2024年9月19日+时政类语篇型填空专项训练（美联储降息）（4篇，含答案与译文）-2025届高三英语二轮复习专项
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024年9月19日+时政类语篇型填空专项训练（美联储降息）（4篇，含答案与译文）-2025届高三英语二轮复习专项 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 27.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-15 13:45:48 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2024年9月19日 时政类语篇型填空专项训练（美联储降息）
US Fed slashes rates by 50 basis points, first rate cut in four years
Passage 1
The US Federal Reserve on Wednesday slashed interest rates by 50 basis points amid cooling inflation and a weakening labor market,1. (mark) the first rate cut in over four years.
"The Committee has gained greater 2. (confident) that inflation is moving sustainably toward 2 percent, and judges 3. the risks to achieving its 4. (employ) and inflation goals are roughly in balance," the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), the central bank's policy-setting body, said in a 5. (state).
"In light of the progress on inflation and the balance of risks, the Committee decided 6. (lower) the target range for the federal funds rate 7. 1/2 percentage point to 4-3/4 to 5 percent," the FOMC said.
This signals the start of an 8. (ease) cycle. Starting from March 2022, the Fed had raised rates consecutively for 11 times to combat inflation not seen in forty years, 9. (push) the target range for the federal funds rate 10. to between 5.25 percent and 5.5 percent, the highest level in over two decades.
Passage 2
After 1. (maintain) rates at the high level for over a year, the Fed's tight monetary policy faced 2. (press) to pivot due to the easing of inflationary pressures, signs of weakening in the job market, and 3. (slow) economic growth.
"This 4. (decide) reflects our growing confidence 5. , with an appropriate recalibration of our policy stance, strength in the labor market can be maintained in a context of moderate growth and inflation moving sustainably down 6. 2 percent," Fed Chair Jerome Powell said at a press conference after the Fed's two-day 7. (meet).
8. asked about this "larger-than-typical rate cut," Powell 9. (acknowledge) that it's "a strong move," while noting that "we don't think we're behind. We think this is timely, but I think you can take this as a sign of our 10. (commit) not to get behind."
Passage 3
The Fed chair pointed 1. that inflation "has eased substantially" from a peak of 7 percent 2. an estimated 2.2 percent as of August, 3. (refer) to the personal 4. (consume) expenditures (PCE) price index, the Fed's preferred inflation gauge.
According to the Fed's latest quarterly summary of 5. (economy) projections 6. (release) Wednesday, Fed officials' median projection of PCE inflation is 2.3 percent 7. the end of this year, down from 2.6 percent in June projection.
Powell noted that in the labor market, 8. (condition) have continued to cool. Payroll job gains averaged 116,000 per month over the past three months, "a notable step down from the pace seen earlier in the year," he said, while 9. (add) that the unemployment rate has moved up but remains low at 4.2 percent.
The median unemployment rate projection, meanwhile, 10. (show) that unemployment rate would rise to 4.4 percent at the end of this year, up from 4.0 percent in June projection.
Passage 4
The quarterly economic projections also showed 1. Fed officials' median projection for the appropriate level 2. the federal funds rate will be 4.4 percent at the end of this year, down from the 5.1 percent in June projection.
"All 19 of the (FOMC) 3. (participate) 4. (write) down multiple cuts this year. All 19. That's a big change from June," Powell told reporters, referring 5. the closely-watched dot plot, 6. each FOMC participant sees the Fed funds rate heading.
The newly released dot plot 7. (show) that nine out of the 19 members expect the equivalent of 50 more basis points of cuts by end of this year, while seven members expect a 25 basis point cut.
"We are not 8. any preset course. You will continue 9. (make) our decisions meeting by 10. (meet)," Powell said.
参考答案
参考答案1
1. marking 2.confidence 3.that 4.employment 5.statement
6.to lower 7.by 8.easing 9.pushing 10.up
参考译文1
在通胀降温和劳动力市场疲软的背景下，美联储周三将利率下调 50 个基点，这是四年多来首次降息。
美国央行政策制定机构联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）在一份声明中表示：“委员会对通胀率持续向2%迈进的信心增强，并判断实现就业和通胀目标的风险大致平衡。”
联邦公开市场委员会表示：“考虑到通胀进展和风险平衡，委员会决定将联邦基金利率目标区间下调 0.5 个百分点，至 4.75 至 5%。”
这标志着宽松周期的开始。自2022年3月以来，美联储已连续11次加息以对抗40年来未见的通胀，将联邦基金利率目标区间推高至5.25%至5.5%之间，创20多年来最高水平。
参考答案2
1.maintaining 2.pressure 3.slowing 4.decision 5.that
6.to 7.meeting 8.When 9.acknowledged mitment
参考译文2
在维持利率在高位超过一年后，由于通胀压力缓解、就业市场出现疲软迹象以及经济增长放缓，美联储紧缩货币政策面临转向压力。
美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在为期两天的会议后的新闻发布会上表示：“这一决定反映出我们越来越有信心，只要适当调整我们的政策立场，在经济温和增长、通胀率持续降至 2% 的背景下，劳动力市场的强劲势头就可以保持。”
当被问及这次“超乎寻常的降息幅度”时，鲍威尔承认这是“一个强有力的举措”，同时指出“我们认为我们没有落后。我们认为这是及时的，但我认为你可以把这看作是我们承诺不落后的标志。”
参考答案3
1.out 2.to 3.referring 4.consumption 5.economic
6.released 7.at 8.conditions 9.adding 10.showed
参考译文3
美联储主席指出，通胀率“已大幅下降”，从8月份7%的高位降至预计的2.2%，他指的是个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数，这是美联储优先考虑的通胀指标。
根据美联储周三发布的最新季度经济预测摘要，美联储官员对今年年底PCE通胀的预测中值为2.3%，低于6月份预测的2.6%。
鲍威尔指出，劳动力市场状况持续降温。过去三个月，就业岗位平均每月增加 11.6 万个，“与今年早些时候的速度相比明显放缓”，他表示，同时补充说，失业率有所上升，但仍处于 4.2% 的低位。
与此同时，失业率中值预测显示，今年年底失业率将升至 4.4%，高于 6 月份预测的 4.0%。
参考答案4
1.that 2.of 3.participants 4.wrote 5.to
6.where 7.shows 8.on 9.to make 10.meeting
参考译文4
季度经济预测还显示，美联储官员对今年年底联邦基金利率适当水平的预测中值为4.4%，低于6月份预测的5.1%。
鲍威尔在谈到备受关注的点阵图时对记者表示：“所有 19 位 FOMC 成员都预测今年将多次降息。所有 19 位成员都预测了美联储基金利率的走向，这与 6 月份相比有很大变化。”
最新发布的点图显示，19 个成员国中有 9 个预计今年年底前利率将再降息 50 个基点，7 个成员国预计利率将再降息 25 个基点。
鲍威尔表示：“我们没有按照任何既定路线行事。你们将继续通过会议作出决定。”
US Fed slashes rates by 50 basis points, first rate cut in four years
Passage 1
The US Federal Reserve on Wednesday slashed interest rates by 50 basis points amid cooling inflation and a weakening labor market,1. (mark) the first rate cut in over four years.
"The Committee has gained greater 2. (confident) that inflation is moving sustainably toward 2 percent, and judges 3. the risks to achieving its 4. (employ) and inflation goals are roughly in balance," the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), the central bank's policy-setting body, said in a 5. (state).
"In light of the progress on inflation and the balance of risks, the Committee decided 6. (lower) the target range for the federal funds rate 7. 1/2 percentage point to 4-3/4 to 5 percent," the FOMC said.
This signals the start of an 8. (ease) cycle. Starting from March 2022, the Fed had raised rates consecutively for 11 times to combat inflation not seen in forty years, 9. (push) the target range for the federal funds rate 10. to between 5.25 percent and 5.5 percent, the highest level in over two decades.
Passage 2
After 1. (maintain) rates at the high level for over a year, the Fed's tight monetary policy faced 2. (press) to pivot due to the easing of inflationary pressures, signs of weakening in the job market, and 3. (slow) economic growth.
"This 4. (decide) reflects our growing confidence 5. , with an appropriate recalibration of our policy stance, strength in the labor market can be maintained in a context of moderate growth and inflation moving sustainably down 6. 2 percent," Fed Chair Jerome Powell said at a press conference after the Fed's two-day 7. (meet).
8. asked about this "larger-than-typical rate cut," Powell 9. (acknowledge) that it's "a strong move," while noting that "we don't think we're behind. We think this is timely, but I think you can take this as a sign of our 10. (commit) not to get behind."
Passage 3
The Fed chair pointed 1. that inflation "has eased substantially" from a peak of 7 percent 2. an estimated 2.2 percent as of August, 3. (refer) to the personal 4. (consume) expenditures (PCE) price index, the Fed's preferred inflation gauge.
According to the Fed's latest quarterly summary of 5. (economy) projections 6. (release) Wednesday, Fed officials' median projection of PCE inflation is 2.3 percent 7. the end of this year, down from 2.6 percent in June projection.
Powell noted that in the labor market, 8. (condition) have continued to cool. Payroll job gains averaged 116,000 per month over the past three months, "a notable step down from the pace seen earlier in the year," he said, while 9. (add) that the unemployment rate has moved up but remains low at 4.2 percent.
The median unemployment rate projection, meanwhile, 10. (show) that unemployment rate would rise to 4.4 percent at the end of this year, up from 4.0 percent in June projection.
Passage 4
The quarterly economic projections also showed 1. Fed officials' median projection for the appropriate level 2. the federal funds rate will be 4.4 percent at the end of this year, down from the 5.1 percent in June projection.
"All 19 of the (FOMC) 3. (participate) 4. (write) down multiple cuts this year. All 19. That's a big change from June," Powell told reporters, referring 5. the closely-watched dot plot, 6. each FOMC participant sees the Fed funds rate heading.
The newly released dot plot 7. (show) that nine out of the 19 members expect the equivalent of 50 more basis points of cuts by end of this year, while seven members expect a 25 basis point cut.
"We are not 8. any preset course. You will continue 9. (make) our decisions meeting by 10. (meet)," Powell said.
参考答案
参考答案1
1. marking 2.confidence 3.that 4.employment 5.statement
6.to lower 7.by 8.easing 9.pushing 10.up
参考译文1
在通胀降温和劳动力市场疲软的背景下，美联储周三将利率下调 50 个基点，这是四年多来首次降息。
美国央行政策制定机构联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）在一份声明中表示：“委员会对通胀率持续向2%迈进的信心增强，并判断实现就业和通胀目标的风险大致平衡。”
联邦公开市场委员会表示：“考虑到通胀进展和风险平衡，委员会决定将联邦基金利率目标区间下调 0.5 个百分点，至 4.75 至 5%。”
这标志着宽松周期的开始。自2022年3月以来，美联储已连续11次加息以对抗40年来未见的通胀，将联邦基金利率目标区间推高至5.25%至5.5%之间，创20多年来最高水平。
参考答案2
1.maintaining 2.pressure 3.slowing 4.decision 5.that
6.to 7.meeting 8.When 9.acknowledged mitment
参考译文2
在维持利率在高位超过一年后，由于通胀压力缓解、就业市场出现疲软迹象以及经济增长放缓，美联储紧缩货币政策面临转向压力。
美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在为期两天的会议后的新闻发布会上表示：“这一决定反映出我们越来越有信心，只要适当调整我们的政策立场，在经济温和增长、通胀率持续降至 2% 的背景下，劳动力市场的强劲势头就可以保持。”
当被问及这次“超乎寻常的降息幅度”时，鲍威尔承认这是“一个强有力的举措”，同时指出“我们认为我们没有落后。我们认为这是及时的，但我认为你可以把这看作是我们承诺不落后的标志。”
参考答案3
1.out 2.to 3.referring 4.consumption 5.economic
6.released 7.at 8.conditions 9.adding 10.showed
参考译文3
美联储主席指出，通胀率“已大幅下降”，从8月份7%的高位降至预计的2.2%，他指的是个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数，这是美联储优先考虑的通胀指标。
根据美联储周三发布的最新季度经济预测摘要，美联储官员对今年年底PCE通胀的预测中值为2.3%，低于6月份预测的2.6%。
鲍威尔指出，劳动力市场状况持续降温。过去三个月，就业岗位平均每月增加 11.6 万个，“与今年早些时候的速度相比明显放缓”，他表示，同时补充说，失业率有所上升，但仍处于 4.2% 的低位。
与此同时，失业率中值预测显示，今年年底失业率将升至 4.4%，高于 6 月份预测的 4.0%。
参考答案4
1.that 2.of 3.participants 4.wrote 5.to
6.where 7.shows 8.on 9.to make 10.meeting
参考译文4
季度经济预测还显示，美联储官员对今年年底联邦基金利率适当水平的预测中值为4.4%，低于6月份预测的5.1%。
鲍威尔在谈到备受关注的点阵图时对记者表示：“所有 19 位 FOMC 成员都预测今年将多次降息。所有 19 位成员都预测了美联储基金利率的走向，这与 6 月份相比有很大变化。”
最新发布的点图显示，19 个成员国中有 9 个预计今年年底前利率将再降息 50 个基点，7 个成员国预计利率将再降息 25 个基点。
鲍威尔表示：“我们没有按照任何既定路线行事。你们将继续通过会议作出决定。”