Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.知识点及练习（含答案）2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

2025年人教版英语八年级下册Unit2知识点及练习
一、重点单词
英文 词性 拓展
volunteer v. 自愿；n. 志愿者 volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
notice n. 通知；通告；布告；v. 注意到；意识到 notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事（全过程）；notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
sign n. 标志；信号 -
raise v. 募集；征集；提高；举起 - raise money 募捐；raise one's hand 举手
alone adv. 独自；单独 lonely（adj. 孤独的；寂寞的，强调内心感受）
repair v. 修理；修补 - repair sth. 修理某物
fix v. 安装；使固定；修理 - fix up 修理；装饰
give out 分发；散发 -相当于hand out
come up with 想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等） -
put off 推迟 - put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
hand out 分发 -
call up 打电话给（某人）；征召 -
care for 照顾；非常喜欢 -
try out 参加……选拔；试用 -
clean up 打扫（或清除）干净 -
cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来 -
set up 建立；设立 -
make a difference 影响；有作用 -
二、重点句型
“Could you please... ”请求句型
Could you please help me out with a few things 你能帮我做几件事吗？
回答：肯定回答常用“Sure. / Of course. / No problem.”等；否定回答常用“Sorry, I can't. I...”等。
“I'd like to... ”表达愿望句型
I'd like to help homeless people. 我想帮助无家可归的人。
“I'd like to do sth.”表示“我想要做某事”，相当于“I want to do sth.” ，但语气更委婉。
“It's + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth.”句型
It's hard to imagine life without them. 很难想象没有他们的生活。
此句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to do sth.” ，“for sb.”表示“对于某人来说” 。
“Not only...but also...”句型
The boy could read not only at the age of five, but also write beautifully. 这个男孩不仅在五岁时就能阅读，而且能写得很漂亮。
“Not only...but also...”连接两个并列的成分，表示“不但……而且……” ，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”。
三、语法知识
①、动词不定式的定义与形式
定义：动词不定式是一种非谓语形式，即它不能作为句子的谓语。其基本形式是“to+动词原形”，其中“to”是不定式符号，没有实际意义。
形式变化：
肯定式：to+动词原形
否定式：not to+动词原形
语态与时态变化：动词不定式还有被动语态和完成时态等形式，如to be done（被动，未发生）、to have done（主动，已完成）等。
②、动词不定式的句法功能
动词不定式在句子中可以担任除谓语以外的任何成分，包括主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
作主语：
动词不定式可以直接作主语，如“To master a language is not an easy thing.”（掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情）。
为了保持句子的平衡，常以it作形式主语，将不定式置于句末，如“It’s good to hear from you.”（收到你的来信很好）。
作表语：
动词不定式常用于be动词或seem等系表动词后面，表示主语的特征或性质，如“My job is to pick up litters.”（我的工作是捡起那些乱丢的垃圾）。
作宾语：
一些动词必须接动词不定式作宾语，如want（想要）、decide（决定）、ask（问）等，如“I forgot to close the door.”（我忘记关门了）。
作宾语补足语：
动词不定式常用于want、wish、ask等动词后面，补充说明宾语的动作或状态，如“He ordered her to leave right away.”（他命令她马上离开）。
作定语：
动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰名词或代词后面，表示被修饰名词的用途或特征，如“I have a lot of homework to do.”（我有很多作业要做）。
作状语：
动词不定式可以表示目的、结果或原因等，如“He got up early to catch the early bus.”（他起得早是为了赶上早班车）。
③、特殊结构中的动词不定式
疑问词+不定式：
动词不定式可以与疑问代词who、what、which及疑问副词when、how、where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语，如“I don’t know how to choose them.”（我不知道怎么选择）。
too…to结构：
表示“太……而不能……”，如“He was too excited to go to sleep.”（他太兴奋以至于睡不着觉）。
It’s+adj.+for (of) sb. to do sth.：
当不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，将不定式置于句末。其中，for和of的区别在于：for后面的形容词多描述事物性质，与不定式无直接主表关系；而of后面的形容词多描述人物特征，与不定式有主表关系。如“It is difficult for me to learn English well.”（对我来说学好英语太难了）和“It is kind of you to send me a nice present.”（谢谢你送我这么好的礼物）。
四、话题写作
本单元话题围绕“志愿活动和帮助他人”展开，写作时可能要求描述一次志愿活动经历、介绍志愿活动的意义或表达自己想要参加志愿活动的愿望等。
写作思路：
开头：引出主题，介绍自己参加的是什么志愿活动或想要参加什么志愿活动。
中间：详细描述志愿活动的过程，包括做了什么、遇到了什么困难以及如何解决等。
结尾：总结志愿活动的感受和收获，强调志愿活动的意义。
例如：
An Unforgettable Volunteer Activity
I took part in a volunteer activity to help clean up the park last Sunday.
Early in the morning, I got to the park with some other volunteers. We were divided into several groups. Some of us picked up the rubbish on the ground, such as plastic bags, bottles and waste paper. Others swept the paths. Although the work was a little tiring, we all worked very hard.
During the activity, we also met some problems. For example, some people still threw rubbish everywhere. We went to talk to them and told them the importance of protecting the environment. Most of them realized their mistakes and promised not to do that again.
When the activity was over, the park became much cleaner and more beautiful. I felt really proud of myself and all the volunteers. Through this activity, I not only helped to make the park a better place, but also learned the importance of teamwork and how to communicate with others. I believe I will take part in more volunteer activities in the future.
第二单元知识点测试
一、单项选择（每题1分，共15分）
We should do something ________ the animals in danger.
A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved
My sister ________ to help me with my English every weekend.
A. volunteers B. forgets C. remembers D. refuses
They are going to ________ a food bank to help hungry people.
A. set up B. put up C. give up D. look up
The old man lives ________, but he doesn't feel ________.
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone
You could visit the sick kids in the hospital to ________.
A. cheer up them B. cheer them up C. cheer him up D. cheer up him
—I don't know how to solve this problem.
—Why not ________ your teacher for help
A. ask B. asking C. to ask D. asks
We need to make some notices. Could you please ________
A. write down them B. write them down C. cut down them D. cut them down
The girl often ________ books to the children in the village school.
A. gives out B. gives up C. gives away D. gives back
The students are planning to ________ a clean-up day at their school.
A. put on B. take part in C. care for D. come up with
She ________ her mother. They are both very kind.
A. looks after B. takes after C. runs after D. goes after
The old man has no family and no money. We should ________ him.
A. take after B. take care of C. take off D. take down
We should try our best to make our city ________.
A. more beautiful B. most beautiful C. beautifuler D. the most beautiful
They ________ a plan to help the poor students yesterday.
A. came up with B. caught up with C. got on with D. went on with
The boy wants to be a volunteer to help others, and he feels ________ about it.
A. nervous B. excited C. sad D. angry
You can call me ________ 0531 - 88888888 if you need help.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
I have a friend called Tom. He is a very kind boy. He 16 likes to help others. Tom has a special 17 - he loves collecting stamps. He has collected stamps for many years and he has a lot of nice stamps.
Last year, Tom heard about a poor 18 in a small village. The school didn't have 19 money to buy some books for the students. Tom felt very 20 when he heard that. He thought he could do something to help.
He came up with a wonderful 21 - he would sell his stamps and use the money to buy books for the school. He 22 his plan with his parents and they agreed with him. Then he started to sell his stamps. Some of his friends also 23 him. They gave away some of their own stamps to help him.
With the money from selling the stamps, Tom bought a lot of books for the school. The students in the school were very 24 to see the new books. They thanked Tom a lot. Tom was very happy, too. He said he would go on 25 others in the future.
A. never B. hardly C. always D. sometimes
A. hobby B. job C. dream D. habit
A. hospital B. school C. library D. bank
A. enough B. some C. any D. little
A. angry B. excited C. sad D. nervous
A. problem B. idea C. answer D. question
A. talked B. told C. shared D. said
A. helped B. asked C. stopped D. found
A. sad B. bored C. tired D. happy
A. helping B. to help C. help D. helped
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）
A
Volunteering is becoming more and more popular among people. It gives us a chance to change lives, including our own. Here are some reasons why people like volunteering.
Helping others
Volunteers help people in need. They may bring food to the hungry, or provide clothes for the poor. By doing these simple things, volunteers make a big difference to those people's lives.
Getting valuable skills
Volunteering can help you learn new skills. For example, if you volunteer at a hospital, you might learn how to communicate with patients. These skills will be useful in your future life.
Meeting new people
When volunteering, you can meet people from different backgrounds. You can make new friends and learn from them. It can also help you improve your social skills.
Having fun
Volunteering can be a lot of fun. You can choose activities that you like. For example, if you love animals, you can volunteer at an animal shelter. You will enjoy working with animals and making them happy.
What does volunteering give us according to the passage
A. A chance to change lives. B. A chance to make money.
C. A chance to travel around. D. A chance to get a job.
Volunteers can help people in need by ________.
A. bringing food to the rich B. providing clothes for the rich
C. bringing food to the hungry D. providing clothes for the healthy
If you volunteer at a hospital, you might learn ________.
A. how to cook B. how to communicate with patients
C. how to drive D. how to use a computer
When volunteering, you can ________.
A. meet people from the same background
B. make new friends and learn from them
C. not improve your social skills
D. not have any fun
If you love animals, you can volunteer at ________.
A. a food bank B. a hospital C. an animal shelter D. a school
B
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to tell you about my experience as a volunteer at the local children's hospital.
I have been volunteering at the hospital for the past three months. Every Saturday morning, I go to the hospital and spend two hours with the sick children. I play games with them, read stories to them, and help them with their schoolwork.
The children at the hospital are very brave. They are facing a lot of difficulties, but they always have a smile on their faces. Working with them has made me realize how lucky I am. It has also made me more thankful for the things I have.
I have learned a lot from this volunteering experience. I have learned how to be more patient and understanding. I have also learned how to communicate better with others. These skills will be very useful in my future life.
I would like to encourage more people to become volunteers. It is a great way to make a difference in other people's lives and to learn new skills at the same time.
Thank you for reading my letter.
Sincerely,
Li Ming
How long has Li Ming been volunteering at the local children's hospital
A. For one month. B. For two months. C. For three months. D. For four months.
What does Li Ming do at the hospital
A. He plays games with the sick children.
B. He reads stories to the sick children.
C. He helps the sick children with their schoolwork.
D. All of the above.
What does Li Ming think of the children at the hospital
A. They are very sad. B. They are very brave.
C. They are very angry. D. They are very nervous.
What has Li Ming learned from the volunteering experience
A. How to be more patient and understanding.
B. How to communicate better with others.
C. Both A and B.
D. How to be a doctor.
What does Li Ming want to do
A. He wants to stop volunteering.
B. He wants to encourage more people to become volunteers.
C. He wants to work at the hospital.
D. He wants to make more money.
四、词汇运用（每题1分，共10分）
A）根据汉语提示写单词
We should ________ (募集) some money for the poor kids.
The ________ (标志) on the wall says "No Smoking".
My mother is ________ (生病的), so I need to take care of her.
They are going to ________ (义务做) in the old people's home this weekend.
The ________ (通知) on the board tells us a lot of important things.
B）用所给单词的适当形式填空
The old man has difficulty ________ (walk).
We need to make a plan ________ (help) the homeless people.
She spent two hours ________ (clean) the classroom.
The students are very ________ (excite) about the volunteer activity.
My father ________ (repair) my bike yesterday.
五、句子翻译（每题2分，共10分）
他看起来很伤心。让我们使他振作起来吧。
我们可以张贴一些标志来寻找丢失的宠物。
她经常去养老院照顾老人。
他们想出了一个好主意来解决这个问题。
你能把这些书分发给孩子们吗？
六、补全对话（每题2分，共10分）
A: Hi, Tom. What are you doing
B: I'm making a plan for our volunteer activity this weekend.
A: 46
B: We are going to the old people's home.
A: 47
B: We can help them clean their rooms, wash their clothes and tell them stories.
A: Sounds great. 48
B: We will meet at the school gate at 8:00 am.
A: 49
B: We can go there by bus.
A: 50
B: Everyone should wear the school uniform.
A. What can we do for the old people
B. Where are we going
C. How can we go there
D. When and where will we meet
E. What should we wear
七、书面表达（15分）
假如你是李华，你所在的学校将组织一次志愿者活动去养老院看望老人。请你写一篇英语短文，介绍这次活动的安排和意义。
内容包括：
活动时间（下周六上午）、地点（阳光养老院Sunshine Nursing Home）；
活动内容（如帮助打扫房间、表演节目、聊天等）；
活动的意义（如让老人感到温暖、学会关爱他人等）。
要求：
词数80 - 100；
短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Next Saturday morning, our school will organize a volunteer activity to visit the old people in Sunshine Nursing Home. ____________________________________________________
答案
一、单项选择
1 - 5 BACCB 6 - 10 ABCBB 11 - 15 BAABA
二、完形填空
16 - 20 CABAC 21 - 25 BCADA
三、阅读理解
26 - 30 ACBBC 31 - 35 CDBCB
四、词汇运用
raise 32. sign 33. sick 34. volunteer 35. notice
walking 37. to help 38. cleaning 39. excited 40. repaired
五、句子翻译
He looks very sad. Let's cheer him up.
We can put up some signs to look for the lost pet.
She often goes to the old people's home to care for the old people.
They came up with a good idea to solve the problem.
Could you give out these books to the children
六、补全对话
46 - 50 BADCE
七、书面表达
Next Saturday morning, our school will organize a volunteer activity to visit the old people in Sunshine Nursing Home.
We will gather at the school gate at 8:00 am and then go to the nursing home together. When we arrive, we will first help the old people clean their rooms and wash their clothes. Then, we will put on some shows for them, like singing and dancing. Finally, we will sit down and chat with them, listening to their stories.
This activity is really meaningful. It can make the old people feel warm and loved. Also, through this activity, we can learn to care about others and become more responsible. I believe we will all have a great time.