浙江省绍兴市柯桥区联盟学校2024年中考模拟预测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
He was so proud of his little girl. It was her first day of school. He walked with her to school that day, And she held his hand all the way. They walked together quiet and sad, A little girl and her loving dad. Into the school her father led, But he almost cried when she said, "Daddy, Daddy, please don't go. Don't leave me all alone. I'll miss you if you go away, And I might need you, can't you____ " "Little Daughter, please don't cry. You'll be okay, so dry your eyes. You have our memories in your heart. We're together though we're apart." He sat up front on her wedding (结婚) day. And cried as his daughter walked away. Later that night he watched her dance, He sat there waiting for his chance. The band started to play their song, Father and daughter danced along. She looked at him and saw a tear, Then leaned and whispered in his ear, "Daddy, Daddy, I have to go. I hate to leave you all alone. I'll miss you when I go away, But if you need me then I'll stay." "Little Daughter, I'll be fine. I'll love you always, you are mine. I have our memories in my heart. We're together though we're apart."
1．What text is it
A．A play. B．A poem. C．A story. D．A notice.
2．Which of the following can be best put into____
A．stay B．understand C．wait D．smile
3．It can be learned from the text that the daughter____.
A．went to school with her parents every day
B．sang with her father when she got married
C．was brought up with her father's deep love
D．lived with her parents together in the end
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Mr. Hamel picked up a grammar book and read us our lesson. I was surprised at how well I understood it－everything he said seemed so easy! Mr. Hamel had never explained things so patiently. It was as if the poor man wanted to give us all his knowledge in one go.
After grammar, we moved on to writing. For this last day, Mr. Hamel had prepared new examples written in a beautiful style: France, Alsace. Everyone worked hard in dead silence. The only sound was the scratching of pens on paper.
Pigeons (鸽子) cooed softly on the roof. I wondered if they would be forced to sing in
German, too. Mr. Hamel looked at the things around him as if he wanted to remember everything in the small classroom. He had been in this same place for forty years. The desks and chairs were worn with use. The walnut trees in the garden had grown up. The flowers he had planted were now climbing up to the roof.
It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs. They were leaving the country tomorrow.
Mr. Hamel bravely kept on teaching the lesson to the end. After writing, we had history. And at the end of the day, the little children read "BA, BE, BI, BO, BU" together. The old man put on his glasses and read with them. He held his textbook tightly in both hands. His voice was shaking.
Suddenly, the church bell rang. Mr. Hamel got up from his chair. His face was pale, but he had never looked so tall before.
"My friends, I…" But something stopped him. He could only turn around and pick up a piece of chalk. As large as he could, he wrote "…"
"Today's lesson is over. You can go now," he said.
4．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Plants should be taken good care of.
B．Mr. Hamel had a special feeling for the school.
C．Mr. Hamel was tired of teaching.
D．Everything remained the same as the time went by.
5．What Mr. Hamel finally wrote may be about his____.
A．worry about his own health
B．leaving time with his sister
C．love for his country and his students
D．lessons the next day
6．Which word can best describe Mr. Hamel
A．Responsible. B．Creative. C．Strict. D．Humorous.
7．Which could be the best title for the passage
A．The last lesson B．A poor school
C．A talented teacher D．The true friendship
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water alone. It's called Seatrac.
Seatrac was designed to solve this problem. It is a chair on a moving ramp (斜坡) that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. In the sea, the person can either remain in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. The chair is operated by remote ( 远 程 ) control. When the person wants to get out of the water, the Seatrac system brings the chair back to the top of the ramp. It's even possible to take a shower in the Seatrac chair after going for a swim.
The idea came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou, was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn't like to be carried into the sea as if he were a "sack of potatoes".
Mr. Fotiou worked with his partner and a professor at a university to design the system. In no time, they formed a company called TOBEA to build and sell the systems.
TOBEA tried to make the system easy to manage. It is solar powered, and can keep running even if the electricity goes out. It can be packed up and stored when swimming season ends.
TOBEA also offers other special equipment to help disabled people enjoy Greece's beaches: changing rooms, bathrooms, and shady resting areas. It has even created a website showing where beaches with these special services can be found.
This summer, Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, and Latvia. The service in Greece is being offered for free. The government and the EU have helped pay for it, they hope Seatrac will help attract more tourists to the country.
8．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Why Seatrac was designed. B．How Seatrac works.
C．Where Seatrac was made. D．What Seatrac is like.
9．Which of the following is TRUEaccording to the passage
A．Mr. Fotiou set up TOBEA by himself.
B．People in Italy can use Seatrac for free.
C．TOBEA helps disabled people enjoy beach services.
D．Seatrac will stop working when the electricity runs out.
10．What's the writer's purpose of writing this passage
A．To explain the difficulties of designing Seatrac.
B．To attract more tourists to visit Greece's beaches.
C．To show the advantages of swimming with Seatrac.
D．To introduce a way for wheelchair users to enjoy the sea.
11．Which part of a newspaper is the passage taken from
A．Science. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Culture.
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we're seeing more posts with the tag lines "I will listen" and "listen to me." A puzzled person may have trouble deciding on where to go on a vacation, which restaurant offers the best seafood or whether Huawei's Mate 60 is a better buy than the iPhone 15. Write a post titled "I will listen" and it's likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion.
Now, the problem is, should you follow the advice of a complete stranger Is his or her advice true or is it just a personal opinion Opinions, after all, are not facts－they are just personal judgments. Still, it's important to take different voices into consideration.
Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments ( 评 论 ) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won't consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product.
Apart from online business posts, other "listen-to-me" posts cause a more complex problem. In these posts, people are often giving advice on traps ( 陷 阱 ) and problems that could trouble other people. Personal problems such as relationships, job choices and even mental health are among the most common topics. Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don't necessarily fit in with the special situation of others.
For these big "topics", it's better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts. Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again.
The Internet is like a great "shop" for getting and exchanging information. But, as with any shop, let the buyer be more careful.
12．What mainly influences our deciding on products online according to the passage
A．The sales of products. B．The opinions from customers.
C．The names of companies. D．The posters of shops.
13．How does the writer show his ideas about online shopping in Paragraph 3
A．By explaining the results. B．By telling stories.
C．By raising questions. D．By comparing differences.
14．What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 probably refer to
A．Suggestions. B．Topics. C．Problems. D．Posts.
15．In the writer's opinion, it's best to____when we shop online.
A．make decisions as the online posts suggest
B．communicate with the people who stay by our side
C．avoid sharing personal problems on the Internet
D．collect different opinions from different customers
二、第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第二节（共 4 小题，第 31－33 小题每小题 2 分，第 34 小题 4 分，共计 10 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的 A－D 四个选项中选择正确的选项（其中一项是多余选项）
A study found that happiness is partly affected by your genes ( 基 因 ). But even if you're not usually a happy person, you can change that. According to experts, happiness is a choice. It's something that you can develop with continuing practice.
Following these tried-and-true tips can help you find happiness:
16． Don't compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It's OK that you're not like someone parison has been called "the thief of joy". In addition, forgive yourself often. You are not perfect, and you are your own worst critic (批评者).
Reduce screen time.The Internet is full of people who look beautiful. 17． Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people who compare to those images may result in feelings of discouragement.
18． Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don't. Just going on a walk can make a difference.
Limit(限制) the amount of time you spend on the news.Stay aware (明白) of recent events.
But don't spend hours consuming news, which usually includes negative stories and events.
As happiness is a choice, why not choose it Life filled with love and joy will look brighter!
A. Get outside for exercise. B. Practice accepting yourself. C. Learn to compete with others. D. People online seem to lead exciting lives.
What else can you do to be a happy person And why (At least 20 words.) 19．
三、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a change to be something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old from Michigan, US, is bringing 20． to the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts.
At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange 21． his team needed money for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 22． and redeemed ( 兑 换 ) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee at the time of buying to 23． litter and protect the environment.
With the help of his 24． , Lange started a recycling program, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. "We've raised so much money, 25． why not continue as long as we can " he said. This success made him 26． and encouraged to continue the project with his father.
In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling program, leading to bottles and cans 27． accumulating (堆积) in people's homes.
Lange's recycling 28． offered a solution. With his father's help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 29． did pickups from people's homes. "I'd just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I'm here to 30． litter.' I'd catch the bags and pull them to the truck," Lange said.
Since 2020, Lange's recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans 31． polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers. "It has kept our community a lot 32． ," Lange said.
In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing 33． environmental efforts and community impact. He believed the world would become a much better place.
Lange always said, "Be 34． . Have an idea and build on it," Whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements.
20．A． chances B． risks C． benefits D． problems
21．A． hoped B． realized C． promised D． decided
22．A． chosen B． polished C． offered D． collected
23．A． produce B． reduce C． check D． share
24．A． father B． mother C． teacher D． classmate
25．A． while B． but C． so D． or
26．A． nervous B． positive C． silent D． curious
27．A． normally B． simply C． rapidly D． hardly
28．A． walk B． dream C． secret D． program
29．A． even B． just C． still D． never
30．A． cut down B． hand out C． pick up D． pay for
31．A． from B． with C． by D． about
32．A． quieter B． cleaner C． stranger D． safer
33．A． our B． its C． their D． his
34．A． healthy B． creative C． careful D． polite
四、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分）第二节：词汇运用（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 根据下列句子及所给的首字母，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空一词）。
The Lantern Festival ⑴The Lantern Festival began d 35． the Han Dynasty 2,000 years ago. ⑵Yuanxiao is regarded as the t 36． food of the Lantern Festival. ⑶On the eve of the festival, many lanterns are h 37． in the streets. ⑷People often go out and watch the lantern show with family m 38． . ⑸People also celebrate the festival by g 39． the lantern riddles (谜).
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
The Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) are a very special place in China, which stand in Dunhuang, Gansu 40． (省). The Mogao Grottoes, with thousands of years, were 41． (列表) as a world cultural heritage (遗产) in 1987.
Fan Jinshi, a 42． (著名) archaeologists (考古学家), was born in Beijing on July 9, 1938. Influenced by her father, Fan has visited a lot of museums 43． ( 自 从 ) she was in middle school. She studied in Peking University and 44． ( 毕 业 ) in 1963 with the great love of Chinese culture. She spends almost 60 years taking care of the Mogao Grottoes. People call her the "Daughter of Dunhuang " 45． ( 直 接 ).
On 46． ( 五 月 ) 4th, 2023, Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund to 47． ( 支 持 ) the research of Dunhuang Studies at Peking University.
"Money made should be spent in the right way. People can't only think of 48． (他们)," she said. "Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can raise cultural 49． (信心) and strength."
五、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分）第三节：语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 10 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In a village, there lived an old man in his 70s. As he got older, he grew to enjoy going to bed early. One day, 50． group of boys played games near his house. Their loud shouting made it impossible for him to fall 51． (sleep). He felt quite angry.
One evening, the old man invited the boys inside his house. He told them that he loved hearing the sound of 52． (child) voices. Their laughter and cries made him feel like he had become a young man again. He promised 53． (give) each of them a dollar if they would play there every day.
54． (excited), the same boys returned and played even more happily and loudly the next day. True to his word, the old man 55． (pay) them and asked them to do so again the following day.
However, 56． the next evening, the boys got only 50 cents instead of a dollar.
By the 57． (three) evening, the old man only gave them 10 cents. He said that he was very sorry 58． he didn't have much money left.
"Dear children," he said, "would you please still come back tomorrow I really enjoy your laughter."
The boys felt so sad that they refused his request. Was it worth 59． (play) so hard if they didn't get much in return
六、第四部分 书面表达（满分 20 分）
60．（2024·柯桥模拟）为了使毕业活动更有意义，你校英语社团向全校毕业生开展了调查。假如你是李华， 请根据调查结果选择一项，并写一封邮件给负责人，介绍你的活动计划及阐明理由。
注意：
（1）邮件内容要点应选自上图，可适当发挥；
（2）理由至少两条；
（3）词数：80—100；
（4）邮件首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
Dear sir,
To make the graduation activities more meaningful, I'd like to share my plan with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】教育类；其他语篇类型；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇关于父爱的诗歌。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
1．推理判断题。根据He was so proud of his little girl. It was her first day of school. He walked with her to school that day, And she held his hand all the way.结合文章格式可知本文是一首诗歌。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据Daddy, Daddy, please don't go. (爸爸, 爸爸请不要离开。)Don't leave me all alone.(不要丢下我一个人。) I'll miss you if you go away,(如果你离开我会想你的) And I might need you,(我需要你，)可知此处表示作者需要爸爸，可推测是希望他留下。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知本文介绍了女儿在爸爸的爱心陪伴下长大成人，C项"女儿是在她父亲的爱下长大的"符合题意，故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．A
7．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文主要描述了Mr.Hamel在最后一天上课时的情景。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案。
4．推理判断题。根据Mr. Hamel looked at the things around him as if he wanted to remember everything in the small classroom. He had been in this same place for forty years.(Mr. Hamel看着他周围的东西，好像他想记住小教室里的一切。他在同一个地方待了40年。)可知，从第三段我们可以推断出Mr. Hamel对这所学校有一种特殊的感情。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs. They were leaving the country tomorrow.(这个可怜的人把所有这些东西都留下了，一定很难过。他姐姐正在楼上收拾行李。他们明天要离开这个国家。) 和倒数第二段"My friends, I…"But something stopped him. He could only turn around and pick up a piece of chalk. As large as he could,he wrote"…" ("我的朋友们, 我……"但有什么阻止了他。他只能转身捡起一支粉笔。他尽可能地写下了"…") 可知, Mr. Hamel最后写的可能是关于他对国家和学生的爱。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据It was as if the poor man wanted to give us all his knowledge in one go. (好像这个可怜的人想一口气把他所有的知识都给我们。)和第五段
Mr. Hamel bravely kept on teaching the lesson to the end. After writing, we had history. (Mr. Hamel勇敢地坚持把课教完。写完之后，我们上了历史课。)可知, 最能描述Mr. Hamel的词是Responsible"负责任的"。故选A。
7．标题选择题。根据For this last day, Mr. Hamel had prepared new examples written in a beautiful style (在这最后一天, Mr. Hamel准备了用漂亮的字体写的新的例子)和第四段
It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs.They were leaving the country tomorrow.(这个可怜的人把所有这些东西都留下了，一定很难过。他姐姐正在楼上收拾行李。他们明天要离开这个国家。)可知，这篇文章最好的标题是：最后一课。故选A。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．A
【知识点】说明文；文章出处；科学技术
【解析】【分析】短文讲了希腊数百个海滩现在为轮椅用户提供了一种新方式，让他们可以独自进入水中，这被称为Seatrac。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
8．段落大意题。根据第二段Seatrac was designed to solve this problem.(Seatrac就是为了解决这个问题而设计的。)可知第二段说的是为什么设计Seatrac。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段TOBEA also offers other special equipment to help disabled people enjoy Greece's beaches: changing rooms, bathrooms, and shady resting areas. (TOBEA还提供其他特殊设备来帮助残疾人享受希腊的海滩：更衣室、浴室和阴凉的休息区。)可知TOBEA帮助残疾人享受海滩服务。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water alone. It's called Seatrac. (走路或走动有困难的人通常很难享受海滩。但希腊数百个海滩现在为坐轮椅的人提供了一种单独下水的新方式。它叫Seatrac。)可知为轮椅使用者提供一种享受大海的方式。故选D。
11．文章出处题。根据最后一段This summer,Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece,Cyprus, Italy,and Latvia. The service in Greece is being offered for free. The government and the EU have helped pay for it,they hope Seatrac will help attract more tourists to the country. (今年夏天, Seatrac系统正在希腊、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脱维亚的220多个海滩使用。希腊的服务是免费的。政府和欧盟已经帮助支付了费用，他们希望Seatrac将有助于吸引更多游客到该国。)可推测这篇文章是与旅游有关，应是摘自报纸的文化部分。故选D。
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】短文讲了在小红书等社交媒体平台上，"我会听"和"听我的"标签越来越多。人们会就度假地点、海鲜餐厅选择或华为Mate 60与iPhone15哪个更值得购买等问题发帖求助。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we're seeing more posts with the tag lines "I will listen"and"listen to me."…Write a post titled"I will listen"and it's likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion. (在小红书等社交媒体平台上，我们看到越来越多的帖子带有"我会听"和"听我说"的标签。……写一个标题为"我会听"的帖子，很可能会有一个热心的人很快回复一个建议。)可推测顾客的意见会影响我们在网上决定产品。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments(评论) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won't consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product.(每当我在网上买东西时，我总是会阅读最后一位顾客发布的评论。如果有大多的负面评论，我可能不会考虑购买。另一方面，如果所有的评论都是异常积极的，我怀疑的大脑就会接管，我认为卖家可能会利用评论来增加产品的销量。)可知通过比较差异。故选D。
14．代词指代题。根据第四段Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don't necessarily fit in with the special situation of others. (他们的建议可能是真实的，但它们不一定适合其他人的特殊情况。)可知they指的是"他们的建议"。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段For these big"topics", it's better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts.Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again.(对于这些大的"话题"，最好与朋友、家人、老师和专业专家交谈。那些和你关系密切的人了解你，关心你，会一直陪伴在你身边，不像网上的海报那样，你可能再也听不到了。)可知在作者看来，当我们在网上购物时，最好和我们身边的人交流。故选B。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．A；19．I can read educational books to be a happy person. Because reading makes a full man. We can get not only happiness but also knowledge from books.
【知识点】议论文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了如何提高幸福感，以及如何通过一下方法来改变自己的心态，让自己变得更加快乐。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
16．根据下文Don't compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. (不要拿自己和别人比较。每个人都有不同的天赋和能力。)可知，应该是接受自己，选项B"练习接受自己。"符合题意。故选B。
17．根据上文The Internet is full of people who look beautiful. (互联网上到处都是看起来很漂亮的人。)可知，此处介绍网上的人，选项D"网上的人似乎过着令人兴奋的生活。"符合题意。故选D。
18．根据下文Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. (大自然有助于减轻压力。锻炼身体，把健康放在第一位。)可知，此处跟到户外锻炼有关，选项A"到户外锻炼。"符合题意。故选A。
19．答案不唯一。如：我可以阅读教育书籍，成为一个快乐的人。因为读书使人充实。我们不仅可以从书中获得快乐，还可以从书中学到知识。故填I can read educational books to be a happy person. Because reading makes a full man. We can get not only happiness but also knowledge from books.
【答案】20．C；21．B；22．D；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．D；34．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了马特奥·兰格，一位15岁的美国密歇根州少年，通过周末回收活动为环境和社区带来积极影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
20．句意：15岁的马特奥·兰格来自美国密歇根州，他通过周末的回收活动为环境和社区带来了好处。A.机会，B.风险，C.益处，D.问题，根据 Recycling is not only good for the environment可知回收利用对环境有益，所以此处是指马特奥通过周末的回收活动为环境带来好处，故选C。
21．句意：11岁在打棒球时，兰格意识到他的球队需要钱来参加比赛。A.希望，B.意识到，C.承诺，D.决定，根据He soon came up with a plan.可推测兰格意识到他的球队需要钱来参加比赛。故选B。
22．句意：在密歇根州，罐头和瓶子可以被收集并兑换。A.选择，B.磨光，C.提供，D.收集。根据 redeemed(兑换) for money结合常识可知罐头和瓶子被换钱的前提是被收集，故选D。
23．句意：每件物品10美分，在购买时作为额外费用，以减少垃圾和保护环境。A.产生，B.减少，C.检查，D.分享，根据protect the environment.可知能保护环境的是减少垃圾。故选B。
24．句意：在父亲的帮助下，兰格开始了一个回收项目，短短几周就筹集了7500美元。A.父亲， B.母亲， C.老师， D.同学， 根据continue the project with his father (和他的父亲继续这个项目)可知在父亲的帮助下。故选A。
25．句意："我们已经筹集了这么多钱，所以为什么不尽可能地继续下去呢 "他说。A.当……时候，B.但是，C.所以，D.或者，根据We've raised so much money以及 why not continue as long as we can可知表示因果。本句表达结果，用so来引导，故选C。
26．句意：这次成功使他积极，并鼓励他和父亲一起继续这个项目。A.紧张的，B.积极的，C.沉默的， D.好奇的， 根据 encouraged to continue the project with his father (和他的父亲继续这个项目) 可知成功使他积极。故选B。
27．句意：2019年，密歇根州停止了回收计划，导致瓶子和罐子迅速堆积在人们的家中。A.正常地，B.仅仅，C.迅速地，D.几乎不，根据Michigan stopped its recycling program (密歇根州停止了回收计划，)可推测停止回收就会导致瓶子和罐子迅速堆积在人们的家中。故选C。
28．句意：兰格的回收项目提供了一个解决方案。A.散步，B.梦想，C.秘密，D.项目，根据Lange started a recycling program (兰格开办了一个回收项目)可知是回收项目。故选D。
29．句意：在他父亲的帮助下，他们帮助人们处理可回收物品，甚至从人们的家里捡东西。A.甚至，B.只是，C.仍然，D.从不，根据did pickups from people's homes可知"从人们的家里捡东西"这件事与帮助人们处理可回收物品递进关系，应用"甚至"连接，故选A。
30．句意：我只是跑出去，敲了敲门，说，"我在这里减少垃圾。"A.减少，B.分发，C.捡起， D.支付， 根据Lange's recycling program offered a solution. (兰格的回收项目提供了一个解决方案。)可知是减少垃圾。故选A。
31．句意：此外，它还防止了200多万个瓶子和易拉罐污染密歇根州的路边、湖泊和河流。A.从，B.和，C.通过，D.有关， prevent…from doing防止……，固定搭配。故选A。
32．句意：兰格说："这让我们的社区更干净了。"A.更安静的，B.更干净的，C.更奇怪的， D.更安全的， 根据Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers. (此外，它还防止了200多万个瓶子和易拉罐污染密歇根州的路边、湖泊和河流。)可推测让社区更干净了。故选B。
33．句意：2023年，兰格获得了格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，以表彰他对环境的努力和对社区的影响。A.我们的，B.它的，C.他们的，D.他的，根据Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes (兰格获得了格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖)可知本句表彰的是 Gloria Barron他对环境的努力和影响。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词，his符合题意，故选D。
34．句意：要有创意。A.健康的，B.有创意的， C.认真的， D.有礼貌的， 结合下文Have an idea and build on it (有一个想法， 然后把它付诸实践。)可知要有创意。故选B。
【答案】35．during；36．traditional；37．hung；38．members；39．guessing
【知识点】其他语篇类型；中国传统节假日与庆祝活动
【解析】【分析】介绍了元宵节以及其庆祝活动。
【点评】考查单词拼写。学习中要注意加强记忆，包括单词的拼写以及单词的意思。
35．句意：元宵节始于2000年前的汉朝。这句话介绍了元宵节的起源时间，即它起源于2000年前的汉朝。根据首字母提示可知，"during"表示"在……期间"，用来连接时间点"the Han Dynasty"和"2,000 years ago"符合题意。故填during。
36．句意：元宵被视为元宵节的传统食品。这句话说明了元宵在元宵节中的重要地位，即它是这个节日的传统食品。根据首字母提示可知，"traditional"表示"传统的"，用来修饰"food"，强调其文化意义，符合题意。故填traditional。
37．句意：在节日前夕，许多灯笼被悬挂在街道上。这句话描述了元宵节前夕的街道景象，即街道上挂满了灯笼。根据首字母提示可知，"hang悬挂"符合题意，分析句子可知，主语lanterns与动词hang是被动关系，灯笼不能自己挂在街上，应用be done的形式，"hung"是"hang"的过去分词形式，表示"被悬挂"，与"are"一起构成被动语态，说明灯笼是被悬挂在街道上的。故填hung。
38．句意：人们经常和家人一起外出观看灯展。这句话讲述了元宵节期间人们的活动之一，即与家人一起外出观看灯展。根据首字母提示可知，members成员，符合题意。"family members"表示"家庭成员"，用来指代与人们一起外出的亲人。故填members。
39．句意：人们还通过猜灯谜来庆祝这个节日。这句话介绍了元宵节期间另一种受欢迎的活动——猜灯谜。根据首字母提示可知，guess猜，符合题意。by是介词，后接动名词形式，"guessing"是"guess"的动名词形式，表示"猜测"的动作，故填guessing。
【答案】40．Province；41．listed；42．.famous；43．since；44．graduated；45．directly；46．May；47．support；48．themselves；49．confidence
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗
【解析】【分析】本文主要描述敦煌莫高窟是中国甘肃敦煌的一处世界文化遗产，拥有数千年历史。
【点评】考查单词拼写。本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
40．句意：莫高窟是中国一个非常特别的地方， 它位于甘肃省敦煌市。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"省"，province表示省，甘肃省应用单数形式，故填 Province。
41．句意：拥有数千年历史的莫高窟于1987年被列为世界文化遗产。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"列表"，list意为"列表"，分析句子结构可知，主语The Mogao Grottoes与动词"列为"是被动关系，所以句子为被动语态，由be+过去分词构成，故填listed。
42．句意：樊锦诗，著名考古学家，1938年7月9日出生于北京。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"著名"，famous表示著名的，空后是名词，空处应填形容词，故填famous。
43．句意：受她父亲的影响，樊从中学起就参观了许多博物馆。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"自从"，since表示自从，后接一般过去时作现在完成时的标志词，故填since。
44．句意：她就读于北京大学，1963年毕业， 怀着对中国文化的巨大热爱。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"毕业"，graduate表示毕业，根据studied可知句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填graduated。
45．句意：人们直接称她为"敦煌的女儿"。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"直接"，根据call动词，可知空处应用副词修饰动词，故填directly。
46．句意: 2023年5月4日， 樊锦诗回到北京大学，带回1000万人民币捐款，成立樊锦诗教育基金，支持北京大学敦煌学研究。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"五月"，May表示五月，专有名词，用单数形式，故填 May。
47．句意: 2023年5月4日， 樊锦诗回到北京大学，带回1000万人民币捐款，成立樊锦诗教育基金，支持北京大学敦煌学研究。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"支持"，support表示支持，介词to后面跟动词原形， 故填support。
48．句意：人们不能只想到自己，"她说。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"他们"，they意为"他们"，think of oneself 只想自己，固定搭配。故填themselves。
49．句意：希望该基金的设置可以帮助大学的敦煌学研究，因此可以提高文化自信和力量。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"信心"，confidence表示信心，不可数名词， 空前cultural文化的，是形容词，后接名词，故填confidence。
【答案】50．a；51．asleep；52．children；53．to give；54．Excitedly；55．paid；56．on；57．third；58．because；59．playing
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一位70多岁的老人假装喜欢孩子们的声音，并且给他们钱，但是给孩子们的钱越来越少，孩子们就不愿意在这里玩了。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
50．句意：一天，一群男孩在他房子附近玩游戏。分析句意可知，此处表达"一群"。A group of固定搭配，一群。空格后面的词语是group， group是以辅音音素开头的单词， 所以要用a来填空。故填a。
51．句意：他们的大声喊叫让他无法入睡，他感到非常生气。sleep睡觉，实义动词。空格前面的词语是fall，所以要用形容词来填空。fall asleep固定搭配， 睡觉。故填asleep。
52．句意：他告诉他们他喜欢听孩子们的声音。child孩子，单数名词。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的词语是名词，所以要用名词所有格来填空。根据上文the boys，所以要用复数名词的所有格children's来填空。故填 children's。
53．句意：他承诺如果他们每天都来玩，就给每个孩子一美元。give给，实义动词。promise to do sth.固定搭配， 许诺做某事。所以要用动词不定式来填空。故填to give。
54．句意：兴奋地，同样的男孩回来了，第二天玩得更开心、更大声了。excited兴奋的，形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格的位置在句首，所以要用副词来填空，对整个句子起修饰说明的作用，句首首字母大写。故填Excitedly。
55．句意：老人如约给了他们钱，并请他们第三天再来。pay付，实义动词。根据returned可知主体时态是一般过去时，所以要用动词过去式paid来填空。故填 paid。
56．句意：然而，第二天晚上，男孩们只得到了50美分，而不是1美元。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的词语是the next evening (第二天晚上)， 在具体某一天的晚上用介词on来填空，表达"在第二天晚上"。故填 on。
57．句意：到第三天晚上，老人只给了他们10美分。three三，基数词。根据the next evening可知此处表达"第三天"，且空前词语是定冠词，所以此处要用序数词来填空。故填third。
58．句意：他说他很抱歉，因为他没有剩下多少钱了。分析句子结构可知，根据He said that he was very sorry以及he didn't have much money left.可知前后句子存在因果关系，本句表示原因，所以要用because来填空， 引导原因状语从句，表达"因为他没有剩下多少钱了所以很抱歉"。故填because。
59．句意：如果他们没有得到太多回报，那么这么辛苦的玩，值得吗。play玩，实义动词。be worth doing固定搭配， 值得做某事。所以此处要用动名词来填空。故填playing。
60．【答案】略
【知识点】看图写话；学校生活；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇图表作文。按照所给的提示内容写一封邮件给负责人，介绍你的活动计划及阐明理由。写作中要包含所给的图表内容，举办班级聚会、旅行、举行慈善义卖以及其他。根据材料内容可知本文要用一般现在时，人称主要是第一人称，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容的提示将图表内容逐一进行了陈述。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整，时态运用灵活准确。一些固定短语，如make the graduation activities more meaningul；enhance our relationship；broaden ourhorizons.等以及句型结构，如We can play games together, take picturestogether and so on during the trip.I hope my suggestions will be accepted.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅，自然。
1 / 1浙江省绍兴市柯桥区联盟学校2024年中考模拟预测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
He was so proud of his little girl. It was her first day of school. He walked with her to school that day, And she held his hand all the way. They walked together quiet and sad, A little girl and her loving dad. Into the school her father led, But he almost cried when she said, "Daddy, Daddy, please don't go. Don't leave me all alone. I'll miss you if you go away, And I might need you, can't you____ " "Little Daughter, please don't cry. You'll be okay, so dry your eyes. You have our memories in your heart. We're together though we're apart." He sat up front on her wedding (结婚) day. And cried as his daughter walked away. Later that night he watched her dance, He sat there waiting for his chance. The band started to play their song, Father and daughter danced along. She looked at him and saw a tear, Then leaned and whispered in his ear, "Daddy, Daddy, I have to go. I hate to leave you all alone. I'll miss you when I go away, But if you need me then I'll stay." "Little Daughter, I'll be fine. I'll love you always, you are mine. I have our memories in my heart. We're together though we're apart."
1．What text is it
A．A play. B．A poem. C．A story. D．A notice.
2．Which of the following can be best put into____
A．stay B．understand C．wait D．smile
3．It can be learned from the text that the daughter____.
A．went to school with her parents every day
B．sang with her father when she got married
C．was brought up with her father's deep love
D．lived with her parents together in the end
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】教育类；其他语篇类型；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇关于父爱的诗歌。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
1．推理判断题。根据He was so proud of his little girl. It was her first day of school. He walked with her to school that day, And she held his hand all the way.结合文章格式可知本文是一首诗歌。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据Daddy, Daddy, please don't go. (爸爸, 爸爸请不要离开。)Don't leave me all alone.(不要丢下我一个人。) I'll miss you if you go away,(如果你离开我会想你的) And I might need you,(我需要你，)可知此处表示作者需要爸爸，可推测是希望他留下。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知本文介绍了女儿在爸爸的爱心陪伴下长大成人，C项"女儿是在她父亲的爱下长大的"符合题意，故选C。
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Mr. Hamel picked up a grammar book and read us our lesson. I was surprised at how well I understood it－everything he said seemed so easy! Mr. Hamel had never explained things so patiently. It was as if the poor man wanted to give us all his knowledge in one go.
After grammar, we moved on to writing. For this last day, Mr. Hamel had prepared new examples written in a beautiful style: France, Alsace. Everyone worked hard in dead silence. The only sound was the scratching of pens on paper.
Pigeons (鸽子) cooed softly on the roof. I wondered if they would be forced to sing in
German, too. Mr. Hamel looked at the things around him as if he wanted to remember everything in the small classroom. He had been in this same place for forty years. The desks and chairs were worn with use. The walnut trees in the garden had grown up. The flowers he had planted were now climbing up to the roof.
It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs. They were leaving the country tomorrow.
Mr. Hamel bravely kept on teaching the lesson to the end. After writing, we had history. And at the end of the day, the little children read "BA, BE, BI, BO, BU" together. The old man put on his glasses and read with them. He held his textbook tightly in both hands. His voice was shaking.
Suddenly, the church bell rang. Mr. Hamel got up from his chair. His face was pale, but he had never looked so tall before.
"My friends, I…" But something stopped him. He could only turn around and pick up a piece of chalk. As large as he could, he wrote "…"
"Today's lesson is over. You can go now," he said.
4．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Plants should be taken good care of.
B．Mr. Hamel had a special feeling for the school.
C．Mr. Hamel was tired of teaching.
D．Everything remained the same as the time went by.
5．What Mr. Hamel finally wrote may be about his____.
A．worry about his own health
B．leaving time with his sister
C．love for his country and his students
D．lessons the next day
6．Which word can best describe Mr. Hamel
A．Responsible. B．Creative. C．Strict. D．Humorous.
7．Which could be the best title for the passage
A．The last lesson B．A poor school
C．A talented teacher D．The true friendship
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．A
7．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文主要描述了Mr.Hamel在最后一天上课时的情景。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案。
4．推理判断题。根据Mr. Hamel looked at the things around him as if he wanted to remember everything in the small classroom. He had been in this same place for forty years.(Mr. Hamel看着他周围的东西，好像他想记住小教室里的一切。他在同一个地方待了40年。)可知，从第三段我们可以推断出Mr. Hamel对这所学校有一种特殊的感情。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs. They were leaving the country tomorrow.(这个可怜的人把所有这些东西都留下了，一定很难过。他姐姐正在楼上收拾行李。他们明天要离开这个国家。) 和倒数第二段"My friends, I…"But something stopped him. He could only turn around and pick up a piece of chalk. As large as he could,he wrote"…" ("我的朋友们, 我……"但有什么阻止了他。他只能转身捡起一支粉笔。他尽可能地写下了"…") 可知, Mr. Hamel最后写的可能是关于他对国家和学生的爱。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据It was as if the poor man wanted to give us all his knowledge in one go. (好像这个可怜的人想一口气把他所有的知识都给我们。)和第五段
Mr. Hamel bravely kept on teaching the lesson to the end. After writing, we had history. (Mr. Hamel勇敢地坚持把课教完。写完之后，我们上了历史课。)可知, 最能描述Mr. Hamel的词是Responsible"负责任的"。故选A。
7．标题选择题。根据For this last day, Mr. Hamel had prepared new examples written in a beautiful style (在这最后一天, Mr. Hamel准备了用漂亮的字体写的新的例子)和第四段
It must have been sad for the poor man to leave all these things behind. His sister was packing their bags upstairs.They were leaving the country tomorrow.(这个可怜的人把所有这些东西都留下了，一定很难过。他姐姐正在楼上收拾行李。他们明天要离开这个国家。)可知，这篇文章最好的标题是：最后一课。故选A。
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water alone. It's called Seatrac.
Seatrac was designed to solve this problem. It is a chair on a moving ramp (斜坡) that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. In the sea, the person can either remain in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. The chair is operated by remote ( 远 程 ) control. When the person wants to get out of the water, the Seatrac system brings the chair back to the top of the ramp. It's even possible to take a shower in the Seatrac chair after going for a swim.
The idea came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou, was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn't like to be carried into the sea as if he were a "sack of potatoes".
Mr. Fotiou worked with his partner and a professor at a university to design the system. In no time, they formed a company called TOBEA to build and sell the systems.
TOBEA tried to make the system easy to manage. It is solar powered, and can keep running even if the electricity goes out. It can be packed up and stored when swimming season ends.
TOBEA also offers other special equipment to help disabled people enjoy Greece's beaches: changing rooms, bathrooms, and shady resting areas. It has even created a website showing where beaches with these special services can be found.
This summer, Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, and Latvia. The service in Greece is being offered for free. The government and the EU have helped pay for it, they hope Seatrac will help attract more tourists to the country.
8．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Why Seatrac was designed. B．How Seatrac works.
C．Where Seatrac was made. D．What Seatrac is like.
9．Which of the following is TRUEaccording to the passage
A．Mr. Fotiou set up TOBEA by himself.
B．People in Italy can use Seatrac for free.
C．TOBEA helps disabled people enjoy beach services.
D．Seatrac will stop working when the electricity runs out.
10．What's the writer's purpose of writing this passage
A．To explain the difficulties of designing Seatrac.
B．To attract more tourists to visit Greece's beaches.
C．To show the advantages of swimming with Seatrac.
D．To introduce a way for wheelchair users to enjoy the sea.
11．Which part of a newspaper is the passage taken from
A．Science. B．Sports. C．Health. D．Culture.
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．A
【知识点】说明文；文章出处；科学技术
【解析】【分析】短文讲了希腊数百个海滩现在为轮椅用户提供了一种新方式，让他们可以独自进入水中，这被称为Seatrac。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
8．段落大意题。根据第二段Seatrac was designed to solve this problem.(Seatrac就是为了解决这个问题而设计的。)可知第二段说的是为什么设计Seatrac。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段TOBEA also offers other special equipment to help disabled people enjoy Greece's beaches: changing rooms, bathrooms, and shady resting areas. (TOBEA还提供其他特殊设备来帮助残疾人享受希腊的海滩：更衣室、浴室和阴凉的休息区。)可知TOBEA帮助残疾人享受海滩服务。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water alone. It's called Seatrac. (走路或走动有困难的人通常很难享受海滩。但希腊数百个海滩现在为坐轮椅的人提供了一种单独下水的新方式。它叫Seatrac。)可知为轮椅使用者提供一种享受大海的方式。故选D。
11．文章出处题。根据最后一段This summer,Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece,Cyprus, Italy,and Latvia. The service in Greece is being offered for free. The government and the EU have helped pay for it,they hope Seatrac will help attract more tourists to the country. (今年夏天, Seatrac系统正在希腊、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脱维亚的220多个海滩使用。希腊的服务是免费的。政府和欧盟已经帮助支付了费用，他们希望Seatrac将有助于吸引更多游客到该国。)可推测这篇文章是与旅游有关，应是摘自报纸的文化部分。故选D。
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we're seeing more posts with the tag lines "I will listen" and "listen to me." A puzzled person may have trouble deciding on where to go on a vacation, which restaurant offers the best seafood or whether Huawei's Mate 60 is a better buy than the iPhone 15. Write a post titled "I will listen" and it's likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion.
Now, the problem is, should you follow the advice of a complete stranger Is his or her advice true or is it just a personal opinion Opinions, after all, are not facts－they are just personal judgments. Still, it's important to take different voices into consideration.
Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments ( 评 论 ) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won't consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product.
Apart from online business posts, other "listen-to-me" posts cause a more complex problem. In these posts, people are often giving advice on traps ( 陷 阱 ) and problems that could trouble other people. Personal problems such as relationships, job choices and even mental health are among the most common topics. Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don't necessarily fit in with the special situation of others.
For these big "topics", it's better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts. Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again.
The Internet is like a great "shop" for getting and exchanging information. But, as with any shop, let the buyer be more careful.
12．What mainly influences our deciding on products online according to the passage
A．The sales of products. B．The opinions from customers.
C．The names of companies. D．The posters of shops.
13．How does the writer show his ideas about online shopping in Paragraph 3
A．By explaining the results. B．By telling stories.
C．By raising questions. D．By comparing differences.
14．What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 probably refer to
A．Suggestions. B．Topics. C．Problems. D．Posts.
15．In the writer's opinion, it's best to____when we shop online.
A．make decisions as the online posts suggest
B．communicate with the people who stay by our side
C．avoid sharing personal problems on the Internet
D．collect different opinions from different customers
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】短文讲了在小红书等社交媒体平台上，"我会听"和"听我的"标签越来越多。人们会就度假地点、海鲜餐厅选择或华为Mate 60与iPhone15哪个更值得购买等问题发帖求助。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we're seeing more posts with the tag lines "I will listen"and"listen to me."…Write a post titled"I will listen"and it's likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion. (在小红书等社交媒体平台上，我们看到越来越多的帖子带有"我会听"和"听我说"的标签。……写一个标题为"我会听"的帖子，很可能会有一个热心的人很快回复一个建议。)可推测顾客的意见会影响我们在网上决定产品。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments(评论) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won't consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product.(每当我在网上买东西时，我总是会阅读最后一位顾客发布的评论。如果有大多的负面评论，我可能不会考虑购买。另一方面，如果所有的评论都是异常积极的，我怀疑的大脑就会接管，我认为卖家可能会利用评论来增加产品的销量。)可知通过比较差异。故选D。
14．代词指代题。根据第四段Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don't necessarily fit in with the special situation of others. (他们的建议可能是真实的，但它们不一定适合其他人的特殊情况。)可知they指的是"他们的建议"。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段For these big"topics", it's better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts.Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again.(对于这些大的"话题"，最好与朋友、家人、老师和专业专家交谈。那些和你关系密切的人了解你，关心你，会一直陪伴在你身边，不像网上的海报那样，你可能再也听不到了。)可知在作者看来，当我们在网上购物时，最好和我们身边的人交流。故选B。
二、第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第二节（共 4 小题，第 31－33 小题每小题 2 分，第 34 小题 4 分，共计 10 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的 A－D 四个选项中选择正确的选项（其中一项是多余选项）
A study found that happiness is partly affected by your genes ( 基 因 ). But even if you're not usually a happy person, you can change that. According to experts, happiness is a choice. It's something that you can develop with continuing practice.
Following these tried-and-true tips can help you find happiness:
16． Don't compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It's OK that you're not like someone parison has been called "the thief of joy". In addition, forgive yourself often. You are not perfect, and you are your own worst critic (批评者).
Reduce screen time.The Internet is full of people who look beautiful. 17． Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people who compare to those images may result in feelings of discouragement.
18． Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don't. Just going on a walk can make a difference.
Limit(限制) the amount of time you spend on the news.Stay aware (明白) of recent events.
But don't spend hours consuming news, which usually includes negative stories and events.
As happiness is a choice, why not choose it Life filled with love and joy will look brighter!
A. Get outside for exercise. B. Practice accepting yourself. C. Learn to compete with others. D. People online seem to lead exciting lives.
What else can you do to be a happy person And why (At least 20 words.) 19．
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．A；19．I can read educational books to be a happy person. Because reading makes a full man. We can get not only happiness but also knowledge from books.
【知识点】议论文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了如何提高幸福感，以及如何通过一下方法来改变自己的心态，让自己变得更加快乐。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
16．根据下文Don't compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. (不要拿自己和别人比较。每个人都有不同的天赋和能力。)可知，应该是接受自己，选项B"练习接受自己。"符合题意。故选B。
17．根据上文The Internet is full of people who look beautiful. (互联网上到处都是看起来很漂亮的人。)可知，此处介绍网上的人，选项D"网上的人似乎过着令人兴奋的生活。"符合题意。故选D。
18．根据下文Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. (大自然有助于减轻压力。锻炼身体，把健康放在第一位。)可知，此处跟到户外锻炼有关，选项A"到户外锻炼。"符合题意。故选A。
19．答案不唯一。如：我可以阅读教育书籍，成为一个快乐的人。因为读书使人充实。我们不仅可以从书中获得快乐，还可以从书中学到知识。故填I can read educational books to be a happy person. Because reading makes a full man. We can get not only happiness but also knowledge from books.
三、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a change to be something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old from Michigan, US, is bringing 20． to the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts.
At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange 21． his team needed money for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 22． and redeemed ( 兑 换 ) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee at the time of buying to 23． litter and protect the environment.
With the help of his 24． , Lange started a recycling program, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. "We've raised so much money, 25． why not continue as long as we can " he said. This success made him 26． and encouraged to continue the project with his father.
In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling program, leading to bottles and cans 27． accumulating (堆积) in people's homes.
Lange's recycling 28． offered a solution. With his father's help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 29． did pickups from people's homes. "I'd just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I'm here to 30． litter.' I'd catch the bags and pull them to the truck," Lange said.
Since 2020, Lange's recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans 31． polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers. "It has kept our community a lot 32． ," Lange said.
In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing 33． environmental efforts and community impact. He believed the world would become a much better place.
Lange always said, "Be 34． . Have an idea and build on it," Whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements.
20．A． chances B． risks C． benefits D． problems
21．A． hoped B． realized C． promised D． decided
22．A． chosen B． polished C． offered D． collected
23．A． produce B． reduce C． check D． share
24．A． father B． mother C． teacher D． classmate
25．A． while B． but C． so D． or
26．A． nervous B． positive C． silent D． curious
27．A． normally B． simply C． rapidly D． hardly
28．A． walk B． dream C． secret D． program
29．A． even B． just C． still D． never
30．A． cut down B． hand out C． pick up D． pay for
31．A． from B． with C． by D． about
32．A． quieter B． cleaner C． stranger D． safer
33．A． our B． its C． their D． his
34．A． healthy B． creative C． careful D． polite
【答案】20．C；21．B；22．D；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．D；34．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了马特奥·兰格，一位15岁的美国密歇根州少年，通过周末回收活动为环境和社区带来积极影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
20．句意：15岁的马特奥·兰格来自美国密歇根州，他通过周末的回收活动为环境和社区带来了好处。A.机会，B.风险，C.益处，D.问题，根据 Recycling is not only good for the environment可知回收利用对环境有益，所以此处是指马特奥通过周末的回收活动为环境带来好处，故选C。
21．句意：11岁在打棒球时，兰格意识到他的球队需要钱来参加比赛。A.希望，B.意识到，C.承诺，D.决定，根据He soon came up with a plan.可推测兰格意识到他的球队需要钱来参加比赛。故选B。
22．句意：在密歇根州，罐头和瓶子可以被收集并兑换。A.选择，B.磨光，C.提供，D.收集。根据 redeemed(兑换) for money结合常识可知罐头和瓶子被换钱的前提是被收集，故选D。
23．句意：每件物品10美分，在购买时作为额外费用，以减少垃圾和保护环境。A.产生，B.减少，C.检查，D.分享，根据protect the environment.可知能保护环境的是减少垃圾。故选B。
24．句意：在父亲的帮助下，兰格开始了一个回收项目，短短几周就筹集了7500美元。A.父亲， B.母亲， C.老师， D.同学， 根据continue the project with his father (和他的父亲继续这个项目)可知在父亲的帮助下。故选A。
25．句意："我们已经筹集了这么多钱，所以为什么不尽可能地继续下去呢 "他说。A.当……时候，B.但是，C.所以，D.或者，根据We've raised so much money以及 why not continue as long as we can可知表示因果。本句表达结果，用so来引导，故选C。
26．句意：这次成功使他积极，并鼓励他和父亲一起继续这个项目。A.紧张的，B.积极的，C.沉默的， D.好奇的， 根据 encouraged to continue the project with his father (和他的父亲继续这个项目) 可知成功使他积极。故选B。
27．句意：2019年，密歇根州停止了回收计划，导致瓶子和罐子迅速堆积在人们的家中。A.正常地，B.仅仅，C.迅速地，D.几乎不，根据Michigan stopped its recycling program (密歇根州停止了回收计划，)可推测停止回收就会导致瓶子和罐子迅速堆积在人们的家中。故选C。
28．句意：兰格的回收项目提供了一个解决方案。A.散步，B.梦想，C.秘密，D.项目，根据Lange started a recycling program (兰格开办了一个回收项目)可知是回收项目。故选D。
29．句意：在他父亲的帮助下，他们帮助人们处理可回收物品，甚至从人们的家里捡东西。A.甚至，B.只是，C.仍然，D.从不，根据did pickups from people's homes可知"从人们的家里捡东西"这件事与帮助人们处理可回收物品递进关系，应用"甚至"连接，故选A。
30．句意：我只是跑出去，敲了敲门，说，"我在这里减少垃圾。"A.减少，B.分发，C.捡起， D.支付， 根据Lange's recycling program offered a solution. (兰格的回收项目提供了一个解决方案。)可知是减少垃圾。故选A。
31．句意：此外，它还防止了200多万个瓶子和易拉罐污染密歇根州的路边、湖泊和河流。A.从，B.和，C.通过，D.有关， prevent…from doing防止……，固定搭配。故选A。
32．句意：兰格说："这让我们的社区更干净了。"A.更安静的，B.更干净的，C.更奇怪的， D.更安全的， 根据Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers. (此外，它还防止了200多万个瓶子和易拉罐污染密歇根州的路边、湖泊和河流。)可推测让社区更干净了。故选B。
33．句意：2023年，兰格获得了格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，以表彰他对环境的努力和对社区的影响。A.我们的，B.它的，C.他们的，D.他的，根据Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes (兰格获得了格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖)可知本句表彰的是 Gloria Barron他对环境的努力和影响。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词，his符合题意，故选D。
34．句意：要有创意。A.健康的，B.有创意的， C.认真的， D.有礼貌的， 结合下文Have an idea and build on it (有一个想法， 然后把它付诸实践。)可知要有创意。故选B。
四、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分）第二节：词汇运用（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 根据下列句子及所给的首字母，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空一词）。
The Lantern Festival ⑴The Lantern Festival began d 35． the Han Dynasty 2,000 years ago. ⑵Yuanxiao is regarded as the t 36． food of the Lantern Festival. ⑶On the eve of the festival, many lanterns are h 37． in the streets. ⑷People often go out and watch the lantern show with family m 38． . ⑸People also celebrate the festival by g 39． the lantern riddles (谜).
【答案】35．during；36．traditional；37．hung；38．members；39．guessing
【知识点】其他语篇类型；中国传统节假日与庆祝活动
【解析】【分析】介绍了元宵节以及其庆祝活动。
【点评】考查单词拼写。学习中要注意加强记忆，包括单词的拼写以及单词的意思。
35．句意：元宵节始于2000年前的汉朝。这句话介绍了元宵节的起源时间，即它起源于2000年前的汉朝。根据首字母提示可知，"during"表示"在……期间"，用来连接时间点"the Han Dynasty"和"2,000 years ago"符合题意。故填during。
36．句意：元宵被视为元宵节的传统食品。这句话说明了元宵在元宵节中的重要地位，即它是这个节日的传统食品。根据首字母提示可知，"traditional"表示"传统的"，用来修饰"food"，强调其文化意义，符合题意。故填traditional。
37．句意：在节日前夕，许多灯笼被悬挂在街道上。这句话描述了元宵节前夕的街道景象，即街道上挂满了灯笼。根据首字母提示可知，"hang悬挂"符合题意，分析句子可知，主语lanterns与动词hang是被动关系，灯笼不能自己挂在街上，应用be done的形式，"hung"是"hang"的过去分词形式，表示"被悬挂"，与"are"一起构成被动语态，说明灯笼是被悬挂在街道上的。故填hung。
38．句意：人们经常和家人一起外出观看灯展。这句话讲述了元宵节期间人们的活动之一，即与家人一起外出观看灯展。根据首字母提示可知，members成员，符合题意。"family members"表示"家庭成员"，用来指代与人们一起外出的亲人。故填members。
39．句意：人们还通过猜灯谜来庆祝这个节日。这句话介绍了元宵节期间另一种受欢迎的活动——猜灯谜。根据首字母提示可知，guess猜，符合题意。by是介词，后接动名词形式，"guessing"是"guess"的动名词形式，表示"猜测"的动作，故填guessing。
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
The Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) are a very special place in China, which stand in Dunhuang, Gansu 40． (省). The Mogao Grottoes, with thousands of years, were 41． (列表) as a world cultural heritage (遗产) in 1987.
Fan Jinshi, a 42． (著名) archaeologists (考古学家), was born in Beijing on July 9, 1938. Influenced by her father, Fan has visited a lot of museums 43． ( 自 从 ) she was in middle school. She studied in Peking University and 44． ( 毕 业 ) in 1963 with the great love of Chinese culture. She spends almost 60 years taking care of the Mogao Grottoes. People call her the "Daughter of Dunhuang " 45． ( 直 接 ).
On 46． ( 五 月 ) 4th, 2023, Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund to 47． ( 支 持 ) the research of Dunhuang Studies at Peking University.
"Money made should be spent in the right way. People can't only think of 48． (他们)," she said. "Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can raise cultural 49． (信心) and strength."
【答案】40．Province；41．listed；42．.famous；43．since；44．graduated；45．directly；46．May；47．support；48．themselves；49．confidence
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗
【解析】【分析】本文主要描述敦煌莫高窟是中国甘肃敦煌的一处世界文化遗产，拥有数千年历史。
【点评】考查单词拼写。本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
40．句意：莫高窟是中国一个非常特别的地方， 它位于甘肃省敦煌市。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"省"，province表示省，甘肃省应用单数形式，故填 Province。
41．句意：拥有数千年历史的莫高窟于1987年被列为世界文化遗产。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"列表"，list意为"列表"，分析句子结构可知，主语The Mogao Grottoes与动词"列为"是被动关系，所以句子为被动语态，由be+过去分词构成，故填listed。
42．句意：樊锦诗，著名考古学家，1938年7月9日出生于北京。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"著名"，famous表示著名的，空后是名词，空处应填形容词，故填famous。
43．句意：受她父亲的影响，樊从中学起就参观了许多博物馆。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"自从"，since表示自从，后接一般过去时作现在完成时的标志词，故填since。
44．句意：她就读于北京大学，1963年毕业， 怀着对中国文化的巨大热爱。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"毕业"，graduate表示毕业，根据studied可知句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填graduated。
45．句意：人们直接称她为"敦煌的女儿"。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"直接"，根据call动词，可知空处应用副词修饰动词，故填directly。
46．句意: 2023年5月4日， 樊锦诗回到北京大学，带回1000万人民币捐款，成立樊锦诗教育基金，支持北京大学敦煌学研究。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"五月"，May表示五月，专有名词，用单数形式，故填 May。
47．句意: 2023年5月4日， 樊锦诗回到北京大学，带回1000万人民币捐款，成立樊锦诗教育基金，支持北京大学敦煌学研究。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"支持"，support表示支持，介词to后面跟动词原形， 故填support。
48．句意：人们不能只想到自己，"她说。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"他们"，they意为"他们"，think of oneself 只想自己，固定搭配。故填themselves。
49．句意：希望该基金的设置可以帮助大学的敦煌学研究，因此可以提高文化自信和力量。根据汉语提示可知，空处为"信心"，confidence表示信心，不可数名词， 空前cultural文化的，是形容词，后接名词，故填confidence。
五、第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分）第三节：语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 10 分）
（2024·柯桥模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In a village, there lived an old man in his 70s. As he got older, he grew to enjoy going to bed early. One day, 50． group of boys played games near his house. Their loud shouting made it impossible for him to fall 51． (sleep). He felt quite angry.
One evening, the old man invited the boys inside his house. He told them that he loved hearing the sound of 52． (child) voices. Their laughter and cries made him feel like he had become a young man again. He promised 53． (give) each of them a dollar if they would play there every day.
54． (excited), the same boys returned and played even more happily and loudly the next day. True to his word, the old man 55． (pay) them and asked them to do so again the following day.
However, 56． the next evening, the boys got only 50 cents instead of a dollar.
By the 57． (three) evening, the old man only gave them 10 cents. He said that he was very sorry 58． he didn't have much money left.
"Dear children," he said, "would you please still come back tomorrow I really enjoy your laughter."
The boys felt so sad that they refused his request. Was it worth 59． (play) so hard if they didn't get much in return
【答案】50．a；51．asleep；52．children；53．to give；54．Excitedly；55．paid；56．on；57．third；58．because；59．playing
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一位70多岁的老人假装喜欢孩子们的声音，并且给他们钱，但是给孩子们的钱越来越少，孩子们就不愿意在这里玩了。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
50．句意：一天，一群男孩在他房子附近玩游戏。分析句意可知，此处表达"一群"。A group of固定搭配，一群。空格后面的词语是group， group是以辅音音素开头的单词， 所以要用a来填空。故填a。
51．句意：他们的大声喊叫让他无法入睡，他感到非常生气。sleep睡觉，实义动词。空格前面的词语是fall，所以要用形容词来填空。fall asleep固定搭配， 睡觉。故填asleep。
52．句意：他告诉他们他喜欢听孩子们的声音。child孩子，单数名词。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的词语是名词，所以要用名词所有格来填空。根据上文the boys，所以要用复数名词的所有格children's来填空。故填 children's。
53．句意：他承诺如果他们每天都来玩，就给每个孩子一美元。give给，实义动词。promise to do sth.固定搭配， 许诺做某事。所以要用动词不定式来填空。故填to give。
54．句意：兴奋地，同样的男孩回来了，第二天玩得更开心、更大声了。excited兴奋的，形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格的位置在句首，所以要用副词来填空，对整个句子起修饰说明的作用，句首首字母大写。故填Excitedly。
55．句意：老人如约给了他们钱，并请他们第三天再来。pay付，实义动词。根据returned可知主体时态是一般过去时，所以要用动词过去式paid来填空。故填 paid。
56．句意：然而，第二天晚上，男孩们只得到了50美分，而不是1美元。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的词语是the next evening (第二天晚上)， 在具体某一天的晚上用介词on来填空，表达"在第二天晚上"。故填 on。
57．句意：到第三天晚上，老人只给了他们10美分。three三，基数词。根据the next evening可知此处表达"第三天"，且空前词语是定冠词，所以此处要用序数词来填空。故填third。
58．句意：他说他很抱歉，因为他没有剩下多少钱了。分析句子结构可知，根据He said that he was very sorry以及he didn't have much money left.可知前后句子存在因果关系，本句表示原因，所以要用because来填空， 引导原因状语从句，表达"因为他没有剩下多少钱了所以很抱歉"。故填because。
59．句意：如果他们没有得到太多回报，那么这么辛苦的玩，值得吗。play玩，实义动词。be worth doing固定搭配， 值得做某事。所以此处要用动名词来填空。故填playing。
六、第四部分 书面表达（满分 20 分）
60．（2024·柯桥模拟）为了使毕业活动更有意义，你校英语社团向全校毕业生开展了调查。假如你是李华， 请根据调查结果选择一项，并写一封邮件给负责人，介绍你的活动计划及阐明理由。
注意：
（1）邮件内容要点应选自上图，可适当发挥；
（2）理由至少两条；
（3）词数：80—100；
（4）邮件首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
Dear sir,
To make the graduation activities more meaningful, I'd like to share my plan with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】略
【知识点】看图写话；学校生活；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇图表作文。按照所给的提示内容写一封邮件给负责人，介绍你的活动计划及阐明理由。写作中要包含所给的图表内容，举办班级聚会、旅行、举行慈善义卖以及其他。根据材料内容可知本文要用一般现在时，人称主要是第一人称，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容的提示将图表内容逐一进行了陈述。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整，时态运用灵活准确。一些固定短语，如make the graduation activities more meaningul；enhance our relationship；broaden ourhorizons.等以及句型结构，如We can play games together, take picturestogether and so on during the trip.I hope my suggestions will be accepted.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅，自然。
1 / 1
