2025年人教版英语九年级“集五福”特色寒假作业“第二关”:语法福(含解析)

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名称 2025年人教版英语九年级“集五福”特色寒假作业“第二关”:语法福(含解析)
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集福“第二关”:语法福
Day 7专题01 情态动词的用法
【知识积累·练前热身】
(一)can的基本用法
⑴ 表示体力或智力上的能力, 即“能够, 会”, 可与be able to转换。
例:
He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.
—Can you play basketball
— No, I can’t.
如果表示将来具备的能力, 要用will be able to。
例:
If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.
⑵ 表示许可, 主要用于口语, 书面语一般用may。
例:
—Can we go home now, please
— No, you can’t.
You can only smoke in this room.
You can’t keep the library books for more than a month.
与第一、二人称连用时, 还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里, 也可用could使语气婉转。
例:
Can / Could we meet again next week 下周我们可以再见面吗
—What shall we do 我们怎么办呢
— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。
You can / could help me with the cooking. 你可以帮我做饭。
⑶ 表示否定推测“一定不是”, 一般用在否定句中。
例:
Whose football is this It can’t belong to Mary ,because she doesn’t like playing football.
1.—Andy, ________ you hand in your science report before Friday
—OK. No problem.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
2.Dogs ________ provide company and reduce feelings of loneliness.
A.can B.should C.must D.need
3.—Jim, could I use your computer
—Yes, of course you ________.
A.could B.can C.must D.should
4.—Kate, ________ I use your eraser
—Sure, here it is.
A.should B.must C.can D.need
5.This man ________ be my Dad. He has gone to America, and next month he’ll be back.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.might
(二)may的基本用法
⑴ 表示“许可”, 用can比较口语化。
例:
You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来, 你就来。
You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。
(may not表示按规定不许可, 如果用mustn’t则表示说话人不许可。)
—May I smoke here 我可以在这里抽烟吗
—No, you mustn’t. 不行。(mustn’t表示明确的禁止。)
⑵ 肯定句中表示推测, “可能”。
例:
It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。
The news may not be true. 这个消息可能不会是真的。
注意:如果在疑问句中表示“可能”, 通常用can。
例:
Can it be true 那会是真的吗
Who can he be 他究竟是谁呢
⑶ 【注意】:—May I/we……
—Yes, you may./—No, you mustn’t.
6.—Excuse me, ________ I feed the pet dog
—Sorry, you can’t.
A.would B.may C.must D.should
7.When you make a fresh salad, you ______ add your favorite fruit if you would like to.
A.may B.should C.must D.have to
8.—Do you believe that personalities depend on star signs
—It _______ be true, but don’t take it seriously.
A.may B.must C.can’t D.shouldn’t
9.—What are you going to do this afternoon
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to the library.
A.must B.may C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
10.—It’s our duty to protect the wild animals in our country, right
—Of course! If we don’t protect them, they die out one day.
A.can B.may C.need D.should
(三)must的基本用法
⑴ 表示必须, 强调说话人的主观意志。
例:
I must go now, or I’ll be late.
You must be here by ten o’clock.
【注意】:表示“必须“时, must的否定式为needn’t , 或don’t have to ,而不是mustn’t。
也就是:
—Must I/we do it now?
—Yes, you must .
—No, you needn’t /don’t have to .
当must提问时, 肯定回答用must。否定回答用needn’t 和don’t have to
例:
—Must I go with them
—No, you needn’t , 或don’t have to.
⑵ 表示推测, 一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。
例:
She didn’t look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看, 一定是生气了。
He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英语好, 准知道这个词。
You must be Mr. Jones. 想必您就是琼斯先生吧
【must VS have to】
①must 和have to 都有”必须”的含义, 但侧重点不同:
must强调说话者主观(自己)的看法。
have to强调客观(外力作用)的需要, 也可以翻译为“不得不”。
例如:
I must go to school and learn some Knowledge.我必须会学校上课学一些知识。(自己要回)
I have to go to school because the holiday is over.假期结束了我不得不回学校上课了。
②must 没有人称和数的变化, 而have to有动词单三形式:has to和 动词过去式:had to将来时:will have to
11.—Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith
—No, you ________.
A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D.can’t
12.Your handwriting is so poor. You ________ practice writing more often.
A.may B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t
13.You ________ set out alone, or you ________ get lost in the jungle.
A.needn’t; may B.mustn’t; might C.can’t; needn’t D.mustn’t; must
14.—Where is Jack
— He ______ be in the chemistry laboratory. He is studying his chemistry test there.
A.must B.might C.can’t
15.—Whose notebook is this
—I think it__________ belong to Carla. Look, her name is on it.
A.must B.can C.might
(四)should的用法
(1)用来提供帮助、提出建议,要求对方给出意见。
如:Should I help you with the community affairs 我可以帮你做一些社区事务吗?
Should we clean the classroom now 现在我们可以打扫教室吗?
(2)表达义务、职责等。
如:I think today’s children should really learn to respect their elders.
我认为今天的孩子应该好好学习尊敬长辈。
You should (= ought to ) tell your mother about it at once. 你应该立即把此事告诉你妈妈。
He should work harder. 他应该更加努力。
You should help your mother with the housework. 你应该帮你母亲做家务。
16.Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t C.should D.shouldn’t
17.Whenever somebody offers you a cigarette, you ________ say no.
A.may B.can C.should D.would
18.To keep children staying away from danger in the street, parents ________ always tell them the traffic rules.
A.should B.may C.could D.might
19.—Mum, can I have some fried chicken
—You’d better not. You ________ eat some healthier food.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.need D.should
20.Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves.
A.should B.might C.could D.would
(五)need的用法
need既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者都只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。 need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。
1. need的用法
(1)need可用作实义动词,意为"需要;必要",后面可接名词、动名词或动词不定式等作宾语。注意"need doing"表示被动意义,相当于need to be done。
例如:
I need a dictionary, so I need to go to the bookstore. 我需要一本词典,因此我要去趟书店。
How often does your hair need washing (need to be washed) 你的头发需要多久洗一次?
(2)need可用作情态动词,通常用于疑问句和否定句中,后接动词原形。这时need没有人称和数的变化,也没有时态的变化,need后加do,否定形式为need not。例如:
It’s only eight o’clock. Need you go so early 才八点。你需要去这么早吗?
Yes, I must. / No, I needn’t.是的,我必须去/ 不,我不需要了。
You needn’t tell him about it as I have told him. 你不必跟他说那件事,我已经告诉他了
21.You ________ worry about your brother. He will get well soon.
A.must B.needn’t C.may D.can’t
22.—________ we wear masks while going out
—Yes, we ________, to keep ourselves safe.
A.Can; could B.Need; must C.Should; can D.Need; may
23.There are many eggs in the fridge. We _________ buy any more.
A.don’t need B.needn’t to C.don’t need to D.need to
24.You ________ the party this evening if you have something else to do.
A.don’t need come B.need to come C.needn’t come D.need come
25.Whizz-kid Alex _________ much sleep as she seldom goes to bed before 11:30 p.m.
A.needn’t B.doesn’t need to C.doesn’t need D.not need
Day 8专题02 不定式
【知识积累·练前热身】
(一)动词不定式作主语
1.动词不定式做主语,谓语动词用单数。
eg: 学好英语对我们来说很重要
To learn English well is important for us.
2.不定式或不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,构成“It + adj. + for sb. + to do sth 做某事对某人来说是...”,此时不定式是真正的主语。
eg: It is important for us to learn English well.
eg: 超速很危险 It's dangerous to drive very fast.
注意It + adj. + for sb. + to do sth和It + adj. + of sb. + to do sth这两个句型的区别
for:描述不定式的行为特征(如:important/ easy/ interesting)
of: 描述主语的品质特征(如:kind/ nice/ friendly/ foolish)
eg: 她能做出这样的事来,她也太蠢了
It's foolish of her to do such a thing.
eg: 你帮助了我,你真是太好了
It's kind of you to help me.
(二)动词不定式作宾语
1. 直接放动词后作宾语
eg: 我想买一台新电脑 I want to buy a new computer.
eg: 她希望能找到一份更好的工作
She hopes to find a better job.
常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:hope, refuse, learn, need, choose, decide, agree, start, begin, like, try, plan,expect, want, 等等.
2. 不定式作宾语,用it作形式宾语。
think/ consider/ find /make it + adj.+ to do 觉得/认为/发现/使得 做...是怎样的。这里的it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式。
eg: 我认为再和他谈一次是很有必要的
I think it necessary to talk to him again.
eg: 我发现很难入睡 I found it difficult to fall asleep.
(三)用作宾补(V.+ sb. + to do)
1.用作宾补(V.+ sb. + to do)
eg: 她要我帮她
She asked me to help her.
eg: 老师告诉他让他准时来
The teacher told him to come on time.
eg: 汤姆的妈妈教他读英语
Tom’s mother taught him to read English.
常用动词不定式作宾补的动词有:
want/wish/ask/invite/expect/order/allow/tell/help/warn/ would like/ sb to do
2.省去带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:(V. + sb. + do)
一感:feel 二听:listen to,hear
三让: let, make, have 四看:look at, see, watch, notice
eg: 让我来做吧 Let me do it.
eg: 我看见他过了马路 I saw him cross the street.
比较:I heard her singing in the next room.
I heard her sing in the next room.
感官动词后既可跟省to的不定式作宾补,也可跟现在分词ing作宾补,区别是跟现在分词强调动作正在进行,跟不定式强调动作的全过程
eg: 我看见一个男孩正在打篮球
I saw a boy playing basketball.
eg: 我目睹了一起事故的发生
I saw an accident happen
(四)动词不定式作表语
eg: 他的工作是照顾病人
Her job is to look after the patients.
eg: 我的梦想是当一名歌手
My dream is to be a singer
eg: 他的工作是打扫房间
His work is to clean the room.
(五)动词不定式作状语
不定式作状语可表示原因、结果或目的。
eg: 我来这是为了见你
I came here to see you. 表目的
eg: 听到这个消息我很开心
I am very glad to hear the news. 表原因
表原因的句型中常用be + adj. to do 结构,
如:be sorry/happy/glad/nice/… to do sth.
eg: 这个盒子太重了以至于搬不动
This box is too heavy to move. 表结果
eg: 她回来拿她的英语书
She came back to get her English book. 表目的
不定式作结果状语常有以下句型:
1. too + adj./adv. + to do sth. 太......以至于不能
eg: 他太小了以至于还不能上学
He is too young to go to school.
2. (not) + adj./adv. + enough + to do sth.(不)足以...
eg: 这个问题简单到足以做出来
This problem is easy enough to work out
He is not old enough to go to school.
(六)疑问词 + 不定式
不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where连用构成不定式短语,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。
eg: 问题是什么时候出发
The question is when to start. 作表语
eg: 我不知道如何使用电脑
I don’t know how to use the computer. 作宾语
eg: 他会告诉你在哪里可以得到这本书
He can tell you where to get the book. 作宾补
eg: 做什么是一个重要的问题
What to do is an important problem. 作主语
1.It is important for everyone ________ water and electricity in his life.
A.save B.saving C.to save D.saved
2.—Is ________ important for students ________ healthy habits
—Of course.
A.it; have B.it; to have C.that; have D.that; to have
3._________ is important for us to study English well.
A.It B.This C.That D.These
4.—It’s very kind ________ you ________ me carry the heavy luggage. Thank you so much.
—It’s my pleasure.
A.for; to help B.of; helping C.of; to help D.for; helping
5.—Is it helpful ________ us ________ about some foreign customs
—Yes, it is. We should pay attention to them before we travel abroad.
A.of; learning B.for; learning
C.of; to learn D.for; to learn
6.When people want to relax themselves, they prefer ________ TV or listen to music rather than ________ out.
A.watching; hanging B.watching; to hang C.to watch; hang D.to watch; hanging
7.My grandmother will come back from Australia. I can’t wait ________ her.
A.see B.seeing C.to see
8.He failed ________ up to the top of the mountain because he was too tired.
A.Climbed B.climb C.to climb D.climbing
9.We want to be friends of the Earth. We promise ______ the Earth.
A.not pollute B.not polluting C.not to pollute
10.—Mum, my bike is broken. It requires ________.
—Don’t worry. Your dad will have it ________ soon.
repairing; repaired B.to be repaired; repairing
C.to repair; to repair D.repairing; to be repaired
11.Max’s parents always encourage him_________ out his opinions.
A.to speak B.speaking C.will speak D.speaks
12.Every summer, our teachers warn us ________ in the river because it’s dangerous.
A.not to swim B.swimming C.to swim
13.My parents and teachers always ________ me ________ progress. So I have to work hard.
A.hope; to make B.wish; make C.expect; make D.expect; to make
14.My English teacher advised me ________ aloud every morning. Her words have a great influence ________ me.
A.reading; to B.to read; to C.to read; on D.reading; on
15.My parents often ask me ________. It’s bad for our health.
A.stay up late B.to stay up late
C.not stay up late D.not to stay up late
16.—After the hard work, what we want to do is ________ a rest. —That’s right.
A.to have B.having C.have
17.We should remember the most important thing is ________.
A.keep safe B.to keep safe C.keeps safe
18.—It’s important to keep ahead on safety.
—Well. My advice is ________ some basic first-aid knowledge.
A.knows B.knew C.to know
19.—Have you heard of the YAU Mathematical Sciences Leaders Program
—Of course. Its aim is ______ top math talents in China.
A.training B.to train C.trained
20.My dream is ________ around the world before I am 70 years old.
A.travel B.traveling C.on traveling D.to travel
21.During a job interview, interviewees are called in ______ general introductions.
A.making B.to make C.made
22.________ to Changchun High-speed Railway Station, we can take Subway Line 1 and transfer (换乘) at Jiefang Road to Subway Line 2.
A.Go B.To go C.Going D.Gone
23.Parents always do everything they can ________ their family.
A.support B.to support C.supporting
24.Jenny is afraid ________ by plane. She always feels nervous when getting on it.
A.to travel B.travelling C.travels D.travel
25.Betty was excited ________ her favorite table tennis player yesterday afternoon.
A.see B.saw C.seeing D.to see
26.Kids under 12 years old are _________ young _________ watch such scary movies.
A.enough; to B.so; that C.such; that D.too; to
27.I think he is ________ go to school.
A.enough old B.old enough C.enough old to D.old enough to
28.—Would you please tell me ________ next
—Think it over, and you’ll find a good way.
A.how to do B.where to do C.what to do D.when to do
29.I really don’t know ________ to leave for the village by bike.
A.when B.where C.what D.how
30.—What’s wrong with you You looked worried.
—I have many problems to solve. But I don’t know ________ first.
A.where to deal with B.when to deal with
C.how to deal with D.which to deal with
31.I was thinking about ________ to spend my holidays.
A.who B.what C.where D.which
32.Friends know when _________ advice _________ what to do.
A.giving; on B.to give; in C.giving; on D.to give; on
Day 9专题03动词时态
【知识积累·练前热身】
(一) 一般现在时
1.结构
主语+ am/ is/are或动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他.
I often visit my grandparents in the countryside.
2.使用语境
(1) 表示现阶段经常性或习惯性的动作。
Lily usually plays chess with her brother.
(2) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。
Light travels faster than sound.
(3) 在 if, unless, as soon as, when, once, until 等引导的条件状语从句或时间状语从句中, 从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
If it doesn't rain, we' ll go to the park.
(4) 在某些以 here或 there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
Here comes the bus./ There goes the bell.
(5) 表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,但仅限于 start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等词。
The train leaves at six tomorrow.
3.标志词
(1) 频度副词: often, seldom, usually, sometimes等;
(2) 频率词组: once a year, twice a day等;
(3) 其他词组: on Sundays, every day/ year等。
(二)一般过去时
1.结构
主语+ was/ were 或动词过去式+其他.
Last week, I visited my grandparents in the countryside.
2.使用语境
(1) 表示过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态,或过去经常发生的动作。
We went to the city library yesterday.
(2) 在since 引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
He has learned a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.
(3)有些句子中没有明确的表示过去时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态,也应用一般过去时。
What was the final score (说话时比分已经出来了)
3.标志词:
(1) yesterday类: yesterday morning, the day before yesterday等;
(2) ago 词组: three days ago, two months ago 等;
(3) last词组: last week, last night等;
(4) 其他: just now, in the past, in 1995等。
(三)一般将来时
1.结构
主语+ will+动词原形或 be going to+动词原形+其他.
I will visit my grandparents in the countryside this Sunday.
2.使用语境
(1) 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
I will go hiking with my friends tomorrow.
(2) begoing to+动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.(客观迹象)
(3) 表示某种必然的趋势。
Fish will die without water.
(4)主将从现。
If it doesn't rain, we' ll go on a picnic as planned.
3.标志词
(1) tomorrow类: tomorrow afternoon, the day after tomorrow等;
(2) next 词组: next week, next year等;
(3) in+一段时间/将来时间: in three days, in 2035, in the future等;
(4) this类: this evening等。
(四)现在进行时
1.结构
主语+ am/ is/ are+v.-ing+其他.
I am visiting my grandparents in the countryside now.
2.使用语境
(1) 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
I am watching an interesting movie.
(2) 表示一段时间内一直做的事情或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。
They are studying hard these days for the exam.
(3)表示计划或者安排好的将来要做的事情,此类动词有 come, go, leave, fly, start, arrive等。
My father is leaving for Shanghai on business next week.
(4) 现在进行时和 always等副词连用时,主要用于表达反复出现的习惯性动作,并带有一定的感彩。He's always criticizing me. 他总是批评我。
3.标志词: now, at the moment, look, listen, these days, at present, when/ while 从句等。
过去进行时
1.结构
主语+ was/ were+v.-ing+其他
I was visiting my grandparents in the countryside at that time.
2.使用语境
(1) 表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。
He was sweeping the floor at ten yesterday.
(2)表示一个动作发生时,另外一个动作正在进行,常与 when, while, as引导的时间状语从句连用。
①在 when引导的时间状语从句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。
When he called me, I was having dinner.
②在 while引导的时间状语从句中,主句与从句均用过去进行时,表示动作在过去某一时刻同时进行, while意为“当……的时候, 同时”。
She was reading books while her daughter was drawing pictures.
(3)过去进行时常和 always等频度副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。
Alice was always changing her mind.(表示厌烦)
标志词: then, at this time yesterday, at that time, at ten yesterday, when/ while/ as 引导的表过去时间的状语从句等。
(六)现在完成时
1.结构
主语+ have/ has+ done+其他.
I have visited my grandparents in the countryside twice this month.
2.使用语境
(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
He has cleaned the room.
(2)表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许还要持续下去,常和 for, since连用,表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。
Chinese paper cutting has been a popular art since ancient times.
3. 标志词: yet, ever, already, so far, over time, in the past three years, for+时间段,since+时间点/从句等。
4.注意:
1). have been to / have gone to / have been in 的区别
have been to+地点 表示曾经去过某地, 现人已返回。(once, twice…)
have gone to+地点 表示人已去了某地, 人还未返回。(where is sb )
have been in+地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。(for……/ since ……)
2).与时间段连用时,短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。
Come/ go to - - - - - - be at / in leave - - - - be away from buy - - - - have borrow / lend - - - - - keep open - - - be open close---be closed die--dead start/ begin - - - - be on join----be in / be a member of / be a soldier become-be make friend---be friend get up - - - be up fall asleep - - - be asleep catch a cold-have a cold reach/ get/ arrive---stay/ be
3).现在完成时的四种句型:
A).主语+短暂性动词的过去式+ 时间+ ago
B).主语+ have/ has+延续性动词的过去分词+ for..../ since .... ago.
C). It's +时间段+ since+短暂性动词的过去式
D).时间段+ has passed+ since+短暂性动词的过去式
His grandfather died two years ago.
His grandfather has been dead for two years.
It's two years since his grandfather died.
Two years has passed since his grandfather died.
4).现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时与现在有关的时态,他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关,若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时,只能用一般现在时。
Has he returned the library book Yes, he has.
When did he return it He returned it yesterday afternoon .
1.He ________ me every time we meet and I can learn a lot from him.
A.educates B.was educating C.is educating D.will educate
2.The school library ________ at 7 every evening. I don’t think you have enough time to return the book now.
A.closes B.will close C.closed D.is closing
3.A lot of teenagers ________ their homework or read books in the library every weekend.
A.do B.did C.will do D.are doing
4.The teacher said light ________ much faster than sound.
A.travel B.travels C.travelled D.is travelling
5.Not only the kids but also their father ________ the Internet in their spare time.
A.surf B.surfs C.will surf D.is surfing
6.—Mom, when can I have an ice cream
—When you ________ your meal. But don’t rush it.
A.finish B.will finish C.finishes D.finished
7.—What does your father often do in his free time
—He often ________ swimming.
A.go B.goes C.went D.is going
8.A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year.
A.travel B.traveled C.will travel D.have traveled
9.Everyone in our school _________ singing English songs.
A.enjoy B.enjoys C.enjoyed D.enjoying
10.My mom ________ zongzi for us every Dragon Boat Festival. I like zongzi with red beans.
A.made B.makes C.will make D.has made
11.This is the newest style of our products. We ________ them last month.
A.produce B.are producing C.produced D.will produce
12.An earthquake ________ in Gansu on December 18, 2023.
A.happens B.happened C.will happen D.is happening
13.—Have you watched this movie
—Yes. I ________ it two days ago.
A.am watching B.have watched C.watched D.will watch
14.—Miss Hu, I haven’t seen you for a long time.
—Yes. I ________ as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back last weekend.
A.worked B.am working C.have worked D.work
15.—Excuse me, when ________ the movie Barbie ________
—It ________ for five minutes.
A.did; begin; has been on B.did; begin; has begun C.has; begun; has been on
16.—Have you seen the movie Kung Fu Panda 4
—Yes. I ________ it with my father last month.
A.see B.saw C.have seen
17.—Can you tell me what the book is about
—Sure. I ________ reading this book last night. I can retell the whole story to you.
A.finish B.finished C.will finish D.have finished
18.—Where did you go last night
—I ________ to the cinema with my friend.
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
19.—How was your weekend
—Great! I ________ a good time at the concert.
A.have B.am having C.had D.will have
20.He ________ me his name, but I can’t remember it now.
A.tell B.will tell C.told D.is telling
21.—What will you do tomorrow
—I ________ on a picnic if it doesn’t rain.
A.will go B.go C.would go D.going
22.We’re not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________ tomorrow, we will go hiking.
A.will rain; doesn’t rain B.will rain; rains C.rains; rains D.rains; will rain
23.Teachers’ Day is coming. Bob ________ a gift to his teacher.
A.will send B.sends C.have sent D.is sending
24.Thanks for lending me your camera. I ________ it to you on time.
A.return B.returned C.will return D.have returned
25.She has promised that she ________ care of it soon.
A.has taken B.had taken C.will take D.would take
26.—I’ve just got three tickets! I ________ to the art museum with my classmates.
—Oh, great!
A.go B.will go C.went D.have gone
27.—Do you know when Grandpa ________ us
—Next Saturday. We will give him a surprise when he ________.
A.will visit; comes B.visits; comes C.will visit; will come D.visits; will come
28.My mother is preparing some food in the kitchen. We _________ on a picnic this weekend.
A.go B.will go C.have gone D.went
29.—There ________ a big event in our school. Do you know what it is
—Of course! Our school’s 60 anniversary celebration next month!
A.is going to have B.will have C.is going to be D.are going to be
30.—May I speak to John
—Sorry, he ________ Japan. But he ________ in two days,
A.has been to; will come back B.has gone to; will be back
C.has been in; would come back D.has gone to; won’t come back
31.Look! Some students ________ football on the playground!
A.play B.played C.are playing D.were playing
32.—What’s going on over there
—A reporter ________ some students about school rules.
A.interview B.interviews C.interviewed D.is interviewing
33.—Bob, could you please take out the rubbish
—Wait a moment, mom. I ________ an email.
A.send B.am sending C.sent D.was sending
34.Don’t make any noise, Jim! Your little brother ________ now.
A.sleeps B.slept C.is sleeping D.will sleep
35.Be quiet! The baby _________.
A.is sleeping B.has slept C.sleeps D.slept
36.—Hello, is Eric busy
—Yes, he ______ the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu.
A.reads B.read C.is reading D.will read
37.— Wow! The music sounds wonderful!
— Yes. Lucy ________ the violin in the next room.
A.plays B.played C.is playing
38.—Why are you packing your bags
—I ________ to London tonight.
A.am flying B.am meeting C.am leaving
39.—The classroom is so quiet.
—Yes. All the students ________ for the final examination carefully.
A.prepare B.prepared C.will prepare D.are preparing
40.—Tony, can you answer the telephone I _________ the room.
—OK, Mum. I’m coming.
A.tidy B.tidied C.am tidying D.have tidied
41.—Were you at home at 9:00 p.m. yesterday
—Yes, I ________ for a call from Paris at that time.
A.was waiting B.has waited C.waited
42.When I came to my grandma’s yard, she ________ her flowers.
A.waters B.has watered C.was watering D.watered
43.Tom ________ the fence when Ben came over.
A.paints B.is painting C.was painting D.will paint
44.—Has your friend completed his design
—Not yet. He ________ on it last night.
A.worked B.has worked C.is working D.was working
45.—Amy, what was your brother doing at nine yesterday evening
—He ________ a wonderful tennis match at that time.
A.is watching B.was watching C.will watch D.has watched
46.While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom.
A.were singing B.sang C.are singing D.are going to sing
47.Alice ________ TV while her brother ________ with the cat.
A.watched; played B.was watching; played
C.watched; were playing D.was watching; was playing
48.— Has Jack finished painting the picture yet
— I’ve no idea. But he ________ it the whole afternoon.
A.was painting B.painted C.will paint D.has painted
49.I didn’t sleep well. My daughter _______ TV all night. That was too noisy.
A.watches B.has watched C.was watching D.will watch
50.—Miss Liu, we haven’t seen each other for a long time.
—Yeah, that’s true. I ________ as a volunteer in Yunnan Province for most of the time last year.
A.work B.was working C.have worked D.am working
51.—Would you like some bread
—No, thanks. I ________ breakfast. I’m full now.
A.have B.will have C.have had D.am having
52.The film Chinese People’s Volunteers ______ very popular in the last few weeks.
A.become B.became C.will become D.has become
53.So far, the volunteers ________ building two hope schools in that village.
A.will complete B.are completing C.have completed D.were completing
54.I ________ two thirds of this book and I’ll try to finish it this week.
A.have read B.will read C.was reading D.am going to read
55.My parents ________ for about sixteen years.
A.married B.got married C.have married D.have been married
56.Her grandmother ________ since 1999.
A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.die
57.—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial
—For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy.
A.borrow; lend B.keep; lend C.keep; borrow D.lend; borrow
58.My aunt ________ Sydney on business. She will be back in three days.
A.went B.will go to C.has gone to D.has been to
59.He ________ China for only a month, but he gets on well with his classmates.
A.has been in B.has been to C.has gone to D.has come to
60.—Hi, Peter! What makes you so happy
—I ________ Beijing on National Day to watch the flag-raising ceremony.
A.have been to B.have gone to C.have been in
Day 10专题04被动语态
【知识积累·练前热身】
1.语态
语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子主与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时,它和主语有两种不同的关系:
主语态(The Active Voice) 和被动语态 The Passive Voice)。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执者;被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
【例句】
Many people speak English. 许多人讲英语。
English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人讲。
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词 be+过去分词”构成,其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词 be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。
(一)一般现在时的被动语态
.一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式
一般现在时的被动语态的结构为 am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”,be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者,就用介词“by”引出。
The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。
句式 构成
肯定句形式 主语+ am/ is/ are+过去分词+ by...)...
否定句形式 主语+ am/ is/ are+ not+过去分词(+ by…) …
一般疑问句形式 Am/ Is/ Are+主语+过去分词(+ by…) …
肯定回答: Yes,主语+ am/ is/ are. 否定回答: No,主语+ isn't/ aren't或 No,I'm not.
特殊疑问句形式 特殊疑问词+ am/ is/ are+主语+过去分词(+ by…) …
【教材原句】
Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 茶树被种植在山坡上。
Are the cars made in China 这些汽车是中国生产的吗
What is this kind of sweater made of 这种毛衣是用什么制成的
【难点突破】
主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
1. 确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语:
2. 把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语,若主动句里的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格;
3. 把谓语变成被动结构“be+动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变:
4. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by之后做宾语,若主语是人称代词,应把主格变成宾格。
主动语态:主语+谓语+宾语…
被动语态: 主语 + be done+ by...
We clean the classroom every day.
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
【注意】
①by 短语有时可以省略。
【教材原句】
People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。
→Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州(被人们) 种植。
②如果主动句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态)
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
我的老师给我许多书。
被动语态:
I am given a lot of books by my teacher.
A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.
一般过去时的被动语态
概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。
句型结构:
1.肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。
He was chosen to work for the village. 他被选上为这个村庄工作。
2.否定句:主语+ was/ were+ not+及物动词的过去分词十其他。
He wasn't chosen to work for the village. 他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。
3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他
肯定回答: Yes,主语+ was/ were.
否定回答: No,主语+ was/ were+ not.
— Was he chosen to work for the village 他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗
— Yes, he was./ No, he wasn't. 是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他
When was the picture taken 这张照片是什么时候拍的
注意
1.主动句中若有双宾语,则将其中一个宾语作为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。[动词make, buy, get的间接宾语(指人)前用 for;动词 give, send, lend 则用 to]。
2.不使用被动语态的几种情况:
(1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用被动语态,如: die, happen, take place等;
(2)感官动词、某些系动词没有被动语态,如: feel, become, look, seem等;
(3)有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。
(三)情态动词的被动语态
(一)、语法概述
含情态动词的被动语态的基本构成是:情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有: should, can/ could, must, may/ might, need
(二)、含有情态动词的被动语态的句式结构
句式 结构
肯定句 主语+情态动词+ be done (+ by+宾语)
否定句 主语+情态动词十 not be done(+by+宾语)
一般疑问句 情态动词+主语+ be done (+ by+宾语)
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+ be done(+ by+宾语)
1.Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in Shijiazhuang.
A.provides B.provided C.is provided D.was provided
2.Different kinds of food ________ by the workers in our school dining hall every day during lunchtime.
A.serve B.will serve C.will be served D.are served
3.—Who will be the winner of the game show
—No one can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning.
A.will be announced B.will announce C.is announced D.announces
4.—Will you come to the dinner party
—I won’t come until Alice _______.
A.will be invited B.will invite C.is invited D.invites
5.— When will you hand in your report on films, Nancy
— Not until it ________ next week, Sir.
A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.will be finished
6.Miss Zhang ______ by all of us because his classes are always ______ and interesting.
A.loves, lively B.loves, living C.is loved, lively D.is loved, living
7.You can get money back if the play ________ because of unknown situations.
A.cancels B.will cancel C.is cancelled D.will be cancelled
8.—Uncle Wang, may I visit the museum with you
—OK, dear, if your homework ________.
A.is finished B.has finished C.was finished D.will finish
9.—Mum, can I go to the Bifengxia Zoo with Jack this weekend
—When your homework ________, you can.
A.is done B.was handed in
C.will be completed D.had been finished
10.Whenever you ________, pay no attention to it. Believe in yourself. You are the best and only.
A.laugh at B.be laughed at C.being laughed D.are laughed at
11.As we know, the world’s first seismograph (地动仪) _________ in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Zhang Heng.
A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented
12.The 81st World Science Fiction Convention (大会) ________ successfully in Chengdu last October.
A.held B.was held C.was holding
13.The telephone ________ in 1876.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.were invented
14.—How beautiful Daying is now!
—Great changes ________ in Daying since it ________ in 1997.
A.have taken place; was founded B.has taken place; was founded
C.have been taken place; founded D.took place; founded
15.Before the meeting started, the speaker ________ to wait out of the hall.
A.is asked B.was asked C.asked D.asks
16.Many new books ________ to children in the village last week.
A.sent B.are sent C.was sent D.were sent
17.The books ________ to the poor children last week.
A.was given B.gave C.were given D.give
18.—Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone
—Because it ________ by Huawei last week.
A.was produced B.produced C.has produced D.was producing
19.— Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony!
— Sorry, Mom. It ________ yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A.didn’t clean B.isn’t cleaned C.cleaned D.wasn’t cleaned
20.AI (人工智能) has had a great influence on our leaning ways since it ________.
A.introduce B.introduced C.is introduced D.was introduced
21.More mistakes ________ and corrected if you go over the paper carefully for the second time.
A.are found B.have been found C.can be found D.will find
22.—It’s too difficult to get to the other side of the river.
—I think a bridge ________ over the river.
A.should be built B.should build C.will build D.was built
23.Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work _________ today.
A.may do B.must do C.can do D.must be done
24.The traffic is so busy in our city that more new roads __________.
A.should be built B.should build C.have built D.build
25.During the Tang Dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.found B.is found C.will be found D.could be found
26.—Tom is always careless with his homework. Could you help him
—No problem! I think he ________ to think twice before starting.
A.can be telling B.can tell C.should tell D.should be told
27.—The project ________ by the end of next month. Can you finish it
—Of course I can.
A.must complete B.must be completed C.completed D.was completed
28.—I think cooking ________ as an important part of education in China.
—I agree. All of us should learn to cook.
A.must regard B.must be regarded
C.mustn’t regard D.mustn’t be regarded
29.During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.can find B.could find C.can be found D.could be found
30.Our teacher said that our homework must ________ tomorrow.
A.hand in B.be hand in C.be handed in D.handed in
Day 11专题05宾语从句/定语从句
【知识积累·练前热身】
定语从句的用法
(一)that/ which/who引导的定语从句
先行词是物时, 一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下, 只能用that不用which。
1)当先行词是不定代词a11, few, little, much, something, anything, nothing, everything等时。
2)先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only. the very, the last等修饰时。
3)如果先行词既指人又指物, 应用关系代词that。
【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend.
A. that B. when C. who D. which
[答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中, 引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。
(二)只能用that的情况
先行词是物时, 一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下, 只能用that不用which。
1)当先行词是不定代词a11, few, little, much, something, anything, nothing, everything等时。
2)先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11, any, every, each, few, little, no, some,
the only.the very.the last等修饰时。
3)如果先行词既指人又指物, 应用关系代词that。
【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend.
A. that B. when C. who D. which
[答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中, 引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。
只用which的情况
先行词是物时, 一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下, 只能用which不用that。
1).关系代词前有介词时, 关系词只能用which 。
This is the building in which he lives .
2).先行词本身是that时, 关系词只能用which 。
The clock is that which tells the time .
3).引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开), 关系词用which。
His book , which was lost last week , has been found now.
(四)考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句
它们相当于”介词+which”, 其中where=in/at +which; when=at/in/during +which; why=for +which。
(1)关系副词where引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作地点状语, 其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。
(2)关系副词when引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作时间状语, 其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。
(3)关系副词why引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作原因状语, 其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
(五)对关系词”Whose”的考查
(1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, nobody, one, ones, those, all(指人)等作先行词, 作主语用who, 作宾语用whom。who而不用which。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中, 指人作主语用who, 作宾语用whom, who。
(3)在定语从句中, 作定语的关系代词只能用whose.
(六)关系代词在定语从句中作主语, 定语从句谓语动词的确定
that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。
I loves singers who write their own songs .
She is one of the girls who studies hard.
1.—What kind of music do you like, Cindy
—Well, I prefer music ________ has great lyrics.
A.what B.who C.how D.that
2.I will remember the important people ________ helped me a lot in my life.
A.that B.where C.which
3.The expressions ________ good speakers use depends on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.
A.which B.who C.what
4.Have you ever heard of the news ______ is about the Strawberry Concert
A.who B.when C.what D.which
5.Mike is a friendly boy ________ likes to go out and meet new people all the time.
A.who B.which C.what D.When
6.In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth ________.
A.what; to read B.that; read C.that; reading D.who; reading
7.—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father
—The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him.
A.who B.where C.whose D.that
8.They like the biggest tree ________ can keep us cool under it.
A.that B.which C.who
9.I like the second shirt ________ we bought last week.
A.which B.that C.who
10.You should do all ______________ is helpful to improve your English.
A.what B.that C.it D.which
11.Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life.
A.which B.who C.that D.whom
12.This is the man with _______ I talked just now.
A.who B.that C.which D.whom
13.Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year.
A.which B.where C.who D.what
14.—Do you like the red car ________ is made in Tianjin
—Sure, it looks terrific.
A.where B.who C.which D.when
15.The book is about a true story ________ happened in my hometown.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
16.October 1, 1949 was the day ______________ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A.which B.when C.where D.in which
17.Have you visited the house ______________ the famous scientist was born
A.where B.in that C.that D.which
18.I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday.
A.why B.where C.when D.who
19.I like places ________ people are nice and friendly such as Xi’an.
A.where B.that C.what D.who
20.I can never forget the day_________ we worked together and the day______ we spent together.
A.when: which B.which: when C.what: that D.on which: when
21.This is the man ______________ son died in a traffic accident.
A.whose B.whom C.who D.that
22.A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully.
A.who B.which C.where D.whose
23.Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s
A.which B.that C.who D.whose
24.Lily is a beautiful girl ________ dream is to be a scientist in the future.
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
25.I love singers ________ songs are written by themselves. They are creative.
A.who B.which C.whose D.whom
26.Li Ming says he loves singers ______ their own music.
A.which write B.that writes C.who write D.who writes
27.I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that gives C.that give D.who give
28.I like teachers ________ friendly to students.
A.who is B.who are C.that is D.whom are
29.I like food ________ sweet.
A.that are B.who are C.that is D.who is
30.According to the recent survey, many students prefer music ________ full of energy.
A.that are B.which are C.what is D.that is
宾语从句的用法
(一)宾语从句的引导词
引导词有三类: that; wh开头的疑问词; if/ whether
1. that
that无词义, 不充当任何句子成分, 只是起连接作用。在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
Everybody knows (that) the Earth goes around the sun. 每个人都知道地球围绕太阳转。
2. if/ whether
if或 whether, 意为“是否”, 不充当任何句子成分, 只是起连接作用。
Alice wondered if/ whether her grandmother liked the bag.
Alice想知道她奶奶是否喜欢这个包。
【注意】在下列情况下,也只能用 whether
①句末后有 or not 时
She wondered whether her grandma like the cat or not.
②介词+ whether
I am interested in whether he passed the exam.我对他是否通过了考试感兴趣。
③to do 前, 只用 whether引导, 即 whether to do
She wondered whether to visit her grandma. 她想知道是否要去探望奶奶。
3. WH--开头的疑问词
根据句子的情况,去选择相应的疑问词引导。
I don't know where I can buy the books, 我不知道我可以在哪里买这些书。
(二)宾语从句的时态
1. 主句是一般现在时,从句要根据实际情况去变化(主现从随)
She knows that her mum will come tomorrow.(从句是将来时)
她知道她妈妈明天会来。
She knows that her mum came yesterday.(从句是一般过去时)
她知道她妈妈昨天来了。
2. 主句是一般过去时,从句也要变成过去相关的时态。(主过从必过)
She said that she gave me a call last night.(从句是一般过去时)
她说她昨天晚上给我打电话了。
He said that he was watching TV at that time.(从句是过去进行时)
他说当时正在看电视。
【注意】 Would/ Could you...提问的主句, 只是表示语气的委婉, 并不表示过去时态。
Could you tell me how I can get to the airport 你能告诉我我怎么去机场么
(Could you..表示请求,could 用过去式是委婉,不是表示过去,所以宾语从句用一般现在时,而不是过去时)
3. 宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句用一般现在时。
The teacher said that Earth goes around the sun. 老师说地球围绕太阳转。
(三)宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序,要用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”的语序。情态动词/助动词不能放在主语前面。
She asked whether she could go back home earlier.她问是否能早点回家。
引导词 主语 谓语
Could you tell me where the bank is 你能告诉我银行在哪儿么
引导词 主语 谓语
【注意】引导词本身也可以做宾语从句的主语,则有【引导词+谓语+其他】,如:
①what's wrong (怎么了)
②what is/ was the matter (怎么了 )
③what happened to sb (某人发生了什么)
④what/ which is right (什么/哪一个是对的)
⑤what is going on (发生什么)
宾语从句的简化
1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主、从句的主语一致,可简化为“动词+ todo sth”.
I hope I can meet you again.
I hope to meet you again.
2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主、从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+ to do sth”.
I don't know what I should do next .
I don't know what to do next.
Could you tell me how I can get there
Could you tell me how to get there
John didn't decide which shirt he would buy .
John didn't decide which shirt to buy .
1.—Could you please tell me ________ buy a magazine
—There is a bookstore on the third floor.
A.how I can B.which I can C.when I can D.where I can
2.I’m sure ________ she can do it well, but I doubt ________ she is willing to do it.
A.that; that B.if; if C.that; if D.if; that
3.—Hi, Alexia. Here is a letter for you.
—Thanks. I wonder ________.
A.where was the letter from B.why someone will know my address
C.whether the letter was from my pen pal D.how did you get the letter
4.— Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________
—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A.how I can order a taxi online B.that I should take some flowers
C.what should I pay attention to D.if the skirt looks nice on me
5.Kate isn’t sure ________.
A.how many times has he been to Beijing B.what the matter is with the computer
C.which bus can take her to school D.which hotel she can live in Shanghai
6.—Mr. Wang, can you tell me ________
—Because she has gone abroad for further study.
A.when Millie came back B.where does Millie live
C.why Millie isn’t here D.what Millie is doing
7.—Hi, Zhang Ke. I want to know ________.
—You can help to hand out some notices.
A.when School Day is B.who can come to School Day
C.why we hold School Day D.what I can do for School Day
8.—Peter looks blue these days.
—Well, I’m not sure ________.
A.how is he feeling now B.why was he so unhappy
C.what is wrong with him D.that something worried him
9.—My grandpa is interested in finding out________the internet works.
—You can let him watch a video about it.
A.how B.when C.what D.who
10.—The novel The Little Prince is very interesting. Many students enjoy reading it.
—So it is. Could you tell me ________
A.how long I can borrow it B.if I can keep it for another week
C.when should I return it D.whether I could borrow it
11.—Could you please tell me ________
—Just by practicing. Practice makes perfect.
A.how I can improve my pronunciation B.how I could improve my pronunciation
C.how can I improve my pronunciation D.how could I improve my pronunciation
12.— Tom, could you tell me ________ the sports meeting
— Sure! Next Wednesday.
A.when did we have B.when we had
C.when will we have D.when we will have
13.She has promised that she ________ care of it soon.
A.has taken B.had taken C.will take D.would take
14.—Tommy, do you know what Frank ________ this Sunday if it rains
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A.will do B.does C.did D.has done
15.—What did the manager say after the meeting
—She asked me ________.
A.how did I deal with the problem B.if can I finish the work on time
C.what I do for the yesterday’s project D.why I was late for the meeting
16.The teacher asked the students ________.
A.that they had planted trees B.when was Spud Webb born
C.what they will do with the computers D.if they were interested in dinosaurs
17.Many foreigners want to read Journey to the West after playing the Chinese-made game. We never thought it ________ the world so greatly.
A.will influence B.would influence C.have influenced D.were influencing
18.The teacher told us that the earth ________ the sun.
A.moves around B.has moved around C.moved around D.is moving around
19.I was told that Shanghai ________ in the east of China.
A.lies B.is lying C.lied D.lie
20.The geography teacher told us water _________ about three quarters of the earth’s surface.
A.covers B.covered C.has covered D.will cover
21.Sandy, do you still remember ________ the Palace Museum
A.when we visit B.when do we visit
C.when we visited D.when did we visit
22.—Could you tell me ________
—You can take No. 15 bus.
A.how can I get to the Olympic Park
B.how I can get to the Olympic Park
C.how I got to the Olympic Park
23.—Excuse me, do you know _________ some medicine
—Sure. In that supermarket.
A.where I can buy B.where can I buy C.how I can buy D.how can I buy
24.—Do you know ______
—Oh, he was short and thin, but he is different now.
A.what he used to look like B.what did he use to look like
C.what does he look like D.what he look like
25.—Could you tell me ________ this summer holiday
—Tibet.
A.when did you go B.where you will go C.where will you go D.when you will go
26.Could you tell me ________
A.where you from B.where you are from
C.where are you from D.where live you
27.It’s a pity that I missed the fourth Tiangong Class! Could you tell me ________
A.how long did the class last B.which country are they from
C.which channel was it covered live D.who was the teacher this time
28.—Mum’s birthday is coming. I want to give her a surprise, but I don’t know ________.
—Just think about her hobbies.
A.how can I make it B.how I can make it
C.when can I make it D.when I can make it
29.—I’m wondering ________ at a low price
—You can book one through our official app.
A.when I can buy the air ticket B.when can I buy the air ticket
C.how I can buy the air ticket D.how can I buy the air ticket
30.—Do you know ________ after the exam
—Correct the mistakes immediately.
A.what you should do B.what should you do C.when should you study D.when you should study
31.The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________.
A.who we need B.how to make friends
C.what a friend is like D.where we should go
32.No one tells us ________, so we need your help.
A.how we should do B.how to do it C.what should we do D.what to do it
33.—Could you show me ________ use the sweeping robot
—No problem.
A.what to B.how to C.when to D.where to
34.One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________.
A.when to say B.what to say C.how to say D.what to say it
35.I have got a new laptop, but I don’t know ________ it.
A.what to use B.which one to use
C.why to use D.how to use
36.Could you tell me where ________ the bank
A.to find B.can I find C.how to find D.find
37.I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do.
A.write B.writing C.wrote D.to write
38.—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you
—Of course. It’s easy.
A.how can I send B.how I could send
C.how to send D.what to send
39.He didn’t know English at all, so he can’t understand ______ the machine.
A.what to control B.to control what C.how to control D.to control how
40.There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________.
A.what to buy B.which to buy C.how to buy D.where to buy集福“第二关”:语法福
参考答案
Day 7情态动词
1.A
【详解】句意:——安迪,你能在星期五之前交科学报告吗?——好的。没问题。
考查情态动词。can能;need需要;must必须;should应该。根据“OK. No problem.”可知此处询问能不能在星期五之前交科学报告。故选A。
2.A
【详解】句意:狗可以提供陪伴,减少孤独感。
考查情态动词辨析。can能;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“Dogs...provide company and reduce feelings of loneliness.”可知,狗狗能够提供陪伴,减少孤独感。故选A。
3.B
【详解】句意:——吉姆,我能用一下你的电脑吗?——是的,当然可以。
考查情态动词的辨析。could能,过去式;can能,可以;must必须;should应该。根据“could I use your computer ”可知句中could是can的委婉形式,不是过去式,所以回答时用can。故选B。
4.C
【详解】句意:——Kate,我可以用你的橡皮吗?——当然,给你。
考查情态动词。should应该;must必须;can能,可以;need需要。根据“...I use your eraser ”可知,是表示请求允许,所以应用can,故选C。
5.B
【详解】句意:这个人不可能是我爸爸。他去美国了,下个月回来。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t表示禁止或不允许;can’t不可能,表推测;might可能,表推测。根据“He has gone to America, and next month he’ll be back.”可知,这个人不可能是我爸爸。故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我可以喂这条宠物狗吗?——抱歉,不行。
考查情态动词辨析。would愿意;may可以;must必须;should应该。根据“Sorry, you can’t.”可知,上文应是表示请求。故选B。
7.A
【详解】句意:当你做新鲜的沙拉时,如果你想,你可以添加你最喜欢的水果。
考查情态动词辨析。may可以;should应该;must必须;have to不得不。根据“When you make a fresh salad, you ... add your favorite fruit if you would like to.”可知,做沙拉时,你可以添加你最喜欢的水果。故选A。
8.A
【详解】句意: ——你相信性格取决于星座吗?——它可能是真的,但不要太当真。
考查情态动词。may可能;must一定;can’t不可能;shouldn’t不应该。 根据“but don’t take it seriously.”可知,这里表示性格可能取决于星座,故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:——今天下午你打算做什么?——我不确定。我可能会去图书馆。
考查情态动词。must必须;may可能;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该。根据“I’m not sure”可知,表示不确定的语气,因此用“may”表示可能。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:——保护我们国家的野生动物是我们的责任,对吗? ——当然。如果我们不保护它们,它们有一天可能会灭绝。
考查情态动词。can可以;may可能;need需要;should应该。根据“If we don’t protect them, they…die out one day.”可知,表示一种可能性,应用may,故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:——史密斯先生,我现在必须交作业吗?——不,你不必。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要;shouldn’t不应该;wouldn’t不愿;can’t不能。根据“Must I…”可知,此处对must的提问做出否定回答,意为“不需要,不必”。故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:你的书写很差。你必须更加经常地练习书写。
考查情态动词。may可能;can’t不能;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“Your handwriting is so poor.”可知,书写很差,所以必须勤加练习,故选C。
13.B
【详解】句意:你不要独自出发,否则你可能在丛林中迷路。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要;may可能;mustn’t禁止;might可能;can’t不能。根据“set out alone...or you get lost in the jungle”可知,第一空是一个警告或命令,所以用mustn’t;第二空描述可能的后果,应用might。故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意:——杰克在哪儿?——他一定在化学实验室。他正在那儿复习化学测验。
考查情态动词。must一定;might可能;can’t不可能。根据“He is studying his chemistry test there.”可知,此处有把握推测他在化学实验室,因此用情态动词must,故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:——这是谁的笔记本?——我想它一定是卡拉的。看,上面有她的名字。
考查情态动词表推测用法。must一定;can可能;might可能。由“her name is on it”可知,笔记本一定是她的。故选A。
16.C
【详解】句意:嘘……!这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。
考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能;can’t不能;should应该;shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知,此处是建议小点声,故选C。
17.C
【详解】句意:每当有人给你烟,你都应该说不。
考查动词辨析。may可以;can能;should应该;would将要。根据“Whenever somebody offers you a cigarette”可知,你应该说不,应用should表示建议。故选C。
18.A
【详解】句意:为了让孩子们远离来自街道上的危险,父母应该总是告知他们一些交通规则。
考查动词辨析。should应当;may可能;could可以;might可能。根据“parents…always tell them the traffic rules.”可知,告知孩子交通规则是父母的职责,用should表示责任或义务。故选A。
19.D
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我能吃点炸鸡吗? ——最好不要。你应该吃些更健康的食物。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要;mustn’t禁止;need需要;should应该。根据“eat some healthier food.”可知此处指应该吃更健康的食物,故选D。
20.A
【详解】句意:地震可能非常危险。我们应该要学习如何保护自己。
考查情态动词。should应该;might可能;could能够;would愿意。根据“Earthquakes can be very dangerous.”可知,地震很危险所以我们应该学会保护自己。故选A。
21.B
【详解】句意:你无需担心你的弟弟。他很快就会好起来的。
考查动词辨析。must必须,一定;needn’t不需要;may可能;can’t不能。根据“He will get well soon”可知,他很快就会好起来,所以不需要担心。故选B。
22.B
【详解】句意:——我们外出时需要戴口罩吗?——是的,我们必须戴口罩,以确保自身安全。
考查情态动词。can能够;could可以;need需要;must必须;should应该;may可以。根据题干语境可知,外出时需要戴口罩,表示一种必要性,用need;回答中表示必须戴口罩,用must。故选B。
23.C
【详解】句意:冰箱里有很多鸡蛋。我们不需要再买了。
考查need的用法。根据“There are many eggs in the fridge”可知有很多鸡蛋,所以不需要再买了,此处need作实义动词,使用结构need to do sth.“需要做某事”,变否定句时借助助动词don’t,后加动词原形。故选C。
24.C
【详解】句意:如果你其他的事情要做,你今晚就不必来参加聚会了。
考查need的用法。need作情态动词时,否定为needn’t,后接动词原形;作实义动词时,need to do sth.“需要做某事”,变否定要用助动词don’t。根据“if you have something else to do”可知,如果你有其他的事情要做,你不必去今晚的聚会,此处要用needn’t,意为“不必”;needn’t do sth.意为“不必做某事”。故选C。
25.C
【详解】句意:神童亚历克斯不需要太多睡眠,因为她很少在晚上11:30前上床睡觉。
考查否定句。时态为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数Alex,实义动词是need“需要”,后直接接宾语“much sleep”,否定句中需用助动词doesn’t。故选C。
Day 8不定式
1.C
【详解】句意:对每个人来说,在生活中节约用水用电都很重要。
考查非谓语动词。根据固定句型:It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说是……的”,因此需使用动词的不定式,作真正的主语。故选C。
2.B
【详解】句意:——学生养成健康的习惯重要吗?——当然。
考查it作形式主语及非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,此处为“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”结构的一般疑问句形式,其中It为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故选B。
3.A
【详解】句意:对于我们来说学好英语很重要。
考查it固定句型。It它;This这个;That那个;These这些。根据“is important for us to study English well.”可知,考查it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth,意为“对于某人来说做某事是……”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故选A。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你真好,帮我拿这么重的行李。非常感谢。——这是我的荣幸。
考查动词不定式作主语和介词辨析。此处考查句型“It is+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth.”,kind“友好的”为修饰人品格、特征的形容词,介词应用of;it在句中为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正主语。故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:——了解一些外国风俗对我们有帮助吗?——是的,有用。我们在出国旅行之前应该注意这些问题。
考查it固定句型。根据“Is it helpful...us...about some foreign customs ”可知,此处指了解一些外国风俗对我们有帮助,形容词helpful与事物的特征有关,应用句式“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”,意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”,第二空应填不定式to learn。故选D。
6.C
【详解】句意:当人们想放松自己时,他们更喜欢看电视或听音乐,而不是出去闲逛。
考查非谓语动词。watching看,为watch的现在分词;to watch看,不定式;hang闲逛;hanging闲逛,现在分词。根据“…they prefer…TV or listen to music rather than…out.”可知,prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,动词短语。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:我奶奶将从澳大利亚回来。我等不及要见她了。
考查非谓语。can’t wait to do sth“迫不及待做某事”,此处用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
8.C
【详解】句意:他没有爬上山顶,因为他太累了。
考查动词不定式。根据空后“up to the top of the mountain”可知,他没有爬上去,应用“未能做某事”即“fail to do sth.”句式,结合选项,该空应填“to climb”。故选C。
9.C
【详解】句意:我们想成为地球的朋友。我们承诺不污染地球。
考查动词短语。固定短语promise not to do“承诺不做某事”。故选C。
10.A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我的自行车坏了,它需要被修理。——不要担心,你爸爸将很快修好它。
考查固定短语。require doing=require to be done,意为 “需要被做” ;have sth done意为 “请某人做某事,使某事被做”。所以第一空答案为repairing/to be repaired,第二空答案为repaired,故选A。
11.A
【详解】句意:Max的父母一直在鼓励他说出他的意见。
考查动词不定式的用法。encourage sb to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语,to后跟动词原形。故选A。
12.A
【详解】句意:每年夏天,我们的老师都警告我们不要在河里游泳,因为那很危险。
考查非谓语动词。根据“it’s dangerous”可知,此处说很危险,故是不能做的事情,warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”,固定用法。故选A。
13.D
【详解】句意:我的父母和老师总是希望我取得进步。所以我必须努力工作。
考查动词辨析。hope希望;wish希望;expect期待。hope后面不可以接双宾语,排除A选项。wish的固定搭配是wish sb to do sth,排除B选项。expect的固定搭配是expect sb to do sth,故选D。
14.C
【详解】句意:我的英语老师建议我每天早上大声朗读。她的话对我影响很大。
考查非谓语动词及固定搭配。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”,第一空用动词不定式作宾语补足语;have a great influence on sb.“对某人影响很大”,是固定搭配。故选C。
15.D
【详解】句意:我的父母经常叫我不要熬夜。这对我们的健康有害。
考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.“叫某人做某事”。根据“It’s bad for our health.”可知,因为熬夜对身体有害,所以父母叫我不要熬夜,应用ask sb. not to do sth.结构。故选D。
16.A
【详解】句意:——辛苦工作之后,我们想做的是休息一下。——没错。
考查非谓语动词。根据“After the hard work, what we want to do is...a rest.”可知,此处应用动词不定式作表语,表示将来的动作,表示要休息,用to have,故选A。
17.B
【详解】句意:我们应该记住最重要的是保证安全。
考查非谓语动词。根据“We should remember the most important thing is”可知,设空处缺表语,填不定式,说明主语的内容。故选B。
18.C
【详解】句意:——保持安全是很重要的。——嗯。我的建议是了解一些基本的急救知识。
考查非谓语动词。空前是系动词is,此处应用动词不定式作表语,描述主语advice的内容。故选C。
19.B
【详解】句意:——你听说过YAU数学科学领导者计划吗?——当然,它的目标是在中国培养顶级的数学人才。
考查非谓语动词的用法。根据主语Its aim可知,空格处应用不定式作表语,表示“目标”的具体内容。故选B。
20.D
【详解】句意:我的梦想是在70岁前环游世界。
考查非谓语。dream后的表语,应用不定式形式,故选D。
21.B
【详解】句意:在求职面试中,面试者被要求做大概的介绍。
考查非谓语动词。“general introductions”为“interviewees are called in”的意图,所以此处填写动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选B。
22.B
【详解】句意:要去长春高铁站,我们可以乘坐地铁1号线,在解放路换乘地铁2号线。
考查非谓语动词。根据“to Changchun High-speed Railway Station, we can take Subway Line 1 and transfer (换乘) at Jiefang Road to Subway Line 2.”可知,我们坐地铁1号线,并在解放路换2号线,是为了去长春高铁站,用不定式表目的。故选B。
23.B
【详解】句意:父母总是做他们能做的一切来支持他们的家庭。
考查非谓语动词。 根据“Parents always do everything they can”可知,父母做一切来支持家庭,此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
24.A
【详解】句意:珍妮害怕坐飞机旅行。她上车时总是感到紧张。
考查非谓语动词。be afraid to do sth.“害怕做某事”。故选A。
25.D
【详解】句意:昨天下午贝蒂很高兴见到她最喜欢的乒乓球运动员。
考查非谓语动词。be excited to do sth.“做某事很兴奋”,动词不定式作原因状语。故选D。
26.D
【详解】句意:12岁以下的孩子还太小,不能看这种恐怖电影。
考查不定式作结果状语。adj./adv.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事;so+adj./adv.+that从句如此……以至……;such+n.+that从句如此……以至……;too+adj./adv.+to do sth.太……而不能……。由“Kids under 12 years old are…young…watch such scary movies”可知,太小了,不能看如此恐怖的电影,此处应用too…to…。故选D。
27.D
【详解】句意:我认为他足够大可以去上学。
考查enough用法。“形容词+enough+to do sth.”表示“足够……去做某事”,enough修饰形容词时要后置,故选D。
28.C
【详解】句意:——请你告诉我接下来做什么好吗?——仔细考虑一下,你会找到一个好方法的。
考查疑问词+不定式。how to do怎么做;where to do在哪里做;what to do做什么;when to do什么时候做。do在此是实义动词,意为“做”,需要加宾语。when/how/where是副词,不能作宾语,what“什么”,可作do的宾语。故选C。
29.A
【详解】句意:我真的不知道什么时候骑自行车去那个村庄。
考查疑问代词和疑问副词。when什么时候;where哪里;what什么;how怎样。根据“…to leave for the village by bike”可知此句缺少时间状语,应用“when”。故选A。
30.D
【详解】句意:——你怎么了?你看起来很担心。——我有许多问题要解决。但我不知道该先处理哪个。
考查宾语从句用法。根据“But I don’t know...”可知,空处缺宾语,结合选项可知,需用特殊疑问词+to do结构,how怎样,多用来做方式状语;when什么时候。多用来做时间状语;where哪里,选项A、B、C均缺少宾语,需排除。which哪一个,可做从句的主语。故选D。
31.C
【详解】句意:我在想去哪里度假。
考查疑问词辨析。who谁,代词;what什么,代词;where哪里,副词;which哪一个,代词。根据空后的“spend”有宾语可知,此处用副词where。故选C。
32.D
【详解】句意:朋友知道该什么时候建议做什么。
考查非谓语动词。空格1是“疑问词+不定式”结构;空格2指“对……提建议”,表达为 give advice on...。故选D。
Day 9动词时态
1.A
【详解】句意:每次我们见面,他都会教育我,我可以从他身上学到很多。
考查一般现在时。根据“every time we meet”可知,这里用一般现在时。故选A。
2.A
【详解】句意:学校图书馆每天晚上7点关门。我认为你现在没有足够的时间去还书。
考查动词时态。根据“every evening”可知,句子描述的是习惯性动作,因此用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式。故选A。
3.A
【详解】句意:许多青少年每个周末都在图书馆做作业或看书。
考查时态。根据“every weekend”可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为“A lot of teenagers”,用动词原形。故选A。
4.B
【详解】句意:老师说光比声音传播得快。
考查一般现在时。travel一般现在时;travels一般现在时,第三人称单数;travelled一般过去时;is travelling现在进行时。“光比声音传播得快”是科学事实,用一般现在时;主语light是单数。故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:不仅孩子们,他们的父亲也在业余时间上网。
考查主谓一致。根据“in their spare time”可知,此句时态用一般现在时;not only…but also连接两个主语时,谓语遵循就近原则,谓语动词取决于“their father”,所以用动词三单。故选B。
6.A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我什么时候可以吃冰淇淋?——当你吃完饭的时候。但是不要着急。
考查动词时态。根据“when can I have an ice cream ”可知,此处用一般现在时,主语是you,动词用原形finish。故选A。
7.B
【详解】句意:——你父亲在空闲时间经常做什么?——他经常去游泳。
考查一般现在时。根据“often”可知,句子时态是一般现在时,主语是He,谓语动词用单数第三人称goes。故选B。
8.A
【详解】句意:中国每年有很多人乘坐高铁出行。
考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“every year”可知,本句应用一般现在时。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:我们学校的每个人都喜欢唱英文歌。
考查动词的时态。enjoy“喜欢”,动词原形;enjoys第三人称单数形式;enjoyed过去式或过去分词;enjoying现在分词或动名词。根据句意可知,此句应用一般现在时,不定代词everyone作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:我妈妈每年端午节都会给我们包粽子。我喜欢红豆粽子。
考查时态。根据“every Dragon Boat Festival”可知,是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单。故选B。
11.C
【详解】句意:这是我们产品的最新款式。我们上个月生产的。
考查动词时态。根据“last month”可知,本句是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故选C。
12.B
【详解】句意:2023年12月18日,甘肃发生地震。
考查动词时态。根据“on December 18, 2023.”可知时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:——你看过这部电影吗?——是的。我两天前看的。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“two days ago”可知,描述的是过去发生的事情,因此动词用过去式,故选C。
14.A
【详解】句意:——胡小姐,我好长时间没见到你了。——是的。我在上海作为一名志愿者护士工作了一个月。我昨天回来的。
考查时态。worked工作,动词过去式/过去分词;work工作,动词。根据“for a month”和“I came back last weekend.”可知,在上海做志愿者做了一个月但是没有持续到现在,是发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,电影《芭比》什么时候开始的?——已经开始五分钟了。
考查时态和延续性动词。根据“when...the movie Barbie”可知此处描述的是过去的动作,用一般过去时,助动词用did,后加动词原形;根据“for five minutes.”可知句子用现在完成时,且动词用延续性动词be on。故选A。
16.B
【详解】句意:——你看过电影《功夫熊猫4》吗?——是的。上个月我和爸爸一起看的。
考查时态。根据“last month”可知句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故选B。
17.B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我这本书是关于什么的吗?——当然。我昨晚读完了这本书。我可以向你复述整个故事。
考查动词时态。根据“last night”可知,时态为一般过去时,应用动词过去式。故选B。
18.B
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上你去哪里了?——我和朋友一起去看电影了。
考查时态。go去,是一般现在时;went去,是一般过去时;will go去,是一般将来时;have gone去,是现在完成时。根据“Where did you go last night ”可知,此处用一般过去时,故选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:——你周末过得怎么样?——太棒了!我在音乐会上玩得很开心。
考查时态。根据“How was your weekend ”和“Great! I ... a good time at the concert.”可知,周末去了音乐会,并在音乐会上玩得开心;过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:他告诉过我他的名字,但是我现在不记得了。
考查动词时态。根据“but I can’t remember it now”可知,此处“tell告诉”发生在过去,表示“原来告诉过我”,应用一般过去时态,动词用过去式,故选C。
21.A
【详解】句意:——你明天要做什么?——如果不下雨,我就去野餐。
考查动词时态。根据“I ... on a picnic if it doesn’t rain.”可知,该句为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。空格位于主句,需填入一般将来时,结构为“will+动词原形”。故选A。
22.A
【详解】句意:我们不确定明天是否会下雨。如果明天不下雨,我们就去徒步旅行。
考查时态。根据“tomorrow”可知,第一空所在句的时态为一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”,所以第一空应填will rain;if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,即主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,所以第二空所在句的时态为一般现在时,主语为it,是第三人称单数,所以第二空应填doesn’t rain。故选A。
23.A
【详解】句意:教师节就要到了。Bob会给他的老师送一份礼物。
考查一般将来时。根据“Teachers’ Day is coming.”可知,教师节即将来临,Bob会送老师礼物,句子应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为:will+动词原形。故选A。
24.C
【详解】句意:谢谢你把相机借给我。我会按时还给你的。
考查动词时态。根据“Thanks for lending me your camera”可知,此处是我会按时归还给你。根据语境用一般将来时,其结构是will+动词原形,return“归还”,故选C。
25.C
【详解】句意:她已经承诺她很快会照顾它的。
考查动词的时态。此句是宾语从句,主句“She has promised”是现在完成时,从句中有时间状语“soon”,应用一般将来时“will take”。故选C。
26.B
【详解】句意:——我刚拿到三张票!我将和同学一起去美术馆。——噢,太棒了!
考查动词时态。go用于一般现在时;will go用于一般将来时;went用于一般过去时;have gone用于现在完成时。根据“I’ve just got three tickets!”可知,此处表示即将和同学们去美术馆,因此用一般将来时。故选B。
27.A
【详解】句意:——你知道爷爷什么时候来看我们吗?——下周六。他来的时候,我们会给他一个惊喜。
考查时态的用法。分析“Do you know when Grandpa...us ”可知,此句是when引导的宾语从句,主句是一般现在时,从句则要根据具体情况选用适当的时态,结合答语“Next Saturday.”可知,第一空表示将来发生的动作,应用一般将来时;分析“We will give him a surprise when he...”可知,此句是when引导的时间状语从句,根据“主将从现”原则,主句是一般将来时,从句则采用一般现在时。故选A。
28.B
【详解】句意:我妈妈正在厨房准备一些食物。我们这个周末要去野餐。
考查时态。根据时间状语“this weekend”可知,表示将来发生的事情,应该用一般将来时,故选B。
29.C
【详解】句意:——我们学校将有一个大事件。你知道是什么吗?——当然!下个月是我们学校的60周年庆典!
考查there be句型。本句是there be句型,根据“next month”可知句子应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为:There will be或There be going to be,排除A和B;根据“a big event”可知主语为单数,be动词应用is。故选C。
30.B
【详解】句意:——我可以和约翰讲话吗?——抱歉,他去了日本。但他两天后就会回来。
考查动词的时态。has been to曾经去过;has gone to去了某地没回来;has been in待在某地。根据“Sorry, he…Japan.”可知,此处指“约翰去了日本”,用has gone to。根据“But he…in two days.”可知,他两天后就会回来,故第二空填will be back。故选B。
31.C
【详解】句意:看!一些学生正在操场上踢足球!
考查现在进行时。根据“Look!”可知,空处表示正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时,结构是:am/is/are+动词现在分词。故选C。
32.D
【详解】句意:——那边正发生什么?——一个记者正在采访一些学生关于校园规则的事。
考查现在进行时。由问句中的is going on(正在进行)可知,这是现在进行时。答句中也是现在进行时。故选D。
33.B
【详解】句意:——鲍勃,你能把垃圾拿出去吗?——等一下,妈妈。我正在发送一封电子邮件。
考查动词时态。根据“wait a moment”可知需要等一下,因此当前正在发送邮件,用现在进行时,其结构为am/is/are doing,故选B。
34.C
【详解】句意:别出声,吉姆!你弟弟正在睡觉。
考查动词时态。根据“Don’t make any noise, Jim!”及“now”可知,是指弟弟现在正在睡觉,用现在进行时am/is/are doing,主语是三单,be用is。故选C。
35.A
【详解】句意:安静!宝宝正在睡觉。
考查现在进行时。is sleeping正在睡觉,为现在进行时;has slept已经睡觉,为现在完成时;sleeps睡觉,为一般现在时;slept睡觉,为一般过去时。根据“Be quiet!”可知这是一个祈使句,提醒要保持安静,因为宝宝正在睡觉。因此句子要用现在进行时来表示。故选A。
36.C
【详解】句意:——你好,Eric忙吗?——是的,他正在读杜甫的《春夜喜雨》。
考查动词时态。根据“Hello, is Eric busy ”和语境可知,Eric此刻正在读这首诗,应用现在进行时(be doing)。故选C。
37.C
【详解】句意:——哇!音乐听起来很棒!——是的,露西正在隔壁房间拉小提琴。
考查动词时态。根据“Wow! The music sounds wonderful!”可知,拉小提琴的动作正在进行,需用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选C。
38.A
【详解】句意:——你为什么在收拾行李?——我今晚要飞往伦敦。
考查动词辨析。fly飞;meet见面;leave离开。根据“Why are you packing your bags ”和常识可知,收拾行李是因为要去某个地方,fly to...“飞往某地”,符合语境。故选A。
39.D
【详解】句意:——教室里很安静。——是的。所有学生正在认真准备期末考试。
考查动词时态。根据“The classroom is so quiet.”的语境可知,空处的动作应是正在进行,故句子应用现在进行时,构成形式为be doing。故选D。
40.C
【详解】句意:——Tony,你能接一下电话吗?我正在整理房间。——好的,妈妈,我马上来。
考查时态。根据“can you answer the telephone I ... the room.”可知,此处表示此刻正发生的动作,用现在进行时am/is/are doing,主语是I,be用am。故选C。
41.A
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上九点你在家吗?——是的,我那时正在等一个来自巴黎的电话。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“at that time”可知该句使用过去进行时,结构是“was/were doing”形式。故选A。
42.C
【详解】句意:当我来到我奶奶的院子时,她正在浇花。
考查时态。waters第三人称单数形式,一般现在时;has watered现在完成时;was watering过去进行时;watered一般过去时。根据“When I came to my grandma’s yard,”可知,当我来到我奶奶的院子时是一个过去的具体时刻,此时奶奶正在浇花,符合过去进行时的用法,故选C。
43.C
【详解】句意:Tom正在刷栅栏,这时Ben过来了。
考查动词时态。根据“when Ben came over”可知,本句为when引导的时间状语从句,从句时态用了一般过去时,故主句描述过去某时正在进行的动作,需过去进行时,结构为was/were doing。故选C。
44.D
【详解】句意:——你的朋友完成他的设计了吗?——还没有。他昨天晚上正在从事这个设计。
考查时态。根据“last night”可知,此句应用过去时态,结合“Not yet.”可知,设计还没完成,昨晚还在做,应用过去进行时,主语“He”为第三人称单数,结构用was doing。故选D。
45.B
【详解】句意:——艾米,你哥哥昨天晚上九点在做什么?——他那个时候在看一场精彩的网球比赛。
考查过去进行时。根据问句的时间状语“at nine yesterday evening”可知,提问人询问的是过去某一时间点正发生的事情,所以,答句中“at that time”也是指过去的时间点,而表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作应用过去进行时,was watching符合题意。故选B。
46.A
【详解】句意:当我们唱英文歌时,一些游客走进了我们的教室。
考查过去进行时。were singing为过去进行时;sang唱,为sing的过去式;are singing为现在进行时;are going to sing为一般将来时。根据“While we…an English song, some visitors came into our classroom.”可知,此句为主从复合句,含有while引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般过去时,从句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,其结构为“was/were doing”。故选A。
47.D
【详解】句意:当她哥哥在和猫玩的时候,Alice在看电视。
考查动词时态。while引导时间状语从句,通常主句和从句都用进行时态,表示主句的动作在从句动作进行的过程中发生,即主句从句的动作同时发生或存在。故选D。
48.A
【详解】句意:—— 杰克画完那幅画了吗?—— 我不知道。但他整个下午都在画它。
考查过去进行时。根据“the whole afternoon”可知,Jack整个下午都在画画,强调过去某个时间一直在做的事情用过去进行时。故选A。
49.C
【详解】句意:我睡得不好。我女儿整晚都在看电视。太吵了。
考查动词时态。根据“all night”可知,此处叙述的是过去某段时间正在发生或进行的动作,即女儿看电视的这个动作一整晚都在进行,应使用过去进行时was/were doing,故选C。
50.B
【详解】句意:——刘小姐,我们很久没见面了。 ——是啊,没错。去年大部分时间我都在云南省做志愿者。
考查过去进行时。work工作,动词原形;was working正在工作,过去进行时;have worked已经工作了,现在完成时;am working正在工作,现在进行时。结合语境及“for most of the time last year”可知,此处表示过去某一阶段一直发生的动作,应用过去进行时表示“那段时间一直在做某事”。故选B。
51.C
【详解】句意:——你想要一些面包吗? ——不,谢谢。我已经吃过早餐了。我现在很饱。
考查现在完成时。根据“I’m full now.”可知,此处表示过去发生的事对现在造成的影响,要用现在完成时,主语是I,所以空处要用“have+动词过去分词”。故选C。
52.D
【详解】句意:电影《中国人民志愿军》在过去的几周里非常受欢迎。
考查现在完成时。根据“The film Chinese People’s Volunteers…very popular in the last few weeks.”中的“in the last few weeks”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,其谓语部分结构为:have/has done。主语是“The film Chinese People’s Volunteers”,名词单数作主语,助动词应为“has”,“become”的过去分词形式为“become”。故选D。
53.C
【详解】句意:到目前为止,志愿者们已经在那个村庄建成了两所希望学校。
考查动词的时态。结合语境和“So far”可知,句子为现在完成时,谓语动词应用“have/has done”的结构。故选C。
54.A
【详解】句意:这本书我已经看了三分之二了,我这周将看完它。
考查现在完成时。根据“I ... two thirds of this book and I’ll try to finish it this week.”可知,这本书我已经看了三分之二了,时态是现在完成时have done,表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在。故选A。
55.D
【详解】句意:我父母结婚大约十六年了。
考查时态及延续性动词。根据“for about sixteen years”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,且用延续性动词,D项符合。故选D。
56.C
【详解】句意:她的祖母自1999年以来就去世了。
考查句子时态。根据“Her grandmother…since 1999.”可知,此处指的是她的祖母自1999年就去世了。句子时态应为现在完成时,其谓语部分结构为:have/has done。die“死亡”,为非延续性动词,可以变成其延续性动词“be dead”,句子主语“Her mother”,第三人称单数作主语,助动词应为has,故句子谓语部分应为:has been dead。故选C。
57.B
【详解】句意:——丹尼斯,你的自行车我可以借多久?——两周。艾米,但是你不能把它借给别人。
考查动词。borrow借入,是瞬间性动词;lend借出,是瞬间性动词;keep保留,是延续性动词。根据“How long”可知,与时间段连用,用延续性动词,因此第一空用keep。lend sth to sb“把某物借给某人”,因此第一空用lend,故选B。
58.C
【详解】句意:我姑姑出差去悉尼了。她将在三天后回来。
考查时态。went一般过去时;will go to一般将来时;has gone to现在完成时;has been to现在完成时。根据“She will be back in three days.”可知阿姨去悉尼的动作发生在过去,且现在人不在这儿,所以应该用 has gone to。故选C。
59.A
【详解】句意:他来中国才一个月,但他和同学们相处得很好。
考查动词短语及用法。has been in在某地待了多久;has been to去过某地 (已回);has gone to去了某地 (未回);has come to来到某地。根据题干“for only a month”可知,强调在某地待了多久,故选A。
60.A
【详解】句意:——嗨,彼得!是什么让你如此高兴?——国庆节我去过北京看升旗仪式。
考查动词短语。have been to已经去过某地,说话时已经离开了某地;have gone to已经去了某地,说话时正在某地或者在去某地的路上;have been in已经在某地。根据“What makes you so happy ”可知,彼得已经去过北京了,说话时他已经回来了。故选A。
Day 10被动语态
1.C
【详解】句意:石家庄每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。
考查时态和语态。根据“Breakfast...every day for people”可知,主语Breakfast和谓语动词provide之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应该用被动语态,排除A、B;根据“every day”可知,本句时态为一般现在时,排除D。故选C。
2.D
【详解】句意:每天午餐时间,我们学校食堂的工人都会提供不同种类的食物。
考查被动语态。serve提供,动词原形;will serve用于一般将来时;will be served用于一般将来时的被动语态;are served用于一般现在时的被动语态。主语是Different kinds of food和谓语动词serve之间存在被动关系,其结构是be done的形式,根据“every day”可知,是一般现在时的被动语态,主语是复数, be动词用are。故选D。
3.C
【详解】句意:——谁会是竞赛节目的获胜者?——直到明早宣布才有人知道结果。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。announce“宣布”,动词。not...until引导时间状语从句,主句包含现在时的情态动词can,所以从句采用一般现在时,从句主语it和动词announce之间是被动关系,所以空格处用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构是:am/is/are+动词过去分词,主语it表示单数,be动词用is,announce用过去分词announced。故选C。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你会来参加晚宴吗?——直到Alice被邀请,我才会来。
考查时态和语态。句子为not...until引导的时间状语从句,时态遵循“主将从现”原则,Alice与invite之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
5.C
【详解】句意:——南希,你什么时候交关于电影的报告呢?——先生,要到下周它被完成了才行。
考查时间状语从句的时态和被动语态。此处是until引导的时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,句子的主语“it”指代“report”,与动词“finish”之间是被动关系,报告是被完成的,所以要用被动语态,一般现在时的被动语态形式就是“is+过去分词”,“finish”的过去分词是“finished”。故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:张老师深受大家喜爱,因为他的课总是生动有趣。
考查被动语态和形容词辨析。根据“by all of us”可知主语和谓语是被动关系,用被动语态be done,排除AB;living活的;lively生动的。根据“his classes are always...and interesting”可知他的课很生动。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:如果由于未知情况而取消比赛,你可以获得退款。
考查动词时态。根据“You can get money back if the play …because of unknown situations.”可知,此处为if引导的条件状语从句,主句中含情态动词can,从句应用一般现在时,且谓语动词cancel和主语为动宾关系,因此此处为一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数名词,其结构为is+done。故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:——王叔叔,我可以和你一起参观博物馆吗?——好的,亲爱的,如果你的作业做完了的话。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。is finished是一般现在时的被动语态;has finished是现在完成时;was finished是一般过去时的被动语态;will finish是一般将来时。答语是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。空格位于从句,用一般现在时,主语your homework和谓语动词finish之间存在被动关系,用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”,主语your homework是不可数名词,be动词用is。故选A。
9.A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,这个周末我能和杰克去碧峰峡动物园吗?——当你的作业完成时,你可以去。
考查动词时态和被动语态。do做;hand in提交;complete完成;finish完成。when引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时。主语homework和动词之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,只有A选项符合。故选A。
10.D
【详解】句意:无论何时你被嘲笑,都不要在意。相信自己。你是最好的,也是唯一的。
考查被动语态。根据“Whenever you...pay no attention to it”可知此处表示“被嘲笑”,结构为be done,时态为一般现在时,主语是you,动词用are。故选D。
11.D
【详解】句意:众所周知,世界上第一台地动仪是东汉张衡发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“As we know, the world’s first seismograph…in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Zhang Heng.”可知,主语“the world’s first seismograph”与谓语动词“invent”之间是动宾关系,因此谓语部分应为被动语态,又因为句子时态为一般过去时,因此空处应为一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为:was/were+ done,主语为名词单数,助动词应为was。故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:去年10月,第81届世界科幻大会在成都成功举办。
考查时态及语态。根据“last October”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;分析句子结构可知,句子主语与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态,B项符合。故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:电话是1876年发明的。
考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据“in 1876”可知,时态为一般过去时;主语The telephone与谓语invent是逻辑上的动宾关系,要用被动语态。一般过去时态的被动语态结构为was/were done。因为主语为The telephone,单数,此题中一般过去时态的被动语态结构应为was invented。故选C。
14.A
【详解】句意:——大英现在多美啊!——大英自1997年成立以来,发生了翻天覆地的变化。
考查时态及语态。根据“since it ... in 1997”可知,第一空用现在完成时,take place是一个不及物动词短语,所以不能用于被动语态,主语是复数,助动词用have;根据“in 1997”可知,第二空用一般过去时,主语it与found是被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
15.B
【详解】句意:在会议开始前,发言者被要求在大厅外等候。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语speaker与动词ask之间是被动关系,且根据“Before the meeting started”可知,此句应用一般过去时被动语态,结构是was/were done。故选B。
16.D
【详解】句意:上周,许多新书被送给农村的孩子。
考查时态和语态。主语“Many new books”和动词“send”是动宾关系,结合“last week”可知,句子是一般过去时的被动语态,助动词用were。故选D。
17.C
【详解】句意:上周书被给了穷孩子们。
考查动词的时态。last week“上周”,用一般过去时,动词用过去式,主语是books和give之间存在被动关系,句子应用被动语态,结构为be done,主语是复数,be动词用were,give的过去分词是given,选C。
18.A
【详解】句意:——为什么我从来没见过这种5G手机?——因为它是华为上周生产的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主语“it”指代“this kind of 5G mobile phone”,与动词produce“生产”为被动关系,应用被动语态;再根据“last week”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,所以这里是一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done;主语“it”为第三人称单数,be动词用was,produce的过去分词为produced。故选A。
19.D
【详解】句意:——哦,房间太脏了,托尼!——对不起,妈妈。昨天没打扫。我忘记做这件事了。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知,此处时态为一般过去时,结合前文“Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony!”可知,此处指的是房间没有被打扫,所以主语It与clean之间构成被动语态,考查一般过去时的被动语态,结构为:was+过去分词。故选D。
20.D
【详解】句意:自从人工智能被引入以来,它对我们的学习方式产生了巨大影响。
考查动词时态和一般过去时的被动语态。根据“AI (人工智能) has had a great influence on our leaning ways since it ….”可知,此句为现在完成时态,使用since连接从句,从句部分用一般过去时;此处it和动词之前属于被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was done。故选D。
21.C
【详解】句意:如果你再认真检查一遍试卷,更多的错误会被发现并得到纠正。
考查条件状语从句和含情态动词的被动语态。根据if可知,本句为条件状语从句,符合“主将从现、主情从现”原则,即主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词,从句为一般现在时。本句中mistakes和find之间存在被动关系,应用被动语态,因此主句应使用一般将来时的被动语态或含情态动词的被动语态。故选C。
22.A
【详解】句意:——要到河的对岸太难了。——我认为应该在这条河上建一座桥。
考查被动语态。主语是“bridge”,与动词“build”之间存在被动关系,联系语境,表示应该被建立,因此运用情态动词should的被动语态,其结构为“should be done”。故选A。
23.D
【详解】句意:不要把今天的工作推迟到明天。我的意思是,今天的工作必须在今天完成。
考查被动语态。“today’s work”与动词do是被动关系,此处用被动语态;根据“Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow.”可知,今天的工作必须在今天完成,表示“必须”用must。故选D。
24.A
【详解】句意:我们城市的交通如此繁忙,应该修建更多的新路。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。“more new roads”是动词“build”的承受者,应用被动语态;含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be+过去分词。故选A。
25.D
【详解】句意:在唐代,世界上生产的几乎所有东西都可以在长安的街道上找到。
考查被动语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是被动关系,且根据时间状语“During the Tang Dynasty”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,这里表示“可以、能够被找到”,应用情态动词could的被动语态。故选D。
26.D
【详解】句意:——汤姆总是对他的作业很粗心。你能帮助他吗?——没问题!我认为他应该被告知三思而后行。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语he是动作tell的承受者,应是“被告知”,故用被动语态,结合选项可知,含情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+done。故选D。
27.B
【详解】句意:——这个项目必须在下个月底之前完成。你能完成它吗? ——我当然可以。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“by the end of next month”可知,不能用一般过去时。主语是“The project”,表示被完成要用被动语态,含有情态动词must的被动语态结构:主语+must be done+其他。故选B。
28.B
【详解】句意:——我认为在中国,烹饪应被视为教育的重要部分。——我同意。我们所有人都应该学会做饭。
考查被动语态。主语和谓语是被动关系,此处应用被动语态,根据“as an important part of education in China”可知此处表示“烹饪应被视为教育的重要部分”,用含情态动词的被动语态must be done。故选B。
29.D
【详解】句意:在唐朝,几乎世界上生产的所有东西都可以在长安的街道上找到。
考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)”可知,应用一般过去时;“nearly everything produced in the world”和“find”之间是被动关系,因此应用含有情态动词的被动语态could be done。故选D。
30.C
【详解】句意:我们老师说我们的作业必须明天交。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态和动词短语。hand in上交。根据主语our homework,结合选项可知,此处语态为被动语态,结构为:be+动词的过去分词;must“必须”,情态动词,后跟动词原形。故选C。
Day 11定语从句/宾语从句
定语从句1.D、
【详解】句意:——Cindy,你喜欢什么类型的音乐?——嗯,我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。
考查定语从句引导词。根据“I prefer music ... has great lyrics.”可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是music,且在从句中作主语,用that/which引导定语从句。故选D。
2.A
【详解】句意:我会记住那些在我生命中帮助了我很多的重要人物。
考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此句是定语从句,这里需要填入一个关系词来引导定语从句,修饰先行词the important people。that用作关系代词,指代先行词“people”,并在从句中作主语;where用作关系副词,表示地点,不能用来指代“people”;which用作关系代词,指物,不指人,不能用来指代“people”。故选A。
3.A
【详解】句意:好的演讲者使用的表达取决于他们在和谁说话或者他们彼此了解的程度。
考查定语从句的关系词。which哪一个;who谁;what什么。根据“The expressions ... good speakers use depends on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.”可知,先行词指物,且在从句中作宾语,故关系词应用which。故选A。
4.D
【详解】句意:你听说了那则关于草莓音乐会的新闻了吗?
考查定语从句的关系词。who谁;when什么时候;what什么;which哪一个。本题先行词是news,且定语从句缺少主语,因此只能选用关系代词,只有which符合题意。故选D。
5.A
【详解】句意:Mike是一个友好的男孩,总是喜欢出去认识新朋友。
考查定语从句关系词。who关系代词,指代人,在从句中作主语;which关系代词,指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;when关系副词,指代时间,在从句中作状语。句子先行词是“boy”,指代人,且在从句中作主语,应用who引导定语从句,故选A。
6.C
【详解】句意:在我看来,在所有的书中,这是唯一一本值得一读的书。
考查定语从句关系词和形容词短语。what什么;that那个;who谁;read读书,动词原形;reading为read的现在分词或动名词;to read为read的不定式。根据“In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one…is well worth…”可知,第一个空处考查定语从句,先行词是“the only one”,关系代词用that;第二个空处为形容词短语,be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,固定词组。故选C。
7.D
【详解】句意:——刘涛,你父亲的生日快到了。你打算给父亲什么惊喜?——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。
考查定语从句的关系词。who关系代词,代指人;where关系代词,代指地点;whose关系代词,谁的;that关系代词,代指人或物。根据“The first thing”可知,先行词被序数词修饰,在从句中作宾语,所以关系代词用that。故选D。
8.A
【详解】句意:他们喜欢那棵最大的树,它能让我们在下面保持凉爽。
考查定语从句。that在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,先行词是人或物;which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,先行词是物;who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,先行词是人。本句中的先行词是tree,表示物,被形容词最高级修饰时,用that引导。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:我喜欢我们上周买的第二件衬衫。
考查关系代词。分析句子,该句是定语从句,先行词“shirt”表示物,且被序数词“the second”修饰,关系代词填that。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:你应该做一切有助于提高你英语水平的事情。
考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;that引导定语从句,先行词指人或指物;it它,人称代词,不引导从句;which引导定语从句,先行词指物。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是all,是不定代词,从句中缺主语,关系代词只能用that不能用which。故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:成都是一座大城市,我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化,享受现代生活。
考查定语从句。which先行词为物;who先行词为人;that先行词为物/人;whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city,指物,且结合介词in,可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。
12.D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这是刚刚和我说话的人。先行词为the man,引导词用whom,在从句中作宾语,短语:和某人谈话 talk with sb,所以此空应填with whom,选D。
13.A
【详解】句意:西安是一座古老的城市,那里有很多名胜古迹,今年很受欢迎。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是物“an ancient city”,关系词在从句中作主语,用which引导定语从句。故选A。
14.C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢天津制造的那辆红色的轿车吗?——当然,它看起来棒极了。
考查定语从句关系词。where/when关系副词;who关系代词,修饰人;which关系代词,修饰物。先行词为“the red car”,为物,且在从句中做主语,故用关系代词which。故选C。
15.A
【详解】句意:这本书讲的是发生在我家乡的一个真实故事。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空后部分为定语从句,修饰先行词“story”,为物,且关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导该从句。故选A。
16.B
【详解】句意:1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是the day,表示时间,在从句中作状语,应用关系副词when来引导定语从句。故选B。
17.A
【详解】句意:你参观过那位著名科学家出生的房子吗?
考查定语从句。where关系副词,在定语从句中作状语;in that不用于定语从句;that关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子,该句是定语从句,先行词是“the house”,从句部分缺少的是状语,应该表达为the famous scientist was born in the house,从句需要补一个介词in才能完整,所以in the house可以用关系副词where代替。故选A。
18.A
【详解】句意:我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。
考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么;where在哪里;when当…时;who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知,此空应填关系副词why,引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词reason,并在从句中作状语,表示原因。故选A。
19.A
【详解】句意:我喜欢人们友好和善的地方,比如西安。
考查定语从句。先行词是places,表示地点,在从句中作状语,应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选A。
20.A
【详解】句意:我永远忘不了我们一起工作的那一天和一起度过的那一天。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词the day指时间,再根据句子结构可知,关系词在第一个从句中作状语,则第一个空应用关系副词when;而关系词在第二个从句中作宾语,则第二个空应用关系代词which或that。故选A。
21.A
【详解】句意:这就是儿子在车祸中丧生的那个人。
考查定语从句。在定语从句中,关系代词who(whom)和that都可指人和物(whom只作宾语,不作主语),在一般情况下,可以互换使用;whose是who的所有格,在从句中作定语,当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系,表达“……的”意思时,用关系代词whose引导定语从句,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。根据句意和句子结构可知,此句是定语从句。先行词the man和从句中的son存在所属关系,所以,关系代词要用whose。此处用whose符合题意。故选A。
22.D
【详解】句意:老师的工作就是认真地教导学生。
考查关系代词。who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;where在定语从句中作状语;whose在定语从句中作定语。分析句子结构,该句是定语从句,先行词是“the person”,设空处后为名词“work”,指的是“the person”的工作,填whose修饰“work”。故选D。
23.D
【详解】句意:你知道那本封面有美丽图画的书是玛丽的吗?
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是the book,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰名词cover,用whose引导定语从句。故选D。
24.B
【详解】句意:莉莉是一个美丽的女孩,她的梦想是将来成为一名科学家。
考查关系代词。who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose关系代词,指人或物的,在定语从句中作定语;which关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析题干可知,句子为含定语从句的复合句,先行词girl和dream之间是所属关系,而且关系代词在定语从句中作定语,应用whose来引导从句。故选B。
25.C
【详解】句意:我喜欢自己写歌的歌手。他们很有创造力。
考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;which的先行词指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;whose的先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语;whom的先行词指人,在从句中作宾语。分析题干可知,空格处是定语从句的引导词,引导词在句中作定语修饰名词songs“歌曲”,故选C。
26.C
【详解】句意:李明说他喜欢自己创作音乐的歌手。
考查定语从句和主谓一致。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词是singers,关系词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导定语从句,此处关系词指代singers,在从句中作主语,谓语动词用原形。故选C。
27.C
【详解】句意:我较喜欢给予我一些思考的电影。
考查定语从句。which主要用于指代先行词是物的情况;that 既可以指代人,也可以指代事物;who主要用于先行词指代人的情况。根据“I prefer movies...me something”可知,先行词是“movies”,是物,关系代词that指代复数“movies”,故从句中谓语动词用原形。故选C。
28.B
【详解】句意:我喜欢对学生友好的老师。
考查定语从句。分析句子,可知此句为定语从句,先行词“teachers”,指人,且为名词复数,故be动词用are;关系词在句中作主语,不能用whom。故选B。
29.C
【详解】句意:我喜欢甜的食物。
考查定语从句。根据“I like food ... sweet.”可知,此处是含定语从句的复合句;先行词“food”指物,用关系代词that引导,其中that在从句中作主语,从句的谓语动词用单数is。故选C。
30.D
【详解】句意:根据最近的一项调查,许多学生喜欢充满活力的音乐。
考查定语从句。根据“ music”可知,先行词是music,关系代词用which/that,且先行词是不可数名词,因此从句的谓语动词用is,故选D。
宾语从句
1.D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我哪里可以买到杂志吗?——三楼有一家书店。
考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何;which哪一个;when什么时候;where哪里。根据“There is a bookstore on the third floor.”可知此处询问在哪里可以买到杂志,用where引导宾语从句。故选D。
2.C
【详解】句意:我确信她能把这件事做好,但我怀疑她是否愿意做这件事。
考查宾语从句引导词。第一个从句不缺成分,意义完整,后接that引导的宾语从句;第二个空“doubt”表示不确定、有疑问时,后接宾语从句常用“if”或“whether”引导,表示怀疑某事是否会发生或是否属实等情况。故选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:——嗨,Alexia。这有一封你的信。——谢谢。我想知道这封信是否来自我的笔友。
考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder...”可知,宾语从句需要用陈述句语序,A项和D项均为疑问句语序,B项意思不符合语境。故选C。
4.A
【详解】句意:——Kate,我今晚要去参加一个聚会。你能告诉我如何在网上叫出租车吗?——我很乐意。请稍等。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除C选项;Could you please tell me后不接that引导的从句,排除B选项;根据回答“With pleasure”可知是在请求帮助而不是询问意见,A项“我如何网上叫出租车”符合,故选A。
5.C
【详解】句意:凯特不确定哪辆公交车可以带她去学校。
考查宾语从句。how many times has he been to Beijing他去过北京多少次;what the matter is with the computer错误表达,what’s the matter作宾语从句时,语序不变,排除B;which bus can take her to school哪辆公交车可以带她去学校;which hotel she can live in Shanghai她可以住上海的哪家酒店。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A项;D选项in Shanghai作状语,但是live表示“居住”,hotel作其宾语时,需要live后面用介词搭配,正确的表达为“which hotel in Shanghai she can live in”。C项没有问题,故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:——王先生,你能告诉我为什么米莉不在这里吗?——因为她出国深造了。
考查宾语从句。when Millie came back米莉什么时候回来;where does Millie live米莉住在哪里;why Millie isn’t here为什么米莉不在这里;what Millie is doing米莉正在做什么。根据答句“Because she has gone abroad for further study.”可知,问句是在询问米莉不在这里的原因,故选C。
7.D
【详解】句意:——嗨,张珂。我想知道我在校庆当天能做些什么。——你可以帮忙分发一些通知。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,根据“You can help to hand out some notices.”可知此处询问可以做些什么,用what引导宾语从句。故选D。
8.C
【详解】句意:——这些天彼得看起来不开心。——嗯,我不确定他怎么了。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A、B;根据“I’m not sure”可知主句缺少意思,不用that引导宾语从句,排除D。故选C。
9.A
【详解】句意:——我爷爷对弄清楚互联网的工作原理很感兴趣。——你可以让他看一段关于它的视频。
考查宾语从句。how怎样;when何时;what什么;who谁。根据“You can let him watch a video about it.”可知,此处是弄清楚互联网是怎样工作的。故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:——《小王子》这本小说很有趣。许多学生喜欢读它。 ——没错。你能告诉我是否可以再借一个星期吗?
考查宾语从句语序及时态。how long I can borrow it我可以借多久;if I can keep it for another week是否我能再借一个星期;when should I return it我应该什么时候还;whether I could borrow it我是否能借它。特殊疑问句变宾语从句时,语序应用陈述句语序,其结构为“特殊疑问词+陈述句语序”,故排除C;且选项A中“borrow借”为瞬间动词,不能与一段时间“how long多久”连用,故排除A;问句“Could you tell me…”表示委婉的语气,再结合语境可知,该宾语从句中的时态应为一般现在时,故排除D。故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎样才能提高我的发音吗?——通过练习。 熟能生巧。
考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除选项C和D;根据“Just by practicing. Practice makes perfect.”可知,宾语从句时态为一般现在时,故选A。
12.D
【详解】句意:——汤姆,你能告诉我运动会什么时候举行吗?——当然!下周三。
考查宾语从句。根据“could you tell me”可知考查宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A和C;再根据“Next Wednesday”可知,时态使用一般将来时。故选D。
13.C
【详解】句意:她已经承诺她很快会照顾它的。
考查动词的时态。此句是宾语从句,主句“She has promised”是现在完成时,从句中有时间状语“soon”,应用一般将来时“will take”。故选C。
14.A
【详解】句意:——汤米,如果这个星期天下雨,你知道弗兰克将会做什么吗?——对不起,我不知道。
考查动词时态。句中第一个从句为what引导的宾语从句,主句是一般现在时,从句时态不受限制,根据“this Sunday”以及if引导的条件状语从句可知,此处介绍将来要做的事情,应用一般将来时,结构:will+动词原形。故选A。
15.D
【详解】句意:——会议结束后经理问了你什么?——她问我开会为什么迟到了。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“She asked me”可知,该句是宾语从句,主句是过去时,从句也应该是过去时,排除C选项;宾语从句应该使用陈述语序,排除选项A,B。故选D。
16.D
【详解】句意:老师问学生们是否对恐龙感兴趣。
考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句要用陈述语序,排除B;根据asked,可知主句是一般过去时,从句也应该相应用过去时形式,排除C;ask含有疑问的语气,用if引导。故选D。
17.B
【详解】句意:许多外国人在玩过中国制造的游戏后,都想读读《西游记》。我们从未想到它会对世界产生如此大的影响。
考查宾语从句的时态。根据“We never thought it...the world so greatly.”可知,我们应是从未想到它会对世界产生如此大的影响。句子应用将来时,由于空格处所在句子为省略引导词that的宾语从句,主句时态为过去式,故时态应遵循“主过从必过”的原则,故此处应用过去将来时,即would do的结构。故选B。
18.A
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
考查宾语从句的时态。根据“The teacher told us that the earth ... the sun.”可知,宾语从句表示客观真理和普遍真理,不论主句用何种时态,从句一律用一般现在时,主语是“the earth”,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
19.A
【详解】句意:我被告知上海坐落于中国东部。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句是that引导的宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句“上海坐落于中国东部”是客观事实,所以从句时态为一般现在时;从句主语Shanghai为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
20.A
【详解】句意:地理老师告诉我们水覆盖了地表的四分之三。
考查时态。主句是过去式表示过去发生的动作,水覆盖了地表的四分之三是客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语water为不可数名词,所以谓语动词加s。故选A。
21.C
【详解】句意:桑迪,你还记得我们参观故宫的时候吗?
考查宾语从句。根据“do you still remember … the Palace Museum”可知,空处应为宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述句语序,即引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他,因此排除B、D项;主句谓语动词为一般现在时,因此从句可根据实际需要用任意时态,结合语境可知,故宫已经参观过了,因此应用一般过去时。故选C。
22.B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎么去奥林匹克公园吗?——你可以乘坐15路公交车。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A;主句是现在时,结合语境可知,此处从句用一般现在时,排除C。故选B。
23.A
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你知道我在哪里可以买到药吗?——当然。在那家超市里。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除BD;根据“In that supermarket.”可知此处询问在哪里买药,用where引导宾语从句。故选A。
24.A
【详解】句意:——你知道他过去长什么样子吗?——哦,他过去又矮又瘦,但是现在不一样了。
考查宾语从句。根据答句“he was short and thin, but he is different now.”可知,上文询问的是过去的长相,故用used to表示“过去怎么样”,排除CD选项;根据问句,此处宾语从句应该用陈述语序,排除B选项。故选A。
25.B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我今年暑假你打算去哪里吗?——西藏。
考查宾语从句。when何时;where哪儿。分析句子可知,此句为宾语从句,应该用陈述句语序,排除AC;根据“Tibet.”可知,此处对地点询问,用where引导宾语从句。故选B。
26.B
【详解】句意:你可以告诉我你住在哪儿吗?
考查宾语从句。where you from“你来自哪里”,宾语从句陈述句语序,短语be from用法有误;where you are from“你来自哪里”,宾语从句陈述句语序;where are you from“你来自哪里”,特殊疑问句语序;where live you“你住在哪里”,宾语从句陈述句语序 ,表述错误。根据题意可知,tell后加宾语从句,引导词+陈述句语序,主句是委婉语气,故从句时态不受限制,表达的是客观事实用一般现在时,be from意为“来自”,you是第二人称,所以,应用are。故选B。
27.D
【详解】句意:很遗憾,我错过了第四次天宫课堂!你能告诉我这次的老师是谁吗?
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”并结合选项可知,此处考查宾语从句,从句应使用陈述句语序,故排除A、B、C;D项中who作从句的主语,was是系动词,the teacher作表语,符合陈述句语序。故选D。
28.B
【详解】句意:——妈妈的生日快到了。我想给她一个惊喜,但我不知道该怎么做。——就想想她的爱好。
考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t know...”及选项可知,此处考查宾语从句,从句的语序需要使用陈述句语序,因此排除A和C;根据“Just think about her hobbies.”可知,此处指不知道怎么给妈妈一个惊喜。故选B。
29.C
【详解】句意:——我想知道怎样才能买到便宜的机票。——你可以通过这个官方应用程序预订。
考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wondering ...”可知,此处为宾语从句,应该用陈述语序,故排除B、D项。根据答语“You can book one through this official app.”可知,上句是询问怎样才能买到便宜的机票,用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
30.A
【详解】句意:——你知道考后你应该做什么吗?——立即订正错误。
考查宾语从句。what you should do你应该做什么;when you should study你什么时候开始学习。根据宾语从句中的语序要用陈述语序,可排除B和C;根据“Correct the mistakes immediately.”可知,这应该是考后做的事情,提问用what来提问。故选A。
31.B
【详解】句意:“相互了解是结交新朋友的第一步”这句话告诉我们如何交朋友。
考查宾语从句的简化。who we need我们需要谁;how to make friends如何交朋友;what a friend is like朋友是什么样的;where we should go我们应该去哪里。根据“Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends”可知,交朋友要先相互了解,此处是告诉人们如何交朋友,应用how引导宾语从句,可以简化为“how+动词不定式结构”。故选B。
32.B
【详解】句意:没有人告诉我们怎么做,所以我们需要你的帮助。
考查不定式和宾语从句。how we should do错误形式;how to do it如何去做;what should we do我们应该做什么;what to do it错误形式。分析句子结构可知,空处是“tells”的宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述句语序,根据“ so we need your help”可知,我们需要帮助,可推知没有人告诉我们该怎么做。故选B。
33.B
【详解】句意:——你能给我展示一下如何使用这个扫地机器人吗?——没问题。
考查疑问词+动词不定式。根据“...use the sweeping robot.’”及答句可知,空处是如何使用扫地机器人,疑问词用how。how +to do为特殊用法,在句中作宾语。故选B。
34.B
【详解】句意:其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话,但我不知道说什么。
考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说;what to say说什么;how to say如何说;what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知,空处指我不知道“说什么”,需what to say,在句中作宾语。故选B。
35.D
【详解】句意:我刚刚买了一个新笔记本电脑,但我不知道如何使用它。
考查疑问词+to do用法。what to use用什么;which one to use用哪一个;why to use为什么用;how to use如何用。根据“but I don’t know...it”可知,空处指“如何用”,how to use it是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的复合结构,作动词know的宾语。故选D。
36.A
【详解】句意:你能告诉我在哪里可以找到银行吗?
考查宾语从句。分析题干可知,此处考查宾语从句。从句应用陈述句语序,所以此处应是“where I can find”,或者可以简化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构,即“where to find”。故选A。
37.D
【详解】句意:我不确定我的学校作业该写些什么,所以我问我爸爸我该写什么。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I wasn’t sure”可知,what引导宾语从句,此时可用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构,故此处应用动词不定式to write。故选D。
38.C
【详解】句意:——汤姆,你能告诉我怎样给你发送一份电子邮件吗 ——当然了,很简单。
考查宾语从句的简化。题干中,tell me后需要接宾语补足语,宾语从句的语序需用陈述语序,选项A不对,可排除;主句时态是一般现在时,从句时态无需用过去时,选项B可排除;根据“ It’s easy.”可知很容易,因此是询问怎样发邮件,应用how引导的宾语从句,可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。故选C。
39.C
【详解】句意:他根本不懂英语,所以他不知道如何控制这台机器。
考查宾语从句的简化。根据“he can’t understand”可知,该句是宾语从句,当从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构,结合“the machine.”可知,应该是如何操控机器。故选C。
40.B
【详解】句意:新华书店里许多不同种类的书,我不知道买哪一本。
考查宾语从句的用法。know后跟一个宾语从句,当从句中省略主语和助动词时,可用特殊疑问词+to do来代替。根据“There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore.”可知,因书的种类多,所以不知道买哪一本,故用which to buy。故选B。
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