二轮复习语法：主谓一致 课件（36张ppt）

课件36张PPT。主谓一致用法小结语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 　　Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 主谓一致三原则1They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。如： 　　My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 　　 　　Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 如： 　　主谓一致常考题型2The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on theplayground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。1many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。如： 　　Many a student _____been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。(have ) more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。“不止一个”
More than one student _____ever been to Beijing. (have)不止一个学生曾经去过北京。23hashas表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。 　　Two months ____ a long holiday. (be)两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds_____ so heavy. (be) 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles _____a long distance. (be) 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four ____ one. (be) 5减4等于1。4isisn’tisn’tis主语是each/every+单数名词+and (each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。　　Each boy and each girl ______got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 (have)Every man and every woman _____at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。(be) one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 One and a half hours ____enough. (be)一个半小时足够了。56hasisis 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如： 　　To see _____ to believe. (be) 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises ___ good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。(be) a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 A student or two _____failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。(have)78isishas当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语的单复数使用就远原则　　Mike with his father _____been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。(have) Mike, like his brother, _______playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。(enjoy)9hasenjoysThe teacher together with his students (be) reading
books now.isNobody but Tom and Mary (know) the secret.knows就远一致介词短语后置不起作用，谓语动词的单复数只看主语。主语 + together with / with / along with (和…一起)as well as/ like (和…一样)but/except
(除了…，不再有)in addition to (除了)+
谓语动词只看主语+ 其它形式复数，实际单数形单实复：maths, the Arabian Nights, news,
politics, 时间，金钱，距离
重量、长度、价值、书名1.Three hours (be) enough for us to get there.is2. Ten dollars ____ (be) a price for that hat.ismore than……：多于，不止more than one + 单n+ 谓语单数=many a + 单n+谓语单数Many students (be) discussing the problem.areMany a student (be) discussing the problem.
is“许多”10.and连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数The poet and doctor (have) come.hasThe poet and the doctor (have) come.haveand兼和“那个诗人兼医生”同一个人“那个诗人和那个医生”两个人a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词+谓语动词用单数a/the+单数名词+and+ a/the+单数名词+谓语动词用复数The writer and teacher ______ (be) coming. The writer and the teacher______ (be) coming. 10isare那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。 　　111.My family (be) very small.2.My family (be) having lunch now.isare3. Our team ______ (be) now making their way to Xinjiang.
4.Our team ____ (be) very important to me.isare团队的词确定单复数family单数classteamclubgroup家人同学队员成员组员家庭班级队俱乐部组复数指团队中的成员，就用复数 。
指整个团队，就用单数。特殊:people, police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式People here _____ (be) very friendly. 这儿的人们很友好。 areThe cattle_______ (be) eating grass near the river.are不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数。　　Something ______ (be) wrong with him.
他有毛病。 Nobody _______ (be) in. 没有人在家。 12wasis13each, either, neither作主语，
谓语动词用单数。 如： Each of them _____ (have) an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer _____ (be) correct. 两个答案都不正确。 hasis以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics economics 经济学 , politics 政治学等。 如： 　　No news ______ (be) good news.
没有消息就是好消息。 Maths _____ (be) very popular in our class .
在我们班数学很受欢迎。 14is is 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；15Both his father and his mother _____ (be) both teachers.
他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 areeither A or Bneither A nor B就近原则not only A but also Bthere be A and B或者 A 或者 B既不 A 也不 B不但 A 而且 B有 A 和 B谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。Either you or he (be) right.isEither he or you (be) right.areBoth you and he (be) right.Both he and you (be) right.areareboth A and B：两者都……，不适用就近原则。由or, either…or…，neither…nor…,
not only…but also…,
not…but…,
连接两个名词或代词作主语时，
根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。a number of+复数名词+谓语动词（复数）“许多…，大量…”the number of +复数名词+谓语动词（单数）“…的数量、…的数目” 　　A number of famous people _____ (be) invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。（用过去式） The number of the students ____ (be) over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。16were is17the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式The poor _____ (be) very happy, but the rich ______ (be) sad.
穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。 arearethe dead死人the living活人the rich富人the poor穷人the sick病人the young年轻人the old老人the disabled残疾人the blind盲人分数、百分数，数量The rest of the water (be) dirty.isThe rest of the apples (be) red.are18分数、百分数，数量 all / the rest of所有的、剩下的，其余的 some / most of一些/大多数none of没有人plenty of许多，大量 part of 部分One in five 34 percent和后面的名词保持一致分数百分 数 1. Either Jane or Steven ____________________ watch TV now. 　A. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days ____________________enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. 　A. isn’t B. is C. are’t D. are 3. —How many lessons do you usually have a day? 　—Six lessons a day. And each of them __________45 minutes. 　A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Liping nor I __________ a basketball player. 　A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There __________ many new words in lesson one, It is very easy. 　A. is B. aren’t C. isn’t D. are 　　exercise6. The number of the students in our school __________1200. 　A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths __________ my favourite subject. 　A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs __________ when the earthquake rocked the city. 　A. were sleeping B. is sleeping 　C. was sleeping D. are asleep 9. Every one except Tom and John __________ there when the meeting began. 　A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, __________ of us wants to go there. 　A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11. Nobody but Jane __________ the secret. 　A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 　　12. —What’s on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? 　 —There __________ some eggs and cakes on it. 　A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. This pair of glasses __________ mine. 　A. are B. be C. is D. will be 14. Both Lily and Lucy __________ to the party yesterday. 　A. invited B. was invited 　C. had invited D. were invited 15. —Two months __________ quite a long time. 　 —Yes, I’m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. 　A. is B. are C. was D. were 　　16. In the city the old __________. 　A. take good care of 　B. are taken good care of 　C. is taken good care of 　D. are been taken good care of 17. His family __________ all very kind and friendly, His family __________ a happy one. 　A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are 18. The singer and the dancer __________ come to Beijing. 　A. has B. have C. are D. is 19. The children in this class each __________ a new school bag. A. have B. has C. has got D. are having 20. All but one __________ here just now. 　A. is B. was C. has been D. were 　　 　　Thank you!当kind of, pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind, pair, glass等一致。 　　 　　This pair of shoes is Tom’s. 这双鞋是汤姆的。 There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。 19