Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth. Section A 4a-4c 课件【人教2024秋九全英语】

(共55张PPT)
（人教新目标版）九年级全
Period 3 Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4c
Unit 13
We’re trying to save the earth!
Learning objectives
Key words & phrases：
afford
take part in，turn off，pay for，take action
Key Sentences：
1．We are trying to save the earth.
2．The river used to be so clean.
3．The air is badly polluted.
4．To cut down air pollution，we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
5．No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.
6．You should take your own bags when you go shopping.
Key Grammar：
Review present progressive tense，used to，passive voice，present perfect tense and modal verbs.
take part in
e.g. I have taken part in an environmental project.
我参加了一个环保项目。
参加
afford
e.g. We can't afford to wait any longer to take action.
我们不能再等了，要采取行动了。
v. 承担得起（后果）；买得起
take action
采取行动
New words
turn off
e.g. Pay for plastic bags in some stores.
关掉
pay for
付费；付出代价
e.g. Turn off the lights when you leave a room.
New words
e.g. Use public transportation.
reusable
adj. 可重复使用的；可再次使用的
transportation
n. 运输业；交通运输
e.g. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags.
New words
The river used to be so clean.
Now, it is badly polluted.
Let's read the sentences and pay attention to the words in red.
Lead in
No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. Therefore, we should help save the sharks.
Now, we're taking actions to save the sharks.
Lead in
Grammar Focus
Present progressive
used to
Passive voice
Present perfect
Modal verbs
Let's revise them one by one.
1. The river used to be so clean.
2. Now, it is badly polluted.
3. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.
4. Therefore, we should help save the sharks.
5. Now, we're taking actions to save the sharks.
Presentation
Present progressive 现在进行时
现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。
Listen! The dog is barking.
听，那只狗在叫。
1. 表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。
I am trying to find a job these days.
这些天我在努力找工作。
2. 表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时可能没有进行的动作。
常带有表示目前时刻的时间状语, 如：now, at the (very) moment, at present 及Look! Listen! ...
现在进行时基本结构
① 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + V-ing...
② 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + not + V-ing...
③ 疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + V-ing...
V-ing变化规则
① 一般情况下，动词后直接加-ing
work-working buy-buying
②以不发音e结尾的动词，去掉e，加-ing
take – taking have — having
③重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，然后加-ing
stop-stopping shop-shopping
Presentation
表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。
now, at the moment, at present及Look! Listen!
现在
进行时
肯定句：主语 + be + V-ing+其他.
否定句：主语 + be not + V-ing+其他.
一般疑问句：Is/Am/Are + 主语+ V-ing …
肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+is/am/are.
否定回答为：No, 主语+isn't/am not/aren't.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
结构
定义
标志词
Summary
1. “Things in our life are all about math. Hey, may I have a look at what you ___________(hide)”
2. Look! My sister ________ the table. Let's give her a hand.
A. set B. sets C. is setting D. was setting
are hiding
Practice
3. Some students __________ Taiji over there.
Let's go and join them.
A. play B. played
C. are playing D. were playing
4. —Sorry, I can't hear you clearly. I ________ a football match.
—OK. I'll ring you up later.
A. watch B. watched
C. am watching D. was watching
Practice
5. Look! Our Chinese teacher ______ a talk in the meeting room.
A. gave B. is giving C. gives
6. —What's that noise, Tom
—Oh, some children ________ in the yard.
A. play B. are playing
C. played D. will play
Practice
I have seen the film three times.
那部电影我看了三遍。
1.表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
I'm not hungry, thanks. I've already had dinner.
我现在不饿，多谢。我吃过饭了。
2.动作发生在过去，强调对现在的结果、影响等。
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。
Present perfect 现在完成时
Presentation
① We haven't seen each other since ten years ago.
② I've been an English teacher for about 20 years.
3.表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，句中使用持续性动词，且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。
我们已经十年没见面了。
我当英语老师已经20年了。
Presentation
动词过去分词规则变化:
① 一般情况下，动词后直接加-ed
work-worked play-played
②以不发音e结尾的动词，只加-d
close – closed waste—wasted
③重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，然后加-ed
stop-stopped drop—dropped
④ 以"辅音字母 +y"结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加-ed。
study-studied try—tried
Presentation
Verb Past Tense Past Participle
cut cut cut
let let let
put put put
read read read
Verb Past Tense Past Participle
have had had
make made made
spend spent spent
tell told told
A-B-B型(动词过去式、过去分词都同形)
Verb Past Tense Past Participle
do did done
be was/were been
go went gone
see saw seen
A-B-C型
(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都不同形)
动词过去分词不规则变化见课本P184，这些表格可帮助记忆。
A-A-A型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都同形)
表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。
already, yet, ever, never, so far, for+时间段, since+时间点/从句
现在
完成时
肯定句：主语 + have/has + V-ed + 其他.
否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't + V-ed + 其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + V-ed + …？
肯定答语：Yes, 主语 + have/has.
否定答语：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
结构
定义
标志词
Summary
一般过去时 vs 现在完成时
① When I was a child, I lived in Beijing.
② I have just had my lunch.
我小时候住在北京。
我刚吃过午饭。（现在不饿）
一般过去时单纯描述过去发生的动作。
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的
动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。
Presentation
他离开上海已经3天了。
1. He has left Shanghai for three days.
2. He Shanghai for three days.
3. It three days since he left Shanghai.
4. Three days since he left Shanghai.
5. He Shanghai three days ago.
has been away from
is/has been
has passed
left
短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或how long等状语连用。
短暂性动词
Presentation
played
1. Alex _____ tea culture since he came to China in 2010.
A. studies B. studied
C. has studied D. was studying
2. Yet, technology is developing rapidly, and some other ways of online communication, such as WeChat in China, have _________(play) a more important part than email.
Practice
3. This book must be great. My sister ________ it five times.
A. reads B. has read
C. is reading D. was reading
4. —Who will talk about the development of American country music next week
—I suggest Brad. He ________ in Nashville, the home of country music, since he was a child.
A. lives B. lived
C. has lived D. will live
Practice
5. — ________ you ________ about Naxi Ancient Music yet
—Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture.
A. Has; heard B. Have; heard
C. Did; hear D. Do; hear
6. —Becky, we're leaving in several minutes. Are you ready
—No, I ________ my clothes yet.
A. have packed B. haven't packed C. didn't pack
Practice
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，被动语态由"be + V-ed"构成。be随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化。
Paper is made from wood.
1. 强调动作的承受者，不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。
Football is played in many schools.
Passive voice 被动语态
许多学校都踢足球。
纸是木材做的。
Presentation
2. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。
The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.
该计划得到了那些希望有更多机会讲英语的人的支持。
Presentation
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者
谓语动词 be (not) + V-ed
被动
语态
肯定句：
主语 + be + V-ed (+ by…).
否定句：
主语 + be + not + V-ed (+by…).
一般疑问句：
Be + 主语 + V-ed (+by…)
特殊疑问句：
疑问词 + be + 主语 + V-ed (+by…)
结构
定义
构成
Summary
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + V-ed
一般过去时 did was/were + V-ed
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to + do will/shall/be going to + be + V-ed
现在完成时 have/has done have/has + been V-ed
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are + being V-ed
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were + being V-ed
Summary
1. Emma got excited when her writing ___ as a model in class.
A. read B. read C. is read D. was read
2. “Do your first fold”, she ordered, and Alex did what he ___________(ask) to do.
was asked
Practice
3. Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ______ into school.
A. introduce
B. introduced
C. are introduced
D. were introduced
Practice
4. Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
A. provides B. provided
C. is provided D. was provided
5. The panda Ya Ya ________ back to China on April 27th, 2023.
A. is brought B. was brought C. will be brought
Practice
used to, "过去常常"，后面接动词原形，用来表示过去曾经的习惯或常有的行为而现在不再有。
构成
肯定句：
否定句：
一般疑问句：
used to
主语 +used to + 动词原形
主语 + didn't use to…
Did+主语+use to do sth.
The river used to be so clean.
The river didn't use to be so clean.
Did the river use to be so clean
Yes, it did./No, it didn't.
Presentation
拓展
be used to do
be/get used to sth./doing sth.
1. We're used to the noise from the traffic now.
2. I'm/I get used to getting up early.
现在我们已经适应车辆往来的噪音了。
我习惯早起。
习惯于……，适应于……
用来做……
1. It cannot be used to bond wood to metal.
2. The large basket is used to tidy toys away.
这不能把木料粘贴在金属上。
大篮子用来装玩具。
Presentation
◎ My grandfather used to _________ TV at home
after dinner, but now he is used to _________
out for a walk.
A. watch; go B. watch; going
C. watching; go
Practice
完成句子。
1. 我不习惯午饭吃那么多。
I _____________ eating so much at lunchtime.
2. 人们曾经认为地球是平的。
People _______ think the earth was flat.
3. 这种药用于降血压。
This drug __________ lower blood pressure.
am not used to
used to
is used to
Practice
情态动词用来表示能力、应该、请求、推测等, 后接动词原形。情态动词(除have to以外)没有人称和数的变化。
Modal verbs
Presentation
1) — ________ your Australian friend eat with chopsticks
— Yes, but she can't use them well.
A. Should B. Need C. Can D. Must
2) — Could your father play golf when he was young
— No, he ________. But he ________ play table tennis.
A. couldn't; could B. needn't; might
C. mustn't; should D. shouldn't; need
1.表示"能力"的情态动词。
【考点点拨】
情态动词can表示"能力"时，与be able to同义，其否定形式为can't。can表示现在的能力，其过去式could表示过去的能力。
Presentation
1) — ____ we to finish our homework before noon
— Yes, you ________.
A. Need; can B. Have; do
C. Ought; ought to D. Should; must
2) You ______ study hard if you want to be a scientist in the future.
A. may B. should
C. would D. could
2.表示"应该"的情态动词。
【考点点拨】情态动词should和ought to都可表示"应该"，但should侧重说话者主观的看法，而ought to更侧重客观情况。should的否定形式为shouldn't，ought to的否定形式为oughtn't to或ought not to。
Presentation
1) — ________ I borrow your maths book
— Sure. Here you are.
A. Need B. Will C. May D. Must
2) — Could I use your dictionary for a while
— Yes, of course you ________.
A. could B. can C. will D. should
3.表示"请求；许可"的情态动词及其回答。
【考点点拨】情态动词may和can，could都可表示"请求；许可"。may比can正式，could在表示"请求；许可" 时，语气更委婉。
当"May / Can / Could I …"表示"请求；许可"时，肯定回答常用"Yes, please." / "Certainly."等，否定回答常用"No, you can't / mustn't."等。
Presentation
1) — I saw Lily in the supermarket this morning.
— Oh, it _____ her. She moved to Australia the day before yesterday.
A. can be B. must be C. can't be D. mustn't be
2) After a long walk, the children ____ be very tired now.
A. will B. must C. have to D. can
3) John _____ go with us tomorrow, but he isn't sure.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
4. 表示"推测"的情态动词。
【考点点拨】
★may, can, must都可表"推测"，三者的可能性依次递增。
★may和must表"推测"常用于肯定句中，can表"推测"常用于否定句和疑问句中。
Presentation
5. 表示"必须"的情态动词。
1) Jim, you ___ play with the knife. You ___ hurt yourself.
A. won't; can't B. mustn't; may
C. shouldn't; must D. can't; shouldn't
2) — Must I get up before six o'clock tomorrow morning
— No, you ____. Tomorrow is Saturday. You may get up a little later.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
★must意为"必须"，强调主观看法。对must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用"must"，否定回答常用needn't或don't have to。mustn't意为"一定不要；禁止"。
Presentation
3) — _____ I have to hand in my homework now, Mr Zhang
— Yes, you do.
A. Do B. Can C. May D. Must
4) It's too late. We ____ go home, or we'll be blamed
(责备).
A. can B. may C. might D. have to
★have to意为"不得不；必须"，强调客观情况下需要做某事，有人称、数和时态的变化，变否定句和疑问句时需要借助助动词完成句型的变化。
Presentation
5) You _______ write the poem down. Our
teacher will give us a copy.
A. can't B. shouldn't
C. needn't D. mustn't
★need作情态动词，意为"需要"，后接动词原形，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
Presentation
6. would
1. Would you mind leaving us alone for a few minutes
2. Would you open the door for me, please
你不介意让我们单独待一会吧？
请你给我开门好吗？
★would作情态动词，意为"愿意"，表示客气地请求、建议或者邀请等，多用于疑问句。
Presentation
1.—Look! Is that girl Alice
—No, it ____ be her. She is on a tour in Beijing NOW.
A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't
2. —Excuse me. How ____ I get to Ditan Park
—Go along this road, and you can't miss it.
A. can B. must
C. may D. need
Practice
3.—May I swim in the river
—No. You ________ keep away from the river. The sign says “No Swimming”.
A．must B．mustn't C．need D．can't
4. —Students ________ listen to music while they are riding bikes on the road.
—I agree with you. It's too dangerous.
A．don't have to B．may not
C．mustn't D．needn't
Practice
5. —Is Tony coming to the book show this Sunday
—I'm not sure. He ________ not come.
A．may B．should C．must D．need
6.—Does the sports watch belong to Mary
—It ________ be hers. She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.
A．can't B．must C．might D．could
Practice
7.Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.
A．should B．can C．may D．need
8. When you have fixed this type of lock, you ________ take a key with you. You can open the door with your fingerprint.
A．shouldn't B．needn't
C．mustn't D．can't
Practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Have
taken
helped
considered
had
had
took
think
came
trying
wait
4a
P100
Joe: _____ you ever _____ (take) part in an environmental project
Ken: Yes, I have. I ______(help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was __________(consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ____ ever ____(have).
Joe: How many people ____ (take) part
Ken: I _____ (think) more than 1,000 people _____ (come) to help out.
Joe: That's fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is ______(try) to improve the environment.
Ken: Yes, we can't afford to ____ (wait) any longer to take action!
Practice
4b
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.
People __________ think that big things ___________ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _______________ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _______________ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think it's a great idea that you now _______ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _______________ ride your bike or walk. If it's far, you ________ take the bus. All these small things __________ add up and become big things that _______________ improve the environment. Let's take action now!
P100
may/might
must/have to
can/should/could
have to
can/could
would/can/could
can/should/could
can/should/could
can/could
can
would could
have to
should
must
may/might
Practice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
4c
Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.
use public transportation
I think that everyone should use public transportation.
I disagree. It's difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation…
ride a bike or walk
turn off the lights when leaving
use reusable bags...
P100
Practice
Can you master the use of The Present Continuous Tense, passive voice, Present Perfect, used to and Modal Verbs
Self-evaluation
Write down the things that people can do to help the environment, using The Present Continuous Tense, passive voice, Present Perfect, used to and Modal Verbs as possible as you can.
Homework