2015-2016学年高中英语选修9 Unit 4 Exploring plants Using LanguageSumming Up & Learning Tip课后演练（含部分答案解析）

Section Ⅲ— Using Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip
一、用适当的介词或副词填空
1.Jack is late again.It is typical 　　　 him to keep others waiting.
答案:of
2.The developmental history of the society tells us that man has evolved　　　 the ape.
答案:from
3.Parents attach much importance 　　　 education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
答案:to
4.The moon shines brightly,as if it gave 　　　 light by itself.
答案:off
二、根据汉语提示写出相应的单词
1.The meat will 　　　(腐烂)if it isn’t kept cool.
答案:rot
2.The 　　　(蝙蝠)is a flying mammal.
答案:bat
3.He had spent several hours in the library turning over those 　　　(有霉味的)documents.
答案:musty
4.They have　　　(附加)a number of conditions to the agreement.
答案:attached
5.This painting is 　　　(有代表性的)of his early works.
答案:typical
6.The surgeon is performing a 　　　(精细的)operation.
答案:delicate
7.The man moved closer, 　　　(压低)his voice.
答案:lowering
8.Scientists think that birds probably 　　　(进化)from reptiles.
答案:evolved
9.It’s very 　　　(阴暗的)today but I don’t think it’ll rain.
答案:dull
三、完成句子
1.The ball game was　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(因为大雨而推迟).
答案:postponed because of the heavy rain
2.The company has 　　　 　　　(演变成)a major chemical manufacturer.
答案:evolved into
3.There was a message　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(附在花上).
答案:attached to the flowers
4.The teacher 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(向学生们发放课本)who ask for them.
答案:gave out textbooks to the students
四、 阅读理解
A
A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16℃.Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.Without the forest cover,these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere,warming the rest of the world.Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns,potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.
In the past hundred years,humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources:land for crops,wood for paper and other products,land for raising farm animals.This action affects the environment as a whole.For example,a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests.People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.
There are two main reasons for this.Firstly,when people cut down trees,generally they can only use the land for a year or two.Secondly,cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now,but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store.More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests.However,fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value.It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.
1.Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they 　　　.
A.reflect more heat into the atmosphere
B.bring about high rainfall throughout the world
C.rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16℃
D.reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。从第一段第二句“Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.”可知答案。
2.What does the underlined word“this”in the third paragraph refer to
A.We will lose much more than we can gain.
B.Humans have begun destroying rainforests.
C.People have a strong desire for resources.
D.Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.
答案:A
解析:代词指代题。从第二段后面的叙述中可知人们失去的会比得到的多。
3.It can be inferred from the text that 　　　.
A.we can get enough resources without rainforests
B.there is great medicine potential in rainforests
C.we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land
D.the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。从最后一段的数字列举中可知B项最适合。
4.What might be the best title for the text
A.How to Save Rainforests
B.How to Protect Nature
C.Rainforests and the Environment
D.Rainforests and Medical Development
答案:C
解析:主旨大意题。本文是在向读者介绍热带雨林的减少会对环境造成的影响,呼吁人们要保护热带雨林,进而保护整个人类赖以生存的环境。
B
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do.Instead,plants produce volatile compounds,chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas.A flower’s sweet smell,for example,comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants.A tree under attack by hungry insects,for instance,may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack.In response,the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away—or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:a chemical sensor(传感器)called an electronic nose.The “e-nose”can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked.Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects.But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants.This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses,enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds.Inside the device,13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds.Based on these interactions,the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose,the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber,pepper and tomato plants,all common greenhouse crops.Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop.These plants had been damaged by insects,or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器).
The e-nose,it turns out,could identify healthy cucumber,pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce.It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage—by insects or with a hole punch—had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning,a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs,the researchers say.A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat,says Natalia Dudareva,a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette,Ind.who studies smells of flowers and plants.Hopefully,scientists believe,the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
5.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by　　　.
A.making some sounds
B.waving their leaves
C.producing some chemicals
D.sending out electronic signals
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。从第一段中的“Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do.Instead,plants produce volatile compounds,chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas.”可知选C项。
6.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked
A.They presented it with all common crops.
B.They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C.They collected different damaged leaves.
D.They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段中的“To test the nose,the team presented it with healthy leaves from...”可知答案为D项。
7.According to the writer,the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can 　　　.
A.pick out ripe fruits
B.spot the insects quickly
C.distinguish different damages to the leaves
D.recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage—by insects or with a hole punch—had been done to the tomato leaves.”可知答案为C项。
8.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose　　　.
A.is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B.is not yet used in greenhouses
C.is designed by scientists at Purdue
D.is helpful in killing harmful insects
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“With some fine-tuning,a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs”可推断选B项。