【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解B能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
B1 人与社会之经营的餐馆将希腊美食推广到全球 记叙文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
B2 人与社会之波特兰买房后打理花园 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B3 人与社会之内布拉斯加州普拉特河观察沙丘鹤的经历 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B4 人与社会之作者与花园结缘的经历 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B5 人与社会之一次紧张的会议场景 记叙文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
干扰选项特点
偷换概念：这类选项会把原文中的某个概念换成看似相似但实际不同的概念。比如原文说的是 “the benefits of regular exercise for physical health”，选项可能会变成 “the benefits of regular exercise for mental health”，将 “physical health” 偷换成了 “mental health”，如果考生不仔细阅读和辨别，就容易误选。
以偏概全：选项只选取了原文中的一部分内容或细节，却把它当作整体来表述。例如文章中提到了某种产品的多个优点，包括质量好、价格低、外观美观等，而干扰选项可能只说 “this product is popular because of its low price”，用价格低这一个优点来代表产品受欢迎的全部原因，忽略了其他因素。
无中生有：选项中出现了原文根本没有提及的内容或信息。比如文章是关于古代建筑的历史和特点，选项中却出现了 “the influence of modern technology on the renovation of these ancient buildings”，而原文中并没有提到现代技术对古建筑翻新的影响，这就是典型的无中生有。
反向干扰：选项表达的意思与原文内容完全相反。例如原文说 “Most students support the new teaching method”，干扰选项可能会是 “Most students are against the new teaching method”，通过设置与原文相反的内容来误导考生。
过度推理：这类选项往往根据原文内容进行了过度的推测和引申，超出了文章实际表达的意思。比如原文只是说 “Some people have started to use more public transportation”，选项可能会变成 “Public transportation will completely replace private cars in the future”，从一些人开始使用公共交通过度推断到未来公共交通将完全取代私家车，这种推理缺乏足够的依据。
【词汇清障】
第一组
B1 文章词汇题
roll A. 改变；转变
transform B. 滚动；转动
cuisine C. 使命；任务
mission D. 烹饪；菜肴
redefine E. 重新定义
B2 文章词汇题
productive A. 补救；纠正
remediate B. 优先考虑；给…… 优先权
revitalize C. 多产的；富有成效的
prioritize D. 使恢复生机；使复兴
decompose E. 分解；腐烂
B3 文章词汇题
conservation A. 突然地；唐突地
abruptly B. 保护；保存
compromise C. 坚持；不妥协
uncompromising D. 妥协；让步
distinctive E. 独特的；与众不同的
B4 文章词汇题
distraction A. 播种；种
sow B. 混乱；杂乱
chaos C. 分心；分散注意力的事物
impermanence D. 无常；短暂
humility E. 谦逊；谦卑
B5 文章词汇题
representative A. 使停止；阻碍
sidetracked B. 代表；典型
intervene C. 偏离主题；转移话题
pound D. 干预；介入
random E. 连续重击；猛击；随机的
第二组
B1 文章词汇题
airy A. 真实性；可靠性
authenticity B. 通风的；轻快的
inspiration C. 重新定义
immigrant D. 移民；侨民
redefine E. 灵感；启发
B2 文章词汇题
nursery A. 肥料；化肥
fertilizer B. 苗圃；育儿室
integrate C. 使融合；使结合
revive D. 出现；浮现
emerge E. 使复苏；使恢复生机
B3 文章词汇题
migration A. 神经的；神经系统的
neurological B. 迁移；迁徙
skim C. 古怪地；怪异地
weirdly D. 略读；浏览
roost E. 栖息；栖息处
B4 文章词汇题
humble A. 淹没；压倒
overwhelmed B. 不起眼的；谦逊的
preserve C. 无常；短暂
impermanence D. 保存；保护
prolonged E. 延长的；持久的
B5 文章词汇题
reserve A. 精确地；恰好
precisely B. 储备；储存
inhabit C. 家具；陈设
furnishings D. 居住于；栖息于
device E. 装置；设备
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B 1
（24-25高三上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末）The first thing I see upon entering Estiatorio Milos in Toronto is Costas Spiliadis, the 78-year-old owner, rolling ancient clay pots, once used to store olive oil and wine, across the beautiful white marble(大理石)floor. The scene, and the room, transport me from all-business Bay Street to a sunset walk in Crete.
Spiliadis has spent decades creating such an airy, comfortable restaurant. He opened the first Milos, a one-room restaurant, in 1979 in Montreal, transforming it into one of North America’s most beloved dining spots.
At first, Spiliadis didn’t seem like someone who would succeed in the restaurant business. He had no experience in cooking or running a restaurant. However, he found a small place on Park Avenue, where many immigrants(移民)settled, and began cooking with his mother’s recipes from Greece.
In his early years in Montreal, while working at Radio Centre-Ville, Spiliadis realized he was missing home, especially the food of home. While he saw Greek food all around him, it didn’t live up to the memories of his mother’s cooking. He thought, “We are losing an important component of our material culture. Our cuisine is being lost!”
Spiliadis started to focus on authenticity, wanting everything to be true to Greek culture. The generous offerings of the Varvakios central market in Athens have inspired most of his restaurants, with each dining room transformed into a similar market where diners can choose ingredients(食材)for their meals.
Spiliadis’ target was global capitals. “It’s a mission,” he said, “especially in key markets, where opinions are formed. I want to redefine Greek food and Greek dining. I choose these places on that basis.”
“He’s a man on a mission,” Lesley Chesterman, a former restaurant critic, said. “He’s really put Greek cuisine on the map.”
Today, Estiatorio Milos has locations across the globe, including New York, Miami, and London, with Toronto being the latest addition.
1．What does the author think of Estiatorio Milos
A．It’s a great place for a sunset walk. B．It has changed people’s eating habits.
C．It features a modern urban lifestyle. D．It’s a peaceful escape from the busy life.
2．What might contribute to the growth of Spiliadis’ restaurant on Park Avenue
A．A populous community. B．His experience in cooking.
C．A reasonably priced house. D．His ability to run a business.
3．Why did Spiliadis prefer to start his restaurants in big cities
A．To inspire other immigrants. B．To change the idea about Greek food.
C．To save money for his parents. D．To cooperate with the local markets.
4．Which word best describes Spiliadis
A．Humorous. B．Narrow-minded. C．Ambitious. D．Light-hearted.
B 2
（24-25高三上·山东济宁·期末）When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate (补救) what I already had.
The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns; prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers; integrating crops, trees and livestock; and shielding soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work.
I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I created a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived its ecological communities.
In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.
Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die.
5．How did the author use to improve the soil
A．By adding rich soil. B．By covering it with bags.
C．By removing the weeds. D．By applying chemical fertilizer.
6．What does the underlined word “shielding” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Exposing. B．Separating. C．Sheltering. D．Monitoring.
7．What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A．To explain the process of transplanting. B．To illustrate the prevention of insect attacks.
C．To stress the competition of different species. D．To state the formation of multi-species communities.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Soul of Soil B．The Vitality of the Wild
C．The Art of Gardening D．The Whisper of Flowers
B 3
（24-25高三上·甘肃白银·期末）Sandhill cranes circled around our bird blind, a converted shipping container set into the riverbank, and dropped out of the sky in groups, landing gently in the Platte River in central Nebraska.
“It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.”
“How do they keep track of their mates ” I asked. “They look alike to us, but I bet they look different to each other,” replied a woman in a green coat. I turned away from the birds to study her face. She had wide-set eyes, a ski-jump nose, and short gray hair. Was she the same woman I was chatting with on the van ride here
To my eye, humans are nearly as interchangeable as cranes. I have a neurological disorder known as face blindness.
As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement.
This is also true for the sandhill cranes. When humans replaced wetlands with farmlands, the birds adapted their diet to include crops like corn. The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year.
Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration — not with their eyes but their ears.
9．What can be learned about the bird watching
A．It was done in a hilly setting. B．It was focused on crane migration.
C．It was conducted with facial recognition. D．It was guided by a conservationist.
10．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 5
A．Her college life. B．Her classmates’ opinions.
C．Her childhood adventures. D．Her changing social strategies.
11．What is a primary reason for the increasing population of sandhill cranes
A．The expansion of wetlands. B．The variety of food sources.
C．The maintenance of habitats. D．The reduction of predators.
12．What does the last paragraph serve as
A．A clarification of how cranes identify each other.
B．An explanation of cranes’ physical differences.
C．A comparison of cranes’ vision and hearing.
D．A description of cranes’ migration patterns.
B 4
（24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）
Two years ago, fueled by my envy for those with gardens, I signed up for a plot, a place where I could read and write in the sun, safe from distractions. A few months ago, I was presented a half-plot of available land. The plot, which was bigger than I could dream of, was beautiful but overgrown — getting it started would require hard work. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.
Fast forward to now. After seeking guidance from my family and watching beginners’ gardening videos, I spend hours a week sowing, weeding, watering and harvesting. My summer at the plot has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows. Take the humble cauliflower — a common sight in the supermarket, yet it demands patient tending for up to six months, all for a short moment on the plate. Seasonality has also taken on a new meaning. I knew that all fresh food has its “season” but it was only when I was overwhelmed by an endless supply of courgettes that I really understood I could be eating them for months.
Yet abundant harvests come with a lesson in impermanence. Fresh produce goes off quickly once ripened and picked. And so I’ve turned to the old craft of preservation — learning what to boil and freeze, or make into jam — to make things last. When the harvest has been more than I can manage, I’ve shared the abundance with friends and family, spreading the joy.
While gardening is a welcome escape from the chaos of the modern world, you can’t avoid the reality of the climate crisis. It’s one thing to read these in the news or see them reflected in prices, but it’s quite another when you have to be in tune with weather patterns, praying for prolonged sunshine without the unbearable heat.
As I continue to tend my plot, I do so with a sense of humility, wonder and excitement. What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was worried I would fail the plot; instead, I’m finding myself growing alongside it.
13．How did the author feel when getting the plot
A．Proud but anxious. B．Grateful but puzzled.
C．Amazed but worried. D．Moved but disappointed.
14．While working on the plot, the author learned to __________.
A．remove chaos from life B．create seasonal recipes
C．identify common plants D．respect laws of nature
15．What does the author’s experience tell us
A．Labor is the most reliable wealth. B．Every season brings its own lessons.
C．The land is made better and so is the gardener. D．One should stay hungry for constant progress.
B 5
（2025·湖南永州·二模）President Chapman found it hard to take the alien (外星人) representative seriously. It was black and made of mist. It flowed around one end of the conference room table where a red bowl of dandelions (蒲公英) sat. The aliens had requested dandelions be provided at the meeting, while their ship remained in high Earth orbit.
“And Earth is a rest stop for your people ”
“Yes. It makes a fine place to stop off and refill our food reserves, get out and stretch, so to speak. We planted dandelions here as a food source…”
“Our conversation is getting sidetracked. We’re here to discuss the idea that humanity will be removed from Earth. You cannot simply wipe out an entire race of beings.”
“You were never intended to inhabit (栖居) this world. Your presence, and the mess you’ve made of it, has stopped the development of its own native intelligence. Honestly, we should have intervened sooner.”
The president pounded the table. “For the last time, dolphins are not intelligent enough to rule this planet.”
The mist sighed. “Look, I’m sorry. I know this must be hard for you. But you’re a mistake. A… random accident. A… a…”
“An escaped pet, you said.”
“Precisely. Think of yourselves as like those furry creatures you keep in your homes. The ones with four legs. The ones that—”
“Yes, dogs, I get it.”
“Right, dogs. You wouldn’t let a dog run a planet, would you When it chews up your furnishings, how do you correct it ”
“Hit it on the nose and say ‘bad dog’.”
“Well, there you go. We’re simply correcting a naughty pet as you would.”
The door behind the mist opened silently. Two men in dark suits entered, carrying a large silver box between them. They aimed it at the mist creature. The next minute, the misty alien was absorbed into the device, along with the remaining dandelions.
16．What might be the main topic of meeting with the alien representative
A．The likelihood of space travels. B．The improvement of dandelions.
C．The removal of humans from Earth. D．The emergence of native intelligence.
17．What does the alien representative mean by mentioning “dogs chewing up furnishings”
A．Furnishings should be made stronger. B．Humans need discipline as pets do.
C．Dogs must be trained in a better way. D．Curing pets of bad habits is challenging.
18．What’s the ending of the story
A．Dolphins flee the Earth. B．The alien is trapped.
C．Humans are wiped out. D．Dandelions die out on Earth.
19．What can be the best title for the text
A．Alien Apologies B．Pets’ Worries
C．Unexpected Inhabitants D．Native Intelligence17.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解B能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
B1 人与社会之经营的餐馆将希腊美食推广到全球 记叙文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
B2 人与社会之波特兰买房后打理花园 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B3 人与社会之内布拉斯加州普拉特河观察沙丘鹤的经历 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B4 人与社会之作者与花园结缘的经历 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B5 人与社会之一次紧张的会议场景 记叙文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
干扰选项特点
偷换概念：这类选项会把原文中的某个概念换成看似相似但实际不同的概念。比如原文说的是 “the benefits of regular exercise for physical health”，选项可能会变成 “the benefits of regular exercise for mental health”，将 “physical health” 偷换成了 “mental health”，如果考生不仔细阅读和辨别，就容易误选。
以偏概全：选项只选取了原文中的一部分内容或细节，却把它当作整体来表述。例如文章中提到了某种产品的多个优点，包括质量好、价格低、外观美观等，而干扰选项可能只说 “this product is popular because of its low price”，用价格低这一个优点来代表产品受欢迎的全部原因，忽略了其他因素。
无中生有：选项中出现了原文根本没有提及的内容或信息。比如文章是关于古代建筑的历史和特点，选项中却出现了 “the influence of modern technology on the renovation of these ancient buildings”，而原文中并没有提到现代技术对古建筑翻新的影响，这就是典型的无中生有。
反向干扰：选项表达的意思与原文内容完全相反。例如原文说 “Most students support the new teaching method”，干扰选项可能会是 “Most students are against the new teaching method”，通过设置与原文相反的内容来误导考生。
过度推理：这类选项往往根据原文内容进行了过度的推测和引申，超出了文章实际表达的意思。比如原文只是说 “Some people have started to use more public transportation”，选项可能会变成 “Public transportation will completely replace private cars in the future”，从一些人开始使用公共交通过度推断到未来公共交通将完全取代私家车，这种推理缺乏足够的依据。
【词汇清障】
第一组
B1 文章词汇题
roll A. 改变；转变
transform B. 滚动；转动
cuisine C. 使命；任务
mission D. 烹饪；菜肴
redefine E. 重新定义
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
B2 文章词汇题
productive A. 补救；纠正
remediate B. 优先考虑；给…… 优先权
revitalize C. 多产的；富有成效的
prioritize D. 使恢复生机；使复兴
decompose E. 分解；腐烂
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - D；4 - B；5 - E
B3 文章词汇题
conservation A. 突然地；唐突地
abruptly B. 保护；保存
compromise C. 坚持；不妥协
uncompromising D. 妥协；让步
distinctive E. 独特的；与众不同的
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
B4 文章词汇题
distraction A. 播种；种
sow B. 混乱；杂乱
chaos C. 分心；分散注意力的事物
impermanence D. 无常；短暂
humility E. 谦逊；谦卑
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - D；5 - E
B5 文章词汇题
representative A. 使停止；阻碍
sidetracked B. 代表；典型
intervene C. 偏离主题；转移话题
pound D. 干预；介入
random E. 连续重击；猛击；随机的
答案：1 - B；2 - C；3 - D；4 - E；5 - A
第二组
B1 文章词汇题
airy A. 真实性；可靠性
authenticity B. 通风的；轻快的
inspiration C. 重新定义
immigrant D. 移民；侨民
redefine E. 灵感；启发
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - E；4 - D；5 - C
B2 文章词汇题
nursery A. 肥料；化肥
fertilizer B. 苗圃；育儿室
integrate C. 使融合；使结合
revive D. 出现；浮现
emerge E. 使复苏；使恢复生机
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - C；4 - E；5 - D
B3 文章词汇题
migration A. 神经的；神经系统的
neurological B. 迁移；迁徙
skim C. 古怪地；怪异地
weirdly D. 略读；浏览
roost E. 栖息；栖息处
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
B4 文章词汇题
humble A. 淹没；压倒
overwhelmed B. 不起眼的；谦逊的
preserve C. 无常；短暂
impermanence D. 保存；保护
prolonged E. 延长的；持久的
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
B5 文章词汇题
reserve A. 精确地；恰好
precisely B. 储备；储存
inhabit C. 家具；陈设
furnishings D. 居住于；栖息于
device E. 装置；设备
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B 1
（24-25高三上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期末）The first thing I see upon entering Estiatorio Milos in Toronto is Costas Spiliadis, the 78-year-old owner, rolling ancient clay pots, once used to store olive oil and wine, across the beautiful white marble(大理石)floor. The scene, and the room, transport me from all-business Bay Street to a sunset walk in Crete.
Spiliadis has spent decades creating such an airy, comfortable restaurant. He opened the first Milos, a one-room restaurant, in 1979 in Montreal, transforming it into one of North America’s most beloved dining spots.
At first, Spiliadis didn’t seem like someone who would succeed in the restaurant business. He had no experience in cooking or running a restaurant. However, he found a small place on Park Avenue, where many immigrants(移民)settled, and began cooking with his mother’s recipes from Greece.
In his early years in Montreal, while working at Radio Centre-Ville, Spiliadis realized he was missing home, especially the food of home. While he saw Greek food all around him, it didn’t live up to the memories of his mother’s cooking. He thought, “We are losing an important component of our material culture. Our cuisine is being lost!”
Spiliadis started to focus on authenticity, wanting everything to be true to Greek culture. The generous offerings of the Varvakios central market in Athens have inspired most of his restaurants, with each dining room transformed into a similar market where diners can choose ingredients(食材)for their meals.
Spiliadis’ target was global capitals. “It’s a mission,” he said, “especially in key markets, where opinions are formed. I want to redefine Greek food and Greek dining. I choose these places on that basis.”
“He’s a man on a mission,” Lesley Chesterman, a former restaurant critic, said. “He’s really put Greek cuisine on the map.”
Today, Estiatorio Milos has locations across the globe, including New York, Miami, and London, with Toronto being the latest addition.
1．What does the author think of Estiatorio Milos
A．It’s a great place for a sunset walk. B．It has changed people’s eating habits.
C．It features a modern urban lifestyle. D．It’s a peaceful escape from the busy life.
2．What might contribute to the growth of Spiliadis’ restaurant on Park Avenue
A．A populous community. B．His experience in cooking.
C．A reasonably priced house. D．His ability to run a business.
3．Why did Spiliadis prefer to start his restaurants in big cities
A．To inspire other immigrants. B．To change the idea about Greek food.
C．To save money for his parents. D．To cooperate with the local markets.
4．Which word best describes Spiliadis
A．Humorous. B．Narrow-minded. C．Ambitious. D．Light-hearted.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】记叙文、个人经历、生活故事
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Costas Spiliadis将其经营的餐馆Estiatorio Milos逐步发展壮大，同时将希腊美食推广到全球。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The scene, and the room, transport me from all-business Bay Street to a sunset walk in Crete.(这个场景和房间把我从商业繁忙的湾街带到了克里特岛的日落漫步)”可知，作者认为Estiatorio Milos是一个可以让人从忙碌生活中逃离的宁静之地。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, he found a small place on Park Avenue, where many immigrants(移民)settled, and began cooking with his mother’s recipes from Greece.(然而，他在帕克大道找到了一个小地方，那里有很多移民定居，并开始用他母亲的希腊食谱做饭)”可知，帕克大道上人口众多的社区可能有助于Spiliadis餐厅的发展。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“I want to redefine Greek food and Greek dining. I choose these places on that basis.(我想重新定义希腊食物和希腊餐饮。我选择这些地方就是基于这个原因)”可推知，Spiliadis选择在大城市开餐厅是为了改变人们对希腊食物的看法。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Spiliadis’ target was global capitals. “It’s a mission,” he said, “especially in key markets, where opinions are formed.(Spiliadis的目标是全球首都。“这是一项任务，”他说，“特别是在形成意见的关键市场”)”可推知，Spiliadis是一个有雄心壮志的人。故选C。
B 2
（24-25高三上·山东济宁·期末）When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate (补救) what I already had.
The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns; prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers; integrating crops, trees and livestock; and shielding soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work.
I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I created a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived its ecological communities.
In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.
Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die.
5．How did the author use to improve the soil
A．By adding rich soil. B．By covering it with bags.
C．By removing the weeds. D．By applying chemical fertilizer.
6．What does the underlined word “shielding” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Exposing. B．Separating. C．Sheltering. D．Monitoring.
7．What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A．To explain the process of transplanting. B．To illustrate the prevention of insect attacks.
C．To stress the competition of different species. D．To state the formation of multi-species communities.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Soul of Soil B．The Vitality of the Wild
C．The Art of Gardening D．The Whisper of Flowers
【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】人与动植物、记叙文、个人经历
【导语】这是一篇记叙文 。文章讲述作者四年前在波特兰买房后打理花园，面对贫瘠土壤，采用现代农业方法改良，最终对土壤有全新认知的过程。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. (以前，在那些小得多的花园里，我会用从苗圃买来的几袋优质土壤来改良土壤)”可知，作者过去是通过添加优质土壤来改善土壤的，也就是添加肥沃的土壤。故选A项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面“Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns; prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers; integrating crops, trees and livestock; (现代农业的两个核心原则可以指导这一转变：尽量减少土壤扰动和强调生物多样性。在实践中，轮流种植作物；优先使用有机肥料而非化肥；将农作物、树木以及家畜进行整合)”和划线词后面“…soil from being washed away with cover crops (用覆盖作物来……土壤被冲走)”可知，这里说的是一些现代农业的原则及实践方法，提到用覆盖作物来防止土壤被冲走，划线词在此处应是“保护、防护”的意思，与“Sheltering”意思相近。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium. (五月的时候，我决定移栽一株开花植物。当我把这株植物挖出来时，各种各样的生物都冒了出来。蚯蚓在根部扭动着，一只长脚蜘蛛匆匆寻找藏身之处。在这株植物的下方，我甚至还看到了真菌菌丝体那细密的白色网状结构)”可知，本段描述了作者在移栽开花植物时，看到了蚯蚓、长脚蜘蛛以及真菌菌丝体等各种各样的生物出现，展现了多种生物共存的情况，目的是说明形成了多物种的群落。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. (摆在我面前的挑战是重振土壤)” 和文章最后一段“Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right. (我用手指穿过土壤，比以往任何时候都更清楚地意识到，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。它不仅仅是作为生命的媒介，而且本身就是一个有生命的实体)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者打理花园改造土壤的过程，通过实践对土壤有了新的认识，认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一个有生命的个体，强调了土壤的重要性及独特“生命力”，因此，“The Soul of Soil (土壤的灵魂)”作为标题最为合适，能够概括文章的主旨。故选A项。
B 3
（24-25高三上·甘肃白银·期末）Sandhill cranes circled around our bird blind, a converted shipping container set into the riverbank, and dropped out of the sky in groups, landing gently in the Platte River in central Nebraska.
“It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.”
“How do they keep track of their mates ” I asked. “They look alike to us, but I bet they look different to each other,” replied a woman in a green coat. I turned away from the birds to study her face. She had wide-set eyes, a ski-jump nose, and short gray hair. Was she the same woman I was chatting with on the van ride here
To my eye, humans are nearly as interchangeable as cranes. I have a neurological disorder known as face blindness.
As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement.
This is also true for the sandhill cranes. When humans replaced wetlands with farmlands, the birds adapted their diet to include crops like corn. The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year.
Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration — not with their eyes but their ears.
9．What can be learned about the bird watching
A．It was done in a hilly setting. B．It was focused on crane migration.
C．It was conducted with facial recognition. D．It was guided by a conservationist.
10．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 5
A．Her college life. B．Her classmates’ opinions.
C．Her childhood adventures. D．Her changing social strategies.
11．What is a primary reason for the increasing population of sandhill cranes
A．The expansion of wetlands. B．The variety of food sources.
C．The maintenance of habitats. D．The reduction of predators.
12．What does the last paragraph serve as
A．A clarification of how cranes identify each other.
B．An explanation of cranes’ physical differences.
C．A comparison of cranes’ vision and hearing.
D．A description of cranes’ migration patterns.
【答案】9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】动物、记叙文、个人经历
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在内布拉斯加州普拉特河观察沙丘鹤的经历，重点介绍了这些鸟类的独特行为和适应能力。这位有脸盲症的叙述者反思了他们识别人的困难，并将其与鹤在视觉上区分彼此的困难进行了类比。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段““It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.”(‘它看起来像一大群鸟，’我们的导游解释说，他来自一个名为Crane Trust的保护组织。‘但在整个迁徙过程中，它们实际上都是在家庭群体中度过的。’)”可知，这次观鸟活动是在一个自然环境保护主义者的带领下进行的。故选D项。
10．主旨大意题。根据第五段“As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement.(小时候，我似乎交不到任何朋友。我今天和某人很合得来，第二天就把他们当陌生人看待。我的同学们都觉得我冷热得奇怪。在大学里，我突然改变了策略——从把每个人都当成陌生人，变成把每个人都当成朋友。我认为这是一个很大的进步。)”可知，作者在第五段主要讲了她变化的社交策略。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year.(然而，沙丘鹤至少在一个方面是不妥协的：它们需要宽阔、浅的水道栖息——这就是为什么在一年中的大部分时间里，Crane Trust的工作人员会移走小树，防止灌木沿着河岸扎根。因此，沙丘鹤的数量每年都在稳步增长。)”可推知，沙丘鹤数量增加的主要原因是栖息地的维护。故选C项。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration—not with their eyes but their ears.(出于对鹤的好奇，我浏览了几篇论文，发现鹤可能确实长得很像，甚至彼此之间也很像。但它们的叫声很独特。这就是鹤在迁徙过程中追踪家人的方式——不是用眼睛，而是用耳朵。)”可推知，最后一段的作用是阐明鹤是如何识别彼此的。故选A项。
B 4
（24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）
Two years ago, fueled by my envy for those with gardens, I signed up for a plot, a place where I could read and write in the sun, safe from distractions. A few months ago, I was presented a half-plot of available land. The plot, which was bigger than I could dream of, was beautiful but overgrown — getting it started would require hard work. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.
Fast forward to now. After seeking guidance from my family and watching beginners’ gardening videos, I spend hours a week sowing, weeding, watering and harvesting. My summer at the plot has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows. Take the humble cauliflower — a common sight in the supermarket, yet it demands patient tending for up to six months, all for a short moment on the plate. Seasonality has also taken on a new meaning. I knew that all fresh food has its “season” but it was only when I was overwhelmed by an endless supply of courgettes that I really understood I could be eating them for months.
Yet abundant harvests come with a lesson in impermanence. Fresh produce goes off quickly once ripened and picked. And so I’ve turned to the old craft of preservation — learning what to boil and freeze, or make into jam — to make things last. When the harvest has been more than I can manage, I’ve shared the abundance with friends and family, spreading the joy.
While gardening is a welcome escape from the chaos of the modern world, you can’t avoid the reality of the climate crisis. It’s one thing to read these in the news or see them reflected in prices, but it’s quite another when you have to be in tune with weather patterns, praying for prolonged sunshine without the unbearable heat.
As I continue to tend my plot, I do so with a sense of humility, wonder and excitement. What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was worried I would fail the plot; instead, I’m finding myself growing alongside it.
13．How did the author feel when getting the plot
A．Proud but anxious. B．Grateful but puzzled.
C．Amazed but worried. D．Moved but disappointed.
14．While working on the plot, the author learned to __________.
A．remove chaos from life B．create seasonal recipes
C．identify common plants D．respect laws of nature
15．What does the author’s experience tell us
A．Labor is the most reliable wealth. B．Every season brings its own lessons.
C．The land is made better and so is the gardener. D．One should stay hungry for constant progress.
【答案】13．C 14．D 15．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、个人经历
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与花园结缘的经历，以及这段经历给作者带来的感悟和成长。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The plot, which was bigger than I could dream of, was beautiful but overgrown — getting it started would require hard work. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.(这块地比我想象的要大，很美，但杂草丛生——要开始耕种需要付出艰苦的努力。我不确定自己是否有这个能力)”可知，作者发现这块地比想象的要大，很美，他感到惊讶(amazed)，但它杂草丛生，需要付出艰苦的努力，所以又担心(worried)自己无法胜任。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“My summer at the plot has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows.(我在这块地上的夏天到目前为止给我带来了无数的教训，但最重要的一个是更多地了解了食物是如何生长的)”和最后一段中“What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us.(起初只是想要一小块绿地，现在已经变成了更重要的事情 —— 与我当地的环境建立联系，尊重我所吃的食物，意识到维持我们生存的脆弱的自然系统)”可知，在耕种这块地的过程中，作者了解了食物是如何生长，学会尊重食物，意识到维持我们生存的脆弱自然系统，即学会了尊重自然规律。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was worried I would fail the plot; instead, I’m finding myself growing alongside it.(最初只是对一小块绿地的渴望，现在已经发展成为更有意义的东西——与我所在地的环境的联系，对我所吃的食物的尊重，以及对维持我们的脆弱自然系统的认识。一开始，我担心自己会失败；相反，我发现自己也在和它一起成长)”可知，作者的经历告诉我们，土地变得更好，园丁也是如此，即人与土地是相互促进，共同成长的。故选C项。
B 5
（2025·湖南永州·二模）President Chapman found it hard to take the alien (外星人) representative seriously. It was black and made of mist. It flowed around one end of the conference room table where a red bowl of dandelions (蒲公英) sat. The aliens had requested dandelions be provided at the meeting, while their ship remained in high Earth orbit.
“And Earth is a rest stop for your people ”
“Yes. It makes a fine place to stop off and refill our food reserves, get out and stretch, so to speak. We planted dandelions here as a food source…”
“Our conversation is getting sidetracked. We’re here to discuss the idea that humanity will be removed from Earth. You cannot simply wipe out an entire race of beings.”
“You were never intended to inhabit (栖居) this world. Your presence, and the mess you’ve made of it, has stopped the development of its own native intelligence. Honestly, we should have intervened sooner.”
The president pounded the table. “For the last time, dolphins are not intelligent enough to rule this planet.”
The mist sighed. “Look, I’m sorry. I know this must be hard for you. But you’re a mistake. A… random accident. A… a…”
“An escaped pet, you said.”
“Precisely. Think of yourselves as like those furry creatures you keep in your homes. The ones with four legs. The ones that—”
“Yes, dogs, I get it.”
“Right, dogs. You wouldn’t let a dog run a planet, would you When it chews up your furnishings, how do you correct it ”
“Hit it on the nose and say ‘bad dog’.”
“Well, there you go. We’re simply correcting a naughty pet as you would.”
The door behind the mist opened silently. Two men in dark suits entered, carrying a large silver box between them. They aimed it at the mist creature. The next minute, the misty alien was absorbed into the device, along with the remaining dandelions.
16．What might be the main topic of meeting with the alien representative
A．The likelihood of space travels. B．The improvement of dandelions.
C．The removal of humans from Earth. D．The emergence of native intelligence.
17．What does the alien representative mean by mentioning “dogs chewing up furnishings”
A．Furnishings should be made stronger. B．Humans need discipline as pets do.
C．Dogs must be trained in a better way. D．Curing pets of bad habits is challenging.
18．What’s the ending of the story
A．Dolphins flee the Earth. B．The alien is trapped.
C．Humans are wiped out. D．Dandelions die out on Earth.
19．What can be the best title for the text
A．Alien Apologies B．Pets’ Worries
C．Unexpected Inhabitants D．Native Intelligence
【答案】16．C 17．B 18．B 19．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、小说
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一次紧张的会议场景，描绘了地球总统与一位外星人代表的对话。
16．细节理解题。根据第四段“We’re here to discuss the idea that humanity will be removed from Earth. You cannot simply wipe out an entire race of beings.(我们在这里讨论人类将从地球上消失的想法。你不能简单地消灭整个种族)”可知，与外星人代表会面的主要议题可能是人类从地球上消失。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Well, there you go. We’re simply correcting a naughty pet as you would.(好吧，这就对了。我们只是像你一样纠正一个淘气的宠物)”可知，外星人代表提到“狗啃家具”意思是外星人认为人类就像狗一样，需要纪律和管理。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段“They aimed it at the mist creature. The next minute, the misty alien was absorbed into the device, along with the remaining dandelions.(他们把枪对准了那个雾蒙蒙的生物。下一分钟，雾蒙蒙的外星人和剩下的蒲公英一起被吸入了这个装置)”可知，故事的结局是外星人被困住了。故选B。
19．主旨大意题。文章描述了外星人认为人类是地球上的一个意外，他们计划清除人类，因为人类的存在阻碍了地球原生智慧的发展。C选项“意想不到的居民”最符合文章标题。故选C。
