人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection 训练习题（含答案）
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人教版高中英语必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 训练习题
一、单词拼写（根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式）
1.The government is taking measures to r______ air pollution. (减少)
2.We should use more r______ energy sources, such as solar and wind power. (可再生的)
3.The factory was fined for p______ the river. (污染)
4.Everyone should have the sense of e______ protection. (环境的)
5.It is necessary to c______ waste paper to save resources. (回收利用)
6.We need to find a s______ way to deal with this problem. (可持续的)
7.The d______ of the rainforest is a serious problem. (破坏)
8.We should a______ the importance of environmental protection. (意识到)
9.The local government is trying to improve the e______ situation. (生态的)
10.We should make a c______ to protecting our environment. (贡献)
二、选词填空（从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空）
11. We should stop ______ trees to protect the environment.
12. The new policy will ______ the development of the local economy.
13. The government has ______ a special committee to deal with this issue.
14. We must ______ to prevent the pollution from getting worse.
15. If we don't save water, we will ______ it one day.
16. Smoking ______ our health.
17. We should ______ improving our living environment.
18. Your success ______ your hard work and determination.
19. The old temple is ______ being destroyed by the flood.
20. Every small effort can ______ in protecting the environment.
三、单句语法填空。
21.The ______ (pollute) of the river has become a serious problem.
22.We need to find ways ______ (reduce) waste.
23.______ (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees.
24.It is important for us ______ (protect) the environment.
25.The government is taking steps to improve the ______ (ecology) environment.
26.The ______ (destroy) of the forest is mainly caused by human activities.
27.We should raise people's ______ (aware) of environmental protection.
28.If we continue like this, we will be ______ danger.
29.The new technology can help us use energy more ______ (efficient).
30We must make a ______ (commit) to protecting our planet.
四、阅读理解
A
A new study shows that rising levels of planet - warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of one such gas - carbon dioxide - on rice. The researchers grew rice plants in a controlled environment. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. They found that the resulting rice crops had lower than normal levels of vitamins, minerals and protein. The researchers said the effects of planet - warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets, they noted.
In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They pumped carbon dioxide gas over the plants in an effort to create the atmosphere of the future. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein. The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc (锌) an rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The results are bad news, "especially for the nutrition of the poorer population in less - developed countries," said the University of Tokyo's Kazuhiko Kobayashi, who helped to write the report. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia, the report said.
One of the scientists is Sam Myers of Harvard University in the American state of Massachusetts. He said that findings like this are an example of the surprises climate change create. "My concern is there are many more surprises to come," he said.
Myers noted that pollution, loss of some species, destruction of forests, and other human - caused changes are likely to produce unexpected problems. He said that you cannot completely change all the natural systems that living organisms have grown to depend on over millions of years without having effects come back to affect our own health.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. One way, Kobayashi said, is to grow different forms of rice that have shown to be more resistant to higher carbon dioxide levels.
31. What does the underlined word "severe" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Better. B. More serious. C. Less. D. More positive.
32. Which vitamin in rice is increased by growing rice under high carbon dioxide levels
A. Vitamin B. B. Vitamin C. C. Vitamin E. D. Vitamin D.
33. According to Sam Myers, we should ______.
A. make more efforts to study the surprises of climate change
B. try to prevent all the natural systems from changing
C. change all the natural systems for the sake of our health
D. not make any changes to the natural systems
B
Scientists have long known that plastics are damaging the oceans. However, they were not sure where all the plastic waste came from. A new study shows that much of it is floating in the air.
A team of scientists from the United States and Denmark recently published their findings. They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world. These tiny plastic particles (颗粒) are so small that they can be breathed in by humans.
The researchers collected air samples from 11 locations around the world. They used special equipment to filter (过滤) the air and collect the microplastics. They found an average of 1,000 pieces of microplastics per cubic meter of air. In some places, the number was even higher.
The sources of these microplastics are not completely clear. But the researchers believe that they come from a variety of sources, including plastic bags, bottles, and synthetic (合成的) clothing. When these plastics break down, they release small particles into the air.
The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health. When people breathe in these particles, they can cause problems in the lungs and other organs. The researchers also said that microplastics in the air can be carried long distances by the wind. This means that they can spread to areas where there is little or no plastic production.
34. What did the new study find
A. There is more plastic waste in the air than in the ocean. B. Microplastics are floating in the air all over the world.
C. The sources of plastic waste are clear. D. Microplastics are too big to be breathed in by humans.
35. How did the researchers collect air samples
A. By using special equipment. B. By using plastic bags.
C. By using bottles. D. By using synthetic clothing.
36. What is the main concern about microplastics in the air
A. They can cause air pollution. B. They can be carried long distances by the wind.
C. They can be harmful to human health. D. They can spread to areas with no plastic production.
37. What is the best title for the text
A. The Damage of Plastics to the Oceans B. The Sources of Plastic Waste
C. Microplastics in the Air D. The Effects of Microplastics on Human Health
五、语法填空。
The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species of plants and animals. However, it 38______ (face) serious threats now. Deforestation (森林砍伐) is one of 39______ biggest problems. Every year, large areas of the rainforest 40______ (cut) down for logging (伐木), agriculture and other purposes.
This has led to many negative effects. First, it has caused a significant loss of biodiversity. Many species are 41______ (danger) of becoming extinct because their habitats are being destroyed. Second, deforestation has 42______ (affect) the climate. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, 43______ important greenhouse gas. When trees are cut down, this gas is released into the atmosphere, 44______ (contribute) to global warming.
To protect the Amazon rainforest, many measures have been taken. Some countries have passed laws 45______ (ban) illegal logging. International organizations are also working together 46______ (raise) awareness about the importance of the rainforest. 47______ is everyone's responsibility to protect this precious natural resource.
答案及汉语解析
一、单词拼写
reduce 政府正在采取措施减少空气污染。
renewable 我们应该使用更多可再生能源，比如太阳能和风能。
polluting 这家工厂因污染河流被罚款。
environmental 每个人都应该有环保意识。
recycle 回收利用废纸以节约资源是有必要的。
sustainable 我们需要找到一个可持续的方法来处理这个问题。
destruction 雨林的破坏是一个严重的问题。
aware 我们应该意识到环境保护的重要性。
ecological 当地政府正在努力改善生态环境。
contribution 我们应该为保护环境做贡献。
二、选词填空
cutting down 我们应该停止砍伐树木来保护环境。
lead to 新政策将导致当地经济的发展。
set up 政府已经成立了一个特别委员会来处理这个问题。
take action 我们必须采取行动来防止污染变得更严重。
run out of 如果我们不节约用水，总有一天我们会用完它。
is harmful to 吸烟对我们的健康有害。
focus on 我们应该专注于改善我们的生活环境。
depends on 你的成功取决于你的努力工作和决心。
in danger of 这座古老的寺庙有被洪水摧毁的危险。
make a difference 每一个小小的努力在保护环境中都能起到作用。
三、单句语法填空
pollution 河流的污染已经成为一个严重的问题。
to reduce 我们需要找到减少浪费的方法。
Recycling 回收利用纸张可以节省很多树木。
to protect 对我们来说，保护环境是重要的。
ecological 政府正在采取措施来改善生态环境。
destruction 森林的破坏主要是由人类活动引起的。
awareness 我们应该提高人们的环保意识。
in 如果我们继续这样下去，我们将处于危险之中。
efficiently 这项新技术可以帮助我们更有效地利用能源。
commitment 我们必须致力于保护我们的星球。
四、阅读理解
A
B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets, they noted.” 可知，这些人吃大米最多且饮食结构最简单，所以气候变化对他们的影响应是最严重的，severe 意为 “更严重的”，故选 B。
C 细节理解题。根据第三段中 “However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.” 可知，在高二氧化碳环境下种植的水稻，其维生素 E 含量增加了，故选 C。
A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 “My concern is there are many more surprises to come” 以及最后一段可知，Sam Myers 认为像这样的发现只是气候变化带来的惊喜之一，还有更多，所以我们应该更加努力研究气候变化带来的惊喜，故选 A。
B
B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 “They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world.” 可知，新研究发现微塑料在世界各地的空气中漂浮，故选 B。
A 细节理解题。根据第三段中 “They used special equipment to filter the air and collect the microplastics.” 可知，研究人员使用特殊设备收集空气样本，故选 A。
C 细节理解题。根据第五段中 “The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health.” 可知，空气中微塑料主要的问题是它们对人体健康有害，故选 C。
C 主旨大意题。文章主要围绕新研究发现微塑料在世界各地的空气中漂浮这一内容展开，介绍了其收集方式、来源及危害等，C 选项 “空气中的微塑料” 最适合做标题，故选 C。
五、语法填空
is facing 考查时态。根据 now 可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，故填 is facing。
the 考查冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词 the，故填 the。
are cut 考查语态。主语 large areas of the rainforest 与 cut down 之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 are cut。
in danger 考查固定短语。in danger of 意为 “处于…… 的危险中”，故填 in danger。
affected 考查时态。根据 has 可知，此处用现在完成时，故填 affected。
an 考查冠词。此处表示 “一种重要的温室气体”，important 以元音音素开头，故填 an。
contributing 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填 contributing。
to ban 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to ban。
to raise 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to raise。
It 考查 it 作形式主语。真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语 to protect this precious natural resource，故填 It。
一、单词拼写（根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式）
1.The government is taking measures to r______ air pollution. (减少)
2.We should use more r______ energy sources, such as solar and wind power. (可再生的)
3.The factory was fined for p______ the river. (污染)
4.Everyone should have the sense of e______ protection. (环境的)
5.It is necessary to c______ waste paper to save resources. (回收利用)
6.We need to find a s______ way to deal with this problem. (可持续的)
7.The d______ of the rainforest is a serious problem. (破坏)
8.We should a______ the importance of environmental protection. (意识到)
9.The local government is trying to improve the e______ situation. (生态的)
10.We should make a c______ to protecting our environment. (贡献)
二、选词填空（从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空）
11. We should stop ______ trees to protect the environment.
12. The new policy will ______ the development of the local economy.
13. The government has ______ a special committee to deal with this issue.
14. We must ______ to prevent the pollution from getting worse.
15. If we don't save water, we will ______ it one day.
16. Smoking ______ our health.
17. We should ______ improving our living environment.
18. Your success ______ your hard work and determination.
19. The old temple is ______ being destroyed by the flood.
20. Every small effort can ______ in protecting the environment.
三、单句语法填空。
21.The ______ (pollute) of the river has become a serious problem.
22.We need to find ways ______ (reduce) waste.
23.______ (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees.
24.It is important for us ______ (protect) the environment.
25.The government is taking steps to improve the ______ (ecology) environment.
26.The ______ (destroy) of the forest is mainly caused by human activities.
27.We should raise people's ______ (aware) of environmental protection.
28.If we continue like this, we will be ______ danger.
29.The new technology can help us use energy more ______ (efficient).
30We must make a ______ (commit) to protecting our planet.
四、阅读理解
A
A new study shows that rising levels of planet - warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of one such gas - carbon dioxide - on rice. The researchers grew rice plants in a controlled environment. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. They found that the resulting rice crops had lower than normal levels of vitamins, minerals and protein. The researchers said the effects of planet - warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets, they noted.
In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They pumped carbon dioxide gas over the plants in an effort to create the atmosphere of the future. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein. The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc (锌) an rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The results are bad news, "especially for the nutrition of the poorer population in less - developed countries," said the University of Tokyo's Kazuhiko Kobayashi, who helped to write the report. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia, the report said.
One of the scientists is Sam Myers of Harvard University in the American state of Massachusetts. He said that findings like this are an example of the surprises climate change create. "My concern is there are many more surprises to come," he said.
Myers noted that pollution, loss of some species, destruction of forests, and other human - caused changes are likely to produce unexpected problems. He said that you cannot completely change all the natural systems that living organisms have grown to depend on over millions of years without having effects come back to affect our own health.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. One way, Kobayashi said, is to grow different forms of rice that have shown to be more resistant to higher carbon dioxide levels.
31. What does the underlined word "severe" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Better. B. More serious. C. Less. D. More positive.
32. Which vitamin in rice is increased by growing rice under high carbon dioxide levels
A. Vitamin B. B. Vitamin C. C. Vitamin E. D. Vitamin D.
33. According to Sam Myers, we should ______.
A. make more efforts to study the surprises of climate change
B. try to prevent all the natural systems from changing
C. change all the natural systems for the sake of our health
D. not make any changes to the natural systems
B
Scientists have long known that plastics are damaging the oceans. However, they were not sure where all the plastic waste came from. A new study shows that much of it is floating in the air.
A team of scientists from the United States and Denmark recently published their findings. They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world. These tiny plastic particles (颗粒) are so small that they can be breathed in by humans.
The researchers collected air samples from 11 locations around the world. They used special equipment to filter (过滤) the air and collect the microplastics. They found an average of 1,000 pieces of microplastics per cubic meter of air. In some places, the number was even higher.
The sources of these microplastics are not completely clear. But the researchers believe that they come from a variety of sources, including plastic bags, bottles, and synthetic (合成的) clothing. When these plastics break down, they release small particles into the air.
The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health. When people breathe in these particles, they can cause problems in the lungs and other organs. The researchers also said that microplastics in the air can be carried long distances by the wind. This means that they can spread to areas where there is little or no plastic production.
34. What did the new study find
A. There is more plastic waste in the air than in the ocean. B. Microplastics are floating in the air all over the world.
C. The sources of plastic waste are clear. D. Microplastics are too big to be breathed in by humans.
35. How did the researchers collect air samples
A. By using special equipment. B. By using plastic bags.
C. By using bottles. D. By using synthetic clothing.
36. What is the main concern about microplastics in the air
A. They can cause air pollution. B. They can be carried long distances by the wind.
C. They can be harmful to human health. D. They can spread to areas with no plastic production.
37. What is the best title for the text
A. The Damage of Plastics to the Oceans B. The Sources of Plastic Waste
C. Microplastics in the Air D. The Effects of Microplastics on Human Health
五、语法填空。
The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species of plants and animals. However, it 38______ (face) serious threats now. Deforestation (森林砍伐) is one of 39______ biggest problems. Every year, large areas of the rainforest 40______ (cut) down for logging (伐木), agriculture and other purposes.
This has led to many negative effects. First, it has caused a significant loss of biodiversity. Many species are 41______ (danger) of becoming extinct because their habitats are being destroyed. Second, deforestation has 42______ (affect) the climate. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, 43______ important greenhouse gas. When trees are cut down, this gas is released into the atmosphere, 44______ (contribute) to global warming.
To protect the Amazon rainforest, many measures have been taken. Some countries have passed laws 45______ (ban) illegal logging. International organizations are also working together 46______ (raise) awareness about the importance of the rainforest. 47______ is everyone's responsibility to protect this precious natural resource.
答案及汉语解析
一、单词拼写
reduce 政府正在采取措施减少空气污染。
renewable 我们应该使用更多可再生能源，比如太阳能和风能。
polluting 这家工厂因污染河流被罚款。
environmental 每个人都应该有环保意识。
recycle 回收利用废纸以节约资源是有必要的。
sustainable 我们需要找到一个可持续的方法来处理这个问题。
destruction 雨林的破坏是一个严重的问题。
aware 我们应该意识到环境保护的重要性。
ecological 当地政府正在努力改善生态环境。
contribution 我们应该为保护环境做贡献。
二、选词填空
cutting down 我们应该停止砍伐树木来保护环境。
lead to 新政策将导致当地经济的发展。
set up 政府已经成立了一个特别委员会来处理这个问题。
take action 我们必须采取行动来防止污染变得更严重。
run out of 如果我们不节约用水，总有一天我们会用完它。
is harmful to 吸烟对我们的健康有害。
focus on 我们应该专注于改善我们的生活环境。
depends on 你的成功取决于你的努力工作和决心。
in danger of 这座古老的寺庙有被洪水摧毁的危险。
make a difference 每一个小小的努力在保护环境中都能起到作用。
三、单句语法填空
pollution 河流的污染已经成为一个严重的问题。
to reduce 我们需要找到减少浪费的方法。
Recycling 回收利用纸张可以节省很多树木。
to protect 对我们来说，保护环境是重要的。
ecological 政府正在采取措施来改善生态环境。
destruction 森林的破坏主要是由人类活动引起的。
awareness 我们应该提高人们的环保意识。
in 如果我们继续这样下去，我们将处于危险之中。
efficiently 这项新技术可以帮助我们更有效地利用能源。
commitment 我们必须致力于保护我们的星球。
四、阅读理解
A
B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets, they noted.” 可知，这些人吃大米最多且饮食结构最简单，所以气候变化对他们的影响应是最严重的，severe 意为 “更严重的”，故选 B。
C 细节理解题。根据第三段中 “However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.” 可知，在高二氧化碳环境下种植的水稻，其维生素 E 含量增加了，故选 C。
A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 “My concern is there are many more surprises to come” 以及最后一段可知，Sam Myers 认为像这样的发现只是气候变化带来的惊喜之一，还有更多，所以我们应该更加努力研究气候变化带来的惊喜，故选 A。
B
B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 “They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world.” 可知，新研究发现微塑料在世界各地的空气中漂浮，故选 B。
A 细节理解题。根据第三段中 “They used special equipment to filter the air and collect the microplastics.” 可知，研究人员使用特殊设备收集空气样本，故选 A。
C 细节理解题。根据第五段中 “The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health.” 可知，空气中微塑料主要的问题是它们对人体健康有害，故选 C。
C 主旨大意题。文章主要围绕新研究发现微塑料在世界各地的空气中漂浮这一内容展开，介绍了其收集方式、来源及危害等，C 选项 “空气中的微塑料” 最适合做标题，故选 C。
五、语法填空
is facing 考查时态。根据 now 可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，故填 is facing。
the 考查冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词 the，故填 the。
are cut 考查语态。主语 large areas of the rainforest 与 cut down 之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 are cut。
in danger 考查固定短语。in danger of 意为 “处于…… 的危险中”，故填 in danger。
affected 考查时态。根据 has 可知，此处用现在完成时，故填 affected。
an 考查冠词。此处表示 “一种重要的温室气体”，important 以元音音素开头，故填 an。
contributing 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填 contributing。
to ban 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to ban。
to raise 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to raise。
It 考查 it 作形式主语。真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语 to protect this precious natural resource，故填 It。