2025年中考英语复习 第6节 介词-课件
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| 名称 | 2025年中考英语复习 第6节 介词-课件 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 118.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-21 16:05:28 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
第一部分 中考语法知识
第六节 介词
中考说明
近4年的广东中考对介词的考查主要出现在语法选择和短文填空的题型中，主要考查的知识点为介词的常见用法和介词的固定搭配等。
考点一：介词的用法
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 at, in, on, to at 表示在小地方；也可表示 “在……附近；旁边；挨着” in 表示在大地方；也可表示 “在……范围之内” on 表示毗邻、接壤；也可表示“在……上面” to表示不接壤，也可表示“在……范围外” at the village, in Beijing
Zhuhai is in the south of China.
Vietnam is on the south of China.
Japan is to the east of China.
语法精炼
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 above, over, on above指“在……上方”，不强调是否垂直，与below(在……下方)相对 over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触 on表示在某物体上面并与之接触 The plane flew above the clouds.
The bridge is over the river.
The boat is on the river.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 below, under below表示“在……下”，不一定在正下方 under表示“在……正下方” The Dead Sea is below sea level.
The boat is under the bridge.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 in front of, in the front of in front of表示“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind(在……后面) in the front of表示“在……的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部。反义词是at the back of…(在……范围内的后部) The bridge is in front of the boat.
He’s sitting in the front of the boat.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 beside， behind beside表示“在……旁边” behind表示“在……后面” He sits beside her.
He stands behind the desk.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 in, on, at in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月以及一般(非特指)的早上、下午、晚上等 on表示具体某一天及其早上、下午、晚上 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，如中午、日出、日落等，或泛指圣诞节、复活节等 in the afternoon, in 2016，in autumn,
on Monday morning, on a cold night, on Friday, on June 25, 2016,
at 2∶00 p. m. , at noon, at midnight, at dinner, at sunset
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 in, after， for “in＋时间”表示将来的一段时间以后 “after＋时间”表示过去的一段时间以后 “after＋将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后 “for＋时间”表示持续了一段时间 He will get there in two hours.
He got there after the rain stopped.
He will get there after two p. m.
This meeting lasted for three days.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 from, since from仅说明“什么时候开始”，不说明某动作或情况持续多久 since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用，意为“自(某具体时间)以来”，其后常接时间点 He lived here from 2010.
He has lived here since last year.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
运动方向的介词 across, through across表示“横过”，即从物体的表面通过 through表示“穿过”，即从物体的内部穿过 He walked across the road.
He walked through the forest.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
表示“在……之间”的介词 between, among between指在两个人或事物之间 among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间 There is no secret between you and me.
She is the tallest among the girls.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 on, about 两者都表示“关于”： on表示这本书、这篇文章或演说等是严肃的或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读 about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式 This is a famous book on universe.
I want to buy a book about arts.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 by, with, in 三者都表示方法、手段、工具： by表示“以……方法、手段”或泛指某种交通工具 with表示“用……工具或手 段”，一般接具体的工具或手段 in表示“用……方式；用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等” He went to Japan by boat.
He opened it with a knife.
He always speaks to me in Japanese.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 except, besides except表示“除……之 外”，不包括在内 besides表示“除……之 外”，包括在内 They are going there except Tom.
Besides Tom, they are going there.
【针对练习】
( ) 1．(2024 西藏，21) Harbin holds the “Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival” ______ January 5th every year.
A．at B．on
C．in D．to
B
( )2．(2024 兰州，1)Peng Jingxuan, a girl from Hunan, was well-known for playing the guzheng near the Eiffel Tower ______ 2018．
A．on B．in
C．at D．for
B
( )3．(2024 德阳，7)These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening(园艺). Students learn it ______ the classroom.
A．opposite B．inside
C．outside D．behind
C
( )4．______ such a cold morning, I also got up ______ 6 o’clock to go for a run as usual.
A．Before; in B．At; to
C．On; at D．In; at
C
( )5．—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school
— ______ about two months.
A．In B．For
C．Among D．During
A
( )6．Could you please give me a hand I can’t complete the task on time ______ your help.
A．without B．under
C．with D．for
( )7．Most people are ______ building a paper factory near here. They are worried the river will get polluted.
A．for B．with
C．against D．beyond
A
C
考点二：介词的固定搭配
介词往往同其他词类形成固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。
搭配类型 例词
与动词搭配 listen to, laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…
搭配类型 例词
与名词搭配 on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end
与形容词搭配 be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for…
【针对练习】
( )1．(2024 广州，7)At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking ______ the penguin eggs near the rocks.
A．above B．off
C．towards D．from
C
( ) 2．(2024 滨州，4)—I miss Bill very much as we haven’t seen each other ______ two years.
—Me, too. Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me ______ the happy days we spent together.
A．in; with B．for; of
C．on; in D．from; for
B
( )3．(2024 眉山，45)They work day and night to keep us healthy, because we can get sick ______ germs(细菌) if rubbish is not picked up.
A．to B．from
C．at D．on
B
( )4．(2024 宜宾，3)It sounds a little unbelievable, but when we look at the people around, we can find most of them are paying more attention ______ their phones rather than face-to-face communication.
A．at B．on
C．in D．to
D
( )5．(2023 广州，13) ______ everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
A．In B．To
C．For D．At
( )6．Recently, a large amount of money has been spent ______ the road building.
A．with B．at
C．on D．for
B
C
( )7．—Do you like the present, Cindy
—Oh, I’ve been thirsty ______ such a dictionary. I’m really thankful ______ you.
A．for; to B．with; to
C．about; with D．to; about
A
完成句子
1．First, we should make some changes _____ our daily life, such _____ sorting _______ the rubbish and travelling ______ a greener way.
首先，我们应该在我们的日常生活中做出一些改变，如垃圾分类和绿色出行。
in
as
out
in
2．We made a speech _____ environmental protection _____ the community ________ the weekend.
周末，我们在社区做了一个关于环境保护的演讲。
3．______ cooperating with other people, we can improve our _______________ _______.
通过与他人合作，我们可以提高我们的沟通技巧。
on
in
at/on
By
communication skills
4．We can try to help those ______ need ______ doing some voluntary work or donations.
我们可以通过做一些志愿者工作或捐款来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
5．How time flies! We are going to graduate _____ ________ ________.
时间飞逝！ 我们将在几周后毕业。
in
by
in several
weeks
6．When are you arriving I’ll ______ _____ ____ _____ the railway station.
你什么时候到？我去火车站接你。
7．It’s a good idea to keep calm and think about it _____ ___ __________ whenever being blamed or criticized.
每当被指责或批评时，保持冷静并思考一会儿是一个好主意。
pick you up at
for a
moment
8．Sometimes a small change _____ yourself may lead _____ a big difference ______ your life.
有时候一个小小的改变可能会给你的生活带来很大的不同。
9．I am ________ ________ ____ taking the course — Labor Education — in the new term. I believe I will do well _____ it.
我期待着新学期的劳动教育课程。我相信我会做得很好。
of
to
to
looking forward to
in
10．I like reading in the library ________ ______ _______ on weekends.
周末，我喜欢去学校后面的图书馆读书。
behind the school
第一部分 中考语法知识
第六节 介词
中考说明
近4年的广东中考对介词的考查主要出现在语法选择和短文填空的题型中，主要考查的知识点为介词的常见用法和介词的固定搭配等。
考点一：介词的用法
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 at, in, on, to at 表示在小地方；也可表示 “在……附近；旁边；挨着” in 表示在大地方；也可表示 “在……范围之内” on 表示毗邻、接壤；也可表示“在……上面” to表示不接壤，也可表示“在……范围外” at the village, in Beijing
Zhuhai is in the south of China.
Vietnam is on the south of China.
Japan is to the east of China.
语法精炼
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 above, over, on above指“在……上方”，不强调是否垂直，与below(在……下方)相对 over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触 on表示在某物体上面并与之接触 The plane flew above the clouds.
The bridge is over the river.
The boat is on the river.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 below, under below表示“在……下”，不一定在正下方 under表示“在……正下方” The Dead Sea is below sea level.
The boat is under the bridge.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 in front of, in the front of in front of表示“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind(在……后面) in the front of表示“在……的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部。反义词是at the back of…(在……范围内的后部) The bridge is in front of the boat.
He’s sitting in the front of the boat.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
方位介词 beside， behind beside表示“在……旁边” behind表示“在……后面” He sits beside her.
He stands behind the desk.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 in, on, at in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月以及一般(非特指)的早上、下午、晚上等 on表示具体某一天及其早上、下午、晚上 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，如中午、日出、日落等，或泛指圣诞节、复活节等 in the afternoon, in 2016，in autumn,
on Monday morning, on a cold night, on Friday, on June 25, 2016,
at 2∶00 p. m. , at noon, at midnight, at dinner, at sunset
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 in, after， for “in＋时间”表示将来的一段时间以后 “after＋时间”表示过去的一段时间以后 “after＋将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后 “for＋时间”表示持续了一段时间 He will get there in two hours.
He got there after the rain stopped.
He will get there after two p. m.
This meeting lasted for three days.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
时间介词 from, since from仅说明“什么时候开始”，不说明某动作或情况持续多久 since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用，意为“自(某具体时间)以来”，其后常接时间点 He lived here from 2010.
He has lived here since last year.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
运动方向的介词 across, through across表示“横过”，即从物体的表面通过 through表示“穿过”，即从物体的内部穿过 He walked across the road.
He walked through the forest.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
表示“在……之间”的介词 between, among between指在两个人或事物之间 among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间 There is no secret between you and me.
She is the tallest among the girls.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 on, about 两者都表示“关于”： on表示这本书、这篇文章或演说等是严肃的或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读 about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式 This is a famous book on universe.
I want to buy a book about arts.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 by, with, in 三者都表示方法、手段、工具： by表示“以……方法、手段”或泛指某种交通工具 with表示“用……工具或手 段”，一般接具体的工具或手段 in表示“用……方式；用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等” He went to Japan by boat.
He opened it with a knife.
He always speaks to me in Japanese.
分类 介词 功能 例词/句
其他介词 except, besides except表示“除……之 外”，不包括在内 besides表示“除……之 外”，包括在内 They are going there except Tom.
Besides Tom, they are going there.
【针对练习】
( ) 1．(2024 西藏，21) Harbin holds the “Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival” ______ January 5th every year.
A．at B．on
C．in D．to
B
( )2．(2024 兰州，1)Peng Jingxuan, a girl from Hunan, was well-known for playing the guzheng near the Eiffel Tower ______ 2018．
A．on B．in
C．at D．for
B
( )3．(2024 德阳，7)These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening(园艺). Students learn it ______ the classroom.
A．opposite B．inside
C．outside D．behind
C
( )4．______ such a cold morning, I also got up ______ 6 o’clock to go for a run as usual.
A．Before; in B．At; to
C．On; at D．In; at
C
( )5．—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school
— ______ about two months.
A．In B．For
C．Among D．During
A
( )6．Could you please give me a hand I can’t complete the task on time ______ your help.
A．without B．under
C．with D．for
( )7．Most people are ______ building a paper factory near here. They are worried the river will get polluted.
A．for B．with
C．against D．beyond
A
C
考点二：介词的固定搭配
介词往往同其他词类形成固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。
搭配类型 例词
与动词搭配 listen to, laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…
搭配类型 例词
与名词搭配 on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end
与形容词搭配 be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for…
【针对练习】
( )1．(2024 广州，7)At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking ______ the penguin eggs near the rocks.
A．above B．off
C．towards D．from
C
( ) 2．(2024 滨州，4)—I miss Bill very much as we haven’t seen each other ______ two years.
—Me, too. Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me ______ the happy days we spent together.
A．in; with B．for; of
C．on; in D．from; for
B
( )3．(2024 眉山，45)They work day and night to keep us healthy, because we can get sick ______ germs(细菌) if rubbish is not picked up.
A．to B．from
C．at D．on
B
( )4．(2024 宜宾，3)It sounds a little unbelievable, but when we look at the people around, we can find most of them are paying more attention ______ their phones rather than face-to-face communication.
A．at B．on
C．in D．to
D
( )5．(2023 广州，13) ______ everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
A．In B．To
C．For D．At
( )6．Recently, a large amount of money has been spent ______ the road building.
A．with B．at
C．on D．for
B
C
( )7．—Do you like the present, Cindy
—Oh, I’ve been thirsty ______ such a dictionary. I’m really thankful ______ you.
A．for; to B．with; to
C．about; with D．to; about
A
完成句子
1．First, we should make some changes _____ our daily life, such _____ sorting _______ the rubbish and travelling ______ a greener way.
首先，我们应该在我们的日常生活中做出一些改变，如垃圾分类和绿色出行。
in
as
out
in
2．We made a speech _____ environmental protection _____ the community ________ the weekend.
周末，我们在社区做了一个关于环境保护的演讲。
3．______ cooperating with other people, we can improve our _______________ _______.
通过与他人合作，我们可以提高我们的沟通技巧。
on
in
at/on
By
communication skills
4．We can try to help those ______ need ______ doing some voluntary work or donations.
我们可以通过做一些志愿者工作或捐款来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
5．How time flies! We are going to graduate _____ ________ ________.
时间飞逝！ 我们将在几周后毕业。
in
by
in several
weeks
6．When are you arriving I’ll ______ _____ ____ _____ the railway station.
你什么时候到？我去火车站接你。
7．It’s a good idea to keep calm and think about it _____ ___ __________ whenever being blamed or criticized.
每当被指责或批评时，保持冷静并思考一会儿是一个好主意。
pick you up at
for a
moment
8．Sometimes a small change _____ yourself may lead _____ a big difference ______ your life.
有时候一个小小的改变可能会给你的生活带来很大的不同。
9．I am ________ ________ ____ taking the course — Labor Education — in the new term. I believe I will do well _____ it.
我期待着新学期的劳动教育课程。我相信我会做得很好。
of
to
to
looking forward to
in
10．I like reading in the library ________ ______ _______ on weekends.
周末，我喜欢去学校后面的图书馆读书。
behind the school