Unit 1 Nature in the balance
Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world.① Losing rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.
In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources: land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) in the air comes from burning rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.②
There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world's wood supply.
Rainforests are often called the world's drugstore. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world's shrinking rainforests.③
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they ________．
A. reflect more heat into the atmosphere
B. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the Earth
C. bring about high rainfall throughout the world
D. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16℃
( ) 2. What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to
A. Humans have begun destroying rainforests.
B. People have a strong desire for resources.
C. We will lose much more than we can gain.
D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.
( ) 3. It can be inferred from the text that ________．
A. we can get enough resources without rainforests
B. there is great medicinal potential in rainforests
C. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land
D. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns
( ) 4. What might be the best title for the text
A. Rainforests and the Environment
B. How to Save Rainforests
C. How to Protect Nature
D. Rainforests and Medical Development
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
1. 译文：_________________________________________________________
2. 译文：_________________________________________________________
3. 译文：_________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2024驻马店期末]
Art isn't always an easy and straightforward thing to understand, and it can be hard to appreciate because it has been seen as something that only particularly educated or wealthy people can enjoy. __1__ Anyone can come to appreciate art with a little bit of time and effort.
Understand the art and then go a step deeper to understand the artists, their intentions and the historical backgrounds. Artists often create works to comment on major historical events. __2__ For example, Pablo Picasso's Guernica(1937) was created in response to the bombings during the Spanish Civil War. It's filled with anti war symbolism. Picasso said of the artwork, “Painting is not done to decorate apartments. It is an instrument of war against cruelty and darkness.”
__3__ Art movements grow from popularity of certain ways of creating art. An art school is basically a group of artists, sometimes all in the same region, who all have a similar style or subject matter. Knowing a little bit about these can help you understand why an artist might have made certain choices. For example, painters in the Egyptian school of art had certain rules that they had to follow—like the size of any figure they drew was supposed to vary based on the social status of the person they were painting. __4__ Each one symbolized a different aspect of life or death.
Check out the life experiences of the artists. Learning a bit about the artists who created a piece can help understand it in a variety of ways. It can help you understand why they made certain artistic decisions. __5__ She had limited mobility after fighting against a serious disease and suffering a bus accident in her early life. Her pain and struggle appear in several of her pieces.
A. But our tips will give you a new way.
B. Art movements sometimes inspired artists.
C. They also couldn't use more than six colors.
D. However, this couldn't be further from the truth.
E. This can give you a window into their unique opinion.
F. For example, Mexican painter Frida Kahlo had suffered a lot.
G. Learn about the art movements or schools that influenced the piece.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
Ⅲ. 完形填空。[2024扬州期末]
One sunny afternoon, Wang Qing, a student at the Communication University of China, was walking on campus when her eyes were __1__ to a cheongsam(旗袍) dress in a second hand shop.
Wang Qing __2__ the shop and gently touched the dress, feeling the history and culture behind it. The dress was cheap but of excellent quality, perfectly in line with her shopping __3__： valuing cost effectiveness over __4__ about buying second hand things. She gladly bought the second hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.
Actually, Wang Qing often found __5__ items on second hand platforms like “Xianyu”， saving money while __6__ her needs. She also received textbooks from __7__ who no longer needed them, preventing waste.
Wang isn't __8__. Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second hand trading by chance. He had a movie ticket but couldn't attend due to a schedule change, so he decided to sell it. This experience __9__ him to the joys of second hand trading, leading him to __10__ both online and offline options.
“In a seller's __11__， selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the __12__，” Zhang said in an interview. He believed that modern youths put more __13__ on practicality, seeking __14__ for money in their purchases.
The stories of these two young people __15__ more and more young people to join the second hand trading movement, promoting a green, eco friendly, and economical lifestyle.
( ) 1. A. transported B. drawn C. signaled D. brought
( ) 2. A. broke into B. stepped into C. looked over D. took over
( ) 3. A. list B. collection C. philosophy D. basket
( ) 4. A. complaints B. concepts C. guarantees D. concerns
( ) 5. A. appealing B. moving C. frightening D. puzzling
( ) 6. A. satisfying B. ignoring C. understanding D. determining
( ) 7. A. classmates B. graduates C. composers D. natives
( ) 8. A. alone B. anxious C. aware D. accessible
( ) 9. A. stimulated B. described C. introduced D. recommended
( )10. A. export B. establish C. explore D. estimate
( )11. A. interest B. observation C. imagination D. view
( )12. A. direction B. destination C. form D. process
( )13. A. pressure B. emphasis C. blame D. limits
( )14. A. value B. deal C. advice D. help
( )15. A. intended B. instructed C. inspired D. invited
Ⅳ. 语法填空。[2024唐山期末]
Festivals are celebrated throughout the world. In spite of their various 1.________(origin), the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. The harvest festival is one of the most popular festivals, 2.________ takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. The harvest season in ancient Egypt, 3.________(feature) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports, was celebrated during the springtime.
Customs are 4.________ great significance in festivals, but they can change over time. For example, lighting firecrackers 5.________(stop) in some Chinese cities during the Spring Festival, as it can increase air 6.________(pollute). Another change is that festivals are becoming more commercial, with the celebrations taken advantage of by businesses. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much 7. ________(easy) for the public to spend more on gifts.
Festivals are 8.________ important part of society. They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us 9.________(relax), enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and 10.________ to appreciate.
Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的重要作用及其对环境的重大影响。
一、 1—4 BCBA
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.”可知，热带雨林对环境有很大的影响，因为它们可以吸收阳光中的热量并且调节气候。
2. C 代词指代题。根据第二段中“People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.”可知，人们显然需要从砍伐树木中获得资源，但是比起人们所获益的，其所遭受的损失更大。故this指代如果破坏雨林，人们失去的会比得到的多得多这件事。
3. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，如今使用的很多药物都是来自热带雨林的植物，而仅有不到1%的雨林植物被检测过它们的医学价值。由此可推知，雨林有较大的药物应用潜力。
4. A 标题归纳题。结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林的重要作用及其对环境的重大影响。A项“热带雨林与环境”直截了当地点明了文章的说明对象，符合文章主旨，最适合做文章标题。
二、 1. 分析：本句为简单句。Without the forest cover是介词短语做状语，主体部分是主谓宾结构，warming the rest of the world是现在分词短语做结果状语。
译文：如果没有森林覆盖，这些地区将把更多的热量反射到大气中，使世界上其他地区变暖。
2. 分析：本句为并列复合句。整个句子由but连接构成并列句，前半句为主谓宾结构，其中的we gain from cutting trees是定语从句，修饰先行词the resources；后半句也是主谓宾结构，其中的than we will benefit是比较状语从句。
译文：人们显然需要我们从砍伐树木中获得的资源，但我们所遭受的痛苦将远远超过我们所获得的好处。
3. 分析：本句为主从复合句。It是形式主语，“that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world's shrinking rainforests”是主语从句；整个句子是主系表结构，从句是主谓结构。
译文：很有可能，我们治愈疾病的最佳机会就在世界上日益缩小的热带雨林的某个地方。
Ⅱ. 1—5 DEGCF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何欣赏艺术。
1. 根据上文“Art isn't always an easy and straightforward thing … educated or wealthy people can enjoy.”和下文“Anyone can come to appreciate art with a little bit of time and effort.”可知，空处与上文为转折关系且引出下文，说明人们对艺术的看法是不正确的。故D项“然而，这与事实相去甚远”符合语境。
2. 根据上文“Artists often create works to comment on major historical events.”可知，空处承接上文，说明其作用。故E项“这可以让你了解他们独特的观点”符合语境。
3. 根据下文“Art movements grow from popularity of certain ways … have a similar style or subject matter.”可知，本段主要在说要了解艺术运动和流派。故G项“了解影响作品的艺术运动和流派”符合语境，可做本段主题句。
4. 根据上文“For example, painters in the Egyptian school of art had certain rules that they had to follow—like the size of any figure they drew was supposed to vary based on the social status of the person they were painting.”和下文“Each one symbolized a different aspect of life or death.”可知，空处承上启下，说明埃及艺术学派的画家必须遵循的一些规则。故C项“他们也不能使用超过六种色彩”符合语境。
5. 根据下文“She had limited mobility after fighting against a serious disease and suffering a bus accident in her early life. Her pain and struggle appear in several of her pieces.”可知，空处应举例说明画家遭受的苦难。故F项“例如，墨西哥画家Frida Kahlo就遭受了很多痛苦”符合语境，其中suffered a lot与下文suffering相呼应。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BBCDA 6—10 ABACC 11—15 DDBAC
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个年轻人的故事，启发年轻人加入二手交易，倡导绿色、环保、经济的生活方式。
1. transported运输；drawn画，吸引；signaled打手势；brought带来。根据下文“Wang Qing __2__ the shop and gently touched the dress, feeling the history and culture behind it.”可知，王青走在校园里，突然被一家二手商店里的一件旗袍吸引了目光。
2. broke into破门而入；stepped into迈入；looked over翻阅；took over接管。根据下文gently touched the dress可知，此处表示王青走进店里。
3. list列表；collection收藏；philosophy哲学，生活的信条；basket篮子。根据下文valuing cost effectiveness over __4__ about buying second hand things可知，这是王青的购物理念。
4. complaints抱怨；concepts观念；guarantees保证；concerns担心。根据上文valuing cost effectiveness以及下文“She gladly bought the second hand cheongsam dress and returned to her dormitory with joy.”可知，王青更重视成本效益，因而不担心买到二手的东西。
5. appealing有吸引力的；moving令人感动的；frightening令人害怕的；puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“when her eyes were __1__”可知，王青经常在闲鱼等二手平台上找到吸引人的东西。
6. satisfying使满意；ignoring忽略；understanding理解；determining决定。根据上文second hand platforms以及下文her needs可知，王青经常能在二手平台上找到满足需求的东西。
7. classmates同学；graduates毕业生；composers作曲家；natives本地人。根据下文“who no longer needed them”以及常识可知，毕业生不再需要教科书了。
8. alone独自的；anxious焦虑的；aware意识到的；accessible易接近的。根据下文“Zhang Yiming from Renmin University ventured into the world of second hand trading by chance.”可知，并不只有王青这样做，还有很多人也像她一样。
9. stimulated刺激；described描写；introduced 介绍，使尝试；recommended推荐。根据下文the joys of second hand trading可知，这段经历给张一鸣带来了二手交易的乐趣，introduce sb to sth意为“使某人了解某事”。
10. export出口；establish建立；explore探索；estimate评估。根据下文both online and offline options可知，这段经历促使张一鸣探索线上和线下的选择。
11. interest兴趣；observation观察；imagination想象；view观点。根据下文selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money in the __12__可知，这是卖家的观点。
12. direction方向；destination目的地；form形式；process过程。根据上文selling an unused item not only prevents waste but also earns some money以及常识可知，卖东西是一个可以赚钱的过程。
13. pressure压力；emphasis强调；blame责备；limits限制。根据下文on practicality可知，许多年轻人购买二手商品，更看重的是实用性。
14. value价值；deal交易；advice建议；help帮助。根据下文for money in their purchases以及常识可知，物有所值才能促进购买。
15. intended打算；instructed指导；inspired激励；invited邀请。根据下文promoting a green, eco friendly, and economical lifestyle可知，这两个人的故事启发了越来越多的年轻人加入到二手交易中。
Ⅳ. 1. origins 2. which 3. featuring 4. of 5. has been stopped 6. pollution 7. easier
8. an 9. to relax 10. what
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了节日的重要性和它们如何反映人们的愿望、信仰和生活态度，以及节日习俗如何随时间变化。
1. 考查名词复数。various修饰可数名词复数。
2. 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The harvest festival指物，在定语从句中做主语，需用关系代词which引导。
3. 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词，修饰名词The harvest season，feature和The harvest season为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。
4. 考查介词。be of great significance为固定搭配，表示“很重要”。
5. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生了影响，使用现在完成时；lighting firecrackers和stop为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语为动名词短语，助动词用has。
6. 考查名词。空处做动词increase的宾语，应用名词形式。air pollution为固定搭配，意为“空气污染”。
7. 考查形容词比较级。much修饰形容词比较级，空处需填easier做宾语补足语。
8. 考查冠词。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且important发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。
9. 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。
10. 考查代词。此处为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构做宾语，appreciate后缺宾语，指物，需用疑问代词what。Period 6 Extended reading(2) & Project
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
A[2024潍坊期末]
There are millions—possibly billions—of ponds(池塘).Yet for a century or so, they are poorly understood and scientists have paid them very little attention. This neglect might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife.
Ponds are being shown more biodiverse than rivers or lakes. Interestingly, this seems to be partly due to the small size of ponds, which allows them to have a wide range of conditions. The community in a pond with clear water will be very different to that in a nearby seasonal pond made cloudy by farm animals. Ponds show far greater variation than rivers and streams, as flowing water tends to equalize water chemistry.
So why have we ignored such a vital part of the natural world A key reason appears to be the bias(偏见) we humans have where we assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important. Rather than study ponds, scientists in the past typically headed for the largest lake or river they could find.
Most of us also devalue ponds because we assume they are artificial habitats: we look at the human made examples around us and don't realize that these waters have a deeply ancient origin. In our new book Ponds, Pools and Puddles, we show that ponds have clearly existed on Earth as long as there has been land and water and the geological record shows they have been a constant presence.
Now, views are taking on new shapes. Last year, the Ramsar Convention, an international agreement, introduced a proposal on small wetlands, including ponds, giving crucial recognition to them. And the European Union funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe's ponds.
In a world where fresh water faces big challenges, creating and protecting ponds provides a ray of hope: a piece of natural ecological(生态的) engineering we can easily achieve to help support one of the most threatened bits of the environment.
( ) 1. What may contribute to the biodiversity of ponds
A. The nearby animals. B. The constant temperature water.
C. Their diverse conditions. D. Their regularly changing conditions.
( ) 2. What caused ponds to be neglected
A. People's love for nature.
B. Insufficient ponds for research.
C. People's mistaken belief of ponds.
D. Lacking scientific research methods.
( ) 3. Why is PONDERFUL project mentioned
A. To promote the Ramsar Convention.
B. To prepare for the research on ponds.
C. To highlight the importance of small wetlands.
D. To show the changing attitudes towards ponds.
( ) 4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Penny wise, pound foolish.
B. A small key opens a big door.
C. Small streams make great rivers.
D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
B[2024河北名校联盟期末]
After Miles Fetherston Resch learned that sharks were in trouble, he was confused by how people treated the oceans and the creatures that lived in them. “I saw a polluted beach，” he said. “The adults are doing something about it. Why can't I？”
With the help of his mom, Miles then started an organization called Kids Saving Oceans. What started with $13 from his piggy bank as a 6 year old boy has grown to $26，000 raised for ocean conservation(保护). He would sell things like hats, T shirts and water bottles made out of recycled materials for a good cause. Before he turned 18, he wanted to raise $1 million for ocean conservation organizations. Miles, now 12, is in the business of saving oceans.
Miles has even met with leaders in Washington, D．C. and helped co write a book called Kids Saving Oceans: Olivia Makes a Difference. “It's about a kid named Olivia and she doesn't want to just help her dad in the kitchen. She wants to change the world a little bit so she does her research and finds out the oceans are in trouble. She starts with a basic beach clean up and it rockets off from there，” Miles said.
Madeline Stoddard, Miles' teacher, said other students in her classroom were inspired by Miles. “It shows that it doesn't matter how young you are. Everyone can do something to create change，” Madeline said.
Miles lives in Florida now. He has loved the ocean for as long as he can remember. He said, “Getting into conservation was just kind of personal to me.” But to other kids who want to do this kind of work, he said, “If you have an idea, go for it. The worst thing you can do is have it not work out. And that's not a loss.”
( ) 5. Why was the Kids Saving Oceans established
A. To save animals. B. To make big money.
C. To protect the oceans. D. To influence the adults.
( ) 6. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. Olivia was too busy to help her dad.
B. Miles and Olivia have the same goal.
C. The book is about recycled materials.
D. Olivia failed to save the oceans at first.
( ) 7. Which of the following can best describe Miles
A. Confident and active. B. Friendly and graceful.
C. Inspiring and curious. D. Patient and successful.
( ) 8. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph
A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. The early bird catches the worm.
C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Nothing risked, nothing gained.
Ⅱ. 完形填空。[2024唐山期末]
The animal shelter where I worked received an old, blind dog. Based on her condition, we did not have much __1__ that the dog we named Tabby would find a home.
One day, a mom named Loretta __2__ the shelter with Andrew, her son who suffered from seizures(癫痫). It was this boy who had __3__ Tabby on the shelter website. What drew him to her was the note on her introduction explaining that Tabby had special needs. With the__4__ boy, this well meaning family __5__ seemed like the perfect fit for Tabby. But the child would not __6__ without his dog. So Tabby was officially their dog.
Tabby's __7__ was not yet finished. Through __8__， Loretta told us about the connection that had developed between her son and Tabby. Once Andrew suffered from four or more seizures a day, __9__ he had not had a single one since Tabby came home. So concerned was he for Tabby's __10__ that he did not think about his seizures at all.
The seizures did eventually __11__， but fewer in number and __12__ between. Then something truly __13__ happened. Tabby began to warn Andrew before each seizure. This made it possible for him to __14__ by getting into a safe place and position. So Tabby, a dog with so many challenges and few options, not only found her perfect home but her perfect__15__．
( ) 1. A. hope B. doubt C. fear D. duty
( ) 2. A. put up B. came by C. ran for D. looked after
( ) 3. A. recognized B. attracted C. noticed D. contacted
( ) 4. A. sick B. naughty C. curious D. frank
( ) 5. A. rather B. hardly C. still D. nearly
( ) 6. A. leave B. recover C. speak D. focus
( ) 7. A. program B. event C. story D. life
( ) 8. A. stages B. difficulties C. changes D. tears
( ) 9. A. so B. but C. and D. or
( )10. A. strengths B. disease C. needs D. age
( )11. A. worsen B. return C. disappear D. spread
( )12. A. farther B. milder C. shorter D. sharper
( )13. A. typical B. accidental C. formal D. magical
( )14. A. escape B. wake C. prepare D. explore
( )15. A. hero B. request C. boss D. job
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2024泉州期末]
China has achieved great success in afforestation(植树造林). Over the past few decades, China has created the world's 1.________(large) planted forest, with its forest coverage rate rising 2.________ 12 per cent to 24.02 per cent.
A 2019 finding published in Nature Sustainability showed that at least 25 per cent of the foliage expansion(树叶扩张) 3.________(global) came from China since the early 2000s. Thick forests have also become a key source of earnings for locals. In 2022, 4.________ output value of China's forestry and grassland industry reached 8，370 billion yuan.
China has moved to encourage its afforestation efforts with improvements in laws. 5.________(protect) the country's forests and promote green development, the country's law on forest protection 6.________(revise) in 2019 and went into effect in 2020.
Behind China's remarkable green achievements are 7.________(advance) in afforestation and sand control technologies. “The 8.________(science) and effective prevention and control methods of the Chinese government have greatly changed the county, and that's 9.________ makes me see the hope of improving my hometown environment，” said Rezaali Pakzad, an Iranian PhD student carrying out related research in Minqin, Gansu.
China's afforestation efforts have contributed to addressing global climate change and promoting green and low carbon development, thus 10.________(create) greater development profits for the world.
Period 6 Extended reading(2) & Project
Ⅰ. 1—5 CCDBC 6—8 BAD
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是尽管池塘是野生动物极其重要的栖息地，但是却被人们忽视的原因以及现在人们开始重视对池塘的保护和建设。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ponds are being shown more biodiverse than rivers or lakes. Interestingly, this seems to be partly due to the small size of ponds, which allows them to have a wide range of conditions.”可知，池塘比河流或湖泊更具生物多样性的部分原因是池塘规模太小，但这种小的规模使得它们拥有各种各样的条件，由此可知，池塘多样化的条件促成了池塘的生物多样性。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A key reason appears to be the bias we humans have where we assume that if something is small, it can't be all that important.”可知，忽视池塘多样性的一个原因是我们人类的偏见，认为小的东西不那么重要，由此可知，是人们的偏见造成了对池塘的忽视。
3. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Now, views are taking on new shapes.”可知，人们对池塘的观点和看法发生了转变，此处为本段中主题句，结合下文“And the European Union funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe's ponds.”可知，此处提到了PONDERFUL项目正在收集欧洲池塘的数据，由此可推断，提到PONDERFUL项目是为了表明人们对池塘态度的变化。
4. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，淡水面临巨大的挑战，可以通过建造和保护池塘提供一线希望，这是一项可以轻松实现的自然生态工程，但却能在保护环境中起到重要的作用，由此可推断，“小钥匙开大门”即“用较小的力量或手段达到较大的效果或目的”的意义与本段中讲述的内容吻合。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Miles创办了一个名为“儿童拯救海洋”的组织来保护海洋。
5. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the help of his mom, Miles then started an organization called Kids Saving Oceans. What started with $13 from his piggy bank as a 6 year old boy has grown to $26，000 raised for ocean conservation.”可知，成立“儿童拯救海洋”是为了保护海洋。
6. B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Miles和Olivia有相同的目标，那就是保护海洋。
7. A 推理判断题。根据第一段内容以及最后一段中“But to other kids who want to do this kind of work, he said, ‘If you have an idea, go for it. The worst thing you can do is have it not work out. And that's not a loss.’”可知，Miles既自信又积极。
8. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you have an idea, go for it. The worst thing you can do is have it not work out. And that's not a loss.”可知，有想法一定要付诸实践。由此可知，作者在最后一段想告诉我们不冒险就没有收获。
Ⅱ. 1—5 ABCAB 6—10 ACDBC 11—15 BADCD
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一只盲狗Tabby被收养的过程及其被收养后的生活。
1. hope希望；doubt怀疑；fear恐惧；duty职责。根据上文“The animal shelter where I worked received an old, blind dog.”可知，由于Tabby看不见，所以作者他们对于她能被人领养并不抱太大希望。
2. put up张贴；came by(为看望某人)作短暂拜访；ran for竞选；looked after照顾。根据下文“It was this boy who had __3__ Tabby on the shelter website.”可知，Andrew在网站上发现了这条小狗，所以Loretta带着Andrew来到了收容所。
3. recognized认出；attracted吸引；noticed注意到；contacted联系。根据下文“What drew him to her was the note on her introduction explaining that Tabby had special needs.”可知，网站上关于Tabby的介绍吸引了Andrew的注意，说明这个男孩在收容所的网站上注意到了Tabby。
4. sick生病的；naughty淘气的；curious好奇的；frank坦率的。根据上文her son who suffered from seizures可知，Andrew患有癫痫，因此他是一个生病的孩子。
5. rather相当；hardly几乎不；still仍然；nearly几乎。根据上文可知，这家的小男孩Andrew患有癫痫，而狗狗Tabby也看不见，所以这个家庭似乎不太适合收养Tabby。
6. leave离开；recover恢复；speak说话；focus集中。根据下文“So Tabby was officially their dog.”可知，收养不了Tabby，Andrew就不离开收容所。
7. program节目；event事件；story故事；life生活。根据下文可知，Tabby的故事还没有结束，后面将继续讲述她和Andrew之间发生的故事。
8. stages阶段；difficulties困难；changes改变；tears眼泪。根据下文可知，Tabby的到来让Andrew的癫痫得到了控制，所以Loretta非常感动，此处表示她带着感动的眼泪告诉作者她儿子和Tabby之间建立的联系。
9. so因此；but但是；and和；or或者。根据上文“Once Andrew suffered from four or more seizures a day”和下文“he had not had a single one since Tabby came home”可知，前后两句之间构成转折关系。
10. strengths优点；disease疾病；needs需求；age年龄。根据上文可知，Tabby有特殊需求，因此Andrew非常关心她的需求。
11. worsen恶化；return返回，恢复；disappear消失；spread传播。根据上文可知，Andrew癫痫发作的次数减少了，说明不是癫痫不发作了。所以此处表示癫痫发作最终又回来了。
12. farther (时间或空间上)较远的；milder更温和的；shorter更短的；sharper更锋利的。根据上文but fewer in number可知，Andrew癫痫发作的次数减少了，间隔时间也更长了。
13. typical典型的；accidental偶然的；formal正式的；magical神奇的。根据下文可知，Tabby开始在每次癫痫发作前提醒Andrew，这是一件神奇的事情。
14. escape逃跑；wake醒来；prepare准备；explore探索。根据上文“Tabby began to warn Andrew before each seizure.”可知，Tabby开始在每次癫痫发作前提醒Andrew，这使得他能够提前做准备。
15. hero英雄；request请求；boss老板；job工作。根据上文“Tabby began to warn Andrew before each seizure.”可知，Tabby开始在每次癫痫发作前提醒Andrew，这使得Andrew能够提前做准备，因此Tabby找到了一份完美的工作，即作为Andrew的癫痫发作预警犬。
Ⅲ. 1. largest 2. from 3. globally 4. the 5. To protect 6. was revised 7. advances
8. scientific 9. what 10. creating
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是中国在植树造林方面取得了巨大的成功，为应对全球气候变化、促进绿色低碳发展作出了贡献。
1. 考查形容词最高级。此处为形容词做定语修饰名词planted forest，根据上文的定冠词the可知，此处应为形容词的最高级形式。
2. 考查介词。此处为固定短语from … to …，意为“从……到……”。
3. 考查副词。此处为副词做地点状语，global的副词为globally意为“全球地”，符合句意。
4. 考查冠词。此处的value为特指，指的是“中国林业和草原产业的总价值”，所以此处使用定冠词the。
5. 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词做状语，且表示目的，所以使用动词不定式形式；位于句首，首字母需大写。
6. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2019可知，应用一般过去时，revise与主语the country's law之间为被动关系，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态；且主语law为第三人称单数。
7. 考查名词复数。该句为倒装句，此处为名词做主语，advance意为“进步”，根据谓语动词are可知，应用名词复数形式。
8. 考查形容词。此处为形容词做定语，修饰名词短语prevention and control methods，science的形容词为scientific意为“科学的”，与形容词effective为并列关系。
9. 考查表语从句。空处位于系动词之后，引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意，此处表示的是事物，所以使用连接代词what。
10. 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词做状语，create与逻辑主语China's afforestation efforts之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。Period 3 Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. While ________(play) with his children outdoors, the father felt very happy.
2. The ________(organize) gives kids the chance to focus on a task and complete it.
3. At age 16 Lucy lived with her ________(devote) aunt Iris in Waltham, Massachusetts.
4. However, the physical suffering did not stop him ________(dream) of a career in science.
5. Margie assured that everyone had a good time and that everything was ________(absolute) perfect.
6. A smiling face with tears was chosen as the most popular emoji ________(global) in 2016, according to a report.
7. Press the enter key and the ________(apply) form will be displayed on the screen.
8. Human rights groups are calling the release of political prisoners.
9. One evening, while discussing these risks at a local pub, we came up ________ a solution to the problem.
10. You shouldn't go to his party unless ________(invite).
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2024河北名校联盟期末]
Climate change is a big problem for corals(珊瑚虫). I dive to find out. By keeping track of corals in French Polynesia, I hope to determine how much stress they're under.
Coral reefs are like underwater cities made up of tiny animals called corals. They are in symbiosis with tiny plants called algae(海藻). The algae make food for the corals using sunlight. This is called photosynthesis(光合作用). In return, corals produce carbon dioxide and waste, which can be used by the algae as raw materials for photosynthesis.
In French Polynesia, there's a place called Moorea where scientists study corals. My colleagues and I use special floating platforms to look at the corals from different angles. This helps us find problems, like when other plants try to take over.
Two types of corals, Acropora pulchra and Acropora cytherea, are being studied. The pulchra stays its usual dark yellow color, but the cytherea, which is usually light brown or purple, has turned white. This white color is not good. It happens when the water gets too warm for too long. The corals get stressed and push out the algae. Without the algae, the corals can't get food and they turn white, which can lead them to die.
When my colleagues and I go diving, we use a plastic sheet to help us look at the corals and write down what we see. We check the water temperature, the color of the corals, and if we see any signs of the corals being in trouble.
Some corals seem to be stronger and can handle warmer water better than others. We want to find out why this is, so we can help protect corals. But the best way to help corals is to stop pollution and global warming which is making the oceans too warm for them.
( ) 1. Why does the author keep track of corals
A. He loves sea animals.
B. He is crazy about corals.
C. He wants to study the survival condition of corals.
D. He wants to be free of stress.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word “symbiosis” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Competition for resources.
B. Living together in harmony.
C. In support of the development.
D. Improvement without providing benefit.
( ) 3. What will happen when the water temperature rises above normal
A. The corals will lose the source of food.
B. The coral will stay its purple color.
C. Two kinds of corals will turn white.
D. Some corals will become stronger.
( ) 4. What is the key to protecting corals in the author's opinion
A. Protecting more sea plants.
B. Putting more effort into coral research.
C. Reducing pollution and stopping global warming.
D. Figuring out the relationship between corals and algae.
B[2024福州市联盟校期末]
In the early 2000s, a great white shark named Nicole swam about 20，000 kilometers from South Africa to Australia, and then back again within nine months. The first arm of this journey eastwards across the Indian Ocean included the fastest known transoceanic return migration(迁移) among sea animals.
On November 7, 2003, researchers attached an electronic tracker to her fin(鳍) while she was in the waters of South Africa. After completing the first leg of the journey, the tag(标签) fell off near Exmouth Gulf in Western Australia and sent the data to a satellite.
It showed that she had swum from South Africa to Australia, around 11，100 kilometers, in just 99 days—a record breaking achievement. The researchers thought this would be the end of the story, but she was spotted again on August 20, 2004—all the way back in South Africa.
“This is one of the most significant discoveries about white sharks and suggests that we might have to rewrite the life history of this powerful fish，” Dr. Ramón Bonfil said. “More importantly, Nicole has shown us that separate populations of great white sharks may be more directly connected than previously thought, and that wide ranging white sharks that are nationally protected in places such as South Africa and Australia are much easier to be hurt by human fishing in the open oceans than we previously thought.”
Great white sharks are one of the world's toughest travelers, which are regularly seen crossing extreme routes around the world's oceans. They don't gently wander on their voyages either; the species can complete some of the fastest transoceanic migrations ever seen by sea animals. While most of the journey was made at the ocean's surface, Nicole regularly jumped into the Indian Ocean basin(盆地) at a depth of 980 meters. In 2005, this was a record breaker for great whites, but scientists have since found they can swim as deep as 1，128 meters.
( ) 5. What was unique about Nicole's journey to Australia
A. It was the longest journey by a shark.
B. She was the first shark tagged electronically.
C. It was the fastest recorded transoceanic trip.
D. It took her less than 100 days to complete.
( ) 6. What can we learn from Dr. Bonfil's research
A. Populations of white sharks are completely alone.
B. White sharks has no significant interconnections.
C. White sharks have closer connections than thought.
D. Human fishing has fewer influences on sharks.
( ) 7. What does Nicole's deep swimming behavior suggest
A. Great whites prefer deeper waters.
B. Great whites hunt in deep ocean basins.
C. All great whites jump into similar depths.
D. Great whites can survive extreme pressures.
( ) 8. In which section of a newspaper may the text appear
A. Nature. B. Technology.
C. Entertainment. D. Education.
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2024河北名校联盟期末]
Yue Opera is one of the most popular Chinese operas, which is no small 1.________(achieve) when you consider that there are over 360 opera types in China. After all, there's nothing wrong with getting a silver medal! 2.________(originate) from Shengzhou in the Shaoxing City of Zhejiang Province, it is sometimes referred to simply as Shaoxing Opera. The name “Yue” is derived(源自) from the ancient State of Yue, which 3.________(rule) the region during the Spring and Autumn Period.
4.________ many styles of Chinese opera, it evolved from the conversations farmers would have and the folk songs they would sing when working. It became particularly popular with rural communities because of its lively 5.________ romantic descriptions of normal daily life. Kind of like watching your favourite soap opera! During economic downturns, many farmers would turn to this folk art as a secondary job 6.________(increase) their income.
Initially, this style was performed only by male actors, but in the late 1920s an all female troupe(剧团) 7.________(call) the Women's Refined Opera emerged. In a true demonstration(展现) of girl power, this troupe became 8.________ popular that all male troupes 9.________(replace) completely by all female troupes during the 1930s and 1940s. It was around this time that the name “Yue Opera” was 10. ________(formal) adopted.
Period 3 Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 1. playing 2. organization 3. devoted 4. dreaming 5. absolutely 6. globally
7. application 8. for 9. with 10. invited
Ⅱ. 1—5 CBACD 6—8 CDA
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于珊瑚虫生存条件的研究，并呼吁人们保护珊瑚虫。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“By keeping track of corals in French Polynesia, I hope to determine how much stress they're under.”可知，作者追踪珊瑚虫是因为他想研究珊瑚虫的生存条件。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The algae make food for the corals using sunlight. This is called photosynthesis. In return, corals produce carbon dioxide and waste, which can be used by the algae as raw materials for photosynthesis.”可知，藻类和珊瑚虫互相帮助，和睦相处。故画线词意为“和睦相处”。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“It happens when the water gets too warm for too long. The corals get stressed and push out the algae. Without the algae, the corals can't get food and they turn white, which can lead them to die.”可知，当水温高于平均值时，珊瑚虫会失去食物来源。
4. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But the best way to help corals is to stop pollution and global warming which is making the oceans too warm for them.”可知，在作者看来，保护珊瑚虫的关键是减少污染、阻止全球变暖。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大白鲨Nicole从南非游到澳大利亚的这段向东穿越印度洋的旅程。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“It showed that she had swum from South Africa to Australia, around 11，100 kilometers, in just 99 days—a record breaking achievement.”可知，Nicole的澳大利亚之旅特别在其花了不到100天的时间游了11 100公里，这是一项破记录的成就。
6. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“More importantly, Nicole has shown us that separate populations of great white sharks may be more directly connected than previously thought”可知，大白鲨的联系比我们想象的要紧密。
7. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Great white sharks are one of the world's toughest travelers, which are regularly seen crossing extreme routes around the world's oceans.”可知，Nicole的深海游泳行为说明了大白鲨能在极端压力下生存。
8. A 文章出处题。文章主要介绍了大白鲨Nicole从南非游到澳大利亚的旅程，由此可知，文章最可能出现在报纸的“自然”部分。
Ⅲ. 1. achievement 2. Originating 3. ruled 4. Like 5. and 6. to increase 7. called
8. so 9. were replaced 10. formally
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了越剧的历史以及发展演变。
1. 考查名词。空处做表语，结合上文which is no可知，应填名词单数形式achievement，表示“这是一个不小的成就”。
2. 考查非谓语动词。此处originate与it构成主动关系，故用现在分词做状语；句首单词首字母大写。
3. 考查动词时态。根据下文during the Spring and Autumn Period可知，本句时态为一般过去时。
4. 考查连词。后跟名词做宾语，表示“像”，应用like；句首单词首字母大写。
5. 考查连词。结合上下文语境可知，lively和romantic为并列关系，应用连词and。
6. 考查非谓语动词。此处increase做目的状语，应用不定式。
7. 考查非谓语动词。此处call与troupe构成被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语。
8. 考查副词。修饰形容词popular，应用副词so。so … that …表示“如此……以至于……”。
9. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语all male troupes与replace构成被动关系，根据during the 1930s and 1940s可知，为一般过去时的被动语态；主语troupes为复数，be动词用were。
10. 考查副词。修饰动词adopt，应用副词formally。Period 2 Language focus on Reading(2)
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. There is a wide v__________ of patterns to choose from.
2. This could cause serious d__________ to the country's economy.
3. A f__________ can live both on land and in water.
4. At rest the i__________ looks like a dead leaf.
5. The ________(长度) of a paragraph depends on the information it conveys.
6. This book gives a detailed description of the disappearance of this ________(物种).
7. There were ________(大量) of photographs that were taken when we were on holiday.
8. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they are to ________(存活).
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2024泉州期末]
As the world deals with the rising temperatures brought by climate change, the demand for cooling solutions in hot, dry regions becomes increasingly urgent. However, traditional air conditioning systems produce massive greenhouse gases and use lots of energy.
Facing these challenges, a research team from McGill University, UCLA, and Princeton University have found an inexpensive, sustainable cooling method. Their approach not only offers a solution for cooling but also promises to address the problem of heatwaves during electricity blackouts.
The researchers set out to achieve a new standard in passive cooling(无动力制冷) within naturally conditioned buildings in hot climates such as Southern California. They aimed to address an important question: how can passive cooling techniques outperform traditional air conditioning units and improve indoor comfort
The key to this breakthrough lies in harnessing the potential of radiative(辐射的) cooling materials, specifically in the context of housing design. Traditionally, such materials have been employed to prevent roofs(屋顶) from overheating and improve heat rejection from cooling systems. However, the research team recognised that there is under explored potential in integrating these materials into building design—they can not only remove waste indoor heat but also drive regular and healthy air changes.
Lead author Remy Fortin stated, “We found we could maintain air temperatures several degrees below the surrounding temperature.” Remarkably, they achieved this success without giving up a healthy airing. This was never a piece of cake, considering air exchange can unintendedly introduce heat into the building when the goal is to keep the inside cooler than the outside.
The researchers are hopeful that their findings will be used to positively impact communities suffering from climatic heating and heatwaves. Salmaan Craig, the principal researcher, expressed their expectations: “We hope that materials scientists, designers, and engineers will be interested in these results and that our work will inspire more broader thinking for how to integrate breakthroughs in radiative cooling materials with simple but effective solutions.”
( ) 1. What is the primary purpose of the research
A. To prevent power shortages.
B. To improve air conditioners.
C. To realise eco friendly cooling.
D. To produce new cooling chemicals.
( ) 2. What is a fruit of the research besides lower indoor temperatures
A. Healthy air changes. B. Clear sunshine.
C. Cheap roof materials. D. Reduced coatings.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word “harnessing” in the Paragraph 4 mean
A. Taking care of. B. Losing sight of.
C. Keeping track of. D. Making use of.
( ) 4. What can be expected of future research according to Craig
A. Stricter limits on greenhouse gas emission.
B. Positive impact on community services.
C. New papers on housing design techniques.
D. More attention from different professionals.
B[2024泉州期末]
When it comes to sustainability(可持续性), Lauren Singer is the real deal. Known for her “Trash(垃圾) is for Tossers” blog and Package Free lifestyle shop, Singer is leading by example with a single mason jar(广口瓶) containing the only trash she's collected in eight years (yes, you read that correctly). With recent money support from some companies, Singer is focused on becoming the largest producer of sustainable products in the world.
It all started when Singer was studying at New York University. As an Environmental Science student, she got mad at a classmate for making much plastic trash, but later she found every single thing in her own fridge was in one way or another packaged in plastic. It turned out she was as bad. So, she decided to move from plastics and thought the only way was to learn how to make her own products. Then, while she was doing research online, she came across a blog called the “Zero Waste Home” started by a Californian family who live a completely zero waste life.
Her mind was completely blown. Originally, she thought she was doing the best for the planet by not using plastic. But the idea of producing no trash was so inspiring that she began her zero waste journey and explored the possibility of living a waste free life. She started by stopping buying packaged food and making her own products. Besides, instead of buying new clothing, she would buy things that were totally recycled, second hand. She was also downsized—had only the things that she really needed.
In 2014, Lauren Singer founded her blog, “Trash is for Tossers”， to document her waste free journey, as well as provide easy, practical tips and tricks to living sustainably. She is becoming increasingly popular and has even been invited to lecture at the United Nations to promote her zero waste lifestyle: “Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.” By taking simple action, everyone can contribute to the environment.
( ) 5. What can we learn about Lauren Singer
A. She founded a blog to collect trash.
B. She produced little trash in eight years.
C. She prefers to keep trash in mason jars.
D. She reduces the cost of sustainable products.
( ) 6. What does Paragraph 2 focus on
A. What inspired Singer's reflection on college life.
B. How Singer learned to make her own products.
C. What led to Singer's journey to zero waste.
D. How Singer thought about plastic free life.
( ) 7. What is the first step in Singer's new lifestyle
A. Giving up plastic products.
B. Buying second hand things.
C. Avoiding packaged food.
D. Providing practical recycling tips.
( ) 8. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Meet Zero Waste Activist Lauren Singer
B. Gather More Support to Ensure Sustainability
C. Trash is for Tossers—A Way to a Zero Waste Life
D. DIY Products—Contributions to a Better Environment
Ⅲ. 连句成文：逐句翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连接成一篇小短文。
1. 亚马孙雨林是世界上最大的雨林，在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面发挥着重要作用。(play a significant role in; maintain the fine balance of)
2. 它通过固定碳，并产生超过全球总量20%的氧气，使得地球生生不息。(fix; breathe life into)
3. 它通常被称为“地球之肺”。(be known as)
4. 亚马孙雨林是一个物种宝库，这些物种可用于食材或药材。(a treasure house; be used for)
5. 我们人类是雨林中这些不可替代的动植物所要面临的主要危险。(a danger to; irreplaceable)
6. 随着人类活动的影响不断扩大，濒危物种的名单变得更长，我们务必努力保护“地球之肺”。(in danger of; make great efforts)
【连句成文】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period 2 Language focus on Reading(2)
Ⅰ. 1. variety 2. damage 3. frog 4. insect 5. length 6. species 7. masses 8. survive
Ⅱ. 1—5 CADDB 6—8 CCA
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项如何在炎热气候中实现环保制冷的新研究，以及该研究的潜在应用和前景。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中“Facing these challenges, a research team from McGill University, UCLA, and Princeton University have found an inexpensive, sustainable cooling method.”可知，这项研究的主要目的是实现环保的制冷。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, the research team recognised that there is under explored potential in integrating these materials into building design—they can not only remove waste indoor heat but also drive regular and healthy air changes.”可知，除了降低室内温度外，这项研究还带来了健康的空气流通这一成果。
3. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“the potential of radiative cooling materials, specifically in the context of housing design”以及“However, the research team recognised that there is under explored potential in integrating these materials into building design—they can not only remove waste indoor heat but also drive regular and healthy air changes.”可知，这项突破的关键在于利用辐射冷却材料的潜力，特别是在住房设计方面。所以画线词意为“利用”。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段Salmaan Craig的话“We hope that materials scientists, designers, and engineers will be interested in these results and that our work will inspire more broader thinking for how to integrate breakthroughs in radiative cooling materials with simple but effective solutions.”可推知，他期望未来的研究会吸引来自不同领域的专业人士的关注。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是零废物活动家Lauren Singer如何开启自己的零垃圾之旅并创建了博客“Trash is for Tossers”，引领人们为环境做出应有的贡献。
5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Known for her ‘Trash is for Tossers’ blog and Package Free lifestyle shop, Singer is leading by example with a single mason jar containing the only trash she's collected in eight years (yes, you read that correctly).”可知，八年的时间里，Singer在一个广口瓶里收集着唯一的垃圾，这是让人不可思议的事情，由此可知，Singer在八年的时间里几乎没有制造垃圾。
6. C 段落大意题。根据第二段中“It all started when Singer was studying at New York University.”可知，Singer的“零垃圾”之旅始于大学时，结合尾句“Then, while she was doing research online, she came across a blog called the ‘Zero Waste Home’ started by a Californian family who live a completely zero waste life.”可知，Singer在网上看到过名为“零废物之家”的博客，由此可知，本段主要介绍了是什么启发Singer开始零垃圾之旅。
7. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She started by stopping buying packaged food and making her own products.”可知，Singer开始不再购买包装食品，而是自己制作产品，由此可知，Singer新生活方式的第一步是避免购买包装食品。
8. A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，Lauren Singer作为一个零垃圾活动家以“Trash is for Tossers”博客和零包装生活方式商店而闻名，她用自己的实际行动引领人们为环境做出贡献，所以A项“认识一下零垃圾活动家Lauren Singer”与本文的内容吻合，且概括了本文的主题，最适合做本文的标题。
Ⅲ. 1. The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 2. By fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen, it breathes life into the planet. 3. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. 4. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. 5. Yet we humans are a major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals in the rainforest. 6. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are to make great efforts to protect the “lungs of the planet”．Period 5 Extended reading(1)
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
The FDA(Food and Drug Administration) has begun testing frozen berries for hepatitis A(甲肝) and norovirus(诺如病毒). The research, which started in November and is expected to last for 18 months, was prompted by four frozen berry related outbreaks in the US between 1997 and 2016.① The three hepatitis A outbreaks in the US caused 405 people to get sick and 53 be in hospital, while the one norovirus outbreak made 136 people ill, according to the FDA.
The concern is that people don't always cook the frozen berries before using them.② Cooking would reduce or remove the pollution. Experts say the hepatitis A and norovirus could come from ill farm workers or polluted water or surfaces, like a harvesting basket. However, the FDA has given no specific guidance on how to prepare frozen berries meanwhile.③
Frozen berry virus outbreaks have been a bigger problem in Europe than in the US, but this country needs to take action, too, according to Donald W. Schaffner, a professor of food science at Rutgers University. His lab's recent research found that viruses can survive for two years being frozen.
“Just because there have not been outbreaks, you should still keep a close eye on it，” he said. “Washing is not going to be 100% effective. What you really need is good agricultural practices on farms to make sure sick workers are not working on farms and high quality water is used.④”
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. What does the underlined word “prompted” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Influenced. B. Attracted.
C. Caused. D. Produced.
( ) 2. What can be the reasons for the hepatitis A and norovirus
①sick workers on the farm ②poor quality water
③polluted harvesting tools ④cooked frozen berries
A. ①②③ B. ②③④
C. ①②④ D. ①③④
( ) 3. What will Schaffner probably agree with
A. Americans don't need to worry about the situation.
B. Washing the produce carefully is completely effective.
C. Viruses can survive in berries for at least two years.
D. High quality water is important in preventing viruses.
( ) 4. What's the main idea of the text
A. The FDA is conducting a survey on frozen fruit.
B. Frozen berries may lead to the disease outbreaks.
C. Hepatitis A outbreaks in the USA caused a great loss.
D. Frozen berry virus outbreaks have been a big problem.
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
1. 译文：_________________________________________________________
2. 译文：_________________________________________________________
3. 译文：_________________________________________________________
4. 译文：_________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2024张家口期末]
Do you feel guilty(内疚) about bad computer habits You might not even realize it. __1__ So you should break the following bad computer habits for a healthier digital life.
Snacking at the screen
__2__ However, crumbs(碎屑) can damage your keyboard and become a suitable place for bacteria to grow. Touching your skin after typing on a crumb filled keyboard might as well harm your skin.
Leaving the computer on around the clock
Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. __3__ Your computer and your energy bill will thank you.
Marathon gaming time
Gaming can be an attractive hobby, with hours flying by as you're addicted to the screen. However, over gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity(免疫), and even mental health issues. __4__ After an hour of gaming, a 10 minute break can do wonders.
Using public computers carelessly
Saving passwords on your personal computer is acceptable, but doing the same on public computers is a no no. It's extremely easy for someone with tech to know how to get those passwords and access your personal information. Be extremely careful when using public computers. __5__
So, in today's world, where digital wellness is becoming increasingly important, let's break bad habits and have a healthier, more mindful approach to our digital lives.
A. Remember to take a rest.
B. Make it a habit to shut it down when you're done for the day.
C. Who doesn't love eating snacks while looking through the web
D. However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself.
E. Don't you know a little comfort now could lead to a big headache later
F. Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines.
G. It's best to shut down your computer correctly to avoid any possible damage.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
Ⅲ. 读后续写。[2024河北名校联盟期末]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Never give up! Never give up！” chanted(吟诵) my two young children, Max and Charley, as they marched barefoot behind their grandmother Mia. They had just left the beach, where they had spent the day building sand castles and splashing in the waves. Now, Mia was leading Max and Charley on another adventure: They were seeking the ice cream truck, which was always difficult to find.
Over the years, Mia had become our family's symbol of positivity. It was not a title she earned without effort, however. When my dad died, Mia was only forty years old and was left to raise me and my ten year old brother alone. She experienced a deeply sad event that could easily make anyone feel significantly less happy. She had been the one who had to make the decision to remove our dad from life support fourteen days after he died in a car accident.
My mom could have lived under a black cloud. Instead, she challenged herself to find joy every day. She was always up for a new challenge, whether that was hiking across the steep(陡峭的), rocky road of a mountaintop in Austria to get a better view of the breathtaking landscape, or signing up for tap dancing classes at fifty. Leading by example, Mom taught us just how much one could achieve with a positive attitude.
She has taken the same approach in her relationship with her grandchildren. Before starting her adventure with Max and Charley on that hot July afternoon, Mia heard the familiar clang(叮当声) of the ice cream man's bell from her beach chair. She turned and saw him briefly, spotting his green shirt and catching the gleam of his waving bell before he turned and disappeared over the dunes(沙丘). But you need to be fast because he doesn't stay for very long after you hear his bell.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Max and Charley were disappointed when they didn't catch the truck in time that day. __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After about twenty minutes of walking, Max's faith in the mission began to waver(动摇). __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period 5 Extended reading(1)
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章改编自一篇新闻报道，介绍了1997年至2016年间，美国发生了四起与冷冻浆果有关的疫情，这促使了这项研究的开展。
一、 1—4 CADB
1. C 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文by four frozen berry related outbreaks in the US between 1997 and 2016可知，1997年至2016年间，美国发生了四起与冷冻浆果有关的疫情，这是促使这项研究开展的原因。由此可推知，画线单词意思为“造成，引起”。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Experts say the hepatitis A and norovirus could come from ill farm workers or polluted water or surfaces, like a harvesting basket.”可知，专家表示，甲型肝炎和诺如病毒可能来自生病的农场工人、受污染的水或收割器具表面，比如采收篮。
3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“What you really need is good agricultural practices on farms to make sure sick workers are not working on farms and high quality water is used.”可知，真正需要的是农场上良好的农业实践，以确保生病的工人不在农场工作，并使用高质量的水。由此可推知，Schaffner可能会认同高质量的水对预防病毒很重要。
4. B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The research, which started in November and is expected to last for 18 months, was prompted by four frozen berry related outbreaks in the US between 1997 and 2016.”可知，1997年至2016年间，美国发生了四起与冷冻浆果有关的疫情，这促使了这项研究的开展；再根据下文对病毒来源以及所需采取的措施的介绍可知，本文主要围绕“冷冻浆果可能导致疾病的暴发”这一主要观点展开。
二、 1. 分析：本句为主从复合句。主体部分“The research was prompted”使用了被动语态，主语后“which started in November and is expected to last for 18 months”构成非限制性定语从句。
译文：这项研究始于去年11月，预计将持续18个月，是由1997年至2016年美国爆发的四次与冷冻浆果有关的疫情推动的。
2. 分析：本句为主从复合句。主体部分是主系表结构，“that people don't always cook the frozen berries before using them”构成表语从句。
译文：令人担忧的是，人们在食用冷冻浆果之前并不总是煮熟它们。
3. 分析：本句为简单句。However为过渡词语，主体部分“the FDA has given no specific guidance”是主谓宾结构，on how to prepare frozen berries meanwhile为介词短语做后置定语，修饰前面的guidance。
译文：然而，与此同时，食品药品监督管理局并没有给出如何制备冷冻浆果的具体指导。
4. 分析：本句为主从复合句。“What you really need”是主语从句，“sick workers are not working on farms”和“high quality water is used”是由and连接的两个并列部分，做make sure的宾语。
译文：你真正需要的是农场良好的农业实践，以确保生病的工人不在农场工作，并且使用高质量的水。
Ⅱ. 1—5 DCBAF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种不良的电脑使用习惯，并指出了这些习惯对电脑和个人健康的潜在危害。
1. 根据上文“Do you feel guilty about bad computer habits You might not even realize it.”可知，此处强调的是你可能有诸多不良的电脑习惯，但是你本人没有意识到。D项“然而，你每天做的一些事情可能会伤害你的设备和你自己”中的some things指代上文的“不良的电脑习惯”，符合语境。
2. 根据本段主旨句Snacking at the screen可知，本段介绍的是对着电脑屏幕吃零食的坏习惯。C项“谁不喜欢边上网边吃零食呢”与本段主旨句呼应，符合语境。
3. 根据上文“Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity.”可知，此处强调的是一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会损耗它，浪费电力。B项“当你完成一天的工作时，养成关掉电脑的习惯”承上启下，此处强调应该养成关电脑的习惯，符合语境。
4. 根据上文“However, over gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity, and even mental health issues.”可知，此处强调过度玩电脑游戏的消极后果，下文应给出解决措施。A项“记得要休息”承接上文，符合语境。
5. 根据上文“Be extremely careful when using public computers.”可知，此处指出使用公共电脑要小心，下文应该给出具体建议。F项“要永久退出电脑，永远不要在公共电脑上保存密码”承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ. One possible version：
Max_and_Charley_were_disappointed_when_they_didn't_catch_the_truck_in_time_that_day._Mia's eyes sparkled and she said, “Never give up！” She explained that the truck might be gone, but they could find it at its next stop. They walked block after block. Not knowing which direction the truck had taken, they had to make their best guess about where to search. The kids' tiny legs were tired, but they carried on regardless, continuing to chant, “Never give up！”
After_about_twenty_minutes_of_walking,_Max's_faith_in_the_mission_began_to_waver. He wondered out loud, “Maybe we should give up. We have been walking pretty far and haven't seen the truck yet.” Then he collapsed, resting his aching legs. Mia bent over and patted him gently on the shoulder. Wearing an encouraging smile, Mia comforted, “Never give up！” With Charley nodding in agreement, Max looked up, thought for a while and jumped to his feet. Just two blocks later, they found it. The kids screamed with excitement, “Never give up！” Simple though it is, that phrase has become our battle cry for the challenges we face.Period 4 Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. N__________ else in the world can a tourist find cheaper tailoring(裁缝业) than in Hong Kong.
2. This is the important thing you can do to keep a conversation on t__________．
3. The blue w__________ is the largest living thing on the planet.
4. Listening passively to others' complaints could damage your i__________ and give others the impression that you agree with them.
5. If wild animals cannot find enough food or their h__________ are destroyed, their number may decrease.
6. It is 250 years since the wolf became ________(灭绝的) in Britain.
7. Some ________(鲨鱼) have very sharp teeth and may attack people.
8. They have taught a new trick to the ________(海豚).
9. Foot and mouth disease affects cows, ________(鹿), goats, pigs and sheep.
10. Unemployment is so ________(损害的) both to individuals and to communities.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A[2024温州期末改编]
Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up the heat on a frog in a pot of water, and the frog won't hop out. Unaware of the slight increase in heat, it will stay put until—well, until it dies. When it comes to the effect of rising global temperatures on amphibians(两栖动物), the frog boiling fable is more than just a metaphor(隐喻).
Climate change is becoming one of the biggest threats to frogs and other amphibians, according to a major study published in the journal Nature. Between 2004 and 2022, rising temperatures became the primary reason why more than 100 amphibian species were slipping towards extinction.
The spread of disease among frogs and the destruction of their habitats have long been recognized as reasons why the number of amphibians is decreasing. But this new study establishes climate change as a major risk for amphibians around the world, too. The soft skinned animals lack the fur and feathers to help adjust their temperature in this hotter and more drought stricken world.
Less attention is paid to frogs and other amphibians compared to more well known groups like birds. But losing amphibians would be more disastrous because they often act as a key link in the food web of ecosystems, wolfing insects down and, in turn, being eaten by larger predators(捕食者). “Without those amphibians to fill that role, we will see the breakdown of this food web，” said Neam, who works for an Austin based environmental group.
Luckily, habitat protection and other conservation measures have been taken to help recover more than five dozen amphibians from Costa Rica to Malaysia. “It's time to really commit the resources to actually achieving the change that we want，” said Jennifer Luedtke, an amphibian group leader of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. “Amphibians will be the better for it and so will we.”
( ) 1. How is the topic introduced
A. By listing facts. B. By explaining ideas.
C. By sharing a story. D. By raising a question.
( ) 2. What is the main reason for the decrease of the number of amphibians according to the new study
A. The spread of disease. B. The loss of habitats.
C. The rise of temperature. D. The lack of feathers.
( ) 3. What will happen if the number of amphibians decreases
A. The food chain will be destroyed.
B. Wolves will depend more on insects.
C. Predators will be the key role of the web.
D. The ecosystem will become more diverse.
( ) 4. How does Luedtke feel about the future of amphibians
A. Worried. B. Hopeful. C. Uncertain. D. Curious.
B[2024泰州期末]
We have all heard how plastic pollution has overflowed every corner of the world. Recently, scientists have made a surprising discovery that microplastics are even found in the human bloodstream.
After analyzing blood samples(样本) from 22 healthy people, researchers found microplastics in 17 of them! Most of the microplastics were classified as polyethylene terephthalate(PET), which is commonly found in drink bottles, and there were small amounts of polyethylene, which makes up plastic bags.
Although the exact chemical effects of microplastics on our bodies are unknown, it is clear that the increasing amounts of plastic in our environment could bring a risk to human cells in the future.
Microplastics were never considered a significant threat to the atmosphere until recent studies began to reveal that they could be found everywhere across the skies. For example, scientists recently discovered the presence of microplastics in the Pyrenees Mountain Range in Europe, believed to have arrived by rain or snow.
The low mass of microplastics makes them spread through air, which is why they can travel hundreds, even thousands, of miles from their source. They are also likely to spread through waste water, oceans, and even soil.
Microplastics that are being blown and swept into the air have the potential to affect air quality and cloud formation. In fact, massive microplastics in the air could form such a kind of clouds that tend to stick around longer than naturally formed clouds.
With microplastics accumulating in the air we breathe, there is also an increasing concern that they may affect human lungs. The new study will allow scientists to better understand the impacts on human health and is a reminder of the need to find other replacements for plastic.
( ) 5. What have scientists discovered about microplastics recently
A. They are mainly made up of PET.
B. They're a major source of pollution.
C. They exist everywhere in the world.
D. They've found their way into human bodies.
( ) 6. Why is the Pyrenees Mountain Range mentioned in the fourth paragraph
A. To present a fact. B. To provide evidence.
C. To study a phenomenon. D. To introduce a topic.
( ) 7. What does the underlined word “accumulating” in the last paragraph mean
A. Becoming plentiful. B. Keeping declining.
C. Staying unchanged. D. Remaining unnoticed.
( ) 8. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A book review. B. An academic paper.
C. A scientific report. D. An environment brochure.
Ⅲ. 七选五。[2024邢台期末]
In today's fast paced world, music has become an important part of our lives. Music training not only provides people with the ability to appreciate and create music, but it also offers many benefits that extend beyond the area of melody(旋律). __1__．
Improving cognitive(认知的) abilities
Music training has been proven to improve cognitive abilities in various ways. Learning to play an instrument involves reading sheet music and memorizing melodies.__2__. Researchers have also found that music training can boost some skills, which are crucial for mathematics and engineering.
Expressing emotions
__3__. It allows people to express their emotions and connect with others. Music training provides a platform for self expression, enabling individuals to channel their thoughts and emotions creatively. Learning to play an instrument or sing can be a cathartic(宣泄感情的) experience, providing an emotional outlet that words alone cannot achieve.
__4__
Learning music requires long time practice, which needs a lot of attention and effort. Music training teaches individuals the value of hard work, determination and devotion. Through consistent practice, people have the ability to focus for a long time, a skill that goes beyond music and can be applied to academic and professional pursuits.
Learning social skills
Participating in music training often involves group activities such as ensemble(乐团) performances or band practices. Working together with fellow musicians fosters teamwork, communication and cooperation. It encourages people to actively listen and respond and helps them master social skills. __5__．
A. Music is a global language
B. Making individuals energetic
C. Developing patience and focus
D. Such activities improve memory and attention
E. The benefits of listening to music are unlimited
F. As you know, they are valuable in all areas of life
G. It is a meaningful experience that promotes personal growth
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
Ⅳ. 应用文写作。[2024张家口期末]
假定你是李华，你校交换生Peter打算在下学期创办音乐社团，并邀请你参加。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示愿意参加；
2. 你的想法和建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Period 4 Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 1. Nowhere 2. track 3. whale 4. image 5. habitats 6. extinct 7. sharks
8. dolphin(s) 9. deer 10. damaging
Ⅱ. 1—5 CCABD 6—8 BAC
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现气候变化导致两栖动物数量减少，并分析了两栖动物数量减少会带来的影响。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Everyone knows this: Slowly turn up the heat on a frog in a pot of water, and the frog won't hop out. Unaware of the slight increase in heat, it will stay put until—well, until it dies.”可知，作者通过分享“温水煮青蛙”的故事引入文章话题。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Between 2004 and 2022, rising temperatures became the primary reason why more than 100 amphibian species were slipping towards extinction.”可知，根据这项新研究，导致两栖动物数量减少的主要原因是温度的升高。
3. A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Without those amphibians to fill that role, we will see the breakdown of this food web”可知，如果两栖动物的数量减少，食物链将被破坏。
4. B 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Amphibians will be the better for it and so will we.”可知，Luedtke对两栖动物的未来充满希望。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微塑料污染问题的新发现及其潜在影响。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, scientists have made a surprising discovery that microplastics are even found in the human bloodstream.”可知，科学家最近发现了微塑料已经进入人体。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中For example可推知，第四段提到比利牛斯山脉是为了提供证据，证明微塑料无处不在，它们可以通过雨水或雪水被带到任何地方。
7. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文also an increasing concern that they may affect human lungs可推知，人们越来越担心的是空气中微塑料的积累会对人类肺部产生影响。画线词与A项同义，意为“积累，变得更多”。
8. C 文章出处题。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现微塑料无处不在，甚至已经进入人体，影响人体健康。由此推知，文章应该出自一份科学报告。
Ⅲ. 1—5 GDACF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐培训的好处。
1. 根据上文“Music training not only provides people with the ability to appreciate and create music, but it also offers many benefits that extend beyond the area of melody.”可知，音乐训练不仅能帮助人们学会欣赏、创作音乐，还能带来音乐领域外的好处。结合下文各段小标题可知，G项“这是一个促进个人成长的有意义的经历”承上启下，符合语境。
2. 根据上文“Learning to play an instrument involves reading sheet music and memorizing melodies.”可知，空处需说明这些活动对认知能力的影响，与D项“这些活动提高了记忆力和注意力”表达的意思一致。
3. 根据下文“It allows people to express their emotions and connect with others.”可知，空处应有It的指代物，它允许人们表达自己的情感并与他人联系。A项“音乐是一种全球性的语言”符合语境。
4. 根据第四段内容可知，学习音乐是一个长期的过程，需要投入大量的精力。在培训中，人们通过持续的练习可以提高专注力。C项“培养耐心和专注力”能够概括段落主旨，符合语境。
5. 根据上文“Working together with fellow musicians fosters teamwork, communication and cooperation. It encourages people to actively listen and respond and helps them master social skills.”可知，音乐培训需要成员通力协作，能够培养参与者的社会技能。F项“正如你所知道的，它们在生活的各个领域都是宝贵的”承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
Dear_Peter，
I am thrilled to hear about your plan to establish a music association next semester and would like to express my enthusiasm for joining.
I believe this is a fantastic initiative that will bring together students from all backgrounds to share and appreciate music. As a participant, I have a few suggestions. Firstly, we could organize regular performances to showcase our talent and engage the campus community. Secondly, inviting guest speakers or musicians to conduct workshops would enhance our skills and knowledge.
I am looking forward to contributing to the success of our music association.
Yours,_
Li_Hua
