2024-2025学年人教版高中英语选择性必修 第三册寒假（期末）复习季《知识清单+阅读理解》专项巩固训练题（答案）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年人教版高中英语选择性必修 第三册寒假（期末）复习季《知识清单+阅读理解》专项巩固训练题（答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-01-15 11:06:58 | ||
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2024-2025学年人教版高中英语选择性必修 第三册寒假（期末）复习季
《阅读理解》专项巩固训练题
姓名： 考号：
第一部分：知识清单
Part I. 词形转换
precise adj.准确的;精确的 --precisely adv. realistic adj.现实的;逼真的 --realism n.逼真;现实主义;务实作风 --reality n.现实 art n. 艺术;美术 --artistic adj. 艺术的;艺术家的;有艺术性的 --artist n. 艺术家;美术家 humanistic adj. 人文主义的 --humanity n.[U]人性;人道;(统称)人类 5. influence vt./n.影响 --influential adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的 6.civil adj.国民的;民用的;民事的 --civilize vt.教化;使...文明;使...有教养 --civilization n.文明;社会文明; --civilized adj.文明的;开化的;有教养的;有道德的 recognise vt. 认出，辨认; 承认，意识到 --recognition n.承认;认出;赞誉 expand vt. 扩张;扩展;扩大 --expansion n. invest v.投资;投入（时间，精力等） --investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入 10. exhibit vt. 展览 n.展览品 --exhibition n.展览 11.enter vt. 进入(直接跟宾语，不要into）;报名参加 --entry n. 进入（指权利等）;参与，参赛 --entrance n.入口;大门口 12.visual adj. 视力的;视觉的 --vision n.视力;视野;想象;幻像 13.memory n.记忆，记忆力;回忆 --- memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的 --- memorize vt. 记忆;回忆 14.represent vt.代表;象征 ---- representative adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.代表 produce vt.产生（农产品，工业品，艺术品）;引起;培养（人才）;掏出，抽出 n.农产品 --production n.生产;产生
Part II. 重点短语
a sharp / dramatic decline 急剧下降 in decline, 在衰退中，在下降中 decline to do sth 婉言拒绝做... give a precise definition 给出明确的定义 religious themes 宗教主题 in particular = particularly尤其 be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究/ 挑剔 set … apart from 使……区别于 / 不同于 adopt a more humanistic attitude to/towards life 对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度 people of high rank 地位显赫的人 important historical events重大历史事件 a detailed record of一种对……的具体记录 their inner warmth他们内在的温暖 a realistic but dream-like quality 一种写实却又梦幻般的品质 turn to sth.转向某事 have an influence / impact / effect on 对……有影响 gain/earn/win sb. a good reputation 为某人赢得好名声 set off 出发;动身;使爆炸;引起 set aside 匀出，留出（时间，金钱等）;忽视，不顾 （ignore） set about 着手;开始（后跟doing sth.） set out出发;着手/开始干...（后跟to do sth.） set down 写下;记下 set up建立（found/ establish）;（put up） bring ... back to life 使活泼，使生动，使苏醒 come to life 苏醒，活跃起来;开始 come back to life 苏醒过来;复活 seek to do sth.力求做某事
Part III. 重点句型
While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606 — 1669) , who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 尽管早在达芬奇时代一些画家就是用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗（1606年-1669年）使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。 例句中的while 译为____“虽然;尽管”_____，相当于though/although， 除此以外，while其他用法如下： （1）Tom is very good at science, while his brother is absolutely hopeless. while表示对比，位于句中，译为______ （2）You can go swimming while I’m having lunch. while译为“______” 2. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at. 该句中，不定式短语主动表被动 最后，大多数客户想要漂亮有趣的画作。 The house is to let. 这栋房子要出租。 Who is to blame for the population decline of the tigers in that area 谁应该为那个地区老虎数量的下降负责任？ The reason for global warming is not far to seek. 全球变暖的原因不难找到。 在句型 主语+ be+ adj.+ to do中 不定式主动表被动，如果不定式是不及物动词，要加上合适的介词 翻译：他很容易相处。___________________________________ 这个房间住起来很舒服。————————————————————. 3.worth adj. [不可用在名词前面] 值……的;相当于 / 具有……价值的: be worth sth: An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨 ...值得去做 sth. be (well) worth doing The book is（well）worth reading. It is worthwhile to do / doing sth（...是值得的）: It is worth/worthwhile reading/ to read the book. sth. is worthy of being done / to be done The book is worthy of being read. The book is worthy to be read. 价值 n[U]. : Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. worthless adj 无价值的;无用的
第二部分：阅读实战
阅读理解
No artist has affected Modern Art more than Pablo Ruiz Picasso. Thousands of masterpieces he had created changed the way people thought about art. Picasso was perhaps the most talented and successful artist who ever lived.
Picasso was born in 1881 in a small town on the southern coast of Spain. His father was a painter who taught art. Picasso showed exceptional talent at an early age and, by the time he was in his teens, painted better than his father or any of the local art teachers. At sixteen, Picasso was sent to the Royal Academy of Madrid, where students drew from plaster casts and copied works of the old masters. Picasso felt these assignments were pointless and began to work on his own. Picasso's father soon became angry with his son's rebellious behaviour, long hair, and strange clothes. He believed that Picasso was wasting his talent and scolded him, "Why don't you cut your hair and paint sensibly "
In 1900, Picasso left for Paris—then the centre of the art world. He lived in a cold, run-down building, painting constantly, sometimes surviving for days on only a piece of bread. During these years, his art reflected his dismal(凄凉的) surroundings. Homeless outcasts were the subject of many of his fairly realistic early paintings. After seeing African masks and sculptures, his works became more simplified and angular(有棱角的) leading up to the revolutionary new style known as Cubism.
Picasso didn't sell many of his works during these early years. But he worked continuously, always experimenting with different styles of painting. Though Picasso lived to be ninety-two and became the most famous artist in the world, he spoke of his youthful days in Paris as "the happiest time of my life".
1．What does the text mainly discuss
A．Picasso's Cubism as a revolutionary style in art.
B．Picasso as a rebel and his art.
C．Picasso's life and painting in Paris.
D．Picasso's influences on the development of Modern Art.
2．What can we know about Picasso
A．He showed unusual talent for painting in his early childhood.
B．He spent his early teens studying in the Royal Academy.
C．He became a famous painter in the world at the age of sixteen.
D．He painted more than local art teachers and gained fame.
3．When did Picasso start to reveal his rebellious spirit
A．When he was a child.
B．In his early teens.
C．When he was studying in the Royal Academy.
D．After he moved to Paris for further education.
4．What marks the turning point in his career as an artist
A．Those miserable but fruitful youthful days in Paris.
B．Those realistic paintings reflecting dismal social surroundings.
C．The influence of masks and sculptures created by native African artists.
D．Experimenting with new different styles of painting.
阅读短文，回答问题
For some people, walking or running outdoors is a great way to work out. What may not be so pleasant is seeing trash all over the ground. Well, some people are doing something about it. They are plogging!
"Plogging" began in Sweden. The name combines the Swedish word "plocka", which means "to pick up", and the word "jogging", which means "to run slowly". A Swedish man named Erik, started the movement in 2016. On the World Environment Day website, Erik says that he moved to Stockholm from a small community in northern Sweden. Each day he would ride his bike to work. Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work, he took matters into his own hands.
Plogging, by that term, may have officially begun in Sweden. But many people who exercise outdoors have been doing this for years. Take Jeff Horowitz for example. He is a personal trainer in Washington, D.C. He often picks up trash while running outside. He even has turned it into a game; he will try to pick up the trash without stopping. "I didn't know it was a thing really. This is just my personal ethics____(道德标准), where I go for a run and if I happen to see a piece of garbage lying around and it's within reach—it is a kind of a little test for me to see if I can grab it and throw it in a near trash can without stopping. And that way, I think, it gives me a little exercise and a little focus for my run. And it helps clean up the neighbourhood," he announced.
Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. Cities around the world now hold plogging events. "I would just hope people would think twice before dropping garbage on the ground. We have containers on every block. So, it's easy to put your garbage in the trash cans. I just think people should think about it a little bit more. I do hope one day there will not be a need for plogging," said an interviewee.
5．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "took matters into his own hands"
A．Called on people to join him.
B．Appealed to people to go green.
C．Began to pick up the trash.
D．Had the collected trash recycled.
6．What kind of act is plogging for many people now
A．An automatic act. B．An irresistible act.
C．An arbitrary act. D．A temporary act.
7．What is the idea that plogging events are meant to promote
A．Jogging is truly beneficial.
B．Trash cans should be within reach.
C．Littering is not acceptable.
D．Communities should be kept clean.
8．What is a suitable title for the text
A．New Exercise Enjoys Unbelievable Popularity
B．New Exercise Trend Also Helps Environment
C．Plogging—A Fashionable Way to Clear Waste
D．Plogging—An Exercise Originating in Sweden
阅读短文，回答问题
Understanding the link between the clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was noticed as early as ancient Roman times. Today we see how green living has influenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.
Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one's best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.
Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging the same. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought Instead of buying prepackaged food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.
Many people have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy prepackaged foods, Ms Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and make her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.
9．Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle
A．Bringing a reusable container to take away food.
B．Choosing devices that cost less money.
C．Turning off a device to stop using power.
D．Classifying the garbage before throwing it away.
10．What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle
A．Recyclable cardboard.
B．Excessive packaging.
C．Glass jars to store purchases.
D．Natural substances in cleaning products.
11．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．How people live a zero waste lifestyle.
B．Why Ms Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.
C．It's possible to practise a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.
D．It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.
12．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Living a Zero Waste Lifestyle
B．Going Green Is More Than a Fashion
C．A Zero Waste Lifestyle Is Easy to Achieve
D．Making Environmentally-conscious Decisions
阅读理解
Sleep is essential for a person's well-being. Researchers have found that sleep loss increases a person's risk of developing serious medical conditions. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the correlation(相关性) between sleep and grades when he handed out a device to the students in his class. Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person's activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.
As part of the research, a quarter of the participants chose a fitness class specially created for the study. After the school term ended, the researchers carefully analysed the data. Much to Grossman's surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.
However, the study presented a surprising viewpoint in the journal ScienceofLearning. Going through the large amount of data, Grossman noticed an interesting trend(趋势) from the participants' sleep patterns. There was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep and his/her grade in the exams.
Besides, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Grossman says, "We've heard the phrase ‘Get a good night's sleep. You've got a big day tomorrow.' It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it's the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most."
The time when students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in the early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher-performing student.
The research does not prove that sleep is the only component that helps improve academic performance. However, Grossman says the results are a strong indication that sleep really matters. Who knew getting A's just required some extra ZZZ's
13．What's Grossman's original purpose by using the device in the research
A．To improve students' sleep patterns.
B．To regulate students' daily behaviour.
C．To monitor students' physical condition.
D．To find effects of physical exercise on grades.
14．What did Grossman think of the research result
A．It was unexpected. B．It was changeable.
C．It was unreliable. D．It was fruitless.
15．What plays a more important part in test performance
A．Sleep in the learning stage.
B．The average amount of sleep during tests.
C．Sleep quality the night before a test.
D．A regular bedtime.
16．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Be Physically Active and Sleep More
B．Enough Sleep Benefits Our Well-being
C．Catch ZZZ's for Good Test Performance
D．The More Exercise, the Better School-work
阅读理解
Feeling achy and feverish Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally(记录) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.
Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it's unclear whether the annual flu epidemic(流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant(盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.
Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. "This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one," said Dr Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medical Centre in Burlington.
"The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn't ‘feel different' from previous years," Villanueva said. "We're not seeing a lot of people being hospitalised because of flu," he said. "Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care."
17．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．A lead-in. B．A comment.
C．A summary. D．A background.
18．What can be learned about the flu of this year according to the text
A．The outbreak of the flu of this year doesn't seem different from previous years.
B．The flu has arrived earlier than before.
C．The vaccine against the flu is highly effective.
D．Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.
19．What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean
A．Crowded. B．Changeable. C．Permanent. D．Active.
20．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To explain what flu is.
B．To rid people of flu panic.
C．To warn readers of how serious the flu is.
D．To inform readers how to prevent the flu.
阅读短文，回答问题
The brain-training app trains people to tap on images of healthy foods but to stop when they see unhealthy snacks, creating a link between these foods and stops. The new study, by the universities of Exeter and Helsinki, found that playing the game about once a day for a month led to an average one-point reduction of junk food consumption.
Generally, people who used the app more also reported great changes in their food intake. One app user wrote, "Really useful. I used to eat junk food two to four times a week and I have reduced this to once a week after using the app regularly for a month. My desire for junk food has been reduced greatly and I no longer eat in the evening mindlessly."
The study used the app's usage data, and the app regularly asked questions about how often users eat certain food, along with other information such as their age and weight. The findings suggested that using the app regularly was linked with big changes in eating habits.
The app is free and it only takes about four minutes per day, so it's something people can do not just at home but at work and elsewhere. "From our results it seems important that you do the training at regular times and don't just stop. Therefore, keep it interesting, so you won't get bored with it. Personalize the app as much as possible and pick the food that you find really hard to resist," said Natalia Lawrence, a professor of the University of Exeter.
The researchers stressed that their findings should be further proved, because there was no comparison group and other factors____(such as the possibility that people who did more training were also more motivated to lose weight) could play a part in the results.
21．What is the purpose of the brain-training app
A．To help people lose weight.
B．To explain the harm of junk food.
C．To improve people's eating habits.
D．To offer some fun games to players.
22．How does the author show the effect of the app
A．By comparing some food.
B．By making an experiment.
C．By quoting a user's comments.
D．By introducing the app's technology.
23．What is required to ensure the effectiveness of the app
A．Paying for the app.
B．Using the app regularly.
C．Updating the app quite often.
D．Choosing the right place to play the game.
24．What is the researchers' attitude towards their findings
A．Cautious. B．Clear. C．Positive. D．Disappointed.
阅读理解
Due to climate changes, Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the spring, and its area is decreasing. This is creating problems for polar bears that make their homes off northern Alaska and in Hudson Bay.
Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on the ocean. But as the ice has melted, the polar bears have been forced to spend more time on land. There, they have begun to frequent beaches, feeding on the remains of whales caught by native hunters. For polar bears, this food is less nutritious than seals that they normally catch on ice sheets. The shrinking(减少) ice has also forced more polar bears into the ocean. In the past, they only had to swim short distances between ice sheets. But as the ice has shrunk, polar bears have been forced to swim longer and longer distances in the open ocean. This poses a severe danger during rough weather, and an increasing number of drowned polar bears have been observed.
In Hudson Bay, the ice breaks up three weeks earlier in the spring now than it did 20 years ago. Polar bears in Hudson Bay fast(禁食) during the summer, waiting for ice to form in the fall to hunt. Every year, the summer gets longer, and the bears get skinnier. Over the past 25 years, the average weight of the female bears has dropped to 68 kg. This loss affects their ability to reproduce, and already the number of births has dropped by 15 percent. Unless the bears can learn to survive these climate changes, these giants of the ice may one day disappear.
25．What is Arctic ice doing earlier each year
A．It's freezing. B．It's hardening.
C．It's melting. D．It's expanding.
26．What is TRUE of polar bears that are spending more time on land in Alaska
A．Their young are dying. B．Their diet is changing.
C．Their health is improving. D．Their families are growing.
27．What does the author imply about female polar bears in Hudson Bay
A．They are having fewer young now.
B．They suffer from various sicknesses.
C．They don't need stronger protection.
D．They can't find enough good males.
28．Where is the text most likely from
A．Medical News. B．Society Today.
C．Wildlife Journal. D．Design Magazine.
阅读理解
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Centre for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing, " she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing. "
29．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
30．What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial. C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.
31．What can we learn from the text
A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
32．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
阅读理解
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt.
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
33．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
34．Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees
A．Ecological studies of forests. B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development. D．Fire control measures.
35．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre
A．Inadequate snowmelt. B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate. D．Dampness of the air.
36．What is a suitable title for the text
A．California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
阅读理解
The nine women of Bella Mondo win over yet another audience. The group is one of just a handful of all-women ensembles(乐队) in Ivory Coast.
It all started in 2007. Prisca Allou was a music student. A music producer came to see her. He said he wanted to make an all-female ensemble to keep a promise to his late mother.
Allou got on board and was charged with recruiting (招募) other members. "It wasn't easy at first. Some parents were against it. You know, in Africa, the place of women is often seen as being either in an office or at home. That was the fixed image. " Allou spread the word and took out ads in local papers. Most of the girls she found were not professional players. "I just played some tamtam. I learned to play drums when I joined Bella Mondo, " one member said. The girls spent the next four years learning to play their instruments. Many gave up along the way, but eight of them soldiered on with Allou, and Bella Mondo was founded.
The band plays original songs and covers. Their music spans a wide range of styles：funk, reggae, pop music. They released their first album in 2013. . . and have performed in Paris, Dakar, Cotonou and, of course, here at home in Abidjan.
You can see them nearly every Thursday at this bar, the same place that gave the band its start years ago. "Oh yes, I was surprised at first. A woman singing, you see that every day, but an entire band, playing all the instruments and everything It was extraordinary. I was dumbstruck. Bella Mondo is a great band, " one music fan said. The women are now working on their second album.
37．Why did the music producer want to form a female ensemble
A．To sponsor music students. B．To comfort his mother.
C．To carry out his promise. D．To win over an audience.
38．Which of the following made it hard for Allou to recruit band members
A．The band charged too much.
B．A number of parents didn't support it.
C．Most women prefer to work in a government office.
D．African women are not allowed to leave their homes.
39．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．What Allou experienced.
B．How Bella Mondo was founded.
C．Why most girls gave up halfway.
D．How the girls learned to play instruments.
40．What does the underlined word "dumbstruck" probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Astonished. B．Amused. C．Determined. D．Satisfied.
阅读理解
When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that night the wind was really blowing hard.
As my mum and I headed to the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change(零钱). My mum right away asked where they lived. They pointed to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car.
My mum said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings(兄弟姐妹). But she didn't come. Later, I found out she had gone home and put all the food in our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn't there when that happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to those people. A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remembered the face of that girl who had asked us for change. She was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.
Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to eat in a restaurant and then went back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remembered thinking the other girl didn't have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mum had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I have ever learned.
41．What can we know about the author's mother from the text
A．She is humorous. B．She is determined.
C．She is kind-hearted. D．She is selfish.
42．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．The poor family had no place to live.
B．The poor girl was older than the author.
C．The author's mother didn't know how to cook.
D．The poor girl lived near the restaurant.
43．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．It was a winter morning when the story happened.
B．There were six people in the author's family.
C．A few months later the author found out what her mother had done.
D．The author couldn't understand what her mother did.
44．What is a suitable title for the text
A．How to Support a Poor Family
B．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
C．The Hard Life of a Little Girl's Family
D．A Lesson in Kindness from My Mum
阅读理解
The problem of food borne metal contamination (污染) has taken on new urgency, thanks in part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves. More recently, high levels of lead (铅) were discovered in children's fruit puree pouches. Now, two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air, and water. As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals — lead, arsenic (砷) and cadmium (镉) — are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables. Felicia Wu, Michigan State University food scientist, is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies, Wu and her colleague, gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports. There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects. Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint, water pipes, and contaminated soil. Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets. In the study, lead showed moderate (中度的) to high risk scores for causing lung, kidney, bladder, stomach, and brain cancers. It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year, more than 6, 000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7, 000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed (归因于) to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States. The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others. These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
45．What do the new studies focus on
A．Food safety and children's health.
B．Food crops and metal contamination.
C．Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D．Metal contamination in food and health risks.
46．Why do heavy metals exist in food
A．Food crops need metal to grow well.
B．Heavy metals are added by producers.
C．They can help with scientific research.
D．Food crops grow up in polluted conditions.
47．How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A．By doing surveys online.
B．By analyzing data.
C．By performing experiments.
D．By referring to previous textbooks.
48．Which can best describe Wu's findings
A．Dramatic. B．Alarming. C．Confusing. D．Awesome.
阅读理解
"Given that signs of Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆症) start to accumulate in the brain several decades before the disease begins, understanding the connection between sleep and cognition (认知) earlier in life is critical for understanding the role of sleep problems as a risk factor for the disease," said study author Yue Leng, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco.
The study involved 526 people with an average age of 40. They were followed for 11 years. Researchers looked at participants' sleep duration and quality. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three continuous days on two occasions approximately one year apart to calculate their averages. Participants slept for an average of six hours. Participants also reported bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and completed a sleep quality survey with scores ranging from 0 to 21. A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.
Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation (碎片化), a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided into three groups based on their sleep fragmentation score. Of the 175 people with the most interrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance 10 years later, compared to 10 of the 176 people with the least interrupted sleep.
After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep. There was no difference in cognitive performance at midlife for those in the middle group compared to the group with the least interrupted sleep.
However, due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences. "More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages and to identify if critical life periods exist when sleep is more strongly associated with cognition," Leng said.
49．What do we know about Yue Leng's study
A．Data collection was an easy process.
B．It aimed to find a cure for Alzheimer's.
C．The results were far from satisfactory.
D．Higher scores mean poorer sleep quality.
50．What can we learn about sleep fragmentation in the study
A．It did require outside intervention.
B．It included a series of memory tests.
C．It measured short interruptions of sleep.
D．It determined those participants' groups.
51．What do the findings indicate according to the text
A．The quality of sleep may affect cognitive health.
B．Keeping a sleep diary can improve one's sleep quality.
C．People sleeping well won't suffer from Alzheimer's disease.
D．People with interrupted sleep won't have memory problems.
52．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The major limitation of the study.
B．An explanation of the research method.
C．A possible reason for the study findings.
D．The use of careful investigations in real life.
阅读理解When I first heard about the improv(即兴表演) classes, I was torn. As an introvert, I feared getting on stage and improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D. , so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and gain confidence thinking on my feet.
During our first class, we learned a core concept of improv: "yes, and." It means that, as improvisers, we accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos(犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say "yes" and continue with the scene as if no him is wrong.
I got a taste of how difficult that was when acting out my first scene. My classmate turned to me and said, "Mom is going to be so mad." Mad about what My mind spun out ideas, and my inner critic shot them all down. We broke the car No, that's too easy. We failed a test No, you don't want your classmates thinking you're stupid on the first day. I finally landed on an answer: "Yes, we're going to be late for dinner." The scene proceeded from there, and we eventually finished as two sisters who lost their way on a hiking trail.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable thinking on my feet and even started to enjoy our classes. I never silenced my inner critic entirely, but over time, I didn't police my words with quite so much effort. I also became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment.
That training proved useful 6 months ago, when my experiments generated unreasonable data. Early on in graduate school, I would get stuck when this happened; my inner critic would assume I had made a mistake. But then, after embracing the "yes, and" concept, instead of getting discouraged, I kept exploring the data and ended up identifying a new type of cell—one that wasn't behaving as expected. If I hadn't accepted the possibility that the results were real, I would have missed out on the most exciting finding of my Ph.D. so far.
All scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it's worth investigating whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. Our job as scientists isn't to generate data that support a preconceived(预想的) story. Our job is to say "yes, and."
53．Why did the author take the improve classes
A．To improve her logical mind.
B．To finish her Ph.D. assignment.
C．To develop her communication skills.
D．To pursue her interest in performance.
54．How did the author feel during the first scene
A．Conflicted. B．Bored. C．Discouraged. D．Embarrassed.
55．According to the author, in her experiments, "yes, and" helped her ____.
A．accept failures B．make a new discovery
C．make up for a mistake D．correct unreasonable data
56．What can we learn from this passage
A．The unknown can be an inspiration.
B．The unexpected can be rewarding,
C．The unfortunate can be a chance.
D．The unusual can be decisive.
阅读理解
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was "not athletic".
The idea that I was "not athletic" stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realised running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finishing line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the starting line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign:"GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!"
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my loyal supporter. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a "marathon winner".
57．What can we learn about the author before the marathon
A．He was well trained.
B．He felt scared.
C．He made up his mind to run.
D．He lost hope.
58．Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year
A．To appreciate the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
59．How was the author's first marathon
A．He made it. B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize. D．He walked to the end.
60．What does the text mainly tell us
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
阅读理解
A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relax on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.
The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的) effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it was possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, "Why don't we use water "
A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction(摩擦) to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.
It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.
This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction. Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.
"The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics," says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. "This work is a step towards harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic devices we use every day," he says.
"Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab," Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.
61．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By telling a story. B．By raising a question.
C．By imagining a situation. D．By giving an example.
62．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The wire. B．The electricity.
C．The surface. D．The drop of water.
63．What is unique about Ma's technique compared with earlier experiments
A．It is based on the triboelectric effect.
B．The water itself acts as an electrode.
C．It produces electricity from water-made friction.
D．It uses a surface covered with two different materials.
64．What does Oshman say about Ma's technology
A．It has a promising future.
B．It will do well on an umbrella.
C．It works well in the real world.
D．It will replace batteries someday.
阅读理解
Born in France, but raised in Spain,linguistics and literature professor Juan José Ciruela Alférez from the University of Granada is passionate about Chinese literature and has been doing some research about it. With painstaking effort, his Spanish translation of a Chinese classic was published last year.
Ciruela said translating the novel was an interesting challenge. In recent years, many Chinese works have been introduced to Spain. However, as most of them had been translated first into English and then from that language into Spanish, much of the originality,was lost. For this reason, when the Spanish publishing house Kailas contacted Ciruela to translate it directly from Chinese, he accepted the mission immediately, even if it presented difficulties like a heavy workload within a short time limit.
"I encountered various difficulties, especially at the beginning of the task," said Ciruela in an interview. "This novel, in particular, needs a prior reading process in which the translator gets into the plot and the characters, since at first it is difficult to enter the world that the novel constantly raises. So I read the novel first in Chinese, paying attention to all those details and how all of that could be translated in a way that the Spanish readers would understand."
For Ciruela, the most important criterion when translating is fidelity(忠诚) to the original text. While it is true that one cannot always be strictly faithful, he believes translators should not be too far from original texts. For example, the translation of culturemes (expressions of culture in language) is quite complicated due to the cultural gap between Spanish and Chinese. Ciruela believes that these must always be appropriate to the specific function they perform within the text, in each specific case and moment.
65．What does the underlined phrase"that language" probably refer to
A．Spanish. B．English. C．Chinese. D．French.
66．What caused Ciruela to translate the Chinese classic
A．His passion for Spanish literature.
B．His determination to popularize it.
C．The lack of its direct translation into Spanish.
D．The loss of diversity in Spanish translation.
67．What aspect of the translation task does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Its barrier. B．Its principle.
C．Its style. D．Its meaning.
68．What does Ciruela think is the most important in translation
A．Meeting readers' needs.
B．Targeting cultural phenomena.
C．Bridging the cultural gap.
D．Being loyal to the original text.
答案
1．B
2．A
3．C
4．C
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．B
9．A
10．B
11．C
12．A
13．D
14．A
15．A
16．B
17．A
18．A
19．D
20．B
21．C
22．C
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．D
35．C
36．A
37．C
38．B
39．B
40．A
41．C
42．D
43．B
44．D
45．D
46．D
47．B
48．B
49．D
50．C
51．A
52．A
53．C
54．A
55．B
56．B
57．C
58．C
59．A
60．B
61．C
62．D
63．B
64．A
65．B
66．C
67．A
68．D
《阅读理解》专项巩固训练题
姓名： 考号：
第一部分：知识清单
Part I. 词形转换
precise adj.准确的;精确的 --precisely adv. realistic adj.现实的;逼真的 --realism n.逼真;现实主义;务实作风 --reality n.现实 art n. 艺术;美术 --artistic adj. 艺术的;艺术家的;有艺术性的 --artist n. 艺术家;美术家 humanistic adj. 人文主义的 --humanity n.[U]人性;人道;(统称)人类 5. influence vt./n.影响 --influential adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的 6.civil adj.国民的;民用的;民事的 --civilize vt.教化;使...文明;使...有教养 --civilization n.文明;社会文明; --civilized adj.文明的;开化的;有教养的;有道德的 recognise vt. 认出，辨认; 承认，意识到 --recognition n.承认;认出;赞誉 expand vt. 扩张;扩展;扩大 --expansion n. invest v.投资;投入（时间，精力等） --investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入 10. exhibit vt. 展览 n.展览品 --exhibition n.展览 11.enter vt. 进入(直接跟宾语，不要into）;报名参加 --entry n. 进入（指权利等）;参与，参赛 --entrance n.入口;大门口 12.visual adj. 视力的;视觉的 --vision n.视力;视野;想象;幻像 13.memory n.记忆，记忆力;回忆 --- memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的 --- memorize vt. 记忆;回忆 14.represent vt.代表;象征 ---- representative adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.代表 produce vt.产生（农产品，工业品，艺术品）;引起;培养（人才）;掏出，抽出 n.农产品 --production n.生产;产生
Part II. 重点短语
a sharp / dramatic decline 急剧下降 in decline, 在衰退中，在下降中 decline to do sth 婉言拒绝做... give a precise definition 给出明确的定义 religious themes 宗教主题 in particular = particularly尤其 be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究/ 挑剔 set … apart from 使……区别于 / 不同于 adopt a more humanistic attitude to/towards life 对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度 people of high rank 地位显赫的人 important historical events重大历史事件 a detailed record of一种对……的具体记录 their inner warmth他们内在的温暖 a realistic but dream-like quality 一种写实却又梦幻般的品质 turn to sth.转向某事 have an influence / impact / effect on 对……有影响 gain/earn/win sb. a good reputation 为某人赢得好名声 set off 出发;动身;使爆炸;引起 set aside 匀出，留出（时间，金钱等）;忽视，不顾 （ignore） set about 着手;开始（后跟doing sth.） set out出发;着手/开始干...（后跟to do sth.） set down 写下;记下 set up建立（found/ establish）;（put up） bring ... back to life 使活泼，使生动，使苏醒 come to life 苏醒，活跃起来;开始 come back to life 苏醒过来;复活 seek to do sth.力求做某事
Part III. 重点句型
While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606 — 1669) , who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 尽管早在达芬奇时代一些画家就是用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗（1606年-1669年）使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。 例句中的while 译为____“虽然;尽管”_____，相当于though/although， 除此以外，while其他用法如下： （1）Tom is very good at science, while his brother is absolutely hopeless. while表示对比，位于句中，译为______ （2）You can go swimming while I’m having lunch. while译为“______” 2. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at. 该句中，不定式短语主动表被动 最后，大多数客户想要漂亮有趣的画作。 The house is to let. 这栋房子要出租。 Who is to blame for the population decline of the tigers in that area 谁应该为那个地区老虎数量的下降负责任？ The reason for global warming is not far to seek. 全球变暖的原因不难找到。 在句型 主语+ be+ adj.+ to do中 不定式主动表被动，如果不定式是不及物动词，要加上合适的介词 翻译：他很容易相处。___________________________________ 这个房间住起来很舒服。————————————————————. 3.worth adj. [不可用在名词前面] 值……的;相当于 / 具有……价值的: be worth sth: An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨 ...值得去做 sth. be (well) worth doing The book is（well）worth reading. It is worthwhile to do / doing sth（...是值得的）: It is worth/worthwhile reading/ to read the book. sth. is worthy of being done / to be done The book is worthy of being read. The book is worthy to be read. 价值 n[U]. : Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. worthless adj 无价值的;无用的
第二部分：阅读实战
阅读理解
No artist has affected Modern Art more than Pablo Ruiz Picasso. Thousands of masterpieces he had created changed the way people thought about art. Picasso was perhaps the most talented and successful artist who ever lived.
Picasso was born in 1881 in a small town on the southern coast of Spain. His father was a painter who taught art. Picasso showed exceptional talent at an early age and, by the time he was in his teens, painted better than his father or any of the local art teachers. At sixteen, Picasso was sent to the Royal Academy of Madrid, where students drew from plaster casts and copied works of the old masters. Picasso felt these assignments were pointless and began to work on his own. Picasso's father soon became angry with his son's rebellious behaviour, long hair, and strange clothes. He believed that Picasso was wasting his talent and scolded him, "Why don't you cut your hair and paint sensibly "
In 1900, Picasso left for Paris—then the centre of the art world. He lived in a cold, run-down building, painting constantly, sometimes surviving for days on only a piece of bread. During these years, his art reflected his dismal(凄凉的) surroundings. Homeless outcasts were the subject of many of his fairly realistic early paintings. After seeing African masks and sculptures, his works became more simplified and angular(有棱角的) leading up to the revolutionary new style known as Cubism.
Picasso didn't sell many of his works during these early years. But he worked continuously, always experimenting with different styles of painting. Though Picasso lived to be ninety-two and became the most famous artist in the world, he spoke of his youthful days in Paris as "the happiest time of my life".
1．What does the text mainly discuss
A．Picasso's Cubism as a revolutionary style in art.
B．Picasso as a rebel and his art.
C．Picasso's life and painting in Paris.
D．Picasso's influences on the development of Modern Art.
2．What can we know about Picasso
A．He showed unusual talent for painting in his early childhood.
B．He spent his early teens studying in the Royal Academy.
C．He became a famous painter in the world at the age of sixteen.
D．He painted more than local art teachers and gained fame.
3．When did Picasso start to reveal his rebellious spirit
A．When he was a child.
B．In his early teens.
C．When he was studying in the Royal Academy.
D．After he moved to Paris for further education.
4．What marks the turning point in his career as an artist
A．Those miserable but fruitful youthful days in Paris.
B．Those realistic paintings reflecting dismal social surroundings.
C．The influence of masks and sculptures created by native African artists.
D．Experimenting with new different styles of painting.
阅读短文，回答问题
For some people, walking or running outdoors is a great way to work out. What may not be so pleasant is seeing trash all over the ground. Well, some people are doing something about it. They are plogging!
"Plogging" began in Sweden. The name combines the Swedish word "plocka", which means "to pick up", and the word "jogging", which means "to run slowly". A Swedish man named Erik, started the movement in 2016. On the World Environment Day website, Erik says that he moved to Stockholm from a small community in northern Sweden. Each day he would ride his bike to work. Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work, he took matters into his own hands.
Plogging, by that term, may have officially begun in Sweden. But many people who exercise outdoors have been doing this for years. Take Jeff Horowitz for example. He is a personal trainer in Washington, D.C. He often picks up trash while running outside. He even has turned it into a game; he will try to pick up the trash without stopping. "I didn't know it was a thing really. This is just my personal ethics____(道德标准), where I go for a run and if I happen to see a piece of garbage lying around and it's within reach—it is a kind of a little test for me to see if I can grab it and throw it in a near trash can without stopping. And that way, I think, it gives me a little exercise and a little focus for my run. And it helps clean up the neighbourhood," he announced.
Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. Cities around the world now hold plogging events. "I would just hope people would think twice before dropping garbage on the ground. We have containers on every block. So, it's easy to put your garbage in the trash cans. I just think people should think about it a little bit more. I do hope one day there will not be a need for plogging," said an interviewee.
5．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "took matters into his own hands"
A．Called on people to join him.
B．Appealed to people to go green.
C．Began to pick up the trash.
D．Had the collected trash recycled.
6．What kind of act is plogging for many people now
A．An automatic act. B．An irresistible act.
C．An arbitrary act. D．A temporary act.
7．What is the idea that plogging events are meant to promote
A．Jogging is truly beneficial.
B．Trash cans should be within reach.
C．Littering is not acceptable.
D．Communities should be kept clean.
8．What is a suitable title for the text
A．New Exercise Enjoys Unbelievable Popularity
B．New Exercise Trend Also Helps Environment
C．Plogging—A Fashionable Way to Clear Waste
D．Plogging—An Exercise Originating in Sweden
阅读短文，回答问题
Understanding the link between the clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was noticed as early as ancient Roman times. Today we see how green living has influenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.
Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one's best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.
Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging the same. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought Instead of buying prepackaged food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.
Many people have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy prepackaged foods, Ms Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and make her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.
9．Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle
A．Bringing a reusable container to take away food.
B．Choosing devices that cost less money.
C．Turning off a device to stop using power.
D．Classifying the garbage before throwing it away.
10．What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle
A．Recyclable cardboard.
B．Excessive packaging.
C．Glass jars to store purchases.
D．Natural substances in cleaning products.
11．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．How people live a zero waste lifestyle.
B．Why Ms Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.
C．It's possible to practise a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.
D．It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.
12．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Living a Zero Waste Lifestyle
B．Going Green Is More Than a Fashion
C．A Zero Waste Lifestyle Is Easy to Achieve
D．Making Environmentally-conscious Decisions
阅读理解
Sleep is essential for a person's well-being. Researchers have found that sleep loss increases a person's risk of developing serious medical conditions. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the correlation(相关性) between sleep and grades when he handed out a device to the students in his class. Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person's activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.
As part of the research, a quarter of the participants chose a fitness class specially created for the study. After the school term ended, the researchers carefully analysed the data. Much to Grossman's surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.
However, the study presented a surprising viewpoint in the journal ScienceofLearning. Going through the large amount of data, Grossman noticed an interesting trend(趋势) from the participants' sleep patterns. There was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep and his/her grade in the exams.
Besides, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Grossman says, "We've heard the phrase ‘Get a good night's sleep. You've got a big day tomorrow.' It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it's the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most."
The time when students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in the early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher-performing student.
The research does not prove that sleep is the only component that helps improve academic performance. However, Grossman says the results are a strong indication that sleep really matters. Who knew getting A's just required some extra ZZZ's
13．What's Grossman's original purpose by using the device in the research
A．To improve students' sleep patterns.
B．To regulate students' daily behaviour.
C．To monitor students' physical condition.
D．To find effects of physical exercise on grades.
14．What did Grossman think of the research result
A．It was unexpected. B．It was changeable.
C．It was unreliable. D．It was fruitless.
15．What plays a more important part in test performance
A．Sleep in the learning stage.
B．The average amount of sleep during tests.
C．Sleep quality the night before a test.
D．A regular bedtime.
16．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Be Physically Active and Sleep More
B．Enough Sleep Benefits Our Well-being
C．Catch ZZZ's for Good Test Performance
D．The More Exercise, the Better School-work
阅读理解
Feeling achy and feverish Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally(记录) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.
Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it's unclear whether the annual flu epidemic(流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant(盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.
Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. "This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one," said Dr Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medical Centre in Burlington.
"The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn't ‘feel different' from previous years," Villanueva said. "We're not seeing a lot of people being hospitalised because of flu," he said. "Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care."
17．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．A lead-in. B．A comment.
C．A summary. D．A background.
18．What can be learned about the flu of this year according to the text
A．The outbreak of the flu of this year doesn't seem different from previous years.
B．The flu has arrived earlier than before.
C．The vaccine against the flu is highly effective.
D．Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.
19．What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean
A．Crowded. B．Changeable. C．Permanent. D．Active.
20．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To explain what flu is.
B．To rid people of flu panic.
C．To warn readers of how serious the flu is.
D．To inform readers how to prevent the flu.
阅读短文，回答问题
The brain-training app trains people to tap on images of healthy foods but to stop when they see unhealthy snacks, creating a link between these foods and stops. The new study, by the universities of Exeter and Helsinki, found that playing the game about once a day for a month led to an average one-point reduction of junk food consumption.
Generally, people who used the app more also reported great changes in their food intake. One app user wrote, "Really useful. I used to eat junk food two to four times a week and I have reduced this to once a week after using the app regularly for a month. My desire for junk food has been reduced greatly and I no longer eat in the evening mindlessly."
The study used the app's usage data, and the app regularly asked questions about how often users eat certain food, along with other information such as their age and weight. The findings suggested that using the app regularly was linked with big changes in eating habits.
The app is free and it only takes about four minutes per day, so it's something people can do not just at home but at work and elsewhere. "From our results it seems important that you do the training at regular times and don't just stop. Therefore, keep it interesting, so you won't get bored with it. Personalize the app as much as possible and pick the food that you find really hard to resist," said Natalia Lawrence, a professor of the University of Exeter.
The researchers stressed that their findings should be further proved, because there was no comparison group and other factors____(such as the possibility that people who did more training were also more motivated to lose weight) could play a part in the results.
21．What is the purpose of the brain-training app
A．To help people lose weight.
B．To explain the harm of junk food.
C．To improve people's eating habits.
D．To offer some fun games to players.
22．How does the author show the effect of the app
A．By comparing some food.
B．By making an experiment.
C．By quoting a user's comments.
D．By introducing the app's technology.
23．What is required to ensure the effectiveness of the app
A．Paying for the app.
B．Using the app regularly.
C．Updating the app quite often.
D．Choosing the right place to play the game.
24．What is the researchers' attitude towards their findings
A．Cautious. B．Clear. C．Positive. D．Disappointed.
阅读理解
Due to climate changes, Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the spring, and its area is decreasing. This is creating problems for polar bears that make their homes off northern Alaska and in Hudson Bay.
Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on the ocean. But as the ice has melted, the polar bears have been forced to spend more time on land. There, they have begun to frequent beaches, feeding on the remains of whales caught by native hunters. For polar bears, this food is less nutritious than seals that they normally catch on ice sheets. The shrinking(减少) ice has also forced more polar bears into the ocean. In the past, they only had to swim short distances between ice sheets. But as the ice has shrunk, polar bears have been forced to swim longer and longer distances in the open ocean. This poses a severe danger during rough weather, and an increasing number of drowned polar bears have been observed.
In Hudson Bay, the ice breaks up three weeks earlier in the spring now than it did 20 years ago. Polar bears in Hudson Bay fast(禁食) during the summer, waiting for ice to form in the fall to hunt. Every year, the summer gets longer, and the bears get skinnier. Over the past 25 years, the average weight of the female bears has dropped to 68 kg. This loss affects their ability to reproduce, and already the number of births has dropped by 15 percent. Unless the bears can learn to survive these climate changes, these giants of the ice may one day disappear.
25．What is Arctic ice doing earlier each year
A．It's freezing. B．It's hardening.
C．It's melting. D．It's expanding.
26．What is TRUE of polar bears that are spending more time on land in Alaska
A．Their young are dying. B．Their diet is changing.
C．Their health is improving. D．Their families are growing.
27．What does the author imply about female polar bears in Hudson Bay
A．They are having fewer young now.
B．They suffer from various sicknesses.
C．They don't need stronger protection.
D．They can't find enough good males.
28．Where is the text most likely from
A．Medical News. B．Society Today.
C．Wildlife Journal. D．Design Magazine.
阅读理解
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Centre for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing, " she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing. "
29．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
30．What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial. C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.
31．What can we learn from the text
A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
32．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
阅读理解
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt.
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
33．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
34．Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees
A．Ecological studies of forests. B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development. D．Fire control measures.
35．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre
A．Inadequate snowmelt. B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate. D．Dampness of the air.
36．What is a suitable title for the text
A．California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
阅读理解
The nine women of Bella Mondo win over yet another audience. The group is one of just a handful of all-women ensembles(乐队) in Ivory Coast.
It all started in 2007. Prisca Allou was a music student. A music producer came to see her. He said he wanted to make an all-female ensemble to keep a promise to his late mother.
Allou got on board and was charged with recruiting (招募) other members. "It wasn't easy at first. Some parents were against it. You know, in Africa, the place of women is often seen as being either in an office or at home. That was the fixed image. " Allou spread the word and took out ads in local papers. Most of the girls she found were not professional players. "I just played some tamtam. I learned to play drums when I joined Bella Mondo, " one member said. The girls spent the next four years learning to play their instruments. Many gave up along the way, but eight of them soldiered on with Allou, and Bella Mondo was founded.
The band plays original songs and covers. Their music spans a wide range of styles：funk, reggae, pop music. They released their first album in 2013. . . and have performed in Paris, Dakar, Cotonou and, of course, here at home in Abidjan.
You can see them nearly every Thursday at this bar, the same place that gave the band its start years ago. "Oh yes, I was surprised at first. A woman singing, you see that every day, but an entire band, playing all the instruments and everything It was extraordinary. I was dumbstruck. Bella Mondo is a great band, " one music fan said. The women are now working on their second album.
37．Why did the music producer want to form a female ensemble
A．To sponsor music students. B．To comfort his mother.
C．To carry out his promise. D．To win over an audience.
38．Which of the following made it hard for Allou to recruit band members
A．The band charged too much.
B．A number of parents didn't support it.
C．Most women prefer to work in a government office.
D．African women are not allowed to leave their homes.
39．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．What Allou experienced.
B．How Bella Mondo was founded.
C．Why most girls gave up halfway.
D．How the girls learned to play instruments.
40．What does the underlined word "dumbstruck" probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Astonished. B．Amused. C．Determined. D．Satisfied.
阅读理解
When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that night the wind was really blowing hard.
As my mum and I headed to the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change(零钱). My mum right away asked where they lived. They pointed to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car.
My mum said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings(兄弟姐妹). But she didn't come. Later, I found out she had gone home and put all the food in our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn't there when that happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to those people. A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remembered the face of that girl who had asked us for change. She was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.
Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to eat in a restaurant and then went back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remembered thinking the other girl didn't have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mum had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I have ever learned.
41．What can we know about the author's mother from the text
A．She is humorous. B．She is determined.
C．She is kind-hearted. D．She is selfish.
42．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．The poor family had no place to live.
B．The poor girl was older than the author.
C．The author's mother didn't know how to cook.
D．The poor girl lived near the restaurant.
43．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．It was a winter morning when the story happened.
B．There were six people in the author's family.
C．A few months later the author found out what her mother had done.
D．The author couldn't understand what her mother did.
44．What is a suitable title for the text
A．How to Support a Poor Family
B．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
C．The Hard Life of a Little Girl's Family
D．A Lesson in Kindness from My Mum
阅读理解
The problem of food borne metal contamination (污染) has taken on new urgency, thanks in part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves. More recently, high levels of lead (铅) were discovered in children's fruit puree pouches. Now, two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air, and water. As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals — lead, arsenic (砷) and cadmium (镉) — are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables. Felicia Wu, Michigan State University food scientist, is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies, Wu and her colleague, gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports. There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects. Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint, water pipes, and contaminated soil. Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets. In the study, lead showed moderate (中度的) to high risk scores for causing lung, kidney, bladder, stomach, and brain cancers. It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year, more than 6, 000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7, 000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed (归因于) to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States. The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others. These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
45．What do the new studies focus on
A．Food safety and children's health.
B．Food crops and metal contamination.
C．Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D．Metal contamination in food and health risks.
46．Why do heavy metals exist in food
A．Food crops need metal to grow well.
B．Heavy metals are added by producers.
C．They can help with scientific research.
D．Food crops grow up in polluted conditions.
47．How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A．By doing surveys online.
B．By analyzing data.
C．By performing experiments.
D．By referring to previous textbooks.
48．Which can best describe Wu's findings
A．Dramatic. B．Alarming. C．Confusing. D．Awesome.
阅读理解
"Given that signs of Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆症) start to accumulate in the brain several decades before the disease begins, understanding the connection between sleep and cognition (认知) earlier in life is critical for understanding the role of sleep problems as a risk factor for the disease," said study author Yue Leng, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco.
The study involved 526 people with an average age of 40. They were followed for 11 years. Researchers looked at participants' sleep duration and quality. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three continuous days on two occasions approximately one year apart to calculate their averages. Participants slept for an average of six hours. Participants also reported bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and completed a sleep quality survey with scores ranging from 0 to 21. A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.
Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation (碎片化), a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided into three groups based on their sleep fragmentation score. Of the 175 people with the most interrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance 10 years later, compared to 10 of the 176 people with the least interrupted sleep.
After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep. There was no difference in cognitive performance at midlife for those in the middle group compared to the group with the least interrupted sleep.
However, due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences. "More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages and to identify if critical life periods exist when sleep is more strongly associated with cognition," Leng said.
49．What do we know about Yue Leng's study
A．Data collection was an easy process.
B．It aimed to find a cure for Alzheimer's.
C．The results were far from satisfactory.
D．Higher scores mean poorer sleep quality.
50．What can we learn about sleep fragmentation in the study
A．It did require outside intervention.
B．It included a series of memory tests.
C．It measured short interruptions of sleep.
D．It determined those participants' groups.
51．What do the findings indicate according to the text
A．The quality of sleep may affect cognitive health.
B．Keeping a sleep diary can improve one's sleep quality.
C．People sleeping well won't suffer from Alzheimer's disease.
D．People with interrupted sleep won't have memory problems.
52．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The major limitation of the study.
B．An explanation of the research method.
C．A possible reason for the study findings.
D．The use of careful investigations in real life.
阅读理解When I first heard about the improv(即兴表演) classes, I was torn. As an introvert, I feared getting on stage and improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D. , so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and gain confidence thinking on my feet.
During our first class, we learned a core concept of improv: "yes, and." It means that, as improvisers, we accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos(犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say "yes" and continue with the scene as if no him is wrong.
I got a taste of how difficult that was when acting out my first scene. My classmate turned to me and said, "Mom is going to be so mad." Mad about what My mind spun out ideas, and my inner critic shot them all down. We broke the car No, that's too easy. We failed a test No, you don't want your classmates thinking you're stupid on the first day. I finally landed on an answer: "Yes, we're going to be late for dinner." The scene proceeded from there, and we eventually finished as two sisters who lost their way on a hiking trail.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable thinking on my feet and even started to enjoy our classes. I never silenced my inner critic entirely, but over time, I didn't police my words with quite so much effort. I also became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment.
That training proved useful 6 months ago, when my experiments generated unreasonable data. Early on in graduate school, I would get stuck when this happened; my inner critic would assume I had made a mistake. But then, after embracing the "yes, and" concept, instead of getting discouraged, I kept exploring the data and ended up identifying a new type of cell—one that wasn't behaving as expected. If I hadn't accepted the possibility that the results were real, I would have missed out on the most exciting finding of my Ph.D. so far.
All scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it's worth investigating whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. Our job as scientists isn't to generate data that support a preconceived(预想的) story. Our job is to say "yes, and."
53．Why did the author take the improve classes
A．To improve her logical mind.
B．To finish her Ph.D. assignment.
C．To develop her communication skills.
D．To pursue her interest in performance.
54．How did the author feel during the first scene
A．Conflicted. B．Bored. C．Discouraged. D．Embarrassed.
55．According to the author, in her experiments, "yes, and" helped her ____.
A．accept failures B．make a new discovery
C．make up for a mistake D．correct unreasonable data
56．What can we learn from this passage
A．The unknown can be an inspiration.
B．The unexpected can be rewarding,
C．The unfortunate can be a chance.
D．The unusual can be decisive.
阅读理解
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was "not athletic".
The idea that I was "not athletic" stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realised running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finishing line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the starting line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign:"GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!"
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my loyal supporter. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a "marathon winner".
57．What can we learn about the author before the marathon
A．He was well trained.
B．He felt scared.
C．He made up his mind to run.
D．He lost hope.
58．Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year
A．To appreciate the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
59．How was the author's first marathon
A．He made it. B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize. D．He walked to the end.
60．What does the text mainly tell us
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
阅读理解
A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relax on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.
The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的) effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it was possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, "Why don't we use water "
A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction(摩擦) to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.
It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.
This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction. Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.
"The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics," says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. "This work is a step towards harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic devices we use every day," he says.
"Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab," Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.
61．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By telling a story. B．By raising a question.
C．By imagining a situation. D．By giving an example.
62．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The wire. B．The electricity.
C．The surface. D．The drop of water.
63．What is unique about Ma's technique compared with earlier experiments
A．It is based on the triboelectric effect.
B．The water itself acts as an electrode.
C．It produces electricity from water-made friction.
D．It uses a surface covered with two different materials.
64．What does Oshman say about Ma's technology
A．It has a promising future.
B．It will do well on an umbrella.
C．It works well in the real world.
D．It will replace batteries someday.
阅读理解
Born in France, but raised in Spain,linguistics and literature professor Juan José Ciruela Alférez from the University of Granada is passionate about Chinese literature and has been doing some research about it. With painstaking effort, his Spanish translation of a Chinese classic was published last year.
Ciruela said translating the novel was an interesting challenge. In recent years, many Chinese works have been introduced to Spain. However, as most of them had been translated first into English and then from that language into Spanish, much of the originality,was lost. For this reason, when the Spanish publishing house Kailas contacted Ciruela to translate it directly from Chinese, he accepted the mission immediately, even if it presented difficulties like a heavy workload within a short time limit.
"I encountered various difficulties, especially at the beginning of the task," said Ciruela in an interview. "This novel, in particular, needs a prior reading process in which the translator gets into the plot and the characters, since at first it is difficult to enter the world that the novel constantly raises. So I read the novel first in Chinese, paying attention to all those details and how all of that could be translated in a way that the Spanish readers would understand."
For Ciruela, the most important criterion when translating is fidelity(忠诚) to the original text. While it is true that one cannot always be strictly faithful, he believes translators should not be too far from original texts. For example, the translation of culturemes (expressions of culture in language) is quite complicated due to the cultural gap between Spanish and Chinese. Ciruela believes that these must always be appropriate to the specific function they perform within the text, in each specific case and moment.
65．What does the underlined phrase"that language" probably refer to
A．Spanish. B．English. C．Chinese. D．French.
66．What caused Ciruela to translate the Chinese classic
A．His passion for Spanish literature.
B．His determination to popularize it.
C．The lack of its direct translation into Spanish.
D．The loss of diversity in Spanish translation.
67．What aspect of the translation task does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Its barrier. B．Its principle.
C．Its style. D．Its meaning.
68．What does Ciruela think is the most important in translation
A．Meeting readers' needs.
B．Targeting cultural phenomena.
C．Bridging the cultural gap.
D．Being loyal to the original text.
答案
1．B
2．A
3．C
4．C
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．B
9．A
10．B
11．C
12．A
13．D
14．A
15．A
16．B
17．A
18．A
19．D
20．B
21．C
22．C
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．D
35．C
36．A
37．C
38．B
39．B
40．A
41．C
42．D
43．B
44．D
45．D
46．D
47．B
48．B
49．D
50．C
51．A
52．A
53．C
54．A
55．B
56．B
57．C
58．C
59．A
60．B
61．C
62．D
63．B
64．A
65．B
66．C
67．A
68．D