(共34张PPT)
Unit 3 Food matters
七年级
外研2024版
下
单词解析（三）
1.hamburger (名词)汉堡包
[用法讲解] hamburger为可数名词，其复数形式为hamburgers.
Eg: She gave me half of her hamburger.她把她那个汉堡包的一半给了我。
2.snack(名词)(正餐以外的)小吃、点心
[用法讲解] snack为可数名词，其复数形式为snacks; snack也可作动词，译为“吃点心”。
Eg: I usually have a snack at lunchtime.我通常中午吃点点心。
I prefer to snack when I'm travelling rather than have a full meal.我旅行时喜欢吃小吃而不吃正餐。
[常见搭配]
grab a snack 随便吃点零食
snack on sth.持续吃某物
Eg: I'm feeling a bit hungry, I'm going to grab a snack from the vending machine.
我有点饿了，我去自动售货机那弄点零食。
She likes to snack on popcorn while watching movies.她喜欢边看电影边吃爆米花。
3.border (名词)边界、边境
[用法讲解] border为可数名词，其复数形式为borders; border也可为动词，译为“与...接壤”。
Eg: The border between two countries is the dividing line between them.
他们两国之间的边界是两者之间的分界线。
The fields are bordered by tall trees. 田野四周都是高大的树木。
[常见搭配]
on the border of 临近、将要
border line 边界线
Eg: He is on the border of success. 他将要成功。
His army is stationed near the border line.他所在的部队就驻扎在边防线附近。
4.western (形容词)(观念或方式)西方的、欧美的
[用法讲解] western常作定语，修饰名词。
Eg: England is a western country. 英国是一个西方国家。
[派生词] west为名词，译为“西方、西部”;也可为形容词，译为“西方的”。
[常见搭配]
western region 西部地区
western province i西部省份
the west of ... ...的西部
Eg: Developing Education is a key to the development of the western regions.
发展民族教育是西部大开发的重要基础。
He lives in the west of England. 他住在英国的西部。
The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳西坠。
the west end of the island 岛的西端
5.dessert (名词)(饭后的)甜点、甜食、甜品
[用法讲解] dessert在泛指“甜食”时是不可数名词，可以用some或any来表示数量;dessert在表示具体某种或多种甜食时，是可数名词，其复数形式为desserts。
Eg: Would you like some dessert 你想要一些甜点吗
She ordered a chocolate cake for dessert.她点了一个巧克力蛋糕作为甜点。
6.actually (副词)事实上、实际上
[用法讲解] actually常常放在实义动词或动词之前，be动词之后，也可位于句首，相当于in fact。
Eg: I actually think that the economy is improving.我真的认为经济状况正在改善。
He was actually courageous. 他居然那么勇敢。
Actually, I didn't go.事实上我没去上课。
[派生词] actual为形容词，译为“事实的、实际的”。
Eg: The actual nest is a work of art. 真实的鸟巢十分精致。
[易混辨析] actual、real和true区别
actual强调某事物是真实的、实际存在的，而非理论上的或假设的;
real强调事物确实存在，非想象的或理论的;
true强调某事物与事实相符或真实可靠。
Eg: The actual cause of this quake is still unknown. 这次地震的真正原因仍不清楚。
That's where the real danger lies. 确实存在危险的地方。
She gave a true account of what had happened.她如实地讲述了发生的事情。
7.dynasty (名词) 朝代
[用法讲解] dynasty为可数名词，其复数形式为 dynasties.
Eg: The stone structure dates back to the Ming Dynasty.那座石结构建筑物可以追溯到明朝。
[常见搭配]
the Tang Dynasty 唐朝
the Zhou Dynasty周朝
the rise and fall of a dynasty 王朝的兴衰
Eg: The Tang Dynasty made Chang'an its capital. 唐朝建都长安。
[派生词] dynastic为形容词，译为“王朝的、朝代的”
Eg: Song Dynastic Refugee Problem and Social Control宋朝流民问题及其社会调控
8.store (动词)贮藏、贮存、积蓄
[用法讲解] store也可作名词，译为“商店、储存物”。
Eg: I intend to build an elevator to store the corn I'll harvest.
我打算建一个谷物仓库来储藏我将收获的玉米。
They run a small grocery store. 他们经营一家小商店。
She has a secret store of chocolate.我私藏了一些巧克力。
[常见搭配] store information 储存信息
9.mean (动词)意思是
[用法讲解] mean作动词，也可译为“意味着、打算”;mean也可作形容词，译为“吝啬的”。
Eg: What does this word mean 这个字是什么意思
Silence means consent. 沉默就是同意。
He meant no harm. 他没有恶意。
He is very mean with his money.他在金钱上很吝啬。
[派生词] meaning为名词，译为“意思”
[常见搭配]
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
the meaning of ... ...的意思
Eg: I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯我去。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
What's the meaning of this word 这个字什么意思
10.modern (形容词)现代的、近代的
[用法讲解] modern作形容词，也可译为“时髦的”。
Eg: Stress is a major problem of modern life. 压力是现代生活中的主要问题。
I like classic cars so much more than modern ones. 比起时髦的汽车，我更喜欢经典名车。
[派生词] modernize为动词，译为“现代化”。
Eg: Modernize or bring up to date. 使现代化或跟上时代。
[常见搭配]
modern technology现代技术
modern world 现代世界
11.folk(形容词)民间的、民俗的
[用法讲解] folk也可为名词，译为“人们、亲属”。
Eg: She likes folk music very much. 她非常喜欢民间音乐。
Some folk like beer and some don't.有的人喜欢啤酒，有的不喜欢。
How are your folks 你家人好吗
[常见搭配]
folk culture民间文化
folk tale 民间传说
Eg: The festival celebrates the rich folk culture of the region.这个节日庆祝该地区丰富的民间文化。
12.tale (名词)故事
[用法讲解] tale为可数名词，其复数形式为 tales。
Eg: He told some fascinating tales about his life in India.他讲了他在印度生活的一些奇闻轶事。
[常见搭配]
tell tales 讲述故事、编造谎言
fairy tale 童话
tales of ...关于...的故事
Eg: Fairy tales are often set in a magical world. 童话通常设定在一个神奇的世界里。
I love listening to his tales of life at sea.我喜欢听他讲述他的海上生活。
13.emperor (名词)皇帝
[用法讲解] emperor为可数名词，其复数形式为emperors。
Eg: The emperor was a tyrant.那皇帝是个暴君。
14.suffer(动词)(身体或精神上)受苦、遭受(痛苦)
[用法讲解] suffer也可为名词，译为“痛苦、折磨”。
Eg: As long as I am here, I won't the child suffer. 只要有我在，就不能让孩子受苦。
[常见搭配]
suffer from ...遭受某种痛苦
suffer due to ...因某种原因而遭受
suffer in silence 默默承受、忍受
Eg: She suffered from a bad cold last week.上周她感冒了。
Many families are suffering due to lack of access to clean water.
许多家庭由于无法获得干净的水资源而受苦。
She suffered in silence rather than ask for help.她选择默默承受，而不是寻求帮助。
15.stomach (名词) 胃
[用法讲解] stomach为可数名词，其复数形式为stomachs。
Eg: My stomach is still sore after the operation. 手术后，我的胃还在疼。
[派生词] stomachache为名词，译为“胃疼”。
Eg: I think she has a stomachache.我觉得她肚子疼。
[常见搭配]
empty stomach 空腹
full stomach 饱腹
stomach pain 胃痛
16.totally (副词)完全地、彻底地
[用法讲解] totally常用来修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。
Eg: I'm totally happy. 我非常开心。
She totally understands me. 她完全理解我。
Totally agree. 完全同意。
[派生词] total为形容词，译为“完全的、总的”;total也可为名词，译为“总数、合计”。
[常见搭配]
in total 总共
a total of ...一共...
Eg: There are ten books in total on the shelf.书架上有十本书。
A total of 20 students attended the class.共有20名学生参加了这堂课。
17.Iranian (名词)伊朗人
[用法讲解] Iranian也可为形容词，译为“伊朗的、伊朗人的”。
Eg: She is an Iranian.她是一名伊朗人。
Is this the result of the Iranian people's wishes 这是符合伊朗人民意愿的结果吗
[派生词] Iran为名词，译为“伊朗”。
Eg: Iran has the gas and we need the gas.伊朗有天然气，而我们需要天然气。
18.flat (形容词)平的、平坦的
[用法讲解] flat也可作名词，译为“公寓”;flat亦可作副词，译为“水平地”。
Eg: The table has a flat surface. 这张桌子有一个平坦的表面。
I live in a flat in London. 我住在伦敦的一套公寓里。
He lay flat on the ground. 他平躺在地上。
[常见搭配]
flat out 全速、尽全力
flat share 合租公寓
flat as a pancake非常平坦
Eg: I was running flat out to catch the bus.我全力以赴地跑去赶公交车。
I live in a flat share with three other students. 我和另外三个学生共同租住一套公寓。
The road is flat as a pancake from here to the next town.从这里到下一个城镇的路非常平坦。
19.stone (名词)石块、石子
[用法讲解] stone为不可数名词时，译为“石料、岩石、石头”等;stone为可数名词时，译为“石块、碎石”等;stone也可作动词，译为“用石头砸”。
Eg: The bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是由石头建造的。
There is a pile of stones on the ground.地上有一堆石头。
He stoned the dog with a rock. 他用石头砸狗。
[常见搭配]
kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟、一举两得
sticks and stones many break my bones身正不怕影子斜
a heart of stone 铁石心肠
20.symbol(名词)(某一特征或思想的)代表、代表性人物(事物)
[用法讲解] symbol为可数名词，其复数形式为symbols; symbol作名词，还可译为“象征、符号”。
Eg: What is the chemical symbol for copper 铜的化学符号是什么
[常见搭配]
a symbol of ......的象征
Eg: The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
21.American (形容词)美国的、美国人的
[用法讲解] American也可作可数名词，其复数形式为Americans，译为“美国人”。
Eg: He spoke with an American accent.他说话带着美国口音。
He is an American. 他是一个美国人。
[派生词] America为名词，译为“美国”。
Eg: It's the fifth time that I've been to America.这是我第五次去美国了。
22.twin (形容词)双胞胎之一的
[用法讲解] twin也可为名词，译为“双胞胎之”; the twins译为“双胞胎”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
Eg: The twins are from England. 这对双胞胎来自英国。
[常见搭配]
twin sister 双胞胎姐妹
twin brother双胞胎兄弟
Eg: I can't tell one twin from the other.我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。
I never knew you had a twin sister. 我一点都不知道你还有个双胞胎姐姐。
23.bridge (名词)(事物之间的)桥梁、纽带
[用法讲解] bridge为可数名词，其复数形式为 bridges.
Eg: They decided to build a bridge across the river.他们决定在河上建一座桥。
Cultural exchanges are a way of building bridges between countries.
文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带。
24.happen (动词)发生
[用法讲解] happen为动词，译为“发生”;主语常常为事。注意:happen不能用被动语态。
[常见搭配]
sth. + happen +地点/时间 “某地/某时发生了某事”
Sth. + happen to sb. “某人发生了某事”
Sb. + happen to do sth. “某人碰巧做某事”
happen along 偶然遇到
happen on/upon 偶然发现
whatever happens无论发生什么
Eg: An accident happened in that street.那条街发生了一起事故。
A car accident happened to him yesterday.昨天他发生了交通事故。
I happened to meet her in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。
I happened along the bookstore and bought a new book.我偶然路过书店买了一本新书。
I happened upon a great deal while shopping. 我在购物时偶然发现了一个好交易。
Whatever happens, I will support you.无论发生什么，我都会支持你。
[易混辨析] happen和take place的区别
happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性;
take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件，强调事件的计划性和预谋性。
Eg: An accident happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。
The meeting will take place next Monday.会议将在下周一举行。
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Unit 3 Food matters 单词解析（三）
1.hamburger (名词)汉堡包
[用法讲解] hamburger为可数名词，其复数形式为hamburgers.
Eg: She gave me half of her hamburger.她把她那个汉堡包的一半给了我。
2.snack(名词)(正餐以外的)小吃、点心
[用法讲解] snack为可数名词，其复数形式为 snacks; snack也可作动词，译为“吃点心”。
Eg: I usually have a snack at lunchtime.我通常中午吃点点心。
I prefer to snack when I'm travelling rather than have a full meal.我旅行时喜欢吃小吃而不吃正餐。
[常见搭配]
grab a snack 随便吃点零食
snack on sth.持续吃某物
Eg: I'm feeling a bit hungry, I'm going to grab a snack from the vending machine.
我有点饿了，我去自动售货机那弄点零食。
She likes to snack on popcorn while watching movies.她喜欢边看电影边吃爆米花。
3.border (名词)边界、边境
[用法讲解] border为可数名词，其复数形式为 borders; border也可为动词，译为“与...接壤”。
Eg: The border between two countries is the dividing line between them.
他们两国之间的边界是两者之间的分界线。
The fields are bordered by tall trees. 田野四周都是高大的树木。
[常见搭配]
on the border of 临近、将要
border line 边界线
Eg: He is on the border of success. 他将要成功。
His army is stationed near the border line.他所在的部队就驻扎在边防线附近。
4.western (形容词)(观念或方式)西方的、欧美的
[用法讲解] western常作定语，修饰名词。
Eg: England is a western country. 英国是一个西方国家。
[派生词] west为名词，译为“西方、西部”;也可为形容词，译为“西方的”。
[常见搭配]
western region 西部地区
western province i西部省份
the west of ... ...的西部
Eg: Developing Education is a key to the development of the western regions.
发展民族教育是西部大开发的重要基础。
He lives in the west of England. 他住在英国的西部。
The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳西坠。
the west end of the island 岛的西端
5.dessert (名词)(饭后的)甜点、甜食、甜品
[用法讲解] dessert在泛指“甜食”时是不可数名词，可以用some或any来表示数量;dessert在表示具体某种或多种甜食时，是可数名词，其复数形式为desserts。
Eg: Would you like some dessert 你想要一些甜点吗
She ordered a chocolate cake for dessert.她点了一个巧克力蛋糕作为甜点。
6.actually (副词)事实上、实际上
[用法讲解] actually常常放在实义动词或动词之前，be动词之后，也可位于句首，相当于in fact。
Eg: I actually think that the economy is improving.我真的认为经济状况正在改善。
He was actually courageous. 他居然那么勇敢。
Actually, I didn't go.事实上我没去上课。
[派生词] actual为形容词，译为“事实的、实际的”。
Eg: The actual nest is a work of art. 真实的鸟巢十分精致。
[易混辨析] actual、real和true区别
actual强调某事物是真实的、实际存在的，而非理论上的或假设的;
real强调事物确实存在，非想象的或理论的;
true强调某事物与事实相符或真实可靠。
Eg: The actual cause of this quake is still unknown. 这次地震的真正原因仍不清楚。
That's where the real danger lies. 确实存在危险的地方。
She gave a true account of what had happened.她如实地讲述了发生的事情。
7.dynasty (名词) 朝代
[用法讲解] dynasty为可数名词，其复数形式为 dynasties.
Eg: The stone structure dates back to the Ming Dynasty.那座石结构建筑物可以追溯到明朝。
[常见搭配]
the Tang Dynasty 唐朝
the Zhou Dynasty周朝
the rise and fall of a dynasty 王朝的兴衰
Eg: The Tang Dynasty made Chang'an its capital. 唐朝建都长安。
[派生词] dynastic为形容词，译为“王朝的、朝代的”
Eg: Song Dynastic Refugee Problem and Social Control宋朝流民问题及其社会调控
8.store (动词)贮藏、贮存、积蓄
[用法讲解] store也可作名词，译为“商店、储存物”。
Eg: I intend to build an elevator to store the corn I'll harvest.
我打算建一个谷物仓库来储藏我将收获的玉米。
They run a small grocery store. 他们经营一家小商店。
She has a secret store of chocolate.我私藏了一些巧克力。
[常见搭配] store information 储存信息
9.mean (动词)意思是
[用法讲解] mean作动词，也可译为“意味着、打算”;mean也可作形容词，译为“吝啬的”。
Eg: What does this word mean 这个字是什么意思
Silence means consent. 沉默就是同意。
He meant no harm. 他没有恶意。
He is very mean with his money.他在金钱上很吝啬。
[派生词] meaning为名词，译为“意思”
[常见搭配]
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
the meaning of ... ...的意思
Eg: I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯我去。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
What's the meaning of this word 这个字什么意思
10.modern (形容词)现代的、近代的
[用法讲解] modern作形容词，也可译为“时髦的”。
Eg: Stress is a major problem of modern life. 压力是现代生活中的主要问题。
I like classic cars so much more than modern ones. 比起时髦的汽车，我更喜欢经典名车。
[派生词] modernize为动词，译为“现代化”。
Eg: Modernize or bring up to date. 使现代化或跟上时代。
[常见搭配]
modern technology现代技术
modern world 现代世界
11.folk(形容词)民间的、民俗的
[用法讲解] folk也可为名词，译为“人们、亲属”。
Eg: She likes folk music very much. 她非常喜欢民间音乐。
Some folk like beer and some don't.有的人喜欢啤酒，有的不喜欢。
How are your folks 你家人好吗
[常见搭配]
folk culture民间文化
folk tale 民间传说
Eg: The festival celebrates the rich folk culture of the region.这个节日庆祝该地区丰富的民间文化。
12.tale (名词)故事
[用法讲解] tale为可数名词，其复数形式为 tales。
Eg: He told some fascinating tales about his life in India.他讲了他在印度生活的一些奇闻轶事。
[常见搭配]
tell tales 讲述故事、编造谎言
fairy tale 童话
tales of ...关于...的故事
Eg: Fairy tales are often set in a magical world. 童话通常设定在一个神奇的世界里。
I love listening to his tales of life at sea.我喜欢听他讲述他的海上生活。
13.emperor (名词)皇帝
[用法讲解] emperor为可数名词，其复数形式为emperors。
Eg: The emperor was a tyrant.那皇帝是个暴君。
14.suffer(动词)(身体或精神上)受苦、遭受(痛苦)
[用法讲解] suffer也可为名词，译为“痛苦、折磨”。
Eg: As long as I am here, I won't the child suffer. 只要有我在，就不能让孩子受苦。
[常见搭配]
suffer from ...遭受某种痛苦
suffer due to ...因某种原因而遭受
suffer in silence 默默承受、忍受
Eg: She suffered from a bad cold last week.上周她感冒了。
Many families are suffering due to lack of access to clean water.
许多家庭由于无法获得干净的水资源而受苦。
She suffered in silence rather than ask for help.她选择默默承受，而不是寻求帮助。
15.stomach (名词) 胃
[用法讲解] stomach为可数名词，其复数形式为stomachs。
Eg: My stomach is still sore after the operation. 手术后，我的胃还在疼。
[派生词] stomachache为名词，译为“胃疼”。
Eg: I think she has a stomachache.我觉得她肚子疼。
[常见搭配]
empty stomach 空腹
full stomach 饱腹
stomach pain 胃痛
16.totally (副词)完全地、彻底地
[用法讲解] totally常用来修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。
Eg: I'm totally happy. 我非常开心。
She totally understands me. 她完全理解我。
Totally agree. 完全同意。
[派生词] total为形容词，译为“完全的、总的”;total也可为名词，译为“总数、合计”。
[常见搭配]
in total 总共
a total of ...一共...
Eg: There are ten books in total on the shelf.书架上有十本书。
A total of 20 students attended the class.共有20名学生参加了这堂课。
17.Iranian (名词)伊朗人
[用法讲解] Iranian也可为形容词，译为“伊朗的、伊朗人的”。
Eg: She is an Iranian.她是一名伊朗人。
Is this the result of the Iranian people's wishes 这是符合伊朗人民意愿的结果吗
[派生词] Iran为名词，译为“伊朗”。
Eg: Iran has the gas and we need the gas.伊朗有天然气，而我们需要天然气。
18.flat (形容词)平的、平坦的
[用法讲解] flat也可作名词，译为“公寓”;flat亦可作副词，译为“水平地”。
Eg: The table has a flat surface. 这张桌子有一个平坦的表面。
I live in a flat in London. 我住在伦敦的一套公寓里。
He lay flat on the ground. 他平躺在地上。
[常见搭配]
flat out 全速、尽全力
flat share 合租公寓
flat as a pancake非常平坦
Eg: I was running flat out to catch the bus.我全力以赴地跑去赶公交车。
I live in a flat share with three other students. 我和另外三个学生共同租住一套公寓。
The road is flat as a pancake from here to the next town.从这里到下一个城镇的路非常平坦。
19.stone (名词)石块、石子
[用法讲解] stone为不可数名词时，译为“石料、岩石、石头”等;stone为可数名词时，译为“石块、碎石”等;stone也可作动词，译为“用石头砸”。
Eg: The bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是由石头建造的。
There is a pile of stones on the ground.地上有一堆石头。
He stoned the dog with a rock. 他用石头砸狗。
[常见搭配]
kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟、一举两得
sticks and stones many break my bones身正不怕影子斜
a heart of stone 铁石心肠
20.symbol(名词)(某一特征或思想的)代表、代表性人物(事物)
[用法讲解] symbol为可数名词，其复数形式为symbols; symbol作名词，还可译为“象征、符号”。
Eg: What is the chemical symbol for copper 铜的化学符号是什么
[常见搭配]
a symbol of ......的象征
Eg: The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
21.American (形容词)美国的、美国人的
[用法讲解] American也可作可数名词，其复数形式为Americans，译为“美国人”。
Eg: He spoke with an American accent.他说话带着美国口音。
He is an American. 他是一个美国人。
[派生词] America为名词，译为“美国”。
Eg: It's the fifth time that I've been to America.这是我第五次去美国了。
22.twin (形容词)双胞胎之一的
[用法讲解] twin也可为名词，译为“双胞胎之”; the twins译为“双胞胎”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
Eg: The twins are from England. 这对双胞胎来自英国。
[常见搭配]
twin sister 双胞胎姐妹
twin brother双胞胎兄弟
Eg: I can't tell one twin from the other.我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。
I never knew you had a twin sister. 我一点都不知道你还有个双胞胎姐姐。
23.bridge (名词)(事物之间的)桥梁、纽带
[用法讲解] bridge为可数名词，其复数形式为 bridges.
Eg: They decided to build a bridge across the river.他们决定在河上建一座桥。
Cultural exchanges are a way of building bridges between countries.
文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带。
24.happen (动词)发生
[用法讲解] happen为动词，译为“发生”;主语常常为事。注意:happen不能用被动语态。
[常见搭配]
sth. + happen +地点/时间 “某地/某时发生了某事”
Sth. + happen to sb. “某人发生了某事”
Sb. + happen to do sth. “某人碰巧做某事”
happen along 偶然遇到
happen on/upon 偶然发现
whatever happens无论发生什么
Eg: An accident happened in that street.那条街发生了一起事故。
A car accident happened to him yesterday.昨天他发生了交通事故。
I happened to meet her in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。
I happened along the bookstore and bought a new book.我偶然路过书店买了一本新书。
I happened upon a great deal while shopping. 我在购物时偶然发现了一个好交易。
Whatever happens, I will support you.无论发生什么，我都会支持你。
[易混辨析] happen和take place的区别
happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性;
take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件，强调事件的计划性和预谋性。
Eg: An accident happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。
The meeting will take place next Monday.会议将在下周一举行。
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