2025年中考英语语法复习讲练二 代词(含答案)

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名称 2025年中考英语语法复习讲练二 代词(含答案)
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初中英语语法精讲精练专题二 代 词
基础考点1 人称代词
【考点全解】
人称代词为指代人或者事物的代词,有主格和宾格之分。所有的宾格都与主格一一对应。如下表所示:
人称代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
释义 我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他们
主格 I we you you he she it they
宾格 me us you you him her it them
1.主格,是动作的发出者,在句中作主语,一般用于句首。
例I play football a lot.我经常踢足球。
2.宾格,是动作的承受者,在句子中作宾语,一般用于动词、介词后。
例Zhang Fei likes it,too.张飞也喜欢它。
You can call me Liu Bichen.你们可以叫我刘碧晨。
Look at them. They are Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. You can call them Guan Daxia and Zhang Feifei看看他们。他们是关羽和张飞。你们可以叫他们关大侠和张飞飞。
3.多个人称代词同时出现的排列顺序。
(1)多个单数形式的人称代词同时出现时,按照二、三、一的顺序排列
例 You, he and I can play together, 你,他和我可以一起玩。
(2)多个复数形式的人称代词同时出现时,按照一、二、三的顺序排列。
例 We,you and they can play together now,我们,你们和他们现在可以一起玩了。
(3)多人一起做坏事,承认错误时,第一人称“我”当前。
例 I ,you and he did it.我,你和他都做了。
Q记忆口诀
你最前,我最后;男在前,女在后;承认错误我当先。
【题模全练】
1. Kate is a kind girl. often helps us learn English.
A.I B. You C. She D. We
【解析】句意:凯特是个善良的女孩。她经常帮助我们学习英语。主语由上句提示为Kate,使用人称代词she。故选C。
2. I love fish very much, and I try to eat once a week.
A. its B.it C. them D. they
【解析】句意;我非常喜欢鱼、我尽量一周吃一次。A选项,is 它的;B选项,it它;C选项,tem 他们、宾格;D选项,tey他们,主格。fsh作为鱼肉讲,是一个不可数名词,可用人称代词it代替。故选B。
3. The foreign visitors asked lots of questions about Chinese culture during the tour.
A.I B. my C.me D. mine
【解析】句意:游览期间、外国游客问了我许多有关中国文化的问题。本题考查代词的用法。所填代词作asked的宾语,故选C。
4. l have many friends, I often do sports with .
A. us B. we C.them D. they
【解析】句意:我有很多朋友。我经常和他们一起做运动。A选项,us我们,宾格;B选项,we我们,主格;C选项,them他们,宾格;D选项,tey他们,主格。所填人称代词跟在介词with之后该用宾格形式。结合前句中fiends,故选C。
5.- are in the same class.
-Yes, should help each other.
A. He, I and you; we B. You, I and he; they
C. You, he and l; we D.I, you and he; they
【解析】句意:-一你,他和我在同一个班级。--是的,我们应该互相帮助。多个单数形式的人称代词同时出现时,位置关系应该是第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。故选C。
基础考点2 物主代词
【考点全解】
在英语中表示“你的、我的、他的、他们的”这种物品所属关系的词,叫物主代词,路听专门表示物品的主人是谁。物主代词可以分为形容词性物主代词(形物代)和名词性物主代词(名物代)。
1.形容词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词的用法和形容词一样,起修饰限定的作用,在句子中作定语,后面接名词。
例 It’s my pig!这是我的猪!
my name我的名字 his cat 他的猫 their books 他们的书 my dog 我的狗
2.名词性物主代词。
名词性物主代词,可充当名词来用,译成中文时省略了部分内容,可以作主语和宾语。
例 This is mine! 这是我的(猪)
=lt’s my pig!这是我的猪!
3.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。
名物代 = 形物代 + n.
我的猪 mine my pig
你的猪 yours your pig
他的猪 his his pig
她的猪 hers her pig
它的猪 its its pig
我们的猪 ours our pig
你们的猪 yours your pig
他们的猪 theirs their pig
Q记忆口诀
形容词性物主代词变名词性物主代词的规律:
一变二不变,其余加-s:一变,即my变成mine;二不变,即his和its不变;其余加-S,即剩余的五个形容词性物主代词在词尾加-s变为名词性物主代词。
【题模全练】
1. Ann has a son. name is John.
A. Her B. Its C. Hers D. His
【解析】句意:安有一个儿子。他的名字叫约翰。名词前用形容词性物主代词,根据语境“Am
has a son.”可知应用“his 他的”,故选 D。
2.-What's the girl's name
- name is Carla.
A. His B. Her C. My D.Your
【解析】句意:-一女孩的名字叫什么 --她的名字叫卡拉。“tegin'sname女孩的名字”
所以应用“her 她的”,故选B。
3.-ls this pencil
-Yes. The pen is ,too.
A. your; my B.yours; mine C. your; mine D.yours; my
【解析】句意:-一这是你的铅笔吗 -一是的,这支钢笔也是我的。第一个空后有名词,所以应该用形容词性物主代词,故排除B、D选项;第二个空后没有名词,所以用名词性物里代
故选 C。
4. I'm old enough to wash clothes by myself, You can just wash
A. my; your B. mine; yours C. my; yours D.your; my
【解析】句意;我长大了,可以自己洗衣服。你只洗自己的衣服行。第一个后有名词clothes,因此用形容词性物主代词;第二个空后没有名词,所以用名词性物主代词。故选c。
基础考点3不定代词之many/much
【考点全解】
many和much既可以用作形容词,也可以用作代词,译为“许多,大量”,但是二者在使用上有很大的区别。
1.many+可数名词复数,much+不可数名词。
例 We have many hamburgers and much cola.我们有许多汉堡包和很多可乐。
There are many apples on the table,桌子上有许多苹果。
There is much bread on the table.桌子上有很多而包
记忆口诀
many/much 表许多,many后加可数复,much后加不可数。
2.too much +不可数名词,too many+可数名词复数。
例Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害处。
Eating too many vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对身体好。
I have too many rules in my home.我家里的规矩太多了。
We have too much homework to do today.今天我们有太多的作业要做。
much too + adj./adv.表示“太……”.
例 It is much too noisy! 太吵了!
He is much too fat.他太胖了。
【题模全练】
1.My children have to spend time on their homework every day, So they are very tired.
A. much B. some C. Many
【解析】句意:我的孩子们必须每天花很多时间在作业上,因此他们很累。much许多、大量的,修饰不可数名词;some 一些,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;many许多,修饰可数名词复数。此处要修饰不可数名词time,故排除C选项;根据“theyareverytired”,可知他们花很多时间写作业才会感到累,故选A。
2. Here are oranges. May I have some
A. much B. many C. many too D. much too
【解析】句意:这里有很多橘子。我能拿一些吗 题干中横线后的oranges是可数名词复数,选项中能修饰可数名词复数的只有many,故选B。
3. Don't eat salt. It's bad for your health.
A. too much B. much too C.too many D.many too
【解析】句意;不要吃太多盐,对你的健康有害。本题考查形容词辨析,因为sat是不可数名词、所以不能用many来修饰,故排除C、D两个选项;too much表示“太多”,修饰不可数名词much too 表示“太……”,修饰形容词或副词。根据题意,故选A。
4. Do not eat junk food. It is not good for you.
A. too much B. too many C.much too D. many too
【解析】句意:不要吃太多的垃圾食品,对你不好。toomuch表示“太多”,修饰不可数名词;much too表示“太……”,修饰形容词或副词;too many表示“太多……”,修饰可数名词的复数;没有many too 这种用法。根据题意,故选A。
基础考点4不定代词之some/any
【考点全解】
1.不定代词 some 和any 都表示“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。例some money 一些钱 some flowers 一些花
any money一些钱 any carnations一些康乃馨
2.some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句和疑问句。
例I want to buy some flowers.我想买一些花。(肯定句)
I don't have any money.我没有钱。(否定句)
Do you have any carnations 你们有康乃馨吗 (疑问句)
3.当希望得到对方肯定回答,或表达请求、建议时,疑问句中要用some。
例Could you lend me some money 你能否借我一些钱
Mom,can I have some juice 妈妈,我能喝一些果汁吗
-Would you like some tea 你要来些茶吗
-Yes,please.是的,谢谢。
Q要点提升
“some/any of+名词/代词”结构作主语时,谓语动词的数需要根据of后面的名词或代词的单复数而定。
例Some of the food has gone bad.有些食物坏了。
Some of them agree,and some of them don',他们中有些人同意,有些不同意。
I don't think any of them are coming.我认为他们没人会来。
【题模全练】
1.-Can I have sweets
-Sorry, I don't have .I’ll buy from the supermarket.
A.some; any; some B.any; some; any
C.any; some; some D.some; any;any
【解析】句意:--我可以要一些糖果吗 --抱歉,我没有,我将要从超市买一些。根据语境可知此题重点考查some和any的用法:some一般用于肯定句中,some 用于疑问句时,表示建议请求或希望得到肯定回答,如“Would you like some coffee with sugar 你要加糖的咖啡吗 ”an)一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”“任何一个”,any用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”,如:“Come here with any fiend.随便带什么朋友来吧。”故选A。
2.-Can I help you
-I'd like .
A. some bread B. to any bread C. any bread D.to some bread
【解析】句意:--你需要点什么 --我想要一些面包。根据语境可知,这里要表达的是想要某物。would like sth.表示“想要某物”,而would like to do sth.则表示“想要做某事”。结合选项,故选A。
3.-How many students are there in your classroom now
-There aren’t .
A.some B. ones C.any D. one
【解析】句意:--现在你们教室里有多少学生 --没有(学生)。上句中students是复数,不能用one代替,故排除D选项;ones必须和形容词连用,如果替代的名词无形容词在前,则用some,any,而不用ones,故排除B选项;由于答语是否定句,故排除A选项。故选C。
4.-Can I have cakes, please
-Sorry, I don't have cakes in my fridge.
A.some;any B.any;any C. any; some D.some; some
【解析】句意:--请问,我可以吃一些蛋糕吗 --对不起,我的冰箱里没有蛋糕。some用于肯定的陈述句及希望得到肯定回答的疑问句里;any用在否定句、疑问句里。前句是疑问句,后句是否定句,但前句的请求是希望得到肯定回答,应用some。故选A。
基础考点5 不定代词each和every
【考点全解】
相同:二者都可表示“每一个”。
2.区别:each是代词,而every是形容词,each可和of搭配,但every不可;each不与almost nearly,not 连用,但是every 可以;each真真切切地强调“每一个”,重在从个体的角度说明事物;every强调整体,重在从整体的角度说明事物。
例Each child has books.每个孩子都有书。(保证每个孩子都有书。)
Every child likes dogs,每个孩子都喜欢狗。(表示大部分孩子都喜欢狗。)
【题模全练】
1. Although Mary is a new teacher, she knows student in her class.
A. either B. all C.every D. none
【解析】句意:虽然玛丽是个新老师,但她认识班上的每个学生。A选项,either表示“任何一个”,是指两者中任何一个,但是班上不会只有两个学生,故排除;B选项,all表示“都”,指三者或者三者以上,al+名词复数,而本题中student是单数,故排除;C选项,every表示“每一个”、符合题意;D选项,none表示“一个也没有”,放在句中,表示否定、与本题题意不符,故排除。故选C。
2.The park is so beautiful,.There are many trees on sides of`the river.
A.every B.each C .both D.all
【解析】句意:公园是如此的美丽。在河的两岸有很多树。every译为“每个”,指三者或三者以上的个体,侧重整体;each译为“每个”,指两者或两者以上的每个,侧重个体;both译为“两者都”;all译为“三者或三者以上都”。根据“on sides of the river”,可知是在两个河岸中的每个河岸都有树。故选C
基础考点6 代词易混点之 another
【考点全解】
another表示“另一个的(三者及三者以上)”,数量上只强调一个,只有单数形式,没有复形式。
1.作形容词时,常用于“another+单数名词”结构,译为“另一个,再一个”。
例 Please give me another donut.请再给我一个甜甜圈。
2.作代词时,译为“另一个,再一个”,指代前面出现过的名词。
例The glass is broken.Give me another.这个杯子破了。给我另一个。
3.作形容词时,还常用于“another + 数字 + 复数名词”结构,相当于“数词+more/other+l数名词”,表示在原有的基础上需要更多数量的东西。
I need another four donuts.
=I need four more donuts.
我需要另外四个甜甜圈。
【题模全练】
1.-Shall we meet at 8 o'clock next Sunday morning
-I won't be free then. Let's make it day.
other B. another C. the other D. any others
【解析】句意:--我们下星期天上午8点见面好吗 那时候我没空。我们换个日期吧。首先明确各个代词的含义:other其他的;another另外的;the other两者之中的另一个;any others其余所有的。根据句意,应该选择另外的,故选B。
2. I don't like this black shirt, Please bring me .
A. other B. the other C. another D. others
【解析】句意;我不喜欢这件黑色的衬衣。请给我拿另一件。根据题意可知,这里要表达的意思是一,又一”,所以用 another来表示,故选C。
3.I will finish my report in minutes.
A. more ten B. another ten C. ten other D. other ten
【解析】句意:再有十分钟,我将完成我的报道。这里表示再有十分钟的结构是:in another ten
minutes。故选B。
4.-Can I spend minutes in bed
-Sory, you can't.
A. ten more B. more ten C. other ten D. ten another
【解析】句意:--我能再睡十分钟吗 --对不起,你不能。A选项,ten more=another ten;B选项,more ten表达错误;C选项,other ten表示“其他的”;D选项,ten another 十个另一个。故
选A。
基础考点7 代词易混点之(a)little/(a)few
【考点全解】
1.few 和 little,都表示“几乎没有”,few 修饰可数名词,little 修饰不可数名词。
例Few monkeys are here.这里几乎没有猴子。
There's little water in my bottle.我的瓶子里几乎没有水了。
The math problem is too hard, few students can work it out.
这道数学题太难了,几乎没有同学能做出来。
2.a few 和 a little 都表示“有一点”。a few 修饰可数名词,a little 修饰不可数名词。
例 A few monkeys are here.这里有一些猴子。
There's a little water in my bottle.我的瓶子里有点儿水。
The math problem is so hard that only a few students can work it out.
这道数学题太难了,以至于只有一些学生能做出来。
Q易错提醒
在做题时,如果题干中的 only/just表示“只有”,一定要选a few或a little。
3. few, little, a few, a little 的区别。
有一些(表肯定) 几乎没有(表否定)
用于可数名词 a few few
用于不可数名词 a little little
用法 (a)few 修饰或代替复数可数名词; (a)little 修饰或代替不可数名词。
@记忆口诀
few,三个字母,一个巴掌就能数,所以few系列加可数名词复数;little,六个字母,一个巴掌不够数,所以 little系列加不可数名词。little,a little,few,a few,有a就是“有一些”没a就是“几乎没有”。
【题模全练】
1. Many of them heard about that film, but had time to see it.
A. few B.a few C. little D. a little
【解析】句意:很多人听说过那部电影,但几乎没有人有时间看它。but表转折,说明没有看的人这里是可数名词表否定,用few,故选A。
2.-You look sad, Kate.
Yeah, I have made mistakes in my report.
A. a little B. little C.a few D. few
【解析】句意:--你看起来很伤心,凯特。--是的,在报告中我犯了好几个错误。根据语境,可知是肯定的回答,故排除B、D选项。mistakes是可数名词复数形式,故选C。
3. There is milk in the glass and it's bad.
A. a little; a little bit B. a little; a bit of
C. a little bit; a bit of D. a little; little
【解析】句意:杯子里有一些牛奶,并且它有点坏了。milk是不可数名词,表示有一点牛奶用。little,后半句表示牛奶有点坏了,a little bit后加形容词。故选A。
There is news about this movie star in the newspaper, Where can I get some
A. many B.a few C. a lot D. little
【解析】句意:报纸上几乎没有关于这位电影明星的消息。我在哪里可以得到一些消息 本题考查代词的用法。many和a few修饰可数名词,little修饰不可数名词,a lot常修饰感叹词、介词短语形容词或副词的比较级。news是不可数名词,故选D。
5. We are almost as tall as each other. She is only taller than me.
A. little B.a few C. a little D. Much
【解析】句意:我们几乎一样高。她只比我高一点。a little 一点,可以修饰比较级,表示程度根据题意,故选C。
基础考点8代词易混点之both/neither/either
【考点全解】
1.bot,代词,译为“两者都”,表达肯定语气。常用短语:both of+名词/代词,译为“两个……都”,当“both of.”作主语时,视为复数。
例Both of the students love music.两个学生都热爱音乐
Both of us love music.我们两个都热爱音乐。
neither,代词,译为“两者都不”,表达否定语气。常用短语:neither of+名词/代词,译为“两个……都不”,当“neither of.”作主语时,视为单数。
例Neither of the students loves music.两个学生都不热爱音乐
Neither of us loves music.我们两个都不热爱音乐。
Neither of the boys is good at singing.两个男孩都不擅长唱歌。
3.either,代词,译为“两者中的任何一个”。常用短语:either of+名词/代词。此短语作主语
时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
例Either of cakes is for you.其中一块蛋糕是给你的。
Do you want some tea or coffee 你想喝茶还是咖啡
-Either is OK,/-Neither,just water,please.都行。/都不要,请给我水。
【题模全练】
-Which fat do you prefer, the one with three bedrooms or the one with a big kitchen
- . I just want a fat with a comfortable balcony.
A.Both B.All C. None D. Neither
【解析】句意:--你喜欢哪套公寓,有三间卧室的还是有大厨房的 --都不是。我只是想要一个有舒适阳台的公寓。第一句问句为选择疑问句,并给出两个选择,“三个卧室,或是一个带大厨房”;可是答句中,说到“只是需要有一个舒适阳台的公寓”,可想而知,之前的两个都没有选,即两者都不,即“neither”,故选D。
2.-Which of the two subjects do you like, art or music
- . They are really interesting.
A. Neither B. Both C.None
【解析】句意:--你喜欢哪一门课,艺术还是音乐 --都喜欢。它们真的很有趣。答句中提到,“它们真的很有趣”,那也就是说,美术和音乐都喜欢,即两者都,即“both”,故选B。
3.-When are we going to see the movie ZooTopia, this afternoon or tonight
- is OK. I'm free today.
Either B.Neither C. Both D.All
【解析】句意:--我们什么时候去看电影《疯狂动物城》,今天下午还是今晚 --都可以。我今天有空。第一句是选择疑问句,有两个选择,故排除D选项;其次,横线后是is,说明前面是表示单数的词,所以排除C选项;最后说到“我今天有空”,也就是说,两个中的任何一个都可以。表示两者都可以的是“either”,故选A。
基础考点9 代词易混点之 both.and.../neither...nor./either...or..
【考点全解】
1.both A and B,译为“A和B都……”,这个结构作主语时,要把它看作复数。
例Both Lucy and Lily like swimming.露西和莉莉都喜欢游泳。
Both Lucy and Lily are good at swimming.露西和莉莉都擅长游泳。
I like both apples and bananas.我喜欢苹果和香蕉。
I like both playing basketball and listening to music.我喜欢打篮球和听音乐。
2.neither A nor B,译为“A和B都不”,当这个结构作主语时,谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”。
例Neither you nor I like dancing.你和我部不喜欢跳舞。
Neither you nor Lucy likes swimming你和露西部不喜欢游泳。
Neither he nor we want to go to school.他利我们都不卷去上学。
Neither he nor you are right.他和你都不对。
3.either A 0r B,译为“要么A,要么B”,当这个结构作主语时,谓语动同要遵循“就近原则”。例Either he or you are right.要么他,要么你是对的。
Either we or Lucy helps the lost boy.要么我们,要么露西,帮助这个走失的男孩。
【题模全练】
Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A.Both:and B.Either: or
C Neither; nor
【解析】句意:莉莉或露西可能会和你一起去,因为她们中的一个必须待在家里:“因为能们的一个必须待在家里”,两者中的一个。用到的句型是either…or…,译为“要么……要么……”,故选 B。
Tom Peter are fond of watching TV.
A.Both;and B.Either; or C.Neither; nor
【最析)句意:汤姆和彼得都喜欢看电视。题干中,提到了am和Pe两个人。同时,用的 are 是复数,同时符合这两点的是both…and…,故选A。
3.-Can you tell me how to make Russian soup
-Certainly. Amy I are good at making it.
A.Bot:and B.Either; or C. Neither: nor
【解折】句意:--你能告诉我怎么做俄罗斯汤吗 --当然:艾米和我都准推长做。覆线前后走接两人,并且所用系动词为are,所以既表示两人又用到复数的搭配应该是both…and…,故选A。
基础考点10代词易混点之 all/none
【考点全解】
1.all 有两种词性,代词和形容词,译为“所有、都”。
(1)a修饰主语名词时,可放在句首、实义动词前或be动词后。
例All the students like be teacher.所有学生都喜欢那个老师。
All my brothers are tall.我所有的兄弟都很高。
(2)aIl of+名词/代词,译为“所有的"。
例All of students like the teacher. 所有学生都喜欢那个老师。
AIl of my brothers are tall. 我所有的兄弟都准高。
带all的句子,加not变否定,但不是完全否定。而是部分否定。
All of my brothers are not tall.并非我所有的兄弟都很高。
2.none,代词,译为“都不”。none of+名词/代调表示完全否定。
(1)none of+名词/代词作主语时,训语动词用单、复数均可。
例None of my brothers are tall./None of my brothers is tall 我的兄弟都不高。
None of the students like the story.None of the students likes the story,没有学生喜欢那个故事。
当none of后面接的名词/代词是单数时,动间或be动词要用单数。
例None of this was discussed.此事没有被讨论过
【题模全练】
1.My father bought me several books, but I liked of them.
A. none B.neither C.both D. all
【解析】句意:我爸爸给我买了几本书,但是我都不喜欢。but表示转折,none表示“三者或者以上都不”,故选A。
2.-When shall we meet again next time
- day is all right.
A. Any B.None C. Either D.Neither
【解析】句意:--我们下次什么时候再见面 --任何一天都可以。根据句意可知,并没有限定两天里面选一天,那就默认为是在三天及三天以上任选一天,且答句中有is,所以前面指的是天;any在这里是“任何一天”的意思,故选A。
3.-Did you see those students
No, l saw of them.
A. both B.all C. none D.neither
【解析】句意:--你看到那些学生了吗 --不,我没有看见。这里没有提到两者,那就默认为是二者及三者以上,其否定用none,故选C。
基础考点11 other 作形容词的用法
【考点全解】
other作形容词时,译为“其他的,其余的”,有三种用法:
1.“one+单数名词…,the other+ 单数名词”,特指两者中的“一个……,另一个……”。
例There are two persons. One person is you. The other person is me.
有两个人。一个人就是你。另一个人是我。
I have two sisters. One sister is beautiful. The other sister is smart.
我有两个姐姐。一个姐姐很漂亮。另一个姐姐很聪明。
2.the other + 复数名词,表示“其余所有的……”
例 There are 20 girls in our class. The other students are boys,我们班有20名女生,其余都是男生。
other + 复数名词,表示“别的,其他的”。
例We should help other people我们要帮助他人。
I have other things to do.我有其他事情要做。
【题模全练】
1.The little girl painted one side of the paper green but side black.
A. the other B. the others C. another D.other
【解析】句意:小女孩把纸的一面涂成绿色,而把纸的另一面涂成黑色。“one+单数名间,the other+单数名词”,特指两者中的“一个…,另一个…”。故选A。
2. People often think the grass is always greener on side of the fence ( 篱笆).
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
【解析】句意:人们总是认为在篱笆的另一面的草更绿。A选项,another另一个,再一个、指者或三者以上的另一个:B选项,other其他的,经常用来修饰名词复数:C选项,the other另一个特指两个中的另一个;D选项,o0ens泛指其他的。窝爸有两边,这里特指另一边、故选C。
3. Mary is hard-working. She works harder than classmates in her class.
A. any other B. the other C.other D. any of the
【解析】句意:玛丽学习努力,她比她班里的其他同学们更努力。any other+名词的单数,表示“比其他任何一个………”;the other+名词的复数,表示“其余所有的……”:other+名词的复数表示“别的,其他的”。根据题意,故选B
基础考点12 other 作代词的用法
【考点全解】
other 作代词时,译为“其他的(人或物),其余的”,后面不加名词。有三种用法:
1.常用结构“one...the other...”,译为“(两者之中)一个……另一个……"。
例 One is Zhang Fei,the other is Guan Sir.一个是张飞,另一个是关先生
I have two sisters. One is beautiful, the other is smart.
我有两个姐姐。一个很漂亮。另一个很聪明。
the others=the other+复数可数名词,表示“剩余的所有人或事”。
例Especially the others in our class.尤其是我们班的其他所有学生。
In our school, thirty of them are women teachers and the others are men teachers.
在我们学校,30个是女教师,其余的都是男教师
3.others=other+复数名词,泛指“其他人或物”。
例l will help others in the future.以后我也要帮助别人。
the other people
So many others like her.很多其他人喜欢她。
the other people
【题模全练】
1. Jim has two brothers. One is Peter, is Tom.
A. other B. the other C. Others D.another
【解析】句意;吉姆有两个兄弟,一个是彼得,另一个是汤姆。在英语中,one...the other 相当于一对关联词,表示“一个……另一个……”,前提是“two”。结合语境,故选B。
2. She has two good friends, One is Sally and is Susan.
A. another B.other C. the other D. others
【解析】句意:她有两个好朋友。一个是莎莉,另一个是苏珊。A选项,another另外一个;B选项other 其他的;C选项,the other两个中的另外一个;D选项,others别的(人/物)。根据句意,故选C。
3. l read a few articles, I think this article is better than .
A.other article B. the other C. another D. the others
【解析】句意:我读了几篇文章。我认为这篇文章比其他文章好。A选项,other别的,其他的;B选项,the other 特指两者中的另一个;C选项,another别的,其他的;D选项,the others剩下的全部。根据“I read a few articles”以及“I think this article is better than ”可知,在我读过的文章当中,这篇文章与其他的文章相比是比较好的,故选D。
基础考点13 复合不定代词词义辨析
【考点全解】
1.复合不定代词是由some-,any-,every-,no-与-one,-body,-thing 等构成的不定代词,表示不确定的人或事。
-one(人) -body(人) -thing(东西/事)
some-(某个) someone 某人 somebody 某人 something某物/某事
any-(任何) anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何东西/任何事
every-(每个) everyone 每人 everybody每人 everything每个东西/每件事
no-(没有) no one 没人 nobody 没人 nothing没有东西/事情
例 Do you have something to cat.你有什么吃的吗
I have nothing.我什么也没有。
Everyone must be hungry.每个人都饿了。
Anything on the table will be delicious.桌子上的任何食物都会很美味。
2.复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
例Somebody is waiting for me at home.有人在家等我。
It's Sunday.Nobody is at home.今天是周日,没有人在家。
Q 要点提升
everyone 和every one 的区别:
everyone 指“每一个人”,every one 指“每个”,可指“人、东西或事物”。
例 every one of the family 家庭中的每一分子(指人)
every one of the bags这些包中的每一个(指物)
every one后面能跟 of短语,everyone 后面不能跟 of短语。
例 Not everyone can work out the problem.不是所有人都能算出这道题。
2.everybody,everyone 和everything 常用子肯定句,用于否定时,表示部分否定。与其
相对应的全部否定用nobody,no one/none和nothing。
【题模全练】
1.-There's important in today's newspaper, isn't there
-Sorry, I don't know. l haven't got the paper yet.
nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
【解析】句意:--今天的报纸上有重要的新闻,是吧 --对不起,我不知道。我还没拿到今天的报纸呢。本题考查不定代词和反意疑问句的用法。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否”的原则,故选B。
2.-What did you do last night
-I didn't do .
A. everything B. something C. anything D.nothing
【解析】句意:你昨晚做了什么 --我什么都没有做。否定句中用anything,故选C。
3. Nobody what the future will be like.
A. know B. to know C. knows D.knowing
【解析】句意:没有人知道未来的生活是什么样的。不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选C。
4. Everyone in my class the poor boy without parents.
want to help B. want helping
C. wants to help D. wants helping
【解析】句意:我们班的每一个人都想帮助那个没有父母的穷孩子。不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选C。
基础考点14 复合不定代词之 some-/any-
【考点全解】
1.some-/any-的基本考点。
some-类复合代词一般用于肯定句中,表示“某个,一些”。any-类复合代词常用于否定句和一般疑问句中,表示“某个,一些”。
例There is something delicious in this restaurant,这家餐厅有些好吃的。(肯定句)
There isn’t anything delicious in this restaurant. 这家餐厅没什么好吃的。(否定句)
Is there anything delicious in this restaurant 这家餐厅里有好吃的吗 (疑问句)
2.some-/any-的特殊考点。
(1)any-类复合代词常用于肯定句中,表示“任何”
例Actually,anything in this restaurant is yummy.事实上,这家餐厅的任何东西都很好吃。
(2)some-类复合代词用于疑问句中,表示希望得到肯定回答。
例-Would you like something to drink or eat 您想喝点什么或吃点什么吗
-Sure, can we have something to drink 当然,我们可以喝点什么吗
Q易错提醒
如果疑问句以“Would/Can/Could...”开头,选some-类复合代词回答的可能性极大!
【题模全练】
1.-ls there in your exercise book today
-No, mom. I did it very carefully.
A. something wrong B. wrong something
C. anything wrong D. wrong anything
【解析】句意:--你今天的练习本上有什么问题吗 --不,妈妈。我做得很仔细。本题考查“不定代词 +ad.”结构。问句是一般疑问句,回答要用 anything,故选C。
2.-Jack, is there in today's newspaper
-No, nothing.
A. anything important B. something important
C.important anything D.important something
【解析】句意:--杰克,今天的报纸上有什么重要的新闻吗 --不,没什么。形容词和不定代词的位置关系是:不定代词+形容词。所以C、D选项排除。anything用于疑问句或否定句中,something用于肯定句中,所以排除B选项,故选A。
3. Be quiet! I have to tell you.
A. important anything B. anything important
C.important something D. something important
【解析】句意:安静点!我有重要的事要告诉你。something表示“某事,某物”,一般用于肯定一般用于否定句及疑问句中。句及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中;anything表示“任何事物”修饰这些不定代词的形容词一般要后置,且结合语境可知本句表示肯定含义,故选D。
4.-What's the matter
-There is with my bike.
A. something wrong B. wrong something
C. anything wrong D. wrong anything
【解析】句意:--怎么了 --我的自行车出毛病了。something表示“某事,某物”,anything表示“任何事物”,指代某个不确定的东西,这两个词都是不定代词。如果有形容词修饰不定代词的时候,形容词要放在不定代词的后面,故选A。
基础考点15 复合不定代词之定语后置
【考点全解】
1.形容词修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词之后。
例But nothing serious.但没有什么严重的事。
I have something exciting to tell you.我有一些让人激动的事告诉你。
something important 重要的事 something interesting 有趣的事
Something funny滑稽的事 something different 不同的东西
2.else 修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词之后。
例I can't finish the work on time. Can someone else come to help me out
我不能按时完成这项工作了,其他人能帮忙吗
【题模全练】
1.-Did you buy for yourself
-No, I bought
A.something special; nothing B. special something; something
C.anything special; nothing D.special anything; something
【解析】句意:--你为你自己买什么特殊的东西了吗 -不,我什么都没有买。形容词修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词的后面,前文是一般疑问句,因此用anything。从下文回答中得知是否定回答,说明什么都没有买,故选C。
2. ls there about the project
A. new something B. something new
C. new anything D. anything new
【解析】句意:这个项目有什么新的内容吗 一般疑问句中用anything,复合不定代词的修饰语放在复合不定代词后面,故选D。
3. Put it down, Tom, You mustn’t read letter.
A.else anyone's B.anyone's else
C. anyone else’s D. anyone else
【解析】句意:汤姆,把它放下。你不应该看其他任何人的信件。通常else置于疑问代词或不定代词之后。根据语境,这里还表示所属关系,应用名词所有格,故选C。
4. There is wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.
A. anything B. something C.nothing
【解析】句意:我的后背有点问题,疼得很厉害。本题考查不定代词辨析。anything常用于疑问句和否定句,用在肯定句中时译为“随便什么东西”。something常用于肯定句,译为“某事某物”;nothing译为“没有什么”。由“i hurs seriously”可知,“我”的后背出问题了,特别疼,故选B。
基础考点16 反身代词的固定短语
【考点全解】
1.反身代词的种类。
单数 复数
第一人称 myself我自己 ourselves 我们自己
第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves 你们自己
第三人称 himself他自己 herself 她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己
2.反身代词的常用固定短语。
(1)teach oneself自学
例 I teach myself. 我自学。
(2)learn by oneself自学
例 I learn Chinese by myself.我自学汉语。
(3)enjoy oneself玩得愉快
例l hope you will enjoy yourselves tonight.我希望你们今晚玩得愉快。
(4)help oneself随便吃
例Help yourselves! 随便吃!
(5)speak to oneself-say to oneself自言自语
例 He spoke to himself at the party.在聚会上他自言自语。
(6)lose oneself in sth.沉醉在……之中
例I lose myself in the music.我沉醉在音乐中。
(7)look after oneself照顾自己
例We should look after ourselves.我们应该好好照顾自己。
Q要点提升
1.反身代词的用法:
句法作用 例句
作宾语 I teach myself English.我教我自己英语。/我自学英语。
作主语或宾语的同位语 I myself enjoy reading books.我本人喜欢读书。 You had better ask the driver himself.你最好问司机本人。
作表语 The little girl in the story is myself,故事中的小女孩就是我自己。
反身代词可用来强调主语本身,但是不能单独作主语用。
例 我自己本人将做这件事。
I will do it myself. / I myself will do it.√
Myself will do it. x
【题模全练】
Jim no longer asked Da Wei to teach Chinese. He is able to learn by now.
his; him B. him; himself
C. his; himself D. himself; himself
【解析】句意:吉姆不再叫大卫教他汉语了,他现在能够自学了。第一个设空处的代词在句中放在动词teach后面作宾语,所以应该使用宾格代词,根据前面一句的Jim 判断可知,应用代词him;第二个设空处考查短语“自学”,应该用learn by oneself,故选 B。
2.-No one taught English.He learned it .
-He is so clever.
A.his;himself B.his; by himself C.him; himself D.him; by himself
【解析】句意:--没人教他英语,是他自学的。--他真聪明。本题考查代词的用法。分析句子可知第一个空是作为taught的宾语,故要用人称代词宾格,用him。而在第二个空格中,由于有词组learn sth.by oneself,意思是“自学某事”。根据句意,故选 D。
3.-Come in, please. kids. Make at home.
-Thank you, Mr, White.
A. Yourself B.you C.yourselves
【解析】句意:--请进来,孩子们。别拘束。--谢谢你,怀特先生。Make oneself at home 表示别拘束,随便点,就像自己家一样。因为kids是复数形式,故反身代词也要用复数,故选C。
基础考点17 常见指示代词的用法
【考点全解】
1.this(这个),that(那个),these(这些),those(那些)的基本用法和区别。
(1)this 和 these。
①指位置比较近的人或东西。
例 This is my son.这是我的儿子
②)指下文要提到的事。
例I want to tell you this: nothing is impossible.我想要告诉你这个:一切皆有可能。
(2)that 和 those。
①指位置上比较远的人或事物。
例 That is my school.那是我的学校。
②指前文提到过的事。
例He was il. That was why he was absent.他生病了。那就是他今天没来的原因
2.one 和it 的区别。
(1)one 指代前文提到过的同一类事物,当指代一些事物时用ones。
例 This apple is small. Please give me a big one.这个苹果很小,请给我一个大的。
These books are mine.Those ones are Lily's.这些书是我的,那些书是莉莉的。
(2)it指代前文中提到过的同一个事物。
例My bike is very old,but I like it very much.我的自行车很旧,但我很喜欢它。
Where is my new pen I can't find it.我的新钢笔在哪儿 我找不到它了。
Q易错提醒
打电话的时候,称呼“我”为this,称呼“你”为that。
例This is Tom.Who is that 我是汤姆,你是谁
【题模全练】
1. Oh, you want a pen OK, l'll get for you.
A. It B.one C. them
【解析】句意:哦,你想要支笔吗 好的,我给你拿一个。it和one 都可以替代文中出现过的名词,it往往用来指代上文出现过的同一事物,而one则指代与前面提到事物属于同一类的事物,但并不是同一个事物;根据题意可知,说话者要给对方的只是其所有钢笔中的某一支,而且被指代的是apen为单数,不涉及复数形式,故排除A、C选项,故选B。
2. There are enough cups for each visitor to have .
A. one B. it C. this D. that
【解析】句意:有足够的杯子给每个游客一人一个。根据题意可知,本题应该填指示代词,这里泛指杯子,故用one。故选A。
3.-A latest English newspaper, please!
-Only one copy left, Would you like to have ,sir
A.one B. this C. that D. it
【解析】句意:--请给我一份最新的英文报纸!--只剩下一份了。先生,您要吗 A选项,one 指代同类异物,表泛指,相当于“a/an+名词”;B选项,this这个;C选项,that也指代同类异物,表特指,相当于“the+名词”;D选项,it指代同类同物,表特指。故选D。
基础考点18 it的用法
【考点全解】
1.it 作形式主语。
基本结构为“Itis+形容词+(for sb.)to do/that...”。it作形式主语,可避免句子头重脚轻。
例 保护环境很重要。
To protect the environment is important.
=t is important to protect the environment.
2.it 的特殊用法。
(1)指身份不明的人。
例Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.有人敲门,去看看(他/她)是谁。
(2)指无法区分出性别的婴儿。
例What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy 多漂亮的宝宝啊!是个男孩吗
3.it 的其他用法。
(1)指代时间或者季节。
例 It is summer. 现在是夏天。
It is10oclock.现在10点钟了。
(2)指代天气。
例 lt is sunny. 今天是晴天。
(3)指代距离。
例It is about 10 kilometers from here.那儿距离这里大概 10 公里远。
【题模全练】
is our duty the earth well.
A.This; protect B.This; protecting C. It; protect D. It; to protect
【解析】句意:保护好地球是我们的责任。“ the earth”是真正的主语,那么前面需用形式主语 it,根据“it is...to do sth.”可知真正的主语前要加 to,故选 D。
2. When we got to the park yesterday, started raining.
A. that B. it C. this
【解析]句意:昨天我们到公园时,天开始下雨了。根据句意,可知横线后面的中文意思是开始下雨,这里要找个代词来代替天气,it这个代词是可以代替天气的,故选B。
基础考点19 常见疑问代词的用法
【考点全解】
常见的疑问代词有:who,whom,whose,what which 等。其中 who,whom,whose用来指人,what, which 多用来指物,偶尔也可用于指人。
2. who/whom
(1)who表示“谁”,对人的身份进行提问,代替主语/宾语/表语。
例Who wants to go home 谁想要回家
-Lily wants to go home.莉莉想回家。
(2)whom 表示“谁”,只代替宾语的位置。
例-Whom is she talking to 她在跟谁说话
-She is talking to Tom.她正在和汤姆说话。
3. whose 表示“谁的”,是 who 的所有格形式,在句子中作表语或定语。
例-Whose pen is it 这是谁的笔
-It's his pen,这是他的笔。(回答时用人称代词的所有格形式放在 pen 前面作定语)
4 what 表示“什么”。
(1)可对人的职业进行提问。
例-hat is your brother 你哥哥是干什么的
-He is a doctor.他是一名医生。
(2)对东西、物品进行提问。
例hat are you eating 你在吃什么
(3)对内容进行提问。
例What did he say 他(刚才)说什么
5.which 表示“哪一个,哪一些”,在一定的范围中特别指定。
例Which song do you like best 你最喜欢哪首歌
【题模全练】
the population of your city
A. How`s B. What's C. How much is D. How many is
【解析】句意:你们城市的人口是多少 What's the population of...表示“……有多少人 ”,是固定句型,故选 B。
2.- are you going to the concert with this weekend
-My cousin. I'm sure we will enjoy .
A.Whom; ourselves B.Who; us C.Whom; myself D. Who; herself
【解析】句意:这周末你打算和谁一起去音乐会 --我表哥。我相信我们会很高兴的。因为要作介词 with的宾语,所以疑问词用whom;enjoy oneself表示“玩得高兴”,由前边的 we 决定oneself用ourselves,故选 A。
3. will you ask for help when you get into trouble
-My parents, I think.
A. Who B. What C. Where
【解析】句意:--当你遇到麻烦时,你会向谁求助 --我想,是我父母。A选项,who谁;B选项,what什么;C选项,where在哪里。由答语“My parents,Ithink.”可知,询问的是“谁”故选A。
4.- is her daughter
-The girl wearing blue jeans.
A. Why B. What C.which D. Where
【解析】句意:--她的女儿是谁 --那个穿牛仔裤的女孩。本题考査特殊疑问词,此题可用“逻辑推理法”来做,根据答语“穿蓝色牛仔裤的那个女孩”可推知,问句为“哪一个是她的女儿 ”故选C。
代词.专题突破
【人称代词】
1. Miss Smith is very kind. We all like .
A. it B. her C. him D. them
2. My father is ill in bed. I have to look after at home.
A. he B.his C.him D.himself
3. My father is a worker. is very kind.
A. He B. She C. His D. It
4. The headmaster introduced to the German visitors before the welcome party.
A. we B. us C. our D. Ours
5. His name is James, but he usually calls Jim.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
【物主代词】
6. We Chinese people are proud of country.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
7. They have decided to try best to raise more money for the poor children.
A. them B. their C. they D. theirs
8. My bike is old and is new.
A. you B. your C. yours
9.- father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday
-Peter's.
A. Whose B. What C. Which D. Who
10.-Is this computer
-Yes, it's . My mother bought it for me.
A. you; me B.your; my C.yours; mine D. your; mine
11.-Who is the best friend of at school
-I think Helen is. We often help each other.
A. mine B. his C. yours D. hers
12.-Is this dictionary or
-It's mine.
A. your; hers B. yours ; her C. your; her D. yours; hers
【不定代词易混点】
13.l feel tired. I have homework to do these days.
A. much too B. too many
C. too much D. many too
14. We don't have salt at home. Could you go and get ,please
A.any; some B. some; any
C.some;some D. any; any
15. There is still a little orange here, but people want to drink it.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
16. We have homework every day. So we have time to watch TV.
A. too much; little B. too much; a few
C.much too; few D. much too; a little
17.Most people don't like this game. people are playing it.
A. Only a few B. Not a few
C. Only a little D. A lot of
18.-Where would you like to go for your summer holiday, Beijing or Shanghai
- .I will go to Sanya in Hainan.
A. Both B. Each C. Neither D. Either
19. The book is bad. lt is interesting exciting.
A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor
20. There's a coffee shop on one side of the river and a restaurant on .
A. another B. any other C. the other D. the others
21.-I still want to drink something. May I have cup of juice
-Certainly. Here you are.
A. other B. more C. another D. else
22.Many foreigners found hard to learn Chinese.
A. no B. none C. all D. nothing
23. - can't find my ticket. I think I have lost .
A. at B.one C.it D. on
24.-I can't find the magazine I bought this morning.
-Well, Jack is reading over there.Why not go and see if it is yours
A.it B. that C.one D. some
25.I have three daughters. One is nurse, is a teacher and the third is a worker.
A. other B.the other C. another D. others
26. of us wants to pass the exam.
A. Each B. Every C. None D. No one
27. I should read English .
A. every day B. every C. day D. everyday
28.I can't give you both of the books. I can't give you them.
A. all of B. neither of C. none of D. either of
29. The twins look exactly the same. of them are in my class.
A. Each B. Both C. Either D. None
30.-Wow! You've got so many clothes.
-But of them are in fashion now.
A.all B. both C. neither D. none
31.Water is important to , so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone B. nobody C. somebody D. Something
32.-Who was hurt in the traffic accident
- .
A. None B. No one C. Nothing
【other的用法】
33. Can you give me minutes
A. ten more B. ten another
C. others ten D. little more
34.-Jack and Kate came back 2 hours ago.
-But students in the class aren't here.
A. the other B. others
C. another D. the others
35. Of the three foreigners, one is from New York, and two are from London.
A. other B. the others
C. the other D. others
36. She always thinks of more than herself.
A. other B. others
C. the other D. the others
37.I have got three tickets for the concert. One is for today and are for tomorrow.
A. the other B. others C. the others D. another
38. Some students are keen on dancing, while are fond of singing in Class One.
A. other B. the other C. another D. the others
【复合不定代词】
39.-Is there else in the classroom
-It is empty. is listening to a speech in the school hall.
A.anyone; Anyone B. anyone; Everyone
C.everyone; Anyone D.everyone; Everyone
40. Wait a minute, Lucy, I have to show you.
A. different something B. something different
C. anything different D. different anything
41. We didn't learn in this lesson.
A. something new B. new something
C. anything new D. new anything
42. We had fun and learnt new as well. We had a good time.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【反身代词】
43. Help to some fruits, boys and girls.
A. you B. yourselves C. yourself D. itself
44.The man called his professor for help because he couldn't solve the problem by .
A. herself B. himself C. yourself D. themselves
45.The twins corrected the mistakes on the test papers by .
A. them B. themselves C. him D. himself
46. Boys, don't touch the machine, or you may hurt .
A. myself B. yourself C. yourselves D. themselves
47. The Smiths didn't enjoy during the tennis camp because of the terrible weather.
A. himself B. themselves C.ourselves
【it 的用法】
48.--What's the time
- is 9 o'clock.
A. He B.It C. His
49. The skirt looks nice on you.Where did you buy
A.it B. one C. that
50.-Is this iPad yours
-Yes. My parents bought for my language learning.
A.one B. it C. other D. another
51. is really hard them to climb such a high mountain.
A. This; to B. It; to C. This; for D.It; for
【指示代词】
-I don't think it's very expensive to buy a family computer here.
-Really I'll buy next week.
A.it B. this C. one D. mine
53. The weather in summer here is like in Beijing.
A. this B. that C.it D. its
54.-Hello! Is that Rick speaking
-Yes. Rick speaking.
A.I'm B. That's C. He's D. This is
【疑问代词】
55.- is your father Does he still work as an engineer
-Yes, he has been an engineer for thirty years.
A. Who B.How C. What D. Which
56.- is that man over there
-He's my uncle.
What B. Who C. Whose
参考答案:
1-5 BCABD 6-10 CBCAD 11-15 CDCAC 16-20 AACCC 21-25 CDCCC
26-30 AADBD 31-35 ABAAC 36-40 BCDBB 41-45 CABBB 46-50 CBBAB
51-55 DCBDC 56 B