blame for the poorer mental function.
C．Most of the alcoholics are also heavy smokers.
D．Non－smokers mostly have higher IQ scores.
2．The underlined sentence “Chronic smoking, however, is known to have the opposite effect.” in Paragraph 3 implies ________.
A．Chronic smoking can improve mental functioning
B．Chronic smoking has an immediate influence on mental functioning
C．Chronic smoking has side effects on mental functioning improvement
D．Chronic smokers feel quicker and focused after smoking
3．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．cigarette smoking is not related to reasoning
B．nicotine exposure can improve mental functioning temporarily
C．the long－term effects of nicotine cause alcoholics
D．men with lower scores on the LAPS have lower IQ scores
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．many alcoholics suffer a great deal from smoking
B．giving up smoking is significantly challenging for the alcoholics
C．alcoholics who do not smoke much have higher IQ scores
D．other factors can cause the poorer mental functioning besides smoking
5．The purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to warn us of the bad effects of smoking on IQ and thinking
B．to tell us why people are addicted to smoking
C．to give us some advice on how to improve IQ and reasoning
D．to compare the bad effects of alcohol and cigarettes
答案与解析：
1．解析：主旨大意题。由第一、二段及综合全文信息可知，抽烟使智商和思维能力下降。
答案：A
2．解析：句意理解题。由第三段可知选C。
答案：C
3．解析：细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知选B。
答案：B
4．解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知选D。
答案：D
5．解析：文章意图题。本文主要讲了抽烟使智商和思维能力下降，作者写这篇文章主要是警告我们吸烟带来的危害。
答案：A
Ⅴ.七选五阅读
NOISE
The people who lived in Rome 2,000 years ago were already talking about the noise in their city. They couldn't sleep, they said, with all the people and carriages in the streets. For them noise was only a trouble，but for us it has become a real danger. We know that sounds of an ordinary city are loud enough to cause serious harm to the people's hearing — in the United States, one person out of twenty has suffered some hearing loss. __1__ It has increased greatly in the 20th century with the development of machines. We live surrounded by loud planes, trucks, buses, radios, machines — that make such loud noises day and night up to 90 or 100 decibels(分贝). A usual talk reaches 55 decibels. A jet plane goes to 100 decibels and more. “Pop” music reaches around 118 decibels. At 120 decibels the ear stops hearing sound, and the ear suffers a lot.
However，the human ear does not judge clearly the degree of loudness of a noise. A sound ten decibels louder than another one is felt as twice as loud, when, in fact, it is ten times louder. __2__ But it is not only our hearing that is harmed. It has been known that loud noises, over a period of time, cause loss of sleep, anger, and many other problems. __3__ Can anything be done to make our world more quiet We know how to build quieter machines, if the public wants them. But shop assistants say that people who buy motorbikes like the loudest ones because they sound more loudly. __4__ In America the drivers in some cities are fined(罚款) fifty dollars for honking(打喇叭); they may lose their right to drive if they do it again. People who carry noisy radios in public places may lose them if they are caught with them.
__5__ Even so, say the scientists, in twenty years the cities will be twice as loud as they are today because of the increase of the population. People will have to shout to be heard at the dinner table. Unless, of course, they have all become completely deaf!
A．Some countries are trying to make laws.
B．People will become completely deaf in the future.
C．When a sound is getting louder and louder, our ears are in danger.
D. In fact, it will take everybody's hard work to keep city noises from increasing.
E．Since we cannot measure the increase or decrease of noise, we never know in what danger we are.
F．And all over the world the situation is getting worse all the time since noise increases with the population.
G．Such problems have been found among factory workers, and people who operate loud machines, or often go to pop music concerts.
答案：
1－5 FEGAD