2024-2025学年外研版（2024）七年级英语上册寒假查漏补缺20天小练笔之第七天（含答案+解析）

2024-2025学年外研版（2024）七年级英语上册寒假
查漏补缺20天小练笔之第七天
一、语法选择
从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
"How many things dad knows about!" said Nelly to 1． mother one day. "He always reads books. I wish I could read those big books, and I learn all about everything!"
"People do not learn everything 2． books, Nelly," her mother replied. "There are many lessons which 3． in nature instead of books."
Nelly did not know what her mother meant, for she 4． that wise people got all their knowledge from books.
"There are many things you may learn in the garden." said her mother. "You have only to keep your eyes open, and the flowers and the trees will all tell you the story of their 5． ."
" 6． you want to know which flowers come out in the early spring, and which ones wait for the warm summer days, you only need to watch for their coming."
"You do not need books 7． you know how the leaves of the apple-blossom fall off, and how lower part of the blossom grows into 8． little green apple. You can see it growing day by day if you care to see."
"Nature's storybook is also a lesson book. You may read many easy and useful lessons there, which will help to remind you of what you should do. Did you ever notice the ants at work 9． busy they are! Each one has his own work to do in making their lives more comfortable."
"I like nature's storybook, mom," said Nelly. "I think it is a 10． book to read from than dad's books."
1．A． she B． her C． hers
2．A． from B． about C． at
3．A． found B． are found C． were found
4．A． thinks B． is thinking C． thought
5．A． A life B． lifes C． lives
6．A． If B． Although C． Because
7．A． tell B． tells C． to tell
8．A． a B． an C． the
9．A． How B． What C． What a
10．A． pleasant B． more pleasant C． most pleasant
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。
Jing Haipeng has become the first Chinese astronaut to go into space for the 11． time, as he was chosen to be the commander(指挥官) of the Shenzhou-16 manned space mission.
Jing Haipeng, born in 1966, has visited space more 12． than any other Chinese astronaut."As an astronaut, it is our main 13． to go to space,"he told the press.
The experienced astronaut 14． the nation's attention in September 2008. He was 15． as one of three crew members for the Shenzhou-7 mission and traveled in space for more than two days. The crew completed China's first spacewalk.
In June 2012, Jing 16． the commander of the Shenzhou-9 mission. He worked with Liu Wang and Liu Yang in 17． for 13 days, completing China's first manned space docking.
In October 2016, Jing was chosen as the commander of the Shenzhou-11 mission. He and Chen Dong 18． 33 days in space.
In May 2023, Jing returned to space as the commander of Shenzhou-16.
Born in a village in north China's Shanxi Province, Jing first showed a(n) 19． in aviation when he was a teenager and found inspiration from a picture of a 20． .
Jing took part in an aviation exam in 1984, 21． failed because of"physical reasons". But he did not 22． . The following year, he entered an aviation school. After graduation, he was relocated to a training base in Jiangsu Province. He had clocked(达到)1,200 hours of 23． fight time while working as a pilot.
Jing believes that life is made up of 24． dreams at different stages of time."We should 25． goals one after another, and work hard to realize our dreams,"he said.
11．A． first B． second C． third D． fourth
12．A． prices B． ways C． times D． stories
13．A． duty B． idea C． way D． step
14．A． caught B． took C． brought D． broke
15．A． found B． chosen C． asked D． met
16．A． introduced B． guided C． became D． served
17．A． space B． air C． room D． condition
18．A． carried B． used C． left D． spent
19．A． hobby B． custom C． interest D． respect
20．A． director B． writer C． teacher D． pilot
21．A． so B． because C． if D． but
22．A． give up B． give off C． give away D． give back
23．A． safe B． comfortable C． nervous D． easy
24．A． same B． different C． dangerous D． lifelong
25．A． look for B． set up C． look up D． set out
三、单词拼写
B）根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Spring Equinox, also known as Chunfen in China, is an important solar term in the Chinese calendar. It usually falls on 　26． 　(三月) 20th or 21st each year. After Spring Equinox, the nights get shorter, and the sun　27． 　(升起) earlier. Followed by 　28． 　(百) of flowers, Spring Equinox announces the end of the cold period.
Farmers see Spring Equinox as the beginning of farm work in the new year. They become　29． 　(繁忙的) from that day on. They start working on their crops, like　30． 　(挖) and watering. Nature lovers can't wait to have an outing for fresh air,　31． 　(尤其) the ones in cities.
Nobody can　32． 　(拒绝) various folk customs. Hoping for good luck, some people try to make　33． 　(鸡蛋) stand on the table on the day of Spring Equinox.
　34． 　(在……期间) this time, families come together to prepare traditional food such as spring rolls.
Spring Equinox is a time of balance, renewal and change, making it an opportunity to set new goals. It 　35． 　(允许) us to appreciate the beauty of nature and the joy of life.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下列两篇短文，按要求回答问题。
Zheng He was a famous Chinese explorer（探险家）. In 1405, he set off ① China on the first of seven great voyages （航行）. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America. His travels were so important that they are still studied today.
Zheng He was born in Yunnan in 1371. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The emperor ordered Zheng He to visit and explore the lands ② China.
His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes（路线）with foreign countries. In a few years, he built a great fleet of ships, the biggest in the world at that time. The ships were known as treasure ships. ③They were big enough to carry 25, 000 people as well as a large number of goods （货物）.
From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited South—East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa. It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. These voyages allowed China to trade valuable goods like gold, silver and silk. At the end of each voyage, Zheng He returned with many things that were seen in China for the first time, such as a giraffe from Africa. Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies. They helped the development of those countries and regions （地区）.
Zheng He died in 1433 during his last voyage. However, his voyages were such a huge achievement that people still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts （联系）between different peoples around the world.
36．在文中 ①和②的空白处填入适当的单词　 　：　 　
37．回答问题 Why did the emperor ask Zheng He to voyage
38．将文中画线部分③译成汉语：
39．Why do people say that Zheng He's voyages were such a huge achievement
40．What do people think of Zheng He
五、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Bill Smith is an 80-year-old man. He lives with his brother Bob Smith in Texas, America. In his free time, he likes making things and helping others. There are many stray (流浪的) dogs in the street, so Bill wants to help them.
The brothers find nine dogs. The dogs always have no food to eat, so they are not healthy. Then they let these nine dogs live with them and eat with them.
"Everyone needs a little fun in life. Stray dogs need it, too," Bill Smith says. "I think it must be very interesting for them to travel by train."
So Bill and his brother buy some old buckets(桶子)and make a dog train. It is very long. The dogs are happy to see the train, and Bill Smith takes them on trips by train every week.
"These dogs don't have families, but they are lucky to have a good time with us now. I'm very happy to be with them, too," Bill says.
41．What does Bill Smith like doing in his free time
A．Making things: B．Helping animals.
C．Cooking healthy food. D．Looking for old buckets.
42．What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Food B．Fun. C．Health. D．Money.
43．Which is the right order(顺序)of the things the brothers do
①They live with nine stray dogs. ②They decide to help stray dogs.
③The dogs have train trips every week. ④They buy some buckets for the dogs.
A．①④②③ B．①②③④ C．②①④③ D．②③①④
44．What's the best title for this passage
A．Happy dogs' train trips
B．Bill Smith and his brother
C．Nine stray dogs in the street
D．The brothers and stray dogs
答案解析部分
1．B；2．A；3．B；4．C；5．C；6．A；7．C；8．A；9．A；10．B
本文主要讲述了Nelly的妈妈告诉Nelly要学会观察自然，从大自然中获取知识的故事。
考查语法选择。首先要通读全文，了解大意。文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容，千万不要看一句做一句；其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等；答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否用词得当，流畅通顺。
1．"爸爸知道多少事情啊！"有一天，Nelly对妈妈说。A她，人称代词主格；B她的，形容词性物主代词；C她的，名词性物主代词。根据"mother"可知，此处需填形容词物主代词，作定语，修饰mother。故选B。
2．"人们不是从书中学习所有东西，Nelly，"她的母亲回答说。A从；B关于；C在。根据"learn everything...books"可知，learn...from...表示"从……中学习……"。故选A。
3．有许多经验是从大自然中被发现的，而不是书本中。A发现，find的过去分词和过去式；B一般现在时被动语态；C一般过去时被动语态。根据"There are many lessons which...in nature instead of books."可知，此处是许多经验被发现，"many lessons"与"find"之间为被动关系，时态为一般现在时，主语为many lessons，空处需填"are+过去分词"。故选B。
4．Nelly不明白她母亲的意思，因为她认为聪明人的知识都来自书本。A为think的第三人称单数；B现在进行时；C为think的过去分词和过去式。根据"Nelly did not know what her mother meant, for she...that wise people got all their knowledge from books."可知，前句时态为一般过去时，for为并列连词，表原因，后句时态为一般过去时，空处需填动词过去式。故选C。
5．你只要睁大眼睛，花朵和树木都会告诉你它们的生活故事。A生活，名词；B（错误拼写）；C为life的复数形式。根据"their"可知，此处是它们的生活，空处需填名词复数，lives为life的复数形式。故选C。
6．如果你想知道哪些花在早春开，哪些花在等待温暖的夏日，你只需要观察它们的到来。A如果，引导条件状语从句；B尽管，引导让步状语从句；C因为，引导原因状语从句。根据"...you want to know which flowers come out in the early spring, and which ones wait for the warm summer days, you only need to watch for their coming."可知，前半句为后半句的条件，用if"如果"符合语境。故选A。
7．你不需要书来告诉你苹果花的叶子是如何脱落的，花的下部是如何长成一个小绿苹果的。A告诉，动词；B为动词tell的第三人称单数；C动词不定式。根据"You do not need books..."可知，need sth to do sth表示"需要……做某事"，空处需填"不定式to+动词原形"。故选C。
8．你不需要书来告诉你苹果花的叶子是如何脱落的，花的下部是如何长成一个小绿苹果的。A一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于首字母发音为辅音音素的单词前；B一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于首字母发音为元音音素的单词前；C这个/那个，定冠词，表特指。根据"...how lower part of the blossom grows into...little green apple."可知，花的下部是如何长成一个小绿苹果的，此处为泛指，空处需填不定冠词，little首字母发音为辅音音素，其前需用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。
9．它们多忙啊！A怎样，疑问副词；B什么，疑问代词；C项What a（后接名词单数）。根据"...busy they are!"可知，句子为感叹句，中心词为形容词busy应用"How+形容词+主语+谓语"的结构。故选A。
10．我认为这是一本比父亲的书更令人愉快的书。A令人愉快的，形容词；B为pleasant的比较级；C为pleasant的最高级。根据"...than dad's books."可知，空处需填比较级。故选B。
11．D；12．C；13．A；14．A；15．B；16．C；17．A；18．D；19．C；20．D；21．D；22．A；23．A；24．B；25．B
文章大意：文章主要是讲述了航天员景海鹏的事迹。
考查完形填空。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读—遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
11．景海鹏成为中国首位第四次进入太空的宇航员。A.first第一；B.second第二；C.third第三；D.fourth第四。根据语境"Jing Haipeng, born in 1966, has visited space more...than any other Chinese astronaut."以及提到的时间可知，这是他第四次踏入太空，故选D。
12．景海鹏出生于1966年，是访问太空次数最多的中国宇航员。A.prices价格；B.ways方式；C.times次数；D.stories故事。根据语境"...has visited space more times than any other Chinese astronaut"可知，此处意指比其他宇航员更多次进入太空，故选C。
13．作为一名宇航员，进入太空是我们的主要职责。A.duty责任；B.idea想法；C.way方式；D.step步骤。根据语境"As an astronaut, it is our main...to go to space"可知，此处应指"责任"，故选A。
14．这位经验丰富的宇航员在2008年9月引起了全国的关注。A.caught抓住；B.took拿；C.brought买；D.broke打破。根据语境"The experienced astronaut...the nation's attention"可知，此处指的是吸引眼球，引起关注，用caught，故选A。
15．他被选为神舟七号任务的三名机组成员之一，在太空旅行了两天多。A.found找到，发现；B.chosen选择；C.asked询问；D.met遇见。根据后文语境"Jing was chosen as the commander of the Shenzhou-11 mission"可知，此处应指"被选为"，故选B。
16．2012年6月，景海鹏成为神舟九号任务的指挥官。A.introduced介绍；B.guided带领，引导；C.became变成；D.served服务。根据语境"...the commander of the Shenzhou-9 mission"可知，此处应指"成为，变成"，故选C。
17．他与刘旺、刘洋在太空工作了13天，完成了中国首次载人航天对接。A.space太空；B.air空气；C.room房间；D.condition条件。根据语境"...33 days in space"可知，此处表示在太空呆了13天，故选A。
18．他和陈冬在太空中度过了33天。A.carried携带；B.used使用；C.left离开；D.spent度过。根据语境"He and Chen Dong...33 days in space."可知，此处应是"度过"，故选D。
19．他出生在中国北部山西省的一个村庄，十几岁时就对航空产生了兴趣，并从一张飞行员的照片中获得了灵感。A.hobby爱好；B.custom习俗；C.interest兴趣；D.respect尊重。根据句子结构分析，此处应是"show an interest in，对……表现出兴趣，固定搭配"，故选C。
20．他出生在中国北部山西省的一个村庄，十几岁时就对航空产生了兴趣，并从一张飞行员的照片中获得了灵感。A.director指挥官；B.writer作者；C.teacher老师；D.pilot飞行员。根据后文语境"while working as a pilot"可知，此处应是对飞行感兴趣。故选D。
21．1984年，景海鹏参加了一次航空考试，但由于"身体原因"而失败。A.so因此；B.because因为；C.if如果；D.but但是。根据语境"Jing took part in an aviation exam in 1984,...failed because of"physical reasons"."可知，此处表示转折，用but，故选D。
22．但是他没有放弃。A.give up放弃；B.give off放出；C.give away捐赠；D.give back归还。根据后文语境"The following year, he entered an aviation school."可知，他并没有放弃进入航空学校，故选A。
23．作为一名飞行员，他有1200小时的安全飞行时间。A.safe安全的；B.comfortable舒适的；C.nervous紧张的；D.easy简单的。由常识可知，安全飞行时间是评定优秀飞行员的标准。safe flight time意为"安全飞行时间"。故选A
24．景海鹏认为，人生是由不同阶段的不同梦想组成的。A.same相同的；B.different不同的；C.dangerous危险的；D.lifelong终生的。根据语境"...dreams at different stages of time"可知，此处应是"不同的"，故选B。
25．他说:"我们应该一个接一个地设定目标，并努力实现我们的梦想。"A.look for寻找；B.set up建立；C.look up查阅；D.set out出发。根据语境"We should....goals one after another"可知，此处应是"设定，设立"目标，故选B。
26．March；27．rises；28．hundreds；29．busy；30．digging；31．especially；32．refuse；33．eggs；34．During；35．allows
大意：文章介绍了二十四节气之一——春分的习俗。
考查单词拼写。首先快速阅读句子，掌握大意，再结合提示中文，根据句子结构、时态等填写单词的正确形式；最后带着答案快速再阅读一遍，进行复查。
26．通常在每年的 3 月 20 日或 21 日。三月，专有名词March。故答案为：March。
27．春分过后，夜晚变短，日出提前。升起，动词rise。根据 the nights get shorter 夜晚变短，可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语the sun为单数，谓语应用动词三单形式rises。故答案为：rises。
28．在百花争艳之后，春分宣告寒冷期的结束。百，可数名词hundred。根据空格后介词of，可知为短语hundreds of"成百上千的"。故答案为：hundreds。
29．从那天起，他们就开始忙碌起来。繁忙的，形容词busy，作表语。故答案为：busy。
30．他们开始侍弄庄稼，比如挖地、浇水。挖，动词dig，根据空格前介词like，可知应填动名词形式digging。故答案为：digging。
31．热爱大自然的人们总是迫不及待地想出去呼吸新鲜空气，尤其是城市里的人们。尤其，副词especially，作状语。故答案为：especially。
32．没有人可以拒绝各种民间习俗。拒绝，动词refuse，情态动词can后用动词原形。故答案为：refuse。
33．为了祈求好运，有些人会在春分这天让鸡蛋立在桌子上。鸡蛋，可数名词egg，根据空格前无不定冠词及one等单数限制，可知应填复数形式eggs。故答案为：eggs。
34．在此期间，家人会聚在一起准备春卷等传统食物。 在……期间) ，介词during，句首单词首字母需大写。故答案为：During。
35．它让我们领略到大自然的美丽和生活的乐趣。允许，动词allow，根据文章时态为一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，可知谓语应用动词三单形式allows。故答案为：allows。
36．from；outside
37．Because the emperor wanted Zheng He to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.
38．它们足够大到能够承载25,000个人和很多货物。
39．Because Zheng He's voyages developed trade, and also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.
40．People still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.
这篇短文主要讲述了中国著名的探险家郑和的故事，他带领舰队七次航行，加强了与中国以外的交流和贸易，也促进了文化的交流与发展，意义重大。
考查任务型阅读。阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性也用较高的要求。
36．考查介词。根据后面This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America.郑和的航行比哥伦布首次航行早了100年。由此可知，此处指的是1405年，郑和从中国出发，开始了七次伟大航行中的第一次。表示从……，要用介词from。根据后面His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.郑和的使命是与外国发展关系，建立贸易路线。由此可知，此处指的是“皇帝命令郑和访问并探索中国以外的土地”。表示在……外面，要用介词outside。故填：from；outside。
37．细节题。根据第三段 His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.可知，皇帝派郑和航行是想要郑和与外国发展关系，建立贸易路线。故填：Because the emperor wanted Zheng He to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries。
38．英泽汉。固定句型...big enough to do sth.足够大，能够做某事，carry 25,000 people运载2万5千人，as well as还有，a large number of goods许多货物。由此可知，它们足够大到能够承载25,000个人和很多货物。故填：它们足够大到能够承载25,000个人和很多货物。
39．细节题。根据第四段Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.除了发展贸易，这些航行还鼓励了文化和技术的交流。可知，人们认为郑和航行取得这么大的成就是因为他的航行发展了贸易，还鼓励了文化和技术的交流。故填：Because Zheng He's voyages developed trade, and also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies。
40．细节题。根据最后一段 However, his voyages were such a huge achievement that people still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.可知， 人们仍然记得他是开创世界各地不同的民族之间文化联系的先驱。故填：People still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between peoples around the world。
41．A
42．B
43．C
44．D
本文讲述了比尔·史密斯和他的哥哥照顾流浪狗，带着它们去旅行的故事。
考查阅读理解，注意关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。
41．细节理解题。根据In his free time, he likes making things，可知比尔·史密斯在业余时间喜欢制作东西，故选A。
42．代词指代题。根据Everyone needs a little fun in life. Stray dogs need it, too每个人的生活都需要一点乐趣。流浪狗也需要它，可知it指代fun，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据ill Smith wants to help them."可知，他们想要帮助流浪狗；根据"First, Bill Smith and his brother find nine dogs."可知，刚开始，他们找到了九只狗；根据"So Bill Smith and his brother buy some old buckets (桶子) and make a dog train."可知，他们买了一些旧桶，然后做了一辆狗拉的雪橇。以及Bill Smith takes them on trips by train every week，可知狗每周都有火车旅行，因此正确的顺序为：②①④③，故选C。
44．标题选择题。根据"The dogs are happy to see the train, and Bill Smith takes them on trips by train every week"和"‘These dogs don't have families, but they are lucky to have a good time with us now. I'm very happy to be with them, too.' Bill Smith says."可知，本文讲述了比尔·史密斯和他的哥哥帮助流浪狗的故事，这些狗是幸运的，所以A项"兄弟俩和幸运的流浪狗"符合。故选D。