参考答案
一、单句语法填空
1．interruption 2．up 3．desperately 4．without 5．over/about/at 6．into panicked
7．were delayed 8．Bathed 9．Foggy 10．collapsing 11．tightly 12．practical
13．to 14．panicked 15．spraining
二、语法填空
16．was interrupted 17．choking 18．an 19．practical 20．by 21．Grabbing 22．until 23．lower 24．counts 25．justify
三、阅读理解
26-29 CADB 30-33 ABDC
四、七选五
34-38 FCDBG
【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了海姆利克氏急救法在救治人因噎住而窒息时的帮助及实施方法。
【详解】1. 考查时态和语态。句意：陈伟正在一家餐馆吃饭，突然被一声尖叫打断了。本句使用了be doing ...when...的结构，结合主句was可知，when从句要用一般过去时；另从句的主语he与interrupt为动宾关系，所以interrupt要用被动。综上可知，设空处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was interrupted。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有人噎住了。根据上文“Chen Wei was eating at a restaurant”可知，此处指有人噎住了，choke“窒息；呼吸困难”为不及物动词，所以用进行时，表示动作正在发生。故填choking。
3. 考查冠词。句意：为了解决这个问题，1974年，一个美国医生亨利 · 海姆利克创造了这个海姆利克氏急救法，拯救了许多生命。根据句意，此处表示一个叫做亨利 · 海姆利克的美国医生，所以用不定冠词；由于American的为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
4. 考查形容词。句意：它快速，实用，易学。根据设空前形容词quick及and easy 可知，设空处要与前后文形成并列，所以用形容词。故填practical。
5. 考查介词。句意：如果没用的话，站在他身后，用双手搂住他的腰，完成这个哈姆立克急救法。分析句子可知，设空处及之后的内容为方式状语，介词by，意为“通过……方式”，所以填介词by。故填by。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：用另一只手紧紧地握住拳头，向上推并向里挤压腹部。分析句子，push为谓语，所以grab用非谓语；主句为祈使句，其主语常为you，grab与you为主谓关系，所以grab用现在分词形式。因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Grabbing。
7. 考查连词。句意：继续这样做，直到障碍物被清除。分析句子可知，设空前表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。until作连词，表示“……直到……为止”，所以填until。故填until。
8. 考查比较级。句意：但是当一个小孩窒息的时候，你会把他脸朝下放在你的膝盖上，头低于身体的其他部位，然后用力拍打他的上背部，直到他可以再次呼吸。根据设空后“the rest of his body”可知，设空处表示比身体的其他部位要低，所以用比较级。故填lower。
9. 考查主谓一致。句意：和窒息的受害者在一起，时间很宝贵。分析句子，设空处在句中做谓语；结合句意，可知本句表示的是一般的事实，所以时态用一般现在时；结合主语time，为第三人称单数，所以谓语用单三形式。故填counts。
10. 考查动词。句意：他说他不能证明坐在那里是正确的。短语：justify doing“证明……正确（或正当、有理）”，结合设空前情态动词can可知，设空处填动词原形。故填justify。
26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍通过腹部按压对意外中毒者进行急救，为人们提供急救方面的医学指导。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed a cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a chemical product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisoning.(一位受惊的家长带着一个吞下清洁液的孩子来，有害物质或者是一种药物，或者可能是一种用来杀虫的化学产品。这些都是意外中毒的常见原因)”可知, 有害的药物、清洁剂及危险的杀虫剂都是意外中毒的主要原因，而没有提到有毒昆虫。因此，以下不是意外中毒的常见原因的是C项“Poisonous insects(有毒昆虫)”符合题意。故选C项。
27．词句猜测题。根据上一句“And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison.(保存引起中毒的容器。看看容器里有没有能阻止毒药发作的信息)”以及下一句“That way, doctors can examine it(这样，医生就可以检查了)”可知，划线词所在句子的句意为“保存任何从患者口中排出来的东西”，即划线词“expelled”的意思为“排出”。因此，第2段中带下划线的“expelled” 在意义上一词与A项“coming out(出来)”最接近。故选A项。
28．推理判断题。根据第五段“But they also warn that abdominal thrusts are not for people who have almost drowned. They say the use of the method could delay other ways to re-start breathing in the victim. Abdominal thrust should be used only in cases where a near-drowning victim is choking on an object. (但他们也警告说，腹部按压不适用于那些差点溺死的人。他们说，使用这种方法可能会延迟其他方法重新开始对受害者的呼吸。只有濒临溺死的受害者被物体呛到的情况下，才应使用腹部按压。)”可知，腹部按压对于那些快淹死的人来说不适合，只适合被物品噎住的近乎窒息的人，使用腹部按压对溺水者实施急救要特别谨慎。因此，从这篇文章中可以推断出D项“It is more cautious to save a drowning person using abdominal thrusts(用腹部按压抢救溺水者更为谨慎)”符合题意。故选D项。
29．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“To learn more about first aid, ask a hospital or organization like a Red Cross or Red Crescent Society for information. There may be training classes offered in your area. If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in case of emergency.(要了解更多的急救知识，请向医院或红十字会或红新月会等组织咨询。你所在地区可能有培训班。如果你知道急救方法，在紧急情况下你会更冷静，更有帮助)”可知，本文主要介绍通过腹部按压对意外中毒者进行急救，再结合最后一段的表述可知本文旨在为人们提供急救方面的医学指导。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是B项“To provide a short medical guide to first aid(提供一个简短的急救医疗指南) ”符合题意。故选B项。
30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍航空公司的安全措施。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段The dimmed lights before taking off the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers’ eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape.可知，飞机起飞前灯光关掉，其目的是帮助乘客在紧急情况下逃生。故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中Going from a brightly lit environment to one that’s completely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide可知，我们的眼睛需要一些时间来适应光的变化。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, that might affect an escape可知，缩短暗适应时间，可以帮助空乘人员评估外面的风险。故选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据文章大意：文章主要讲述了飞机起飞前都需要调暗灯光，而这一点能够在飞机紧急情况下帮助挽救你的生命，可知文章是航空公司安全措施的解释。故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。本题第2小题，根据第二段中Going from a brightly lit environment to one that’s completely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide可知，我们的眼睛需要一些时间来适应光的变化。故选B。
34．F 35．C 36．D 37．B 38．G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了确保学校操场安全的四个步骤。
34．根据前句“According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, every year Emergency Rooms across the country treat more than 200,000 children for playground-related accidents. About half of those accidents are severe.”（根据疾病控制和预防中心的数据，每年全国各地的急诊室都会为20多万儿童治疗与游乐场有关的事故。这些事故中大约有一半是严重的。）以及后句“Here are four steps:”（以下是四个步骤：）可知，此处说明的是游乐场事故和要采取的四个步骤，F选项的“Now is the time for your school to do what is necessary to make your playground safe.”（现在是你们学校采取必要措施确保操场安全的时候了），呼应前句，并与后句的Here are four steps自然衔接，与前句语义逻辑一致，故选F。
35．根据该段小标题Make sure it’s soft可知，本段主要说明要确保操场是软的，又根据后句“Also make sure the ground cover is well-maintained and is shock absorbent.”（还要确保地面被妥善维护并具有减震性），此处说明对地的要求，C选项的“Instead, make sure the ground underneath the playground is soft.”（相反，要确保操场下面的地面是软的），与小标题和后句语义逻辑一致，故选C。
36．根据后句“Make sure that all age groups are properly supervised, with staff at key areas with a clear view of all climbing equipment so they can see if someone is playing too hard or using the equipment improperly.”（确保所有年龄组都得到适当的监督，关键区域的工作人员可以清楚地看到所有攀爬设备，这样他们就可以看到是否有人玩得太用力或使用设备不当。）可知，此处说明需要监督，D选项的“Proper supervision is an absolute necessity for playground safety.”（适当的监督是操场安全的绝对必要条件），与后句语义逻辑一致，故选D。
37．根据后句“Children of different ages have different ability levels when it comes to playground equipment. ”（不同年龄段的孩子在游乐场设备方面有不同的能力水平。）可知，此处说明不同的年龄要求不同的设备，B选项的“Choose play structures according to age.”（根据年龄选择游戏结构体），与后句语义逻辑一致，故选B。
38．根据前句“This inspection should look for signs of wear and tear, including problems with the ground cover, and should take care of those problems before they cause injuries”（该检查应寻找磨损迹象，包括地面覆盖物的问题，并应在这些问题造成伤害之前处理好这些问题）可知，此处说明事先的检查确保设施没有安全问题，G选项的“Any problems found must be addressed before children are allowed to play on the equipment.”（在允许儿童在设备上玩耍之前，必须解决发现的任何问题），与前句语义逻辑一致，故选G班级： 姓名：
Book 5 Unit 5 First Aid
(测试时间：40分钟 满分：100分)
一、单句语法填空
1. Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman excused the (interrupt) and handed me an envelope.
2. She choked when she began to talk about her mother.
3. Faced with this serious problem, David took a deep breath, (desperate) trying to keep calm.
4. The safety checks were carried out interruption to ensure everything was in order.
5. The crowd panicked the sound of the guns.
6. She got a panic when she thought she’d forgotten the ID card and this (panic) her husband, too.
7. The passengers (delay) for an hour because of the frosty weather.
8. (bath) in a silver night, the countryside took on a fascinating atmosphere.
9. “ (fog) weather will make driving conditions very dangerous,” Old Henry warned his son of the danger.
10. After handing out leaflets for a whole day, I ended up (collapse) with exhaustion. 11. The nurse wrapped a bandage (tight) around my ankle.
12. From a (practice) point of view, it isn’t an awesome place to live.
13. On a misty morning, the old man slipped over on the street, hoping someone would help
him his feet.
14. The paramedics will not be (panic) into making a decision before they have examined the victim carefully.
15. Unluckily, he fell over in the dark, (sprain) his ankle.
二、语法填空
Chen Wei was eating at a restaurant when he 16. (interrupt) by a scream. Someone
was 17. (choke). Chen ran to him immediately and performed the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was forced out and he was saved.
Choking victims are usually in danger of losing lives. To solve this problem, in 1974,
18. American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving many lives. It is quick, 19. (practice), and easy to learn.
Slapping choking victims often helps. If useless, perform the Heimlich manoeuvre
20. standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. 21. (grab) your fist with the other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this 22. the obstruction is forced out.
But when a small child is choking, you'd lay him face down on your lap with the head
23. (low) the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again.
With choking victims, time 24. (count). Chen gave first aid in time. He said he could not 25. (just) sitting there. He set us a good example.
三、阅读理解
A
Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings. A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed a cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a chemical product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisoning.
In cases like this, seek medical help as soon as possible. Save the container of whatever caused the poisoning. And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison. Save anything expelled from the mouth of the victim. That way, doctors can examine it.
In the past, some people forced poisoning victims to empty the stomach. They need a liquid syrup of ipecac(催呕剂) to do this. But an organization of children’s doctors no longer advises parents to keep syrup of ipecac. The American Academy of Pediatrics says some poisons can cause additional damage when they come back up the throat.
Millions of people know a way to save a person who is choking on something trapped in the throat. The method is commonly known as the Heimlich Manoeuvre or abdominal thrusts(腹部按压), which you can do by getting directly behind a sitting or standing person. Put your arms around the victim’s waist. Close one hand to form a ball. Place it over the upper part of the stomach below the ribs. Place the other hand on top. Then push forcefully inward and upward. Repeat the abdominal thrusts until the object is expelled from the mouth. For someone who is pregnant or very fat, place your hands a little higher than with normal abdominal thrusts.
Red Cross experts say taking these steps can save many lives. But they also warn that abdominal thrusts are not for people who have almost drowned. They say the use of the method could delay other ways to re-start breathing in the victim. Abdominal thrust should be used only in cases where a near-drowning victim is choking on an object.
To learn more about first aid, ask a hospital or organization like a Red Cross or Red Crescent Society for information. There may be training classes offered in your area. If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in case of emergency.
26. Which of the following is NOT the common cause of accidental poisonings
A. A harmful medicine. B. A cleaning liquid.
C. Poisonous insects. D. Dangerous pesticide.
27. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “expelled” in Paragraph 2
A. coming out B. taking up
C. going away D. getting down
28. What is probably inferred from the passage
A. Abdominal thrusts are very complex to perform.
B. The Heimlich Manoeuvre is not suitable for the overweight.
C. Syrup of ipecac once had a postive effect on poisoning victims.
D. It is more cautious to save a drowning person using abdominal thrusts.
29. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A. To warn people to avoid accidental poisonings.
B. To provide a short medical guide to first aid.
C. To show how to perform abdominal thrusts.
D. To help people deal with accidental poisonings.
B
If you thought pilots dimmed（调暗）the lights before takeoff to give you some shuteye, think again. Believe it or not, the dim lighting could actually help save your life in case of a plane emergency.
The dimmed lights before taking off the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers’ eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape. “Going from a brightly lit environment to one that’s completely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide,” Alice Theriault, service director for Air Canada wrote in a press statement. “Since we need to have all the seconds on our side in the event of an emergency, dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers.”
The phenomenon that your eyes see those strange speckles (小斑点) as your sight adjusts to a dark place after being in a light place is called dark adaptation. It normally takes our eyes about 20 to 30 seconds to see best in a dark room. The brighter the lights, the longer it takes for our eyes to adjust, which is why dimming the plane lights could shorten your “dark adaptation” time since you haven’t been sitting under fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯) all flight.
Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, but it reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look outside, or see the emergency lighting along the passage. “It helps keep you in the right direction.” Patrick Smith, an airline pilot and author of Cockpit Confidential told The Telegraph. “It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, that might affect an escape.” So next time a pilot dims the lights, just know it’s for your safety, even though it creates a gentle atmosphere for your takeoff into the sky.
30. The lights are turned down before takeoff to help passengers_______.
A. escape in time of emergency
B. take a short break
C. create a comfortable atmosphere
D. enjoy themselves
31. Which of the following is True according to Paragragh 2 and 3
A. Dimming lights is required when accidents happen.
B. Our eyes need some time to adapt to the change of light.
C. Speckles are caused by the use of dimmed lights.
D. It is required for pilots to turn off lights during the flight.
32. What is the function of shortening “dark adaptation” time
A. Slowing down the landing.
B. Adjusting the plane lights.
C. Keeping passengers calm.
D. Helping the crew judge outside risks.
33. What is the text mainly about
A. A tip to make air travel safer.
B. An emergency event happening on a plane.
C. An explanation of an airline safety measure.
D. A warning message from the pilot.
四、七选五
Playground safety
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, every year Emergency Rooms across the country treat more than 200,000 children for playground-related accidents. About half of those accidents are severe. 34 . Here are four steps:
Make sure it’s soft.
Kids break arms and legs when they fall from tall playground equipment, yet you don’t want to keep them from experiencing the joy of climbing. 35 . Also make sure the ground cover is well-maintained and is shock absorbent (减震的).
Ensure proper supervision (监督).
36 . Make sure that all age groups are properly supervised, with staff at key areas with a clear view of all climbing equipment so they can see if someone is playing too hard or using the equipment improperly.
37
Children of different ages have different ability levels when it comes to playground equipment. Make sure that your children are playing on equipment designed for their age range. For preschool children, the National Program for Playground Safety (NPPS) recommends small steps and crawl spaces. For elementary school children, rope and chain climbing structures are great.
Inspect (检查) the playground regularly.
Finally, make sure the playground is inspected on a regular basis by an authority on playground safety. This inspection should look for signs of wear and tear, including problems with the ground cover, and should take care of those problems before they cause injuries. 38 .
A. Watch for danger signs.
B. Choose play structures according to age.
C. Instead, make sure the ground underneath the playground is soft.
D. Proper supervision is an absolute necessity for playground safety.
E. It only takes a moment for an accident to occur on the playground.
F. Now is the time for your school to do what is necessary to make your playground safe.
G. Any problems found must be addressed before children are allowed to play on the equipment.
