Unit 1 What's the matter？ 单元话题阅读理解（含答案+解析） -2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（人教版）.docx

Unit 1 What's the matter？
单元话题阅读理解专练
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
"An apple a day keeps the doctor away" is an old English saying. It means that eating nutritious food will make you healthy. As a result, you will not need to see the doctor very often.
It is important to have a healthy diet. Your diet is the food you eat every day. If you are looking for nutritious food, apples are a good place to start. Studies have shown that apples are a very healthy snack.
Apples are low in calories and have no fat. They provide a lot of vitamin A and vitamin C. Apples can also help reduce high blood pressure. They have a wide variety of health benefits.
Biting into a juicy apple will do good to your teeth, too. Dentists believe that eating apples reduces tooth decay (蛀牙) . It helps clean your teeth and kill bacteria (细菌).
Of course, apples are not the only nutritious food. There are many other nutritious "super foods" such as blueberries, oranges, salmon and yogurt. You should try to eat as more as you can of these "super foods".
1．Eating apples helps keep us healthy because _____.
A．apples are low in calories and fat
B．apples are rich in vitamin A and vitamin C
C．apples can prevent high blood pressure
D．none of the above is right
2．Studies have shown that _____ is/ are a very healthy snack.
A．bread B．milk C．fish D．apples
3．The underlined word "nutritious" in the first paragraph means "_____" in Chinese.
A．苹果的 B．必需的 C．有营养的 D．维他命的
4．Nutritious "super foods" include _____ according to the passage.
①apples ②salmon ③blueberries ④pork ⑤oranges ⑥ice cream
A．①③④⑤ B．①②③⑤ C．①②③⑥ D．②③④⑤
5．It is TRUE that _____ according to the passage.
A．biting into a juicy apple will do harm to your teeth
B．apples are the most nutritious food to help keep you healthy
C．you will never need to see the doctor if you eat an apple every day
D．eating apples reduces tooth decay by cleaning your teeth and killing bacteria
6．We can probably find this passage _____.
A．in a health magazine B．in an English dictionary
C．in a travel guidebook D．on a school noticeboard
阅读理解

The first piece of the International Space Station (ISS) went into space in 1998. The ISS has worked for over 20 years. More than 200 astronauts from 19 countries have worked there and done research there. It is old now. Around the year 2031, it will fall to Earth and "sleep" forever.
The place for it to "sleep" is Point Nemo (尼莫点). It is about halfway between New Zealand and Chile, in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is named after Captain Nemo from Jules Verne's novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. "Nemo" also means "no one" in Latin (拉丁语). It is the furthest place from land. The closest humans to Point Nemo are often astronauts in space. There aren't many animals either, because the water has poor nutrients (营养物). This makes it safe to drop old spacecraft (航天器) there.
Since 1971, the United States, Russia, Japan and European countries have been using Point Nemo for dropping their old spacecraft. More than 263 pieces of space junk are there now. People call it the "space graveyard (墓地)".
7．How old will the ISS be when it goes to "sleep"
A．About 20 years old. B．About 29 years old.
C．About 33 years old. D．About 43 years old.
8．The underlined word "it" refers to "_____" in the second paragraph.
A．the ISS B．Pacific Ocean C．New Zealand D．Chile
9．The writer mentions that astronauts in space are the closest humans to Point Nemo to show _____.
A．most people hate to visit Point Nemo
B．Point Nemo is far from where humans live
C．astronauts often travel to Point Nemo
D．only a few animals can live near Point Nemo
10．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The ISS will return to space in 2031.
B．The name "Nemo" comes from a famous movie.
C．All the countries like to drop their old spacecraft at Point Nemo.
D．Point Nemo has become a common graveyard for the old spacecraft.
11．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The history of the ISS. B．The importance of the ISS.
C．Some information about space junk. D．Some information about Point Nemo.
阅读理解
Everybody will have some health problems. Here are Mr. Black's problems and his doctor's advice. I hope they can help you.
Mr. Black's problems
My name is David Black. I live in a small house. When I eat and drink, I am always worried they are dirty. So when I am hungry or thirsty, I don't want to eat food or drink water. And I never go out when the weather is cold or hot, because I am worried I'll have a cold. I don't go out often because I don't want to talk with others. I hardly exercise, but sometimes I take a walk in my garden. After I walk for a few minutes, I have to take a rest. I am always very weak and tired. I often have a headache, but I don't want to see a doctor. What should I do
Dr. Smith's advice
Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of "yin" and "yang" to be healthy. I think you have too much "yin" because you are always worried about something and you don't like going out or talking with others. I think you should eat some "yang" foods, like beef and you need to exercise more. Also, talking with others can make you feel relaxed. And if you don't feel very well, it's important for you to go to see a doctor. And you will feel better after you take some Chinese medicine.
12．The underlined word "they" here refers to "_____________".
A．Mr. Black and Mr. Smith
B．only Mr. Black's problems
C．only Mr. Smith's advice
D．Mr. Black's problems and Mr. Smith's advice
13．Mr. Black doesn't go out when the weather is cold or hot, because he is worried________________.
A．he will be hungry or thirsty B．he has to talk with others
C．he will have a cold D．he will get lost
14．If you are always worried and you don't like going out, maybe you____________.
A．have too much "yang"
B．have too much "yin"
C．have a balance of "yin" and "yang"
D．need to eat some "yin" food
15．Which is NOT Dr. Smith's advice
A．Eating "yang" foods. B．Playing more sports.
C．Staying at home and resting. D．Taking some Chinese medicine.
16．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage
A．Mr. Black often has dirty foods to eat.
B．Mr. Black has to have a rest after a short walk.
C．Mr. Black often sees a doctor when he feels bad.
D．Mr. Black likes to eat beef very much.
阅读理解
I was cycling (骑自行车) and saw a man about 250 meters in front of me. I could tell he was cycling slower than me and I decided to catch up with him and beat (打败) him.
I started cycling faster and faster. After a few minutes I was only about 100 meters behind him, so I tried harder. Finally, I caught up with him and passed him. I felt so good. I won, but he didn't even know we were racing.
After I passed him, I found that I had missed my turn.
Isn't it just like life We often race against others, trying to beat them or show that we're more successful or more important. We spend so much time and energy (精力) running after them that we miss out on our own paths (小路).
The problem with unhealthy competition is that it's a never ending cycle. There will always be someone in front of you. What you should do is just run your own race and wish others well.
17．When the writer saw the man, he decided to ____ him.
A．ride past B．follow
C．make friends with D．stay away from
18．What happened to the writer at last
A．The man shouted at him. B．The man said hi to him.
C．He missed his turn. D．He broke his bike.
19．What can we learn from the story
A．Competition is important in life. B．Get better grades than others.
C．Try to catch up with the winner. D．Follow your own paths in life.
阅读理解
"Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. " This is an old English saying. It means that when we go to bed early, we can get up early the next morning. Then we will become healthy. We will also become rich and clever.
This is true. To keep healthy, we must have enough sleep. Experts (专家) say that adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep a night. Teenagers need nine to ten hours. And school aged children may need more than ten hours of sleep. Children who do not have enough sleep can't do their work very well. They won't be wise and they may not become wealthy!
We also need exercise. Walking, running, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps us strong. It also helps the blood to move around the body. This is very important. Our blood takes the nutrition (营养) from food to all parts of our body.
The head also needs blood. So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better!
20．If we want to keep fit, we'd better ____.
A．go to bed late B．get up late
C．stay up late D．have enough sleep
21．Who need the most hours of sleep to keep healthy
A．Adults. B．Teenagers.
C．Experts. D．School aged children.
22．A child ____ when he does not have enough sleep.
A．can't study well B．will be wise
C．will be wealthy D．will be active in class
23．A person needs exercise because ____.
A．he is not strong enough B．it helps make him healthy
C．he has a lot of homework to do D．it can bring him much blood
24．阅读理解
One day an American went to a small town in South America for his holidays. Few people went there because it was far away from the cities. He fell ill（生病） and wanted very much to see a doctor.
The American went to find out how he could find a fine doctor there. A man told him, "That's very easy. If there is a patient（病人） that a doctor can't cure（治愈）, the doctor has to put a balloon over his clinic（诊所）. "
The American thought, "The fewer balloons are, the finer the doctor is." He began to look for the finest doctor along the street. First he found a clinic. There were 20 balloons. After a few minutes he found another one-30 balloons. He thought neither doctor was fine.
At last he found the third clinic. Only 5 balloons were there. He was very happy and went in.
"Wait a minute," said the doctor. "I'm too busy, you know. This clinic opened only yesterday." The American was very much surprised（感到吃惊的） and said to himself, "Where can I find the finest doctor "
（1） went to the small town for their holidays.
A．Many people B．No one C．Everyone D．Few people
（2）The American wanted to see a doctor because .
A．he didn't feel well B．he was very happy
C．he was very tired D．his leg was hurt
（3）The doctor in the third clinic was .
A．a new doctor B．an old doctor
C．the finest D．better than the first one
（4）How long was the third clinic over there
A．For a week. B．For two days. C．For a month. D．For a day.
25．阅读理解
Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene（场景）, but each perceives（察觉）something different about it.
Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket（罚单）. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow（拉着）. For perception（感知） is the mind's interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.
Many psychologists（心理学家） today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.
（1）Perceiving is an action that takes place _____.
A．in our eyes
B．only when we think very hard about something
C．only under the direction of a psychologist
D．in every person's mind
（2）People perceive different things about the same scene because ____.
A．they see different things. B．they can not agree about things
C．some have better eyesight D．none of these
（3）Psychologists study perception by _____.
A．setting up many experiments. B．asking each other what they see.
C．looking out of windows. D．Studying people's eyes.
（4）The best title for this article is _____.
A．How We See
B．Learning About Our Minds Through Science
C．What Psychologists Perceive
D．How To Become An Experimental Psychologist
26．阅读理解
Do you know the story about Vince It was a true story. Vince was an English boy and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him, “Vince, your hands are very dirty again.” Go and wash them. ” But Vince never washed them well. He only put his hands in the water for a few seconds and then took them out again.
Vince's uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with Vince's parents, and they brought their small son, Toby, with them. Toby was seven years old and he didn't like soap or water, either.
The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside. When they were pla ying, Vince looked at Toby's hands and then went back to Toby's parents and said proudly (骄傲地）， “Toby's hands are dirtier than mine, ”
“Of course they are，”Toby said angrily. “You are one year older than I am, ”
（1）Vince's mother asked him to ______three or four times a day.
A．wash his hands B．do his homework
C．clean his bedroom D．wash his teeth
（2）When Vince saw Toby's hands, he felt ________.
A．sorry B．proud C．sad D．terrible
（3）Vince's hands were a little______than Toby's.
A．Dirtier B．cleaner C．bigger D．smaller
（4）From the story we know that_______
A．Vince liked soap and water, but Toby didn't
B．Toby liked soap and water，but Vince didn't
C．Vince and Toby liked soap and water
D．Vince and Toby didn't like soap or water
（5）How many people are there in the story
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.
答案解析部分
1．B
2．D
3．C
4．B
5．D
6．A
这篇短文主要讲述了吃苹果对健康有多种益处：苹果热量低，不含脂肪。它提供大量的维生素A和维生素C，还有助于降低高血压，减少蛀牙等。
考查阅读理解题。做题时首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
1．细节题。根据第三段Apples are low in calories and have no fat. They provide a lot of vitamin A and vitamin C. Apples can also help reduce high blood pressure. They have a wide variety of health benefits. 苹果热量低，不含脂肪。苹果提供大量的维生素A和维生素C。苹果还有助于降低高血压。它们对健康有多种益处。可知 ，吃苹果有助于我们健康因为苹果富含大量的维生素A和维生素C。故选：B。
2．细节题。根据第二段Studies have shown that apples are a very healthy snack.研究表明，苹果是一种非常健康的零食。故选：D。
3．语义猜测题。根据后面make you healthy使你健康，结合所给词汇可知此处指的是"吃有营养的食物会使你健康"，故选：C。
4．细节推理题。根据最后一段Of course, apples are not the only nutritious food. There are many other nutritious "super foods" such as blueberries, oranges, salmon and yogurt.当然，苹果并不是唯一有营养的食物。还有许多其他营养丰富的"超级食物"，如蓝莓、橙子、三文鱼和酸奶。可知，超级营养食物包括苹果、三文鱼、蓝莓、橙子。故选：B。
5．细节推理题。根据第四段Biting into a juicy apple will do good to your teeth, too. Dentists believe that eating apples reduces tooth decay (蛀牙) . It helps clean your teeth and kill bacteria. 咬一口多汁的苹果对你的牙齿也有好处。牙医认为吃苹果可以减少蛀牙。它有助于清洁牙齿和杀死细菌。可知，吃苹果可以通过清洁牙齿和杀死细菌来减少蛀牙。故选：D。
6．细节推理题。这篇短文主要讲述了吃苹果的好处：苹果热量低，不含脂肪。它提供大量的维生素A和维生素C，还有助于降低高血压，减少蛀牙，它对健康有多种益处。由此可知这篇文章可能出现在一本健康杂志上。故选：A。
7．C
8．A
9．B
10．D
11．D
这篇短文主要介绍了尼莫点的位置、名字来源和一些其他的信息。
考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词句，在文中找到相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
7．细节推理题。根据第一段第一句"The first piece of the International Space Station (ISS) went into space in 1998. "可知，国际空间站在 1998 年发射升空。再结合第一段最后一句"Around the year 2031, it will fall to Earth and 'sleep' forever. "可知，大约在 2031 年，它就会落到地球上并永远"沉睡"。由此推测，它"睡去"时大约是 33 岁。故选：C。
8．语义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的"it will fall to Earth and 'sleep' forever"可知，国际空间站会落到地球上并永远"沉睡"。再根据第二段第一句"The place for it to 'sleep'. . . "可知，此处指它"睡去"的地方是尼莫点，故此处的 it 指代的是国际空间站。故选：A。
9．细节推理题。根据第二段第五句"It is the furthest place from land. "可知，尼莫点是离陆地最遥远的地方。由此可推知，作者提到"离尼莫点最近的人类一般是在太空中的宇航员"是进一步说明这里距离地球上人类的活动地十分遥远，比在太空中的宇航员还要远。也就是说，尼莫点离人类居住的地方非常遥远。故选：B。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，美国、俄罗斯、日本和欧洲各国都用尼莫点来坠毁旧航天器，人们称之为"太空墓地"。故 D 项"尼莫点已经成了旧航天器的一个共享墓地"正确。故选：D。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文以国际空间站引出尼莫点这个主题，详细介绍了尼莫点的位置、名字来源和一些其他的信息，故选：D。
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．C
16．B
主要讲了史密斯先生的问题和建议。
考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
12．细节题。根据上句Here are Mr. Black's problems and his doctor's advice. 可知这里列举了布莱克先生的问题和他的医生的建议。所以they在这里指代Mr. Black's problems and Mr. Smith's advice，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据句子“And I never go out when the weather is cold or hot，because I am worried I'll have a cold. ”可判断，布莱克先生在冷天或热天不外出，因为他担心感冒。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据句子“I think you have too much‘yin'because you are always worried about something and you don't like going out or talking with others.”可判断，如果你总是担心某事并且不喜欢外出，说明你阴气太重。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据I think you should eat some "yang" foods, like beef and you need to exercise more. Also, talking with others can make you feel relaxed. And if you don't feel very well, it's important for you to go to see a doctor. And you will feel better after you take some Chinese medicine.可知你应该吃一些“阳”的食物，比如牛肉，你需要多锻炼。此外，与他人交谈可以让你感到放松。如果你感觉不太好，去看医生是很重要的。吃点中药后你会感觉好些，“待在家里休息”不是史密斯先生给布莱克先生提的建议。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据句子“After I walk for a few minutes，I have to take a rest. ”可判断，布莱克先生步行一会儿后就需要休息。故选B。
17．A
18．C
19．D
主要讲了作者和其他人比赛骑车的故事，来告诉我们在人生中往往为了凸显自己比别人成功，比别人重要，最后都迷失了自己原本的路，正确的做法应该是稳扎稳打走自己的路。
考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后理解题目，最后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定答案。
17．细节题。根据He was cycling a little slower than me and I decided to try to catch up with him. 可知当作者看到前面有一个人骑着自行车在他前面的时候，他决定努力赶上他。故答案为A。
18．细节题。根据After I passed him, I found that I missed my turn, and went six blocks past it and had to turn around and go all the way back.我从他身边经过后，发现我错过了转弯，于是我走过了六个街区，不得不掉头一路往回走，可知在作者超过他之后，他发现自己错过了自己本来的路。故答案为C。
19．主旨题。根据What you should do is just run your own race and wish others well.你应该做的只是跑自己的比赛，并祝福他人，结合文章讲述作者因只顾着超越别人而错过了自己本来的路，由此可知文章告诉我们应该走自己的路，祝福别人。故答案为D。
20．D
21．D
22．A
23．B
主要讲了早睡早起的好处。
考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
20．细节题。根据To keep healthy, we must have enough sleep.，可知充足睡眠可以保持健康，故选D。
21．细节题。根据Experts (专家) say that adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep a night. Teenagers need nine to ten hours.And school aged children may need more than ten hours of sleep.专家表示，成年人每晚应该睡七到八个小时。青少年需要九到十个小时，学龄儿童可能需要十几个小时的睡眠，可知学龄孩子睡眠最多，故选D。
22．细节题。根据Children who do not have enough sleep can't do their work very well.可知睡眠不足的孩子不能很好地完成他们的工作，故选A。
23．细节题。根据Exercise keeps us strong.锻炼保持我们强壮，可知让我们健康，故选B。
24．（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
短文大意：一个男子身体不舒服，便去了一个偏远的地方求医，后来当地人告诉他，医院门口气球越少，医生医术越好，后来这个男子一直没有找到自己满意的医生。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 Few people went there because it was far away from the cities 可知， 很少人去那个小镇，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 He fell ill and wanted very much to see a doctor可知，这个男人身体不舒服，因而想看医生，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的
I'm too busy, you know. This clinic opened only yesterday 可知这个医生是新的，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据文章提到的 I'm too busy, you know. This clinic opened only yesterday 可知， 这家医院一共开了2天，故选B。
考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。
25．（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（1）根据第二段第一句“Perceiving goes on in our minds.”可知。
（2）人们看到相同的情景会觉察到不同的事物与我们的思维有关。
（3）由最后一段“By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.”可知。
（4）纵观全文的意思可知。
26．（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
短文大意：本文介绍了不爱洗手的两个小孩Vince和Toby，当他们俩在一起玩时，Vince看到自己的手要比Toby的干净些，感到很骄傲，但Toby却认为自己小一岁，当然会脏些。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段Three or four times a day his mother said to him, “Vince, your hands are very dirty again.” Go and wash them. ”他的母亲一天三四次对他说“Vince,你的手又很脏了。去洗洗。”可知Vince的妈妈一天三、四次让他洗手，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据短文第二段When they were playing, Vince looked at Toby's hands and then went back to Toby's parents and said proudly (骄傲地）， “Toby's hands are dirtier than mine, ”当他们玩时，Vince看着Toby的手然后回到Toby父母那里骄傲地说“Toby的手比我的脏。”可知当Vince看到Toby的手比自己的更脏时感到很骄傲，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Toby's hands are dirtier than mine, ”可知Vince的手比Toby的干净些，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据Vince was an English boy and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. 和Toby was seven years old and he didn't like soap or water, either.可知Vince和Toby都不喜欢肥皀和水，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。综合全文，可知文中提到了Vince一家三口和Toby一家三口共六个人，故选C。
.认真审题，读懂题意。由于题目要求形式多样，在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数。快速阅读，掌握大意。在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意，然后结合前面的题目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任务。细读题目，完成任务。在明白题意和文章意思的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分，这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息，确保答题的准确性。