专题7 阅读理解10篇 -2024-2025学年（人教版）八年级英语上册寒假复习（含答案+解析）
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| 名称 | 专题7 阅读理解10篇 -2024-2025学年（人教版）八年级英语上册寒假复习（含答案+解析） |  | |
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人教版八年级英语上册寒假复习
专题7 阅读理解10篇
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答
案。
Kim and Ray were close friends. One day, they went on a sea voyage (航行). At first, everything was fine. However, their ship was broken in the middle of the ocean. Kim and Ray left the ship and swam to a nearby island.
Kim and Ray didn't find anything to eat on the island. They had to pray（祈祷; 祷告） that they could survive (存活). They wanted to know whose prayer would be more powerful. Kim moved to the eastern part of the island and prayed there. Ray went to the western part of the island and prayed there.
Kim prayed and his prayer came true. He got some meat, fruit and vegetables on the seashore. Several days later, Kim prayed that he could have a ship to take him home. His prayer came true again. There came a ship to take him home.
As Kim was about to enter the ship, he heard someone speak to him. It was just a voice, "Are you going alone, leaving your friend here "
Then Kim remembered about Ray. He asked the voice, "May I know who you are "The voice answered, "I am the one that answers everyone's prayers. In fact, I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's prayers. He said 'please make all of Kin's prayers come true. '"
Kim was in tears and rushed to the other side of the island. When he found Ray there, Ray was dying because he didn't have anything to eat. Kim said sorry to Ray, gave him some food and saved his life in time. He realized that Ray's prayer was more powerful. It was because Ray's prayer was totally selfless.
1．Why did Kim and Ray swim to an island
A．They wanted to visit the island.
B．They went on a sea voyage.
C．They didn't have any food.
D．Their ship was broken.
2．Why was Kim in tears after he heard what the voice had said
A．Because he got all the things he had prayed for.
B．Because he had the chance to go back home.
C．Because he didn't know where his friend was.
D．Because he was moved by what Ray did.
3．Put the sentences in the right order according to the text.
① Kim knew the truth.
② Kim and Ray got to the island.
③ Kim prayed for food and a ship.
④ Kim found Ray and said sorry to him.
⑤ Kim and Ray went to different places and prayed.
⑥ Kim was about to take the ship and leave the island.
A．②⑤③⑥①④ B．②⑤③①⑥④
C．②③⑤⑥④① D．②③⑤⑥①④
4．What does the underlined word "selfless " mean in Paragraph2
A．真诚的 B．有帮助的 C．无私的 D．愚蠢的
5．What does the writer want to tell us
A．A friend is easier lost than found.
B．Don't make friends with someone silly.
C．True friends always think about each other.
D．We should ask for help when in trouble.
阅读理解
London is a famous city. It has a long history. Many people visit the beautiful city every year. There are many beautiful places. When you visit London, you must see these beautiful places.
Buckingham Palace
Do you know who lives there Of course, the queen lives there. It was built in 1703. After that, many buildings were built there. In the Palace, there are a lot of art works. The Palace is opened to public (公众) for two months each summer.
Big Ben
It is a very famous clock in London. It is on the tower. The tower is 320 feet high, and the clock is 23 feet wide. The minute hands are 14 feet long. It was built in 1859.
Tower Bridge
It is London's most famous landmark. Inside the twin towers, you can see the stories of the bridge.
London Zoo
Children must be interested in it! It was opened in 1828. It is one of the most famous zoos in the world. You can see 650 kinds of animals in the zoo.
6．When can people visit the Buckingham Palace
A．Each spring. B．Each summer. C．Each autumn.
7．How wide is the clock on the tower
A．320 feet. B．23 feet. C．14 feet.
8．What can you see in the Tower Bridge
A．The stories of the bridge.
B．Many animals.
C．Some queens.
9．How old is London Zoo now
A．Over 190 years. B．Over 200 years. C．Over 210 years.
10．What is the best title of the passage
A．Tour About London Zoo
B．Around London
C．A Beautiful Tour
阅读理解
A tree has roots. People have roots, too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar (不熟悉的) word and you will understand where it came from.
Prefix, Suffix & Root Words
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other". Examine the word "alternate". Can you find the Latin root in it
· If you and your friend like to eat out. first you pay and the other pays the next-time. You are alternating paving. · If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. · If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your "rooting for words" skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
11．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is "alternating paying"
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them.
12．How does the writer explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
13．"Sen" from the Latin word means 'old'. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years.
B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
14．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2, …)
A． B．
C． D．
请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Do you know the word "metaverse（元宇宙）" The metaverse is a virtual world. We can come in it, not just looking at it on a screen. You should wear special things in it, like glasses and gloves. They can help you see, hear and touch（触摸）.
In this virtual world, you can do many things, like in your real life（真实生活）. Are you tired of（厌倦） taking classes at home Let's go to a virtual classroom! It looks like a real classroom at school. You can ask your teacher questions and talk with your classmates. After class, you may want to have fun. Then you can go on a virtual trip（旅行）with your friends. You can play sports together.
Do you want to take a virtual trip to the moon（月球） You can also do this in the virtual world. That is cool, isn't it
15．How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story.
B．By showing a picture.
C．By using other people's words.
D．By asking a question.
16．What does the underlined（画线的）word "virtual" mean
A．真实的 B．虚拟的 C．美丽的 D．无聊的
17．What can help people see, hear and touch in the metaverse
A．Computers. B．People's glasses.
C．Special things. D．Clothes.
18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the material (根据材料, 以下哪一项是正确的)
A．The virtual classroom is a real classroom at school.
B．We can't come in the metaverse, just looking at it on a screen.
C．You can take a real trip to the moon（月球）in the metaverse.
D．You can play sports together with your friends in the metaverse.
19．What is the passage (文章) about
A．The real life.
B．A virtual trip.
C．A virtual world.
D．Metaverse can help people learn.
阅读理解
Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line, but 83-year-old Mildred Wilson from Missouri, the USA, surprised us.
In fact, Mildred just finished her third Tough Mudder race this May, becoming the oldest person to ever complete （完成） the race. "A lot of people think as they get older, they have to sit down and give up. It's not so," Mildred said.
Mildred has always been active and played sports with her son since he was old enough. She even played for her company's volleyball, softball, tug-of-war and tennis teams. So she wanted to give it a go at Tough Mudder when she watched her son Danny Wilson take on the World's Toughest Mudder challenge in Las Vegas.
Mildred joined Danny's youth group to prepare for the event. But first, she went to her doctor. The doctor checked her over and was sure she was strong enough to run the race. Then after months of exercising, Mildred's first Tough Mudder race arrived in May, 2019. Finally, with the help of her son, she made it.
Setting up GoFundMe, Mildred hopes to raise money to help people in need. She used her second and third races to raise money to build a fresh water well in Africa, "I will get muddy soothers can drink clean water," wrote Mildred on GoFundMe.
As for her future, Mildred plans to take part in the races for as long as she can. "If I'm still alive and healthny, I wil!" she said.
20．What can we know abut Tough Mudder according to the passage
A．It's hard to complete.
B．It's an American sport.
C．It's only for young people.
21．The underlined part "give it a go" is closest in meaning to "____".
A．stop B．try C．succeed
22．What can we learn from the passage
A．Mildred finished the three races alone.
B．Mildred used all her races to collect money for people in need.
C．Mildred doesn't think age could stop people from trying new things.
23．What is the best title for the passage
A．Tough Mudder, Hardest Obstacle Course Race
B．Difficult Races for Mildred and Danny Wilson
C．An 83-year-old Woman Running in Difficult Races for Three Times
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you walk through the streets of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, you'll notice something different about the city: the street art. All around the city, the walls are covered in colorful and bright paintings.
In the past, this street art was not allowed. But in 2009, the city passed a law allowing street art on private buildings. In 2014, Rio de Janeiro became the first city in the world to allow graffiti(涂鸦) in places such as skate parks and the walls that surround construction sites(围绕建筑工地).
People who want to create street art in Rio de Janeiro can't just paint any wall with any picture, though. They still have to follow some rules. And if an artist wants to create a picture on the walls of someone's house or shop, the artist must ask the owner first. But getting permission(准许) might not be too hard.
Street art is very popular throughout the city, both with the locals and with visitors. Many tourists come to Brazil just to see it. They can even take special guided street-art tours through Rio de Janeiro. One government officer has also set up a special online street-art project. Volunteers can join the project and travel around the city, taking photos of the street art. They then upload(上传) their photos onto a street-art website, along with other information, such as the location and the artist. This means that when someone paints a new piece of art over an old picture, there is still a record of what was there before.
In some communities, street artists have set up art schools and held festivals to teach young people more about their art. Street art in Rio de Janeiro has not only made the streets more colorful and exciting, but also helped to bring communities together.
24．When did painting on private buildings begin to be allowed in Rio de Janeiro
A．In 2009.
B．In 2014.
C．About ten years ago.
25．How can the project in Paragraph 4 help with the street art
A．It helps record the paintings on the street.
B．It helps build a website about the street art.
C．It teaches more people about the skills of art.
26．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A．①②/③④⑤ B．①/②③/④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤
27．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．the influence of art
B．how to enjoy art in Brazil
C．the street art in Rio de Janeiro
阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Bryan ran home. "Dad! Look!" he called excitedly. "I found the cutest pet in the river! I named him Hoppy. "
Dad had a closer look, "Oh, a frog! How handsome!"
"Do you think Hoppy will like it here "
"Why don't you keep him for a while, and then we'll see how he's going. "
Bryan found a shoebox. Using a pen, he poked（戳）air holes in the top of the box. "Welcome to your new home. In you go, Hoppy. "
"Are you hungry " Bryan asked. He lifted his frog out of the box and put some sandwich pieces in front of him. "Eat up, Hoppy. " Bryan watched. . . But Hoppy didn't eat. Bryan waited. . . Hoppy just sat and stared（瞪眼看）. "Don't you like sandwiches "
Bryan put Hoppy back in the box. "I think Hoppy's tired. I'm going to make him a comfortable bed. " Bryan cut the old newspapers into pieces and put them into the box. He put Hoppy on his new bed. "Are you cozy now I'll tell a story to help you sleep. " When the story was over, Hoppy was still awake.
"Can't you sleep Why " Bryan asked. Hoppy just sat . . . and stared. Bryan didn't know what to do and sat thinking.
"How are you getting along " Dad asked.
Bryan cried, "Hoppy doesn't want to eat or sleep. "
"Think about what he really needs. "
A little later, Bryan ran into the house looking for his dad. "Whoa!" said Dad. "What's the hurry And where's Hoppy "
"I took him back to the river, " Bryan said. "He was sure glad to be home! When I put Hoppy down, he jumped into the river, caught a fly and ate it. Then, guess what!"
"What "
Bryan laughed. "Just before Hoppy jumped into the water, I think I saw him smile at me. "
28．Why does Bryan make air holes on the top of the box
A．Because he wanted to let fresh air in.
B．Because he wanted to talk with the frog.
C．Because he wanted to eat the sandwich pieces.
D．Because he wanted to play with the new box.
29．The underlined word "cozy" probably means "____".
A．tired B．sleepy C．comfortable D．busy
30．In which order did Bryan's feelings change in the story
A．excited→happy→sad→surprised B．excited→surprised→sad→happy
C．sad→excited→surprised→happy D．surprised→happy→sad→excited
31．What is the best title for the text
A．A Lovely Frog B．A Lover of Frog
C．Life with Hoppy D．A Home for Hoppy
阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Memory loss (遗忘) is very common as people get old. A 10-year-long study of the elders in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is connected to slower memory loss even when people carry a risky gene (高危基因) for Alzheimer's (阿尔茨海默氏症). Researchers followed 29,000 people aged at least 60 years for 10 years. About 50 percent of the participants were women.
At the beginning of the study in 2009, the researchers tested the participants' memory with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT听觉词语学习测验). They were also tested for the most common gene connected with Alzheimer's. Around 20 percent of the participants were carriers of the risky gene. The participants received tests in 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019. In the follow-ups, six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed: a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, active social contact, active cognitive activity, non-smoking and never drinking alcohol.
The results showed that the AVLT scores continuously decreased over the 10 years. But the highest test scores were in the group with good habits and the lowest in the group where people usually have an unhealthy lifestyle. In a word, the participants with healthier lifestyles, even when they were risky gene carriers, had a slower rate of memory loss than the participants with unhealthy lifestyles.
The researchers said that they studied the relevance (相关性) between lifestyle factors and their effects for an entire 10 years and offered important information to protect the elders against memory loss. The results about the risky gene carriers are still positive because healthy lifestyle risks are related to a slower rate of memory loss, even though there is genetic risk.
32．How many women participants participated in the study
A．About 13,000. B．About 15,500.
C．About 14,300. D．About 13,500.
33．What does the underlined word "follow-ups" in paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．参与者 B．坚持不懈 C．后续年份 D．追踪复查
34．According to the study, the following are all lifestyles connected to slower memory loss EXCEPT ________.
A．Regular physical exercise B．Active cognitive activity
C．Smoking and drinking alcohol D．Active social contact
35．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A．People are more likely to have memory loss if they carry a risky gene for Alzheimer's.
B．According to the AVLT, the memory of the participants in the test got worse.
C．About 25 percent of the participants were carriers of the risky gene.
D．The researchers had studied the relevance between lifestyle and their effects for more than 10 years.
36．What is the text mainly about
A．The healthier your lifestyle, the slower your memory loss.
B．The importance of living a healthy life.
C．Memory loss is common as people get old.
D．An amazing study.
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings, others are as small as rice. Plants are an important part in nature because they give out oxygen. All animals need it for breathing.
What is a plant Most people can find the differences between an animal and a plant. That is because animals can move around, but plants can't. What makes a plant Like animals, plants are living things with lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food with water, CO2 and sunlight. Most plants have roots, stems, and leaves, and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds.
How does a plant grow For most animals, genes (基因) control (控制) their growth. That means when they are small, it's easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Genes controlled their growth too, but their final shapes may be different because of the place they live. For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space (空间), but taller and thinner if it grows with many other trees around it. Plants can't move from one place to another, so it is important for them to fit (适应) in the place they live.
37．What can we learn in Paragraph 1
A．Parts of plants. B．Number of plants.
C．Colors of plants. D．Food of plants.
38．How does the writer talk about the plants in Paragraph 2
A．By comparing. B．By telling stories.
C．By giving numbers. D．By drawing pictures.
39．What can we know about plants from the passage
A．Trees grow tall and thin in an open place.
B．Plants and animals grow in different ways.
C．Only environment controls the plants' growth.
D．The same kind of plants grow into the same shape.
40．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．The Magic Plants B．Life of an Animal
C．The Growth of Animals D．Plants and Sunlight
答案解析部分
1．D
2．D
3．A
4．C
5．C
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述金和瑞在海上因为船故障所以游泳到一个岛上，他们在岛上的不同地方祈祷。金祈祷得到了食物和船，准备独自坐船离开的时候，才得知真相是瑞祈祷金所有的愿望成真。金很感动，找到瑞并及时救了瑞。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段"their ship was broken in the middle of the ocean. Kim and Ray left the ship and swam to a nearby island（ 他们的船在大洋中破损了。金和瑞离开了船，游到了附近的一个岛上。 ）"可知他们的船在海中央破裂了，金和瑞离开船游泳到附近的岛上。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据"In fact, I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's
prayers. He said 'please make all of Kin's prayers come true. '（ 事实上，我并不是在回应你的祈祷。我只是在回应雷的祈祷。他说‘请让金的所有祈祷都成真。'" ）"可知，金哭泣是因为他被瑞为自己梦想的祈祷感动了。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段"swam to a nearby island（ 游到了附近的一个岛上。 ）"金和瑞到一个岛上，第二段"Kim moved to the eastern part of the island and prayed there. Ray went to the western part of the island and prayed there（ 金搬到了岛的东部并在那里祈祷。瑞则去了岛的西部并在那里祈祷。 ）"他们到不同的地方祈祷，第三段"He got some meat, fruit and vegetables on the seashore. Several days later, Kim prayed that he could have a ship to take him home. His prayer came true again（ 他在海岸边找到了一些肉、水果和蔬菜。几天后，金祈祷能有一艘船带他回家。他的祈祷再次应验了。 ）"金祈祷食物和船，倒数第二段"Kim was about to enter the ship（ 金正准备上船。 ）"金正要乘船离开小岛，"I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's prayers, He said ‘please make all of Kin's prayers come true'（ 我并没有回应你的祈祷。我只是在回应瑞的祈祷。他说"请让金的所有祈祷都成真"。 ）"金知道了真相，最后一段"When he found Ray there, Ray was dying because he didn't have anything to eat. Kim said sorry to Ray, gave him some food and saved his life in time（ 当他找到瑞时，雷因为没有什么东西吃而即将死去。金向雷道歉，给了他一些食物，并及时救了他的命。 ）"金找到了瑞并给他道歉。可知顺序是②⑤③⑥①④。故选A。
4．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段 "He said ‘please make all of Kin's prayers come true（ 他说："请让金的所有祈祷都成真。" ）'"及最后一段"Ray's prayer was more powerful. It was because Ray's prayer was totally selfless（ 瑞的祈祷更有力量。这是因为瑞的祈祷完全是无私的。 ）"瑞希望金所有的愿望都成真，瑞的祈祷是强大的，因为他的祈祷完全是无私的。可推知，画线词selfless. 的意思是"无私的"。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。文章讲述金和瑞在海上因为船故障所以游泳到一个岛上，他们在岛上的不同地方祈祷。金祈祷得到了食物和船，准备独自坐船离开的时候，才得知真相是瑞祈祷金所有的愿望成真。金很感动，找到瑞并及时救了瑞。作者想告诉读者 "True friends always think about each other真正的朋友总是考虑着对方"。故选C。
6．B
7．B
8．A
9．A
10．B
文章大意：介绍了伦敦的一些景点。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．细节理解题。根据第3段The Palace is opened to public (公众) for two months each summer. (故宫向公众开放每年夏天两个月。)可知Buckingham Palace夏天对外开放，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第5段The tower is 320 feet high, and the clock is 23 feet wide. (塔高320英尺，钟宽23英尺。)可知钟宽23英尺，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据第7段It is London's most famous landmark.Inside the twin towers, you can see the stories of the bridge. (它是伦敦最著名的地标。在双塔内，你可以看到这座桥的故事。)可知在塔桥，你可以看到这座桥的故事，故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第9段Children must be interested in it!lt was opened in 1828. (孩子们一定对此感兴趣!它于1828年开放。)可知London Zoo于1828年开放，现在是2023年，即开放了190多年，故选A。
10．标题归纳题。根据第1段London is a famous city.It has a long hi story.Many people visit the beautiful city every year.There are many beautiful places.When you visit London,you must see these beautiful places. （伦敦是一个著名的城市。它有着悠久的历史。每年都有许多人参观这座美丽的城市。有许多美丽的地方。当你访问伦敦时，你一定会看到这些美丽的地方。)可知环绕伦敦符合文章主题，故选B。
11．C
12．B
13．A
14．C
主要讲了学习单词的一些方法。
考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
11．细节题。根据If you and your friend like to eat out. first you pay and the other pays the next-time. You are alternating paving.可知如果你和你的朋友喜欢在外面吃饭。你先付钱，对方下次再付钱。您正在交替支付，即轮流支付，故选C。
12．细节题。根据Let's look at one common root word used in English.让我们来看看英语中常用的一个词根词，可知是举例子，故选B。
13．细节题。A.我哥哥比我大两岁；B.他病了，所以缺课了；C.一名罪犯被依法判处死刑；D.60名学生参加了运动会。sen是指年龄大，old老的，指的是年龄，故选A。
14．文章结构题。根据第一段It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar (不熟悉的) word and you will understand where it came from.文字也是如此。深入挖掘一个陌生的大单词，你就会明白它是从哪里来的，可知总体介绍学习单词；第二段到第四段主要具体讲了学习单词的方法；根据最后一段可知是总结学习单词的方法，总—分—总，故选B。
15．D
16．B
17．C
18．D
19．C
文章的主要内容是关于一个虚拟世界的介绍。
考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
15．推理判断题。根据"Do you know the word 'metaverse（元宇宙）' "可知，通过提问，作者引起了读者的兴趣，进而引出文章的主题——元宇宙。因此，作者是通过提问来开始这篇文章的。故选D。
16．词义猜测题。根据"In this virtual world,you can do many things,like in your real life"可知在这个虚拟的世界里，你可以做很多事情，就像在你的真实生活中一样。根据上下文可以推断出，"virtual"在这里的意思是"虚拟的"。因此，选项B"虚拟的"是正确答案。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据"You should wear special things in it,like glasses and gloves. They can help you see,hear and touch"可知你应该在里面戴上特殊的东西，比如眼镜和手套。它们可以帮助你看到、听到和触摸到"。根据这句话可以推断出，在元宇宙中，特殊的东西（如眼镜和手套）可以帮助人们看到、听到和触摸到。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据"You can play sports together"可知，你可以在元宇宙中和你的朋友一起运动。因此，D选项是正确答案。故选D。
19．文章大意题。文章主要介绍了"元宇宙"（Metaverse）这个虚拟世界的概念以及在其中可以做的事情，如上课、旅行等。因此，文章的主要内容是关于一个虚拟世界的介绍，选项C"一个虚拟世界"最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
20．A
21．B
22．C
23．C
本文主要讲述了83岁的美国密苏里州老太太Mildred Wilson如何成为全球完成Tough Mudder障碍赛最年长的人，并通过参与比赛筹集资金帮助非洲人民获得清洁水源的故事。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
20．细节理解题，根据句子Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line. Tough Mudder是世界上最困难的障碍赛之一。跑步者需要通过许多障碍，并在泥泞中跑步。对任何人来说，冲过终点线都是一个挑战。可知Tough Mudder很难完成，故选A。
21．词义猜测题，根据句子So she wanted to give it a go at Tough Mudder when she watched her son Danny Wilson take on the World's Toughest Mudder challenge in Las Vegas. 因此，当她看到儿子丹尼·威尔逊在拉斯维加斯参加世界上最艰难的泥人挑战时，她想在"艰难泥人"上......。可推知此处是指她想试一试，与"try"同义，故选B。
22．细节理解题，根据句子"A lot of people think as they get older, they have to sit down and give up. It's not so," Mildred said. Mildred说："很多人认为随着年龄的增长，他们必须坐下来放弃。事实并非如此。"可推知Mildred认为年龄不会阻止人们尝试新事物，故选C。
23．主旨大意题，根据句子Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line, but 83-year-old Mildred Wilson from Missouri, the USA, surprised us. Tough Mudder是世界上最困难的障碍赛之一。跑步者需要通过许多障碍，并在泥泞中跑步。对任何人来说，冲过终点线都是一个挑战，但来自美国密苏里州的83岁老人Mildred却让我们大吃一惊。结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了83岁的美国密苏里州老太太Mildred Wilson如何成为全球完成Tough Mudder障碍赛的故事，故选C。
24．A
25．A
26．B
27．C
文章大意：文章主要是介绍了里约热内卢的街头艺术。
考查阅读理解。先通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"But in 2009, the city passed a law allowing street art on private buildings.但在2009年，该市通过了一项法律，允许在私人建筑上进行街头艺术。"可知，是在2009年被允许的，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段句子"One government officer has also set up a special online street-art project. Volunteers can join the project and travel around the city, taking photos of the street art. They then upload(上传) their photos onto a street-art website, along with other information, such as the location and the artist. This means that when someone paints a new piece of art over an old picture, there is still a record of what was there before."可知，这个项目可以帮助人们记录在街上的作品，故选A。
26．篇章结构题。通读全文以及根据文章的理解，第一段引出话题——里约热内卢的街头艺术；第二、三段介绍里约热内卢街头艺术的历史发展；第四段介绍街头艺术的欢迎程度；第五段介绍里约热内卢的街头艺术的意义。文章结构是①/②③/④/⑤ ，故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"If you walk through the streets of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, you'll notice something different about the city: the street art."可知，文章主要是介绍了里约热内卢的街头艺术，故选C。
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
本文主要讲了小男孩布莱恩在河边捡回一只青蛙做宠物，尽管他为这只青蛙做了很多事情，但是青蛙不为所动，最后布莱恩发现青蛙真正的家其实在水里，于是他把青蛙放归河里。
考查阅读理解。首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。
28．推理判断题。根据第五段Bryan found a shoebox. Using a pen,he poked (戳) air holes in the top of the box. "Welcome to your new home. In you go,Hoppy. " (布赖恩发现了一个鞋盒。他用笔捅了捅 (戳) 盒子顶部的气孔。"欢迎来到你的新家。你走吧，霍皮。")结合常识可知，布莱恩在盒子顶上打洞是为了让新鲜的空气进去，这样才能居住。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第七段I'm going to make him a comfortable bed (我要给他做一张舒适的床) 结合常识可推测，此处在问新做的床是否舒适，所以此处应指"舒服"。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段he called excitedly (他激动地喊) 可知，开始布莱恩是激动的；根据第八段Can't you sleep Why "你难道不睡觉吗 为什么 "可推测布莱恩是感到意外的；根据第十段Bryan cried (布莱恩哭了) 可知，布莱恩是伤心的；根据最后一段Bryan laughed (布莱恩笑了) 可知，布莱恩是开心的。所以他的情绪变化为激动——惊讶——伤心——开心，故选B。
31．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，小男孩布莱恩在河边捡回一只青蛙做宠物，尽管他为这只青蛙做了很多事情，但是青蛙不为所动，最后布莱恩发现青蛙真正的家其实在水里，于是他把青蛙放归河里。根据此可知，D项"霍皮的家"最适合作本文标题。故选D。
32．C
33．D
34．C
35．B
36．A
文章主要说明了你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力下降就越慢。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
32．细节题。根据researchers followed 29，000 people aged at least 60 years for 10 years.About 50 percent of the participants were women研究人员对29000名年龄在60岁以上的人进行了为期10年的跟踪调查。约50%的参与者是女性，可知29000人做调查，大约百分之50为女性，所以有大约14000女性参与了这项研究。故选C。
33．词义猜测题。根据The participants received tests in 2012，2014，2016 and 2019.参与者在2012年、2014年、2016年和2019年接受了测试，可知，分别在2012年、2014年、2016年和2019年参与调查，所以推断出是追踪调查。故选D。
34．推断题。根据In the follow-ups，six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed：a healthy diet，regular physical exercise，active social contact，active cognitive activity，non-smoking and never drinking alcohol在随访中，分析了六个健康的生活方式因素：健康的饮食、定期的体育锻炼、积极的社交接触、积极的认知活动、不吸烟和从不饮酒，可知，除了吸烟和饮酒之外，定期体育锻炼、积极的认知活动和积极的社交联系都与较慢的记忆力丧失有关。故选C。
35．推理题。根据The results showed that the AVLT scores continuously decreased over the 10 years.结果显示，AVLT评分在10年内持续下降，可知，参与者的分数持续在下降，所以B项描述正确。故选B。
36．主旨题。根据A 10-year-long study of the elders in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is connected to slower memory loss even when people carry a risky gene （高危基因） for Alzheimer's一项针对中国老年人的长达10年的研究发现，即使人们携带阿尔茨海默氏症的危险基因，健康的生活方式也会减缓记忆力的丧失，及最后一段中The The results about the risky gene carriers are still positive because healthy lifestyle risks are related to a slower rate of memory loss，even though there is genetic risk关于风险基因携带者的结果仍然是积极的，因为健康的生活方式风险与较慢的记忆力丧失率有关，尽管存在遗传风险，可知，本文主要说明了你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力下降就越慢。故选A。
37．B
38．A
39．B
40．A
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物的种类、习性、基因等方面的知识。
本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
37．段落大意题。根据第一段中的"There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth."地球上有着超过400000种植物。可知，本段主要讲述了植物的数量，故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"That is because animals can move around,but plants can't."那是因为动物可以四处移动，但是植物不能。可知，本段作者通过比较动物和植物，故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"That is because animals can move around,but plants can't."那是因为动物可以四处移动，但是植物不能。可知，植物和动物以不同的方式生长，故选B。
40．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了植物的种类、习性、基因等方面的知识，"神奇的植物"适合作本文标题，故选A。
专题7 阅读理解10篇
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答
案。
Kim and Ray were close friends. One day, they went on a sea voyage (航行). At first, everything was fine. However, their ship was broken in the middle of the ocean. Kim and Ray left the ship and swam to a nearby island.
Kim and Ray didn't find anything to eat on the island. They had to pray（祈祷; 祷告） that they could survive (存活). They wanted to know whose prayer would be more powerful. Kim moved to the eastern part of the island and prayed there. Ray went to the western part of the island and prayed there.
Kim prayed and his prayer came true. He got some meat, fruit and vegetables on the seashore. Several days later, Kim prayed that he could have a ship to take him home. His prayer came true again. There came a ship to take him home.
As Kim was about to enter the ship, he heard someone speak to him. It was just a voice, "Are you going alone, leaving your friend here "
Then Kim remembered about Ray. He asked the voice, "May I know who you are "The voice answered, "I am the one that answers everyone's prayers. In fact, I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's prayers. He said 'please make all of Kin's prayers come true. '"
Kim was in tears and rushed to the other side of the island. When he found Ray there, Ray was dying because he didn't have anything to eat. Kim said sorry to Ray, gave him some food and saved his life in time. He realized that Ray's prayer was more powerful. It was because Ray's prayer was totally selfless.
1．Why did Kim and Ray swim to an island
A．They wanted to visit the island.
B．They went on a sea voyage.
C．They didn't have any food.
D．Their ship was broken.
2．Why was Kim in tears after he heard what the voice had said
A．Because he got all the things he had prayed for.
B．Because he had the chance to go back home.
C．Because he didn't know where his friend was.
D．Because he was moved by what Ray did.
3．Put the sentences in the right order according to the text.
① Kim knew the truth.
② Kim and Ray got to the island.
③ Kim prayed for food and a ship.
④ Kim found Ray and said sorry to him.
⑤ Kim and Ray went to different places and prayed.
⑥ Kim was about to take the ship and leave the island.
A．②⑤③⑥①④ B．②⑤③①⑥④
C．②③⑤⑥④① D．②③⑤⑥①④
4．What does the underlined word "selfless " mean in Paragraph2
A．真诚的 B．有帮助的 C．无私的 D．愚蠢的
5．What does the writer want to tell us
A．A friend is easier lost than found.
B．Don't make friends with someone silly.
C．True friends always think about each other.
D．We should ask for help when in trouble.
阅读理解
London is a famous city. It has a long history. Many people visit the beautiful city every year. There are many beautiful places. When you visit London, you must see these beautiful places.
Buckingham Palace
Do you know who lives there Of course, the queen lives there. It was built in 1703. After that, many buildings were built there. In the Palace, there are a lot of art works. The Palace is opened to public (公众) for two months each summer.
Big Ben
It is a very famous clock in London. It is on the tower. The tower is 320 feet high, and the clock is 23 feet wide. The minute hands are 14 feet long. It was built in 1859.
Tower Bridge
It is London's most famous landmark. Inside the twin towers, you can see the stories of the bridge.
London Zoo
Children must be interested in it! It was opened in 1828. It is one of the most famous zoos in the world. You can see 650 kinds of animals in the zoo.
6．When can people visit the Buckingham Palace
A．Each spring. B．Each summer. C．Each autumn.
7．How wide is the clock on the tower
A．320 feet. B．23 feet. C．14 feet.
8．What can you see in the Tower Bridge
A．The stories of the bridge.
B．Many animals.
C．Some queens.
9．How old is London Zoo now
A．Over 190 years. B．Over 200 years. C．Over 210 years.
10．What is the best title of the passage
A．Tour About London Zoo
B．Around London
C．A Beautiful Tour
阅读理解
A tree has roots. People have roots, too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar (不熟悉的) word and you will understand where it came from.
Prefix, Suffix & Root Words
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other". Examine the word "alternate". Can you find the Latin root in it
· If you and your friend like to eat out. first you pay and the other pays the next-time. You are alternating paving. · If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. · If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your "rooting for words" skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
11．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is "alternating paying"
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them.
12．How does the writer explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
13．"Sen" from the Latin word means 'old'. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years.
B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
14．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2, …)
A． B．
C． D．
请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Do you know the word "metaverse（元宇宙）" The metaverse is a virtual world. We can come in it, not just looking at it on a screen. You should wear special things in it, like glasses and gloves. They can help you see, hear and touch（触摸）.
In this virtual world, you can do many things, like in your real life（真实生活）. Are you tired of（厌倦） taking classes at home Let's go to a virtual classroom! It looks like a real classroom at school. You can ask your teacher questions and talk with your classmates. After class, you may want to have fun. Then you can go on a virtual trip（旅行）with your friends. You can play sports together.
Do you want to take a virtual trip to the moon（月球） You can also do this in the virtual world. That is cool, isn't it
15．How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story.
B．By showing a picture.
C．By using other people's words.
D．By asking a question.
16．What does the underlined（画线的）word "virtual" mean
A．真实的 B．虚拟的 C．美丽的 D．无聊的
17．What can help people see, hear and touch in the metaverse
A．Computers. B．People's glasses.
C．Special things. D．Clothes.
18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the material (根据材料, 以下哪一项是正确的)
A．The virtual classroom is a real classroom at school.
B．We can't come in the metaverse, just looking at it on a screen.
C．You can take a real trip to the moon（月球）in the metaverse.
D．You can play sports together with your friends in the metaverse.
19．What is the passage (文章) about
A．The real life.
B．A virtual trip.
C．A virtual world.
D．Metaverse can help people learn.
阅读理解
Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line, but 83-year-old Mildred Wilson from Missouri, the USA, surprised us.
In fact, Mildred just finished her third Tough Mudder race this May, becoming the oldest person to ever complete （完成） the race. "A lot of people think as they get older, they have to sit down and give up. It's not so," Mildred said.
Mildred has always been active and played sports with her son since he was old enough. She even played for her company's volleyball, softball, tug-of-war and tennis teams. So she wanted to give it a go at Tough Mudder when she watched her son Danny Wilson take on the World's Toughest Mudder challenge in Las Vegas.
Mildred joined Danny's youth group to prepare for the event. But first, she went to her doctor. The doctor checked her over and was sure she was strong enough to run the race. Then after months of exercising, Mildred's first Tough Mudder race arrived in May, 2019. Finally, with the help of her son, she made it.
Setting up GoFundMe, Mildred hopes to raise money to help people in need. She used her second and third races to raise money to build a fresh water well in Africa, "I will get muddy soothers can drink clean water," wrote Mildred on GoFundMe.
As for her future, Mildred plans to take part in the races for as long as she can. "If I'm still alive and healthny, I wil!" she said.
20．What can we know abut Tough Mudder according to the passage
A．It's hard to complete.
B．It's an American sport.
C．It's only for young people.
21．The underlined part "give it a go" is closest in meaning to "____".
A．stop B．try C．succeed
22．What can we learn from the passage
A．Mildred finished the three races alone.
B．Mildred used all her races to collect money for people in need.
C．Mildred doesn't think age could stop people from trying new things.
23．What is the best title for the passage
A．Tough Mudder, Hardest Obstacle Course Race
B．Difficult Races for Mildred and Danny Wilson
C．An 83-year-old Woman Running in Difficult Races for Three Times
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you walk through the streets of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, you'll notice something different about the city: the street art. All around the city, the walls are covered in colorful and bright paintings.
In the past, this street art was not allowed. But in 2009, the city passed a law allowing street art on private buildings. In 2014, Rio de Janeiro became the first city in the world to allow graffiti(涂鸦) in places such as skate parks and the walls that surround construction sites(围绕建筑工地).
People who want to create street art in Rio de Janeiro can't just paint any wall with any picture, though. They still have to follow some rules. And if an artist wants to create a picture on the walls of someone's house or shop, the artist must ask the owner first. But getting permission(准许) might not be too hard.
Street art is very popular throughout the city, both with the locals and with visitors. Many tourists come to Brazil just to see it. They can even take special guided street-art tours through Rio de Janeiro. One government officer has also set up a special online street-art project. Volunteers can join the project and travel around the city, taking photos of the street art. They then upload(上传) their photos onto a street-art website, along with other information, such as the location and the artist. This means that when someone paints a new piece of art over an old picture, there is still a record of what was there before.
In some communities, street artists have set up art schools and held festivals to teach young people more about their art. Street art in Rio de Janeiro has not only made the streets more colorful and exciting, but also helped to bring communities together.
24．When did painting on private buildings begin to be allowed in Rio de Janeiro
A．In 2009.
B．In 2014.
C．About ten years ago.
25．How can the project in Paragraph 4 help with the street art
A．It helps record the paintings on the street.
B．It helps build a website about the street art.
C．It teaches more people about the skills of art.
26．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A．①②/③④⑤ B．①/②③/④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤
27．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．the influence of art
B．how to enjoy art in Brazil
C．the street art in Rio de Janeiro
阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Bryan ran home. "Dad! Look!" he called excitedly. "I found the cutest pet in the river! I named him Hoppy. "
Dad had a closer look, "Oh, a frog! How handsome!"
"Do you think Hoppy will like it here "
"Why don't you keep him for a while, and then we'll see how he's going. "
Bryan found a shoebox. Using a pen, he poked（戳）air holes in the top of the box. "Welcome to your new home. In you go, Hoppy. "
"Are you hungry " Bryan asked. He lifted his frog out of the box and put some sandwich pieces in front of him. "Eat up, Hoppy. " Bryan watched. . . But Hoppy didn't eat. Bryan waited. . . Hoppy just sat and stared（瞪眼看）. "Don't you like sandwiches "
Bryan put Hoppy back in the box. "I think Hoppy's tired. I'm going to make him a comfortable bed. " Bryan cut the old newspapers into pieces and put them into the box. He put Hoppy on his new bed. "Are you cozy now I'll tell a story to help you sleep. " When the story was over, Hoppy was still awake.
"Can't you sleep Why " Bryan asked. Hoppy just sat . . . and stared. Bryan didn't know what to do and sat thinking.
"How are you getting along " Dad asked.
Bryan cried, "Hoppy doesn't want to eat or sleep. "
"Think about what he really needs. "
A little later, Bryan ran into the house looking for his dad. "Whoa!" said Dad. "What's the hurry And where's Hoppy "
"I took him back to the river, " Bryan said. "He was sure glad to be home! When I put Hoppy down, he jumped into the river, caught a fly and ate it. Then, guess what!"
"What "
Bryan laughed. "Just before Hoppy jumped into the water, I think I saw him smile at me. "
28．Why does Bryan make air holes on the top of the box
A．Because he wanted to let fresh air in.
B．Because he wanted to talk with the frog.
C．Because he wanted to eat the sandwich pieces.
D．Because he wanted to play with the new box.
29．The underlined word "cozy" probably means "____".
A．tired B．sleepy C．comfortable D．busy
30．In which order did Bryan's feelings change in the story
A．excited→happy→sad→surprised B．excited→surprised→sad→happy
C．sad→excited→surprised→happy D．surprised→happy→sad→excited
31．What is the best title for the text
A．A Lovely Frog B．A Lover of Frog
C．Life with Hoppy D．A Home for Hoppy
阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Memory loss (遗忘) is very common as people get old. A 10-year-long study of the elders in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is connected to slower memory loss even when people carry a risky gene (高危基因) for Alzheimer's (阿尔茨海默氏症). Researchers followed 29,000 people aged at least 60 years for 10 years. About 50 percent of the participants were women.
At the beginning of the study in 2009, the researchers tested the participants' memory with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT听觉词语学习测验). They were also tested for the most common gene connected with Alzheimer's. Around 20 percent of the participants were carriers of the risky gene. The participants received tests in 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019. In the follow-ups, six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed: a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, active social contact, active cognitive activity, non-smoking and never drinking alcohol.
The results showed that the AVLT scores continuously decreased over the 10 years. But the highest test scores were in the group with good habits and the lowest in the group where people usually have an unhealthy lifestyle. In a word, the participants with healthier lifestyles, even when they were risky gene carriers, had a slower rate of memory loss than the participants with unhealthy lifestyles.
The researchers said that they studied the relevance (相关性) between lifestyle factors and their effects for an entire 10 years and offered important information to protect the elders against memory loss. The results about the risky gene carriers are still positive because healthy lifestyle risks are related to a slower rate of memory loss, even though there is genetic risk.
32．How many women participants participated in the study
A．About 13,000. B．About 15,500.
C．About 14,300. D．About 13,500.
33．What does the underlined word "follow-ups" in paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．参与者 B．坚持不懈 C．后续年份 D．追踪复查
34．According to the study, the following are all lifestyles connected to slower memory loss EXCEPT ________.
A．Regular physical exercise B．Active cognitive activity
C．Smoking and drinking alcohol D．Active social contact
35．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A．People are more likely to have memory loss if they carry a risky gene for Alzheimer's.
B．According to the AVLT, the memory of the participants in the test got worse.
C．About 25 percent of the participants were carriers of the risky gene.
D．The researchers had studied the relevance between lifestyle and their effects for more than 10 years.
36．What is the text mainly about
A．The healthier your lifestyle, the slower your memory loss.
B．The importance of living a healthy life.
C．Memory loss is common as people get old.
D．An amazing study.
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings, others are as small as rice. Plants are an important part in nature because they give out oxygen. All animals need it for breathing.
What is a plant Most people can find the differences between an animal and a plant. That is because animals can move around, but plants can't. What makes a plant Like animals, plants are living things with lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food with water, CO2 and sunlight. Most plants have roots, stems, and leaves, and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds.
How does a plant grow For most animals, genes (基因) control (控制) their growth. That means when they are small, it's easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Genes controlled their growth too, but their final shapes may be different because of the place they live. For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space (空间), but taller and thinner if it grows with many other trees around it. Plants can't move from one place to another, so it is important for them to fit (适应) in the place they live.
37．What can we learn in Paragraph 1
A．Parts of plants. B．Number of plants.
C．Colors of plants. D．Food of plants.
38．How does the writer talk about the plants in Paragraph 2
A．By comparing. B．By telling stories.
C．By giving numbers. D．By drawing pictures.
39．What can we know about plants from the passage
A．Trees grow tall and thin in an open place.
B．Plants and animals grow in different ways.
C．Only environment controls the plants' growth.
D．The same kind of plants grow into the same shape.
40．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．The Magic Plants B．Life of an Animal
C．The Growth of Animals D．Plants and Sunlight
答案解析部分
1．D
2．D
3．A
4．C
5．C
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述金和瑞在海上因为船故障所以游泳到一个岛上，他们在岛上的不同地方祈祷。金祈祷得到了食物和船，准备独自坐船离开的时候，才得知真相是瑞祈祷金所有的愿望成真。金很感动，找到瑞并及时救了瑞。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段"their ship was broken in the middle of the ocean. Kim and Ray left the ship and swam to a nearby island（ 他们的船在大洋中破损了。金和瑞离开了船，游到了附近的一个岛上。 ）"可知他们的船在海中央破裂了，金和瑞离开船游泳到附近的岛上。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据"In fact, I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's
prayers. He said 'please make all of Kin's prayers come true. '（ 事实上，我并不是在回应你的祈祷。我只是在回应雷的祈祷。他说‘请让金的所有祈祷都成真。'" ）"可知，金哭泣是因为他被瑞为自己梦想的祈祷感动了。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段"swam to a nearby island（ 游到了附近的一个岛上。 ）"金和瑞到一个岛上，第二段"Kim moved to the eastern part of the island and prayed there. Ray went to the western part of the island and prayed there（ 金搬到了岛的东部并在那里祈祷。瑞则去了岛的西部并在那里祈祷。 ）"他们到不同的地方祈祷，第三段"He got some meat, fruit and vegetables on the seashore. Several days later, Kim prayed that he could have a ship to take him home. His prayer came true again（ 他在海岸边找到了一些肉、水果和蔬菜。几天后，金祈祷能有一艘船带他回家。他的祈祷再次应验了。 ）"金祈祷食物和船，倒数第二段"Kim was about to enter the ship（ 金正准备上船。 ）"金正要乘船离开小岛，"I was not answering your prayers. I was only answering Ray's prayers, He said ‘please make all of Kin's prayers come true'（ 我并没有回应你的祈祷。我只是在回应瑞的祈祷。他说"请让金的所有祈祷都成真"。 ）"金知道了真相，最后一段"When he found Ray there, Ray was dying because he didn't have anything to eat. Kim said sorry to Ray, gave him some food and saved his life in time（ 当他找到瑞时，雷因为没有什么东西吃而即将死去。金向雷道歉，给了他一些食物，并及时救了他的命。 ）"金找到了瑞并给他道歉。可知顺序是②⑤③⑥①④。故选A。
4．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段 "He said ‘please make all of Kin's prayers come true（ 他说："请让金的所有祈祷都成真。" ）'"及最后一段"Ray's prayer was more powerful. It was because Ray's prayer was totally selfless（ 瑞的祈祷更有力量。这是因为瑞的祈祷完全是无私的。 ）"瑞希望金所有的愿望都成真，瑞的祈祷是强大的，因为他的祈祷完全是无私的。可推知，画线词selfless. 的意思是"无私的"。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。文章讲述金和瑞在海上因为船故障所以游泳到一个岛上，他们在岛上的不同地方祈祷。金祈祷得到了食物和船，准备独自坐船离开的时候，才得知真相是瑞祈祷金所有的愿望成真。金很感动，找到瑞并及时救了瑞。作者想告诉读者 "True friends always think about each other真正的朋友总是考虑着对方"。故选C。
6．B
7．B
8．A
9．A
10．B
文章大意：介绍了伦敦的一些景点。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．细节理解题。根据第3段The Palace is opened to public (公众) for two months each summer. (故宫向公众开放每年夏天两个月。)可知Buckingham Palace夏天对外开放，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第5段The tower is 320 feet high, and the clock is 23 feet wide. (塔高320英尺，钟宽23英尺。)可知钟宽23英尺，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据第7段It is London's most famous landmark.Inside the twin towers, you can see the stories of the bridge. (它是伦敦最著名的地标。在双塔内，你可以看到这座桥的故事。)可知在塔桥，你可以看到这座桥的故事，故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第9段Children must be interested in it!lt was opened in 1828. (孩子们一定对此感兴趣!它于1828年开放。)可知London Zoo于1828年开放，现在是2023年，即开放了190多年，故选A。
10．标题归纳题。根据第1段London is a famous city.It has a long hi story.Many people visit the beautiful city every year.There are many beautiful places.When you visit London,you must see these beautiful places. （伦敦是一个著名的城市。它有着悠久的历史。每年都有许多人参观这座美丽的城市。有许多美丽的地方。当你访问伦敦时，你一定会看到这些美丽的地方。)可知环绕伦敦符合文章主题，故选B。
11．C
12．B
13．A
14．C
主要讲了学习单词的一些方法。
考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
11．细节题。根据If you and your friend like to eat out. first you pay and the other pays the next-time. You are alternating paving.可知如果你和你的朋友喜欢在外面吃饭。你先付钱，对方下次再付钱。您正在交替支付，即轮流支付，故选C。
12．细节题。根据Let's look at one common root word used in English.让我们来看看英语中常用的一个词根词，可知是举例子，故选B。
13．细节题。A.我哥哥比我大两岁；B.他病了，所以缺课了；C.一名罪犯被依法判处死刑；D.60名学生参加了运动会。sen是指年龄大，old老的，指的是年龄，故选A。
14．文章结构题。根据第一段It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar (不熟悉的) word and you will understand where it came from.文字也是如此。深入挖掘一个陌生的大单词，你就会明白它是从哪里来的，可知总体介绍学习单词；第二段到第四段主要具体讲了学习单词的方法；根据最后一段可知是总结学习单词的方法，总—分—总，故选B。
15．D
16．B
17．C
18．D
19．C
文章的主要内容是关于一个虚拟世界的介绍。
考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
15．推理判断题。根据"Do you know the word 'metaverse（元宇宙）' "可知，通过提问，作者引起了读者的兴趣，进而引出文章的主题——元宇宙。因此，作者是通过提问来开始这篇文章的。故选D。
16．词义猜测题。根据"In this virtual world,you can do many things,like in your real life"可知在这个虚拟的世界里，你可以做很多事情，就像在你的真实生活中一样。根据上下文可以推断出，"virtual"在这里的意思是"虚拟的"。因此，选项B"虚拟的"是正确答案。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据"You should wear special things in it,like glasses and gloves. They can help you see,hear and touch"可知你应该在里面戴上特殊的东西，比如眼镜和手套。它们可以帮助你看到、听到和触摸到"。根据这句话可以推断出，在元宇宙中，特殊的东西（如眼镜和手套）可以帮助人们看到、听到和触摸到。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据"You can play sports together"可知，你可以在元宇宙中和你的朋友一起运动。因此，D选项是正确答案。故选D。
19．文章大意题。文章主要介绍了"元宇宙"（Metaverse）这个虚拟世界的概念以及在其中可以做的事情，如上课、旅行等。因此，文章的主要内容是关于一个虚拟世界的介绍，选项C"一个虚拟世界"最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
20．A
21．B
22．C
23．C
本文主要讲述了83岁的美国密苏里州老太太Mildred Wilson如何成为全球完成Tough Mudder障碍赛最年长的人，并通过参与比赛筹集资金帮助非洲人民获得清洁水源的故事。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
20．细节理解题，根据句子Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line. Tough Mudder是世界上最困难的障碍赛之一。跑步者需要通过许多障碍，并在泥泞中跑步。对任何人来说，冲过终点线都是一个挑战。可知Tough Mudder很难完成，故选A。
21．词义猜测题，根据句子So she wanted to give it a go at Tough Mudder when she watched her son Danny Wilson take on the World's Toughest Mudder challenge in Las Vegas. 因此，当她看到儿子丹尼·威尔逊在拉斯维加斯参加世界上最艰难的泥人挑战时，她想在"艰难泥人"上......。可推知此处是指她想试一试，与"try"同义，故选B。
22．细节理解题，根据句子"A lot of people think as they get older, they have to sit down and give up. It's not so," Mildred said. Mildred说："很多人认为随着年龄的增长，他们必须坐下来放弃。事实并非如此。"可推知Mildred认为年龄不会阻止人们尝试新事物，故选C。
23．主旨大意题，根据句子Tough Mudder is one of the most difficult obstacle course races （障碍赛） in the world. Runners need to pass through lots of obstacles and run in the mud （泥）. It could be a challenge for anyone to get past the finish line, but 83-year-old Mildred Wilson from Missouri, the USA, surprised us. Tough Mudder是世界上最困难的障碍赛之一。跑步者需要通过许多障碍，并在泥泞中跑步。对任何人来说，冲过终点线都是一个挑战，但来自美国密苏里州的83岁老人Mildred却让我们大吃一惊。结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了83岁的美国密苏里州老太太Mildred Wilson如何成为全球完成Tough Mudder障碍赛的故事，故选C。
24．A
25．A
26．B
27．C
文章大意：文章主要是介绍了里约热内卢的街头艺术。
考查阅读理解。先通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"But in 2009, the city passed a law allowing street art on private buildings.但在2009年，该市通过了一项法律，允许在私人建筑上进行街头艺术。"可知，是在2009年被允许的，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段句子"One government officer has also set up a special online street-art project. Volunteers can join the project and travel around the city, taking photos of the street art. They then upload(上传) their photos onto a street-art website, along with other information, such as the location and the artist. This means that when someone paints a new piece of art over an old picture, there is still a record of what was there before."可知，这个项目可以帮助人们记录在街上的作品，故选A。
26．篇章结构题。通读全文以及根据文章的理解，第一段引出话题——里约热内卢的街头艺术；第二、三段介绍里约热内卢街头艺术的历史发展；第四段介绍街头艺术的欢迎程度；第五段介绍里约热内卢的街头艺术的意义。文章结构是①/②③/④/⑤ ，故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"If you walk through the streets of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, you'll notice something different about the city: the street art."可知，文章主要是介绍了里约热内卢的街头艺术，故选C。
28．A
29．C
30．B
31．D
本文主要讲了小男孩布莱恩在河边捡回一只青蛙做宠物，尽管他为这只青蛙做了很多事情，但是青蛙不为所动，最后布莱恩发现青蛙真正的家其实在水里，于是他把青蛙放归河里。
考查阅读理解。首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。
28．推理判断题。根据第五段Bryan found a shoebox. Using a pen,he poked (戳) air holes in the top of the box. "Welcome to your new home. In you go,Hoppy. " (布赖恩发现了一个鞋盒。他用笔捅了捅 (戳) 盒子顶部的气孔。"欢迎来到你的新家。你走吧，霍皮。")结合常识可知，布莱恩在盒子顶上打洞是为了让新鲜的空气进去，这样才能居住。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第七段I'm going to make him a comfortable bed (我要给他做一张舒适的床) 结合常识可推测，此处在问新做的床是否舒适，所以此处应指"舒服"。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段he called excitedly (他激动地喊) 可知，开始布莱恩是激动的；根据第八段Can't you sleep Why "你难道不睡觉吗 为什么 "可推测布莱恩是感到意外的；根据第十段Bryan cried (布莱恩哭了) 可知，布莱恩是伤心的；根据最后一段Bryan laughed (布莱恩笑了) 可知，布莱恩是开心的。所以他的情绪变化为激动——惊讶——伤心——开心，故选B。
31．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，小男孩布莱恩在河边捡回一只青蛙做宠物，尽管他为这只青蛙做了很多事情，但是青蛙不为所动，最后布莱恩发现青蛙真正的家其实在水里，于是他把青蛙放归河里。根据此可知，D项"霍皮的家"最适合作本文标题。故选D。
32．C
33．D
34．C
35．B
36．A
文章主要说明了你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力下降就越慢。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
32．细节题。根据researchers followed 29，000 people aged at least 60 years for 10 years.About 50 percent of the participants were women研究人员对29000名年龄在60岁以上的人进行了为期10年的跟踪调查。约50%的参与者是女性，可知29000人做调查，大约百分之50为女性，所以有大约14000女性参与了这项研究。故选C。
33．词义猜测题。根据The participants received tests in 2012，2014，2016 and 2019.参与者在2012年、2014年、2016年和2019年接受了测试，可知，分别在2012年、2014年、2016年和2019年参与调查，所以推断出是追踪调查。故选D。
34．推断题。根据In the follow-ups，six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed：a healthy diet，regular physical exercise，active social contact，active cognitive activity，non-smoking and never drinking alcohol在随访中，分析了六个健康的生活方式因素：健康的饮食、定期的体育锻炼、积极的社交接触、积极的认知活动、不吸烟和从不饮酒，可知，除了吸烟和饮酒之外，定期体育锻炼、积极的认知活动和积极的社交联系都与较慢的记忆力丧失有关。故选C。
35．推理题。根据The results showed that the AVLT scores continuously decreased over the 10 years.结果显示，AVLT评分在10年内持续下降，可知，参与者的分数持续在下降，所以B项描述正确。故选B。
36．主旨题。根据A 10-year-long study of the elders in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is connected to slower memory loss even when people carry a risky gene （高危基因） for Alzheimer's一项针对中国老年人的长达10年的研究发现，即使人们携带阿尔茨海默氏症的危险基因，健康的生活方式也会减缓记忆力的丧失，及最后一段中The The results about the risky gene carriers are still positive because healthy lifestyle risks are related to a slower rate of memory loss，even though there is genetic risk关于风险基因携带者的结果仍然是积极的，因为健康的生活方式风险与较慢的记忆力丧失率有关，尽管存在遗传风险，可知，本文主要说明了你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力下降就越慢。故选A。
37．B
38．A
39．B
40．A
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物的种类、习性、基因等方面的知识。
本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
37．段落大意题。根据第一段中的"There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth."地球上有着超过400000种植物。可知，本段主要讲述了植物的数量，故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"That is because animals can move around,but plants can't."那是因为动物可以四处移动，但是植物不能。可知，本段作者通过比较动物和植物，故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"That is because animals can move around,but plants can't."那是因为动物可以四处移动，但是植物不能。可知，植物和动物以不同的方式生长，故选B。
40．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了植物的种类、习性、基因等方面的知识，"神奇的植物"适合作本文标题，故选A。
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