北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月统练英语试题（含答案）

1
人大附中2024—2025学年度第一学期高二年级英语统练
考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分
注意：请将II卷答案写在答题纸上，请将I卷答案填涂到机读卡上。
I卷（共52分）
第一部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity — from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics — requires ___1___ practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect.
Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the ___2___ of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be ___3___ or boring. Why
The distinction may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to ___4___ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most ___5___ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality” — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great ___6___ over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the ___7___ of being a master
Obviously for those of us who don’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be ___8___ by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. Instead, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal petition is ___9___ and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforting that we seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum
distractions and task set at moderate level of _____10_____, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.
1. A. fixed B. concentrated C. paralleled D. instructed
2. A. transformation B. substitute C. cycle D. condition
3 A. poisonous B. rewarding C. ignorant D. frustrating
4. A. apply B. devote C. adjust D. expose
5. A. deliberately B. readily C. hesitantly D. flexibly
6. A. feature B. control C. advantage D. sympathy
7. A. security B. jealousy C. reward D. contribution
8. A. cultivated B. extended C. influenced D. bridged
9. A. advocated B. suspended C. discouraged D. observed
10. A. priority B. difficulty C. curiosity D. identity
第二部分：阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）
A
For over 30 years, Rainbow Montessori in Addison has given children a place to grow and explore the world around them, and they’re still going strong today. With 20 years in the same location, the school is “not going anywhere,” says Dave Rodenborn, a son of the school’s founders. As general director, Dave has overseen many improvements, including a new playground for the preschool and a complete modernization.
The school serves families of children from 6 weeks to 6th grade. This allows them to have programs in baby care, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary. The curriculum has developed over the decades, most notably in the elementary. At first somewhat jokingly referred to as “Monte-sorta,” due to its relaxed application of the Montessori Method, the school’s elementary now stresses a more traditional Montess environment. Montessori associates abstract concepts with concrete sensorial (感觉的) experiences, ensuring that children are involved in learning, not just memorization. Classrooms still have a creative, casual feel, with children having freedom of choice, but in keeping with Montessori principles, they work within a framework. This helps them learn about freedom within limits, maximizing their potential.
The truly international Rainbow Montessori staff comes from a wide range of backgrounds, all Montessori-trained. “They are an energetic, devoted group,” says Dave. “They are loyal, caring and like what they do a lot. I’d say a good 30 to 40 percent of them have been here for almost a decade or more.”
Dave says that his favorite part of being at Rainbow Montessori is “making things grow”. By that, he doesn’t mean it in the sense of the organic, but by “coming up with good solutions to problems as they occur.” This is reflective of Montessori beliefs, in which each child learns to use the right tools and discover solutions for themselves. Dave credits a strong staff and great parents with lots of patience for helping to make Rainbow Montessori an ideal place for children to learn and grow.
Rainbow Montessori
790 East Duane Ave., Addison
(408)738-3261
www.rainbow-
11. What do we know about Rainbow Montessori school
A. It was founded by Dave Rodenborn.
B. It has stood at the same place for 20 years.
C. Its students range from kindergarten to primary.
D. Half of its staff have worked there for ten years.
12. According to Paragraph 2, what is the characteristic of Rainbow Montessori
A. Students are expected to memorize concepts.
B. Classroom regulations are highly stressed.
C. Students are free to choose subjects.
D. Active learning is encouraged.
13. By saying “making things grow” in the last paragraph, Dave means the school .
A. tries its best to prevent problems from occurring
B. provides suitable learning tools for each single child
C. creates a natural environment for the growth of students
D. encourages students to find proper ways to solve problems
In college, I was taught an elegant theory of chemical combination based on excess electrons going into holes in the orbital shell of a neighbouring atom. But what about diatomic compounds like oxygen gas Don't ask; students aren't ready to know. In physics, in biology, in any other science classes, students frequently get that answer too.
It’s time to trust students to handle doubt and diversity in science. Actually, students are starting to act. They have shamed their seniors into including more diverse contributors as faculty members and role models. Young
scholars rudely ask their superiors why they fail to address the extinction crises clarified by their research. The inherited authoritarian political structures of science education are becoming lame—but still remain largely unchanged from the old school days.
A narrow, rigid education does not prepare anyone for the complexities of scientific research, applications and policy. If we discourage students from inquiring into the real nature of scientific truths, or exploring how society shapes the questions that researchers ask how can we prepare them to maintain public trust in science in our “post-truth” world Diversity and doubt produce creativity: we must make room for them, and stop guiding future scientists into narrow specialties that value technique over thought.
In science, even foundational building blocks can be questioned. The unifying patterns of the periodic table are now questioned under closer examination. Some scientists now wonder whether the concept of biological “species” contributes more confusion than insight, and whether it should therefore be abandoned. However, such a decision would affect conservation policy, in which identification of endangered species is crucial—so it is not just an issue for basic science.
Science students generally remain unaware that concepts such as elements and species are contested or are even contestable. In school, college and beyond, curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective. Public arguments among scientists often presume that every problem has just one solution.
Nonetheless, uncertain advice on complex issues should be a warning that, from a future perspective, today's total scientific consensus on some policy issue might have been the result of stubbornness, a conflict of interest or worse. Just as a healthy democracy accommodates dissent and dissonance, the collective consciousness of science would do well to embrace doubt and diversity. This could start with teaching science as a great, flawed, ongoing human achievement, rather than as a collection of cut-and-dried eternal （永久的）truths.
I recall a legendary chemistry professor who was not skilful at getting classroom demonstrations to work—but discussing what went wrong helped his students to thrive. A mathematician friend let pupils discuss every statement in the textbook until all were satisfied. They did very well in exams, and taught themselves when he was absent. Treating people at all levels as committed thinkers, whose asking teaches us all, is the key to tackling the challenges to science in the post-trust age.
14. The problem of current science training is that ______.
A. students cannot become specialists
B. it goes against established science education
C. students lose trust in their teachers and professors
D. it fails to provide students with what they need in future
15. The periodic table is mentioned to prove that ______.
A. even the widely accepted can be challenged
B. students are generally ignorant of science
C. most previous researches are out of date
D. science has been developing with time
16. It can be learnt from the passage that ______.
A. students may be more innovative if they are allowed to doubt
B. science students do not contest elements or species
C. students should not trust established science
D diversity prevents progress in science
17. Which of the following statements best represents the writer’s opinion
A. Our curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective.
B. Science should be a collection of cut-and-dried eternal truths.
C. Teachers should treat people at all levels as committed thinkers.
D. The concept of biological species brings more confusion than insight.
C
Final exams are around the corner - but that won’t stop some teenagers putting in the least effort. This may be because their brains aren’t developed enough to properly assess how high the stakes (利害关系) are, and adapt their behaviour accordingly.
Catherine Insel, at Harvard University, and her team asked adolescents between the ages of 13 and 20 to play a game while monitoring their brains. In some rounds of the game, participants could earn 20 cents for a correct response, while an incorrect one would cost them 10 cents. But in rounds with higher stakes, correct responses were worth a dollar, and wrong answers lost the participants 50 cents.
The team found that while the older volunteers performed better in the high stakes rounds, the younger ones didn’t - their performance didn’t change in line with whether the stakes were low or high. And the older the volunteers were, the more improved their performance was.
When the team looked at the brain activity of the volunteers, they found that their ability to improve their performance was linked to how developed their brains were. A region in the brain, which continues to develop until
we are at least 25 years old, seemed to be particularly important. The findings explain why some teenagers are so unconcerned when it comes to hazardous behaviors. They are much likely to drive dangerously, for instance, especially when one of their friends is nearby.
Insel thinks schools should reconsider the way they test performance in teenagers. “This study suggests it’s not a good idea to evaluate school performance in a single final exam”, she says. A better idea would be to use a variety of smaller tests, conducted throughout the year.
It’s not all bad news for teens, though. Teenagers put the same amount of effort into tasks that aren’t “important”, and start to prefer hobbies to school. It could be a good thing, allowing teenagers to learn complex social skills, for example.
18. Why did the researchers set different bets in the game
A. To meet the needs of different participants.
B. To create the varied risk levels of the game.
C. To better monitor participants’ brains.
D. To teach how to make money.
19. What does the underlined word “hazardous” probably mean
A. Addictive. B. Abusive. C. Risky. D. Specific.
20. What should be kept in mind while assessing students’ performance
A. Examination is not a good means of evaluating students.
B The items in exams should not be too difficult.
C. It should not be judged by only one exam.
D. Exam-focused education should not be adopted.
21 What is Insel’s attitude to teenagers’ putting effort into “unimportant” tasks
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Favorable.
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. ______22______
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat,
clean, and in good repair. _____23_____ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag. ______24______ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.
_______25_______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.
_______26_______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly
II卷（共48分）
一、根据首字母和汉语提示完成以下各句（每小题1分，共18分）
27. Modern inventions and hi-tech gadgets f________ (使便利) housework in many ways. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
28. The social and educational s________ (意义) of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
29. His plays have e________ (启迪), taught and entertained people for centuries. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
30. She c________ (培养) her taste for music during her childhood. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
31. My heartfelt s________ (同情，慰问) goes out to all the relatives. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
32. As I began to read about scientists and p________ (哲学家) I started imagining myself in their shoes. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
33. War has made life almost u________ (无法忍受) for the civilians remaining in the capital. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
34. I_________ (起初), I thought I would only stay there for a year. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
35. To achieve the goal, teachers and students should take their responsibility r________(各自地). (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
36. His speech gave us an i________ (深入了解) into the problems of education. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
37. Better wages and encouragement will s________ (激励) them into new efforts. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
38. Life is a process about the a________ (习得) of knowledge, wealth and happiness. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
39. Your brain will get used to this way of thinking and people will recognize your i________ (主动性) and reward you for it. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
40. Today we have the mainstream media who also u________ (无鉴别力地) accept the prevailing views, choosing their opinions by popularity rather than reason. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
41. The teacher encourages students to become a___________ (自主的) learners by setting clear goals and monitoring their own progress. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
42. P__________ (原始的) men made simple tools from stones and bones. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
43. If he’s not here in five minutes, we’ll make the a__________ (假定，设想) that he isn’t coming. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
44. Through my many visits to China, I have been very fortunate in developing long term relationships with r__________ (可敬的) colleagues, many of whom I can truly call friends. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
二、语法填空（每小题2分，共30分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl. ____45____ severe restrictions to her communication, Helen was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency ___46___ (break) things when no one understood her. Anne Sullivan as a superb teacher. Her technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. She spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. In this way, Helen grasped the key to language and was eager to learn more. Her knowledge and vocabulary expanded and this changed her ____47____ (think) process. Finally, Helen got the world of words ____48____ (open) up to her. She had a breakthrough and learnt more complex words. Helen now understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
It seems obvious now ____49____ we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then, we observe the world around us to find answers. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we can get an answer ____50____ (easy) with the help of the Internet, modern scientists and thinkers still solve problems with this type of ____51____ (analyze). In the 17th century, Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge. However, people at that time believed more in the church than in facts, since they didn’t want to challenge what they ____52____ (believe). That’s also the reason why Galilei was put in prison after he proved the idea that “the Earth is not the center of the universe”, though people approved of his studies at the very beginning. However, Galilei also made mistakes. He is now known as the father of astronomy ____53____ he believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong. Therefore, our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. Knowledge and understanding are things we need to fight for, so we should be brave enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilization _____54_____(build) upon.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Sichuan Province and its capital Chengdu are a local point for the discovery and research of ancient Chinese civilizations. So far some of China’s oldest historical relics, providing evidence of ancient Chinese crafts, customs and practices, _____55_____ (find) here. Modern Chengdu and surrounding areas are a melting pot of culture and customs inherited _____56_____ ancient times: taxi drivers recite Du Fu’s poems, performers show bianlian (face-changing) performance _____57_____ they change masks faster than audiences can follow. Each has its roots in ancient Chinese civilization and demonstrates the strong effect ancient civilization has on contemporary Sichuanese culture. Treasures _____58_____ (discover) in Sichuan province play an important role in tracing the emergence of Chinese civilization. Being naturally fertile (富饶), the area _____59_____ (attract) early settlers, and from sites such as Sanxingdui, archeologists and historians can discover much about Chinese civilization.
人大附中2024—2025学年度第一学期高二年级英语统练
I卷（共52分）
第一部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B
第二部分：阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. D
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. C 21. D
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】22. G 23. F 24. E 25. B 26. C
一、根据首字母和汉语提示完成以下各句（每小题1分，共18分）
27【答案】facilitate##acilitate
28.【答案】significance##ignificance
29.【答案】enlightened##nlightened
30.【答案】cultivated##ultivated
31.【答案】sympathy##ympathy
32.【答案】philosophers##hilosophers
33.【答案】unbearable##nbearable
34.【答案】Initially##nitially
35.【答案】respectively##espectively
36.【答案】insight##nsight
37.【答案】stimulate##timulate
38.【答案】acquisition##cquisition
39.【答案】initiative##nitiative
40.【答案】uncritically##ncritically
41.【答案】autonomous##utonomous
42.【答案】Primitive##rimitive
43. I【答案】assumption##ssumption
44.【答案】respected##espected
二、语法填空（每小题2分，共30分）
【答案】45. With
46. to break
47. thinking
48. opened
【答案】49. how
50. easily 51. analysis
52. had believed
53. but 54. is built
【答案】55. have been found
56. from 57. where
58. discovered
59. attracted
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