2025年广东省广州市中考英语二轮复习题型突破课件：题型四 阅读填空

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题型四
阅读填空
纵观历年的中考题可以看出，阅读填空题主要考查学生在获取信
息、处理信息的基础上的语篇补全能力。此题型要求考生既能准确掌
握作者的写作意图和观点，有效区分论点与论据，又能深刻把握文章
的写作结构和脉络层次。
近三年的阅读填空题在语篇类型上主要以议论文为主，说明文为
辅；主题涉及广泛，包括历史、建筑、健康和社会现象等；词数设置
适中，便于考生作答。这样的命题特点有助于考查考生的阅读理解能
力、信息提取能力和批判性思维能力。
该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句(概括文章整体内容)、过渡性句
子(体现文章结构)和注释性句子(体现上下文逻辑意义)这 3 类。
年份 2024 2023 2022 2021
语篇类型 议论文 说明文 议论文 议论文
主题 书写和书籍的历史发展 绿色建筑的理念 锻炼的重要性 外卖带来的利与弊
词数 267 289 270 309
以下是 2021～2024 年广州中考英语试题中阅读填空题的分析：
方法一：上下文联系
通过理解文章的整体内容和结构，联系上下文来推断答案。
在 2021 年的语篇中，第 41 题“__41__ These services no doubt have
many advantages.” 可以根据后文的“These services” 指的是“online food
delivery services”，以及后文提到的诸多优点，推断出 41 题应填
“However, we must not forget the disadvantages of these services.”的对比
转折句，即选项 C。这里就运用了上下文联系技巧。
方法二：细节定位
根据问题中的具体信息，定位到文章中的相关细节，从而找到答
案。
在 2023 年的语篇中，第 42 题“__42__ We need to be very careful
about the materials we use.” 可以由此定位到后文提到的 “renewable
materials” ，找到相关的句子，从而确定 42 题应填“As a result, green
thinking was born.”，即选项 B。这里运用了细节定位技巧。
方法三：主旨归纳
通过理解文章的主旨大意，归纳出问题的答案。
在 2024 年的语篇中，第 41 题“__41__ Sometime between 4，000 and
3，000 BCE, the skill of writing was developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia.”
可以通过理解整篇文章讲述文字的发展历程，归纳出 41 题之前的内容
是在讲述洞穴壁画作为最古老的图画，因此 41 题是引出文字发展的内
容，应填“They are an early form of communication without reading and
writing.”，即选项 D。这里运用了主旨归纳技巧。
方法四：排除法
通过排除与文章内容不符或逻辑上不合理的选项，找到正确答案。
在 2022 年的语篇中，第 43 题“__43__ If exercise hasn't been part of
your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon…”，可以
通过排除法，先排除与后文“there is no point training for a marathon”逻辑
上相悖的选项，如 A(从小事做起，与后文无直接关联)和 B(那样你永远
不会放弃，与后文相反)，再排除与前文不相关的选项 D(首先，锻炼不仅
仅关乎身体，与后文无直接联系)，最后确定 43 题应填“Start small！”，
即选项 A(但此处更准确的解释应是先从小目标开始，逐步培养锻炼习惯，
与后文的马拉松训练形成对比)。虽然最终选择的 A 与后文的直接联系稍
弱，但相比其他选项更符合逻辑。这里主要运用了排除法。
方法五：指代消解
通过理解文章中的指代关系，消解指代，找到答案。
在 2023 年的语篇中，第 45 题“__45__ For example, they might try
to use as little land as possible.”可以通过理解“they”指代的是前文提到的
“Architects”或“building engineers”，以及后文的例子“use as little land
as possible”，消解指代，确定 45 题应填“Architects must consider what
the building will do to the environment.”，即选项 E。这里运用了指代消
解技巧。
(一)2024 年广州中考
Cave paintings are the oldest pictures.Some of them are almost 30，000
years old.Many of these paintings show animals or hunting scenes(狩猎场
景 ).They do not have written words on them.But when we look at them,
we get an idea of the feelings the people had when drawing them.The
paintings tell stories of hopes and fears.__1__
上下文联系。前文提到洞穴璧画是最古老的图画，后文提到文字技能的发展。应填的内容需要连接前后文，即描述洞穴壁画与文字技能发展之间的关系。故选 D。
Sometime between 4，000 and 3，000 BCE, the skill of writing was
developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia.People cut texts on stones first.
__2__ But it was impossible to carry stones from place to place.The
invention of papyrus(莎草纸) allowed documents to be moved easily.More
根据“People cut texts on stones first.”可知人们先在石头上刻文字，选项 B“它们是一种早期的书面交流形式”符合语境。故选 B。
than 3，000 years ago, the ancient Chinese people cut words on bones and
shells.These words are called jiaguwen.It is the writing system that has
developed over thousands of years into today's hanzi.
People made the first books from papyrus and from thin animal skins.
Around 105 CE, paper-making skill was improved after the invention of
paper in China.__3__ It was published in 868 CE.In the middle of the 15th
century, the printing machine was invented in Germany.Since that time，a
huge number of books have been printed worldwide.__4__
判断“It was published in 868 CE. ”前的填空时，我们可以通过细节定位找到“The world’s oldest known printed book is from China too.”这明确指出了世界上已知的最古老的印刷书籍来自中国，与后文的“t”指代相匹配。故选 C。
In the middle of the 15th century, the printing machine was invented in
Germany.Since that time，a huge number of books have been printed
worldwide.__4__
在判断“Books will be around for many years, of course. But some people prefer reading electronic books.”后的填空时，我们需要理解“Books” 在这里指的是传统的纸质书籍。而“Now you can buy your books whenever you want without having to leave the comfort of your home.”中的 books 则可能包括电子书籍，因为电子书籍的出现使得人们可以在家中舒适地购买和阅读。根据“Since that time, a huge number of books have been printed worldwide,”可知，从那时起，世界各地印刷了大量书籍,选项E“对许多人来说，在图书馆读书是生活中最大的乐趣之一”符合语境。故选E。
Books will be around for many years, of course.But some people
prefer reading electronic books.__5__ Now you can buy your books
whenever you want without having to leave the comfort of your home.
从上下文中,我们可以知道随着技术的发展,特别是电子书籍的出现，人们的阅读方式和购买书籍的方式都发生了很大的变化。前文提到“some people prefer reading electronic books”，这表明电子书籍已经成为一种受欢迎的阅读方式。“without having to leave the comfort of your home”进一步说明了现代技术带来的便利，使得人们可以在家中舒适地购买和阅读书籍。根据“But some people prefer reading electronic books, ” 可知，有些人更喜欢阅读电子书，此处介绍电子书的优势,选项 A“旅行时，它们更容易随身携带”符合语境。故选 A。
D
B
C
E
A
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
A.They are easier to take with you when you travel.
B.They are an early form of written communication.
C.The world's oldest known printed book is from China too.
D.They are an early form of communication without reading and writing.
E.For many people, reading in the library is one of life's greatest pleasures.
(二)2023 年广州中考
Years ago, green was simply a color.Now it's much more! In the
1970s, some people began to worry about what we did to mother Earth.
__1__ It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a
small idea that touches us all in our homes.
上下文联系。“It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes.”这句话表明前文提到的 green 不仅仅是一个颜色，而是一个更广泛的概念。结合选项，我们可以看到选项B“As a result, green thinking was born.”与前文紧密相连，表示由于人们对地球的担忧，绿色思维应运而生。
Architects(建筑师) and building engineers are thinking about how to
make buildings greener.These days, green architecture is becoming more
and more popular.__2__
细节定位。前文提到“green architecture is becoming more and more popular”，我们需要找到一个选项来进一步解释或描述绿色建筑的流行。然而，给出的选项中并没有直接针对这一点的详细描述，但我们可以推断接下来的内容可能会涉及绿色建筑的某些方面。
We need to be very careful about the materials( 材 料 ) we use.It is
better to choose renewable materials—those that the Earth replaces quickly.
__3__ Also, for those materials that are not renewable, we need to use
them as little as possible.Our mother Earth has offered us many other
possibilities, such as wind and solar power.
排除法。前文提到选择可再生材料，地球可以快速产生新的材料来替换。接下来应该是一个与可再生材料相关或对比的选项。选项A“Or we can reuse some materials.”提供了一个额外的可持续做法，与前文相符，而其他选项要么与上下文无关，要么逻辑上不符合。
Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in
green buildings.In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for
people.__4__ Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric
lighting.In fact, many people who live or work in green buildings report
feeling happier and healthier.
上下文联系。前文提到在许多情况下，绿色能源对人们来说更加舒适,接下来应该是一个具体的例子来说明绿色能源的舒适性。
__5__ For example, they might try to use as little land as possible.If a
building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and
trees.They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while
the building work is going on.
Although green buildings are more expensive to build, they are less
expensive to run.
根据“For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on.”可知，此处介绍的是绿色建筑对环境方面的考虑，故选项E“建筑师必须考虑建筑对环境的影响”符合语境，故选 E。
B
C
A
D
E
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
A.Or we can reuse some materials.
B.As a result, green thinking was born.
C.To understand it, we have to look at three different areas.
D.For example, natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air.
E.Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment.
(三)2022 年广州中考
We all know that exercise is good for us, don't we __1__ Just
thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make
some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that
exercise is not all about doing sport
上下文联系。上下文提到“我们都知道锻炼对我们有好处，不是吗 ”，接着是一个转折，说明有些人并不喜欢锻炼。选项E“但我们也知道并不是每个人都喜欢锻炼。”与上下文形成了转折关系，符合语境。
__2__ Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special
chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can
leave us feeling happier.Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher
and get to sleep more easily.Finally, if we connect our exercise with a
healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.
Sounds like a good deal, doesn't it
主旨归纳。这一段主要讲述锻炼不仅仅是对身体有好处，还会引发大脑释放特殊化学物质，带来良好的感觉。选项 D“首先，锻炼不仅仅关乎身体。”准确地概括了这一段的主旨。
__3__ If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time, there is
no point training for a marathon( 马 拉 松 ): you will soon give up and go
back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for
ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
细节定位。这一段提到如果长时间没有进行锻炼，突然为了马拉松训练是没有意义的，因为很容易放弃。接着建议每天在公园散步和骑自行车十分钟来培养健身习惯。选项 A“从小事做起!”与这一段的细节相符,建议从简单的锻炼开始。
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also
enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite
music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with
their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.__4__
上下文联系。上文提到选择一种既锻炼身体而且自己又喜欢的活动，并在锻炼时让体验更加愉快。选项 B“那样，你就永远不会放弃了!”与上文相符，强调了选择喜欢的活动可以让人坚持下去。
It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't
just about appearance.__5__ Who wouldn't want that
主旨归纳。最后一段强调定期锻炼不仅仅是为了外表，更重要的是为了更健康和更快乐。选项 C“它使人变得更健康和感觉更快乐。”准确地概括了这一段的主旨。
E
D
A
B
C
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
A.Start small!
B.That way, you'll never give it up!
C.It's about being healthier and feeling happier.
D.For a start, exercise is not just about the body.
E.But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.
(一)2024 年广州越秀区一模
“Dragon” has long been used as the translation of the Chinese word
“Loong”.According to some written records, “Loong” was first translated
to “dragon” in The Travels of Marco Polo in 1299.__1__ “Loong” is
similar to the Western dragon, in a way—for example, both are huge and
can fly.But the translation is far from being able to show all the meanings
that “Loong” has in Chinese culture.Instead, it makes westerners unable to
understand it.
__2__ As we see in movies, the Western dragon is a kind of
fire-breathing cruel animal.It is usually beaten by heroes.However, in
China, it's said that the Chinese dragon can fly and has the magical power
to control wind and rain.__3__ Chinese use “Loong” as one of their
favourite names or decorations.
“Loong” is meaningful and native to China and there aren't any proper
expressions for it in Western languages.__4__ They aim to tell people the
Chinese dragon is totally different from the fire-breathing one in western
ancient stories.No matter which way “Loong” is translated, we must show
that “Loong” is warm and joyful.It's very different from the Western
dragon.__5__
C
B
A
E
D
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
A.Chinese believe “Loong” can bring them strength and good luck.
B.In what ways is the Chinese dragon quite different from the Western dragon
C.“Dragon” may have been the best word to describe “Loong” at that time.
D.We should always try to explain “Loong” well so that westerners won't get lost in the translation.
E.Culture experts believe that it's just a good idea to bring the new word “Loong” to describe the Chinese dragon.
(二)2024 年广州增城区一模
Growth mindset( 成 长 型 思 维 ) is an idea that has got so much
attention in psychology(心理学) and education.It is based on the belief that
intelligence and abilities are not fixed, but can be developed and improved
through effort.__1__
There are plenty of advantages of having a growth mindset.People
with a growth mindset are more likely to take risks and be creative.__2__
Furthermore, they regard mistakes as learning opportunities.When
people believe that their abilities can be developed, they can set goals and
work towards them.
__3__ First, it is important to focus on the process, rather than the
outcome.This means that it is more important to focus on the effort, rather
than the results.__4___Finally, it is important to give yourself a reward and
celebrate successes, no matter how small they are.
In conclusion, developing a growth mindset is necessary for students.
__5__ By facing challenges and solving problems with an open mind,
students with a growth mindset can achieve their goals and reach their full
potential.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
B
E
A
D
C
A.How can students develop a growth mindset
B.Let's get to know something about growth mindset.
C.It can be a valuable tool for them to achieve success in life.
D Secondly, it is important to accept different opinions and suggestions.
E.They are also more likely to stick to their goals in the face of difficulties.
(三)2024 年广州海珠一模
A taste of the world's coolest food
Every summer around the world, people wait in lines outside ice
cream shops as they look for a tasty way to cool themselves down or cheer
themselves up.__1__
No one is really sure who invented ice cream.__2__ In the 154
century AD, the Roman emperor enjoyed ice with honey and nuts,
although this was more like a frozen mixture of water, sugar and fruit juice.
One of the first examples of ice made with milk can date back to the Tang
Dynasty in China.Ice cream arrived in Europe in the 16th century and
quickly became popular in Italy and France.
__3__ If you go to Germany, you can buy “spaghetti” ice cream
which looks like noodles with strawberry sauce and white chocolate on the
top.__4__ All the things are quickly mixed in and the ice cream is
done.There is a special ice cream named Maotai ice cream in China.It
chooses fresh milk and add with about 2% of 53° Feitian Maotai.
Ice cream is getting more popular across the world.Customers want
new, exciting taste, and lots of people are turning to healthier ice cream
without dairy milk and cream.__5__
C
D
E
A
B
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
A.In Thailand, i tim pad is made by pouring mixture onto a freezing plate.
B.Next time you taste ice cream, you're enjoying food that is thousands of years old.
C.Let's find out the story behind this delicious taste.
D.However, there are records of people making iced food in 200 BC in China.
E.Nowadays, there are more choices than ever around the world.