2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练(沪教牛津版)
Unit 1 Helping those in need 单元话题语法填空
一、语法填空
1.语法填空
There are many children without parents. I (meet) some of these children with my mother. We taught them to tell ( story ). This helped them express their (feel). One child said, "My friends don't (understand) my pain."
We spent time with a girl (call) Vivien. Her parents (die) in a car accident, and she is unhappy very lonely. She needs friendship. My mother and I will continue visit Vivien.
I want to help disabled children. They have difficulty walking moving. I taught them to sing. Music can bring them joy and peace. I met a boy called Tim. He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots courage. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.
2.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
You can seldom see homeless people on the street. So could you do if you want to help them Here are some (way).
Donate (捐赠) money. The easiest way to help the homeless is (give) your money. When you want (do) that, you can donate your money to local organizations. Most charity organizations know where the most help is needed.
Donate things. (donate) your used or new things is another easy way to help. Donate these things to local organizations which help the homeless or give them to homeless people you see often. The best things to donate include things professional clothing, new socks…
Provide food. There are lots of ways that you can help homeless people get food. You can donate fresh fruit vegetables to local soup kitchens. You can also drop off bananas, apples, or sandwiches.
Call emergency (紧急) services. If you see someone who may be a danger to the homeless (them) or others, call emergency services. If someone is (clear) having a serious problem, call for (help) too. If someone is in danger because of weather conditions, call emergency services as well.
3.用所给单词的适当形式填空,未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。
ORBIS is an international charitable organization (国际慈善组织). Its main job (be) to help blind people all over the world.
ORBIS uses a flying eye hospital (visit) poor countries. On the plane, volunteer doctors have operations (手术)on blind people.
The plane is also used as teaching centre. Some doctors and nurses from poor countries can come to the plane to learn about eye (problem). Then they can help (many) blind people.
ORBIS (train) and taught over 35,000 doctors and nurses so far. Every year they travel around the world (help) thousands of people. , they need your help to carry on with their work. For just $38, you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring light ten people; for $l, 300 you can help train a doctor. No matter how much money you can donate you're your love will help open their eyes to the world.
4.阅读下面文章用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and often help each other.
But neither of them would like (use) their head. They're both poor though they work hard. Once Uncle Li went to town (take) some medicine for his wife.
In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive (昂贵的). He told Uncle Wang about it.
They decided (carry) some apples to the city. However, a lot of apples had already been carried there when they arrived. They didn't know what (do). They felt unhappy and returned to their village. They didn't understand why they couldn't make money, but they both agreed (buy) more apples and take them to the market because they thought they didn't bring enough. How foolish they were!
5.阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Volunteering (志愿) is becoming popular now. Have you ever (take) part in voluntary work You could work with groups to pick up something dirty, help to teach kids or feed people without homes. People will thank you your work.
Volunteering doesn't just help those groups. You can also improve (you). When you volunteer, you can make friends, learn something (use) and experience many meaningful things.
Volunteering helps with your body and mind. When you volunteer, you'll become (friend) than before. So if you don't have enough friends now, be volunteer. You'll meet people who can share your interests and feelings. Voluntary work will mean a lot to you. That's your work makes a difference (影响) to someone's life.
After you join a group and decide (be) a volunteer, someone may give you lessons on how to be a good volunteer. I think you will enjoy (help) others in need. Maybe you will teach new volunteers one day.
Although you never (appear) at some voluntary work before, it's not late to start from now on.
6.阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。
Michael worked in a factory near a forest. One day, his boss ordered him (cut) down some trees in the forest. When Michael wanted to cut down a tree, a bird flew down and said that the tree was (it) home and it asked Michael not to do that. Michael didn't know what to do, he finally agreed. The bird was happy and 49. (tell) Michael a secret.
The next morning, Michael got up earlier usual. He went to find the bird and followed it to a mountain. Michael saw much gold there. The bird said, "You can pick as (many) gold as you can. , there is one thing you should keep mind—remember to leave before the sun comes up. "Then Michael picked some gold and left (quick).
His life became (good) than before. Michael told Daniel the secret. Daniel went to the mountain too. But he was too greedy(贪婪的). He wanted more gold and didn't leave. At last, after the sun came up, the gold turned into stones. What happened to Daniel He became a bird.
7.语法填空
Malala Yousafzai, 20, is a Pakistani youth activist. She is the (young) person in the world ever to be named United Nations (U.N.) Messenger(信使) of Peace. The United Nations is international organization, which is meant to encourage (country) to work together on different opinions without the use of war. Yousafzai has (glad) accepted the role of working for girls' education. A messenger usually (stay) in the position(职位) for three years. " you want to see your future bright, you have to start working now and not wait anyone else," she said at the acceptance meeting in New York. In 2012, Yousafzai was nearly killed by the Taliban because she worked hard (get) the same education for young girls in Pakistan. But later her condition improved. a brave girl! Since then Yousafzai (become) a symbol for peace and girls' right to receive an education.
8.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Mr Grey was the manager of a small office in London. He lived in the country, and went to work train. He liked (walk) from the station to his office unless it was raining, because it (give) him some exercise.
One morning he was walking along the street a stranger stopped him and said to him, "You may not remember me, sir, seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets. I (stop) you in this street and asked you (lend) me some money and you lent me £5, because you said you were willing to take a chance so as to give a man a start on the way to (succeed)."
Mr Grey (think) for a few minutes and then said, "Yes, I remember you. Go on with your story!" "Well," (say) the stranger, "are you still willing to take a chance "
语法填空
Are you a volunteer in your neighborhood Volunteering 9. (give) us so many chances to have fun and listen to great stories. 10. (work) on a farm in England was a new experience for me. It was a wonderful holiday 11. we didn't pay for the food and accommodation(住宿). There I made some great friends and improved my English.
12. fact, you don't need to go to other countries 13. (work) as a volunteer. I have lots of experiences at home as volunteering can become 14. hobby. For example, I love singing so I had a good time waving my arms in a music club. I did improve 15. (slow) and felt great to sing.
At school, I 16. (organize) a singing party to raise money with my friends. It was really fun finding singers and 17. (raise) money for something we liked. What's more, talking to other volunteers from different 18. (country) also helped me learn more about the world.
答案解析部分
1.met;stories;feelings;understand;called;died;and;to;or;of
文章大意:主要介绍作者和他母亲尽力帮助孤儿和残疾儿童的故事。
(1)考查动词过去时。我和我母亲见了一些孩子。由下文taught,要用一般过去时。meet的过去式met,故答案为met。
(2)考查名词复数。我们教他们讲故事。空格前没有不定冠词,要用复数表示一类,stories故答案为stories。
(3)考查名词复数。这有助于他们表达自己的感情。their形容词性物主代词,feel要用名词,feeling,此处要用复数,feelings。故答案为feelings。
(4)考查动词原形。我的朋友不理解我的痛苦。空格前有助动词don't,其后要用动词原形understand。答案为understand。
(5)考查动词过去分词。我们和一个叫维维安的女孩在一起。句子的谓语动词spent,girl与call之间是被动关系,被叫,要用过去分词作定语,called。故答案为called。
(6)考查动词过去时。她的父母死于一场车祸。父母死于车祸,发生在过去,要用一般过去时,die的过去式died。故答案为died。
(7)考查连词。她很不高兴很孤独。由句子结构可知,并列形容词,要用and来连接。故答案为and。
(8)考查不定式。我妈妈和我将继续看望维维安。continue to do sth.继续做某事。要用不定式符号to。故答案为to。
(9)考查连词。他们行走或移动困难。由句子结构可知,并列的动名词,且两个动作不能同时发生,要用表示选择的连词or或者。故答案为or。
(10)考查固定短语。他在一次事故中伤了腿,但他很有勇气。lots of +名词,许多的,固定短语,故答案为of。
考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词、动词一般过去时、过去分词、动词原形、不定式、连词等。
2.what;ways;to give;to do;Donating;like;and;themselves;clearly;help
文章大意:本文主要介绍了帮助那些无家可归的人的方式,其中包括捐钱,捐物,提供食物,拨打紧急服务电话等。
(1)如果你想帮助他们你能做什么?根据下文语句可知此文介绍了为无家可归的人所做的事情,要用what来引导,故填what。
(2)这里有一些方法。way,方式,方法,可数名词。根据前面的some可知此句要用复数形式,故填ways。
(3)帮助无家可归者最简单的方法就是捐钱。give,捐献,动词。结合文中语句 The easiest way to help the homeless is…your money. 可知此句要用动词不定式,故填to give。
(4)当你想这样做的时候,你可以把钱捐给当地的组织。do,做,动词。want to do sth,想要做某事,固定结构,故填to do。
(5)捐赠你的旧的或新的东西是另一个简单的方法来帮助。donate,捐献,动词。结合语句 your used or new things is another easy way to help. 可知此句要用动名词形式作主语,故答案为Donating。
(6)最好捐赠的东西包括职业服装,新袜子…结合语句中的things与professional clothing, new socks…可知,此句需要介词,表示举例子,故填like。
(7)你可以把新鲜的水果和蔬菜捐赠给当地的厨房。结合语句中的fresh fruit及vegetables可知,两者表示并列,且在肯定句中,故填and。
(8)如果你看到有人可能对无家可归者自己或他人造成危险,请拨打急救电话。them,人称代词宾格。结合语句中的the homeless可知此句表示无家可归的人,故填themselves。
(9)如果有人明显有严重的问题,也要寻求帮助。clear,清晰的,形容词。结合语句中的having a serious problems可知此句需要副词形式,故填clearly。
(10)如果有人明显有严重的问题,也要寻求帮助。help,帮助,不可数名词。结合语句中的for可知此句需要名词形式,故填help。
考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
3.is;to visit;a;problems;more;has trained;to help;However;to;them
主要讲了国际慈善组织ORBIS。
(1)它的主要职责是帮助全世界的盲人。be是,时态是一般现在时,主语是单数job,所以be动词用is,故填is。
(2)ORBIS利用一家眼科医院访问贫穷国家。visit参观,实义动词,use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事,固定搭配,所以用to visit,故填to visit。
(3)这架飞机也被用作教学中心。centre中心,可数名词单数,teaching以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故填a。
(4)些来自贫穷国家的医生和护士可以来飞机上学习有关眼睛问题的知识。problem问题,可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a或者one,所以用复数problems,故填problems。
(5)然后他们可以帮助更多的盲人。many许多,形容词原级。根据句意可知是帮助更多的盲人,所以用more,故填more。
(6)到目前为止ORBIS已经培训和教了35000多名医生和护士。train培训,实义动词,so far表明时态是现在完成时,结构是have/has+动词过去分词,train的过去分词是trained,故填has trained。
(7)他们每年环游世界帮助成千上万的人。help帮助,实义动词,环游世界的目的是帮助人,所以用to do不定式表目的,故填to help。
(8)然而,他们需要你的帮助来继续他们的工作。虽然每年环游世界帮助成千上万的人,但是仍然需要你的帮助,however然而,故填However。
(9)花380美元,你可以给十个人带来光明。bring sth. to sb.给某人带来某物,固定搭配,故填to。
(10)不管你能捐多少钱,你的爱都会帮助他们睁开眼睛看世界。help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,固定搭配,帮助盲人们看世界,所以sb.用复数宾格them,故填them。
考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4.to use;to take;to carry;to do;to buy
主要讲了李叔叔和王叔叔不喜欢动脑子,一天他们去城镇时发现城镇里的苹果是贵的,于是他们带一些苹果去城镇卖,结果他们去的时候已经很多人在卖苹果,他们没有挣许多钱,他们认为原因是没有带去足够的苹果。
(1)但是他们两个都不想动脑子。use使用,实义动词,would like to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以用to use,故填to use。
(2)曾经李叔叔去城镇给妻子拿药。take带走,实义动词,去城镇的目的是拿药,所以用to do不定式表目的,故填to take。
(3)他们决定带一些苹果去城市里。carry带着,实义动词,decide to do sth.决定做某事,固定搭配,所以用to carry,故填to carry。
(4)他们不知道做什么。do做,what to do做什么,固定搭配,故填to do。
(5)他们不明白为什么赚不到钱,但他们都同意多买些苹果,带到市场上去,因为他们认为自己带的苹果不够。buy买,实义动词,agree to do sth.同意做某事,固定搭配,所以用to buy,故填to buy。
考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
5.taken;for;yourself;useful;friendlier;a;because;to be;helping;appeared
文章主要介绍了志愿者工作的大致内容,如何帮助有困难的人,以及鼓励大家积极参与志愿者活动。
(1)你曾经参加过志愿者工作吗?根据句式结构可知句子是现在完成时,现在完成时的结构have+done,故答案为:taken。
(2)认为会因为你的工作感谢你。thank sb. for sth.因为......感谢某人,固定搭配,故答案为:for。
(3)你也可以提升你自己。此处是反身代词用宾语,故答案为:yourself。
(4)当你做志愿者时,你可以交朋友,学有用的东西并且经历很多有意义的事情。根据something可知形容词修饰名词,use使用,动词,useful有用的,形容词,故答案为:useful。
(5)当你做志愿者时,你将变得比以前更友好。become变得,系动词,后面跟形容词做表语,friend朋友,名词,friendly友好的,形容词,故答案为:friendly。
(6)因此如果你现在没有足够的朋友,做志愿者吧。volunteer志愿者,名词,前面缺少修饰词,用不定冠词a修饰,表示数量一,故答案为:a。
(7)那是因为你的工作对某人的生活有很大的影响。根据 You'll meet people who can share your interests and feelings. 可知你的工作会影响他人的生活。根据your work makes a difference (影响) to someone's life 可知此处是原因状语从句,because因为,引导原因状语从句,故答案为:because。
(8)你在加入一组之后并且决定成为一个志愿者,有人可能会给你上关于如何成为一个好的志愿者的课。decide to do sth.决定做某事,固定搭配,故答案为:to be。
(9)我想你会喜欢帮助需要的人。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,故答案为:helping。
(10)虽然你以前从来没在一些志愿工作出现过,从现在开始不晚。根据before可知句子时态是一般过去时,故答案为:appeared。
考查语法填空。先跳过空格阅读短文,理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子,根据句意合上下文的联系确定句子所缺的成分,然后根据语法知识和固定搭配,填上适当的词,或用所给词的正确形式填空,完成短文。
6.to cut;its;but;told;than;much;However;in;quickly;better
文章大意:讲述了迈克尔因为好心,没有毁掉鸟的家园,因此获得一个可以上山取得金子的秘密,由于迈克尔不贪心,生活得到了改善,而贪心的丹尼尔因为贪婪,最终变成了鸟。
(1)一天,老板命令他砍掉森林里的一些树。固定短语order sb to do sth,命令某人做某事,故填to cut。
(2)一只鸟飞了下来,说树是它的家,它要求迈克尔不要这样做。根据语境可知此句需要形容词性物主代词,它的。it所对应的物主代词是its,故填its。
(3)迈克尔不知道该怎么办,但他最终同意了。根据语境可知此句需要连词,分析两个语句的含义前后表示转折,故填but。
(4)这只鸟很高兴,告诉了迈克尔一个秘密。tell,动词,告诉;根据前句was的提示可知此空要用过去式,故填told。
(5)第二天早上,迈克尔比平时起得早。根据earlier可知此句是比较结构,缺少连词,故填than。
(6)那只鸟说:“你可以选尽可能多的金子。固定短语,as...as,与……一样,中间用形容词或副词的原级,又因gold是不可数名词,故填much。
(7)不过,有一件事你要记住,在太阳升起之前,你必须离开。根据语境可知此句缺少连词,因前后两个语句表示的内容不一样,表示转折,且前面有“,”,固定短语,keep in mind,记住。故填However;in。
(8)然后迈克尔拣了些金子,很快就走了。quick,形容词,快的。根据语境可知此句需要副词,故填quickly。
(9)他的生活比以前好多了。good,形容词,好的;根据题干中的than可知此句要用比较级结构,故填better。
考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
7.youngest;an;countries;gladly;stays;If;for;to get;What;has become
文章大意:主要介绍来自巴基斯坦的小女孩 Malala Yousafzai,她是最青年活动家,被任命为联合国和平使者,她反对战争,披露塔利班的罪行,希望女孩子也能接受同样的教育,她很勇敢,她是和平的象征和女童接受教育的权利的代表。
(1)她是世界上最年轻的作为联合国的和平信使。young年轻的,由in the world在世界上,可知,应该是最年轻的,用最高级youngest,故答案为youngest。
(2)联合国是一个国际组织。因为organization 是可数名词的单数形式,imternational是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用an。故答案为an。
(3)这个国际组织原本计划鼓励不同的国家在一起合作而不用使用武力来解决不同的分歧。根据to work together on different opinions without the use of war.可知,必须是不同的国家的合作,所以这里应该用名词的复数形式。故答案为countries。
(4)为了女孩的教育,Yousafzai高兴地接受这个工作。这里应该用副词gladly高兴地,修饰动词 accepted接受。填gladly,故答案为gladly。
(5)通常一个信使的职责执政是三年。根据Usally可知,句子应该用般现在时,句子的主语a messenger是单数形式,所以谓语动词也用单数形式。故答案为stays。
(6)如果你想要一个光明的未来,现在你就开始工作,不要等候其他的任何人。根据you have to start working now可知,你不得不努力,如果想要光明的未来。故答案为If。
(7)如果你想要一个光明的未来,现在你就开始工作,不要等候其他的任何人。短语wait for sb,等候某人,故答案为for。
(8)在2012年Yousafzai 差点被塔利班给杀死,因为她努力工作为了巴基斯坦的年轻女孩得到一个好的教育。work hard to do sth,努力去做某事。用动词不定式表示目的。故答案为to get。
(9)多么勇敢的女孩呀!因为中心词是名词girl,所以用what,故答案为What。
(10)自从那是开始,Yousafza成了和平和女孩接受平等教育的象征。根据snce,自从,句子的请语动词用现在完成时。故答案为has become。
考查语法填空。注意理解文章,联系上下文,写出备选词的正确形式。
8.by;walking/to walk;gave;when;but;stopped;to lend;success;thought;said
文章大意:本文主要讲的是格雷先生七年前借给一位陌生人五英镑,让他渡过难关,七年后在街上散步时又碰到那个人的故事。
(1) 他住在乡下,坐火车去上班。by train坐火车,固定短语。故填by。
(2) 他喜欢从车站走到他的办公室,除非下雨,因为散步给他一些锻炼。walk,走,动词。like to do sth指偶尔一次的爱好,like doing sth指长期的爱好。此处两者都可以。故填walking/to walk。
(3) 他喜欢从车站走到他的办公室,除非下雨,因为散步给他一些锻炼。此文讲述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式;give给,动词,其过去式是gave。故填gave。
(4)一天早上,他正在街上散步,这时一个陌生人拦住了他,对他说。分析句子结构,此句是when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。
(5)你可能不记得我了,先生,但是七年前我来到伦敦,口袋里一分钱也没有。此处表转折,用连词but。故填but。
(6)我在这条街上拦住你,向你借我一些钱,你借给我5英镑,因为你说你愿意冒一次险,让一个人在通往成功的道路上有一个开始。根据and asked you 可知,此处和asked并列,用过去式;stop阻止,拦住,动词,其过去式是stopped。故填stopped。
(7) 我在这条街上拦住你,向你借我一些钱,你借给我5英镑,因为你说你愿意冒一次险,让一个人在通往成功的道路上有一个开始。lend,借,动词。ask sb to do sth让某人做某事,固定搭配。故填to lend。
(8)我在这条街上拦住你,向你借我一些钱,你借给我5英镑,因为你说你愿意冒一次险,让一个人在通往成功的道路上有一个开始。succeed,成功,动词。on the way to success通往成功的道路上,固定短语。故填success。
(9)格雷先生想了几分钟,然后说道:“是的,我记得你。继续你的故事!”根据 and then said 可知,和said并列用过去式;think想,动词,其过去式是thought。故填thought。
(10)“嗯,”陌生人说,“你还愿意冒险吗?”此句表示过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式;say说,动词,其过去式是said。故填said。
考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文,了解大意,然后根据语境和单词提示对所缺部分逐一解答,逐一考虑固定搭配、语法、语境等因素。
9.gives;10.Working;11.because;12.In;13.to work;14.a;15.slowly;16.organized;17.raising;18.countries
本文主要介绍作者喜欢做志愿工作,在英国的农场以及学校都有很愉快的经历。
考查语法填空,答题时要跳过空格,了解大意,然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一作答,逐一要考虑句型,语法,搭配以及语境等因素,最后通读一遍并验证。
9.志愿服务让我们有很多机会玩得开心,听伟大的故事。give,给,动词,根据空格前volunteering,志愿服务,动名词做主语,谓语动词应用三单,gives,故答案为gives。
10.在英国的农场工作对我来说是一次新的经历。work,工作,动词,分析句子缺少主语,应用动名词做主语,可知此处应用working,位于句首,故答案为Working。
11.这是一个美好的假期,因为我们没有支付食物和住宿。空格前句子It was a wonderful holiday, 这是一个美好的假期,可知与空格后不用支付食物和住宿,是因果关系,应用because连接,故答案为because。
12.事实上,你不需要去其他国家做志愿者。介词短语in fact,事实上,位于句首,故答案为In。
13.事实上,你不需要去其他国家做志愿者。根据空格前go to other countries,去其他国家,可知此处是指去其他国家的目的是去工作,应用不定式表示目的,故答案为to work。
14.我在家里有很多经验,因为志愿服务可以成为一种爱好。根据空格后hobby,业余爱好,可数名词单数,固定用法a+可数名词单数,故答案为a。
15.我确实进步缓慢,唱歌感觉很棒。slow,缓慢的,形容词,根据空格前improve,提高,动词,可知此处应用副词修饰,应用slowly,故答案为slowly。
16.在学校,我和朋友们组织了一个唱歌聚会来筹集资金。organize,组织,动词,根据句子成分缺少谓语动词,结合下文was,可知时态为一般过去时,此处应用过去式,organized,故答案为organized。
17.寻找歌手和为我们喜欢的东西筹集资金真的很有趣。raise,筹集,动词,根据空格前finding singers and,可知此处应与and前动词finding保持一致,可知此处应用raising,故答案为raising。
18.更重要的是,与其他来自不同国家的志愿者交谈也帮助我更多地了解世界。countyr,国家,名词,根据空格前different,不同的,可知此处应用名词的复数形式,countries,故答案为countries。