英语周报15-16下课标人教新课标高一必修3Unit 2 Healthy eating（课件+教案+ 练习+素材）

Unit 2 Healthy eating教案
Ｉ． 单元教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals
Talk about healthy diet
Make suggestions or giving advice on diet
Distinguish the meanings of Modal verbs
Make a balanced menu
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式
Practice talking about your ideas
Yes, I think so.
I don’t think so.
I agree.
I don’t agree.
That’s correct. Exactly.
That’s exactly my opinion.
You’re quite right.
I don’t think you are right.
I quite agree with you.
I’m afraid I don’t agree / disagree with you.
Of course not.
I’m afraid not.
All right.
That’s a good idea.
Certainly. / Sure.
No problem.
Practice giving advice and suggestions
You must / must not...
词 汇
1. 四会词汇
diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, stir-fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fiber, digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine
2. 认读词汇
protective, spaghetti, protein, crisp, kebab, sugary, muscle, calmly, cooperation
3. 词组
get away from, balanced diet, ought to, lose weight, tell a lie, win… back, earn one’s living, in debt, spy on, cut down, before long, put on weight
语
法
The use of ought to
1. Statements
You ought to cook fresh vegetables and meat without too much fat if you want to stay slim.
You ought not to eat the same kind of food at every meal.
2. Difficulty
Distinguish and summarize the usage of ought to and should.
Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元以“健康饮食”为中心话题，通过单元教学让学生了解各种食物对人体的作用，引导学生关注平衡膳食，促使学生养成健康饮食的习惯。针对现实中遇到的实际问题发表自己的看法。最后让学生运用所学知识，两人一组研究中餐，设计食谱。
1.1 WARMING UP是本单元一个重要的组成部分。让学生看图讨论不同食物对人体的作用，了解饮食与人体健康的关系。通过几个设问激发学生思考自己的饮食习惯是否合理，运用已有的知识经验思考什么是Healthy Eating.
1.2 PRE-READING 通过一个表格和一个排序题引导学生对比不同食物中哪些食物富含脂肪、纤维素、维生素和糖份。可添加讨论如何在烹饪中保持食物营养，从而有利于健康。
1.3 READING 讲述王鹏和咏慧开饭店的不同风格和顾客对不同食品的反应，反映了现代人对饮食的关注和对时尚的追求。但王鹏和咏慧都没有提供平衡的膳食，经过一段时间的磨合，他们决定合作，提供既有能量又有纤维的食品。戏剧性的结尾增添了故事的趣味性。通过阅读丰富学生的饮食文化，教会他们如何改善饮食习惯；在现实生活中碰到麻烦时，如何正确处理矛盾，解决问题。
1.4 COMPREHENING 利用判断和回答问题的形式考查学生对课文细节的理解，对比两家饭店所提供膳食的优缺点。
1.5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE 是继Comprehending之后的又一指导性练习。注重考查词性的变化，课文中重点词汇在语篇中的熟练运用及情态动词的不同功能，并设计连线和情景对话两个题型予以巩固。
1.6 USING LANGUAGE 体现了学以致用的目的，从Listening, Reading, Speaking, Writing 四方面训练学生，完成语言的输入性学习和输出性训练的过程，结合生活实际，让学生两人一组研究中餐设计食谱。
2． 教材重组
2.1 精读 把Warming up作为Reading 的导入部分，把Pre-reading、Reading 和Comprehending整合在一起作为一堂“精读课”。
2.2 知识点学习 把Reading的知识上一节“知识课”。
2.3. 语言学习 把Learning About Language上一节“练习课”。
2.4 语法学习 把Discovering useful structures上一节“语法课”。
2.5 听力和阅读Using Language的Listening和Reading上一堂 “听力课
加泛读课”。
2.6 口语和写作 将Using Language的Speaking和Writing上一堂“写作课”。
3． 课型设计与课时分配
1st period Warming up and Reading
2nd period Language points
3rd period Using Language
4th period Grammar
5th period Listening & Reading
6th period Speaking & Writing
Ⅳ. 分课时教案
Warming up and Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
energy, fiber, digestion, bean, cucumber, mushroom, lemon, ham, mutton, roast, slim, curiosity, raw, lie, customer, muscle, cheese, protective, frustrated, drive, sugary, body-building, energy-giving， newly-opened, balanced diet, ought to, tired of, throw away, get away with, tell lies, take off, be amazed at, do some research
b. 重点句子
His fried rice was hot but did not taste of fat.
Tired of all that fat? Want to be thinner? Only slimming food served here.
I will take all that fat off you in two weeks if you eat here every day.
It was not giving its customers energy-giving food!
Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with him as he always did.
He wondered if he should go to the library to find out.
He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
2. Ability goals 能力目标
a. Enable students to talk about their eating.
In what ways the food you eat helps you?
How can you have a healthy diet?
What will happen if you don’t have a balanced diet?
b. Understand the text and answer the following questions.
What happened to Wang Peng’s restaurant?
Why would his customers prefer to eat at Yong Hui’s restaurant?
What did he do after leaving Yong Hui’s restaurant?
c. Understand the details about the text and retell the text in the role of Wang Peng.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the students to learn how to talk about their eating.
What does a healthy diet mean?
Is what Yong Hui did right? Why?
What will you do if you are Wang Peng?
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Identify different groups of foods and talk about healthy eating.
b. What kind of food did they provide for their customers, healthy or unhealthy? Why?
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
a. Understand the real meaning of healthy eating.
b. How was the competition going on? Who would win?
Teaching methods 教学方法
a. Fast and careful reading.
b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.
c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.
d. Discussion.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A recorder, a computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step 1 Warming up
What are the three essential elements for us human beings to survive on the earth?
Water, air, food
Which one would you prefer? Western food or Chinese food?
What do you usually have for breakfast / lunch /supper ?
What will happen if you do not eat a balanced diet？
Step 2 Discussion
What is healthy diet?
Healthy diet: a diet that is balanced and neither too rich in fat, sugar and salt nor too poor and lacking in essential nutrients.
Step 3 Speaking
Decide which food is junk food or healthy food and give reasons.
I think …is junk food because…
I think … is healthy food because…
(be rich in; be low in)
Step 4 Pre-reading
1. What do you think should go into a good meal?
A good meal should contain some food from each of the three categories above.
2. Imagine you and your partner are going to invite some friends for dinner. What special food of your place would you offer them? Plan a menu.
3. Look at the title of the reading passage and the pictures. Predict what the passage is about.
Step 5 Fast reading
Read the text quickly to find out which sentence is the main idea of the text.
1. The two restaurants supplied the healthy food.
2. The reason why Yong Hui’s restaurant was so popular with customers.
3. Wang Peng found out why he had lost his customer and decided to win them back.
Key: 3
Step 6 Reading
1. Usually Wang Peng’s restaurant was full of people. T
2. Yong Hui could make people thin in two weeks by giving them a good diet.
It would take longer than that. F
3. Wang Peng’s regular customers often became fat. T
4. Yong Hui’s menu gave customers more emery-giving food. F
No. it gave them protective food but no energy-giving or body-building food.
5. Wang Peng’s menu gave customers more protective food. F
6. Wang Peng decided to compete with Yong Hui by copying her menu. F
He decided to advertise the benefits of his menu.
Step 7 Post reading
1. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was ______ _______________________________.
2. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was _____ ____________________________ __________.
Step 8 Homework
1. Retell the text.
(1) Use the first person to retell the story.
(2) Try to use proper prepositions and conjunctions.
2. Prepare for the language learning and do Using Words and Expressions on WB (Page 49and 50).
Language points
Step 1 Revision
Write out your answers according to the passage.
1. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not give ______________________.
2. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not provided ________________________.
3. The weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it did not give __________________________.
4. The strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it provided ______________________.
Keys: enough protective food
plenty of energy-giving food
enough of energy-giving food
plenty of protective food
Step 2 Language points
1. Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?
diet n. 饮食，食物
diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物。
food是一般的用语，凡能吃能喝的具有营养的东西都称为food。
强调种类时，food 可用复数。
Proper _____ and exercise are both important for health.
Many sweet _______ are on sale in the store.
Milk is the _____ for babies.
Keys: diet foods food
【常用表达】
balanced / healthy / poor diet
均衡的/健康的/不良的饮食
vegetarian / high-fibre diet
素食/高纤维的饮食
a diet of fish / fruit / potatoes
只吃鱼/水果/土豆的饮食
be on a diet 节食
2. What will you happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?
balance作动词，意为“均衡，权衡，保持平衡”。
e.g. Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less meat.
You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the
disadvantages.
balance作名词，意为“天平，平衡”。
e.g. Tom lost his balance and tipped backward in the chair.
The company’s success is reflected in its healthy bank balance.
【常用表达】
keep / lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
be off balance 使失去平衡
out of balance 失去平衡
a sense of balance 平衡感
the balance of nature 自然生态平衡
balance beam 平衡木
a favorable balance 入多于出
a unfavorable balance 入不敷出
翻译下列句子。
1. 你能单脚站立多久?
2. 实验室的天平与商店里的秤在什么方 面有所不同?
Keys: How long can you balance on one foot?
In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store?
3. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
-ing形式短语做伴随状语。
e.g. He placed two tables together, spreading all the papers out on them.
Pretending to look frightened, I backed towards the door.
1) Nora stood at the bus stop, ______________________.
娜拉站在公共汽车站旁看报纸。
2) ___________________________, you can have a better view of the city.
站在山顶上, 你能更好地看到这个城市。
3) Olive came _____________________.
奥丽夫跑步来到大楼前。
4) “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ____ out of the window.
A. looking B. to look
C. looked D. having looked
Keys: reading a newspaper
Standing on the top of the hill
running to the building
A
frustrated是形容词，意为“ 失望的，失意的”
e.g. He feels frustrated and angry. 他感到既失意又恼火。
frustrate v. 使挫败, 使不成功
e.g. The bad weather frustrates our hopes of having a picnic.
坏天气使我们野餐的愿望无法实现。
4. “Nothing could be better,” he thought.
= All his foods could be best.
他想, “再没有比这些更好吃的了”。
此句是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。
e.g. — How are you getting on? 你怎么样?
— Nothing could be better. 再好不过了。
— Did you sleep well last night?
— Never better, like a rock.（再好不过）
Nobody loved money better than he.
I think nothing is more pleasant than traveling.
— How did your father feel when he saw what a mess you had made?
— He can’t be ________. (angry)
Key: angrier
1) Nothing is more pleasant than travelling.
= ________________________________
2) 当你疲劳的时候，没有什么比好好休息一下更好的了。
_________________________________
Keys: Travelling is the most pleasant thing.
There is nothing better than a good rest when you are very tierd.
5. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.
see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后面的宾语补足语可以是不带to的动词原形，也可以是-ing形式，但两者的含义不完全相同，前者着重叙述事实的经过，后者着重觉察到的一个正在进行的动作。
e.g. I saw him put everything in his bag and go out.
我看见他把所有的东西都装进了口袋，走了出去。
I saw him putting something in the bag.
我看见他正向口袋里装东西。
6. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
[点拔] 此句是一个主从复合句。主句为Something terrible must have happened; 从句是由if引导的条件状语从句, 即if Li Chang was ... restaurant; as he always did是由as引导的方式状语从句。
must have happened表示对已经发生的事进行肯定的猜测, 意为“一定做了某事”。其疑问形式是can / could提前, 否定形式为: can’t / couldn’t have done。
e.g. She must have arrived home by now.
Judging from her appearance and manner, she couldn’t have been over
fifty years old.
7. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
这是省略的句子，完整的句子应当是：
Are you tired of all that fat? Do you want to lose weight? 因此朗读时应注意用升调。
be tired of 对……厌倦
e.g. I am tired of the same food every day. Can’t we have something different?
天天吃同样的食品让人厌倦，难道我们不能换些花样吗？
8. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶；惊愕
e.g. Everybody was amazed at his design.
大家都对他的设计感到惊讶。
You would be amazed at how difficult it was.
要知道这是多么困难，你会大为诧异的。
9. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
a) have sb. doing something
让某人做某事；让某情况发生
e.g. Our success in the Beijing Olympics has me wondering whether we can win even more medals next time.
我们在北京奥运会上的成功让我真想知道下一届我们能否赢得更多的奖牌。
b) get away with doing sth. 不因某事受惩罚；携带……跑掉
e.g. For that serious accident, he got away with only a fine.
那么严重的事故，他缴了罚款就完事了。
They got away with damaging the car.
他们损坏了汽车却逃之夭夭。
翻译下列句子。
1. Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.
2. Don’t think you can get away with telling lies.
Keys: 那些撒谎和欺骗别人的人绝对逃不过惩罚。
不要以为你撒了谎就可以这样算了。
10. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
win sth. / sb. back 赢回；重新获得
e.g. The party is struggling to win back voters who have been disappointed by
recent scandals.
该党正力争赢回因其最近的丑闻而感到失望的选民。
The team finally won back the championship after two decades.
这支球队最终赢回了阔别20年的冠军头衔。
[拓展]
win over（通过劝说或示好以）获得（支持或友谊）；把……争取过来。
e.g. We’ll be working hard to win over the undecided voters.
我们将努力把犹豫未决的选民争取过来。
win through (= win out) 摆脱困境；终获成功。
e.g. As in most of his films, it’s good guys who win through in the end.
正像他的大多数电影一样，好人最终获得胜利。
将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 多年的沉寂后，他的再次出山 (comeback)赢得了广泛的关注。
2) 他对工作的投入赢得了学生们的尊重。
3) 正如我们所知，在野外，最强壮的才能最终获胜。
Keys: His comeback after years of silence won back wide concern.
His devotion to work won over the respect of students.
As is known to us, the strongest will win through in the wild.
11. The competition between the two restaurants was on!
on作副词与be连用时，可以表示以下几个意思：
(1) (电灯、水等)开着 (2) 正在进行，举行 (3) 上演，演出
① 灯都亮着。
② 他们家的电视总是开着。
③ 电影院在上演什么片子?
④ 我到电影院的时候，电影已经开演五 分钟了。
Keys: The TV is always on in their house.
The lights were all on.
What’s on at the movie?
The film had been on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.
12. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that ...
strength
[观察] 阅读下列各句，并观察strength在句中的含义。
1) He pushed against the rock with all his strength.
他使出全力推岩石。
2) She has a remarkable inner strength.
她有出众的意志力。
3) Political power depends upon economic strength.
政治实力取决于经济实力。
4) The new weapon’s strength lies in its accuracy.
这种新型武器的优势在于其精确性。
[拓展]
on the strength of sth.
在……的影响或帮助下
e.g. I got the job on the strength of her recommendation.
在她的推荐下，我得到了这份工作。
strengthen vt. & vi. 加强；强化
e.g. The organization’s aim is to strengthen the cultural ties between China and
France.
这个组织旨在加强中法两国之间的文化联系。
将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 她再也走不动了。
2) 作为艺术家，她很清楚自己的优点和 不足。
3) 在我兄弟的劝说下，我决定投身于 残疾人的教育事业。
Keys: She didn’t have the strength to walk any further.
She’s well aware of her strengths and weaknesses as an artist.
I’m determined to devote to the education of the disabled on the strength of my brother’s advice.
Step 3 Exercises
I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. Mushrooms are best when _____ (油煎) in olive oil.
2. Mrs Ester was in her late thirties, about average height, with a _____ (苗条的)
figure.
3. Children have a natural c________ about the world around them.
4. Once the _______ (女主人) appeared to ask if we were enjoying our meals, I
managed to give her a silent nod.
5. I don’t want to hear a bunch of big ____ (谎言) about what happened.
6. The steel factory has been supplying us with _____ (未加工的) materials.
7. We aim to offer good quality and service to all our __________ (顾客).
8. I’m feeling rather f_________ in my present job; I need a change.
9. There would be long talks about the strengths and __________ (弱点) of each and every player.
Keys: fried slim curiosity hostess lies raw customers
rrustrated weaknesses
II. 使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。
A: His restaurant ought to be full of people.
B: His restaurant ought to be _________ people.
2. A: This could be the best thing.
B: Nothing could be _______.
3. A: He often lies, so no one believes him.
B: He often _________, so no one believes him.
4. A: The student seemed not to listen to his teacher carefully.
B: _________ that the student didn’t listen to his teacher carefully.
5. A: The two sides were fighting.
B: The fight between the two sides was _____.
Keys: filled with better tells a lie It seemed on
Learning about language
Step 1 Words and important sentences.
Explain the important sentences and language points in the passage.
1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
2. “Nothing could be better,” he thought.
3. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.
4. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
Step 2 Discovering
Find words and expressions from the text that mean the same
1._____something that you say is not true
2.______________ not to be punished for something
3._____uncooked
4.________the strong wish to know about something
5._________someone who buys things or services from a shop, company, etc.
6._______a particular quality that gives someone or something advantages
Step 3 Fill in the blanks
Julie wanted to become thinner. She knew she _______ eat more vegetables and fruit but little meat. However as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a ________ of rice, ________vegetables, bananas and lemons. Three weeks later, she found she weighed as much as ever.
She felt so sad and hopeless about herself and her behaviour changed. She didn’t dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. Luckily, her best friend Fred came to see her and encouraged her to exercise, eat a ________ diet and enjoy life again. Soon Julie became amazingly ________ and _______! She felt very happy.
Step 4 Pair work
In pairs make up a dialogue about food you like or dislike, using the expressions below and as many food words as you know.
My favourite food/fruit/meat is…
I’m fond of…
I don’t often eat…
I really hate…
I can’t stand…
… make me gain/lose weight
Step 5 Discussion
Think of a way to put an end to the competition .
Step 6 Homework
Finish Using words and Expressions on Page 49 of workbook.
Grammar
Step 1 Lead in
What should/shouldn’t we do to keep healthy?
What kind of food must we eat to be strong?
What ought we to do to stay slim?
Step 2 Modal verbs
What modal verbs have you learned?
can/could may/ might
will/ would had better
shall/ should must
have to need
ought to dare
Step 3 Explanation
1. ought to／should
should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。ought to 的语气稍重一些。
You ought to (should) follow your teacher’s advice.
表示主语的义务或责任：
You should take care of your sister．
你应当去照顾你妹妹。
或指出—个正确、明智的动作：
They shouldn't allow parking here；the street is too narrow．
这儿不该允许停车；马路太窄了。
should 和ought to 后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示”过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示”过去不该做但做了”。
You should/ought to have made the decision a week ago.
I shouldn't have made such a foolish mistake.
多数情况下，ought to 可与should互换使用。ought to的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。
2. must和have to
　must的用法?
1）表示主观的义务和必要,?主要用于肯定句和疑问句,?意思为?“必须……，得……，要……”；由must 引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have?to,?否定回答要用needn’t或don’t?have?to,? 意思是“不必” ；
must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。如：?
— Must?I?finish?the?task?right?now?? 　 我现在必须完成这个工作吗？
—Yes,?you?must.?/?Yes,?you?have?to.?
是的。?
(—No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不，不必。)
You mustn’t come here without permission.
未经允许，你不能来这儿。　　
have?to?的用法?
1）must表示一种主观的需要，而have?to?表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。?如：?
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。
Mother is out, so I have to look after the shop.
　 妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。?
2）have?to?的否定形式是don’t have to, 相当于needn’t。如：
They don’t have to buy a computer at present. 　 他们目前没有必要买电脑。?
Step 4 Choose the correct answer
1. By lunchtime they would all be sold.
2. His restaurant ought to be full of people.
3. What could have happened?
4. Nothing could have been better?
5. Something terrible must have happened.
6. I will take all that fat off you in two weeks.
7. He could not believe his eyes.
8. He wondered if he should go to the library to find out.
9. He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
10. He had better do some research.
11. After eating in the restaurant people would become fired very quickly.
Step 5 Explanation
The students will learn the usage of modal verbs and try to make the students clear the functions of modal verbs. Then give them some examples.
Step 6 Exercises
Choose suitable modal verbs from below to complete the following dialogues. There may be more than one possibility.
1. SAM: How can I grow thinner, Mum?
MUM: Well, you _______ eat food with plenty of fiber that helps you digest better. And you ______ stop drinking cola or eating sweet food.
SAM: Does it mean I _______ eat my favourite fried chicken any more?
MUM: Not exactly, if you love fried chicken, you _______ give it up. Just eat it less often. You __________________________ worry too much: a little fried chicken ________ do you good!
2. Doctor: You are sick because you’ve eaten poisonous mushrooms. Where did you get them?
Lucy: I picked then in the forest. I know we _______ eat fresh vegetables.
Doctor: Oh, but you ________ eat them until you’re sure they are not poisonous.
Lucy: Thank you, doctor. I’ll be more careful next time.
3. CHARLES: I wish I could see things clearly in the dark.
TOM: Eating carrots ________ help you see better. You ________ eat some every day.
Step 7 Choose the correct answer
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — I don’t really like James. Why did ____ you invite him?
— Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
2. I ______ worry about my weekend — I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t
3. — How’s your new babysitter?
— We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should B. might C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
4. You ______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to
5. — May I take this book out of the reading room?
— No, you ______. You read it in here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
6. I ____ have watched that movie — it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
7. Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
8. When I was young, I was told that I ____ play with matches.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. daren’t
9. — What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?
— Well, it ______ be big — that’s not important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
10. — What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
— You ______ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
11. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we _____ go to work tomorrow.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
12. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours.
A. can; have to B. may; can
C. have to; may D. ought to; must
Keys: DDDDD AACBA CA
Step 8 Homework
Finish Using Structures on Page 50 of Workbook.
Using language
Step 1 Pre-listening
Work in groups and discuss what illnesses unbalanced diets cause.
scurvy rickets obesity
What these illnesses are?
rickets: legs that do not grow straight 佝偻病
scurvy: teeth fall out, problems with skin and sores that will not heal
坏血病
obesity: much too fat 过度肥胖
Step 2 Listening
1. Listen to the whole dialogue between Wang Peng and an expert. Write down the main idea of the dialogue.
Wang Peng is doing research to find out how an unbalanced diet can affect your health, so you need to eat a balanced diet if you are to stay healthy.
2. Listen again and join the names of the illnesses to their causes.
Scurvy too much rice, noodles, sugar and fat
Rickets not enough vitamin C
Obesity not enough protein and vitamin D
3. After listening, work in pairs and discuss what problems Wang Peng and Yong Hui have and what suggestions you would give them.
Owner of restaurant
Problems with food offered
What food is needed
Wang Peng
Yong Hui
Step 3 Fast reading
Read the text fast, then answer the following questions:
1. Why did Yong Hui come to Wang’s restaurant a week later?
2. How did Yong Hui feel when she had the meal in Wang’s restaurant?
3. What did they find after their chat?
4. How did they combine their menus and provide a balanced menu?
Step 4 Careful reading
Group work
Read the passage carefully and try to answer the question in groups.
What can we learn from the passage?
Step 5 Learn some language points.
1.earn one’s living
1)earn means to get (money) by working 赚，挣（钱）；to get sth because of one’s qualities or actions 博得，赢得
eg: I earn 2000 yuan a month by selling newspapers.
She earned her place in the team by training hard.
2) earn one’s living 谋生
earn one’s / a living = make one’s/a living
谋生
eg: A teacher earns his living by teaching.
2.be in debt
the state of owing 欠债，负债
eg:现在我欠债很多，但希望发工资后能付清。
I’m heavily in debt at the moment, but hope to be out of debt when I get paid.
get/run into debt 负债
in debt to sb = in one’s debt
欠某人的债，受某人的恩惠
out of debt
3.glare vt
to look in an angry way; to shine with a strong light.
glare at
表示“怒目而视”
glance at
表示“粗略地看一下”
4、有关建议或劝告的句型归纳：
5、有关看病的句型归纳：
Step 5 Group work
The way to express “say”
How did they speak
Why did they speak
shouted, thought, called
explained, added, admitted
whispered, smiled, laughed, cried
agreed, wondered, advised, replied
Step 6 Fill in the blanks
1.______a lie
2.______a question
3.don’t_____a word
4.________a language
5.______a story
6._____Business
7._______a topic
8._______a joke
9._______hello
Step 7 Homework
Collect eating attitudes from the Internet.
Practice presenting reasons to support your ideas.
Speaking and writing
Step 1 Speaking
Discuss in groups what food you must eat to have a balanced diet. How much should you eat each day?
Step 2 Group work
Imagine you are planning to open a restaurant which will provide the best local dishes in your area and a balanced diet. In groups discuss how to run the business. Give each other suggestions and advice. The following expressions may help you.
What should we do?
You must / mustn’t…
You’d better …
I would strongly advise you to …
My advice is / would be …
Shall we…?
I think you ought to …
You need /needn’t…
You night…
It might be a good idea to …
How about …?
Perhaps you should…
You have to / don’t have to…
I suggest that you…
Step 3 Writing
Write a short passage to advertise your restaurant and its service. Your writing should:
explain what kind of food will be offered in your restaurant
describe their ingredients, flavour, smell and appearance
explain how they will provide a balanced diet
explain why your restaurant will provide the best food in the area
explain how customers will be served
Step 4 Homework
通过学习这篇写作指导，你掌握了写广告的方法了吗？试着写一下吧，然后与范文加以对照，找出其中的不足并加以改进。
Food and Health 食品与健康
Tofu is as good as medicine for lowing cholesterol
Research published in the fourth week of July 2003 found that the group of people, who ate high-fiber, high-soy food had lowered LDL (the bad cholesterol) by 28.6%, comparing the contract group. The effect of taken high-fiber, high-soy is almost have the same effect as take the statin Mevacor, which is 30.9%. And people who only take low fat food only had lowered LDL by 8% comparing with normal group.
Fish and Health
Seafood take a prime role in Chinese feast. Chinese is good at cooking fish, can make it very delicious and contain less cooking oil. For fish to maintain fluidity in cold water such as Alaska, their fats have to remain liquid.Fish oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids. The two omega-3's in fish are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA).EPA and DHA are essential for human health, DHA it's critical to development of the brain and retina for infant, the human breast milk contain it.EPA and DHA are very benefit the heart and blood vessels.In one study people eat four times of at least three ounce salmon a month reduced 50 percent risk of cardiac arrest. Study show EPA and DHA can inhibit the synthesis of substances that result inflammation and blood clots, stabilize the electrical activity of the heart. Lower blood pressure, triglyceride levels and improve the functioning of artery linings.Although human can convert alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to EPA and DHA, the conversion rate is so low, you need eat a lot of food contain ALA, that's make it impractical. Eating fish is a good way to reach health.
As the world get more pollution, the fish also may become dangerous to your health. mercury is a common toxin, be cautious, especially to pregnant women, to some deep sea fish which eat other fish and result accumulate more mercury in their body. Such as tilefish, swordfish, shark, king mackerel. Also avoid fish comes from some location or area which are heavenly polluted.

Green Tea
Green Tea is favority and traditional drink of Chinese for thousand years. Recent studies have shown that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) an antioxidant found in green tea, is at least 100 more times more effective than vitamin C and 25 times more effective than vitamin E at protecting cells and DNA from damage believed to be linked to cancer, heart disease and other serious illnesses. The antioxidant has twice the antioxidant benefit of resveratrol, found in red wine.
Healthy Diet Pyramid
The following pages introduce you to The Healthy Diet Pyramid. The Pyramid illustrates the research-based food guidance system developed by Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health.
The Pyramid is based on research on what foods Singaporeans eat, what nutrients are in these foods, and how to make the best food choices for you.
The Pyramid will help you choose what and how much to eat from each food group to get the nutrients you need and not too many calories, or too much fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sugar, sodium, or alcohol.
Following the Pyramid will help you keep your intake of total fat and saturated fat low. A diet low in fat will reduce your chances of getting certain diseases and help you maintain a healthy weight.
This guide will also help you learn how to spot and control the sugars and salt in your diet, and make lower sugar and salt choices.
What is the Healthy Diet Pyramid?
The Pyramid is an outline of what to eat each day. It is not a rigid prescription, but a general guide that lets you choose a healthful diet that's right for you.
The Pyramid calls for eating a variety of foods to get the nutrients you need and at the same time the right amount of calories to maintain or improve your weight.
The Pyramid also focuses on fat because most Singaporeans diets are too high in fat, especially saturated fat.

A Balanced Diet - The Pyramid Way
Looking at the Pieces of the Pyramid
The Healthy Diet Pyramid emphasizes foods from the four major food groups shown in the three lower sections of the Pyramid. Each of these food groups provides some, but not all, of the nutrients you need. Foods in one group cannot replace those in another. No one food group is more important than another - for good health, you need them all.
The small tip of the Pyramid shows fats, oils, sugar and salt. These are foods such cooking oils, butter, margarine, sugars, sweet desserts, seasonings and sauces. These foods provide calories and little else nutritionally. Most people should use them sparingly.
On the next level of the Healthy Diet Pyramid are foods that come mostly from animals: Meat and Alternatives like beef, lamb, mutton, pork, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, milk, yogurt, cheese; nuts and seeds. These foods are for protein, calcium, iron, and zinc.
The third level includes foods that come from plants - Vegetables and Fruits. Most people need to eat more of these foods for the vitamins, minerals, and fibre they supply.
At the base of the Healthy Diet Pyramid are Rice and Alternatives like noodles, breads, cereals, chapati, and pasta - all foods from grains. Your daily meals should include largest number of servings of these foods each day.
Healthy eating for teenagers
青春期是人体发育成长的关键时期，健康的饮食对青少年的成长至关重要。
Teenagers and diet
Teenagers’ diets should sustain (维持) growth and promote good health. During this time, a number of physiological (生理学的) changes occur that affect nutritional (营养上的) needs, including rapid growth and considerable gains in bone and muscle (especially in boys). This is also a time when teenagers begin to develop real independence from their parents, including making decisions about the food they eat. Teenagers often choose food in response to other teenagers’ pressure or as an act to go against parents. It’s not all bad news, as there are many opportunities to encourage healthy eating habits in teenagers, particularly when relating good food choices to sporting or physical power. Ensure there are plenty of healthy choices available at home for healthy meals and snacks.
Foods to choose
Adolescence is a time of rapid growth, and the primary diet need is for energy. Ideally, foods in the diet should be rich in energy and nutrients. So teenagers should be encouraged to choose a variety of foods from the basic food groups:
★Plenty of starchy carbohydrates (含淀粉的碳水化合物) — bread, rice, pasta, breakfast cereals and potatoes.
★Plenty of fruit and vegetables — at least five portions (份) every day.
★Two to three portions of dairy products, such as milk, yoghurt, and cheese.
★Two servings of protein, such as meat, fish, eggs and beans.
★Not too many fatty foods.
★Limit sugar-rich food and drinks.
Other important eating habits to follow during adolescence include:
★Drink six to eight glasses of water a day.
★Eat regular meals, including breakfast, as it can provide necessary nutrients and improve concentration in the morning.
★Take regular exercise, which is important for fit-ness and cardiovascular (心血管的) health, as well as bone development.
　　 能量高低判断健康　　从能量的高低可以了解健康的情形，现代饮食会致病，其特色为何？在麦当劳、肯德基登陆台湾十年之后，调查结果显示，北投、天母地区的小学生、国中生、高中生其半数以上血脂肪偏高、胆固醇偏高，而且血糖耐受性不良，这些本该是四、五十岁的人才应担忧的事情，如今小学生就出现，实在可悲，很值得警惕。 　　现代父母过于忙碌，孩子都成为钥匙儿童，回到家，父母都仍未下班，小孩则茫茫然不知所从，等到父母回来，也没时间煮饭，只好到外面吃，吃什么？父母当然听孩子的，于是炸鸡、炸排骨、汽水、可乐……什么都来，还要吃冰淇淋，再带点巧克力糖回家，变成在外是现代的忙碌人，在家是懒散人，因为吃完之后就懒了，没有人吃完这些低能量食物还可以精力充沛，这些都是酸质化、不平衡的食物，常年累积之下如何叫人四体勤快！ 　　外食人口增加，现代化的食物就进攻了，桌上肉为主、蛋为主或是乳类为主，青菜少之又少，更别说饭，现代人不吃饭，吃菜配饭和以前的吃饭配菜是宾主对调，结果让我们要承受现代的文明病。大家不要小看米饭，吃饭不会让人胖的，就热量而言，半杯米煮一碗饭，是一百个卡路里，一个马铃薯差不多也是八十到一百卡，两茶匙生菜沙拉酱的脂肪含量有四百卡的热量，也就是说，两茶匙的沙拉酱等于四碗饭，其他的就不用说了，藏在其中的热量人们通常没有注意。 　　各位逛街时可曾注意，举目望去，胖子多瘦子少，表示无形之中脂肪摄取太多。现代化的食品它的特点就是脂肪高、蛋白质高、糖份高、油脂高、盐份高，只有一个低，就是纤维低，即所谓的「四高一低」，这样的饮食特色造成我们很多的病，再加上菜要现代化，要「速」──速食面、速食餐。 　　大陆现在也已吹速食风，有台湾的投资者投资制造速食面，因为需求量很大，很快就有了二、三十个分厂，年产量是三亿包。可悲啊！就像当年的王子面、生力面侵袭台湾老百姓的身体一样，这些速食面都是用高温油炸的，再放在保丽龙里头，调味料是油、盐、味素，开水一冲，在保丽龙碗中吃，吃了多少隐伏的毒，没有人去考虑；市场上有这种需求，才有这样的制作，但是什么样的需求呢？颜色要鲜艳、要香、要对胃口，所以添加物非常的多，还要防腐，所以一块素鸡放上一年也不会坏，也许消费者吃多了，命终时也不必火葬，因为不会腐烂，早已「防腐」了！ 　　饮食亦应回归自然　　米谷类的结构有三层，三样都俱足的称为「全谷」，去掉麸的叫「胚芽米」，再去掉胚芽的叫「白米」（精制品）；加工品也是现代食物的特色，不但如此，因为颜色不好看，所以再加漂白，真是糟糕。 　　光吃白米会引起脚气病、神经痛，所以我希望大家都吃糙米(Brown Rice)，如果还未尝过的话，回家一定要改吃糙米，因为你把太多好东西都丢掉了。白米中添加再多的营养，在洗米的时候也都随着水流失了，就像小姐的化妆，一点也不实在；做面包最好也是自己买全麦，做时再打成粉，这样最营养、最保险，这与一般买的全麦面粉有何不同呢？主要的是市面卖的全麦面粉的结构已经不是完整──第一层的麸或糠即粗的部份给畜生吃，而细的部份留给「聪明」的人类吃，因为面粉厂绝对没有办法把整个压成粉，由于胚芽含有很高的蛋白质、脂肪，很容易变性，米为何容易生虫、容易腐烂？原因就在这里，因此无法保存，除非立刻冷藏，所以市面上买的全麦并不完整，其实是用白面再加麸百分之三十或四十，这样还是少了胚芽的部份，因此有人再买酵素与麸加进去，尤其有便秘毛病的人，可以多加麸到百分之五十。 　　我们想吃得健康，但是不知道其中的原委。也许在美国大家观念较为开放，还可以接受，但有的人怎么讲也无动于衷，他觉得白米软、香、甜，糙米不容易消化；曾有人做过这方面的实验：在进食两小时后，回抽胃中的东西，糙米已经消化光了，白米成份仍在。 　　白米只是单纯的碳水化合物，它没有米糠的纤维，也没有矿物质与维生素。举这个例子大家也可以知道，所有食物的选择都要着重自然。从前有人访问有名的美容化妆师，请教他化妆最高境界是什么，他答道：「就是不化妆，而能显出一个人的特质。」自然就是美，道理相同，饮食也是吃出原味、吃出自然，方能吃出健康。 　　现代饮食的问题就出在添加物、合成物、精制品太多，违反自然律，我们选择回归自然，就一定会离开「四高一低」，选高纤维、低蛋白、低油脂、低盐、低糖，这样自然减少压力，前面四高一低叫高压力食物，「四低一高」则是低压力食物，吃了以后整天身轻如燕，举重若轻，心情好，工作上再大的压力也不是压力，因为饮食影响心理，很重要。动物性的肉有没有这样的组合？例如牛肉一块，它的成份没有碳水化合物，也就是没有淀粉，所以减肥的可以吃肉减肥，但是它有非常高比例的脂肪和蛋白质，其他如牛奶和蛋，都是高压力的食物。 　　高压力食物毒性强　　我的大姐告诉我一个真实的故事。有一天上街，她的小狗坐在她的车子后座，狗把它的头探出窗外，她不知道，到了高速公路上，她把车窗摇上去，还没听到狗叫，先闻到一股奇臭无比的气味，之后才听到叫声，原来狗脖子给电动窗夹住了！在它生命危集的时候，它会放出毒气。所有的众生在它被杀的时候，都会放出五味杂陈的臭气，所以我们烹饪时，得放很多的调味料，来装饰、掩盖它；叫一个人吃没有处理过的生肉或生蛋，恐怕多数人无法忍受、不敢吃的。 　　肉类的成份，可以分析出来的都不符合健康，分析不出来的我们根本不知道有多少毒素，当我们选择以众生肉为食物的基础，还包含着不可思议的业力与因果！既然如此，我们为何要做这样的选择？要想身体健康，就要好好下一点功夫，选择低压力、清洁、干净、无毒的东西，这样不但可以让我们远离现在的文明病，亦可远离无边业报。 　　吃素缺少蛋白质？　　有关蛋白质的问题大家也不用恐慌。通常人们多以为吃素一定又瘦、又干、又黑，前胸贴后背，四肢冰冷！好像进入没有蛋白质的世界，其实不然。 　　在这个时代，蛋白质只怕太多，不用担忧它不足，因为蛋白质过多会引起肝脏和肾脏过度的承担；我的专长是肾脏科，我知道肾脏病到了很衰竭的时候就变成尿毒症，此时的饮食要低蛋白、低盐，也就是「低压力」的食物，由此可见，病到了紧要关头，要起死回生就要给他这种健康食物，那么我们健康的人要杜绝各种慢性病，更应该早日吃健康食物。 　　有一次在台湾举行肾脏学国际会议，聚餐时，会长请大家吃的就是尿毒症的饮食──清淡无味，低蛋白、低盐、低油、低糖，可是理事长说这才是最健康的。表面上看来，别人还误以为他经费不足，招待大家很不营养的东西，这完全是错觉；我们在蛋白的摄取上，选择低蛋白，巩固了整个的脏器，使它可以正常的运作，觉得不好吃，那只是调配的问题，以后再好好研究就可以了。 　　因此大家不用恐慌蛋白质摄取不够，素食者要注意蛋白质的完整性，也就是我们讲的，蛋白质要充足，其实很简单，只要在米中加豆，就能让植物性蛋白质达到完整的功效。这我称之为米豆饭，即是用糙米，加一点黄豆，以五比一或十比一的比例烹煮，黄豆的lysine是糙米所没有的，而糙米中的Methionine, Gstine则是大豆所没有的，它们像兄弟一样，可以达到互补的功效，就这么简单。切记！绝对不要一碗米、一碗豆，豆子太多了会让你的肚子撑胀起来，因为蛋白质含量太高；一定要一多一少的配合，以谷类摄取为主，让蛋白质稳定。另外也可用糙米加荞麦，荞麦的蛋白质可以补糙米的不足。 　　台湾有一种豆元粉，据说混合了二十几种的谷类，千万不要吃，因为它是即溶的，用水调一调即可食用，又落入速食品之流，想想平时我们吃糙米、大麦、黄豆要煮多久，可见它必定经过高温处理，已破坏了它的外皮结构，吃多了容易上火；原本我们吃全谷类会改善便秘，吃豆元粉反而会便秘，或是觉得口干舌燥，变得燥热上火，这是第一个缺点；其次是种子种类太多，蛋白质的负荷大，也不适合。所以最好还是用全谷来作饭，以此作为饮食的基础。 　　四大金刚　　大家都知道，食物会影响健康，因此选择食物要四低一高，我叫它「四大金刚」，即蔬果谷芽──蔬菜、水果、谷物、芽菜。 　　它们之间的比重，有百分之五、六十是谷物，以谷物做为我们营养的基底，剩下的百分之十五是蔬菜，百分之十到十五是水果，百分之五到十是芽菜种子或豆类，这样配合成为非常坚固的保护，所以谷物非常重要。在我们的饭桌上，希望大家把宾主的关系找回来，饭是主人，菜是客人，要唤回健康，就不要颠倒主客的关系，父母未生我之前的本来面目？参念佛是谁？参吃饭是谁？参我这个桌上的主人是谁？谷物啊！好好地去调配你的谷物。认识我的人知道我不给药的处方，我给米的配方，大家别笑！米怎么配？米要按春、夏、秋、冬，要按照各人的阴、阳、寒、暖，湿性、燥性，配出很好的谷。 　　谷在中国的文字中是相续的意思，是生命生成的意思，它也有善的意思，所以它可以生生不息，是善良、美善的东西。白居易有首诗云：「国之重宝，贤才与谷米。」就是说谷跟贤达的人才一样，是国家的重宝，因此，不论在那个地方，谷物都是非常宝贵的。它一定是黄色的，黄色在五行中是属土。它的味道甘甜，犹如甘草是和事佬，致中和，另外像?本草备要?的第一位是黄耆，黄就是正中的意思。 　　善用谷类，可以让身体归回正中，从不平衡回到平衡，有均衡的作用。过去的中国医书里常教人发芽菜；以前人产后停奶要吃麦芽，麦芽不是麦芽糖，它是谷芽炒焦了，可用来退奶；还有夏季热的时候，要吃浮小麦，也就是现在的麦茶，它生津止渴。以此类推，谷物可以煮熟了吃，还可以烤焦，按各人不同的必须，可以作为药用，适当地调配，作为四季的饮料，因此谷物有它殊胜之处，可别小看它，它奠定我们百分之五、六十的基础，可以让你从寒性变成热性，亦可由湿性变成干性，有旋转乾坤的功能。 　　其次谈蔬菜。它可贵的地方在它的叶绿素，它是植物的血红素，叶绿素和血红素的结构，只差它们的中心点不同，一个带镁，一个带铁，含铁就成为动物的血红素，带镁的就是植物的叶绿素。 　　植物白天吐出氧，把空气中的二氧化碳和水组成它所需的营养，非常神奇，且有清净的作用，空气的清净、血液的清净、废物的清除，都靠叶绿素。所以你不能一餐不吃绿色的东西，根部可以煮熟，叶菜的部份已经很嫩，你把它煮啊！烫啊！太可惜了。在干净无农药残毒的前题下，希望各位每餐都能吃些生的绿色叶菜，它能净化伤口的细菌，清除我们身体中储存的药物残毒、放射线毒等，还有回春的功能，谁不希望青春永驻，八十看起来像五十。蔬菜的绿色，象征着春天大地，充满生机。植物的象征，从它的颜色、形状都蕴藏着不可思议的奥秘，我们多摄取绿色的蔬菜，就会让我们像绿色大地，透过净化、纯化，再生回春。 　　水果大部分是碱性，吃起来却觉得酸，那是水果酸，经过身体转化之后，大部分都成为碱性。 　　水果的成熟度很重要，现代的水果因为运送的关系，又想抢着上市，多半没有成熟就摘下来。水果的能量不够，对我们身体也不好，然而也不能过老过熟，很容易腐败。要刚刚好成熟的，所以最好是买当地现产的，千里迢迢运来的水果又昂贵又稀有，对我们的健康不是很好。水果的第一个特色是碱性，第二就是它本身有清洁的作用，因此在医院中重病的人，你问他想吃什么，他全身的细胞都在说：「果汁、果汁。」当然，果汁的营养因为滤掉了纤维、果皮等等，不如整个水果，但在身体很弱的时候，吃不下整个水果，综合果汁加青菜也是很好的补给品，可以把不要的废物清除，去腐生新，等脾胃开了，身体就恢复了。 　　寒热的调配　　水果大都性凉，除了极少数特别的，像榴梿等，是热性的。泰国、中南半岛的人吃榴梿，一定也吃山竹，一寒不热，不如此都不行，在最酷热的地方，也有最热性的水果给一些身体很寒的人来吃。 　　大地是很公平的，我们要会取用，所以要强调水果的成熟度。生吃水果有清洁、去毒作用，但也有人把水果蒸熟、煮熟来吃，像在台湾有热的甘蔗汁，把水果的寒性去了；另外像香蕉，我们都知道吃香蕉利便，相反地，蒸煮过的生香蕉有收敛作用，专给下泻的人吃。 　　自古以来，中医就懂得从食物的五味五气中，巧妙地运用变化。我盼望在提倡生食的同时，要按照各人的体质食用，不要把自己弄得寒冻冻的，走到身旁就有一股冷气，等到身体失调了，才来责怪蔬菜、水果太寒凉，那是我们自己不懂得调配，不懂得选择。 　　老年人要多吃香蕉，香蕉的钾含量很高，而且很滋润，老化就是比较干燥，累积的毒素也多，需要帮助排便。任何一种水果都有它的不同特性，我们如果深入研究，都会让我们乐此不疲呢！ 　　最后讲芽菜。我的邻居他有痛风，只要多吃五颗花生，第二天他的脚就会痛，他也是素食的人，所以很苦恼，已经是素食，如果再不能吃豆类、种子，能吃什么？我告诉他不难，发芽菜。种子一旦发芽，其结构就会从蛋白质转变成非常容易消化吸收的氨基酸，脂肪也会转换成脂肪酸，淀粉变成简单的单糖，而且保留住很多的酵素、矿物质、纤维。 　　但是大家千万不要懒惰，去买现成的芽菜，你如果不会培养芽菜，赶快学，等你学会了，就不会也不敢去买。因为芽菜的培养很花工夫，尤其是像苜蓿芽，那么细，要照顾换水，虽然有培芽机，你要耐心的去弄，湿度、温度，太冷太热都不行。最先是泡水，然后沥干，上面覆盖一块布，催生，像娃娃在妈妈肚子里，不能见到光；种子发芽的时间不定，一天、二天、三天、五天，小芽出来之后，就要开始抽芽增长，逐渐地长成芽菜，采收也要慢慢的，充满爱心，绝对不能用大机器大规模生产。 　　在现在忙碌的社会里，如果你能买到便宜的芽菜，那其中一定有不可告人的秘密，你也许会买到比你自己种的要好看得多的芽菜，又肥又壮又多水，其实你那瘦瘦小小的芽菜才对，因为那些漂亮的芽菜都已添加了化学生长剂，「水耕蔬菜」也是如此，是没有营养的、空虚的，除了极少数的芽菜，像绿豆芽、苜蓿芽，可以不碰到土就可生长，其他的，像萝卜婴、小麦芽、小麦草，一定都要有土地，经过土壤，吸收矿物质、氮素，才能茁壮绿化。在大量生产的过程中，非常容易动手脚，例如在洒水时加上生长剂，五天就可以采收，自己种的，却要十天，而且长得又瘦又小，但五天的那种，毒素都含藏在里头，因为芽菜生长的时间短，采收快，我们可能把全部的毒都摄取进来，所以芽菜一定要自己种。一个现代人要过田园生活，就是在家种芽菜，这是很有意义的，每天观看着种子发芽，是一种新的生命，你可以体会很多的事情，生活中有健康，家中有生机，绿意盎然。 　　食物也有「三宝」　　蔬果谷芽的搭配已是一个很好的架构，如果身体还是无法调适得很好，还可增加「三宝」──除了大家所熟知的佛法僧「三宝」外，食物中也有「三宝」。 　　我要再一次的强调，前面所谈的蔬果谷芽「四大金刚」，你若能把握住，就已经够了，如果短时间之内还不能稳固，实在是因为吾人长时期的饮食失调，请你在每一餐饭（五谷饭、六谷饭，随各人身体来调适），再添加三宝，三宝不可烹煮，是添加的，随各人的用量，其包括大豆卵磷脂、小麦胚芽和酵母（啤酒酵母）。但是，有些人很怕酵母的味道，还有，假设你排泄一直不好、身体多病的话，可以用胡萝卜汁替代啤酒酵母，另外，亦可在饭中多加麸或糠，其含有丰富的维生素B群。这样食用一段时间之后（因为蔬果是凉性的，三宝是热的），寒暖就得到调适。一个素食主义者，长期吃生菜，身体会冷飕飕的，要这些热性的食物来中和，如果还不够，就要靠调味料，像姜、肉桂……等中国的调味料。我这次来美国，发现印度及西方也有很好的暖性调味料，我想每个地都有它的特色，要善于运用当地的东西，使我们身体达到很理想的阴阳、气血、酸碱平衡状态。 　　身体的治愈能力　　食物可以让我们的身体得到很好的治愈力，「治」是治疗，「愈」是愈合，「治疗」，英文叫"CURE"，「愈合」叫"HEAL"，那一个比较重要？例如我手上长一个疮或一个瘤，医生叫我把它割掉，割了之后就看不见了，这叫治疗(CURE)。但是否真的愈合(HEAL)了呢？没人知道，可能有一天，它又长出一颗来，才知道没有治愈。「愈」是要整体的痊愈，没有任何的疤痕，断绝以后再发的可能，这点，西方药物就无法做到，但食物就有这种功能，而且很快，只要你肯做、用功做。
Unit 2 Healthy eating单元测试题
第二部分：?阅读理解?（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Winners of the third Healthy Lunchtime Challenge came to the White House on Friday, July 18, for a Kids’ State Dinner hosted by First Lady Michelle Obama. They all came from America for a meal that featured a selection of kid-created recipes (食谱).
?????? Mrs. Obama told the winners and their parents that they set a strong example. The First Lady advised winners to “pay it forward” like last year’s winner fromDelaware, 10-year-old Braeden Mannering. He helped the homeless get food and clean water.
President Barack Obama made a surprise appearance at the event. He spoke about the First Family’s favorite food.?“You guys are leaders in your schools,”?the president told the kids,?“and you’re helping to teach people the importance of good nutrition (营养), the importance of putting good food in your bodies so that you’re living healthy, active lives.”
The Healthy Lunchtime Challenge was open to young people between the ages of 8 and 12 and their parents. The competition received about 1,500 recipes. They were judged in the first round on nutritional value, taste, creativity and affordability, and the story behind the recipe. Chefs then prepared the recipes in a second round of judging. The winners were chosen by a group of judges that included great chefs and nutritionists, etc.
Before heading for the White House, the winners and their families visited the National Museum of American History to see the Food exhibit and received healthy breakfast bags from the Walmart Foundation. After the dinner, the group headed for a tour of the White House Kitchen Garden. They all had a wonderful time.
21. What can we learn about this year’s Kids’ State Dinner?
A. It was held at a famous school. ??
B. Some school leaders were invited.
C. It was hosted by President Obama.?? ????
D. Some winning recipes were served.
22. President Obama spoke at the event to _____.
A. describe his food
B. praise the winners
C. introduce healthy lives
D. explain the importance of nutrition
23. According to Paragraph 4, the Healthy Lunchtime Challenge _____.
A. was open to students only
B. aimed to create delicious dishes
C. included only chefs among its judges
D. took stories behind recipes into consideration
24. What did the winners do after the Kids’ State Dinner?
A. They toured the White House Kitchen Garden.
B. They saw a great food exhibition.
C. They shopped in Walmart.
D. They visited a museum.
?
B
Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams (阻塞) and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So the city began a scheme (计划) to improve the situation.
Under the Velib scheme (‘Velib’ comes from vélo liberté, or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!
Paris?is not the first city to have a scheme like this. But not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, ‘These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle — they’ll still use their cars.’
A city spokesman said, ‘The bicycle scheme won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.’
25. What can we learn about the Velib scheme?
A. Its bikes have no baskets.
B. Its bikes are light and colorful.
C. It aims to make traveling easier.
D. It owns more stations than the subway.
26. If you use a Velib for 1 hour, you should pay _____.
A. ?1???????????? ????????????? B. ?30?? ????? ???
C. ?29 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. no money
27. Why do some people disagree with the Velib scheme?
A. The cost is rather high.
B. It’s hard to find a Velib station.
C. It’s not suitable for a long journey.
D. The distance between two Velib stations is long.
28. What’s the city spokesman’s attitude towards the bicycle scheme?
A. Doubtful.????????? ?? B. Positive.
C. Uncaring.????????? ?? D. Worried.
?
C
At any given time, there are thousands of pairs of shoes in the Share Your Soles storehouse in the South Side Pullman neighborhood. They come from churches, schools and men’s and women’s clubs all over the country.
There is seldom a shortage of shoes, said Director Mona Purdy, but she can’t always say the same for the money that will allow them to get where they’re needed. “Shoes are step one,” Purdy said. “But shoes don’t get boxed and shipped without money.” So, Purdy said, she is giving an open invitation to the society to support the organization’s yearly fundraiser (资金筹集活动). It will take place this year on Thursday, Sept. 18, at Burnham Park Yacht Club, from 6 to 10 p.m.
Set up in 1999 by Purdy, Share Your Soles has given out more than two million pairs of new and gently used shoes to men, women and children in developing countries throughout the world. Purdy first learned of the crying need for shoes during a trip to Central America, where she saw children painting tar (沥青) on the bottom of their feet so they could run a race at a festival in their village. She later met a visiting American doctor who told her there would be less need for him to cut off the infected (被感染的) legs of the children in the area if they had shoes to wear. Since then, Purdy has started to help people with this basic need.
While many charities (慈善团体) may share the same work, Purdy said, Share Your Soles is different in its way of giving. She insists that receivers perform an act of kindness before they are able to choose a pair of shoes to wear.
Despite (尽管) working 90 hours a week, Purdy said, her love for Share Your Soles remains strong.?“This is my life,”?she said.
29. What is the main problem for Share Your Soles?
A. It is short of money.?
B. It receives fewer shoes.??
C. It has no place to store shoes.?
D. It is little known by the public.?
30. According to the text, Share Your Soles _____.
A. was created by a group of church members
B. has helped a large number of people
C. opens from 6 to 10 p.m. every day
D. is at Burnham Park Yacht Club
31. What did Purdy learn from the visiting American doctor?
A. A local tradition of painting tar on feet.?
B. The serious effects of having no shoes.
C. The common diseases of poor children.
D. An important festival in?Central America.
32. Those who want to receive shoes from Share Your Soles should _____.
A. pay a little money ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. be young children?
C. be a charity worker?? ???? ?????? D. do a good thing first
?
D
These days we mostly hear news about animals being endangered. So a conservation (保护) success story is certainly one to celebrate. Researchers have recently noted that Californian Blue Whales have been making a comeback!
Blue whales are the largest animals ever to have lived on the earth. They have been on the list of endangered animals for a while now. Humans hunted blue whales more than 100 years ago, and the animals almost die out.?It is only recently that some of their cousins are returning.?It has been found that there are now about 2,200 Californian Blue Whales today?—?nearly 97% of the original (原先的) population, before humans started whaling.?
Blue whales can live up to about 80 to 90 years. They are also one of the loudest animals on the earth. They make noises that other whales can hear, up to 100 miles away. They spend winters in warm waters to give birth and travel to the Arctic (北极的) seas during summer in search of food.?
Long ago, blue whales used to be plentiful in the oceans and numbered in the hundreds of thousands. Now, there are only 10,000 to 25,000 of them worldwide. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, people would hunt whales for their organs (器官).?Japan?and?Russia?were among the best-known whaling nations. They hunted whales for food, clothing and other valuable products. Over-hunting caused the whale population to become smaller.
Conservation efforts of the last few years have certainly paid off. These include efforts to stop catches and increased monitoring of whales’ living places. Saving blue whales cannot be a local effort; it will need everybody around the world to come together.?
33. Recently, Californian Blue Whales _____.
A. are increasing in number
B. are becoming endangered
C. are being hunted by the locals????
D. are a lot thinner than other whales
34. Paragraph 4 is mainly about _____.
A. the history of whaling
B. the value of blue whales
C. the difficulties of hunting blue whales
D. the reason why blue whales became endangered
35. Conservation work on whales in the past few years can best be described as _____.
A. easy???????????????????????? B. interesting
C. successful ?????????????? D. late
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A “pen name” is not a writer’s real name. It is a name that a writer chooses.? 36? Some writers simply want to hide their real names. Other writers use pen names because they think readers will better accept their writings. So, writers may change their names to be more like what readers expect. Other times, writers use pen names because they write about disputed (有争议的) ideas.??37?
For much of history, most books have been written by men. Often, women’s books were not well liked or popular.??38?
When they did publish (出版) stories written by women, the stories were usually love stories. But they seldom published women’s stories about culture, politics and social topics.??39?
This was true of Mary Ann Evans. Mary Ann Evans wrote one of the most famous books in the English language:?Middlemarch. But Evans’ name does not appear on the book’s cover. Instead, the cover has her pen name on it — “George Eliot.”
?40??Rowling changed her name to hide her sex to sell more books. But Evans used a male (男性的) name because she did not think people in 19th-century England would listen to her ideas because she was a woman.
Apart from George Eliot and J.K. Rowling, women from all over the world have used male pen names. And today, some female writers continue to use them for the very same reasons.
A. Evans has written a lot of books about culture.
B. Writers use pen names for many different reasons.
C. By using a pen name, they protect themselves from trouble.
D. So, women who wrote about these topics changed their names.
E. For example, some kinds of books are written mostly by one sex.
F. In 19th-century?England, many publishers would not consider printing a book written by a woman.
G. Evans used a pen name for a very different reason from the famous writer J.K. Rowling, whose real name is Joanne Rowling.
?
第三部分：?语言知识运用?（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many people spend their New Year’s Eve getting dressed up and dancing their way to midnight. My brother and I decided to do things a bit??41?.
We each filled a backpack with clothes, shoes and other things and headed out to the??42?. The first person we saw was a 15-16-year-old boy picking up??43?plastic bottles on the train platform (站台). We called him over and started up a(n)??44?. We had a look at his??45??and noticed he had??46???fingernails (手指甲). We explained that it was???47??to keep short nails and then we??48??cutting them for him. When we were??49?, we offered him some chocolate candies, which made him look at us???50?. We talked to him some more and began???51??some of the chocolate ourselves. Finally, he??52??took the chocolate himself and then began telling us his??53?.
His name was Raju. After his mother died, his father remarried. Unable to??54??his stepmother (继母), Raju ran away from??55??and has been living on the streets for 3 years, collecting and???56??empty plastic bottles.
When we met Raju, he wasn’t wearing any??57?. One quick look into our backpacks and we??58??what we were looking for — a pair of Nike shoes. When we dressed him in them — Raju’s eyes were full of??59?. “These shoes are so great. Nothing will hurt my??60?. Thank you so much!” Touched by our actions, he joined us as we walked around and looked for those in need.
41. A. busily????????????????????B. differently? C. quickly?????????????????????D. carefully
42. A. shop ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. bus station? C. train station ? ? ?? ? D. forest
43. A. empty????????????????????B. new ??????? ?C. useful?????????????? D. beautiful
44. A. trouble??????????????????B. game? C. experiment??????? ??????D. conversation
45. A. head???? ???????????????B. legs???????? ??C. hands???????? ??????????????D. face
46. A. no??????? ????????????????B. broken??????????? ?C. long?????????? ???????????????D. dirty
47. A. difficult ? ? ? ? ? B. possible???? ?C. strange???????????????????????D. important
48. A. began????????????????????B. preferred??? C. enjoyed??????????????????????D. continued
49. A. asked?????????????????????B. done???????? ?C. accepted?????????????????? D. advised
50. A. gladly????????????????????B. bravely???? ?C. doubtfully ? ?? ? ? ? ?D. nervously
51. A. sending??????????????????B. throwing ? C. eating????????????????????? ???D. keeping
52. A. slowly ? ? ? ? ? ? B. secretly ??? C. directly ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? D. hopelessly
53. A. wish???? ?????????????????B. story????????? C. luck ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? D. wealth
54. A. catch up with?????????B. make use of??????C. get along with????? D. take hold of
55. A. school????????????????????B. platform?? ???? ?C. city ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. home
56. A. borrowing??????????????B. selling ????? C. returning ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. painting
57. A. shoes??????????????????????B. shirts???????? C. gloves????????????????????? ???D. trousers
58. A. forgot??????????????????????B. described ?C. found ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. checked
59. A. fear ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. happiness? ?C. surprise ? ? ? ? ? ? D. politeness
60. A. feet ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. heart????????? C. belief ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? D. life
?
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：?语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Doctor: Good morning. What seems to be the trouble?
Mike: Good morning, doctor. I feel terrible. I’ve got 61. ________ cold and I have a rash (疹子) on my neck. I’m not sleeping well either. What do you think the problem 62. ________ be?
Doctor: I’d say you’ve been working too hard or under stress for some reason. Have you been taking anything for your cold?
Mike: Yes, I bought some medicine. I’ve been taking 63. ________ for three days.
Doctor: Good. I’m going to prescribe (开药) something stronger. It will make you feel 64. ________ (sleep), so you certainly should rest.
Mike: OK. I can afford to take a few days 65. ________ work.
Doctor: Have you been working hard 66. ________ (recent)?
Mike: Yes, I have. I had to get a project 67. ________ (finish). It’s done now, so I can relax a little.
Doctor: Good. Let’s take a look at that rash?—?it looks 68. ________ (bad) than it is. I’m going to prescribe some ointment (药膏) for it. 69. ________ the rash doesn’t clear up in a few days, consult me. Any other problems?
Mike: I have a bad headache, but ...
Doctor: Don’t worry about that. It’s probably due to the stress you’ve been under. Just take some pills. 70. ________ (combine) with the stronger medicine for your cold, they will make you feel very tired. If I were you, I’d just sleep, read a book, or watch TV.?
Mike: Thanks a lot.
?
第四部分：?写作?（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
???????假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
???????增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
???????删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
???????修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
???????注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Reading?is my favorite hobby. My love for read will never die because books are teachers as well as friend in my life. As we know, books are the source of the knowledge. There is a variety of books for us to choose, like history books, science books, literary books and so on. So I’m interested in literary books, especially these by famous writers. For one thing, they can certain improve my writing skill. For another, they can provide me for great fun. Isn’t it a pleasant to get so much peace of mind from reading?
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席。针对不少同学爱吃快餐及经常不吃早饭的情况，请你代表学生会写一篇倡议书，呼吁同学们培养健康的饮食习惯。
注意：1.?词数100左右；2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21-25 DBDAD ? ? ? ? ? ? ?26-30 ACBAB
31-35 BDADC???? ???? 36-40 BCFDG ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 41-45 BCADC
46-50 CDABC???? ???? 51-55 CABCD ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?56-60 BACBA
61. a ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 62. can / could / may / might? ??? 63. it?
64. sleepy ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?65. off????? 66. recently???? ????? 67. finished
68. worse ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?69. If??????? 70. Combined?
短文改错：
71. ... love for read ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? read?→?reading
72. ... friend in my life. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?friend?→?friends
73. ... source of the knowledge.? ???????去掉the
74. There is a variety of ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?is?→?are
75. ... to choose ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? choose后加from
76. So I’m interested in ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? So?→?But
77. ... these by famous writers. ? ? ? ? ? these?→?those
78. ... they can certain ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?certain?→?certainly
79. ... provide me for great fun. ? ? ? ? ? for?→?with
80. ... a pleasant to ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?pleasant?→?pleasure
One possible version:
Dear friends,
Some students in our school prefer eating fast food and others often skip breakfast, which is bad for our health.?
Fast food is considered to be junk food because they don’t provide enough of the nutrients we need in a day. The negative effects of skipping breakfast can also be serious. Experts say breakfast is the most important meal of the day, without which our body cannot fun_ction properly.
Let’s develop a healthy lifestyle from now on. Remember: eat meals on time, have a balanced diet and take exercise regularly.?
We are what we eat. Let’s take good care of ourselves in order to keep fit.
???????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? Students’ Union
Book 3 Unit 2 Healthy eating
第二部分： 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
George Washington was the first President of the United States of America. He served as President from April 30, 1789 until March 4, 1797. His Vice-President was John Adams, 21. ________ was later voted the second President of the USA.
George Washington was often connected 22. ________ cherries (cherry tree, cherry pie etc.) by people. According to his biographers, the President did, indeed, love cherries. He also loved a wide variety of fruits, nuts, and fish. He preferred simple meals 23. ________ fancy ones. George Washington’s home was 24. ________ (complete) self-sufficient (自给自足的). It had big farms, gardens, meat preservation facilities and animals. Family’s eating habits once 25. ________ (record) in Martha Washington’s Book of Cookery.
Food reflects the man. 26. ________ George Washington was not interested in the big dishes, yet he was anxious 27. ________ (offer) as many delicious foods as possible to his guests, simple in his own tastes but generous toward? 28. ________. As food reflects the man, it also reflects the times. The food served at the President’s table from 1789 to? 29. ________ end of Washington’s second term, 1797, showed the new nation’s 30. ________ (dependent) on the land. Fowl, meats, plantation-grown fruits and vegetables, fish from local rivers of the Atlantic reflected the abundance (丰盛) of the land at that time.
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My dad came to America from Greece at the very young age of fourteen. He ?31 ?an average of fourteen hours per day, six to seven days a week, for over thirty-five years.
Because of his ?32 ?work, he owned many restaurants in New Jersey. He was ?33 ?his achievements and what he could ?34 ?for his family.
When I was graduating from college, Dad told me he decided to ?35 ?the restaurants and retire (退休). “If you are graduating, my ?36 ?is over. I have ?37 ?my children and provided for all of you. I am going to ?38 .”
“Great, but what will you do? I ?39 ?know you cooking in the kitchen and serving customers. I can’t imagine you doing anything else,” I said.
“I am going to play golf!” he ?40 .
“Golf? You have never played golf. I never heard you mention golf,” I was ?41 .?
And then Dad ?42 ?to play golf. He taught my brother and me the ?43 ?and shared his interest with us. Dad would look at us and say, “If you live your life as you play the game of golf, you will be ?44 .”
He repeated often, “When you get to the green, stay focused (集中精力的) and hit straight down the fairway (平坦球道). Don’t ?45 ?anything else, and just know where you want to put the ball. Do this and you will ?46 ?your goals.”
Dad wanted us to have ?47 ?and to stay focused on them to achieve ?48 . He also wanted us to ?49 ?ourselves and take time to have fun with friends and family.
Dad retired at the age of fifty-six and played golf every day until his death at the age of eighty-six. What a ?50 ?role model!
31. A. worked????????????????????B. studied?????? C. practiced???????????????D. ran
32. A. dangerous???????????????B. light??? ???? C. poor???????????????????????D. hard
33. A. worried about??????? B. prepared for?????? C. proud of ? ? ? ? D. tired of
34. A. care????? ???????????????? B. find???? ? ??? C. say ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??D. provide
35. A. open ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. sell? ? ????? C. manage?????????????????D. decorate
36. A. plan????? ??????????????????B. doubt? ???????????? C. job????? ? ??? ???????????D. hobby
37. A. treated?????????????????????B. helped??????? C. educated?????????????????D. noticed
38. A. retire??? ???????????????????B. travel? ???? C. leave?? ?? ???????????? D. cook
39. A. still?????? ???????????????? B. only ???????? C. even ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. never
40. A. suggested ? ? ? ? ? B. accepted??????????? C. agreed ?? ? ????? ??D. replied
41. A. excited?????????????????????B. ashamed ?? C. shocked???? ????????? D. satisfied
42. A. failed? ?????????????????????B. began? C. forgot???????????? D. remembered
43. A. direction???????????????????B. game???????????????? C. custom????????? D. language
44. A. strong?? ????????????????????B. special C. normal ? ? ? ? ? ??D. fine
45. A. give up???????????????????? B. believe in C. turn to ? ? ? ? ? ? D. think about
46. A. reach ? ?????????????????? B. change????????????? C. refuse ???????????????????D. keep
47. A. memories??????????????????B. goals????????? C. problems ? ? ? ? ??D. families
48. A. happiness ???????????????B. praise???????? C. success?????????????????????D. effort
49. A. trust???? ????????????????????B. organize???? C. enjoy? ? ??????????????????D. count
50. A. terrible??????????????? ?????B. great ??????? C. strange? ??????????????????D. simple
第三部分： 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Car washes are a common sight throughout Nigeria, but Madinat Aliyu’s roadside business is very special: she is the only woman car-washer in the north of the country.
“This job has caused me a lot of problems,” said the 27-year-old, checking cars waiting to be cleaned in Gusau, the capital of Zamfara state.
Aliyu took up her work two years ago, hoping to use the 7,000 naira (￡28) she earned every month to put her younger sisters and brothers through school following the death of their mother, the only one who made money to support the family. But her family begged her to stop doing this job, and she has received “judgment and warnings” from strangers too.
“My grandmother cried for many days. Some people thought it was a joke to bring more customers. Others said if she is doing it for money, let’s just give her money to stop bringing us shame,” she said as she got water from a well by the roadside. “But I hate laziness or depending on somebody else.”
However, Aliyu has admirers. “Some customers only allow her to wash their cars,” said her colleague (同事) Shamsudeen Mohammed. “I was trained to wash cars by men, and I can honestly tell you women are better to work under,” he added.
Recently another woman came to Aliyu to ask for advice on starting her own car wash. “Unfortunately her family discouraged her. I told her, if you listen to them, you will find yourself begging or marrying a man who is older than your grandfather,” she said.
Though she is considered a pariah (贱民) by many, Aliyu has no plans to stop her work. “I see men doing something and I think I can do it too.”
51. Madinat Aliyu washes cars mainly to _____.
A. make a living
B. learn about cars
C. meet her future husband
D. know the life of the poor
52. From the fifth paragraph, we know Shamsudeen Mohammed _____.
A. thought Aliyu did a good job
B. trained Aliyu to wash cars
C. had more customers than Aliyu
D. liked to work with men
53. As a woman car-washer, Aliyu _____.
A. gets her family’s support
B. dreams of going to school
C. is thought highly of by strangers
D. sets an example for the women in Nigeria
54. Which of the following can best describe Aliyu?
A. Shy but smart.?????????
B. Independent and confident.?????????????
C. Honest but lazy.???????
D. Humorous and imaginative.
?
B
It’s the 3rd Annual Family Fun Fair!
? Games?? ? Crafts (工艺品)?? ? Apple pie contest
? Food?? ? Face painting?? ? Door prizes (门票对号奖)
... and more!
What: A chance to celebrate spring, support our community (社区), and have fun!
When: Saturday, February 8th from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., rain or shine!
Where: The big field next to Hopedale Elementary School
For more information: Contact Peter Halm at 555-0191
Don’t miss the 3rd annual Family Fun Fair!
This fair promises to be even better than last year’s fair — no kidding!
Last year the game booths (摊位) were a big hit. (Who could forget Principal Snyder winning a toy dog that was so big it took four students to carry it to her truck?) This year we have two new game booths. So get ready to take part in the games.
Visit our craft tables. They will be better than ever! You can buy items such as clothing, backpacks, and gift baskets.
Children ages 5 and under can have their faces painted for FREE by Mr. Garcia’s third-grade art class.
No fair would be complete without food. We will be selling hot dogs, ice cream, roasted nuts, and cotton candy at our booths. For those of you who love to bake, why not enter our new apple pie contest? Just bring your pie to the pie table on the morning of the fair. At 1 p.m., our judges, Coach Carter and math teacher, Mrs. Adams, will choose a winner.
Won’t you please support our school by coming to the fair? Tickets are only $2 each. Door prizes will be given. You could win sports equipment, a new camera, or dinner for four at Merino’s Restaurant!
?????? This will be the best fair ever. Don’t miss it!
55. What do we know about the 3rd Annual Family Fun Fair?
A. It is organized by Mr. Garcia.
B. It will be held even if it rains.
C. It is only open to children aged 5.
D. It will be held inside an elementary school.
56. According to the text, the apple pie contest _____.
A. requires the competitors to bring pies they bake
B. includes a dinner for four at Merino’s Restaurant
C. sells the pies the competitors make in the contest
D. teaches the competitors how to bake apple pies
57. Anyone who takes part in the fair _____.
A. can enjoy food for free
B. must be good at baking
C. will have their face painted
D. should spend $2 on the ticket
?
C
A study of 27,000 men showed those skipping (不吃) breakfast were at a greater risk of heart problems. The British Heart Foundation said breakfast helped people resist (抵制) sugary snacks before lunch.
The men, aged 45-82, were studied for 16 years. During that time there were more than 1,500 heart attacks or cases of deadly heart failure. However, people who skipped breakfast were 27% more likely to have heart problems than those who started the day with a meal. The researchers took into consideration other lifestyle risk factors (因素) such as smoking and exercise.
Researcher Dr Leah Cahill told the BBC: “The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour. The results show that something is better than nothing, but it’s always better to have something healthy and balanced.”
She said the timing of the meal seemed to be key and waiting until lunch rather than “having breakfast” may be straining (损伤) the body over time. This could be increasing the risk of high blood pressure and fatness which could in turn damage the heart. “Don’t skip breakfast,” Dr Cahill suggested.
Victoria Taylor, an expert with the British Heart Foundation, said: “These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people. What we do know is that a healthy breakfast can make that mid-morning biscuit less tempting, as well as giving you another opportunity to widen the variety of foods in your diet. Cereals (谷类食品) with low fat milk are a good way to start the day. Try a banana or dried fruit on top and you’ll be on your way to a fine day before you’ve even left the house.”
58. What does the text mainly deal with?
A. The effects of snacks on the health of the heart.
B. An interview by the BBC on people’s lifestyles.
C. What a healthy and balanced diet should contain.
D. The relationship between breakfast and a healthy heart.
59. Dr Leah Cahill’s suggestion is that we should _____.
A. fix the time for each meal we eat in a day
B. make sure our breakfast is always balanced
C. eat our breakfast immediately after getting up
D. have breakfast within an hour after waking up
60. The underlined word “tempting” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “_____”.
A. attractive? ???????????????????? B. valuable? ? ?????? C. obvious? ??????????????? D. familiar
61. According to Victoria Taylor, _____.
A. men over 45 are more likely to get heart diseases
B. fresh fruits like bananas are necessary for a healthy breakfast
C. it’s healthy to eat some biscuit between breakfast and lunch
D. the researchers should have covered other age groups in their study
?
D
?(CNN) — This photograph of two men sharing a drink 30 meters below the water is part of an art project exploring the mysterious world of freediving — a form of underwater diving that relies on a diver’s ability to hold his or her breath until resurfacing rather than on the use of oxygen tanks (氧气瓶).
Each man, dressed in shirt, jeans and sunglasses, sits in a chair at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea with local sharks — harmless to humans — swimming just meters away. Of course, these aren’t ordinary men, but freedivers: extreme athletes who dive on a single breath of air.
American photographer Lia Barrett had been taking pictures of brave divers competing at the Caribbean Cup off the coast of Honduras, when she decided to create a fantastic underwater world in which humans go about everyday tasks — such as drinking coffee or riding bikes.
“After the competitors had a great time in the new national and world records set at the competition, I took advantage of their breath-holding skills to do photo shoots I had only dreamed of before,” said the 29-year-old.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, Barrett is often asked whether the amazing pictures are Photoshopped. She laughs quietly as she insists they’re 100% real.
The picture of two men having coffee took 50 minutes to create, with the men receiving oxygen from standby assistants around every three minutes.
“On the way back up, we were holding onto the table during our decompression (减压) stop in the strong current (水流) — it was quite a scene.”
The underwater models made an 11-minute stop on the way back to the surface, making sure they didn’t rise too quickly and suffer decompression sickness — which can cause deadly blackouts (眩晕).
62. The photograph mentioned in the first paragraph _____.
A. has set a new world record
B. aims to call on people to protect sharks
C. realizes the photographer Barrett’s dream
D. is one activity of the Caribbean Cup
63. The Caribbean Cup held off the coast of Honduras mainly shows competitors’ _____.
A. swimming skills
B. Photoshop skills
C. photography skills
D. breath-holding skills
64. Many people think the picture of two men having coffee below the water is _____.
A. not real??????????????????? B. not perfect? ????????????? C. not surprising?????????? ?????? D. not interesting
65. Why did the two models make an 11-minute stop on the way back to the surface?
A. To have more photographs taken.
B. To enjoy the underwater world.
C. To bring back the table.
D. To avoid getting sick.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cookies for Jacob
Maya is at the post office with Grandpa. ?66?? Maya and Grandpa made the cookies together.
When they get to the post office, a nice woman named Vivian weighs the package and puts a shipping label (标签) on it. Grandpa pays for the postage (邮资).
?67
“Will somebody drive them all the way to his house?” she asks Vivian.
Vivian tells Maya what she would see if she could follow the package on its way. In the back of the post office, it will travel on a moving belt through a machine that can read the code (编码) on the shipping label. ?68?
The machine sorts Maya’s package with other boxes heading to Jacob’s town. Then they will be put onto a truck that will take them to the airport.
At the airport, the packages will be loaded onto a plane.
?69?
When the plane lands, the packages will travel by truck to a big postal service plant.
In the plant, Maya’s package will be sorted again and put into a bag for Jacob’s postman. The package of cookies will ride in a truck again, all the way to Jacob’s post office. His postman will pick it up and bring it to him.
?70 ?Maybe he will send her a picture to thank her. She knows exactly how it would get to her.
A. Grandpa drove a plane before.
B. Maya hasn’t seen Jacob for almost one year.
C. The code will tell the machine where Jacob lives.
D. Maya wonders how the cookies will get to Jacob.
E. Maya’s package will fly all the way to Jacob’s town!
F.? Maya imagines how happy Jacob will be when he gets the cookies!
G. They are sending a package of delicious cookies to her cousin, Jacob.
?
第四部分： 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
?????? 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
?????? 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
?????? 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
?????? 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
?????? 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
?????? Last week, our class have a discussion about the celebrations to welcoming the former teachers and students. We wanted to organize a tea party in the classroom for all the former teachers or students. This would be an wonderful opportunity for them to meet new friends and talk together. We could find old photos for the school, teachers and students and make a display which we could put them up in the classroom. The visitors could then look around at the photo as they were enjoying their tea. This activity would popular because it would remind the visitors of the days when they spent together.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你校校报正在就Which is more important, a good score or a healthy lifestyle?这个话题进行英语征文活动。请你根据下面的内容提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿。
1. 现状； 2. 你的观点和理由。
注意：1. 词数 120左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。????
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21. who???????? ????????????? 22. with
23. to ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?24. completely
25. were recorded? ????? 26. Although / Though
27. to offer ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 28. others?? ? ????????????? 29. the
30. dependence??? ????? 31-35 ADCDB ? ? ? ? ? 36-40 CCABD
41-45 CBBDD ? ? ? ? ? ?46-50 ABCCB ? ? ? ? ? ?51-55 AADBB
56-60 ADDDA??? ?????? 61-65 DCDAD?????? ?????? 66-70 GDCEF
短文改错：
71. ..., our class have a ...??????????? ?????? have?→?had??
72. ... celebrations to welcoming ...????? welcoming?→?welcome
73. ... teachers or students.????????? ?????? or?→?and?????
74. ... an wonderful opportunity ... ???? an?→?a????????
75. ... meet new friends ...?????????? ?????? new?→?old ?
76. ... photos for the school, ... ? ? ? ? ? ?for?→?of??????
77. ... put them up ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??去掉them
78. ... at the photo ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?photo?→?photos???
79. ... would popular ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?popular前加be
80. ... the days when ...???? ???????????? ?????? when?→?that或去掉when
One possible version:
As students, a good score is very important to us. In order to get a good score, many students spend most of their time on study. As a result, some students are weak, and some are facing the problem of obesity.
However, I strongly believe that a healthy lifestyle is much more important. A healthy lifestyle means eating healthy food and doing exercise, which will benefit us a lot. A balanced diet and everyday exercise will keep us fit and energetic. And with a healthy body, we will be happy and confident, which makes it possible for us to study better.
So to get a good score, we should first have a healthy lifestyle.
部分解析
语法填空：
21. who。考查定语从句。先行词是John Adams,?表示人，所以填who。
22. with。考查介词。be connected with表示“把……和……联系起来”。
23. to。考查介词。prefer ... to ...?表示“喜欢……胜过……”。
24. completely。考查副词。completely此处修饰形容词self-sufficient。
25. were recorded。考查时态和语态。此句描述的是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时；又因为主语是该动作的承受者，所以填were recorded。
26. Although / Though。考查连词。“虽然华盛顿不喜欢美味佳肴，但他却急于给客人们提供尽可能多的美味的食物，自己吃得简单却对他人（others）很大方。”
27. to offer。考查非谓语动词。be anxious to do sth.?表示“急于做某事”。
28. others。考查代词。见26题解析。
29. the。考查冠词。此处end表特指，故前面用the。
30. dependence。考查名词。此处用dependent的名词形式作show的宾语。
?
完形填空：
话题：家庭
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者父亲打高尔夫球的故事。
31. A。32. D。由第一段描述的时间和下文描述“我”父亲拥有多家餐馆可知，父亲在三十五年期间“工作（worked）”得很“辛苦（hard）”。
33. C。能拥有多家餐馆，父亲对自己所取得的成就感到“自豪（proud of）”。
34. D。由下文的provided for all of you可知，努力工作的父亲“供养（provide）”了全家。
35. B。由下文父亲准备退休可知，父亲决定“卖掉（sell）”餐馆。
36. C。孩子毕业了，父亲的“工作（job）”也就完成了。
37. C。由上文的If you are graduating可知，此处是说让孩子们“受教育（educated）”。
38. A。由上文的Dad told me he decided to ... the restaurants and retire可知。
39. B。由下文的I can’t imagine you doing anything else可知，“我”“只（only）”知道父亲会做饭。
40. D。父亲“回应（replied）”了“我”提出的疑问“..., but what will you do?”。
41. C。“我”从未听说过父亲会打高尔夫球，因此当“我”听父亲说他即将要打高尔夫球时，感到很“震惊（shocked）”。
42. B。由下文父亲通过打高尔夫球给我们讲人生道理可知，父亲“开始（began）”打球了。
43. B。父亲教“我”和哥哥的正是打高尔夫球这项“运动（game）”。
44. D。由下文父亲时常提醒我们的事情可知，如果我们像打高尔夫一样地生活，我们就会活得“很好（fine）”。
45. D。由上文的stay focused可知，父亲告诫我们打球要集中精力，不要“思考（think about）”其他的事情。
46. A。由上文的just know where you want to put the ball可知，集中精力进球，这样你才能“实现（reach）”目标。
47. B。48. C。由上文父亲时常告诫我们的话可知，他希望我们拥有“目标（goals）”，集中精力去获得“成功（success）”。
49. C。由下文的to have fun with friends and family可知，父亲同时也希望我们享受生活，有时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光。enjoy ourselves与have fun相呼应。
50. B。父亲所做的一切，让他成为了我们心中“伟大的（great）”偶像。
?
阅读理解：
A篇（兴趣）
???????本文是记叙文。文章介绍了尼日利亚女洗车工Aliyu自食其力的故事。
51. A。细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Aliyu的母亲曾经是家里唯一的经济支柱，自从母亲去世后，她就承担起供养妹妹和弟弟上学的重任，故Aliyu洗车的目的是为了养家糊口。
52. A。推理判断题。根据第五段Mohammed说的话可知答案。
53. D。推理判断题。Aliyu是尼日利亚北部唯一的一位女性洗车工，最近有妇女向她寻求开洗车行的建议，由此可知，?Aliyu为尼日利亚的女性树立了榜样。
54. B。推理判断题。根据第四段的I hate laziness or depending on somebody else可知Aliyu很独立；根据最后一段的I see men doing something and I think I can do it too可知Aliyu很自信。
B篇（节假日活动）
本文是应用文。文章是关于一项活动的广告。
55. B。细节理解题。根据文章的When: Saturday, February 8th from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., rain or shine可知，无论天气状况如何，该活动都会如期举行。
56. A。细节理解题。根据文中对苹果派竞赛的描述Just bring your pie to the pie table on the morning of the fair可知。
57. D。细节理解题。根据文中的Tickets are only $2 each可知。
C篇（饮食健康）
本文是说明文。一项最新研究表明，早餐对一个人的心脏健康具有重要意义。
58. D。主旨大意题。从文中多次提及的breakfast和heart problems可知，本文主要探讨早餐对于心脏健康的重要性。
59. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour可知，Dr Leah Cahill认为最好在醒来一小时之内吃早餐。
60. A。词义猜测题。由文章第一段的breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks以及本段tempting之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处tempting有“有诱惑力的”之意。
61. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people可以推出，Victoria Taylor认为，为了进一步确切证实早餐对人们心脏健康的重要性，研究者在该项研究中应该对其他年龄群体展开调查。
D篇（社会）
本文是新闻报道。文章报道了美国摄影师Lia Barrett拍摄的模拟人类在水中生活场景的作品。
62. C。细节理解题。由第三段的to create a fantastic underwater world in which humans go about everyday tasks和第四段的to do photo shoots I had only dreamed of before可知，29岁的美国摄影师Lia Barrett梦想在水下拍摄人类进行日常活动的愿望实现了。
63. D。推理判断题。由第三段的brave divers competing at the Caribbean Cup和第四段的I took advantage of their breath-holding skills可推知，在洪都拉斯举办的该项比赛主要展示了潜水选手的憋气能力。
64. A。细节理解题。Barrett时常被问到她的这张照片是否是用Photoshop处理过的，由此可知，很多人认为这张照片不真实。
65. D。细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，在返回海面时，为了预防可以导致致命性眩晕的减压病的发生，潜水模特缓慢上升，并在中途停留了11分钟。
?
七选五：
话题：日常活动
???????本文是记叙文。文章是关于Maya去邮局寄饼干的故事。
66. G。由下文饼干是Maya和爷爷一起做的可知，爷孙俩去邮局是为了给Jacob寄饼干。
67. D。由下文Vivian向Maya介绍邮寄东西的过程可知应该选D项。
68. C。由上文的the code可知此空是68编码的作用。
69. E。由上文“包裹放入飞机”和下文“飞机降落，包裹送到邮政服务中心”可知，Maya的包裹乘坐飞机到达Jacob所在的地方。
70. F。由Maya想象Jacob感谢她的方式可知F项符合文意。
?
选做题：
话题:?世界与环境
????本文是说明文。文章介绍了《自然资本宣言》。
1. C。细节理解题。根据第一、二段的描述可知，natural capital（自然资本）即地球上诸如森林、水、空气、土地等自然资源。第三段的the Earth’s natural resources (land, air, water, plants and animals)也是提示。
2. B。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，世界上四十家最有影响力的银行共同签署的《自然资本宣言》致力于改善生态环境，从而利于人类生活。由此可推断此宣言目的是为了保护环境。
3. A。篇章结构题。《自然资本宣言》是由世界上最有影响力的四十家银行共同签署的。根据本段对该宣言实施方式的描述可知，银行迫使各国政府和公司告知银行他们每年所使用的自然资源的量。由此可知，此处的them指代银行。
4. C。推理判断题。第五段中出现的not be easy和also hard说明了实施《自然资本宣言》不易。
5. A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了《自然资本宣言》对自然资本的核算。A项中的worth与第一段的How much is a lake worth? ... Can you put a price tag on air?相呼应。
课件36张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2
Healthy eatingGrammarFind the sentences containing modal verbs in the reading passage. Then by lunchtime they would all be
sold.
What could have happened?
Nothing could be better.
Something terrible must have happened if …He could not believe his eyes.
Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.
He had better do some research!
Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, …
They would become tired very quickly.1. should和ought to
a. should, ought to都可表示“应该”。ought to用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用should代替，但比should语气重。I should help her because she is in trouble.
You ought to take care of the baby.Modal verbsb. 表示劝告、建议或命令时，should
和ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn’t to 或 ought not to。You should / ought to go to class right away.
________ I open the window?
我可以开窗吗？
What should we do next?ShouldYou _____________________ (ought to) leave in such a hurry.
你不应该离开的这么匆忙。oughtn’t / ought not toc. should, ought to 都可表示推测。He ought to / should be home by now.
This is where the oil ought to / should be. 注意should和ought to后面跟动词不定式的完成式, 其肯定句表示“过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示“过去不该做但做了”。You __________________________ the decision a week ago.
你应该在一周前就做决定。
I ___________________ such a foolish mistake.
我不应该犯这样愚蠢的错误。
多数情况下，ought to可与should互换使用。ought to的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。should / ought to have madeshouldn’t have madeYou ought to have helped him with his English, ________?
A. won’t you
B. ought not you
C. shouldn’t you
D. wouldn’t you2. must和have to
　must 的用法?
1) 表示主观的义务和必要,?主要用于肯定句和疑问句,?意思为“必须……，得……，要……”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或 have?to,?否定回答要用needn’t 或 don’t?have?to,?意思是“不必” ； must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。如：?
— Must?I?finish?the?task?right?now??
我现在必须完成这个工作吗？
— Yes,?you?must.?/?Yes,?you?have?to.?
是的。
(— No, you _______. / No, you don’t have
to. 不，不必。) needn’tYou mustn’t come here without permission. 未经允许，你不能来这儿。　　 have?to的用法? 1) must表示一种主观的需要，而have?to 表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。?如：?
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。 Mother is out, so I have to look after the shop.
妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。?
2) have?to的否定形式是 don’t have to, 相当于 needn’t。如：
They don’t have to buy a computer at present.
他们目前没有必要买电脑。?have to的第三人称单数形式是has to，一般过去式是had to，一般将来式是will have to。
Li Hua has to pass an examination before he can start work.
My car was broken, so I had to walk home.
It’ll have to be on a Sunday. I’ll be working every other day.The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we ____ go to work tomorrow. A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意, 可知这里表示“没有必要”, 故只能选C项。─ What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
─ You ______ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to
C. mustn’t D. can’t
【点拨】根据题意“除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外, 没有必要做任何事情。” 可知这里选择don’t have to表示“不必”。
故选A项。3. must和need
need作情态动词时, 只能用于疑问句和否定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于助动词do。
— Need I finish the work today?
— Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.b. must 的肯定形式表示“必须”，否定 式表示“禁止、严禁”。
You must come here.
You mustn’t take the book away from
the library. Choose suitable modal verbs below to complete the following dialogues.ought/oughtn’t to should/shouldn’t will
mustn’t needn’t (don’t) have to can/can’t1. Sam: How can I grow thinner, Mum?
Mum: Well, you _______ eat food with
plenty of fibre that helps you
digest better. And you ______ stop
drinking cola or eating sweet food.have to should Discovering useful structuresSam: Does it mean I _________ eat my
favourite fried chicken any more?
Mum: Not exactly, if you love fried
chicken, you ________ give it up.
Just eat it less often. You
______________________________
worry too much: a little fried
chicken ____ do you good! shouldn’t needn’tdon’t have to/ needn’t/ shouldn’t will2. Doctor: You are sick because you’ve
eaten poisonous mushrooms.
Where did you get them?
Lucy: I picked them in the forest. I know
we _______ eat fresh vegetables.
Doctor: Oh, but you _______ eat them
until you’re sure they are not
poisonous.
Lucy: Thank you, doctor. I’ll be more
careful next time.have tomustn’t 3. Charles: I wish I could see things
clearly in the dark.
Tom: Eating carrots ________ help
you see better. You _______ eat
some every day.ought to should选用方框内合适的内容完成下面的对话
（可重复选用）。
Alice: What do you usually do after school?
Tom: I usually go to the playground to play basketball. But I know that I __________ go home first.
Alice: Why don’t you go home directly?Exercisesought to ?Tom: Because my mother usually makes me do my homework first and I ________ listen to her. So if I go home first, I can’t have a rest and relax myself. You know, I am very tired.
Alice: Does your mother know that?have toTom: No. I think she ________ know that because she never listens to me.
Alice: I don’t think you are right. You ____________________ treat your mother like that. I think that you should tell your mother what you think. She will understand you. needn’toughtn’t to?/ mustn’t? Besides, you ____________________ hide your feelings from your mother; you should learn to communicate with her.
Tom: Thank you for your advice. I will try my best.
Alice: OK. I hope you can have a good talk with your mother.oughtn’t to / mustn’t1. When I was young, I was told that I ____ play with matches.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t
C. mustn’t D. daren’t
2. — What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?
— Well, it ______ be big — that’s not important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can’t D. won’t3. — What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
— You ______ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to
C. mustn’t D. can’t4. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we _____ go to work tomorrow.
A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
5. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours.
A. can; have to B. may; can
C. have to; may D. ought to; mustmust; oughtn’t to; don’t have to; couldn’t;
mustn’t; needn’t; can’t; have to用所给的情态动词填空。1. You _______________________ go on
working because you look so tired now.
2. The weather turned out to be fine
yesterday. I ________ have had the
trouble to carry my umbrella with me. oughtn’t to / don’t have to needn’t练习坊must; oughtn’t to; don’t have to; couldn’t;
mustn’t; needn’t; can’t; have to3. If you earn more than ￡5,000, you
_______ pay tax.
4. You _______ play now! You shall finish
your homework first!
5. I know things are hard with you, but
you _____________ try to get over the difficulties.have tomustn’tmust / have tomust; oughtn’t to; don’t have to; couldn’t;
mustn’t; needn’t; can’t; have to6. I didn’t see her at the meeting this
morning; she ______________ have
spoken at the meeting. couldn’t / can’tHomework Finish Using Structures on Page 50 of Workbook.Thank you!课件60张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2 Healthy eatingLanguage
pointsWrite out your answers according to the passage.1. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not give ______________________.enough protective foodRevision2. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not provided ________________________.
3. The weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it did not give __________________________.
4. The strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it provided ______________________.plenty of energy-giving foodenough of energy-giving foodplenty of protective foodFind words and expressions from the text that mean the same. _________ something that you say that you know is not true.
2. ______________ not to be punished for somethinglieget away with3. _________ uncooked
4. _________ the strong wish to know about something
5. _________ someone who buys things or services from a shop, company, etc
6. _________ a particular quality that gives someone or something an advantagerawcuriositycustomerbenefit 1. Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a _____________?
所有人都要吃饭，你的饮食健康吗？in one’s diet 在某人日常饮食中
have a balanced / healthy diet
有均衡的/健康的饮食
go / be on a diet 节食diet n. 饮食，食物Language pointshealthy diete.g. The doctor told Bob to reduce the amount of fat in his diet.
It is important to have a balanced, healthy diet.
I decided to go / be on a diet before my holiday.
请给出例句的翻译。e.g. I’ve been dieting for two months and I’ve lost 6 kilos.
我已经节食两个月了，而且我已经减了6公斤了。diet vi. 节食，按规定饮食diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物。
food是一般的用语，凡能吃能喝的具有营养的东西都称为food。
强调种类时，food 可用复数。diet foodProper _____ and exercise are both important for health.
Many sweet _______ are on sale in the store.
Milk is the _____ for babies. foods diet food 即学即练【常用表达】
balanced / healthy / poor diet
均衡的/健康的/不良的饮食
vegetarian / high-fibre diet
素食/高纤维的饮食
a diet of fish / fruit / potatoes
只吃鱼/水果/土豆的饮食
be on a diet 节食2. What will you happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?
balance作动词，意为“均衡，权衡，保持平衡”。e.g. Try to balance your diet by eating
more fruit and less meat.
You have to balance the
advantages of living in a big city
against the disadvantages.balance作名词，意为“天平，平衡”。
给出例句中balance的含义。
e.g. I tried to keep my balance on my new skates.
The salesgirl weighed the vegetable on the balance skillfully.平衡? ?天平?【常用表达】
keep / lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
be off balance 使失去平衡
out of balance 失去平衡
a sense of balance 平衡感
the balance of nature 自然生态平衡
balance beam 平衡木
a favorable balance 入多于出
a unfavorable balance 入不敷出 翻译下列句子。
1. 你能单脚站立多久?
2. 实验室的天平与商店里的秤在什么方 面有所不同? 即学即练How long can you balance on one foot?
In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store? -ing形式短语做伴随状语。
e.g. He placed two tables together,
spreading all the papers out on them.
Pretending to look frightened, I
backed towards the door.3. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.1) Nora stood at the bus stop, ___________
___________.
娜拉站在公共汽车站旁看报纸。
___________________________, you can have a better view of the city.
站在山顶上, 你能更好地看到这个城市。reading aStanding on the top of the hill 即学即练newspaper3) Olive came _____________________.
奥丽夫跑步来到大楼前。
4) “We can’t go out in this weather,” said
Bob, ____ out of the window.
A. looking B. to look
C. looked D. having looked running to the buildingAfrustrated是形容词，意为“ 失望的，失意的”
e.g. He feels frustrated and angry.
他感到既失意又恼火。frustrate v. 使挫败, 使不成功
e.g. The bad weather frustrates our
hopes of having a picnic.
坏天气使我们野餐的愿望无法实现。4. “Nothing could be better,” he thought.
= All his foods could be best.此句是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。
e.g. — How are you getting on?
你怎么样?
— Nothing could be better.
再好不过了。他想, “再没有比这些更好吃的了”。— Did you sleep well last night?
— Never better, like a rock.（再好不过）
Nobody loved money better than he.
I think nothing is more pleasant than traveling.— How did your father feel when he saw what a mess you had made?
— He can’t be ________. (angry)angrier1) Nothing is more pleasant than travelling.
= ________________________________
2) 当你疲劳的时候，没有什么比好好休息一下更好的了。
_________________________________
_________________________________Travelling is the most pleasant thing. There is nothing better than a good rest when you are very tierd.即学即练5. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.
see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后面的宾语补足语可以是不带to的动词原形，也可以是-ing形式，但两者的含义不完全相同，前者着重叙述事实的经过，后者着重觉察到的一个正在进行的动作。e.g. I ______________ everything in his bag and go out.
我看见他把所有的东西都装进了口袋，走了出去。
I ________________ something in the bag.
我看见他正向口袋里装东西。saw him putsaw him putting6. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
[点拔] 此句是一个主从复合句。主句为Something terrible must have happened; 从句是由if引导的条件状语从句, 即if Li Chang was ... restaurant; as he always did是由as引导的方式状语从句。must have happened表示对已经发生的事进行肯定的猜测, 意为“一定做了某事”。其疑问形式是can / could提前, 否定形式为: can’t / couldn’t have done。
e.g. She must have arrived home by now.
Judging from her appearance and
manner, she couldn’t have been over
fifty years old. 7. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
这是省略的句子，完整的句子应当是：
__________________________________
__________________________________
因此朗读时应注意用升调。
be tired of 对……厌倦
e.g. I am tired of the same food every
day. Can’t we have something
different? 天天吃同样的食品让人
厌倦，难道我们不能换些花样吗？Are you tired of all that fat? Do you want to lose weight? 8. Wang Peng ______________ (amaze) this and especially at the prices.
王鹏对此感到吃惊，特别是对价格。
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶；惊愕
e.g. Everybody was amazed at his design.
大家都对他的设计感到惊讶。
You would be amazed at how
difficult it was. 要知道这是多么困
难，你会大为诧异的。was amazed at9. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
a) have sb. doing something
让某人做某事；让某情况发生
e.g. Our success in the Beijing Olympics
has me wondering whether we can
win even more medals next time.
我们在北京奥运会上的成功让我真想
知道下一届我们能否赢得更多的奖牌。b) get away with doing sth.
不因某事受惩罚；携带……跑掉
e.g. For that serious accident, he got
away with only a fine. 那么严重的
事故，他缴了罚款就完事了。
They got away with damaging the
car.
他们损坏了汽车却逃之夭夭。 翻译下列句子。
1. Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.
2. Don’t think you can get away with telling lies. 即学即练那些撒谎和欺骗别人的人绝对逃不过惩罚。
不要以为你撒了谎就可以这样算了。10. Perhaps with a discount and a new
sign he could win his customers back.
win sth. / sb. back 赢回；重新获得
e.g. The party is struggling to win back voters who have been disappointed
by recent scandals.
该党正力争赢回因其最近的丑闻而
感到失望的选民。The team finally won back the championship after two decades.
这支球队最终赢回了阔别20年的冠军头衔。[拓展]
win over（通过劝说或示好以）获得（支持或友谊）；把……争取过来。e.g. We’ll be working hard to win over the undecided voters. 我们将努力把犹豫未决的选民争取过来。
win through (= win out) 摆脱困境；终获
成功
e.g. As in most of his films, it’s good guys
who win through in the end.
正像他的大多数电影一样，好人最终
获得胜利。 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 多年的沉寂后，他的再次出山 (comeback)赢得了广泛的关注。
2) 他对工作的投入赢得了学生们的尊重。His comeback after years of silence won back wide concern.
His devotion to work won over the respect of students. 即学即练3) 正如我们所知，在野外，最强壮的才
能最终获胜。As is known to us, the strongest will win through in the wild.11. The competition between the two restaurants was on!
on作副词与be连用时，可以表示以下几个意思：
(1) (电灯、水等)开着
(2) 正在进行，举行
(3) 上演，演出① 灯都亮着。
The lights were all on.
② 他们家的电视总是开着。
The TV is always on in their house.
③ 电影院在上演什么片子?
What’s on at the movie? 即学即练④ 我到电影院的时候，电影已经开演五 分钟了。
The film had been on for five minutes
when I got to the cinema.12. The strength of the diet in Wang
Peng’s restaurant was that ...
strength
阅读下列各句，并观察strength在句中的含义。
1) He pushed against the rock with all his strength.
他使出全力推岩石。
2) She has a remarkable inner strength.
她有出众的意志力。力量；力气勇气；决心3) Political power depends upon economic strength.
政治实力取决于经济实力。
4) The new weapon’s strength lies in its accuracy.
这种新型武器的优势在于其精确性。影响力；实力；威力优势[拓展]
on the strength of sth.
在……的影响或帮助下
e.g. I got the job on the strength of
her recommendation.
在她的推荐下，我得到了这份工作。strengthen vt. & vi. 加强；强化
e.g. The organization’s aim is to
strengthen the cultural ties
between China and France.
这个组织旨在加强中法两国之间的
文化联系。 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 她再也走不动了。
2) 作为艺术家，她很清楚自己的优点和 不足。即学即练She didn’t have the strength to walk any further.
She’s well aware of her strengths and weaknesses as an artist.I’m determined to devote to the education of the disabled on the strength of my brother’s advice.3) 在我兄弟的劝说下，我决定投身于 残疾人的教育事业。I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. Mushrooms are best when _____ (油煎)
in olive oil.
2. Mrs Ester was in her late thirties, about
average height, with a _____ (苗条的)
figure.课堂练习friedslim3. Children have a natural c________
about the world around them.
4. Once the _______ (女主人) appeared
to ask if we were enjoying our meals, I
managed to give her a silent nod.
5. I don’t want to hear a bunch of big
____ (谎言) about what happened.
6. The steel factory has been supplying us
with _____ (未加工的) materials.curiosityhostessliesraw7. We aim to offer good quality and
service to all our __________ (顾客).
8. I’m feeling rather f_________ in my present job; I need a change.
9. There would be long talks about the
strengths and __________ (弱点) of each and every player.customersfrustratedweaknesses II. 使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。
A: His restaurant ought to be full of
people.
B: His restaurant ought to be
_________ people.
2. A: This could be the best thing.
B: Nothing could be _______. filled withbetter3. A: He often lies, so no one believes
him.
B: He often _________, so no one
believes him.
4. A: The student seemed not to listen to
his teacher carefully.
B: _________ that the student didn’t
listen to his teacher carefully.tells a lieIt seemed5. A: The two sides were fighting.
B: The fight between the two sides
was _____. on Fill in the blanks with words from the left box and paraphrase the italicized parts using the phrases from the right box.balanced diet raw
slim ought to energeticlose weight lose heart
lose interest lose faceJulie wanted to become thinner. She knew she ________ eat more vegetables and fruit but little meat. However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a _____ of rice, _____ vegetables, bananas and lemons. Three weeks later, she found she weighed as much as ever. lose weight ought todietrawlosing faceShe felt so sad and hopeless about herself and her behaviour changed. She didn’t dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. Luckily, her best friend Fred came to see her and encouraged her to exercise, eat a ________ diet and enjoy life again. Soon Julie became amazingly _________ and _____! She felt very happy. balancedenergeticslimlost interest in visiting lost heartIn pairs make up a dialogue about food you like or dislike, using the expressions below and as many food words as you know.My favourite food/fruit/meat is …
I’m fond of …
I don’t often eat ..
I really hate …
I can’t stand …
… make me gain/lose weightHomeworkfried chicken smoked chicken
roast duck barbecued mutton
lemon beef sweet and sour fish
steamed fish creamed potatoes
fried eggplant cucumber salad
boiled eggs stir-fried mushrooms Example:
A: Do you know how to make soup?
B: Yes, I put in mushrooms, tomatoes and eggs to make a vegetable soup.
A: Oh, I can’t stand tomatoes, …Act your dialogue out next lesson.Thank you!课件42张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2
Healthy eatingWhat are the three essential elements for us human beings to survive on the earth?waterairfoodWarming upDo you know the English name of these food?cucumbereggplantpeppermushroompeachlemonpeabeannutmuttonmutton kebabsroast porkfried potatoesnutEverybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet? Do you know that the food you eat helps you grow in different ways?rice
spaghetti
chocolate
potatoes
breadbutter
cream
oils
nutsmeat
eggs
cheese
milk
tofumost vegetables (e.g. beans, peas, …) and fruit (e.g. apples, peaches, …)What do you usually have for breakfast / lunch /supper?What will happen to you if you do not eat a balanced diet?How to keep healthy? Junk food
— has a lot of calories but few nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Healthy food
— give us the calories we need but not contain too much fat and sugar.What is healthy diet?Healthy diet: a diet that is balanced and neither too rich in fat, sugar and salt nor too poor and lacking in essential nutrients.Discussionfood choicesbalanced dietWhat food containshealthy/junk foodHealthy eatinghealthy eatingDecide which food is junk food or healthy food and give reasons.
I think … is junk food because …
I think … is healthy food because …
(be rich in; be low in)vsSpeakingHealthy Eating 1. What do you think should go into a good meal? A good meal should contain some food from each of the three categories above.2. Imagine you and your partner are going to invite some friends for dinner. What special food of your place would you offer them? Plan a menu.Pre-reading3. Look at the title of the reading passage and the pictures is about.
Predict what the passage is about.SkimmingRead the text quickly and fill in the blanks. The story tells us that both Wang Peng and Yong Hui offered __________ diets at first. Food at Wang Peng’s restaurant contained too much ______ while Yong Hui’s restaurant offered little ___________ food. Later, they cooperated. unbalanced?fat?energy-giving ScanningScan the text and then choose the
best answer according to the text.1. What did Wang Peng do after Li Chang went away?
A. He just sat in his restaurant feeling
frustrated.
B. He followed Li Chang to see why he
didn’t eat with him.
C. He did some research.
D. He started advertising his food.2. Which of the following did NOT appear on Yong Hui’s menu?
A. Cabbage B. Cola
C. Water D. Apples
3. What was the result of eating in Wang Peng’s restaurant?
A. People often became thin very soon. B. People often became fat very soon.
C. People often became tired quickly. D. People often became happy.4.We can infer from the last
sentence that _____
A. Wang Peng would learn from Yong
Hui.
B. Yong Hui would learn from Wang
Peng.
C. The competition had begun and
would continue.
D. The two restaurants would give up
the competition.1. Usually Wang Peng’s restaurant was full of people.
2. Yong Hui could make people thin in two weeks by giving them a good diet.
It would take longer than that.TFRead the passage carefully and think about these statements. Tick the correct answers. Give reasons for your answers.Careful reading3. Wang Peng’s regular customers often became fat. T4. Yong Hui’s menu gave customers more energy-giving food.
No. It gave them protective food but no energy-giving or body-building food.F5. Wang Peng’s menu gave customers more protective food.
6. Wang Peng decided to compete with Yong Hui by copying her menu.
He decided to advertise the benefits of his menu!F FHis menu gave customers energy-giving food.Answer the questions one paragraph
by one paragraph.1. Who is Wang Pengwei?He is a restaurant keeper.2. What happened on that strange morning?There was no customer in his restaurant that morning, which was unnatural.3. How do you like the food in his restaurant?It is delicious but it can make us get fat quickly. 1. What did Wang see when he followed Li Chang?
2. What kind of food was served in this restaurant?He saw that a new restaurant was opened and there was a sign in its window.Only slimming food was served there.1. Who is Yong Hui?
2. What amazed Wang in Yong Hui’s restaurant?She is the owner of the new restaurant.The menu and the price in Yong’s restaurant amazed him very much.3. What did Wang decide to do after he left there?He decided to go to library to find out whether his restaurant’s food made people fat.1. What did Wang find out after reading?
2. What did he do then?He found out that Yong Hui’s restaurant was not giving its customers energy-giving food. He wrote a sign to win his customer back!3. What happened afterwards?The competition between the two restaurants was on.In your own words explain the following sentences or parts of sentences taken from the passage.1. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.Li Chang always came to his restaurant so if he did not, it meant that something serious had happened to stop him.2. He could not have Yong Hui
getting away with telling people lies!He did not want Yong Hui to tell lies and people to believe her.3. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.If he gave his customers cheaper prices and advertised the benefits of his menu, perhaps his customers would return.mutton kebabs; roast pork; stir-fried vegetables; fried riceraw vegetables; fruitcola; ice creamwaterCompare the two restaurants.expensivecheapgiving its customers energy-giving foodmake its customers thin cause the customers to be fatthe customers become tired quickly Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very __________ because his customers did not ______ to his restaurant as they _______ did. He felt very strange. He ________ his friend to a newly opened restaurant ______ offered to make people _____ in _____ weeks. usuallyfollowed whichfrustrated comethintwoRetelling the story.Post readingThe new restaurant was ____ of customers. Worried, he did some research and tried to _____ his customers ______.fullwinback Discuss these questions in pairs.
1. What do you think Wang Peng will
provide to win his customers back?
2. How do you think the story will end?Discussion Read the text aloud and retell the text.
(1) Use the first person to retell the story.
(2) Try to use proper prepositions and conjunctions.HomeworkThank you!课件21张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2
Healthy eatingSpeaking and writingDiscuss in groups what food you must eat to have a balanced diet. How much should you eat each day?Group workImagine you are planning to open a restaurant which will provide the best local dishes in your area and a balanced diet. In groups discuss how to run the business. What’s most important for restaurant to win customer?DiscussionSome suggestions and advice may help you.What should we do?
Shall we…?
How about …?
You must / mustn’t …
I think you ought to…
Perhaps you should…
You’d better…You need / needn’t …
You have to / don’t have to…
I would strongly advise you to…
You might…
I suggest that you …
My advice is / would be …
It might be a good idea to…WRITING
如何写英文广告
???????广告是为了某种特定的需要，通过一定形式的媒体公开而广泛地向公众传递信息的宣传手段。商业广告是商品销售的一种宣传方式，目的是使消费者对某种商品产生兴趣，从而说服和诱导消费者产生消费行为。【写作指导】
一则广告大致包括标题、正文、口号和随
文四个部分。但并不是每则广告都必须同
时具备以上四项。
1.?广告的标题是广告中最重要的部分。它起着引起读者的好奇心、吸引读者注意力的作用。2.?广告正文进一步对标题进行阐释和证实，以引起读者的兴趣。语言要尽量口语化、简洁明了，使用较短的单词和句子。祈使句和一般疑问句在广告中出现的频率很高。如：
In short, the stronger your character, the
brighter your future.
Please do not leave it too late.
Do you want to work in world-class
research laboratories?3.?广告口号的目的是便于人们重复记忆和二次传播，因而必须将之压缩成口号语句。
如： Just do it. 只管去做。
4.?随文又叫附文，是说明企业名称、地址、购买商品的方法等附加信息的语言文字，一般出现在广告的结尾。
如：www.redbull.com.cn广告写作要求：
1.?确保广告的真实性。真实性是广告的生命力所在，如果违背了真实性原则，广告会因为失真而丧失可信度。
2.?明确广告对象。广告对象是指广告信息的接受者。
3.?注意广告语言，提高说服力和表现力。好的广告语言能给读者留下难以磨灭的印象，唤起消费者的购买欲望，从而达到广告的最终目的。写作时应注意以下几点：
1. 确定文体：广告写作属于应用文写作。
2. 主体时态：以一般现在时为主。
3. 主体人称：广告面向顾客进行宣传，应以第一、二人称为主。Write a short passage to advertise your restaurant and its service. Your writing should:
explain what kind of food will be offered in
your restaurant
describe their ingredients, flavour, smell
and appearanceTaskexplain how they will provide a balanced diet
explain why your restaurant will provide the best food in the area
explain how customers will be served【思路引导】
为吸引读者的注意力，广告的开头可采用问句、短句或短语的形式。接着说明广告的主要内容，即本店所提供的菜肴。根据题目的要求，可进一步从原料、色、香、味等方面介绍本店菜肴的特点。然后从平衡饮食和优质服务等角度来突出本店的特色，以起到更好的宣传作用。广告结尾应富有感染力，进一步激发广告诉求对象的购买行为。【参考范文】
Are you tired of junk food? Still looking for something special and healthy? It is time to treat yourself and your family to the best home cooked meals. We have the best local dishes and offer a balanced diet. Here you can find a lot of vegetables cooked in different ways and every kind of seafood you can think of. Our food is famous for its variety of ingredients, beautiful color and magic taste of sweet, sour, salty and delicious dishes. The energy-giving and body-building food will provide you with necessary calories, fat, protein and vitamins. With excellent quality and reasonable price, our restaurant provides the best food in this city. First-class service and perfect menu. Come and have a try. You will not regret it.Homework通过学习这篇写作指导，你掌握了写广告的方法了吗？试着写一下吧，然后与范文加以对照，找出其中的不足并加以改进。Thank you!课件57张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2
Healthy eatingUsing
LanguagePre-listeningWork in groups and discuss what illnesses unbalanced diets cause. scurvy
rickets
obesityListeningrickets:
?
scurvy:
?
obesity: legs that do not grow straight
佝偻病
teeth fall out, problems with skin and sores that will not heal
坏血病
much too fat 过度肥胖 What these illnesses are?Balanced diets1. Listen to the whole dialogue between Wang Peng and an expert. Write down the main idea of the dialogue.Wang Peng is doing research to find out how an unbalanced diet can affect your health, so you need to eat a balanced diet if you are to stay healthy.Scurvy RicketsObesity too much rice, noodles, sugar and fatnot enough vitamin C not enough protein and vitamin D 2. Listen again and join the names of the illnesses to their causes.3. After listening, work in pairs and discuss what problems Wang Peng and Yong Hui have and what suggestions you would give them.too much fat and energy-giving foodmore fruit and vegetablestoo much fruit and too many vegetablesmore meat, fish, cheese and eggs as well as rice and noodlesPre-readingLearn these proverbs.
You are what you eat. 人如其食。
First wealth is health.
健康是人生的第一财富。
-----EmersonReading and discussingCome and eat here (2)An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
一天一个苹果，医生远离我。PredictionCan you guess what will happen to Wang Peng and Yong Hui?+=Fast-reading1. Wang Peng was worried when he thought his restaurant would no longer be popular because ______.
A. he would be in debt
B. he could no longer earn his living
C. he would lose his job
D. his friend would not visit him2. Yong Hui was very angry when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant because ________.
A. she thought he was a new customer
B. she thought he had spied on her
restaurant
C. she was told he was a spy
D. he was too fat3. Wang Peng’s research showed __________.
A. his menu was balanced
B. both menus were balanced
C. Yong Hui’s menu was balanced
D. neither menu was balanced4. He suggested they provide a combined menu because ______.
A. he liked Yong Hui
B. he didn’t want to lose his customers
C. he thought his menu was better
D. this would provide a balanced dietDetailed-readingRead the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Wang Peng’s restaurant became successful again. He would be able to _____________ and didn’t have to worry about being _______. earn his livingin debtHe felt happy until he saw Yong Hui entering. She looked _______________. She wanted to know why Wang Peng was in her restaurant the other day. Wang Peng explained he lost his __________, but felt better when he realized how few choices Yong Hui offered on her ______. unhappy / angrycustomersmenu He wanted her to try his food. Yong Hui _______ and soon they were eating a big _____. But Yong Hui felt sick with all the ____ and heavy food and said she missed her vegetables and fruit. On the contrary, Wang Peng said he would miss his food too and asked Yong Hui if she ________ quickly. agreedmealfatgot tiredYong Hui said she did need to ____ a lot, but _________ him that he would be healthier if he lost some weight.
They talked about menus and _____________, realizing neither of their restaurants really provided healthy foods. restremindedbalanced dietsThey decided to ________ their ideas
to provide a balanced menu.
In this way they became very ___________ and both of them became healthier too. Finally they ___________ and lived happily ever after.successfulgot marriedcombinePost reading Answer the following questions according to the passage.
1. How did Yong Hui feel when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant? Why?She felt angry because she thought Wang Peng had come into her restaurant to spy on her. 2. How did they solve their problems and become good friends?Wang Peng showed that he wanted to cooperate and not compete with Yong Hui. They succeeded in finding a menu that provided a balanced menu.3. Why was their cooperation a success?They cooperated successfully in business. They liked each other.What can we learn from the passage?We can learn that it is never too late to change bad eating habits and begin afresh.Discussion Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
earn one’s living ... = live by ... = make one’s living ... 谋生
e.g. He earned his living by begging from
door to door.Language points 表示“谋生”的短语：
earn a living
earn one’s living
make a living
make one’s living经常和earn搭配的名词除了living, bread还有money, salary, income, admiration, place 等。[考例]
You are old enough to _____ your own living.???
A. win??? ? B. gain????? C. take???????D. earn
[点拨]选D。题意：你足够大了，可以自己谋生了。D2. He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
debt: sum of money owed to sb. that has not yet been paid 债务; 欠款
in debt 负债e.g. The club is ￡4 million in debt.
这个俱乐部负债400万英镑。
He died in heavy debt.
他死于重债。
Many of the large firms are heavily in debt.
很多大公司都负债累累。[拓展]
get / run into debt 陷入债务, 如：
We were poor but we never got into debt.
我们很穷但是从来没负债。
out of debt 免于债务, 如：
It’s hard to stay out of debt when you are a student.
做学生的时候，你很难没有债务。pay off one’s debts 还清债务, 如：
He managed to pay off his debts in two years.
他设法在两年内还清了所有债务。 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 这家工厂债务重重。
2) 失业后，他陷入债务。即学即练The factory is deeply in debt.
He ran / got into debt after he lost his job.3. He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. [点拔] 这是由but连接的两个并列句, 两个分句又都是主从复合句。主句分别为He smiled和the smile left his face；从句分别为as和when引导的时间状语从句, 即as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door 和 when he saw Yong Hui walking in.as引导的时间状语从句强调主句和从句中的动作同时发生, 即一边微笑, 一边迎接客人。when引导的时间状语从句表示主句中的动作和从句中的动作时间上的差异, 即表示见到雍慧进来时笑容消失了。4. She did not look happy but glared at him.glare vi. 怒目而视
glare at sb. 怒目注视某人glance:
glance (at, over) 看一眼glance/glimpse/glare/stare/watch的区别：to look at something quickly and brieflyglimpse:
catch／get a glimpse of瞥见to see by chance, just for a moment 瞥见，一瞥 glare:
glare at sb. 怒视某人
stare:
stare at／into 盯着to stare angrily, freely. It emphasizes hostility. 怒视，瞪眼 to gaze intently esp., with wide-open eyes 盯，凝视 --- What is the boss like?
--- I can’t describe him well, I only
caught a ____ of him as he drove by.
A. glance B. look
C. stare D. glimpseD即学即练5. I thought you were a new customer and now I know you only came to spy on me and my menu.only to spy ... 在句中做目的状语。spy v. 侦察, 窥探; 观察到, 注意到
n. 间谍e.g. They tried to spy on the enemy’s movements.
I’m sure my neighbors ___________.
我确信我的邻居在监视我。e.g. I spied three persons in the distance.
You are quick at spying her mistakes.spy on 暗中监视，侦查spy on me only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语预料的结果，或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作。
only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。 only to do sth. 和 only doing sth.e.g. For nearly three hours we
waited for the decision, only to
be told to come again the next day.
He died, only leaving nothing but
debts.
给出例句的中文。6. I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
[点拨] 此句是由but连接的并列句，在第二个并列分句中含有so ... that ...结构。that 从句中又含有由and连接的并列谓语 stopped worrying和started advertising。在so / such ... that结构中, so多用来修饰形容词或副词原级, such多用来修饰名词。当被修饰的中心词为可数名词单数时, 其结构分别为：so + adj. + a / an + n. 和 such + a / an + adj. + n.。如：
It was such good news that he felt very excited at it. It was such a wonderful film that I saw it many times.
= It was so wonderful a film that I saw it many times.limited adj. 有限的e.g. The number of competitors is limited.
He is a man of limited ability.As they had limited experience, they
often had limited ideas.
I’m willing to hep you within limits. 相关结构：
1. limit … to … / set a limit to … / there is a limit to …
2. within limits 在有限的范围内 benefit n. 利益；好处
vi. & vt. 有益于；有助于；受益
beneficial adj. 有益的，受益的
e.g. The rain is of great benefit to the plants. 雨水对植物大有好处。?
1) benefit (from / by) vi. 受益于
vt. 有益于, 有助
2) be of benefit to
= be beneficial to 对……有益3) 短语: for sb.’s benefit
= for the benefit of
为了……的好处/考虑1) _________________________________
你是第二个告诉我这个消息的人。7. Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he sighed.
a second = anotherYou are the second to tell me the news.序数词与the连用表示“第几”，与a / an连用表示“又一，再一”。2) ____________________, but he said he would go on trying until he succeeded.
他又失败了一次，但他说他会继续努力直到成功。
3) He said that he would pay ____ second visit to Australia _____ next month.
A. the, / B. the , the
C. a, the D. a, /He failed a second timeCI. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。
1. We all breathed a s___ of relief when
we heard they were safe.
2. We would like to see close ___________ (合作) between colleges and schools in
developing computer use.sighcooperation课堂练习3. We must l_____ our expense since
we don’t have enough money.
4. I have b________ a lot from reading
different kinds of books.
5. As a scientist, she always c_________
theory with practice.limitbenefitedcombines II. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子
翻译成英语。1. 大卫以给报社写稿子为生。(earn one’s living)David earns his living by writing articles for newspapers.3. 他们只能讨论这两个题目。(limit)2. 他对在国外的生活厌烦了, 正考虑回中国定居。(tired of)He has got tired of living abroad and he is considering going back to settle in China.They were limited to a discussion of these two topics.Homework Collect eating attitudes from the Internet.
Practice presenting reasons to support your ideas.Thank you!课件17张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2 Healthy eatingListeningListening on Page 48A girl called Emma has got a problem because she feels tired all the time and she is going to the doctor for advice. The listening is about the girl talking to her doctor.The following are the illnesses caused by not eating properly:rickets obesity anorexia（厌食症）indigestion（消化不良）rickets obesity
anorexia indigestion Listen to the whole text and find which illness Emma has.Listen to Part 1 again and answer the questions.1. What does Emma usually have for breakfast, lunch and supper?2. What is wrong with Emma’s diet?She has an orange and a banana for breakfast, a roll for lunch, and half a bowl of rice and a dish for supper.She is not eating enough food and particularly energy-giving food.3. Why is the doctor concerned about how much Emma eats?4. How does Emma feel after the doctor tells her about the result of not eating properly?He thinks she is too thin.She is happy to get the advice on how to eat a more balanced diet.Listen to Part 2 and fill in the chart.butter, cheese, cream,
nuts, cakes,
food fried in fatbread, noodles,
spaghetti, rice, meat, fish, eggs, tofuAll vegetables (for
example: potatoes,
cabbages, carrots,
tomatoes)
All fruits (for example:
watermelons, apples,
oranges, pineapples)Think about your own diet and see what changes you need to make to become healthier. Talk about it with your partner.DiscussionListening task on page 51McDonald’s is a large fast food chain of restaurants that can be found all over the world. One day you hear that your quiet hometown is to have a large new McDonald’s restaurant. It will replace a Chinese restaurant that serves the traditional food of your area. Listen to the tape and see what two other people in your hometown think of this plan.Think about whether you would like to have such a restaurant or not, and give your real opinion and a reason to support your idea.For.Against.1 An old part of town will
be improved.
2 They will have more jobs.1 He hates all that expensive
tasteless food.
2 He loves local dishes.
3 McDonald’s serves a terrible
diet for young children.Design a poster to encourage people to come to a meeting that evening to discuss this new restaurant. Give two reasons on your poster why it should be built and two reasons why it should not. Remember: to make a big main heading for the poster
to write your two reasons for and against
to give the date and time of the meeting (You can use today’s date and start the meeting in the evening.)Sample poster Do you want a McDonald’s in our town?
Come to a meeting tonight in the town hall to discuss if
1. we need another restaurant in our town,
2. we need other community buildings,
3. McDonald’s would be good for our town.
Time: 7:30 pm
Date: Thursday 12/12/13Thank you!课件11张PPT。Unit 2Unit 2
Healthy eatingReading
TaskDo you agree about building a McDonald’s in your hometown? Read the first speech. What reasons does the speaker give for wanting to build McDonald’s? Read the second speech. What reasons does the speaker give against building McDonald’s?Make notes of the opinions and the reasons given by both sides after reading the passages.high quality, safe and healthy
they will provide parking.
they will provide jobs and value their employees.high levels of salt, sugar and fat
1. There are too many cars.
2. They produce fumes.
3. They slow down traffic.
they do not let employees join a workers’ union to speak up for them. Write a passages about your opinion for or against building a McDonald’s. HomeworkThank you!