13.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解B能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
B1 人与社会之与朋友交谈后转变心态，反思职业行为，改变带来积极影响 记叙文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
B2 人与社会之父亲的鼓励下重拾画笔，并考入艺术学院 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B3 人与社会之建立迪坎中心，来保存和展示非洲丰富的视觉历史 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B4 人与社会之土耳其人民如何变废为宝，将遗弃的书籍收集起来并建立起一座广受好评的图书馆的故事 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B5 人与社会之将废油转化为肥皂来帮助社区减少污染 记叙文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
三、高考英语阅读理解 B 解题技巧
（一）阅读前准备
深入研究题型：除了熟悉各类题型的常规设问、考查要点和干扰项设置，还要分析不同年份高考真题中题型的变化趋势，提前做好应对准备。
系统扩充词汇：制定科学的词汇背诵计划，利用词根词缀记忆法、联想记忆法等提高记忆效率。同时，建立自己的词汇错题本，将易混淆、易遗忘的词汇整理出来，重点复习。
专项强化语法：针对各类从句、非谓语动词、虚拟语气等语法知识，进行专项练习和总结归纳。分析自己在语法运用上的薄弱点，进行有针对性的强化训练。
【词汇清障】
A1 文章词汇题
第一组
exhaustion A. 偶尔的；偶然的
occasional B. 反思；思考
reflect C. 疲惫；筋疲力尽
accumulate D. 心态；思维方式
mentality E. 积累；积聚
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - E；5 - D
第二组
devotion A. 转变；变革
transformation B. 奉献；忠诚
negative C. 释放；解锁
unlock D. 驱动；推动
drive E. 消极的；负面的
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - E；4 - C；5 - D
A2 文章词汇题
第一组
blend A. 二维的
scarce B. 强调；突出
emphasize C. 融合；混合
two - dimensional D. 缺乏的；不足的
critical E. 挑剔的；批评的
答案：1 - C；2 - D；3 - B；4 - A；5 - E
第二组
fondness A. 作品集
lackluster B. 有建设性的
portfolio C. 喜爱；钟爱
constructive D. 暗淡的；无光泽的
self - esteem E. 自尊心
答案：1 - C；2 - D；3 - A；4 - B；5 - E
A3 文章词汇题
第一组
spark A. 使命；任务
mission B. 点燃；激发
craft C. 志同道合的
like - minded D. 行业；职业
industry E. 手艺；工艺
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - E；4 - C；5 - D
第二组
preservation A. 研讨会
narrative B. 保存；保护
seminar C. 展览；展出
exhibition D. 视角；观点
perspective E. 叙述；故事
答案：1 - B；2 - E；3 - A；4 - C；5 - D
A4 文章词汇题
第一组
trash A. 捐赠；赠送
treasure B. 垃圾；废物
donate C. 雪球般增长；滚雪球式发展
landfill D. 珍宝；宝物
snowball E. 垃圾填埋场
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - A；4 - E；5 - C
第二组
initially A. 管理；经营
administrate B. 最初；起初
frequently C. 可获得的；可使用的
accessible D. 经常；频繁地
waiting room E. 等候室
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
A5 文章词汇题
第一组
dispense A. 追求；致力于
pursue B. 分发；分配
urge C. 提取；提炼
extract D. 冲动；强烈的欲望
dissolve E. 溶解；使溶解
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
residue A. 洗衣粉
foaming B. 残渣；残留物
washing powder C. 非政府组织
non - governmental organization D. 泡沫；起泡沫
session E. 一场；一节；一段时间
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - A；4 - C；5 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B 1
（24-25高三上·辽宁·期末）I was a junior professor, stressed and working myself to exhaustion both at work and at home.believed that success in academic required to give my all. My devotion brought me achievements in publications, and a university position. But I was still exhausted and upset by feelings of not being good enough when I compared myself with coworkers who were more productive and fathers who seemed to be better with their kids.
The turning point came a few years later during a conversation with a good friend. When I told him about my struggles, he questioned me whether doing better meant that I was not doing a good job. That helped me see that, apart from the occasional misstep, was doing well at my job and that my children were growing up in a loving home. I realized that what needed to change was not my work but my mentality.
I reflected on how I wanted to behave as a scientist and a teacher. Was this career about accumulating the largest number of publications Did I want to be a teacher who was just absorbed in his world The answer to both questions was negative. The process of transformation didn’t unfold as smoothly as expected, particularly when it came to overcoming negative thoughts, which required a significant amount of time. Nonetheless, the positive changes I made proved to be highly beneficial. I’ve also summarized three specific points that enable me to realize my intentions while also furthering my research and career, building personal connection, sharing ideas freely and being a reliable and fun operator. I’ve seen how working with co-workers, with whom I have a personal connection unlocks creativity and Drives progress.Such connections don’t form overnight, but when I take the time to strengthen them by sharing news and personal conversations, I know the time is well spent. My productivity hasn’t suffered; if anything, my research has benefited from increased activity and engagement.
1．Why did the author feel tired and stressed
A．Because he was dissatisfied with himself.
B．Because he couldn’t gain others’ recognition.
C．Because he had tense relationships with his partners.
D．Because he failed to balance his career and home life.
2．What motivated the author to change his mentality
A．His talking with his friend. B．His realizing his failure.
C．His reflecting on his behavior. D．His questioning his own ability.
3．How did the author find his transforming process
A．Boring but effective. B．Challenging but rewarding.
C．Smooth and inspiring. D．Interesting and meaningful
4．What message does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph
A．Connections can be easy to form.
B．Work habits determine productivity.
C．Independent thinking is the key to success.
D．Meaningful relationships contribute to careers.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】哲理感悟、职业内容、记叙文
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位初级教授工作家庭疲惫不堪，与朋友交谈后转变心态，反思职业行为，改变带来积极影响，还总结三点助力职业发展。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But I was still exhausted and upset by feelings of not being good enough when I compared myself with coworkers who were more productive and fathers who seemed to be better with their kids. (但当我把自己和工作效率更高的同事以及似乎更会陪伴孩子的父亲们相比时，我仍然因觉得自己不够好而疲惫和沮丧。)”可知，作者是对自己不满意，觉得自己不够好，所以感到疲惫和压力。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The turning point came a few years later during a conversation with a good friend. When I told him about my struggles, he questioned me whether doing better meant that I was not doing a good job That helped me see that, apart from the occasional misstep, was doing well at my job and that my children were growing up in a loving home. I realized that what needed to change was not my work but my mentality. (几年后，在与一位好朋友的交谈中，转折点出现了。当我告诉他我的挣扎时，他问我做得更好是否意味着我做得不好。这让我看到，除了偶尔的失误外，我的工作做得很好，我的孩子在一个充满爱的家庭中长大。我意识到需要改变的不是我的工作，而是我的心态。)”可知，是和朋友的交谈促使作者改变心态。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The process of transformation didn’t unfold as smoothly as expected, particularly when it came to overcoming negative thoughts, which required a significant amount of time. Nonetheless, the positive changes I made proved to be highly beneficial. (转变的过程并没有像预期的那样顺利展开，特别是在克服负面想法方面，这需要大量的时间。尽管如此，我所做的积极改变被证明是非常有益的。)”可知，作者的转变过程并不顺利，具有挑战性，但是非常有益的。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I’ve seen how working with co-workers, with whom I have a personal connection unlocks creativity and Drives progress.Such connections don’t form overnight, but when I take the time to strengthen them by sharing news and personal conversations,I know the time is well spent.My productivity hasn’t suffered; if anything, my research has benefited from increased activity and engagement. (我已经看到了与同事一起工作是如何释放创造力和推动进步的，我与他们有着个人联系。这种联系不会在一夜之间形成，但当我花时间通过分享新闻和个人对话来加强它们时，我知道这段时间花得很好。我的生产力没有受到影响；如果说有什么不同的话，那就是我的研究受益于活动和参与度的提高。)”可知，作者看到了与同事建立个人联系如何激发创造力和推动进步，他的生产力没有受到影响，反而他的研究从增加的活动和参与中受益。因此，作者在最后一段中想要传达的信息是有意义的人际关系对职业有帮助。故选D。
B 2
（2025·云南大理·二模）One of my earliest memories is of my father sitting me down at our kitchen table with canvases, paints, and brushes. He taught me how to blend colors and use various materials such as acrylic (丙烯酸的) paints and watercolors. Whenever we felt inspired, we would set out all our materials and paint whatever our hearts desired.
My father grew up in a small village in the Dominican Republic. Despite the scarcity of materials, he created art with whatever was at hand. He saved his money to purchase paints and colored pencils to sketch on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before completing high school in New York with another aunt. He studied extremely hard and eventually obtained his citizenship.
As I grew older, I developed a fondness for drawing people, as I could emphasize the unique physical features that make each person special and beautiful. However, as time went on, I began to be overly critical of my own work. I worried that I could never match my father’s talent. My simple, two-dimensional drawings seemed lackluster compared to his realistic landscapes. I found faults in all my creations, so I became increasingly insecure. Art, which was once my favorite thing, made me feel I wasn’t good at it. Instead of striving to improve, I gave up and stopped drawing.
He noticed it and told me, “Mia, you should audition for the school. I wish I’d had an opportunity to study art like this when I was a child”. Moved by his story and determination, I worked on my portfolio and was fortunate to get in.
Attending the art college was an eye-opening experience. I expanded my artistic range beyond painting. I learned to embrace my individuality and talent, and became more open to sharing my artworks and accepting constructive criticism, thereby boosting my self-esteem regarding my art.
5．What’s the purpose of the author’s introducing her father’s experience in Paragraph 2
A．To prove that art is the only way to combat poverty.
B．To illustrate the roots of her father’s influence on her.
C．To criticize the lack of educational chances in rural areas.
D．To contrast her life with the difficulties her father endured.
6．Why did the author stop drawing for a while
A．Because the author thought she couldn’t be as good as her father.
B．Because the author didn’t like art anymore.
C．Because the author didn’t have enough art supplies.
D．Because the author was too busy with schoolwork.
7．What kind of person is the author’s father
A．Brave and carefree. B．Persistent and supportive.
C．Ambitious but dependent. D．Creative but stubborn.
8．What’s the author’s opinion expressed in the passage
A．Art is about following established rules. B．Talent guarantees admission to art programs.
C．Confidence comes from accepting imperfection. D．Progress can be achieved through trial and error.
【答案】5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、个人经历、生活故事
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从小在父亲的熏陶下学习绘画，但因自感无法超越父亲而一度放弃。后来在父亲的鼓励下重拾画笔，并考入艺术学院，通过学习更加自信，学会接受不完美，艺术水平也得到了提升。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Despite the scarcity of materials, he created art with whatever was at hand. He saved his money to purchase paints and colored pencils to sketch on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before completing high school in New York with another aunt. He studied extremely hard and eventually obtained his citizenship.( 尽管材料匮乏，他还是用手边的任何东西创作艺术。他攒钱买颜料和彩色铅笔，在家里的墙上画素描。15岁时，他独自一人来到美国，在佛罗里达的阿姨家住了一段时间，后来在纽约和另一个阿姨一起完成了高中学业。他学习非常努力，最终获得了公民身份。)”可知，本段中介绍了父亲在资源匮乏的环境中仍坚持创作，这种精神深深影响了作者，使得作者也对艺术产生了热爱。因此，B选项“To illustrate the roots of her father’s influence on her.(为了说明父亲对她影响的根源)”符合题意。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, as time went on, I began to be overly critical of my own work. I worried that I could never match my father’s talent. My simple, two-dimensional drawings seemed lackluster compared to his realistic landscapes. I found faults in all my creations, so I became increasingly insecure. Art, which was once my favorite thing, made me feel I wasn’t good at it. Instead of striving to improve, I gave up and stopped drawing.(然而，随着时间的推移，我开始对自己的工作过于挑剔。我担心自己永远也比不上父亲的才华。与他的现实主义风景画相比，我的简单的二维画显得平淡无奇。我发现我所有的作品都有缺点，所以我变得越来越没有安全感。艺术，曾经是我最喜欢的东西，让我觉得我不擅长它。我没有努力提高，而是放弃了，停止了画画。)”可知，作者停止画画一段时间是因为她认为自己无法达到父亲的艺术水平，对自己的作品过于挑剔，感到越来越不自信，最终放弃了画画。因此，A选项“因为作者认为自己不如父亲画得好”符合题意。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中“ Despite the scarcity of materials, he created art with whatever was at hand. He saved his money to purchase paints and colored pencils to sketch on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before completing high school in New York with another aunt. (尽管材料匮乏，他还是用手边的任何东西创作艺术。他攒钱买颜料和彩色铅笔，在家里的墙上画素描。15岁时，他独自一人来到美国，在佛罗里达的阿姨家住了一段时间，后来在纽约和另一个阿姨一起完成了高中学业。)”以及第四段中“He noticed it and told me, “Mia, you should audition for the school. I wish I’d had an opportunity to study art like this when I was a child”. Moved by his story and determination, I worked on my portfolio and was fortunate to get in.( 他注意到了，对我说：“米娅，你应该去学校试镜。我希望我小时候能有机会学习这样的艺术。”我被他的故事和决心所感动，开始着手制作我的作品集，很幸运地被录取了。)”可知，即使在极其艰苦的情况下，父亲依旧完成学业；同时父亲鼓励作者去试镜艺术学校，可以推断出父亲是一个坚持不懈且支持孩子的人。因此，B选项“Persistent and supportive.(坚持不懈且支持孩子的)”符合题意。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I learned to embrace my individuality and talent, and became more open to sharing my artworks and accepting constructive criticism, thereby boosting my self-esteem regarding my art.(我学会了拥抱自己的个性和才华，变得更加开放地分享自己的艺术作品并接受建设性批评，从而提高了我在艺术方面的自尊心。)”可知，作者更加开放地分享自己的艺术作品并接受建设性批评，从而提高了作者在艺术方面的自尊心，因此作者认为接受不完美是建立自信的关键。因此，C选项“Confidence comes from accepting imperfection.(自信来自于接受不完美)”符合题意。故选C。
B 3
（24-25高三上·河南信阳·阶段练习）Five years ago, Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson made an unexpected and meaningful discovery in the archives (档案馆) of New York: a wealth of African images that had been largely forgotten. This accidental finding sparked a fire in Ninson, inspiring him to create the Dikan Center in Accra, Ghana — a center devoted to preserving and displaying Africa’s rich visual history. Recently, the center, which translates to“take the lead” in the Akan language, celebrated its second anniversary, marking a significant milestone in Ninson’s mission.
Despite the fact that photography is not widely recognized as an art form in Ghana, Ninson’s passion for it was lit up by the stories told by his family and the fascinating photographs taken by a friend. With determination, he sold his iPhone and watch to buy his first camera and undertook a self-taught journey to master the craft. He later received formal education at the International Center of Photography in New York,where he was impressed by the large collection of African visual history.
With the support of like-minded individuals, Ninson collected over 30,000 volumes for the DikanCenter, which opened its doors in December 2022. The center is home to two collections: one focusing onAfrican and African American stories, and the other displaying the work of global photographers. More than just a library, the Dikan Center offers workshops, friendships, and seminars, attracting many industry professionals.
In addition to its educational programs, the center hosts a variety of exhibitions and film viewing,providing a platform for Africa’ s diverse narratives. For Ghanaians, the Dikan Center offers a fresh and enriching perspective on their history, sparking a sense of hope and inspiring a new generation of storytellers. The center stands as a powerful symbol of the importance of storytelling and history preservation, showing Africa’ s rich cultural heritage and serving as a source of inspiration for the continent and the world at large.
9．What inspired Paul Ninson to establish the Dikan Center in Accra, Ghana
A．His formal education at the International Center of Photography.
B．The lack of recognition for photography as an art form in Ghana.
C．Plenty of forgotten African visual historical images in New York archives.
D．His passion for photography lit up by family stories and a friend’s photographs.
10．How did Paul Ninson get the money for his first camera
A．He borrowed money from friends and family.
B．He received a reward from a photography organization.
C．He sold some of his personal belongings like his iPhone.
D．He used savings from his previous job as a photojournalist.
11．What does the Dikan Center do besides serving as a library
A．Selling African art. B．Exhibiting non-African works.
C．Offering workshops and seminars. D．Promoting Ghanaian photographers only.
12．What is the Dikan Center’ s goal through its educational programs and exhibitions
A．To internationalize Ghanaian photographers.
B．To conserve and exhibit Africa’ s rich visual history.
C．To train professional photographers for global markets.
D．To inspire competition among Ghanaians through storytelling.
【答案】9．C 10．C 11．C 12．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】文化保护、记叙文
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加纳摄影记者保罗·纳森建立迪坎中心，来保存和展示非洲丰富的视觉历史。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Five years ago, Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson made an unexpected and meaningful discovery in the archives (档案馆) of New York: a wealth of African images that had been largely forgotten. This accidental finding sparked a fire in Ninson, inspiring him to create the Dikan Center in Accra, Ghana — a center devoted to preserving and displaying Africa’s rich visual history.(五年前，加纳摄影记者保罗·宁森在纽约的档案中发现了一个意想不到的、有意义的发现：大量基本上被遗忘的非洲照片。这个偶然的发现点燃了宁森的热情，激励他在加纳的阿克拉创建了迪坎中心——一个致力于保存和展示非洲丰富的视觉历史的中心)”可知，纽约档案馆中大量被遗忘的非洲视觉历史图像启发保罗·宁森在加纳的阿克拉建立迪坎中心。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“With determination, he sold his iPhone and watch to buy his first camera and undertook a self-taught journey to master the craft.(下定决心，他卖掉了iPhone和手表，买了他的第一台相机，开始了自学之旅，掌握了这门手艺)”可知，保罗·宁森卖掉了一些个人物品，比如iPhone，买了第一台相机。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“More than just a library, the Dikan Center offers workshops, friendships, and seminars, attracting many industry professionals.(迪坎中心不仅仅是一个图书馆，还提供研讨会，友谊，和研讨会，吸引了许多行业的专业人士)”可知，迪坎中心除了作为图书馆之外还可以举办讲习班和研讨会。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For Ghanaians, the Dikan Center offers a fresh and enriching perspective on their history, sparking a sense of hope and inspiring a new generation of storytellers. The center stands as a powerful symbol of the importance of storytelling and history preservation, showing Africa’ s rich cultural heritage and serving as a source of inspiration for the continent and the world at large.(对于加纳人来说，迪坎中心为他们的历史提供了一个新鲜而丰富的视角，激发了希望，激励了新一代的故事讲述者。该中心是讲故事和保护历史重要性的有力象征，展示了非洲丰富的文化遗产，并为非洲大陆和整个世界提供了灵感)”可知，迪坎中心通过其教育计划和展览的目标是保存和展示非洲丰富的视觉历史。故选B。
B 4
（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）One man’s trash is another man’s treasure. It is absolutely the case in Turkey where garbage collectors started collecting books that have been thrown away and ended up opening a library.
It started when garbage man Durson Ipek found a bag of abandoned books when he was working and then it snowballed from there. Ipek and other garbage men started gathering the books they found on the streets that were ready for landfills (垃圾填埋地) and as their collection started to grow, so did word of mouth. Soon, local residents started donating books directly. The library was initially available only to the garbage employees and their families to use but as the collection grew, so did public interest and the library was opened to the public in 2017．
“On the one hand, there were those who were leaving these books on the streets. On the other hand, others were looking for these books,” Ankaya mayor Alper Tasdelen told CNN. “We started to discuss the idea of creating a library from these books. When everyone supported it, this project happened.”
All the books that are found are sorted and checked for condition. If they pass, they go on the shelves. Today, the library has over 6,000 books that range from fiction to nonfiction and there’s a very popular children’s section that even has a collection of comic books. An entire section is devoted to scientific research and there are also books available in English and French. The collection has grown so large that the library loans books to schools and educational programs.
“Village school teachers from all over Turkey are requesting books,” Tasdelen told CNN. The government has to hire a full-time employee to administrate the library.
This library is incredibly popular. It is frequently filled with the children of the city’s workers and students from nearby schools. There is a waiting room set up for readers and chess boards for the people who visit the library. You can even enjoy a cup of tea in the waiting room.
13．What can we infer from paragraph 2
A．Every citizen was accessible to the library at the beginning.
B．The collection of abandoned books drew few people’s attention.
C．The abandoned books would have gone to waste without the garbage men.
D．Local residents made little contribution to the collection of abandoned books.
14．What do we know about the library of abandoned books
A．It features books of scientific research.
B．It has an entire section of books in English and French.
C．Schools and educational programs have access to the books.
D．Books need to be sorted and checked for condition before being donated.
15．Why does the government have to hire a full-time employee
A．To make sure that the books in the library won’t be stolen.
B．To advertise the library to more Turkish villages.
C．To meet the demands from educational programs.
D．To help arrange donated books in the correct order.
16．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Popularity of the library of abandoned books in Turkey.
B．Reasons why the library of abandoned books was founded.
C．Benefits of the library of abandoned books to Turkish citizens.
D．People’s high demand for books on the library of abandoned books.
【答案】13．C 14．C 15．C 16．A
【难度】0.85
【知识点】记叙文、生活故事
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了土耳其人民如何变废为宝，将遗弃的书籍收集起来并建立起一座广受好评的图书馆的故事。
13．推理判断题。 根据文章第二段“Ipek and other garbage men started gathering the books they found on the streets that were ready for landfills (垃圾填埋地) and as their collection started to grow, so did word of mouth. (Ipek和其他垃圾工开始收集他们在街上发现的准备填埋的书籍，随着他们的收藏不断增加，口碑也开始传播)”可知，如果没有这些垃圾工，这些书籍就会被废弃。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“The collection has grown so large that the library loans books to schools and educational programs. (藏书量如此之大，以至于图书馆将书籍借给学校和教育项目)”可知，学校和教育项目可以借阅这些书籍。故选C。
15．推理判断题。 根据文章第五段“Village school teachers from all over Turkey are requesting books,”Tasdelen told CNN. The government has to hire a full-time employee to administrate the library. (塔斯德伦告诉CNN：“来自土耳其各地的乡村学校老师都在索要书籍”，因此政府不得不雇用一名全职员工来管理这家图书馆)”可知，政府雇用全职员工是为了满足教育项目的需求。故选C。
16．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This library is incredibly popular. It is frequently filled with the children of the city’s workers and students from nearby schools.( 这个图书馆非常受欢迎。它经常挤满了城市工人的孩子和附近学校的学生)”可知，文章从垃圾收集者收集废书并创办图书馆开始，介绍了这一项目如何变得十分成功和受欢迎，满足了市民和学校对书籍的需求。因此，文章的主要内容是关于土耳其废弃图书图书馆的受欢迎程度。故选A。
B 5
（2025·贵州毕节·一模）Turning used cooking oil into pleasant smelling soap might sound like magic. But that’s what Janetti Francischi has been doing since 2020. Dispensing the soap in her community, Francischi has not only made residents in her neighbourhood use the valuable products but also contributed to the environment by repurposing a common waste item.
Inspired by her mother, who was a druggist, Francischi pursued a bachelor’s degree in biomedical sciences and a master’s degree in pharmacology (药理学) at the University of Sao Paulo. She also earned a PhD there. After 32 years as a professor at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, where she taught more than 5,000 students, Francischi retired in 2017.
Seeing the mess of used oil in the kitchen and heavy waste from community oil pollution, Francischi felt an urge to help her community to change the situation. Based on what she had learnt, Francischi started producing bars of soap from used cooking oil.
Francischi tried the soap-making process at her home. The first step was to extract the oil with a cloth to remove any residues (残渣). After that, she heated water to near boiling point and added sodium hydroxide (氢氧化钠), mixing it very well until they dissolved. Then, she added the cooking oil. This is the most challenging part because the mixture must be stirred with a stick for 40 minutes. To increase foaming and fragrance, she also added some washing powder. Then she poured it into a plastic container, and cut it hours later.
Francischi collected cooking oil first from her family, friends and neighbors and later from small businesses, such as street food sellers. She distributed the soap in the community. People came, brought their bottles of oil and returned later for their soap. She also partnered with the non-governmental organization Seu Vizinho in a poor neighborhood where even basic items can be considered a luxury. She designed four workshop sessions last summer to teach more people, where the participants were provided with all the materials. Francischi did this work as a volunteer. She hopes to continue with this project for the rest of her life.
17．What does the word “dispensing” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Giving out. B．Taking in. C．Putting away. D．Using up.
18．What inspired Francischi to make soap at home
A．Her mother’s influence. B．Her academic background.
C．Her wish for new career. D．Her concern for pollution.
19．What is the last but one paragraph mainly about
A．The inspiration of recycling. B．The process of making soaps.
C．The way of collecting oil. D．The plan of helping people.
20．What may Francischi do in the future
A．Do her design work. B．Develop new products.
C．Share ways to make soap. D．Teach back to university.
【答案】17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】环境保护、记叙文、善行义举（个人）
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Janetti Francischi如何通过将废油转化为肥皂来帮助社区减少污染，并将其推广给更多的人。
17．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…Francischi has not only made residents in her neighbourhood use the valuable products but also contributed to the environment by repurposing a common waste item.( Francischi不仅让她附近的居民使用这种有价值的产品，而且通过重新利用一种常见的废物，为环境做出了贡献)”可知，Francischi让社区居民使用这些有价值的产品，由此猜测她在社区分发自己做出来的产品。所以“dispensing”应该是分发、给予的意思，和A选项giving out“分发”意思相近。故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seeing the mess of used oil in the kitchen and heavy waste from community oil pollution, Francischi felt an urge to help her community to change the situation.( 看到厨房里乱糟糟的废油和社区石油污染产生的大量废物，Francischi感到迫切需要帮助她的社区改变这种状况)”可知，Francischi看到厨房用过的油造成的混乱以及社区油污染产生的大量垃圾，想要帮助社区改变这种状况，所以是对污染的担忧促使她在家制作肥皂。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Francischi tried the soap-making process at her home. The first step was to extract the oil with a cloth to remove any residues (残渣). After that, she heated water to near boiling point and added sodium hydroxide (氢氧化钠), mixing it very well until they dissolved. Then, she added the cooking oil. This is the most challenging part because the mixture must be stirred with a stick for 40 minutes. To increase foaming and fragrance, she also added some washing powder. Then she poured it into a plastic container, and cut it hours later.( Francischi在家里尝试了这种制皂方法。第一步是用一块布提取油，去除任何残留物。之后，她把水加热到接近沸点，加入氢氧化钠，充分混合，直到它们溶解。然后，她加入了食用油。这是最具挑战性的部分，因为混合物必须用棍子搅拌40分钟。为了增加泡沫和香味，她还加了一些洗衣粉。然后她把它倒进一个塑料容器里，几小时后切开)”可知，这段主要讲的是制作肥皂的过程。故选B项。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She designed four workshop sessions last summer to teach more people, where the participants were provided with all the materials. Francischi did this work as a volunteer. She hopes to continue with this project for the rest of her life.( 去年夏天，她设计了四个工作坊来教更多的人，所有的材料都提供给了参与者。Francischi是作为志愿者做这项工作的。她希望在她的余生中继续这个项目)”可知，她去年夏天举办工作坊教更多人制作肥皂，并希望余生继续这个项目。由此推知，未来她可能会继续分享制作肥皂的方法。故选C项。13.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解B能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
B1 人与社会之与朋友交谈后转变心态，反思职业行为，改变带来积极影响 记叙文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
B2 人与社会之父亲的鼓励下重拾画笔，并考入艺术学院 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B3 人与社会之建立迪坎中心，来保存和展示非洲丰富的视觉历史 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B4 人与社会之土耳其人民如何变废为宝，将遗弃的书籍收集起来并建立起一座广受好评的图书馆的故事 记叙文 适中（0.65）
B5 人与社会之将废油转化为肥皂来帮助社区减少污染 记叙文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
三、高考英语阅读理解 B 解题技巧
（一）阅读前准备
深入研究题型：除了熟悉各类题型的常规设问、考查要点和干扰项设置，还要分析不同年份高考真题中题型的变化趋势，提前做好应对准备。
系统扩充词汇：制定科学的词汇背诵计划，利用词根词缀记忆法、联想记忆法等提高记忆效率。同时，建立自己的词汇错题本，将易混淆、易遗忘的词汇整理出来，重点复习。
专项强化语法：针对各类从句、非谓语动词、虚拟语气等语法知识，进行专项练习和总结归纳。分析自己在语法运用上的薄弱点，进行有针对性的强化训练。
【词汇清障】
A1 文章词汇题
第一组
exhaustion A. 偶尔的；偶然的
occasional B. 反思；思考
reflect C. 疲惫；筋疲力尽
accumulate D. 心态；思维方式
mentality E. 积累；积聚
第二组
devotion A. 转变；变革
transformation B. 奉献；忠诚
negative C. 释放；解锁
unlock D. 驱动；推动
drive E. 消极的；负面的
A2 文章词汇题
第一组
blend A. 二维的
scarce B. 强调；突出
emphasize C. 融合；混合
two - dimensional D. 缺乏的；不足的
critical E. 挑剔的；批评的
第二组
fondness A. 作品集
lackluster B. 有建设性的
portfolio C. 喜爱；钟爱
constructive D. 暗淡的；无光泽的
self - esteem E. 自尊心
A3 文章词汇题
第一组
spark A. 使命；任务
mission B. 点燃；激发
craft C. 志同道合的
like - minded D. 行业；职业
industry E. 手艺；工艺
第二组
preservation A. 研讨会
narrative B. 保存；保护
seminar C. 展览；展出
exhibition D. 视角；观点
perspective E. 叙述；故事
A4 文章词汇题
第一组
trash A. 捐赠；赠送
treasure B. 垃圾；废物
donate C. 雪球般增长；滚雪球式发展
landfill D. 珍宝；宝物
snowball E. 垃圾填埋场
第二组
initially A. 管理；经营
administrate B. 最初；起初
frequently C. 可获得的；可使用的
accessible D. 经常；频繁地
waiting room E. 等候室
A5 文章词汇题
第一组
dispense A. 追求；致力于
pursue B. 分发；分配
urge C. 提取；提炼
extract D. 冲动；强烈的欲望
dissolve E. 溶解；使溶解
第二组
residue A. 洗衣粉
foaming B. 残渣；残留物
washing powder C. 非政府组织
non - governmental organization D. 泡沫；起泡沫
session E. 一场；一节；一段时间
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
B 1
（24-25高三上·辽宁·期末）I was a junior professor, stressed and working myself to exhaustion both at work and at home.believed that success in academic required to give my all. My devotion brought me achievements in publications, and a university position. But I was still exhausted and upset by feelings of not being good enough when I compared myself with coworkers who were more productive and fathers who seemed to be better with their kids.
The turning point came a few years later during a conversation with a good friend. When I told him about my struggles, he questioned me whether doing better meant that I was not doing a good job. That helped me see that, apart from the occasional misstep, was doing well at my job and that my children were growing up in a loving home. I realized that what needed to change was not my work but my mentality.
I reflected on how I wanted to behave as a scientist and a teacher. Was this career about accumulating the largest number of publications Did I want to be a teacher who was just absorbed in his world The answer to both questions was negative. The process of transformation didn’t unfold as smoothly as expected, particularly when it came to overcoming negative thoughts, which required a significant amount of time. Nonetheless, the positive changes I made proved to be highly beneficial. I’ve also summarized three specific points that enable me to realize my intentions while also furthering my research and career, building personal connection, sharing ideas freely and being a reliable and fun operator. I’ve seen how working with co-workers, with whom I have a personal connection unlocks creativity and Drives progress.Such connections don’t form overnight, but when I take the time to strengthen them by sharing news and personal conversations, I know the time is well spent. My productivity hasn’t suffered; if anything, my research has benefited from increased activity and engagement.
1．Why did the author feel tired and stressed
A．Because he was dissatisfied with himself.
B．Because he couldn’t gain others’ recognition.
C．Because he had tense relationships with his partners.
D．Because he failed to balance his career and home life.
2．What motivated the author to change his mentality
A．His talking with his friend. B．His realizing his failure.
C．His reflecting on his behavior. D．His questioning his own ability.
3．How did the author find his transforming process
A．Boring but effective. B．Challenging but rewarding.
C．Smooth and inspiring. D．Interesting and meaningful
4．What message does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph
A．Connections can be easy to form.
B．Work habits determine productivity.
C．Independent thinking is the key to success.
D．Meaningful relationships contribute to careers.
B 2
（2025·云南大理·二模）One of my earliest memories is of my father sitting me down at our kitchen table with canvases, paints, and brushes. He taught me how to blend colors and use various materials such as acrylic (丙烯酸的) paints and watercolors. Whenever we felt inspired, we would set out all our materials and paint whatever our hearts desired.
My father grew up in a small village in the Dominican Republic. Despite the scarcity of materials, he created art with whatever was at hand. He saved his money to purchase paints and colored pencils to sketch on the walls around his home. When he was 15, he arrived in America alone and stayed with his aunt in Florida for a while before completing high school in New York with another aunt. He studied extremely hard and eventually obtained his citizenship.
As I grew older, I developed a fondness for drawing people, as I could emphasize the unique physical features that make each person special and beautiful. However, as time went on, I began to be overly critical of my own work. I worried that I could never match my father’s talent. My simple, two-dimensional drawings seemed lackluster compared to his realistic landscapes. I found faults in all my creations, so I became increasingly insecure. Art, which was once my favorite thing, made me feel I wasn’t good at it. Instead of striving to improve, I gave up and stopped drawing.
He noticed it and told me, “Mia, you should audition for the school. I wish I’d had an opportunity to study art like this when I was a child”. Moved by his story and determination, I worked on my portfolio and was fortunate to get in.
Attending the art college was an eye-opening experience. I expanded my artistic range beyond painting. I learned to embrace my individuality and talent, and became more open to sharing my artworks and accepting constructive criticism, thereby boosting my self-esteem regarding my art.
5．What’s the purpose of the author’s introducing her father’s experience in Paragraph 2
A．To prove that art is the only way to combat poverty.
B．To illustrate the roots of her father’s influence on her.
C．To criticize the lack of educational chances in rural areas.
D．To contrast her life with the difficulties her father endured.
6．Why did the author stop drawing for a while
A．Because the author thought she couldn’t be as good as her father.
B．Because the author didn’t like art anymore.
C．Because the author didn’t have enough art supplies.
D．Because the author was too busy with schoolwork.
7．What kind of person is the author’s father
A．Brave and carefree. B．Persistent and supportive.
C．Ambitious but dependent. D．Creative but stubborn.
8．What’s the author’s opinion expressed in the passage
A．Art is about following established rules. B．Talent guarantees admission to art programs.
C．Confidence comes from accepting imperfection. D．Progress can be achieved through trial and error.
B 3
（24-25高三上·河南信阳·阶段练习）Five years ago, Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson made an unexpected and meaningful discovery in the archives (档案馆) of New York: a wealth of African images that had been largely forgotten. This accidental finding sparked a fire in Ninson, inspiring him to create the Dikan Center in Accra, Ghana — a center devoted to preserving and displaying Africa’s rich visual history. Recently, the center, which translates to“take the lead” in the Akan language, celebrated its second anniversary, marking a significant milestone in Ninson’s mission.
Despite the fact that photography is not widely recognized as an art form in Ghana, Ninson’s passion for it was lit up by the stories told by his family and the fascinating photographs taken by a friend. With determination, he sold his iPhone and watch to buy his first camera and undertook a self-taught journey to master the craft. He later received formal education at the International Center of Photography in New York,where he was impressed by the large collection of African visual history.
With the support of like-minded individuals, Ninson collected over 30,000 volumes for the DikanCenter, which opened its doors in December 2022. The center is home to two collections: one focusing onAfrican and African American stories, and the other displaying the work of global photographers. More than just a library, the Dikan Center offers workshops, friendships, and seminars, attracting many industry professionals.
In addition to its educational programs, the center hosts a variety of exhibitions and film viewing,providing a platform for Africa’ s diverse narratives. For Ghanaians, the Dikan Center offers a fresh and enriching perspective on their history, sparking a sense of hope and inspiring a new generation of storytellers. The center stands as a powerful symbol of the importance of storytelling and history preservation, showing Africa’ s rich cultural heritage and serving as a source of inspiration for the continent and the world at large.
9．What inspired Paul Ninson to establish the Dikan Center in Accra, Ghana
A．His formal education at the International Center of Photography.
B．The lack of recognition for photography as an art form in Ghana.
C．Plenty of forgotten African visual historical images in New York archives.
D．His passion for photography lit up by family stories and a friend’s photographs.
10．How did Paul Ninson get the money for his first camera
A．He borrowed money from friends and family.
B．He received a reward from a photography organization.
C．He sold some of his personal belongings like his iPhone.
D．He used savings from his previous job as a photojournalist.
11．What does the Dikan Center do besides serving as a library
A．Selling African art. B．Exhibiting non-African works.
C．Offering workshops and seminars. D．Promoting Ghanaian photographers only.
12．What is the Dikan Center’ s goal through its educational programs and exhibitions
A．To internationalize Ghanaian photographers.
B．To conserve and exhibit Africa’ s rich visual history.
C．To train professional photographers for global markets.
D．To inspire competition among Ghanaians through storytelling.
B 4
（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）One man’s trash is another man’s treasure. It is absolutely the case in Turkey where garbage collectors started collecting books that have been thrown away and ended up opening a library.
It started when garbage man Durson Ipek found a bag of abandoned books when he was working and then it snowballed from there. Ipek and other garbage men started gathering the books they found on the streets that were ready for landfills (垃圾填埋地) and as their collection started to grow, so did word of mouth. Soon, local residents started donating books directly. The library was initially available only to the garbage employees and their families to use but as the collection grew, so did public interest and the library was opened to the public in 2017．
“On the one hand, there were those who were leaving these books on the streets. On the other hand, others were looking for these books,” Ankaya mayor Alper Tasdelen told CNN. “We started to discuss the idea of creating a library from these books. When everyone supported it, this project happened.”
All the books that are found are sorted and checked for condition. If they pass, they go on the shelves. Today, the library has over 6,000 books that range from fiction to nonfiction and there’s a very popular children’s section that even has a collection of comic books. An entire section is devoted to scientific research and there are also books available in English and French. The collection has grown so large that the library loans books to schools and educational programs.
“Village school teachers from all over Turkey are requesting books,” Tasdelen told CNN. The government has to hire a full-time employee to administrate the library.
This library is incredibly popular. It is frequently filled with the children of the city’s workers and students from nearby schools. There is a waiting room set up for readers and chess boards for the people who visit the library. You can even enjoy a cup of tea in the waiting room.
13．What can we infer from paragraph 2
A．Every citizen was accessible to the library at the beginning.
B．The collection of abandoned books drew few people’s attention.
C．The abandoned books would have gone to waste without the garbage men.
D．Local residents made little contribution to the collection of abandoned books.
14．What do we know about the library of abandoned books
A．It features books of scientific research.
B．It has an entire section of books in English and French.
C．Schools and educational programs have access to the books.
D．Books need to be sorted and checked for condition before being donated.
15．Why does the government have to hire a full-time employee
A．To make sure that the books in the library won’t be stolen.
B．To advertise the library to more Turkish villages.
C．To meet the demands from educational programs.
D．To help arrange donated books in the correct order.
16．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Popularity of the library of abandoned books in Turkey.
B．Reasons why the library of abandoned books was founded.
C．Benefits of the library of abandoned books to Turkish citizens.
D．People’s high demand for books on the library of abandoned books.
B 5
（2025·贵州毕节·一模）Turning used cooking oil into pleasant smelling soap might sound like magic. But that’s what Janetti Francischi has been doing since 2020. Dispensing the soap in her community, Francischi has not only made residents in her neighbourhood use the valuable products but also contributed to the environment by repurposing a common waste item.
Inspired by her mother, who was a druggist, Francischi pursued a bachelor’s degree in biomedical sciences and a master’s degree in pharmacology (药理学) at the University of Sao Paulo. She also earned a PhD there. After 32 years as a professor at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, where she taught more than 5,000 students, Francischi retired in 2017.
Seeing the mess of used oil in the kitchen and heavy waste from community oil pollution, Francischi felt an urge to help her community to change the situation. Based on what she had learnt, Francischi started producing bars of soap from used cooking oil.
Francischi tried the soap-making process at her home. The first step was to extract the oil with a cloth to remove any residues (残渣). After that, she heated water to near boiling point and added sodium hydroxide (氢氧化钠), mixing it very well until they dissolved. Then, she added the cooking oil. This is the most challenging part because the mixture must be stirred with a stick for 40 minutes. To increase foaming and fragrance, she also added some washing powder. Then she poured it into a plastic container, and cut it hours later.
Francischi collected cooking oil first from her family, friends and neighbors and later from small businesses, such as street food sellers. She distributed the soap in the community. People came, brought their bottles of oil and returned later for their soap. She also partnered with the non-governmental organization Seu Vizinho in a poor neighborhood where even basic items can be considered a luxury. She designed four workshop sessions last summer to teach more people, where the participants were provided with all the materials. Francischi did this work as a volunteer. She hopes to continue with this project for the rest of her life.
17．What does the word “dispensing” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Giving out. B．Taking in. C．Putting away. D．Using up.
18．What inspired Francischi to make soap at home
A．Her mother’s influence. B．Her academic background.
C．Her wish for new career. D．Her concern for pollution.
19．What is the last but one paragraph mainly about
A．The inspiration of recycling. B．The process of making soaps.
C．The way of collecting oil. D．The plan of helping people.
20．What may Francischi do in the future
A．Do her design work. B．Develop new products.
C．Share ways to make soap. D．Teach back to university.
