Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解 【含答案+解析】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（牛津译林版）
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解 【含答案+解析】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（牛津译林版） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 31.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-01-22 10:11:37 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（牛津译林版）
Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解
一、阅读理解
I'm not the kind of mother who often brushes her daughter's hair, and my daughter has never liked sitting quietly long enough for me to do it.
But today, I took a chair outside and let my daughter Kitty sit on it. She was sitting high with her eyes closed, skin still wet from the shower and her messy hair behind her back. I realized she was taking in every touch from my hands. Today we would send Kitty away for a week of a summer camp. This was all my idea. She's nearly 12, and I notice that I'm with my child nearly 24 hours a day. Living on the farm without neighbours, Kitty has become increasingly dependent(依赖的) on me.
After lunch, we drove to the camp place. After we got out of the car, we were introduced to the other children. Kitty followed me closely, holding my hand all the time. "I need you for a few more minutes," she said to me, horror in her eyes.
I pulled away and walked up to a camp worker. "Excuse me," I said loudly, 'Td like to introduce you to my daughter. Maybe you could help her meet a few of these kids." He came over to talk to Kitty and I kissed on her face. Then we all disappeared before Kitty realized we had left.
On my way home, I felt a piece of my soul(灵魂) had been taken away from my body. I began to shake. Tears came down my face. When I arrived home, I calmed down and reminded myself why I chose this path. "I want Kitty to have a chance to find herself, out of my shadow(影子). If I don't set her free, I'm afraid she won't be independent(独立的) forever," I said to myself.
（1）How long would the camp last
A．5 days. B．7 days. C．12 days. D．24 days.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "taking in" mean in Paragraph(段落) 2
A．感受 B．拒绝 C．索要 D．感谢
（3）How did Kitty feel when she arrived at the camp
A．Cool. B．Excited. C．Scared. D．Tired.
（4）Which of the following about the writer is NOT true according to the passage
A．She thought it good for her girl to go camping.
B．She was willing to do everything for her girl.
C．She knew she made the right decision at last.
D．She felt sad on her way back from the camp.
（5）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Kids should not stay with their parents.
B．Kids should often go out for summer camps.
C．Parents should not give their children any help.
D．Parents should help their children to be independent.
2．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。
Babies born after 2017 may never need to take a driving lesson because of the development of self driving cars. Some scientists say that self driving or driverless cars(无人驾驶汽车)may hit the roads within 15 years, and it is possible that driving may become unnecessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.
Companies like Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars. But, if the tests are successful, these electric self driving cars could be put into use very soon. This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future. All you have to do is to type in the address!
According to Baidu, driverless technology has the following four advantages. Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. Secondly, driverless cars are more efficient(效率高的) than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules. Therefore traffic control will be easier to achieve. At last, the cost of transportation will be reduced as the labor cost becomes less.
There are many different technologies needed to make a successful self driving car. The most difficult technologies of all are environmental perception(感知), behavior prediction, planning control, HD mapping, and exact GPS.
（1）According to some scientists, driverless cars may make driving become______.
A．necessary B．difficult C．enjoyable D．boring
（2）Which of the following is NOT true about driverless cars
A．Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars.
B．This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future.
C．Driverless cars are safer than manned cars.
D．Passengers don't need to tell the cars where they want to go.
（3）The third paragraph mainly talks about the ________of driverless cars.
A．instructions B．standards C．advantages D．theories
（4）What does the underlined word “decrease” in the third paragraph mean
A．减少 B．增加 C．培养 D．建造
3．阅读理解
From my father I have learned a lot. And I'm very thankful to him. I remember when I was a child my father always got up very early, quietly putting on his clothes and going off to work. To arrive in time to open his tiny store at 8:30, he needed to leave our apartment at 6:30. After all(毕竟), he had to take a bus and then the subway. The last journey was a long walk through a neighborhood much of which was full of the smell of rubbish. I learned: it is very important to work. No excuse.
When I was 12, I would, on some Saturdays, go to my father's store to help out. After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I'd watch to make sure no one stole anything. When I noticed someone looking unusual or strange, I would look the person in the eye, smile and say, "May I help you " Usually that worked, but sometimes, someone would run off with something. The first time, Iran after the thief but my father shouted, "Martin, stop! There is no need to do that." It's true that safety is more important than money.
After 10 years of hard work, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a cheap one--he wouldn't buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money. I learned: buy only what you can afford. Buying necessary food and clothing won't make us go in debt(债务). The unnecessary things won't give us happiness, which comes from achievement(成就) only.
（1）What shop did the author's father own
A．A bookshop. B．A coffee shop.
C．A clothing shop. D．A food shop.
（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．The author ran after thieves many times.
B．The author thanked his father a lot.
C．The author's father worked very hard.
D．The author's father made some money.
（3）All the following are talked about in the passage EXCEPT
A．the importance of working
B．the good ways to keep healthy
C．that safety comes before money
D．that it's bad to spend more than you make
（4）According to the author, what usually makes people go in debt
A．To rent a house for the family. B．To send their children to school.
C．To enjoy something unnecessary. D．To buy enough food for the family.
（5）What is the passage mainly about
A．How to live a happy life.
B．What makes a person successful
C．The help the author got from his father.
D．What the author learned from his father.
4．阅读理解
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering (不开花的) plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds (种子). Fruits protect the seeds. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores (孢子). Spores are very, very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float (飘) in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴凉的) places, they usually grow into new plants.
（1）The main idea of the first paragraph is that _______.
A．plants are important for life B．plants can't grow without air
C．there are many plants in the world D．we can't live without water
（2）Plants can make food from _______.
A．flower, water and air B．water, sunlight and air
C．air, water and soil D．air, sun and light
（3）What fact does the passage lead you to believe
A．Of all living things, animals are the most important.
B．Spores are seeds.
C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds.
D．Without plants, man will die out.
（4）What will the writer probably (可能) talk about in the following paragraph
A．how plants can make food from air
B．how spores grow into new plants
C．why some plants have no seeds
D．why non-flowering plants are more important than flowering plants
（5）This passage is most likely to be taken from ________.
A．a story book B．a TV guide
C．a science magazine D．a lab (实验室) report
5．阅读理解
New York is the biggest city of the USA. A long time ago, is was called Lenapehoking. In 1626, Dutch(荷兰) people bought the land for only $24. They called it New Amsterdam. Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York.
New York had an excellent harbour(港口). Many people from all over the world came by sea and landed in New York. These people wanted a better life. New York seemed to give them that. By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States. New York City used to have five smaller towns, but now they are all part of the same city. They are Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Staten Island.
Today, New York is home to millions of people from all over the world. These different cultures make New York an exciting place to visit. There are many things to do in New York. You can take a helicopter(直升飞机) riding through the city, ride horses in Central Park，see a movie in the afternoon and watch the sunset(日落)over the Brooklyn Bridge. Don't worry if you get hungry. Some restaurants are open 24 hours a day!
（1）A long time ago, many people came to New York .
A．by train B．because it was beautiful
C．to look for a better life D．to travel
（2）New York became the largest city in the United States .
A．about three hundred years ago
B．over two hundred years ago
C．about one hundred and eighty years ago
D．one hundred years ago
（3）The writer thinks that the tourists should watch the sunset in .
A．Brooklyn B．Queens C．the Bronx D．Staten Inland
（4）Which of the following is NOT true about New York
A．The city got the name of "New York" in 1664.
B．New York is a big and exciting city.
C．New York had five smaller towns in the past.
D．Americans were the rulers of the city in the 17th century.
6．阅读理解
When I was a little girl, my family lived in the countryside. There was a beautiful river near my home. The water was clean and cool. I liked to go fishing there with my mother. We would catch fish, look for clams(蛤)and play in the water. There were also a lot of birds near the river. We would spend all day watching the birds.
Now my family live in the city. Last Sunday, my daughter asked me to take her to see the river I was always talking about. "I want to go fishing there so much with you and Grandma," she said.
When we went to the river, we only saw a factory and a mountain of waste. My mother was surprised, my daughter was disappointed, and I was sad. The river was my best friend. I grew up with it. Now there are no fish in it, and the birds have gone too. I hear them crying for help. But what can I do
（1）When the writer went back to see the river, what did she find
A．The pollution in the river was serious.
B．The river was a good place for children to play around.
C．Bird watching was more and more popular along the river.
D．There were no fish because too many people went fishing there.
（2）Who is the "Grandma" in this passage
A．The writer herself. B．The writer's mother.
C．The writer's daughter. D．The writer's grandmother.
（3）What did the writer mean when she said "I grew up with it."
A．She helped clean the river.
B．She spent much time playing around the river.
C．She had many friends who lived near the river.
D．She grew well by eating fish and clams from the river
7．阅读理解
It is over a year now since Cathy came to China. She is now living in Nanjing and has worked in a computer factory for six months. The factory is in the north of the city, and her flat is in the south. But, she has never been late for work.
Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers. After work, in the evenings they visit each other and talk about almost everything.
However, Cathy has made up her mind to leave the factory. She is going to find a job in a travel agency(旅行社). “If I work in a travel agency, I'll be able to meet more people. I can learn more about China，” she told her friends.
One day last week she had a talk with the manager of the travel agency .He seemed pleased with her Chinese. At the end of the talk, he said, “I'll give you a ring in a week and tell you the result.” Now Cathy is waiting for the answer.
（1）Cathy has been in China for________．
A．more than a year B．half a year
C．two and a half years D．two years
（2）She is ________for work.
A．always late B．always on time C．never on time D．often late
（3）Almost ________in the factory knows Cathy.
A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．none
（4）Cathy's ________must be quite good.
A．Chinese B．maths C．Japanese D．physics
答案解析部分
1．（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
短文大意：这篇短文讲的是Kitty的妈妈和女儿一直生活这一起，她发现女孩对她很依赖，于是她想让Kitty独立，把她送去参加夏令营活动的故事。母亲充满了不舍，怕女儿不能自立。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Today we would send Kitty away for a week of a summer camp. 可知夏令营是7天时间，故选B。
（2）词意猜测题。根据She was sitting high with her eyes closed, skin still wet from the shower and her messy hair behind her back. 和every touch from my hands 可知Kitty在闭着双眼感受母亲双手的抚摸，所以take in感受的意思，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 I need you for a few more minutes," she said to me, horror in her eyes. 可知Kitty很害怕，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据 I'm not the kind of mother who often brushes her daughter's hair可知母亲不愿意为女儿做任何事情。所以B选项和文章叙述不一致，故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是母亲怕Kitty对她过于依赖想要让她独立，把她送到夏令营锻炼的故事。故选D。
考查阅读理解。先阅读短文理解短文大意。然后分析问题带着问题认真阅读短文，对于细节理解题可直接从文章的语句中找出答案。对于词意猜测题要根据上下文的联系推理判断划线短语在文章的意思。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的中心思想确定。
2．（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
这篇文章介绍了正在研发的无人驾驶汽车的特点、无人驾驶技术的优点和需要解决的技术难题。
（1）细节理解题。 根据it is possible thatdriving may become not necessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.可知是更加轻松有趣的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。A. Google, Baidu, Apple andAlibaba are working on driverless cars. 谷歌、百度、苹果和阿里巴巴都在研发无人驾驶汽车。B. This kind of carsmay change our living conditions in the future.这种汽车将来可能会改变我们的生活条件。C. Driverless cars aresafer than man-controlled cars.无人驾驶汽车比人控制的汽车更安全。D. Passengers don't need to tell the carswhere they want to go.乘客不需要告诉汽车他们想去的地方。根据All you have to do is typing in the address! ，可知需要键入想去的地址，故选D。
（3）细节理解题（段落大意题）。根据According to Baidu, driverlesstechnology has the following four advantages.，可知介绍的是无人驾驶技术具有四个优点,故选C。
（4）词句猜测题。根据上文Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. 首先，无人驾驶汽车实际上更安全。下文driverless cars are more efficient(效率高的) than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules.其次，无人驾驶汽车比有人驾驶的汽车更有效。第三，无人驾驶汽车遵守交通规则。可知With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. 交通事故会减少，故选A。
考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
3．（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
本文通过作者帮忙照顾他父亲的商店的故事，主要讲述了作者从他父亲那里学到了什么。
（1）推理判断题。根据第二段After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I'd watch to make sure no one stole anything. 推理可知，作者的父亲拥有一家服装店。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The first time, I ran after the thief but my father shouted, "Martin, stop! There is no need to do that." 推理可知，作者并没有多次追小偷，“作者多次追捕小偷”的说法是不准确的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段I learned: it is very important to work.可知，选项A.工作的重要性。在文中提到了；根据第二段 It's true that safety is more important than money. 可知，选项C.安全先于金钱。在文中提到了；根据第三段After 10 years of hard work, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a cheap one--he wouldn't buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money.可知，选项D.花得比挣得多是不好的。在文中提到了。而选项B.保持健康的好方法。在文中未提到。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Buying necessary food and clothing won't make us go in debt(债务). The unnecessary things won't give us happiness, which comes from achievement only.
推理可知，通常享受不必要的东西会让人负债。故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了作者从他父亲那里学到了什么。故选D。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再仔细检查一遍，确保答案正确无误。
4．（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
文章大意：本文主要讲述了关于植物的科普知识。
（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段Plants are very important living things.可知，第一段说明了植物对生命很重要。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. 可知，植物可以从水、阳光和空气中制造食物。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据 So animals and man need plants in order to live.推理可知，没有植物，人类将会灭绝。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴凉的) places, they usually grow into new plants.推理可知，在接下来的段落中，作者可能会谈论孢子如何长成新植物的。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据文章全文内容，本文主要讲述了关于植物的科普知识，推理可知，这篇文章最有可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
5．（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
文章大意：本文主要介绍了美国最大的城市——纽约市。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 Many people from all over the world came by sea and landed in New York. These people wanted a better life. 可知，很久以前，许多人来到纽约是为了寻找更好的生活。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States.和现在2020年可知，大约180年前，纽约成为美国最大的城市。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 You can take a helicopter(直升飞机) riding through the city, ride horses in Central Park，see a movie in the afternoon and watch the sunset(日落)over the Brooklyn Bridge. 可知，作者认为游客应该去布鲁克林看日落。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York. 可知，选项A的论述正确；根据 By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States. 和 These different cultures make New York an exciting place to visit. 可知，选项B的论述正确；根据New York City used to have five smaller towns, but now they are all part of the same city.可知，选项C的论述正确；根据Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York.可知，英国人是17世纪纽约市的统治者，说“美国人是17世纪这座城市的统治者”是不正确的。故选D。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
6．（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
文章大意：这篇文章讲述了作者小时候生活在一个小村庄，那里有一条小河，伴着她成长，给作者带去了很多欢乐，如今，小河完全被工厂污染了，作者非常伤心。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第三段When we went to the river, we only saw a factory and a mountain of garbage。可知，作者回去看小河的时候，只看到了一个工厂和大量的垃圾，也就是说，这条河的污染很严重。故选A。
（2）推理判断题 。根据文章第二段 Last Sunday, my daughter asked me to take her to see the river I was always talking about. 推理可知，文章中的奶奶是作者女儿的奶奶，作者的妈妈。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。通读文章全文可知，作者小的时候经常在河边玩耍，小河伴随着她的成长，给了她很多欢乐，当作者说“我是和它一起长大的”的意思是她花了很多时间在河边玩耍。故选B。
考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
7．（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
文章大意：凯茜来中国已经一年多了。她现在住在南京，在一家计算机厂工作了六个月。工厂在城市的北部，她的公寓在南部。但她上班从不迟到。下班后，晚上他们互相拜访，谈论几乎所有的事情。然而，凯西已经决定离开工厂。她将在一家旅行社（旅行社）找到一份工作。“如果我在旅行社工作，我就能结识更多的人。”现在凯西正在等待答案。
（1）细节理解题。根据 It is over a year now since Cathy came to China. 可知凯茜来中国已经一年多了。over=morethan，超过，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据she has never been late for work.可知他上班从未迟过到，也就是准时上班，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers.可知几乎每个人都认识她，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。最后一段中谈到He seemed pleased with her Chinese,故推知凯茜的汉语相当好。故选A。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解
一、阅读理解
I'm not the kind of mother who often brushes her daughter's hair, and my daughter has never liked sitting quietly long enough for me to do it.
But today, I took a chair outside and let my daughter Kitty sit on it. She was sitting high with her eyes closed, skin still wet from the shower and her messy hair behind her back. I realized she was taking in every touch from my hands. Today we would send Kitty away for a week of a summer camp. This was all my idea. She's nearly 12, and I notice that I'm with my child nearly 24 hours a day. Living on the farm without neighbours, Kitty has become increasingly dependent(依赖的) on me.
After lunch, we drove to the camp place. After we got out of the car, we were introduced to the other children. Kitty followed me closely, holding my hand all the time. "I need you for a few more minutes," she said to me, horror in her eyes.
I pulled away and walked up to a camp worker. "Excuse me," I said loudly, 'Td like to introduce you to my daughter. Maybe you could help her meet a few of these kids." He came over to talk to Kitty and I kissed on her face. Then we all disappeared before Kitty realized we had left.
On my way home, I felt a piece of my soul(灵魂) had been taken away from my body. I began to shake. Tears came down my face. When I arrived home, I calmed down and reminded myself why I chose this path. "I want Kitty to have a chance to find herself, out of my shadow(影子). If I don't set her free, I'm afraid she won't be independent(独立的) forever," I said to myself.
（1）How long would the camp last
A．5 days. B．7 days. C．12 days. D．24 days.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "taking in" mean in Paragraph(段落) 2
A．感受 B．拒绝 C．索要 D．感谢
（3）How did Kitty feel when she arrived at the camp
A．Cool. B．Excited. C．Scared. D．Tired.
（4）Which of the following about the writer is NOT true according to the passage
A．She thought it good for her girl to go camping.
B．She was willing to do everything for her girl.
C．She knew she made the right decision at last.
D．She felt sad on her way back from the camp.
（5）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Kids should not stay with their parents.
B．Kids should often go out for summer camps.
C．Parents should not give their children any help.
D．Parents should help their children to be independent.
2．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。
Babies born after 2017 may never need to take a driving lesson because of the development of self driving cars. Some scientists say that self driving or driverless cars(无人驾驶汽车)may hit the roads within 15 years, and it is possible that driving may become unnecessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.
Companies like Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars. But, if the tests are successful, these electric self driving cars could be put into use very soon. This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future. All you have to do is to type in the address!
According to Baidu, driverless technology has the following four advantages. Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. Secondly, driverless cars are more efficient(效率高的) than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules. Therefore traffic control will be easier to achieve. At last, the cost of transportation will be reduced as the labor cost becomes less.
There are many different technologies needed to make a successful self driving car. The most difficult technologies of all are environmental perception(感知), behavior prediction, planning control, HD mapping, and exact GPS.
（1）According to some scientists, driverless cars may make driving become______.
A．necessary B．difficult C．enjoyable D．boring
（2）Which of the following is NOT true about driverless cars
A．Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars.
B．This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future.
C．Driverless cars are safer than manned cars.
D．Passengers don't need to tell the cars where they want to go.
（3）The third paragraph mainly talks about the ________of driverless cars.
A．instructions B．standards C．advantages D．theories
（4）What does the underlined word “decrease” in the third paragraph mean
A．减少 B．增加 C．培养 D．建造
3．阅读理解
From my father I have learned a lot. And I'm very thankful to him. I remember when I was a child my father always got up very early, quietly putting on his clothes and going off to work. To arrive in time to open his tiny store at 8:30, he needed to leave our apartment at 6:30. After all(毕竟), he had to take a bus and then the subway. The last journey was a long walk through a neighborhood much of which was full of the smell of rubbish. I learned: it is very important to work. No excuse.
When I was 12, I would, on some Saturdays, go to my father's store to help out. After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I'd watch to make sure no one stole anything. When I noticed someone looking unusual or strange, I would look the person in the eye, smile and say, "May I help you " Usually that worked, but sometimes, someone would run off with something. The first time, Iran after the thief but my father shouted, "Martin, stop! There is no need to do that." It's true that safety is more important than money.
After 10 years of hard work, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a cheap one--he wouldn't buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money. I learned: buy only what you can afford. Buying necessary food and clothing won't make us go in debt(债务). The unnecessary things won't give us happiness, which comes from achievement(成就) only.
（1）What shop did the author's father own
A．A bookshop. B．A coffee shop.
C．A clothing shop. D．A food shop.
（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．The author ran after thieves many times.
B．The author thanked his father a lot.
C．The author's father worked very hard.
D．The author's father made some money.
（3）All the following are talked about in the passage EXCEPT
A．the importance of working
B．the good ways to keep healthy
C．that safety comes before money
D．that it's bad to spend more than you make
（4）According to the author, what usually makes people go in debt
A．To rent a house for the family. B．To send their children to school.
C．To enjoy something unnecessary. D．To buy enough food for the family.
（5）What is the passage mainly about
A．How to live a happy life.
B．What makes a person successful
C．The help the author got from his father.
D．What the author learned from his father.
4．阅读理解
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering (不开花的) plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds (种子). Fruits protect the seeds. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores (孢子). Spores are very, very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float (飘) in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴凉的) places, they usually grow into new plants.
（1）The main idea of the first paragraph is that _______.
A．plants are important for life B．plants can't grow without air
C．there are many plants in the world D．we can't live without water
（2）Plants can make food from _______.
A．flower, water and air B．water, sunlight and air
C．air, water and soil D．air, sun and light
（3）What fact does the passage lead you to believe
A．Of all living things, animals are the most important.
B．Spores are seeds.
C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds.
D．Without plants, man will die out.
（4）What will the writer probably (可能) talk about in the following paragraph
A．how plants can make food from air
B．how spores grow into new plants
C．why some plants have no seeds
D．why non-flowering plants are more important than flowering plants
（5）This passage is most likely to be taken from ________.
A．a story book B．a TV guide
C．a science magazine D．a lab (实验室) report
5．阅读理解
New York is the biggest city of the USA. A long time ago, is was called Lenapehoking. In 1626, Dutch(荷兰) people bought the land for only $24. They called it New Amsterdam. Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York.
New York had an excellent harbour(港口). Many people from all over the world came by sea and landed in New York. These people wanted a better life. New York seemed to give them that. By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States. New York City used to have five smaller towns, but now they are all part of the same city. They are Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Staten Island.
Today, New York is home to millions of people from all over the world. These different cultures make New York an exciting place to visit. There are many things to do in New York. You can take a helicopter(直升飞机) riding through the city, ride horses in Central Park，see a movie in the afternoon and watch the sunset(日落)over the Brooklyn Bridge. Don't worry if you get hungry. Some restaurants are open 24 hours a day!
（1）A long time ago, many people came to New York .
A．by train B．because it was beautiful
C．to look for a better life D．to travel
（2）New York became the largest city in the United States .
A．about three hundred years ago
B．over two hundred years ago
C．about one hundred and eighty years ago
D．one hundred years ago
（3）The writer thinks that the tourists should watch the sunset in .
A．Brooklyn B．Queens C．the Bronx D．Staten Inland
（4）Which of the following is NOT true about New York
A．The city got the name of "New York" in 1664.
B．New York is a big and exciting city.
C．New York had five smaller towns in the past.
D．Americans were the rulers of the city in the 17th century.
6．阅读理解
When I was a little girl, my family lived in the countryside. There was a beautiful river near my home. The water was clean and cool. I liked to go fishing there with my mother. We would catch fish, look for clams(蛤)and play in the water. There were also a lot of birds near the river. We would spend all day watching the birds.
Now my family live in the city. Last Sunday, my daughter asked me to take her to see the river I was always talking about. "I want to go fishing there so much with you and Grandma," she said.
When we went to the river, we only saw a factory and a mountain of waste. My mother was surprised, my daughter was disappointed, and I was sad. The river was my best friend. I grew up with it. Now there are no fish in it, and the birds have gone too. I hear them crying for help. But what can I do
（1）When the writer went back to see the river, what did she find
A．The pollution in the river was serious.
B．The river was a good place for children to play around.
C．Bird watching was more and more popular along the river.
D．There were no fish because too many people went fishing there.
（2）Who is the "Grandma" in this passage
A．The writer herself. B．The writer's mother.
C．The writer's daughter. D．The writer's grandmother.
（3）What did the writer mean when she said "I grew up with it."
A．She helped clean the river.
B．She spent much time playing around the river.
C．She had many friends who lived near the river.
D．She grew well by eating fish and clams from the river
7．阅读理解
It is over a year now since Cathy came to China. She is now living in Nanjing and has worked in a computer factory for six months. The factory is in the north of the city, and her flat is in the south. But, she has never been late for work.
Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers. After work, in the evenings they visit each other and talk about almost everything.
However, Cathy has made up her mind to leave the factory. She is going to find a job in a travel agency(旅行社). “If I work in a travel agency, I'll be able to meet more people. I can learn more about China，” she told her friends.
One day last week she had a talk with the manager of the travel agency .He seemed pleased with her Chinese. At the end of the talk, he said, “I'll give you a ring in a week and tell you the result.” Now Cathy is waiting for the answer.
（1）Cathy has been in China for________．
A．more than a year B．half a year
C．two and a half years D．two years
（2）She is ________for work.
A．always late B．always on time C．never on time D．often late
（3）Almost ________in the factory knows Cathy.
A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．none
（4）Cathy's ________must be quite good.
A．Chinese B．maths C．Japanese D．physics
答案解析部分
1．（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
短文大意：这篇短文讲的是Kitty的妈妈和女儿一直生活这一起，她发现女孩对她很依赖，于是她想让Kitty独立，把她送去参加夏令营活动的故事。母亲充满了不舍，怕女儿不能自立。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Today we would send Kitty away for a week of a summer camp. 可知夏令营是7天时间，故选B。
（2）词意猜测题。根据She was sitting high with her eyes closed, skin still wet from the shower and her messy hair behind her back. 和every touch from my hands 可知Kitty在闭着双眼感受母亲双手的抚摸，所以take in感受的意思，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 I need you for a few more minutes," she said to me, horror in her eyes. 可知Kitty很害怕，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据 I'm not the kind of mother who often brushes her daughter's hair可知母亲不愿意为女儿做任何事情。所以B选项和文章叙述不一致，故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是母亲怕Kitty对她过于依赖想要让她独立，把她送到夏令营锻炼的故事。故选D。
考查阅读理解。先阅读短文理解短文大意。然后分析问题带着问题认真阅读短文，对于细节理解题可直接从文章的语句中找出答案。对于词意猜测题要根据上下文的联系推理判断划线短语在文章的意思。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的中心思想确定。
2．（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
这篇文章介绍了正在研发的无人驾驶汽车的特点、无人驾驶技术的优点和需要解决的技术难题。
（1）细节理解题。 根据it is possible thatdriving may become not necessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.可知是更加轻松有趣的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。A. Google, Baidu, Apple andAlibaba are working on driverless cars. 谷歌、百度、苹果和阿里巴巴都在研发无人驾驶汽车。B. This kind of carsmay change our living conditions in the future.这种汽车将来可能会改变我们的生活条件。C. Driverless cars aresafer than man-controlled cars.无人驾驶汽车比人控制的汽车更安全。D. Passengers don't need to tell the carswhere they want to go.乘客不需要告诉汽车他们想去的地方。根据All you have to do is typing in the address! ，可知需要键入想去的地址，故选D。
（3）细节理解题（段落大意题）。根据According to Baidu, driverlesstechnology has the following four advantages.，可知介绍的是无人驾驶技术具有四个优点,故选C。
（4）词句猜测题。根据上文Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. 首先，无人驾驶汽车实际上更安全。下文driverless cars are more efficient(效率高的) than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules.其次，无人驾驶汽车比有人驾驶的汽车更有效。第三，无人驾驶汽车遵守交通规则。可知With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. 交通事故会减少，故选A。
考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
3．（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
本文通过作者帮忙照顾他父亲的商店的故事，主要讲述了作者从他父亲那里学到了什么。
（1）推理判断题。根据第二段After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I'd watch to make sure no one stole anything. 推理可知，作者的父亲拥有一家服装店。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The first time, I ran after the thief but my father shouted, "Martin, stop! There is no need to do that." 推理可知，作者并没有多次追小偷，“作者多次追捕小偷”的说法是不准确的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段I learned: it is very important to work.可知，选项A.工作的重要性。在文中提到了；根据第二段 It's true that safety is more important than money. 可知，选项C.安全先于金钱。在文中提到了；根据第三段After 10 years of hard work, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a cheap one--he wouldn't buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money.可知，选项D.花得比挣得多是不好的。在文中提到了。而选项B.保持健康的好方法。在文中未提到。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Buying necessary food and clothing won't make us go in debt(债务). The unnecessary things won't give us happiness, which comes from achievement only.
推理可知，通常享受不必要的东西会让人负债。故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了作者从他父亲那里学到了什么。故选D。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再仔细检查一遍，确保答案正确无误。
4．（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
文章大意：本文主要讲述了关于植物的科普知识。
（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段Plants are very important living things.可知，第一段说明了植物对生命很重要。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. 可知，植物可以从水、阳光和空气中制造食物。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据 So animals and man need plants in order to live.推理可知，没有植物，人类将会灭绝。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴凉的) places, they usually grow into new plants.推理可知，在接下来的段落中，作者可能会谈论孢子如何长成新植物的。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据文章全文内容，本文主要讲述了关于植物的科普知识，推理可知，这篇文章最有可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
5．（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
文章大意：本文主要介绍了美国最大的城市——纽约市。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 Many people from all over the world came by sea and landed in New York. These people wanted a better life. 可知，很久以前，许多人来到纽约是为了寻找更好的生活。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States.和现在2020年可知，大约180年前，纽约成为美国最大的城市。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 You can take a helicopter(直升飞机) riding through the city, ride horses in Central Park，see a movie in the afternoon and watch the sunset(日落)over the Brooklyn Bridge. 可知，作者认为游客应该去布鲁克林看日落。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York. 可知，选项A的论述正确；根据 By 1835, New York became the largest city in the United States. 和 These different cultures make New York an exciting place to visit. 可知，选项B的论述正确；根据New York City used to have five smaller towns, but now they are all part of the same city.可知，选项C的论述正确；根据Then in 1664, the British took it over and changed the name to New York.可知，英国人是17世纪纽约市的统治者，说“美国人是17世纪这座城市的统治者”是不正确的。故选D。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
6．（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
文章大意：这篇文章讲述了作者小时候生活在一个小村庄，那里有一条小河，伴着她成长，给作者带去了很多欢乐，如今，小河完全被工厂污染了，作者非常伤心。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第三段When we went to the river, we only saw a factory and a mountain of garbage。可知，作者回去看小河的时候，只看到了一个工厂和大量的垃圾，也就是说，这条河的污染很严重。故选A。
（2）推理判断题 。根据文章第二段 Last Sunday, my daughter asked me to take her to see the river I was always talking about. 推理可知，文章中的奶奶是作者女儿的奶奶，作者的妈妈。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。通读文章全文可知，作者小的时候经常在河边玩耍，小河伴随着她的成长，给了她很多欢乐，当作者说“我是和它一起长大的”的意思是她花了很多时间在河边玩耍。故选B。
考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
7．（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
文章大意：凯茜来中国已经一年多了。她现在住在南京，在一家计算机厂工作了六个月。工厂在城市的北部，她的公寓在南部。但她上班从不迟到。下班后，晚上他们互相拜访，谈论几乎所有的事情。然而，凯西已经决定离开工厂。她将在一家旅行社（旅行社）找到一份工作。“如果我在旅行社工作，我就能结识更多的人。”现在凯西正在等待答案。
（1）细节理解题。根据 It is over a year now since Cathy came to China. 可知凯茜来中国已经一年多了。over=morethan，超过，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据she has never been late for work.可知他上班从未迟过到，也就是准时上班，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers.可知几乎每个人都认识她，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。最后一段中谈到He seemed pleased with her Chinese,故推知凯茜的汉语相当好。故选A。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。