课时把关练
Part I Listening and Speaking
基础知识练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of d （干旱） and poor harvests.
2. Weather satellites have observed a ring of v （火山的）ash around the earth.
3. Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could d （伤害） your neck.
4. A r （营救）worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
5. The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological d （灾难）.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The three men took turns driving，and they drove （日日夜夜） for three days.
2. Do you mean damage adds up to （超过）500，000 dollars
3. You need （至少） ten pounds if you go to the cinema.
4. Looking at the sun directly without dark glasses can （损害） your eyes.
5. Two hours later，the sailors （逃离） the sinking ship on a little boat.
6. After he had been trapped for more than 40 hours，he was saved by （救援人员）.
7. They promised that they would the workers （给……提供） technical support.
8. Mr Brown and a partner （建立） on their own and built a successful fashion company.
9. The （火山喷发） almost frightened the travelers to death.
10. We （躲避） the rain that was pouring down in a bus stop.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. To enjoy themselves，the children decided （slide） the grassy slope.
2. Firefighters worked for two hours （rescue） people from the building.
3. It is a pity that the 500-year-old wooden tower （destroy） in the fire last year.
4. The boy was deeply （affect） by the news of his mother’s death.
5. Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could to helping the poor in the area hit by （flood）.
6. What I learn about the violence is that it has caused at least three （death）.
7. A bomb destroyed two buildings and （damage） several others.
8. Millions of people will face starvation as a result of the （dry）.
能力提升练
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. 那个问题太复杂了，我无法解决。
①The problem is . （too...to...句型）
②The problem is . （so...that...句型）
2. 我发现那把椅子坐起来很舒服。
①I find that the chair . （be +adj.+to do）
②I find that . （it 作形式主语）
3. 飓风严重影响了这一地区。
①The hurricane this district. （affect）
②The hurricane this district.（effect）
V.完形填空
When the Hurricane Laura hit the town of Lake Charles，a（n） 1 was ordered. But for the 19 newly-born babies，leaving was pretty much 2 . Members at the hospital were 3 that they’d remain with them until the danger passed.
With the strong wind through the town，Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses，and some other 4 stayed behind in the NICU， 5 their little babies in turn. Later，for their safety，they sent the babies to their main campus across the 6 in under two hours. The whole hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 7 . Unfortunately，during the night the air conditioning was 8 out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane，Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent 9 to his Facebook page.
The storm over，the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn’t been 10 by the hurricane.“This morning，the babies were 11 . Thank Goodness，I finally got a couple of hours of 12 ，”Bossano said. It’s important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babies when they don’t even know the 13 of their homes.“In a small town like this，people have to 14 . I’m proud of them.”Bossano 15 .
1. A. rescue B. movement C. evacuation D. arrangement
2. A. impossible B. necessary C. important D. suitable
3. A. frightened B. worried C. annoyed D. determined
4. A. soldiers B. parents C. doctors D. friends
5. A. looking for B. caring for C. asking for D. waiting for
6. A. town B. country C. school D. university
7. A. way B. trip C. day D. plan
8. A. knocked B. turned C. checked D. called
9. A. tips B. titles C. topics D. posts
10. A. applied B. trapped C. suffered D. affected
11. A. dangerous B. safe C. awake D. calm
12. A. sleep B. focus C. energy D. entertainment
13. A. content B. design C. condition D. impression
14. A. quit B. suffer C. pull together D. get together
15. A. admired B. added C. introduced D. advanced
课时把关练
Part I Listening and Speaking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. drought 2. volcanic 3. damage 4. rescue 5. disaster
Ⅱ. 1. day and night 2. more than 3. at least 4. do damage to 5. got away from 6. rescue workers
7. provide，with 8. set up 9. volcanic eruption 10. took shelter from
Ⅲ.1. to slide 句意：为了玩得愉快，孩子们决定从草坡上滑下去。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。
2. to rescue 句意：消防员奋战两个小时，将众人从大楼中救出。此处作目的状语，所以用动词不定式短语。
3. was destroyed 句意：遗憾的是，那座有500年历史的木塔去年毁于大火。destroy和tower有逻辑上的动宾关系，根据时间状语可知要用一般过去时的被动语态。
4. affected 句意：男孩因妈妈去世的消息而深受影响。be deeply affected深受影响。
5. floods 句意：王先生下定决心尽其所能来帮助洪水灾区的穷人们。flood意为“洪水，水灾”时常用复数形式，如the worst floods for over fifty years五十多年来最严重的水灾。
6. deaths 句意：关于暴乱我了解到它至少已造成了3人死亡。death为可数名词，此处用其复数形式。
7. damaged 句意：一枚炸弹摧毁了两座大楼，还破坏了其他几座。由destroyed可知此处填动词的过去式。
8. drought 句意：由于干旱，数百万人将面临饥饿。as a result of由于，由空前的定冠词the可知此处填名词。
Ⅳ. 1. ①too complex for me to solve ②so complex that I couldn’t solve it
2. ①is comfortable to sit on ②it is comfortable to sit on the chair
3. ①seriously affected ②had a serious effect on
V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风“劳拉”袭击莱克查尔斯镇时，在民众已经撤离的情况下，医护人员照顾19个无法离开的新生婴儿的故事，体现了医护人员的奉献精神。
1. C 根据下一句中的leaving可知，当飓风袭击莱克查尔斯镇时，政府下令撤离（evacuation），让民众离开这个地方。
2. A 根据But可知，该句和上一句之间是转折关系。由此推知，在政府下令人们撤离的情况下，19名新生儿几乎不可能（impossible）离开。
3. D 根据they’d remain with them until the danger passed可知，19名新生儿不可能离开，医院的工作人员决定（determined）陪在这些孩子身边。
4. C 根据上一段中的Members at the hospital were...that they’d remain with them可知，陪伴孩子的是医院里的工作人员。结合选项可知，只有C项符合条件。
5. B 根据常识可知，医生和护士照顾（care for）新生儿重症监护病房里的孩子们。最后一段中的taking care of the babies也是提示。
6. A 根据第一段中的the town of Lake Charles可知，Lake Charles是个城镇。因此此处指他们在不到两小时的时间里把孩子们送到了城镇（town）另一边的主院区。
7. B 将新生儿送到城镇另一边的主院区是一次出行（trip）。
8. A 根据unfortunately和后面的water was cut off可知，空调不运转了。knock out意为“击倒，破坏”。飓风破坏了空调，符合语境。
9. D 根据空后的his Facebook page可知，Bossano医生在他的Facebook页面上发帖（post）来安慰那些焦虑的父母。
10. D 根据常识可知，新生儿要被送到必要服务没有受到飓风影响（affect）的新生儿重症监护病房。
11. B 根据后面的Thank Goodness可知，新生儿没有受到影响，很安全（safe）。
12. A 飓风过去了，新生儿安然无恙，医生终于可以睡（sleep）几个小时了。
13. C 飓风来临时，医生和护士全身心地投入到照顾那些新生儿上。他们甚至不知道自己家里的状况（condition）。
14. C 镇子小，当灾难来临时，人们就必须团结一致（pull together）和灾难作斗争。
15. B 在该段前半部分，Bossano说了一段话，该段最后“In a small town like this，people have to . I’m proud of them.”是对上面说的话的补充（add）。课时把关练
Part II Reading and Thinking
基础知识练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. I was s （震惊的）to hear the news that a great fire broke out in the factory.
2. Surgeons placed a m （金属） band around his knee cap to help support the leg.
3. With its 10-meter-long pipe，people who are t （困住）in the ruins，will be able to get supplies including oxygen and water.
4. I was looking for my handbag，which was b （埋在） under a pile of old newspapers.
5. My brother told me he could guess the meaning of the word from the c （上下文）.
6. The man took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great e （努力）.
7. The air we b （呼吸）in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
8. If a neighbor s （遭受）an illness，offer to do the grocery shopping.
9. Babbitt’s team conducted the research to find out e （电） consumption of the devices.
10. Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned b （砖块） of different ages.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The long cruel winter （结束） at last and a gentle warm spring was coming.
2. They （遭受） health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation（辐射）.
3. On the vast fields，one sees （只有） the wheat billowing in the wind.
4. After the heavy flood two months ago，the whole village was left （成为废墟）.
5. The treasure which was （挖出） of the earth was a box of gold coins.
6. Soon a strong wind passed through and （吹走） the clouds in the sky.
7. If you don’t know how to pronounce the word，you’d better （查阅它） in the dictionary.
8. （……的数目） companies which offer college graduates jobs has increased.
9. （成千上万的）people attended the opening ceremony in the workers’ stadium.
10. He was still （震惊） from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. By the time we got to the top of the mountain，my friend and I were quite out of （breathe）.
2. Firemen have to break the door down to reach the people （trap） inside.
3. In his life he set an example of bravery and （wise） to others.
4. When I finally got to the cinema，the movie had already come to end.
5. Nearly one （three）of the nation felt the earth-quake at that time.
6. The audience applauded when the chairman got up on his （foot） to speak.
7. I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I （shock） when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
8. The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found （suffer） from early Alzheimer’s（阿尔茨海默病）. He was losing his memory.
能力提升练
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. 学生跟着老师进了实验室。
①Students came into the lab， .（非谓语动词作伴随状语）
②Students came into the lab.（定语从句）
2. 我刚到家就发现我把夹克落在操场上了。
①The moment I got home，I found I
. （leave +宾语+宾补）
②The moment I got home，I found on the playground. （find +宾语+宾补）
Ⅴ. 单句写作
1. 那个男孩有点儿害怕，因此他让灯整个晚上都亮着。（have... doing）
2. 天气这么暖和，看起来好像已经是春天了一样。（as if/as though）
3. 他们无论到什么地方都会受到热烈的欢迎。（everywhere引导的状语从句）
4. 他毕业后不久，就到了一个学校教英语。（soon after）
5. 我喜欢早晨锻炼，因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜。（sth. is +adj.+ to do）
VI.课文语法填空
A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，in which many people died and many
1. （injure）. People were greatly shocked 2. nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay in 3. （ruin）. All the electricity was cut off and people began to wonder 4. long the disaster would last. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
The people of Tangshan didn’t lose hope because 150，000 5. （soldier） were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best 6. （dig） out those who were trapped. They also built shelters for the 7. （survive）. Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. Slowly，the city began to come back 8. life.
It was said that before the earthquake，strange things happened in the countryside. The water in the village wells 9. （rise） and fell. Fish jumped out of the ponds. Strange noises were heard in the sky，but people thought little of 10. （they）.
VII.阅读理解
The scientific study of earthquakes is comparatively new. Until the 18th century，few factual descriptions of earthquakes were recorded，and the natural causes of earthquakes were not well understood.
The earliest earthquake for which we have descriptive information occurred in China in 1177 BC. The Chinese earthquake catalog（目录） describes several dozen large earthquakes in China during the next few thousand years. Earthquakes in Europe were mentioned as early as 580 BC，but the earliest for which we have some descriptive information occurred in the mid-16th century. The earliest known earthquakes in Americas were in Mexico in the late 14th century and in Peru in 1471，but descriptions of the effects were not well recorded. By the 17th century，descriptions of the effects of earthquakes were being published around the world.
The most widely felt earthquakes in the recorded history of North America were a series that occurred in 1811~1812 near New Madrid，Missouri. A great earthquake，whose magnitude was reported to have been about 8.0，occurred on the morning of December 16，1811. Another great earthquake occurred on January 23，1812，and a third，the strongest yet，on February 7，1812. Aftershocks （余震） were nearly continuous between these great earthquakes and continued for months afterwards. These earthquakes were felt by people as far away as Boston and Denver. Because the population in these regions was small，the destruction of human life and property was slight.
The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 was one of the most destructive in the recorded history of North America—the earthquake and the fire that followed killed nearly 700 people and left the city in ruins.
1. When did published descriptions of the effects of earthquakes become popular in the world
A. In the 1300s. B. In the 1400s. C. In the 1500s. D. In the 1600s.
2. What do we know about the earthquakes in 1811~1812 in North America
A. They killed a large number of people. B. They occurred in San Francisco.
C. They could be felt very far away. D. They almost destroyed entire cities.
3. What can we infer from the passage
A. Few earthquakes were scientifically studied before the 18th century.
B. Earthquakes can be avoided with the development of technology.
C. Most of the early earthquakes caused little damage.
D. People haven’t found the causes of earthquakes so far.
4. What’s the best title for this passage
A. The scientific study of earthquakes
B. Earthquakes in history
C. The effects of earthquakes on humans
D. Why earthquakes occur
VIII.七选五
Meteorologists（气象学家） love hurricanes because they are wonders of nature. But if you’re on a ship at the sea or in a house on the beach，a hurricane is not so pretty. 1 At the shore they can punch out（砸碎）windows，knock down trees，or blow away the roofs from houses.
2 Hurricanes can push the ocean water toward the shore，building it up into a huge，rushing tide called a storm surge. Water level at the shore can rise 20 feet in just a few hours. The most deadly hurr-icane in the history of the United States happened in 1900，when Galveston，Texas was struck. 3 These days，with more and more people living in coastal cities，experts predict that if a hurricane hit without warning，the death toll could be even higher.
4 Meteorologists can now track the path a hurricane takes and predict where it is likely to hit days in advance. When Hurricane Isabel swept toward the North Carolina coast in 2003，the National Hurricane Center was able to make forecasts five days ahead，and scientists were off by only one hour in their prediction of when Isabel’s eye would make landfall. The information collected by the hurricane hunters improves the accuracy of such forecasts by 30 percent. 5
A. The hurricane happened without warning.
B. So thousands of lives have been saved.
C. It is hard to predict the time and the path of a hurricane.
D. In the big storm surge more than 6，000 people were killed.
E. But scientists have learned a lot about hurricanes since 1900.
F. The screaming winds and enormous waves can overturn a ship.
G. The most dangerous part of a hurricane’s destruction is flooding.
课时把关练
Part II Reading and Thinking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. shocked 2. metal 3. trapped 4. buried 5. context 6. effort 7. breathe 8. suffers
9. electricity 10. bricks
Ⅱ. 1. came to an end 2. suffer from 3. nothing but 4. in ruins 5. dug out 6. blew away 7. look it up 8. The number of 9. Tens of thousands of 10. in shock
Ⅲ. 1. breath 句意：等我和朋友爬到山顶的时候，我们已经是上气不接下气了。out of breath意为“气喘吁吁”。
2. trapped 句意：消防人员必须破门而入，才能救出困在里面的人。trap和people有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式作定语。
3. wisdom 句意：他的一生为人们树立了勇敢和智慧的榜样。所填的词和bravery并列作of的宾语，所以用名词形式。
4. an 句意：我最终到达电影院时，电影已经结束了。come to an end意为“结束”，是固定搭配。
5. third 句意：那时全国接近三分之一的人感觉到了地震。分数的表示方法：分子基数词，分母序数词；分子大于一，分母加-s。
6. feet 句意：主持人站起来讲话时，听众鼓掌欢迎。get up on one’s feet意为“站起来”。
7. was shocked shock和主语I有逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示过去发生的事，所以填was shocked。
8. suffering 句意：65岁的史蒂夫 古德温被发现患有早期阿尔茨海默病。他正在丧失记忆。find sb. doing sth.意为“发现某人正在做某事”，现在分词短语作宾补，表示主动和进行。
Ⅳ. 1. ①following the teacher students与follow为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
② who followed the teacher 该句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。
2. ① had left my jacket on the playground 此处为“leave +宾语+介词短语作宾补”。
② my jacket left my jacket 和leave 为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
Ⅴ. 1. The boy was kind of afraid，so he had the light burning all night long.
2. It is so warm that it seems as if/as though it were spring already.
3. Everywhere they went，they received warm welcome.
4. Soon after he graduated，he went to teach English in a school.
5. I like to work out in the morning，because the air is so fresh to breathe.
VI.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了唐山大地震震前、震中、地震造成的损失、震后救援以及重建工作等情况。
1. were injured many后省略了people，injure与之有逻辑上的动宾关系，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. because 根据语意可知，上下文是因果关系，所以填because。
3. ruins in ruins意为“严重破坏”，是固定搭配。
4. how 根据句意可知，此处表示“多长时间”，所以填how，构成how long短语。
5. soldiers soldier是可数名词，根据前面的数字可知，该词要用复数形式。
6. to dig try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽最大努力做某事”。
7. survivors 根据前面的the可知，所填的词是名词。survivor是可数名词，所以用复数形式。
8. to come back to life意为“恢复生机”。
9. rose 所填的词和fell并列，所以用过去式。
10. them 所填的词作介词的宾语，所以用代词的宾格。
VII.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了历史上有记载的几次大地震。
1. D 根据第二段最后一句“By the 17th century，descriptions of the effects of earthquakes were being published around the world.”可知，答案为D。
2. C 根据第三段中的“These earthquakes were felt by people as far away as Boston and Denver.”可知，答案为C。
3. A 根据第一段中的“Until the 18th century，few factual descriptions of earthquakes were recorded，and the natural causes of earthquakes were not well understood.”可知，答案为A。
4. B 通读全文可知，本文简要介绍了历史上有记载的几次大地震，故答案为B。
VIII.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。飓风是大自然的奇迹，但是飓风会给人们带来灾难。随着科学技术的发展，气象学家可以准确地预测飓风。
1. F 上文提到on a ship at the sea or in a house on the beach，下文介绍的是对房子的危害。由此可知，所填的句子应该介绍对船的危害，所以选F项。
2. G 根据下文提到的ocean water和所举的例子可知，本段讲述的是飓风引起的洪水灾害，所以选G项。
3. D 上文举的例子是1900年发生在美国的飓风，根据上文提到的The most deadly可知，应该是有很多人死亡，D项符合语境。
4. E 本段中提到科学家们提前五天就对飓风作出了预测。由此可知，E项可作为本段的主题句。
5. B 前面提到科学家对此类飓风的预测准确率提高了30%，B项“因此挽救了成千上万人的生命”是其结果。课时把关练
Part III Discovering Useful Structure & Listening and Talking
词汇专项练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. It caused big fires，storms，acid rain，and even earthquakes and v （火山）eruptions.
2. It is known to all that an active volcano can e （喷发）at any time.
3. Many buildings were damaged by the h （飓风） and a lot of people became homeless.
4. All of the family were lucky to s （幸存） the terrible disaster and lead a happy life.
5. The plant makes plastic-covered steel p （管子） for the oil and gas industries.
6. Do you have your milk d （递送）to your house every day
7. The government has declared a state of e （紧急状态） following the earthquake.
8. So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，c （沉着的），healthier
9. They’re more sensitive to the environment，which is how they s （生存）.
10. Caffeine，a chemical typically found in coffee，has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food s （供应）
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The doctor told him to （与……保持距离） such foods and drinks to lose weight.
2. The boy （抓住） the bush until someone climbed down the cliff to rescue him.
3. A monument was （竖起） over the place in memory of those heroes.
4. They were （阻止） going on holiday by their lack of money.
5. When the dam was （处于危险中），the whole village rushed out to repair it.
6. When she （醒来），Mrs Brown found herself in a hospital.
7. I love the feeling of eating a packed lunch （在户外）.
8. I happened to have some money （手头上），so I bought two copies of the book.
9. Having found the old lady was lost，he （自愿开车） her home.
10. About 70 percent of the surface of the earth （被覆盖） water.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. The small mountainous village was recently visited by a serious volcanic （erupt）.
2. At the beginning of the term，students （supply） with a list of books they are expected to read.
3. She heard the wind （whistle） through the trees and the howl of a distant wolf.
4. When coming across complicated problems，he would take them （calm）.
5. That was the first time Dad had depended on me in a moment of （emergent）.
语法专项练
Ⅳ.语法专练（用适当的关系代词填空）
1. The problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
2. I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.
3. The research found that people keep fit are more likely to have larger brains，better memories and clearer thinking.
4. The man with you shook hands just now is our headmaster.
5. Creating an atmosphere in employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
6. Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed.
7. Nowadays，can we find a person has not experienced online shopping
8. Everything is about a character can help us to understand him.
9. I’ve become good friends with some of the students I met in the English speech contest.
10. Several days later most of the buildings had been damaged were repaired.
V.语法填空
Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest hurricanes ever to hit the United States. 1，833 people died in the hurricane and the floods that 1. （follow） in late August 2005，and millions of others were left
2. （home）along the Gulf Coast and in New Orleans.
Katrina formed in about 200 miles southeast of the Bahamas on 23 August，2005. By the time it made
3. （it） way to Southern Florida on 25 August，Katrina was just a Category One hurricane. While it caused some floods and two deaths during its first landfall，it appeared to be just another hurricane in an
4. （act）hurricane season. 5. （surprising），Katrina strengthened into a Category Five hurricane on 28 August，with winds 6. （blow） at about 280 kph.
The National Guard was called in to help people leave dangerous areas. Thousands looked for shelter in the New Orleans Convention Center，7. was extremely crowded.
Government officials have tried to learn from the disaster and carried out better environmental and communication plans. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers have rebuilt the levee（堤坝） system，making it 8. ___________________（high）. The city of New Orleans has improved people’s access 9. disaster information. For example，they have 10. e-mail and text message system called Nola Ready that
13，000 people have signed up for.
课时把关练
Part III Discovering Useful Structure & Listening and Talking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. volcano 2. erupt 3. hurricane 4. survive 5. pipes 6. deliver 7. emergency
8. calmer 9. survive 10. supply
Ⅱ. 1. stay away from 2. held on to 3. put up 4. prevented from 5. in danger 6. woke up 7. in the open air 8. on hand 9. volunteered to drive 10. is covered with
Ⅲ. 1. eruption 句意：这个小山村最近遇到了一次严重的火山爆发。所填的词被形容词修饰，所以用名词形式。eruption意为“喷发”。
2. are supplied 句意：在学期开始的时候，学生们会得到一份他们需要阅读的书籍清单。students和supply之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。
3. whistling 句意：她听见风吹过树林，远处传来狼的嗥叫。hear... doing sth.意为“听到……正在做某事”。
4. calmly 句意：遇到复杂的问题时，他总是沉着应付。修饰动词要用副词形式。
5. emergency 句意：那是爸爸第一次在紧急情况下依靠我。所填的词作介词的宾语，所以用名词形式。
Ⅳ. 1. which/that 先行词是the problems，定语从句中缺少宾语，所以填which/that。
2. whose a couple是先行词，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，相当于the children of whom。
3. who 先行词是people，关系词在从句中作主语，所以填who。
4. whom 先行词是the man，关系词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以填whom。
5. which 分析句子结构可知，本题是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，所以填which。
6. whose 分析句子结构可知，关系词在定语从句中作定语，所以填whose。
7. who/that 定语从句的先行词是a person，指人，所填的词引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，所以填who/that。
8. that 本题中的先行词是everything，关系词在句中作主语，所以用that引导定语从句。
9. who/whom/that 先行词是students，关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填who/whom/that。
10. that 先行词是buildings，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以填that。
V. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2005年的超级飓风“卡特里娜”带来的巨大灾难。
1. followed 考查时态。本文叙述的是2005年发生的事情，故使用一般过去时。
2. homeless 考查形容词。所填词作主语补足语，对主语millions of others进行补充说明，所以用homeless。
3. its 考查代词。make one’s way to意为“前往……”。
4. active 考查形容词。所填词作定语修饰名词词组hurricane season，所以用形容词active。
5. Surprisingly 考查副词。所填词作状语修饰整个句子，所以用副词形式。
6. blowing 考查非谓语动词。此处为“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构。当宾语和作宾语补足语的动词之间是主动关系时，要使用动词-ing形式。
7. which 考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the New Orleans Convention Center，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
8. higher 考查比较级。本句使用比较级表示与过去相比，现在的堤坝更高，故填higher。
9. to 考查介词。access to...意为“使用或见到……的机会或权利”，是固定搭配。
10. an 考查冠词。此处泛指一个邮件和短信系统，且e-mail的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。课时把关练
Part IV Reading for Writing
基础知识练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The driver lost control of the car by accident and c （碰撞）into a tree.
2. The owner of the store was s （清扫）his floor when I walked in.
3. The mother w （挥手）goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of her sight.
4. No rubbish has been collected since the dustmen went on s （罢工）three weeks ago.
5. There were so many goods on November 11th and it took a long time to d （递送）them.
6. The English teacher asked the students to give a s （概要） of the text.
7. Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and gradually increases in the l （长度） of the runs.
8. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite
e （影响） on us.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. On March 8，the three-foot-tall robot made the first （deliver） to some lucky residents in Brisbane，Australia.
2. Until the year 1957，the Golden Gate Bridge，at a （long） of 2，737 meters，was the longest suspension bridge in the world.
3. Not all people are aware of the various （effect） of global warming on Earth.
4. The village （sweep） away when the dam burst；as a result，many people became homeless.
5. The first thing that （strike） me was the fact that I was the only girl present.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. I should give my own opinion and explain it by （参考） other authors.
2. Mother told Tom to （清扫） the leaves in the yard，but he forgot to do it.
3. I think it is important for children to have brothers and sisters；they can （与……有关系） each other.
4. He feels unhappy because he is （与……有麻烦） my classmates at the moment.
5. When a fire broke out in the house，she （跑到安全的地方） quickly.
6. （过着幸福的生活），everyone wants to have a good health and a long life.
7. （出于感激），he told me that he would invite me to dinner in the evening.
8. They are going to have a meeting to determine who will （执行） the plan.
能力提升练
Ⅳ. 单句写作
1. 我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。（be doing...when...）
2. 为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。（make it+adj.+to do）
3. 提供了多达五门课程，你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。（as many as）
4. 每当我们学习遇到困难时，老师总是耐心帮助我们。（have trouble with）
Ⅴ. 微写作
请根据以下提示，向你的朋友介绍家乡发生地震的情况。要求词数60-80。
1. 这次地震造成了很大的破坏和许多人员死亡。（damage，death）
2. 所到之处，我们看见一切都已经变成了废墟，好像世界到了末日。（ruin）
3. 并不是所有的东西都被毁了。（destroy）
4. 许多人并没有丧失信心。（number）
5. 他们立刻前来救援，救出了一些困在废墟中的人，并掩埋死者。（rescue，bury，right away）
6. 在灾难面前，他们非常愿意帮助那些处于困境中的人。（disaster，too...to）
句型：It seemed as if...
VI.阅读理解
What do you think of when you hear the word“drought” Do you think of “dry”“hot”“dusty”“cracked（开裂的）earth” or even“no water” If so，you’re on the right track!
When some places are in drought，they may be dry，hot and dusty. Cracks may appear in the soil，and rivers，lakes，streams，and other sources of water may go dry. Other places in drought get some rain，but not as much as they usually receive during that season. Drought means that a place has less rain or snow than normal over a few months or even longer.
Drought has many causes. It can be caused by not receiving rain or snow over a period of time. We learned in the discussions above about the water cycle and weather. The changes in the wind patterns that move clouds and moisture through the atmosphere can cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow over a long period of time.
If you live in a place where most of the water you use comes from a river，a drought in your area can be caused by places upstream from you not receiving enough moisture. There would be less water in the river for you and other people who live along the river to use.
People can also play a big role in a drought. If we use too much water during times of normal rainfall，we might not have enough water when a drought happens.
1. What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1
A. To put forward an argument. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To conclude the article. D. To analyze the problem.
2. What will happen if a place is in drought
A. The weather will be dry，hot and windy.
B. There won’t be any water left in rivers or lakes.
C. There will be less rain or snow for quite a long time.
D. The rainy season will be replaced by the snowy season.
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “moisture”in Paragraph 3
A. Dust in the wind. B. Water in the air.
C. Snow on the ground. D. Rain in the soil.
4. What topics are discussed before the passage
A. The water cycle and weather. B. The causes of drought.
C. The definition of drought. D. The influence of drought.
课时把关练
Part IV Reading for Writing
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. crashed 2. sweeping 3. waved 4. strike 5. deliver 6. summary 7. length 8. effect
Ⅱ. 1. delivery 句意：3月8日，这个三英尺高的机器人第一次被送到澳大利亚布里斯班的一些幸运的居民手中。根据the first可知，所填的词是名词形式。
2. length 句意：直到1957年，全长2 737米的金门大桥是世界上最长的悬索桥。冠词后要接名词形式。
3. effects 句意：并不是所有的人都意识到全球变暖对地球的各种影响。根据various可知，所填的词要用复数形式。
4. was swept 句意：大坝决堤时，村子被冲走了；结果，许多人无家可归。sweep和village是动宾关系，句子是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
5. struck 句意：让我印象深刻的第一件事是，我是在场的唯一一个女孩。根据下文的was可知，此处用一般过去时。
Ⅲ. 1. referring to 2. sweep away 3. relate to 4. having trouble with 5. ran to safety 6. Living a happy life 7. Out of gratitude 8. carry out
Ⅳ. 1. I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
2. To make it easier to get in touch with us，you’d better keep this card at hand.
3. As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
4. Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently.
V.
The earthquake caused much damage and many deaths. Wherever we went，we found everything lay in ruins. It seemed as if the world was at an end. However，not all were destroyed and to our relief，a great number of people didn’t lose heart. They came to the rescue right away，saving some people who were trapped under the ruins，and buring the dead. They were so kind and helpful that they were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters.
VI.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了干旱的定义、特征和形成的原因。
1. B 推理判断题。本文第一段以“自问自答”的设问句引入了本文话题——干旱。故第一段的主要目的是引入话题。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Drought means that a place has less rain or snow than normal over a few months or even longer. ”可知，干旱发生时，较长时间内降水量少于正常量。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow可知，画线词所在句描述了降水不足的原因。风带走了空气中的水分，从而导致降水减少。
4. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“We learned in the discussions above about the water cycle and weather. ”可知，在本文之前已经讨论了“水循环和天气”。课时把关练
Part V Writing
妙笔生花
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve was the most amazing person in all of Minneapolis，and he was my cousin. By the age of 19，Steve was a star baseball player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be exactly like him. So when Steve asked me to go with him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota，I was excited!
After planning the trip，we gathered clothes and supplies，and began our great adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest in northern Minnesota by early evening. On our way to the campsite，Steve pointed to a small house faraway in one of the mountains，saying that it was the ranger station（护林站） where the forester worked.
Finally，after a long walk，we reached the campsite and set up camp as the sun was setting. Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper. After we gathered enough wood from the forest，he started the campfire using only stone and steel—no matches. For supper we feasted on freeze-dried beef，wild rice and pea soup. I ate greedily after all that work.
Tired enough，we climbed into our sleeping bags early and talked about our plans for fishing the next day. We were still talking quietly when a sudden north wind picked up；the temperature dropped and it began to snow. Steve found a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log （原木） from the forest to the opposite side of the campfire. Then he wrapped aluminum foil（铝箔） around the log. The heat from the fire reflected off the foil and into the tent. Soon images of lake fish were filling my dreams.
The snow had stopped，but sometime later a powerful wind must have kicked up the flames of our dying fire. I was abruptly awakened by Steve. Our tent was on fire. Frightened，I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent collapsed（倒塌） with Steve inside. Without any thought of endangering myself，I reached into the burning tent and pulled him to the icy lake. Fortunately，we were not seriously hurt.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Later，as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm，we considered our difficult situation.
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Suddenly，we heard a noise in the forest.
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步骤一：品读语篇——抓住要点很关键
前文概要
第一段：我的堂兄史蒂夫是我的偶像。他让我和他一起去钓鱼旅行时，我很兴奋！
第二段：傍晚，我们到达了一个国家森林。在去营地的路上，我们看到了护林员工作的护林站。
第三段：我们在日落时搭起帐篷，生火吃饭。
第四段：晚上气温下降，开始下雪。史蒂夫把铝箔包在原木上使帐篷更加暖和。
第五段：大风把我们快要熄灭的火吹旺了，点燃了我们的帐篷。幸运的是，我们没有受重伤。
步骤二：戴着镣铐跳舞——研读首句，高度融合原文，合理想象情节
①续写第一段所给首句为“Later，as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm，we considered our difficult situation.”。本段紧密衔接原文内容，因为帐篷在大火中化为灰烬，包括衣服、手机以及其他所需物品，加之营地远离公路，面对这样的困境，即使史蒂夫也不知道该怎么办。
②续写第二段所给首句为“Suddenly，we heard a noise in the forest.”。本句提示有个关键词Suddenly，由此可推知在极大的困境中，事情有了新的转变……
步骤三：斟酌打磨——丰富续写词汇，生动描述情节
话题激活词汇
情感：unsure anxiously were able to a friend and equal
动作：get out of heard listened appeared had spotted
drove us to continues
环境：in the deep of the forest far away from the highway in the middle of nowhere in the cold air
the darkness
句式翻译
1.我们的营地位于森林深处，远离公路。（主系表）
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2. 我们身处茫茫荒野中。（主系表）
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3.我们只穿着内衣，我们的日用品和手机都化为了灰烬。（并列句和被动结构）
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4.我们唯一能做的就是坐在寒冷的野外。（定语从句和不定式作表语）
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5. 我们想知道怎么才能走出森林。（主谓宾）
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6. 我们焦急地听着，凝视着黑暗处。（并列谓语）
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7. 一位护林员发现了火光，前来检查。（并列句）
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8. 护林员开车送我们到护林站。（主谓宾）
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9. 我们有了衣服，也可以给父母打电话了。（被动语态）
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10. 正是在这次旅行中，史蒂夫开始把我当作一个平等的朋友，而不是堂弟。（强调句）
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步骤四：创造性表达——润色注重细节，句式再造升级
1. 把句2和句3合并为一个简单句
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2. 把句4和句5合并
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3. 把句7变为含有非谓语动词的简单句
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4. 把句8和句9变为含有非限制性定语从句的复合句
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步骤五：高分在即——连句成篇，结构紧凑，逻辑衔接
Later，as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm，we considered our difficult situation.
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Suddenly，we heard a noise in the forest.
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课时把关练
Part V Writing
参考答案
步骤三
句式翻译
1. Our campsite was in the deep of the forest，really far away from the highway.
2. We were in the middle of nowhere.
3. We wore only underwear，and our supplies and cellphones had been burnt into ashes.
4. The only thing we could do was（to） sit in the cold air.
5. We wondered how to get out of the forest.
6. Anxiously we listened and stared into the darkness.
7. A forester had spotted the light from the fire and he came to have a check.
8. The forester drove us to the ranger station.
9. We were given clothes and were able to call our parents.
10. It was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend and equal，rather than a younger cousin.
步骤四
1. We were in the middle of nowhere，wearing only underwear，with our supplies burnt into ashes and our cellphones included.
2. The only thing was just for us to sit in the cold air and wonder how to get out of the forest.
3. A forester had spotted the light from the fire，coming to have a check.
4. The forester drove us to the ranger station，where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents.
步骤五
Later，as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm，we considered our difficult situation. Our campsite was in the deep of the forest，really far away from the highway. We were in the middle of nowhere，wearing only underwear，with our supplies burnt into ashes and our cellphones included. Even Steve was unsure what to do next. The only thing was just for us to sit in the cold air and wonder how to get out of the forest.
Suddenly，we heard a noise in the forest. Anxiously we listened and stared into the darkness. A jeep appeared. A forester had spotted the light from the fire，coming to have a check. We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station，where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents. Steve and I had many more camping adventures from then on，but it was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend and equal，rather than a younger cousin. Our friendship continues to this day.
