Unit 1 Science and Scientists 习题（含解析）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Science and Scientists 习题（含解析）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-21 10:53:11 | ||
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高中英语选修二 Unit 1 science and scientist 的习题（人教版）
一、单词填空。
根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学单词的正确形式填空。
1.The scientist's latest a________ (成就) has drawn worldwide attention.
2.She has a deep i________ (兴趣) in the study of biological sciences.
3.With the development of t________ (技术), our lives have changed a lot.
4.The e________ (实验) was designed to test the new theory.
5.His p________ (坚持) in the face of difficulties finally paid off.
6.The r________ (研究) group is working on a new project.
7.The s________ (科学家) is known for his innovative ideas.
8.We need to a________ (分析) the data carefully to get accurate results.
9.Her c________ (好奇心) about the universe led her to choose astronomy as her major.
10.The f________ (发现) of a new species is of great significance.
二、选词填空。
从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。
11. The success of the project __________ the efforts of all team members.
12. He __________ a new plan at the meeting, which was quite practical.
13. The young scientist __________ scientific research and has achieved great results.
14. They went to the mountains __________ rare plants.
15. __________ the bad weather, the experiment had to be put off.
16. After hours of thinking, she finally __________ a good solution to the problem.
17. We should first __________ a detailed schedule before starting the work.
18. Scientists are constantly trying to __________ in the fight against cancer.
19. The students answered the teacher's questions __________.
20. His hard work and talent __________ his rapid progress in his studies.
三、单句语法填空。
在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
21. The scientist, as well as his colleagues, __________ (be) committed to the research.
22. It is his __________ (determine) that has led him to succeed in the experiment.
23. They are looking for ways __________ (improve) the efficiency of the machine.
24. The new theory __________ (challenge) by many experts at present.
25. She is the only one of the scientists who __________ (have) won the Nobel Prize twice.
26. __________ (inspire) by his words, we decided to work harder.
27. The research __________ (carry) out last year was very successful.
28. He spent a lot of time __________ (collect) data for his research.
29. The discovery of this new element is likely __________ (change) the way we understand chemistry.
30. Without his help, we __________ (not finish) the project on time.
四、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dr. Emily Thompson is a well - known environmental scientist. Her research focuses on the impact of human activities on the ecosystem. She has been traveling around the world to collect data on how pollution, deforestation, and climate change are affecting different species and habitats.
One of her recent studies has shown that the increase in plastic waste in the oceans is having a devastating effect on marine life. Many sea animals mistake plastic for food, which can lead to their death. Dr. Thompson has been working with local communities and governments to raise awareness about this issue and to develop solutions to reduce plastic pollution.
She also emphasizes the importance of protecting forests. Forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. By protecting and restoring forests, we can help mitigate the effects of climate change.
31. What is Dr. Emily Thompson's area of research
A. The development of new technologies. B. The impact of human activities on the ecosystem.
C. The study of different species in the desert. D. The improvement of human living conditions.
32. What is the result of the increase in plastic waste in the oceans according to Dr. Thompson
A. It promotes the growth of some marine plants. B. It has no significant impact on marine life.
C. It causes the death of many sea animals. D. It helps in the formation of new habitats.
33. Why does Dr. Thompson emphasize the protection of forests
A. Because forests can provide more wood for human use.
B. Because forests can absorb carbon dioxide and help with climate change.
C. Because forests are home to many rare animals.
D. Because forests can beautify the environment.
B
Professor James Brown is a leading figure in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). He has been researching how AI can be used to improve healthcare. His team has developed an AI - based system that can analyze medical images, such as X - rays and MRIs, with high accuracy.
This system can detect diseases at an early stage, which greatly increases the chances of successful treatment. Professor Brown believes that AI has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by providing more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans.
However, he also warns about the potential risks of AI. For example, if the data used to train the AI system is biased, it may lead to incorrect diagnoses. Therefore, he advocates for strict ethical guidelines in the development and use of AI in healthcare.
34. What is Professor James Brown's main research about
A. The application of AI in healthcare. B. The development of new medical devices.
C. The study of human genes. D. The improvement of hospital management.
35. What can the AI - based system developed by Professor Brown's team do
A. It can perform surgeries autonomously. B. It can produce new drugs.
C. It can analyze medical images accurately. D. It can communicate with patients.
36. Why does Professor Brown advocate for strict ethical guidelines in AI development
A. Because AI is too expensive to develop.
B. Because AI may cause unemployment.
C. Because biased data in AI training may lead to incorrect diagnoses.
D. Because AI is difficult to control.
37. What is the overall tone of the passage about Professor Brown
A. Critical. B. Praising. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful.
五、语法填。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists play a vital role in our society. They are constantly exploring new frontiers of knowledge, 38 __________ (seek) solutions to various problems. For example, in the medical field, scientists are working hard 39 __________ (find) cures for incurable diseases. Their research 40 __________ (base) on careful observation and rigorous experiments.
One of the most important qualities of a scientist is curiosity. A curious scientist is always eager to know 41 __________ is going on in the world around them. This curiosity drives them to ask questions and 42 __________ (conduct) in - depth research.
In addition to curiosity, perseverance is also crucial. Scientists often face numerous setbacks and failures in their research. But they don't give up. They keep 43 __________ (try) until they achieve their goals.
Moreover, teamwork is becoming increasingly important in scientific research. Scientists from different fields often collaborate with each other. By 44 __________ (combine) their knowledge and skills, they can make more significant 45 __________ (discover).
Finally, the application of scientific knowledge is essential. Scientists should aim to translate their research findings into practical 46 __________ (solution) that can benefit society. Only in this way can the hard work of scientists truly 47 __________ (make) a difference.
答案及解析
一、单词填空
1.achievement 解析：“成就”，前面有形容词 latest 修饰，用名词形式。句意为：这位科学家的最新成就引起了全世界的关注。
2.interest 解析：“兴趣”，have a deep interest in 表示 “对…… 有浓厚兴趣”。句意为：她对生物科学的研究有浓厚的兴趣。
3.technology 解析：“技术”，句意为：随着技术的发展，我们的生活发生了很大变化。
4.experiment 解析：“实验”，根据 was 可知用单数形式。句意为：这个实验旨在测试新理论。
5.perseverance 解析：“坚持”，his 后接名词。句意为：他在困难面前的坚持最终得到了回报。
6.research 解析：“研究”，research group “研究小组”。句意为：这个研究小组正在进行一个新项目。
7.scientist 解析：“科学家”，根据 is 可知用单数。句意为：这位科学家以其创新的想法而闻名。
8.analyze 解析：“分析”，need to do sth. 需要做某事。句意为：我们需要仔细分析数据以得到准确的结果。
9.curiosity 解析：“好奇心”，her 后接名词。句意为：她对宇宙的好奇心使她选择天文学作为她的专业。
10.discovery 解析：“发现”，根据 of 可知用名词。句意为：一个新物种的发现具有重大意义。
二、选词填空
1.is based on 解析：“基于”，句意为：这个项目的成功基于所有团队成员的努力。
2.put forward 解析：“提出”，根据 at the meeting 可知用一般过去时。句意为：他在会议上提出了一个新计划，这个计划非常实用。
3.devotes himself to 解析：“致力于”，主语是 he，用第三人称单数形式。句意为：这位年轻的科学家致力于科学研究并取得了很大的成果。
4.in search of 解析：“寻找”，句意为：他们去山里寻找珍稀植物。
5.Due to 解析：“由于”，句首首字母大写。句意为：由于天气不好，实验不得不推迟。
6.came up with 解析：“想出”，根据 finally 可知用一般过去时。句意为：经过几个小时的思考，她终于想出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。
7.work out 解析：“制定出”，should 后接动词原形。句意为：在开始工作之前，我们应该先制定出一个详细的时间表。
8.make a breakthrough 解析：“取得突破”，try to do sth. 努力做某事。句意为：科学家们一直在努力在对抗癌症方面取得突破。
9.in turn 解析：“依次，轮流”。句意为：学生们依次回答老师的问题。
10.contribute to 解析：“有助于，促成”，主语是复数，用原形。句意为：他的努力和天赋促成了他在学习上的快速进步。
三、单句语法填空
1.is 解析：as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，the scientist 是单数，所以用 is。句意为：这位科学家以及他的同事们致力于这项研究。
2.determination 解析：his 后接名词，determine 的名词形式是 determination。句意为：是他的决心使他在实验中取得了成功。
3.to improve 解析：way to do sth. 做某事的方法。句意为：他们正在寻找提高机器效率的方法。
4.is being challenged 解析：根据 at present 可知用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，所以用 is being challenged。句意为：目前这个新理论正受到许多专家的挑战。
5.has 解析：the only one of + 复数名词 + who... 结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。句意为：她是唯一一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的科学家。
6.Inspired 解析：we 与 inspire 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意为：受到他的话的鼓舞，我们决定更努力地工作。
7.carried 解析：research 与 carry out 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。句意为：去年进行的研究非常成功。
8.collecting 解析：spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。句意为：他花了很多时间为他的研究收集数据。
9.to change 解析：be likely to do sth. 可能做某事。句意为：这种新元素的发现可能会改变我们理解化学的方式。
10.couldn't have finished 解析：without his help 是含蓄虚拟条件，对过去的虚拟，主句用 couldn't have done。句意为：没有他的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这个项目。
四、阅读理解
A
B 解析：文章主要介绍了 Dr. Emily Thompson 对生态系统的研究，即人类活动对生态系统的影响，所以选 B。
C 解析：根据 “Many sea animals mistake plastic for food, which can lead to their death.” 可知海洋塑料垃圾增加导致许多海洋动物死亡，选 C。
B 解析：由 “Forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. By protecting and restoring forests, we can help mitigate the effects of climate change.” 可知保护森林是因为森林能吸收二氧化碳帮助应对气候变化，选 B。
B
A 解析：从 “He has been researching how AI can be used to improve healthcare.” 可知 Professor James Brown 主要研究 AI 在医疗保健中的应用，选 A。
C 解析：根据 “His team has developed an AI - based system that can analyze medical images, such as X - rays and MRIs, with high accuracy.” 可知该系统能准确分析医学图像，选 C。
C 解析：由 “if the data used to train the AI system is biased, it may lead to incorrect diagnoses. Therefore, he advocates for strict ethical guidelines in the development and use of AI in healthcare.” 可知是因为 AI 训练中的偏差数据可能导致错误诊断，选 C。
C 解析：文章既介绍了 Professor Brown 的研究成果，也提到了他对 AI 风险的警告，整体语气是中立的，选 C。
五、语法填空
1.seeking 解析：与前面的 are exploring 并列，用现在分词作伴随状语。
2.to find 解析：work hard to do sth. 努力做某事。
3.is based 解析：be based on 基于，主语是单数，用 is based。
4.what 解析：宾语从句中缺少主语，用 what 引导。
5.conduct 解析：与 ask 并列，用动词原形。
6.trying 解析：keep doing sth. 持续做某事。
7.combining 解析：by 是介词，后接动名词。
8.discoveries 解析：make discoveries 做出发现，用复数形式。
9.solutions 解析：根据 their 可知用复数形式。
10.make 解析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
一、单词填空。
根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学单词的正确形式填空。
1.The scientist's latest a________ (成就) has drawn worldwide attention.
2.She has a deep i________ (兴趣) in the study of biological sciences.
3.With the development of t________ (技术), our lives have changed a lot.
4.The e________ (实验) was designed to test the new theory.
5.His p________ (坚持) in the face of difficulties finally paid off.
6.The r________ (研究) group is working on a new project.
7.The s________ (科学家) is known for his innovative ideas.
8.We need to a________ (分析) the data carefully to get accurate results.
9.Her c________ (好奇心) about the universe led her to choose astronomy as her major.
10.The f________ (发现) of a new species is of great significance.
二、选词填空。
从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。
11. The success of the project __________ the efforts of all team members.
12. He __________ a new plan at the meeting, which was quite practical.
13. The young scientist __________ scientific research and has achieved great results.
14. They went to the mountains __________ rare plants.
15. __________ the bad weather, the experiment had to be put off.
16. After hours of thinking, she finally __________ a good solution to the problem.
17. We should first __________ a detailed schedule before starting the work.
18. Scientists are constantly trying to __________ in the fight against cancer.
19. The students answered the teacher's questions __________.
20. His hard work and talent __________ his rapid progress in his studies.
三、单句语法填空。
在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
21. The scientist, as well as his colleagues, __________ (be) committed to the research.
22. It is his __________ (determine) that has led him to succeed in the experiment.
23. They are looking for ways __________ (improve) the efficiency of the machine.
24. The new theory __________ (challenge) by many experts at present.
25. She is the only one of the scientists who __________ (have) won the Nobel Prize twice.
26. __________ (inspire) by his words, we decided to work harder.
27. The research __________ (carry) out last year was very successful.
28. He spent a lot of time __________ (collect) data for his research.
29. The discovery of this new element is likely __________ (change) the way we understand chemistry.
30. Without his help, we __________ (not finish) the project on time.
四、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dr. Emily Thompson is a well - known environmental scientist. Her research focuses on the impact of human activities on the ecosystem. She has been traveling around the world to collect data on how pollution, deforestation, and climate change are affecting different species and habitats.
One of her recent studies has shown that the increase in plastic waste in the oceans is having a devastating effect on marine life. Many sea animals mistake plastic for food, which can lead to their death. Dr. Thompson has been working with local communities and governments to raise awareness about this issue and to develop solutions to reduce plastic pollution.
She also emphasizes the importance of protecting forests. Forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. By protecting and restoring forests, we can help mitigate the effects of climate change.
31. What is Dr. Emily Thompson's area of research
A. The development of new technologies. B. The impact of human activities on the ecosystem.
C. The study of different species in the desert. D. The improvement of human living conditions.
32. What is the result of the increase in plastic waste in the oceans according to Dr. Thompson
A. It promotes the growth of some marine plants. B. It has no significant impact on marine life.
C. It causes the death of many sea animals. D. It helps in the formation of new habitats.
33. Why does Dr. Thompson emphasize the protection of forests
A. Because forests can provide more wood for human use.
B. Because forests can absorb carbon dioxide and help with climate change.
C. Because forests are home to many rare animals.
D. Because forests can beautify the environment.
B
Professor James Brown is a leading figure in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). He has been researching how AI can be used to improve healthcare. His team has developed an AI - based system that can analyze medical images, such as X - rays and MRIs, with high accuracy.
This system can detect diseases at an early stage, which greatly increases the chances of successful treatment. Professor Brown believes that AI has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by providing more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans.
However, he also warns about the potential risks of AI. For example, if the data used to train the AI system is biased, it may lead to incorrect diagnoses. Therefore, he advocates for strict ethical guidelines in the development and use of AI in healthcare.
34. What is Professor James Brown's main research about
A. The application of AI in healthcare. B. The development of new medical devices.
C. The study of human genes. D. The improvement of hospital management.
35. What can the AI - based system developed by Professor Brown's team do
A. It can perform surgeries autonomously. B. It can produce new drugs.
C. It can analyze medical images accurately. D. It can communicate with patients.
36. Why does Professor Brown advocate for strict ethical guidelines in AI development
A. Because AI is too expensive to develop.
B. Because AI may cause unemployment.
C. Because biased data in AI training may lead to incorrect diagnoses.
D. Because AI is difficult to control.
37. What is the overall tone of the passage about Professor Brown
A. Critical. B. Praising. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful.
五、语法填。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists play a vital role in our society. They are constantly exploring new frontiers of knowledge, 38 __________ (seek) solutions to various problems. For example, in the medical field, scientists are working hard 39 __________ (find) cures for incurable diseases. Their research 40 __________ (base) on careful observation and rigorous experiments.
One of the most important qualities of a scientist is curiosity. A curious scientist is always eager to know 41 __________ is going on in the world around them. This curiosity drives them to ask questions and 42 __________ (conduct) in - depth research.
In addition to curiosity, perseverance is also crucial. Scientists often face numerous setbacks and failures in their research. But they don't give up. They keep 43 __________ (try) until they achieve their goals.
Moreover, teamwork is becoming increasingly important in scientific research. Scientists from different fields often collaborate with each other. By 44 __________ (combine) their knowledge and skills, they can make more significant 45 __________ (discover).
Finally, the application of scientific knowledge is essential. Scientists should aim to translate their research findings into practical 46 __________ (solution) that can benefit society. Only in this way can the hard work of scientists truly 47 __________ (make) a difference.
答案及解析
一、单词填空
1.achievement 解析：“成就”，前面有形容词 latest 修饰，用名词形式。句意为：这位科学家的最新成就引起了全世界的关注。
2.interest 解析：“兴趣”，have a deep interest in 表示 “对…… 有浓厚兴趣”。句意为：她对生物科学的研究有浓厚的兴趣。
3.technology 解析：“技术”，句意为：随着技术的发展，我们的生活发生了很大变化。
4.experiment 解析：“实验”，根据 was 可知用单数形式。句意为：这个实验旨在测试新理论。
5.perseverance 解析：“坚持”，his 后接名词。句意为：他在困难面前的坚持最终得到了回报。
6.research 解析：“研究”，research group “研究小组”。句意为：这个研究小组正在进行一个新项目。
7.scientist 解析：“科学家”，根据 is 可知用单数。句意为：这位科学家以其创新的想法而闻名。
8.analyze 解析：“分析”，need to do sth. 需要做某事。句意为：我们需要仔细分析数据以得到准确的结果。
9.curiosity 解析：“好奇心”，her 后接名词。句意为：她对宇宙的好奇心使她选择天文学作为她的专业。
10.discovery 解析：“发现”，根据 of 可知用名词。句意为：一个新物种的发现具有重大意义。
二、选词填空
1.is based on 解析：“基于”，句意为：这个项目的成功基于所有团队成员的努力。
2.put forward 解析：“提出”，根据 at the meeting 可知用一般过去时。句意为：他在会议上提出了一个新计划，这个计划非常实用。
3.devotes himself to 解析：“致力于”，主语是 he，用第三人称单数形式。句意为：这位年轻的科学家致力于科学研究并取得了很大的成果。
4.in search of 解析：“寻找”，句意为：他们去山里寻找珍稀植物。
5.Due to 解析：“由于”，句首首字母大写。句意为：由于天气不好，实验不得不推迟。
6.came up with 解析：“想出”，根据 finally 可知用一般过去时。句意为：经过几个小时的思考，她终于想出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。
7.work out 解析：“制定出”，should 后接动词原形。句意为：在开始工作之前，我们应该先制定出一个详细的时间表。
8.make a breakthrough 解析：“取得突破”，try to do sth. 努力做某事。句意为：科学家们一直在努力在对抗癌症方面取得突破。
9.in turn 解析：“依次，轮流”。句意为：学生们依次回答老师的问题。
10.contribute to 解析：“有助于，促成”，主语是复数，用原形。句意为：他的努力和天赋促成了他在学习上的快速进步。
三、单句语法填空
1.is 解析：as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，the scientist 是单数，所以用 is。句意为：这位科学家以及他的同事们致力于这项研究。
2.determination 解析：his 后接名词，determine 的名词形式是 determination。句意为：是他的决心使他在实验中取得了成功。
3.to improve 解析：way to do sth. 做某事的方法。句意为：他们正在寻找提高机器效率的方法。
4.is being challenged 解析：根据 at present 可知用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，所以用 is being challenged。句意为：目前这个新理论正受到许多专家的挑战。
5.has 解析：the only one of + 复数名词 + who... 结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。句意为：她是唯一一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的科学家。
6.Inspired 解析：we 与 inspire 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意为：受到他的话的鼓舞，我们决定更努力地工作。
7.carried 解析：research 与 carry out 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。句意为：去年进行的研究非常成功。
8.collecting 解析：spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。句意为：他花了很多时间为他的研究收集数据。
9.to change 解析：be likely to do sth. 可能做某事。句意为：这种新元素的发现可能会改变我们理解化学的方式。
10.couldn't have finished 解析：without his help 是含蓄虚拟条件，对过去的虚拟，主句用 couldn't have done。句意为：没有他的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这个项目。
四、阅读理解
A
B 解析：文章主要介绍了 Dr. Emily Thompson 对生态系统的研究，即人类活动对生态系统的影响，所以选 B。
C 解析：根据 “Many sea animals mistake plastic for food, which can lead to their death.” 可知海洋塑料垃圾增加导致许多海洋动物死亡，选 C。
B 解析：由 “Forests play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. By protecting and restoring forests, we can help mitigate the effects of climate change.” 可知保护森林是因为森林能吸收二氧化碳帮助应对气候变化，选 B。
B
A 解析：从 “He has been researching how AI can be used to improve healthcare.” 可知 Professor James Brown 主要研究 AI 在医疗保健中的应用，选 A。
C 解析：根据 “His team has developed an AI - based system that can analyze medical images, such as X - rays and MRIs, with high accuracy.” 可知该系统能准确分析医学图像，选 C。
C 解析：由 “if the data used to train the AI system is biased, it may lead to incorrect diagnoses. Therefore, he advocates for strict ethical guidelines in the development and use of AI in healthcare.” 可知是因为 AI 训练中的偏差数据可能导致错误诊断，选 C。
C 解析：文章既介绍了 Professor Brown 的研究成果，也提到了他对 AI 风险的警告，整体语气是中立的，选 C。
五、语法填空
1.seeking 解析：与前面的 are exploring 并列，用现在分词作伴随状语。
2.to find 解析：work hard to do sth. 努力做某事。
3.is based 解析：be based on 基于，主语是单数，用 is based。
4.what 解析：宾语从句中缺少主语，用 what 引导。
5.conduct 解析：与 ask 并列，用动词原形。
6.trying 解析：keep doing sth. 持续做某事。
7.combining 解析：by 是介词，后接动名词。
8.discoveries 解析：make discoveries 做出发现，用复数形式。
9.solutions 解析：根据 their 可知用复数形式。
10.make 解析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形。