年级：初二 主备：张林兰 审核：吴蕴 时间：2014.5.9
课题：8B Unit7 Grammar 课型：新授 课时安排 ：一课时
学生姓名 家长签名
【学习目标】1.了解使用被动语态的语境。2.掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。 3. 熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。
【课前热身】一、大声朗读并默写出下列单词,词组或句子。
1.主动语态 the active voice 2. 被动语态 the passive voice ( 被、由_by_)
3.志愿者医生volunteer doctors 4.在飞机上做手术 do operations on the plane
5.用飞机作培训中心use the plane as a training centre 6.治愈他的眼睛问题 cure his eye problem 7. 提高眼疾病人们的生活 improve the lives of the patients with eye problems
8. 在飞机上,志愿者医生做手术. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.
9. 在飞机上，手术由志愿者医生做. On the plane, operations are done by volunteer doctors.
10.奥比斯医生帮助了许多盲人。 ORBIS doctors helped many blind people.
11. 许多盲人被奥比斯医生帮助了。Many blind people were helped by ORBIS doctors.
12. 计划慈善活动来帮助穷人plan charity activities to help the poor
13. 给街道上的人分发传单 hand out leaflets to people in the street
14. 卖玩具和光盘来筹款 sell toys and CDs to raise money
15. 给贫困地区的孩子发送新书 send new books to children in poor areas
上星期八（1）班的学生们给贫困地区的孩子发送了新书。
The Class 1, Grade 8 students sent new books to children in poor areas last week.
(改为被动语态)---- New books were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students last week. / Children in poor areas were sent new books by the Class 1, Grade 8 students last week. 16. 为穷人收集暖和的衣服 collect warm clothes for poor people
他们上星期为穷人收集暖和的衣服 They collected warm clothes for poor people last week.
(改为被动语态)---- Warm clothes were collected for poor people last week.
17. 学生会上星期举办了一个慈善演出。The Students’ Union held a charity show last week.
(改为被动语态)---- A charity show was held by the Students’ Union last week.
18. 乐施会1942年在英国创立。 Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942. (创立乐施会 set up Oxfam) 19. 开办第一个乐施会商店 open the first Oxfam shop 20.第一个乐施会商店1948年开办。
The first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. 21. 卖包括书籍在内的许多东西
sell a lot of things including books 22. 在乐施会商店包括书籍在内的许多东西有售。
A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops，including books. 23. 钱被乐施会用来帮助穷人。
The money is used by Oxfam to help poor people. (改为主动语态)---- Oxfam uses the money to help poor people. 24. 他们中的一个叫做希望工程。 One of them is called Project Hope.
25. 在它的帮助下，全国数百万贫困儿童被给予基本教育。
With its help, millions of poor children all over the country are given basic education.
(同义改写)With its help, basic education is given to millions of poor children all over the country.
26. 每年许多学校在贫困地区被建。Many schools are build in poor areas every year.
二、认真完成书本P98~100的练习。.
通过预习，哪些方面你还存在疑问
【学海拾贝】
1. 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者；在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。
如：We speak Chinese. 找出动作执行者______________ ,承受者___________________
改被动语态：________________________________________________________
The window was broken by Tom. 找出动作执行者_________________ ,承受者______________
改主动语态：________________________________________________________
2. 主动语态和被动语态的转换: 主动语态的______作被动语态的主语，主动语态的动词do的时态在被动语态中用be done的对应时态，在被动语态的末尾用____+主动语态的主语的宾格形式
3. 被动语态的基本用法: 1)动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
2)在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。 3)需要强调动作的承受者时。 4)出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
5)在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。
注意：①有些动词常用于被动语态。如：他生于南京。He __________ _________ in Nanjing.
这部手机是中国制造的。The mobile phone __________ __________ in China.
②有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如: 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。
这道菜闻起来很香。 The dish _________ good. 这段音乐听起来不错。The music _______ nice.
③还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如: read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean 等。 这些书很畅销。The books ___________ well.
这支笔写起来很顺滑。T he pen ___________ smoothly.
④在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但在被动语态中要加上to。
I saw them leave a moment ago. (改为被动) They _____ _____ _____ _____ a moment ago.
【堂清巩固】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.English ___________ (speak) widely in the world.
2.The glass ___________ (break) last night.
3.Look! All the windows___________ (close).
4.Rice ___________ (grow) in our hometown every year.
5.When __________ the computers __________ (turn) off yesterday?
6.After your homework ___________ (finish), please design the game with me.
7.This picture _____________ (paint) by Millie.
8. Coke _____________(sell ) all over the world.
9. Some money _____________ (grow) from the bank yesterday.
10. The thieves ____________ (catch) by the police.
11. This flat _____________ (built)in 1996.
12.This newsletter article ____________(write) by Daniel.
13.All the snacks ____________(eat) before the party ended.
二、将下列句子改为被动语态
1.Mr Lin organizes activities for the Computer Club.
__________________________________________________________________
2.Do they teach Japanese in the middle school?
__________________________________________________________________
3.His wife sold his books when he left her.
__________________________________________________________________
4.Did Lu Xun write the article named ‘Hometown’?
__________________________________________________________________
5.Mike and Millie clean the windows every day.
__________________________________________________________________
6. My cousin bought me some CDs yesterday.
I____________________________________/ Some CDs____________________________
课件53张PPT。Unit 7Unit 7
International charitiesPassive voice in the
simple present and past tensesGrammarn. 传单, 散页印刷品hand out the leaflet 分发, 提出1.主动语态
the active voice
2. 被动语态
the passive voice
( 被、由 ______ )
3.志愿者医生
volunteer doctors
4.在飞机上做手术
do operations on the plane
5.用飞机作培训中心
use the plane as a training centre 课前热身by 6.治愈他的眼睛问题
cure his eye problem
7. 提高眼疾病人们的生活
improve the lives of the patients with
eye problems
8. 在飞机上,志愿者医生做手术.
On the plane, volunteer doctors do
operations.
9. 在飞机上，手术由志愿者医生做.
On the plane, operations are done by
volunteer doctors. 10.奥比斯医生帮助了许多盲人。
ORBIS doctors helped many blind people.
11. 许多盲人被奥比斯医生帮助了。
Many blind people were helped
by ORBIS doctors.
12. 计划慈善活动来帮助穷人
plan charity activities to help the poor
13. 给街道上的人分发传单
hand out leaflets to people in the street
14. 卖玩具和光盘来筹款
sell toys and CDs to raise money 15. 给贫困地区的孩子发送新书
send new books to children in poor areas
上星期八（1）班的学生们给贫困地区的孩子
发送了新书。
The Class 1, Grade 8 students sent new books to children in poor areas last week.
(改为被动语态)
Children in poor areas were sent
new books by the Class 1, Grade 8 students last week.
New books were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
last week. 16. 为穷人收集暖和的衣服
collect warm clothes for poor people
他们上星期为穷人收集暖和的衣服
They collected warm clothes for poor people last week.
(改为被动语态)Warm clothes were collected for poor people last week.
17. 学生会上星期举办了一个慈善演出。
The Students’ Union held a charity show last week.
(改为被动语态) A charity show was held by the Students’ Union last week.18. 乐施会1942年在英国创立。
Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942.
(创立乐施会 set up Oxfam )
19. 开办第一个乐施会商店
open the first Oxfam shop
20.第一个乐施会商店1948年开办。
The first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948.
21. 卖包括书籍在内的许多东西
sell a lot of things including books
22. 在乐施会商店包括书籍在内的许多东西有售。
A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops， including books. ____________23. 钱被乐施会用来帮助穷人。
The money is used by Oxfam to help poor people.
(改为主动语态)
Oxfam uses the money to help poor people.
24. 他们中的一个叫做希望工程。
One of them is called Project Hope. 25. 在它的帮助下，全国数百万贫困儿童被给予基本教育。
With its help, millions of poor children all over the country are given basic education.
(同义改写)
With its help, basic education is given to millions of poor children all over the country.
26. 每年许多学校在贫困地区被建。
Many schools are built in poor areas every year.1. …, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented and cured.
2. The plane is also used as a training center.
3. Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations.
4. …, 150 patients are operated on.Translate the following sentence into Chinese.在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是动作的发出者；在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。
We speak Chinese.
找出动作执行者 _________ ,承受者_________
改被动语态：____________________________________
The window was broken by Tom.
找出动作执行者 _________ ,承受者_________
改主动语态：______________________________________学海拾贝WeChineseChinese is spoken by us.TomThe window Tom broke the window.语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：
We clean our classroom every day.
我们每天都打扫教室。
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
教室每天都被(我们)打扫。被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时强调我们，用主动语态。谁打扫的很明显，用主动语态。主动语态和被动语态的转换:主动: 被动:WespeakChinese.Chineseis spokenus.by主动语态的______作被动语态的主语，主动语态的动词do的时态在被动语态中用be done的对应时态，在被动语态的末尾用____+主动语态的主语的宾格形式宾语by被动语态的基本构成The cake was eaten by Daniel.
2. Nancy bought a book yesterday.
3. The books are looked after well by Simon.
4. He reads English words loudly every day.
5. The computer is bought by my uncle.
6. I am woken up by my father every day.Change the passive voice into the active voice
Or the active voice into the passive voice:Daniel ate the cake.
2. A book was bought by Nancy yesterday.
3. Simon looks after the books well.
4. English words are read loudly by him every day.
5. My uncle buys the computer .
6. My father wakes me up every day. None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。被动语态的基本用法The toy is designed for children.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。需要强调动作的承受者时。My bike was repaired.我的自行车修好了。The problem was talked about just now.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。这个问题刚才被讨论过。Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。有些动词常用于被动语态。如：
He _____ ______in Nanjing.
他生于南京。
The mobile phone _____ ______in China.
这部手机是中国制造的。注意:was bornwas made1. Today English _______ all over China.
A. teach B. teaches
C. is taught D. are taught
2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago.
A. hold B. was held
C. were held D. is held
3. The thief ________ by the police last night.
A. caught B. is caught
C. was caught D. were caught4. The photos _______ when I was young.
A. were taken B. was taken
C. are taken D. is taken
5. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to her party.
A. is invited B. am invited
C. are invited D. was invited
6. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm.
A. is hit B. were hit
C. will be hit D. was hit主动语态和被动语态的句式转换主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换1. 有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如: 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。
The dish _______ good.
这道菜闻起来很香。
The music _______ nice.
这段音乐听起来不错。 注意: smells sounds 还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如: read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean 等。
The books ______ well. 这些书很畅销。
The pen _________ smoothly.
这支笔写起来很顺滑。
2. 在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式
中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但是在被动
语态中要加上to。
I saw them leave a moment ago. (改被动) They ____ ____ ____ _____ a moment ago. were seen to leave sell writes The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.are planned to help the poorWhat they do every year1. Charity activities _________________________ (plan/to help the poor).are handed out to peopleLeaflets _______________________ ___________________________ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).in the street by volunteersToys and CDs _____________________
(sell/to raise money).are sold to raise moneyWhat they did last weekNew books _________________________ __________________________________ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students). were sent to children in poorareas by the Class 1, Grade 8 studentsWarm clothes __________________________ (collect/for poor people). were collected for poor peopleA charity show _____________________________ (hold/the Students’ Union). was held by the Students’ UnionAmy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really? Please tell me about it.Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
was set up was openedare soldis usedDaniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education. is called was started are givenAmy: Yea. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year. are builtExercises把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态,或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。1. Tome often helps Jenny when she is in trouble.
Jenny is often helped by Tom when she is in trouble.2. I bought a computer last week.
A computer was bought by me last week.
3. The whole cake was eaten by Eddie yesterday.
Eddie ate the whole cake yesterday.4. Many trees are planted by students and teachers every year.
Students and teachers plant many tress every year.
5. She takes good care of the children.
The children are taken good care of by her.English ___________ (speak) widely in the world.
The glass ___________ (break) last night.
Look! All the windows___________ (close).
Rice ___________ (grow) in our hometown every year.
When _______ the computers _______ (turn) off yesterday?
After your homework ___________ (finish), please design the game with me.is spokenwas brokenare closedis grownwere turnedis finished一、用所给动词的适当形式填空堂清巩固7. This picture _____________ （paint) by Millie.
8. Coke __________(sell) all over the world.
9. Some money __________(steal) from the bank yesterday.
10. The thieves ____________ (catch) by the police.
11. This flat ____________ (build) in 1996.
12. This newsletter article ____________ (write) by Daniel.
13. All the snacks _________(eat) before the party ended.was paintedis soldwas stolenwere caughtwas builtwas writtenwere eaten1.Mr Lin organizes activities for the Computer Club.
2.Do they teach Japanese in the middle school?
3.His wife sold his books when he left her.
4.Did Lu Xun write the article named ‘Hometown’?
5.Mike and Millie clean the windows every day.
6.My cousin bought me some CDs yesterday.
I__________________________________________/
Some CDs_____________________________________Activities for the Computer Club are organized by Mr Lin.Is Japanese taught by them in the middle school?His books were sold by his wife when he left her.Was the article named ‘Hometown’ written by Lu Xun?The windows are cleaned by Mike and Millie every day.二、将下列句子改为被动语态was bought some CDs by my cousin yesterday.were bought for me by my cousin yesterday.1. Review the contents of this lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
3. Preview the next lesson.2. 被动语态 ( 被、由 ______ )
3.志愿者医生
4.在飞机上做手术
5.用飞机作培训中心
6.治愈他的眼睛问题
7. 提高眼疾病人们的生活
8. 在飞机上,志愿者医生做手术. (主动)
9. 在飞机上，手术由志愿者医生做. (被动)
10.奥比斯医生帮助了许多盲人。(主动)
11. 许多盲人被奥比斯医生帮助了(被动)12. 计划慈善活动来帮助穷人
13. 给街道上的人分发传单
14. 卖玩具和光盘来筹款
15. 给贫困地区的孩子发送新书
上星期,八（1）班的学生们给贫困地区的孩子
发送了新书。 (主动)
(改为被动语态)(2)
16. 他们上星期为穷人收集暖和的衣服 (主动)
(改为被动语态)
17. 学生会上星期举办了一个慈善演出。 (主动)
(改为被动语态)
18. 乐施会1942年在英国创立。 (被动)19. 开办第一个乐施会商店
20.第一个乐施会商店1948年开办。(被动)
21. 卖包括书籍在内的许多东西
22. 在乐施会商店包括书籍在内的许多
东西有售。(被动)
23. 钱被乐施会用来帮助穷人。(被动)
24. 他们中的一个叫做希望工程。(被动)
25. 在它的帮助下，全国数百万贫困儿
童被给予基本教育。 (被动)(2)
26. 每年许多学校在贫困地区被建。(被动)
年级：初二 主备：吴蕴 审核：张林兰 时间：2014.5.12
课题：Unit7 Integrated &study skills 课型：新授 课时安排：一课时
学生姓名___________________ 家长签名 _____
【学习目标】1. 能从听力材料中获取有用的信息 2.能用已掌握的信息使相关文章的意思表达完整 3.掌握就医的基本用语，能展开相关谈话。 4.能正确使用常见的英文标点或符号。
【课前热身】背诵并默写以下单词、词组和句子：
1.战争（n）war 2.组织（v）organize=organise (n organization) 3.苍白的（adj）pale 4.事情，问题 （n）
matter 5.检查(n)check 1.联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。UNICEF is part of the United Nations.
2它于二战以后，1946年在欧洲成立。 It was set up in Europe in 1946, after World War Ⅱ.
3.在那个时候，由于战争许多儿童的生活被改变了。
At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war.
4.使世界变成一个对孩子们来说更美好的地方 make the world a better place for children
5.提供干净的水和食物 provide clean water and food
6. 想要所有的儿童都健康 want all children to be healthy
7.通过捐钱或作为志愿者来支持…support …by donating money or working as a volunteer
8.通过卖圣诞卡片和组织其它活动来筹钱
raise money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities
9. 联合国儿童基金会何时成立的？1946年。 When was UNICEF set up? In 1946.
10.联合国儿童基金会做什么来帮助人们?What does UNICEF do to help ? (做某事来…do sth to do )
11. 尽量防止他们染上疾病 try to prevent them from getting illnesses
防止/阻止某人做某事 prevent / stop sb from doing sth=keep sb (from) doing sth
12.对儿童们来说接受教育是很重要的。 It is important for children to receive basic education
13.看起来脸色苍白 look pale 14（你）怎么了？What’s the matter (with you)? =What’s wrong
(with you)? 15.我感觉不舒服。我牙疼。它受伤了。 I don’t feel well. I’ve got toothache. It hurts.
16.你像这样有多长时间了？大约两天。 How long have you felt like this? For about two days.
17.让我检查一下。 Let me have a check. 18. 没什么严重的。 It’s nothing serious.
19. 一天三次饭后吃这种药。Take this medicine after meals three times a day.
20.几天后你将会好的。 You’ll be all right in a few days.
21.用电脑来发送和接受邮件、搜索信息、画画或玩游戏
use a computer for sending and receiving emails, searching for information, drawing or playing games
22. 表达惊讶、快乐、生气、震惊或其他强烈的感情 express surprise, joy, anger, shock or other strong feelings 23. 一场慈善演出的主持人 a host of a charity show
24.盛大的一天来得很快，突然就到了慈善演出的前一天晚上。
The big day came very quickly and suddenly it was the night before the charity show.
25. 那天晚上，我完全睡不着。 I could not sleep at all that night.
26. 我不停地问自己;”演出会成功吗？“ “Will it be a success?” I kept asking myself.
27在这个大事件开始前20分钟，门打开了，许多人走进剧场。
Twenty minutes before the big event , the doors opened and many people came into the theatre.
28“再也没时间紧张了。就这样。”我自言自语地说。
“No time to be nervous any more. This is it.” I told myself.
29他们发出许多噪音， 因此我不得不大声地讲话。
They were making a lot of noise, so I had to speak loudly.
【学海拾贝】1.它帮助政府、社区和家庭使世界变成一个对孩子们来说更美好的地方。
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使役动词make + 宾语+宾语补足语（形容词、名词、过去分词、介词短语或动词原形）,表示“使某人/某物……” 他的疾病是我们担心。 His __________ made us _________.
我让她等着。 I __________ her __________. 如果许多人分担工作，将会使一份工作更容易完成。
I lots of people ______ _______ ________, it will _______ a job _______ _______ ________
使役动词make ,let ,感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice find 等后面+ __________(do) (不带to) ,
但在被动语态中，_____ 不能省略( 除let外)。 构成____ _____/_____/_______ ______ do sth
我被他逗笑了。 He made me ________.= I ________ _______ _______ _______ by him.
我经常听到他在隔壁唱歌。 I often hear him ________ in the next room.
=He ______ often ________ ________ _______ in the next room.
2联合国儿童基金会通过卖圣诞卡片和组织其他活动来筹钱。
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句中raise (v) 表示_____,______, 还可表示“举起，抬起；养育，饲养；种植；建起，竖起；提高，升高；扬起，激起；发生，提高“等含义。举手 raise your hand; 养家 raise a family; 养牛 raise cows.
raise 与rise的区别：raise （及物动词），主语发出的动作作用于其他事物； rise（不及物动词），主语自身移向较高的位置。 他们抬高了物价。They _________ the prices. （强调人为因素）
物价上涨了。 The prices _________ _________ ( 强调客观情况)
他把帽子举过了头。 He _________ his cap over his head. (人为动作)
月亮升起来了。 The moon _____________. (自身状况)
The famous singers held a concert to r__________ money for the homeless people.
今年因为干旱，蔬菜价格增长了10%.
Because of drought, the prices of vegetables have _________ _________ 10% this year.
3.一般用于询问某人身体是否不舒服或遇到了什么麻烦或东西是否坏了等情境，表示对某人或某
事的关心。用_____________________________=______________________________________?
我头疼。I _________________________.我的自行车坏了。My bike _________________________
4.using punctuation marks 使用标点符号 :
逗号（Comma） 句号（Full Stop / Period） 问号（Question Mark） 感叹号（Exclamation Mark）
引号（Quotation Marks）
【堂清巩固】 1The charities hope more_________(donate) can be sent to them to support their work.
2 How many__________(operate) has Dr Ma performed since he became a doctor?
3 With the __________(develop) of modern medicine, it’s necessary for doctors to keep learning.
4 It is such a _________(meaning) job that many teachers enjoy their work.
5 He is __________(bad) ill, the doctor is operating on him.
6 I feel ____________(real) sorry for being late again. I won’t do it from now on.
7 You can help by making a donation or doing some _________(volunteer) work.
8 The charity _____(call) UNICEF helps governments make the world a _____(good) place for children.
9.Colours can change our moods and make us ________(feel) happy or sad.
( )1.If you see the cartoon film, you will _________ laugh.
A be made B. be made to C. make to D. make
( )2. ——________ are you leaving for Beijing ?——In a couple of days.
A. How far B How often C How soon D. How long
( )3.Stop making so much ______. The children are sleeping . A. voice B. noise C. sound D. voices
( )4.——Did you hear any strange ________ when the earthquake happened?
——No, I was in my garden and was enjoying the beautiful ________ of my birds at that time.
A. voice, noise B. noise, sound C whisper, sound D. sound, voice
( )5. Tom, _______his parents, ________ helping people in trouble..
A. likes, like B. likes, likes C. like, like D. like, likes
