1. 【2025年高考英语二轮复习】第一部分命题方向+解题技能+基础提升+难点突破 第一章语法填空 第一节 语法填空 命题方向预测(测试版+解析版)

文档属性

名称 1. 【2025年高考英语二轮复习】第一部分命题方向+解题技能+基础提升+难点突破 第一章语法填空 第一节 语法填空 命题方向预测(测试版+解析版)
格式 zip
文件大小 113.8KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2025-02-01 14:08:43

文档简介

2025年高考英语二轮复习
命题方向+解题技能+基础提升+难点突破
语法填空
语法填空命题方向预测
学习测试版
【近三高考真题语法填空考点细目表】
谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 连词
2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 1 1 1
全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 2
2023 新课标I卷 203 4 2 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1
全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 2 1 1
全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 1 1 1
2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 1 1 1
全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 1 1 1
全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
【图表说明】
分析近几年新高考语法填空题可知,语法填空命题侧重三个方面:中国传统文化、世界科技进步、自然环境。注重通过语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴,引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,拓展国际视野,在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解,推动世界文明共同发展。一是考查中国传统文化,二是考查生活故事,三是考查科学技术进步。
从2024年新高考卷语法填空看,长难句进一步增加,强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的综合考查。语法填空题命题突出语境,命题包含“词、句、篇”三个层面,彰显“无语境不命题”。
整体分布:考查以实词为主,虚词为辅;有词填空占6-7空,无词填空占3-4空;谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点,并列句和复合句也是高考热点;介词考查相对比较频繁。
有提示词:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态,语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别等;
【新趋势分析】
1.语法填空答题难度偏大,考点趋于多样化
2024新课标语法填空难点在于文章话题陌生,句子偏长,词性转换要求高。整个语篇涉及词形转换多达四处,56题engineering,57题functional,59题closed,62题favourites,65题richness。学生平时需要多加强构词法训练,达到举一反三熟能生巧目的。
2.选材关注跨文化交际意识和文化融合意识
最近五年高考语法填空选材有四大方向,一是中国传统文化元素,如小笼包、筷子、北京胡同,二是旅游环保类,如大熊猫国家公园、西安城墙、减少塑料垃圾,三是科学技术类,嫦娥四号探月、北极熊现状,四是生活故事类,如商家促销、修车工勇救小孩、动物园教英语等。平时选材应有意识往这些方向靠拢。
【复习建议】
1.选材要融入中国元素,体现高考命题方向
在更丰富的语境中理解和运用语法知识,形成以语言运用为导向的“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观。
2.多做语法训练,题不在多,而在于精,质量兼顾
语法训练讲究举一反三,透彻理解一道题,比反复刷题有用。扎实语法知识的基础,进一步关注词法知识和句法知识;动词的时态还是复习的重点,尤其是时态,看似简单,做题时一定要认真试题,分析句子的结构,找准时间状语一遍精准确定时态。
3.明确高考语法填空两个重要理念,不断强化做题技能
一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态;非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个;名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数;形容词考查变副词或比较等级等;介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词;想考查名词给动词或形容词;想考查形容词给名词或动词;想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
【高分技巧】
一 通读全文把握大意.
通读全文有利于读懂全文大意,也有利于填空时必要的逻辑推理,解决相关的难题如动词的时态语态题。
二 精读文章,关注设空词的词性及对应的解题规律。
动词 做谓语:1.确定时态; 2. 确定语态;3. 确定主谓一致(具体详见本专辑专题第14、15、16、17、18讲)。 不作谓语:1. 作非谓语 a.分析在句中充当哪一种句子成分;b. 分析与谓语之间的先后关系; c. 分析与所修饰之间的主被动关系;(具体详见本专辑专题第11、12、13讲) 2. 考虑词性转换(分析在句中充当哪种句子成分)
名词 1.考虑名词单数变复数;2.考虑名词变为所有格;3.考虑名词变为形容词;(具体详见本专辑专题第01讲)
形容词 1.考虑形容词变为副词;2.考虑加前缀变为反义词;3.考虑加前缀变为动词;4.考虑形容词或副词的级别变化。 (具体详见本专辑专题第08、09讲)
代词 有提示词:①宾格形式:在句中作宾语或表语。②形容词性物主代词:在名词前作定语。③名词性物主代词:作主语、宾语或表语。④反身代词。(具体详见本专辑专题第03讲)
三 复读选项代入检验
通读全文,将所有答案代入短文中进行检查,注意上下文之间的逻辑关系,避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。
【习题精做】
高考真题真干——2022-2024全国I卷
(2024新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
engineer
音标:英 / end n (r)/;美 / end n r/
词性:动词,此处为 engineered(过去分词作定语),意为 “精心设计的;用工程技术建造的”,原形 “engineer” 常见意思为 “设计;建造;策划”
例句:The bridge was carefully engineered to withstand strong winds.(这座桥经过精心设计,能抵御强风。)
functional
音标:英 / f k nl/;美 / f k nl/
词性:形容词,意为 “实用的;功能的;起作用的”
例句:The new software has many useful and functional features.(这款新软件有许多实用且功能性强的特点。)
sepal
音标:英 / sepl/;美 / sepl/
词性:名词,意为 “萼片”
例句:The sepals of the flower are green and protect the petals.(这朵花的萼片是绿色的,保护着花瓣。)
aluminium
音标:英 / lj m ni m/;美 / lj m ni m/
词性:名词,意为 “铝”
例句:Aluminium is a lightweight and widely - used metal.(铝是一种轻质且广泛使用的金属。)
winding
音标:英 / wa nd /;美 / wa nd /
词性:形容词,意为 “蜿蜒的;曲折的”
例句:The winding road led us through the beautiful countryside.(这条蜿蜒的道路引领我们穿过美丽的乡村。)
contemporary
音标:英 /k n tempr ri/;美 /k n temp reri/
词性:形容词,意为 “当代的;现代的;同时代的”
例句:Contemporary art often challenges traditional ideas.(当代艺术常常挑战传统观念。)
habitat
音标:英 / h b t t/;美 / h b t t/
词性:名词,意为 “(动植物的)栖息地;生活环境”
例句:The destruction of the forest has threatened the habitat of many animals.(森林的破坏威胁到了许多动物的栖息地。)
richness
音标:英 / r t n s/;美 / r t n s/
词性:名词,意为 “丰富;富饶;浓烈”
例句:The richness of the local culture is reflected in its festivals.(当地文化的丰富性体现在其节日中。)
favourite
音标:英 / fe v r t/;美 / fe v r t/
词性:名词,意为 “特别喜爱的人(或事物)”,此处用复数形式 “favourites”
例句:These books are my favourites.(这些书是我特别喜爱的。)
【真题精做】
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
(2023年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
delicate
音标:/ del k t/词性:adj.
词义:精致的;易碎的;微妙的
例句:The delicate dumpling wrappers of xiao long bao are a marvel of culinary art.(小笼包精致的饺子皮是烹饪艺术的奇迹。)
encase
音标:/ n ke s/
词性:v.
词义:把…… 装箱;包围;围绕
例句:The hard shell encases the soft nut inside.(坚硬的外壳包裹着里面柔软的坚果。)
tasty
音标:/ te sti/
词性:adj.
词义:美味的;可口的
例句:The soup in the dumplings is really tasty.(饺子里的汤真的很美味。)
recognize
音标:/ rek ɡna z/
词性:v.
词义:认出;识别;承认
例句:I recognized her from the photo immediately.(我立刻从照片中认出了她。)
greedy
音标:/ ɡri di/
词性:adj.
词义:贪婪的;贪吃的
例句:He is so greedy that he ate all the cookies.(他太贪吃了,把所有饼干都吃了。)
rarely
音标:/ re li/
词性:adv.
词义:很少;难得
例句:He rarely goes to the cinema these days.(这些天他很少去看电影。)
【真题精做】
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
(2022年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
previously
音标:/ pri vi sli/
词性:副词
词义:先前;在此之前
例句:I had previously met him at a party.(我之前在一个派对上见过他。)
authority
音标:/ θ r ti/
词性:名词
词义:权威;权力;当局;官方等
例句:The local authority is responsible for the environment.(地方当局负责环境事务。)
design
音标:/d za n/
词性:动词
词义:设计;计划;构思等
例句:This building was designed by a famous architect.(这座建筑是由一位著名的建筑师设计的。)
principle
音标:/ pr ns pl/
词性:名词
词义:原则;原理;准则等
例句:We should follow the principle of honesty.(我们应该遵循诚实的原则。)
diversity
音标:/da v s ti/
词性:名词
词义:多样性;差异;多样化等
例句:The rainforest has a great diversity of plants and animals.(雨林有大量的动植物多样性。)
ecological
音标:/ i k l d kl/
词性:形容词
词义:生态的;生态学的
例句:We need to protect the ecological environment.(我们需要保护生态环境。)
precious
音标:/ pre s/
词性:形容词
词义:宝贵的;珍贵的;贵重的等
例句:Time is precious, we should not waste it.(时间是宝贵的,我们不应该浪费它。)
asset
音标:/ set/
词性:名词
词义:资产;财产;宝贵的东西等
例句:Knowledge is our most precious asset.(知识是我们最宝贵的资产。)
population
音标:/ p pju le n/
词性:名词
词义:人口;种群;群体等
例句:The population of this city is increasing.(这个城市的人口在增加。)
umbrella species
音标:/ m brel spi i z/
词性:名词短语
词义:伞护种(指对某一地区生态系统具有关键作用,其保护能惠及众多其他物种的物种)
例句:Tigers are often considered an umbrella species.(老虎通常被认为是伞护种。)
range
音标:/re nd /
词性:名词
词义:范围;山脉;一系列等
例句:The temperature range in this area is wide.(这个地区的温度范围很广。)
ecosystem
音标:/ i k s st m/
词性:名词
词义:生态系统
例句:The destruction of the forest has a bad effect on the ecosystem.(森林的破坏对生态系统有不良影响。)
【真题精做】
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
模拟真题真干
(2024·广东广州·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
impromptu
音标:/ m pr mptju /
词性:形容词
词义:即兴的;临时的
例句:The singer gave an impromptu performance at the party.(这位歌手在派对上进行了一场即兴表演。)
release
音标:/r li s/
词性:动词
词义:发行;释放;发布
例句:The new movie will be released next week.(这部新电影将于下周发行。)
universal
音标:/ ju n v sl/
词性:形容词
词义:普遍的;通用的;宇宙的
例句:Love is a universal emotion.(爱是一种普遍的情感。)
splendid
音标:/ splend d/
词性:形容词
词义:辉煌的;灿烂的;极好的
例句:We had a splendid time at the beach.(我们在海滩度过了一段美好的时光。)
landscape
音标:/ l ndske p/
词性:名词
词义:风景;景色;风景画
例句:The landscape of the mountains is breathtaking.(山区的景色令人叹为观止。)
emphasize
音标:/ emf sa z/
词性:动词
词义:强调;着重
例句:The teacher emphasized the importance of grammar.(老师强调了语法的重要性。)
humble
音标:/ h mbl/
词性:形容词
词义:谦逊的;简陋的;地位低下的
例句:He is a humble person despite his success.(尽管他很成功,但他是个谦逊的人。)
diverse
音标:/da v s/
词性:形容词
词义:不同的;多种多样的
例句:The city has a diverse population.(这座城市人口多样化。)
pen
音标:/pen/
词性:动词
词义:写;创作
例句:He penned a beautiful poem for his girlfriend.(他为他的女朋友写了一首优美的诗。)
【真题精做】
For centuries, Chinese poets have caught the amazing beauty of the Fuchun River in Hangzhou through simple but poetic words. This July, poets from the BRICS countries (金砖国家) followed the same path and engaged in 1 impromptu (即兴的) poetry event inspired by the river. Their creations were collected in Messengers from the Vernal Wood, which 2 (release) in Germany on October 18, 2024.
3 (edit) Li Shaojun said poetry is a universal language expressing shared human emotions. “The BRICS countries all have a splendid history, and through this common language, we can greatly improve communication and exchange, 4 (connect) more BRICS poets,” he said.
Talking about his journey to the poetry festival, Brazilian poet Thiago Moraes said he was still excited to visit a country 5 (total) different from his own. To his surprise, Moraes found some similarities with the Chinese poet friends in their love for nature and a 6 (fond) for expressing their inner worlds 7 landscape. He emphasized that poetry keeps people humble, open and diverse. “We poets should gather our efforts to make a 8 (good) world,” he added.
Ethiopian poet Seife Temam, impressed by Tang poet Li Bai, 9 (pen) a romantic line: I am a child of the Nile, 10 I am drawn to the Fuchun River.
(2025·江苏泰州·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
institution
音标:/ nst tju n/
词性:名词
词义:机构;制度;习俗
例句:The school is a well - known educational institution.(这所学校是一所著名的教育机构。)
profound
音标:/pr fa nd/
词性:形容词
词义:深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的
例句:The teacher's words had a profound influence on the students.(老师的话对学生们产生了深远的影响。)
landscape
音标:/ l ndske p/
词性:名词
词义:风景;景色;风景画
例句:The landscape of the countryside is very beautiful.(乡村的景色非常美丽。)
sprawl
音标:/spr l/
词性:动词
词义:蔓延;伸展;杂乱无序地拓展
例句:The city has sprawled out in all directions.(这座城市向四面八方扩展。)
towering
音标:/ ta r /
词性:形容词
词义:高耸的;杰出的
例句:The towering mountains looked magnificent.(高耸的山脉看起来很壮观。)
spotless
音标:/ sp tl s/
词性:形容词
词义:一尘不染的;干净的
例句:The kitchen was spotless after she cleaned it.(她打扫完后,厨房一尘不染。)
scientific
音标:/ sa n t f k/
词性:形容词
词义:科学的;系统的
例句:We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem.(我们需要用科学的方法来解决这个问题。)
diverse
音标:/da v s/
词性:形容词
词义:不同的;多种多样的
例句:The company has a diverse range of products.(这家公司有各种各样的产品。)
athletic
音标:/ θ let k/
词性:形容词
词义:运动的;运动员的;体格健壮的
例句:He is an athletic boy who loves sports.(他是个热爱运动、体格健壮的男孩。)
nurture
音标:/ n t (r)/
词性:动词
词义:养育;培育;培养
例句:Parents should nurture their children's interests.(父母应该培养孩子的兴趣。)
【真题精做】
Jiangsu Taizhou High School, 11 unique and outstanding educational institution worthy of note, 12 (leave) a profound mark on the educational landscape of the region in recent years.
The campus of the school is truly a splendid place. It sprawls over a large area 13 (dot) with green lawns and towering trees. Throughout the year, a rich variety of flowers burst into bloom, adding a touch of vivid color. The teaching buildings are spacious and well-equipped. Classrooms are bright and spotless, 14 (provide) a comfortable environment for students to study. Apart from these, the school has advanced laboratories, which enable us to conduct interesting 15 (science) experiments.
Teachers are the very core of the school, who are highly professional and passionate about teaching. By employing diverse teaching method, they make complex knowledge easy 16 (understand). Their attention is not only fixed on students’ academic achievements 17 on their personal development.
There are 18 (number) activities for students in this school. For instance, the annual sports meeting is filled with thrills, 19 students can show their athletic abilities. Cultural festivals also offer a platform for them to display their talents in art, music, and so on. It comes 20 no surprise that these activities can enrich their school life and help them develop teamwork. Altogether, Taizhou High School is a place that nurtures students’ dreams and help them move forward.
(2025·辽宁·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
【单词清障】
detailed
音标:/ di te ld/
词性:形容词
词义:详细的;细致的
例句:He gave a detailed description of the accident.(他对事故进行了详细的描述。)
principle
音标:/ pr ns pl/
词性:名词
词义:原则;原理;准则
例句:We should stick to the principles of honesty and fairness.(我们应该坚持诚实和公平的原则。)
notable
音标:/ n t bl/
词性:形容词
词义:值得注意的;显著的;著名的
例句:There have been notable changes in the city in recent years.(近年来这座城市发生了显著的变化。)
architecture
音标:/ ɑ k tekt (r)/
词性:名词
词义:建筑学;建筑风格;建筑设计
例句:The architecture of the ancient buildings is really fascinating.(这些古建筑的建筑风格真的很迷人。)
pavilion
音标:/p v li n/
词性:名词
词义:亭;阁;展馆
例句:There is a beautiful pavilion in the park.(公园里有一座漂亮的亭子。)
construct
音标:/ k nstr kt/(名词);/k n str kt/(动词)
词性:动词(文中为过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
词义:建造;修筑;创建
例句:They are going to construct a new bridge over the river.(他们打算在河上建造一座新桥。)
element
音标:/ el m nt/
词性:名词
词义:要素;基本部分;元素
例句:Honesty is an important element in a friendship.(诚实是友谊中的一个重要要素。)
represent
音标:/ repr zent/
词性:动词
词义:代表;象征;描绘
例句:The dove represents peace.(鸽子象征着和平。)
harmony
音标:/ hɑ m ni/
词性:名词
词义:和谐;协调;融洽
例句:We should live in harmony with nature.(我们应该与自然和谐相处。)
reservation
音标:/ rez ve n/
词性:名词
词义:保留;预订;保护区
例句:We made a reservation at the hotel in advance.(我们提前在酒店预订了房间。)
aesthetics
音标:/i s θet ks/
词性:名词
词义:美学;审美学;审美观念
例句:The study of aesthetics helps us understand art better.(美学研究有助于我们更好地理解艺术。)
【真题精做】
For a long time, Chinese culture has greatly affected the styles of buildings in many countries across the world. The detailed designs of traditional Chinese temples and the use of Chinese principles 21 (leave) their marks on buildings in different parts of the world since centuries ago.
A notable example of foreign architecture influenced by Chinese culture is the Chinese Pavilion in Drottningholm Palace, Sweden. 22 (construct) in the I8th century, the pavilion was designed in the Chinese Rococo style, 23 combined European Rococo elements with traditional Chinese architectural features like tower 24 (roof) and dragon themes. This combination of styles exhibits how Chinese design principles were included into Western architecture during the Baroque period.
In Australia, the Chinese Garden of Friendship in Sydney is another example of 25 Chinese culture has impacted foreign architecture. Created by Chinese landscape architects, this peaceful garden represents the principles of harmony, balance, and quietness found 'in classical Chinese gardens. 26 (it) traditional architecture, including wooden towers, curved bridges and complicated frame work, provides 27 peaceful reservation in the middle of the lively city.
In general, the influence of Chinese culture on foreign architecture shows the widespread appeal of Chinese design aesthetics and architectural traditions. By 28 (combine) traditional Chinese elements with local styles, architects worldwide continue to produce unique and 29 (cultural) diverse buildings that honor the beauty and 30 (vary) of Chinese architectural heritage.
(2023·四川眉山·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
contractor
音标:/ k ntr kt (r)/
词性:名词
词义:承包商;订约人
例句:The contractor is responsible for building the new bridge.(这位承包商负责建造新桥。)
manned
音标:/ m nd/
词性:形容词
词义:载人的;有人操纵的
例句:China has achieved great success in manned spaceflight.(中国在载人航天方面取得了巨大成功。)
normalized
音标:/ n m la zd/
词性:形容词
词义:正常化的;标准化的
例句:The relationship between the two countries has been normalized.(两国关系已经正常化。)
maiden
音标:/ me dn/
词性:形容词
词义:首次的;初次的
例句:The maiden voyage of the new ship was a great success.(新船的首次航行非常成功。)
aerospace
音标:/ e r spe s/
词性:名词
词义:航空航天;航空航天工业
例句:The aerospace industry is developing rapidly.(航空航天工业发展迅速。)
export
音标:/ eksp t/(名词);/ k sp t/(动词)
词性:名词(文中此用法)
词义:出口;出口产品
例句:The country's exports have increased significantly this year.(该国今年的出口量大幅增加。)
probe
音标:/ pr b/
词性:名词
词义:探测器;探针
例句:The probe sent back valuable data from space.(探测器从太空发回了有价值的数据。)
asteroid
音标:/ st r d/
词性:名词
词义:小行星
例句:Scientists are studying the movement of asteroids.(科学家们正在研究小行星的运动。)
【真题精做】
China plans to carry out over 60 launch missions this year, according to the country’s major space contractors.
The manned space station project will enter the stage of 31 (apply) and development, and China’s space station will realize normalized operation in 2023, said Zhang Zhongyang, General Manager of the CASC, 32 presented the report at the company’s annual research and production work conference in Beijing.
The 33 (plan) spaceflights include manned and robotic missions to the 34 (new) built China Space Station (CSS) and the maiden flight of the Long March-6C carrier rocket, according to the report.
The country will also launch the Long March-6D carrier rocket in 2023 35 complete the performance of commercial aerospace and satellite export 36 (contract), Zhang added.
China will fully promote the 37 (four) phase (阶段) of its lunar exploration program and the planetary detection project in 2023, 38 (carry) out research of the Chang’e-7 and Tianwen-2 probes, Zhang said.
Most of the launches will be made by the company’s Long March carrier rocket family, and the rest 39 (conduct) by the Smart Dragon series, said Zhang, adding that the company will continue 40 the research and development of the Tianwen-2 asteroid probe and the Chang’e-7 lunar probe.2025年高考英语二轮复习
命题方向+解题技能+基础提升+难点突破
语法填空
语法填空命题方向预测
答案解析版
【近三高考真题语法填空考点细目表】
谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 连词
2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 1 1 1
全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 2
2023 新课标I卷 203 4 2 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1
全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 2 1 1
全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 1 1 1
2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 1 1 1
全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 1 1 1
全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
【图表说明】
分析近几年新高考语法填空题可知,语法填空命题侧重三个方面:中国传统文化、世界科技进步、自然环境。注重通过语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴,引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,拓展国际视野,在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解,推动世界文明共同发展。一是考查中国传统文化,二是考查生活故事,三是考查科学技术进步。
从2024年新高考卷语法填空看,长难句进一步增加,强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的综合考查。语法填空题命题突出语境,命题包含“词、句、篇”三个层面,彰显“无语境不命题”。
整体分布:考查以实词为主,虚词为辅;有词填空占6-7空,无词填空占3-4空;谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点,并列句和复合句也是高考热点;介词考查相对比较频繁。
有提示词:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态,语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别等;
【新趋势分析】
1.语法填空答题难度偏大,考点趋于多样化
2024新课标语法填空难点在于文章话题陌生,句子偏长,词性转换要求高。整个语篇涉及词形转换多达四处,56题engineering,57题functional,59题closed,62题favourites,65题richness。学生平时需要多加强构词法训练,达到举一反三熟能生巧目的。
2.选材关注跨文化交际意识和文化融合意识
最近五年高考语法填空选材有四大方向,一是中国传统文化元素,如小笼包、筷子、北京胡同,二是旅游环保类,如大熊猫国家公园、西安城墙、减少塑料垃圾,三是科学技术类,嫦娥四号探月、北极熊现状,四是生活故事类,如商家促销、修车工勇救小孩、动物园教英语等。平时选材应有意识往这些方向靠拢。
【复习建议】
1.选材要融入中国元素,体现高考命题方向
在更丰富的语境中理解和运用语法知识,形成以语言运用为导向的“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观。
2.多做语法训练,题不在多,而在于精,质量兼顾
语法训练讲究举一反三,透彻理解一道题,比反复刷题有用。扎实语法知识的基础,进一步关注词法知识和句法知识;动词的时态还是复习的重点,尤其是时态,看似简单,做题时一定要认真试题,分析句子的结构,找准时间状语一遍精准确定时态。
3.明确高考语法填空两个重要理念,不断强化做题技能
一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态;非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个;名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数;形容词考查变副词或比较等级等;介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词;想考查名词给动词或形容词;想考查形容词给名词或动词;想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
【高分技巧】
一 通读全文把握大意.
通读全文有利于读懂全文大意,也有利于填空时必要的逻辑推理,解决相关的难题如动词的时态语态题。
二 精读文章,关注设空词的词性及对应的解题规律。
动词 做谓语:1.确定时态; 2. 确定语态;3. 确定主谓一致(具体详见本专辑专题第14、15、16、17、18讲)。 不作谓语:1. 作非谓语 a.分析在句中充当哪一种句子成分;b. 分析与谓语之间的先后关系; c. 分析与所修饰之间的主被动关系;(具体详见本专辑专题第11、12、13讲) 2. 考虑词性转换(分析在句中充当哪种句子成分)
名词 1.考虑名词单数变复数;2.考虑名词变为所有格;3.考虑名词变为形容词;(具体详见本专辑专题第01讲)
形容词 1.考虑形容词变为副词;2.考虑加前缀变为反义词;3.考虑加前缀变为动词;4.考虑形容词或副词的级别变化。 (具体详见本专辑专题第08、09讲)
代词 有提示词:①宾格形式:在句中作宾语或表语。②形容词性物主代词:在名词前作定语。③名词性物主代词:作主语、宾语或表语。④反身代词。(具体详见本专辑专题第03讲)
三 复读选项代入检验
通读全文,将所有答案代入短文中进行检查,注意上下文之间的逻辑关系,避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。
【习题精做】
高考真题真干——2022-2024全国I卷
(2024新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
engineer
音标:英 / end n (r)/;美 / end n r/
词性:动词,此处为 engineered(过去分词作定语),意为 “精心设计的;用工程技术建造的”,原形 “engineer” 常见意思为 “设计;建造;策划”
例句:The bridge was carefully engineered to withstand strong winds.(这座桥经过精心设计,能抵御强风。)
functional
音标:英 / f k nl/;美 / f k nl/
词性:形容词,意为 “实用的;功能的;起作用的”
例句:The new software has many useful and functional features.(这款新软件有许多实用且功能性强的特点。)
sepal
音标:英 / sepl/;美 / sepl/
词性:名词,意为 “萼片”
例句:The sepals of the flower are green and protect the petals.(这朵花的萼片是绿色的,保护着花瓣。)
aluminium
音标:英 / lj m ni m/;美 / lj m ni m/
词性:名词,意为 “铝”
例句:Aluminium is a lightweight and widely - used metal.(铝是一种轻质且广泛使用的金属。)
winding
音标:英 / wa nd /;美 / wa nd /
词性:形容词,意为 “蜿蜒的;曲折的”
例句:The winding road led us through the beautiful countryside.(这条蜿蜒的道路引领我们穿过美丽的乡村。)
contemporary
音标:英 /k n tempr ri/;美 /k n temp reri/
词性:形容词,意为 “当代的;现代的;同时代的”
例句:Contemporary art often challenges traditional ideas.(当代艺术常常挑战传统观念。)
habitat
音标:英 / h b t t/;美 / h b t t/
词性:名词,意为 “(动植物的)栖息地;生活环境”
例句:The destruction of the forest has threatened the habitat of many animals.(森林的破坏威胁到了许多动物的栖息地。)
richness
音标:英 / r t n s/;美 / r t n s/
词性:名词,意为 “丰富;富饶;浓烈”
例句:The richness of the local culture is reflected in its festivals.(当地文化的丰富性体现在其节日中。)
favourite
音标:英 / fe v r t/;美 / fe v r t/
词性:名词,意为 “特别喜爱的人(或事物)”,此处用复数形式 “favourites”
例句:These books are my favourites.(这些书是我特别喜爱的。)
【真题精做】
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
【译文】
希瑟威克工作室最近在国民信托基金的伍尔贝丁花园的边缘建造了一个温室。这个美丽的建筑,名为温室,是一个新花园的中心,展示了丝绸之路如何在现代影响英国的花园。
最新的工程技术被应用于创造这种同样美丽的保护性功能结构。该设计有十个钢“萼片”由玻璃和铝制成。这些萼片在温暖的日子里开放,给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。在寒冷的天气里,该结构会保持关闭,以保护植物。
此外,温室周围的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过受古代丝绸之路的影响,丝绸和许多植物物种第一次来到英国。这些植物包括现代西方人的最爱,如迷迭香,薰衣草和茴香。花园里还有一条蜿蜒的小路,引导游客穿过丝绸之路的12个地区。这条路还为游客提供了300多种植物。
温室在当代作为一个伟大的成就设计,房子中国西南部的植物的路径追溯沿着丝绸之路的植物从他们的本地栖息地在亚洲来定义的丰富的园艺在英格兰。
【说明】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。选自 INHABITAT 2022 年 7 月 26 日一篇名为 Amazi ng greenhouse set near garden influenced by Silk Road 的文章。网址:https:///amazing-greenhouse-set-near-garden-influenced-by-sil k-road/
考察点见下表:
有提示词 无提示词
谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 词性转换 冠词 介词 定语从句
1 1 1 4 1 1 1
【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks
61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which/that 65. richness
【解析】
56题:考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。
57题:考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。
58题:考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth. 为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。
59题:考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。
60题:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
61题:考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。
62题:考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。
63题:考查介词。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
64题:考查定语从句。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
65题:考查名词。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列,应用名词形式richness,作介词of的宾语。故填richness。
(2023年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
delicate
音标:/ del k t/词性:adj.
词义:精致的;易碎的;微妙的
例句:The delicate dumpling wrappers of xiao long bao are a marvel of culinary art.(小笼包精致的饺子皮是烹饪艺术的奇迹。)
encase
音标:/ n ke s/
词性:v.
词义:把…… 装箱;包围;围绕
例句:The hard shell encases the soft nut inside.(坚硬的外壳包裹着里面柔软的坚果。)
tasty
音标:/ te sti/
词性:adj.
词义:美味的;可口的
例句:The soup in the dumplings is really tasty.(饺子里的汤真的很美味。)
recognize
音标:/ rek ɡna z/
词性:v.
词义:认出;识别;承认
例句:I recognized her from the photo immediately.(我立刻从照片中认出了她。)
greedy
音标:/ ɡri di/
词性:adj.
词义:贪婪的;贪吃的
例句:He is so greedy that he ate all the cookies.(他太贪吃了,把所有饼干都吃了。)
rarely
音标:/ re li/
词性:adv.
词义:很少;难得
例句:He rarely goes to the cinema these days.(这些天他很少去看电影。)
【真题精做】
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【译文】
小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的味道,汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。饺子热气腾腾,热得很危险。吃小笼包的时候,要么先咬一小口,放出热气,汤汁也会随之溢出,把整个小笼包放进嘴里,感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。
上海也许是被认为小笼包的故乡,但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出,邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。在那里,你会发现它们的准备方式不同——多包子馅,少汤,小笼包的皮是用手压出来的,而不是(用擀面杖)擀出来的。
包括南翔,最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出时不会撕裂或洒出任何他们馅料儿。肉应该是新鲜的,有 点甜,汤应该是热的,清爽又美味。
无论我在哪里买,一笼都稍有够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是吃完之后还想要下次再多吃一点。
【说明】
本文是一篇说明文。人与社会。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地,以及制作方法等。
【答案与解析】
56. tasty 考查词性转换。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,该处与hot并列,修饰后面的名词soup,应用taste的形容词形式tasty,意为“美味的”。故填tasty。
57. to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,要么先咬一小口,放出热气,汤汁也会随之溢出,要么把整个小笼包放进嘴里,感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。该处构成“whether to do”结构,表示“要么……”,且与后面to put并列。故填to bite。
58. or 考查连词。句意同上。该处构成“whether ... or ...”结构,表示“要么……要么……”。故填or。
59. recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意:上海也许是公认的小笼包的故乡,但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出,邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处作定语,修饰名词home。recognize与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系,应填过去分词recognized作定语,意为“公认的”。故填recognized。
60. by 考查介词。句意:小笼包的皮是用手压出来的,而不是(用擀面杖)擀出来的。该处考查固定搭配“by hand”,意为“用手的;手工的”。故填by。
61. to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意:最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂或洒出任何馅料儿。根据搭配“allow sb. to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”可知,空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,lift与them是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be lifted。
62. their 考查代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的名词contents,应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
63. a 考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有点甜,汤应该是热的,清爽又美味。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,该处考查“a touch of sth.”结构,意为“少量某物;一点儿某物”。a touch of sweetness意为“一点点甜;一丝甜”。故填a。
64. rarely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的形容词enough,应用rare的副词形式rarely。rarely enough意为“几乎不够”。故填rarely。
65. wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一笼都不够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是吃完之后想下次再多吃一点。分析句子结构可知,这句话中已有谓语动词am left,所以want作非谓语,want与逻辑主语I是主动关系,所以应用want的现在分词形式。故填wanting。
(2022年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
previously
音标:/ pri vi sli/
词性:副词
词义:先前;在此之前
例句:I had previously met him at a party.(我之前在一个派对上见过他。)
authority
音标:/ θ r ti/
词性:名词
词义:权威;权力;当局;官方等
例句:The local authority is responsible for the environment.(地方当局负责环境事务。)
design
音标:/d za n/
词性:动词
词义:设计;计划;构思等
例句:This building was designed by a famous architect.(这座建筑是由一位著名的建筑师设计的。)
principle
音标:/ pr ns pl/
词性:名词
词义:原则;原理;准则等
例句:We should follow the principle of honesty.(我们应该遵循诚实的原则。)
diversity
音标:/da v s ti/
词性:名词
词义:多样性;差异;多样化等
例句:The rainforest has a great diversity of plants and animals.(雨林有大量的动植物多样性。)
ecological
音标:/ i k l d kl/
词性:形容词
词义:生态的;生态学的
例句:We need to protect the ecological environment.(我们需要保护生态环境。)
precious
音标:/ pre s/
词性:形容词
词义:宝贵的;珍贵的;贵重的等
例句:Time is precious, we should not waste it.(时间是宝贵的,我们不应该浪费它。)
asset
音标:/ set/
词性:名词
词义:资产;财产;宝贵的东西等
例句:Knowledge is our most precious asset.(知识是我们最宝贵的资产。)
population
音标:/ p pju le n/
词性:名词
词义:人口;种群;群体等
例句:The population of this city is increasing.(这个城市的人口在增加。)
umbrella species
音标:/ m brel spi i z/
词性:名词短语
词义:伞护种(指对某一地区生态系统具有关键作用,其保护能惠及众多其他物种的物种)
例句:Tigers are often considered an umbrella species.(老虎通常被认为是伞护种。)
range
音标:/re nd /
词性:名词
词义:范围;山脉;一系列等
例句:The temperature range in this area is wide.(这个地区的温度范围很广。)
ecosystem
音标:/ i k s st m/
词性:名词
词义:生态系统
例句:The destruction of the forest has a bad effect on the ecosystem.(森林的破坏对生态系统有不良影响。)
【真题精做】
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【译文】
中国政府最近最终敲定了建立一个大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。GPNP的占地面积大约是黄石国家公园的三倍大,它将成为美国最早的国家公园之一。该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前没有得到保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区置于一个权力机构之下,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。
经过三年的试点期,GPNP将于明年正式成立。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产(资产)”的指导原则。GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的连通性,并最终达到预期的野生种群水平。
大熊猫也是一种伞形物种(物种),为中国西南部和西北部的许多动植物带来了保护。GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫活动范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。
【说明】
体裁:说明文;主题语境:人与自然--环境保护(人与动植物);长度201词;本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。中国计划设立大熊猫国家公园,以维护生态系统完整性和原真性,探索生态文明建设新模式,实现人与自然和谐共生。
原文选自期刊 Global Ecology and Conservation。
https://www./science/article/pii/S2351989419307887
【背景知识】
1.Yellowstone National Park:黄石国家公园,由美国国家公园管理局负 责管理。1872年3月1日它被正式命名为保护野生动物和自然资源的国家公园,于1978年被列入《世界遗产名录》的世界自然遗产。
它是世界上第一个国家公园。
2.ecological buffer zone:生态缓冲区,是在城市与重要生态功能区交界地带,以植物为主、发挥一定缓冲作用的过渡区域。其作用是缓解外界压力,防止人为活动对核心区(核心区实行绝对保护,除进行必要的定位观测研究外,不设置和从事任何影响或者干扰生态环境的设施与活动)的影响,保障和促进对核心区生态环境的保护。该区内可进行有组织的科研、考察和教学等工作。
3. umbrella species: 伞护种,指某一物种的生存环境需求能涵盖其他物种的生存环境需求,在对该物种进行保护的同时也能为其他物种提供保护伞。
【语言知识】
【段意梳理】
第一段:大熊猫国家公园计划再扩大。
第二段:大熊猫保护区GPNP设计理念。
第三段:大熊猫保护区也有利于其它生物改善生态系统健康。
【答案】
56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed
61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that
【解析】
56题:考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语,空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
57题:考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知,此处考查倍数表达法,即为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份,因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。
58题:考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。
59题:考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知,空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语,故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
60题:考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
61题:考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知,空处前后为并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。
62题:考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处和and后的复数名词homes并列,且在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population ,意为“种群”,且应用复数形式。故填populations。
63题:考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知,空处后为动词achieve,空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve,结合语意可知,此处意为“最终”,应用副词eventually。故填eventually。
64题:考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。故填as。
65题:考查定语从句。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知,空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词,指代先行词species,指物,在从句中作主语,且先行词前有all修饰,故只能用关系代词that。故填that。
模拟真题真干
(2024·广东广州·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
impromptu
音标:/ m pr mptju /
词性:形容词
词义:即兴的;临时的
例句:The singer gave an impromptu performance at the party.(这位歌手在派对上进行了一场即兴表演。)
release
音标:/r li s/
词性:动词
词义:发行;释放;发布
例句:The new movie will be released next week.(这部新电影将于下周发行。)
universal
音标:/ ju n v sl/
词性:形容词
词义:普遍的;通用的;宇宙的
例句:Love is a universal emotion.(爱是一种普遍的情感。)
splendid
音标:/ splend d/
词性:形容词
词义:辉煌的;灿烂的;极好的
例句:We had a splendid time at the beach.(我们在海滩度过了一段美好的时光。)
landscape
音标:/ l ndske p/
词性:名词
词义:风景;景色;风景画
例句:The landscape of the mountains is breathtaking.(山区的景色令人叹为观止。)
emphasize
音标:/ emf sa z/
词性:动词
词义:强调;着重
例句:The teacher emphasized the importance of grammar.(老师强调了语法的重要性。)
humble
音标:/ h mbl/
词性:形容词
词义:谦逊的;简陋的;地位低下的
例句:He is a humble person despite his success.(尽管他很成功,但他是个谦逊的人。)
diverse
音标:/da v s/
词性:形容词
词义:不同的;多种多样的
例句:The city has a diverse population.(这座城市人口多样化。)
pen
音标:/pen/
词性:动词
词义:写;创作
例句:He penned a beautiful poem for his girlfriend.(他为他的女朋友写了一首优美的诗。)
【真题精做】
For centuries, Chinese poets have caught the amazing beauty of the Fuchun River in Hangzhou through simple but poetic words. This July, poets from the BRICS countries (金砖国家) followed the same path and engaged in 1 impromptu (即兴的) poetry event inspired by the river. Their creations were collected in Messengers from the Vernal Wood, which 2 (release) in Germany on October 18, 2024.
3 (edit) Li Shaojun said poetry is a universal language expressing shared human emotions. “The BRICS countries all have a splendid history, and through this common language, we can greatly improve communication and exchange, 4 (connect) more BRICS poets,” he said.
Talking about his journey to the poetry festival, Brazilian poet Thiago Moraes said he was still excited to visit a country 5 (total) different from his own. To his surprise, Moraes found some similarities with the Chinese poet friends in their love for nature and a 6 (fond) for expressing their inner worlds 7 landscape. He emphasized that poetry keeps people humble, open and diverse. “We poets should gather our efforts to make a 8 (good) world,” he added.
Ethiopian poet Seife Temam, impressed by Tang poet Li Bai, 9 (pen) a romantic line: I am a child of the Nile, 10 I am drawn to the Fuchun River.
【答案】
1.an 2.was released 3.Editor 4.connecting 5.totally 6.fondness 7.through/via 8.better 9.penned 10.yet/but
【难度】0.65
【知识点】诗歌
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了来自金砖国家的诗人们以富春江为灵感进行即兴诗歌创作,相关作品被收录在《春林信使》一书中。
1.考查冠词。句意:今年7月,来自金砖国家的诗人们沿着同样的路线,进行了一场以富春江为灵感的即兴诗歌活动。可数名词event在句中表示“一场活动”,泛指,且impromptu是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
2.考查时态语态。句意:他们的作品被收录在《春林信使》中,该书于2024年10月18日在德国发行。release(发行)是定语从句中谓语动词,与主语which(即先行词Messengers from the Vernal Wood)之间是被动关系,结合时间状语on October 18, 2024可知,描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是专有名词,谓语用单数。故填was released。
3.考查名词。句意:编辑李少军说,诗歌是一种表达人类共同情感的世界性语言。提示词作主语,表示“编辑”,应用名词editor,结合同位语Li Shaojun可知,指编辑“李少军”一人,应用单数形式;句首单词首字母大写。故填Editor。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:他说:“金砖国家都有着辉煌的历史,通过这种共同的语言,我们可以极大地促进交流和交换,联系更多的金砖国家诗人。”“(connect) more BRICS poets”作伴随状语,connect(联系)是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语we构成主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填connecting。
5.考查副词。句意:谈到他的诗歌节之旅,巴西诗人蒂亚戈·莫拉埃斯说,他仍然很兴奋能访问一个与自己国家完全不同的国家。提示词修饰形容词different,用副词totally作状语,意为“完全地”。故填totally。
6.考查名词。句意:令他惊讶的是,莫拉埃斯发现,在热爱自然和通过风景表达内心世界的热爱方面,他与中国诗人朋友们有一些相似之处。提示词作宾语,用名词fondness,意为“喜爱”,不可数名词。故填fondness。
7.考查介词。句意:令他惊讶的是,莫拉埃斯发现,在热爱自然和通过风景表达内心世界的热爱方面,他与中国诗人朋友们有一些相似之处。根据句意,表示“通过”,应用介词through或via构成介词短语,作方式状语。故填through/via。
8.考查比较级。句意:他补充说:“我们诗人应该共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。”提示词作定语修饰名词world,且结合句意可知,表示“更美好的”,应用形容词比较级better。故填better。
9.考查时态。句意:受唐代诗人李白启发的埃塞俄比亚诗人塞夫·特曼,写下了一句浪漫的诗句:我是尼罗河的孩子,但我却被富春江所吸引。pen(写)是谓语动词,与主语Ethiopian poet Seife Temam之间是主动关系,讲述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时态。故填penned。
10.考查连词。句意:受唐代诗人李白启发的埃塞俄比亚诗人塞夫·特曼,写下了一句浪漫的诗句:我是尼罗河的孩子,但我却被富春江所吸引。结合句意可知,前后分句之间是转折关系,应用连词yet或but连接两个句子。故填yet/but。
(2025·江苏泰州·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
institution
音标:/ nst tju n/
词性:名词
词义:机构;制度;习俗
例句:The school is a well - known educational institution.(这所学校是一所著名的教育机构。)
profound
音标:/pr fa nd/
词性:形容词
词义:深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的
例句:The teacher's words had a profound influence on the students.(老师的话对学生们产生了深远的影响。)
landscape
音标:/ l ndske p/
词性:名词
词义:风景;景色;风景画
例句:The landscape of the countryside is very beautiful.(乡村的景色非常美丽。)
sprawl
音标:/spr l/
词性:动词
词义:蔓延;伸展;杂乱无序地拓展
例句:The city has sprawled out in all directions.(这座城市向四面八方扩展。)
towering
音标:/ ta r /
词性:形容词
词义:高耸的;杰出的
例句:The towering mountains looked magnificent.(高耸的山脉看起来很壮观。)
spotless
音标:/ sp tl s/
词性:形容词
词义:一尘不染的;干净的
例句:The kitchen was spotless after she cleaned it.(她打扫完后,厨房一尘不染。)
scientific
音标:/ sa n t f k/
词性:形容词
词义:科学的;系统的
例句:We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem.(我们需要用科学的方法来解决这个问题。)
diverse
音标:/da v s/
词性:形容词
词义:不同的;多种多样的
例句:The company has a diverse range of products.(这家公司有各种各样的产品。)
athletic
音标:/ θ let k/
词性:形容词
词义:运动的;运动员的;体格健壮的
例句:He is an athletic boy who loves sports.(他是个热爱运动、体格健壮的男孩。)
nurture
音标:/ n t (r)/
词性:动词
词义:养育;培育;培养
例句:Parents should nurture their children's interests.(父母应该培养孩子的兴趣。)
【真题精做】
Jiangsu Taizhou High School, 11 unique and outstanding educational institution worthy of note, 12 (leave) a profound mark on the educational landscape of the region in recent years.
The campus of the school is truly a splendid place. It sprawls over a large area 13 (dot) with green lawns and towering trees. Throughout the year, a rich variety of flowers burst into bloom, adding a touch of vivid color. The teaching buildings are spacious and well-equipped. Classrooms are bright and spotless, 14 (provide) a comfortable environment for students to study. Apart from these, the school has advanced laboratories, which enable us to conduct interesting 15 (science) experiments.
Teachers are the very core of the school, who are highly professional and passionate about teaching. By employing diverse teaching method, they make complex knowledge easy 16 (understand). Their attention is not only fixed on students’ academic achievements 17 on their personal development.
There are 18 (number) activities for students in this school. For instance, the annual sports meeting is filled with thrills, 19 students can show their athletic abilities. Cultural festivals also offer a platform for them to display their talents in art, music, and so on. It comes 20 no surprise that these activities can enrich their school life and help them develop teamwork. Altogether, Taizhou High School is a place that nurtures students’ dreams and help them move forward.
【答案】
11.a 12.has left 13.dotted 14.providing 15.scientific 16.to understand 17.but 18.where 19.numerous 20.as
【难度】0.65
【知识点】周边环境与场所、学校生活
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是江苏泰州高中的校园环境、师资力量及学生活动,展现其独特的教育魅力。
11.考查冠词。句意:江苏泰州高级中学是一所独特且杰出的教育机构,近年来在地区教育领域留下了深刻的印记。institution为可数名词单数,空前无限定词,所以此处使用冠词,结合句意,此处表示“一所独特的教育机构”表示泛指意义,所以此处为不定冠词,unique的首个音素为辅音,所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。
12.考查谓语动词。句意:江苏泰州高级中学是一所独特且杰出的教育机构,近年来在地区教育领域留下了深刻的印记。此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语in recent years可知,此处使用现在完成时,leave与主语Jiangsu Taizhou High School之间为主动关系,且主语为第三人称单数。故填has left。
13.考查过去分词。句意:它横跨大片绿地和高耸的树木点缀的区域。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词area,根据be dotted with意为“点缀着”可知,dot与area之间为被动关系,所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填dotted。
14.考查现在分词。句意:教室明亮整洁,为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。此处为非谓语动词作状语,provide与逻辑主语classrooms之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填providing。
15.考查形容词。句意:除此之外,学校还拥有先进的实验室,使我们能够进行有趣的科学实验。此处为形容词那个作定语修饰名词experiments,science的形容词为scientific意为“科学的”符合句意。故填scientific。
16.考查动词不定式。句意:通过采用多样化的教学方法,他们使得复杂知识易于理解。此处为非谓语动词作状语修饰形容词easy,在“表示性质的形容词+to do”结构中,通常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,作状语,其中常见的形容词有difficult,easy,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice等。所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to understand。
17.考查连词。句意:他们的关注点不仅在于学生的学业成绩,还在于学生的个人发展。此处为“not only…but (also)…”连接并列结构,其中also可以省略,所以此处使用连词but。故填but。
18.考查形容词。句意:这所学校为学生们提供了大量的活动。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词activities,number的形容词为numerous意为“大量的”符合句意。故填numerous。
19.考查定语从句。句意:例如,年度运动会充满了刺激,学生们可以在此展示他们的运动能力。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,所以此处使用关系副词,先行词sports meeting为抽象地点名词,所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。
20.考查介词。句意:毫不奇怪,这些活动丰富了他们的学校生活,帮助他们培养团队合作精神。此处为固定短语come as no surprise意为“毫不意外”符合句意。故填as。
(2025·辽宁·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
【单词清障】
detailed
音标:/ di te ld/
词性:形容词
词义:详细的;细致的
例句:He gave a detailed description of the accident.(他对事故进行了详细的描述。)
principle
音标:/ pr ns pl/
词性:名词
词义:原则;原理;准则
例句:We should stick to the principles of honesty and fairness.(我们应该坚持诚实和公平的原则。)
notable
音标:/ n t bl/
词性:形容词
词义:值得注意的;显著的;著名的
例句:There have been notable changes in the city in recent years.(近年来这座城市发生了显著的变化。)
architecture
音标:/ ɑ k tekt (r)/
词性:名词
词义:建筑学;建筑风格;建筑设计
例句:The architecture of the ancient buildings is really fascinating.(这些古建筑的建筑风格真的很迷人。)
pavilion
音标:/p v li n/
词性:名词
词义:亭;阁;展馆
例句:There is a beautiful pavilion in the park.(公园里有一座漂亮的亭子。)
construct
音标:/ k nstr kt/(名词);/k n str kt/(动词)
词性:动词(文中为过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
词义:建造;修筑;创建
例句:They are going to construct a new bridge over the river.(他们打算在河上建造一座新桥。)
element
音标:/ el m nt/
词性:名词
词义:要素;基本部分;元素
例句:Honesty is an important element in a friendship.(诚实是友谊中的一个重要要素。)
represent
音标:/ repr zent/
词性:动词
词义:代表;象征;描绘
例句:The dove represents peace.(鸽子象征着和平。)
harmony
音标:/ hɑ m ni/
词性:名词
词义:和谐;协调;融洽
例句:We should live in harmony with nature.(我们应该与自然和谐相处。)
reservation
音标:/ rez ve n/
词性:名词
词义:保留;预订;保护区
例句:We made a reservation at the hotel in advance.(我们提前在酒店预订了房间。)
aesthetics
音标:/i s θet ks/
词性:名词
词义:美学;审美学;审美观念
例句:The study of aesthetics helps us understand art better.(美学研究有助于我们更好地理解艺术。)
【真题精做】
For a long time, Chinese culture has greatly affected the styles of buildings in many countries across the world. The detailed designs of traditional Chinese temples and the use of Chinese principles 21 (leave) their marks on buildings in different parts of the world since centuries ago.
A notable example of foreign architecture influenced by Chinese culture is the Chinese Pavilion in Drottningholm Palace, Sweden. 22 (construct) in the I8th century, the pavilion was designed in the Chinese Rococo style, 23 combined European Rococo elements with traditional Chinese architectural features like tower 24 (roof) and dragon themes. This combination of styles exhibits how Chinese design principles were included into Western architecture during the Baroque period.
In Australia, the Chinese Garden of Friendship in Sydney is another example of 25 Chinese culture has impacted foreign architecture. Created by Chinese landscape architects, this peaceful garden represents the principles of harmony, balance, and quietness found 'in classical Chinese gardens. 26 (it) traditional architecture, including wooden towers, curved bridges and complicated frame work, provides 27 peaceful reservation in the middle of the lively city.
In general, the influence of Chinese culture on foreign architecture shows the widespread appeal of Chinese design aesthetics and architectural traditions. By 28 (combine) traditional Chinese elements with local styles, architects worldwide continue to produce unique and 29 (cultural) diverse buildings that honor the beauty and 30 (vary) of Chinese architectural heritage.
【答案】
21.have left 22.Constructed 23.which 24.roofs 25.how 26.Its 27.a 28.combining 29.culturally 30.variety
【难度】0.65
【知识点】中国文化与节日、建筑
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文化对世界建筑风格的影响,特别是中国传统寺庙的详细设计和中国原则在世界各地建筑上的印记。
21.考查动词时态。句意:几个世纪以来,中国传统寺庙的精细设计以及中国原则的运用,已经在世界各地建筑上留下了它们的印记。根据时间状语“since centuries ago”可知,句子应使用现在完成时,表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在,主语“The detailed designs of traditional Chinese temples and the use of Chinese principles”是复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式“have left”。故填have left。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:这座亭子建于18世纪,采用了中国洛可可风格设计,将欧洲洛可可元素与中国传统建筑特征相结合,如塔楼屋顶和龙形主题。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,the pavilion和construct为逻辑动宾关系,需用过去分词形式,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Constructed。
23.考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是“the pavilion”,指物,在从句中作主语,所以使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
24.考查名词。句意同上。roof为可数名词,和themes并列,需填名词复数形式。故填roofs。
25.考查宾语从句。句意:在澳大利亚,悉尼的友谊园是中国文化如何影响外国建筑的另一个例子。此处是宾语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,所以使用连接副词“how”,表示“中国文化如何影响外国建筑”。故填how。
26.考查代词。句意:其传统建筑,包括木塔、曲桥和复杂的框架结构,在繁华的城市中心提供了一片宁静的休憩之地。修饰名词architecture,需用形容词性物主代词its,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Its。
27.考查冠词。句意同上。名词“reservation”在此处表示泛指,且peaceful发音以辅音音素开头,所以使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
28.考查非谓语动词。句意:世界各地的建筑师通过将中国传统元素与当地风格相结合,继续创造出独特且文化多元的建筑,以彰显中国建筑遗产的美丽与多样性。介词“By”后接动名词形式作宾语,所以使用“combining”。故填combining。
29.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词“diverse”,应使用副词形式“culturally”。故填culturally。
30.考查名词。句意同上。此处与名词“beauty”并列作宾语,应使用名词形式variety。故填variety。
(2023·四川眉山·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【单词清障】
contractor
音标:/ k ntr kt (r)/
词性:名词
词义:承包商;订约人
例句:The contractor is responsible for building the new bridge.(这位承包商负责建造新桥。)
manned
音标:/ m nd/
词性:形容词
词义:载人的;有人操纵的
例句:China has achieved great success in manned spaceflight.(中国在载人航天方面取得了巨大成功。)
normalized
音标:/ n m la zd/
词性:形容词
词义:正常化的;标准化的
例句:The relationship between the two countries has been normalized.(两国关系已经正常化。)
maiden
音标:/ me dn/
词性:形容词
词义:首次的;初次的
例句:The maiden voyage of the new ship was a great success.(新船的首次航行非常成功。)
aerospace
音标:/ e r spe s/
词性:名词
词义:航空航天;航空航天工业
例句:The aerospace industry is developing rapidly.(航空航天工业发展迅速。)
export
音标:/ eksp t/(名词);/ k sp t/(动词)
词性:名词(文中此用法)
词义:出口;出口产品
例句:The country's exports have increased significantly this year.(该国今年的出口量大幅增加。)
probe
音标:/ pr b/
词性:名词
词义:探测器;探针
例句:The probe sent back valuable data from space.(探测器从太空发回了有价值的数据。)
asteroid
音标:/ st r d/
词性:名词
词义:小行星
例句:Scientists are studying the movement of asteroids.(科学家们正在研究小行星的运动。)
【真题精做】
China plans to carry out over 60 launch missions this year, according to the country’s major space contractors.
The manned space station project will enter the stage of 31 (apply) and development, and China’s space station will realize normalized operation in 2023, said Zhang Zhongyang, General Manager of the CASC, 32 presented the report at the company’s annual research and production work conference in Beijing.
The 33 (plan) spaceflights include manned and robotic missions to the 34 (new) built China Space Station (CSS) and the maiden flight of the Long March-6C carrier rocket, according to the report.
The country will also launch the Long March-6D carrier rocket in 2023 35 complete the performance of commercial aerospace and satellite export 36 (contract), Zhang added.
China will fully promote the 37 (four) phase (阶段) of its lunar exploration program and the planetary detection project in 2023, 38 (carry) out research of the Chang’e-7 and Tianwen-2 probes, Zhang said.
Most of the launches will be made by the company’s Long March carrier rocket family, and the rest 39 (conduct) by the Smart Dragon series, said Zhang, adding that the company will continue 40 the research and development of the Tianwen-2 asteroid probe and the Chang’e-7 lunar probe.
【答案】
31.application 32.who 33.planned 34.newly 35.and 36.contracts 37.fourth 38.carrying 39.will be conducted 40.with
【难度】0.65
【知识点】航空航天
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了据中国主要航天承包商称,中国计划今年执行 60 多次发射任务。
31.考查名词。句意:中国航天集团公司总经理张忠阳在北京举行的公司年度科研生产工作会议上作报告时表示,载人空间站项目将进入应用开发阶段,中国空间站将于2023年实现常态化运行。此处应用名词application作宾语,表示“应用”,不可数,故填application。
32.考查定语从句。句意:中国航天集团公司总经理张忠阳在北京举行的公司年度科研生产工作会议上作报告时表示,载人空间站项目将进入应用开发阶段,中国空间站将于2023年实现常态化运行。此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Zhang Zhongyang,指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,应用who引导,故填who。
33.考查非谓语动词。句意:报道称,计划中的航天飞行包括前往新建的中国空间站(CSS)的载人和机器人飞行任务以及长征六号丙运载火箭的首次飞行。此处是非谓语动词作定语,和名词spaceflights之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填planned。
34.考查副词。句意:报道称,计划中的航天飞行包括前往新建的中国空间站(CSS)的载人和机器人飞行任务以及长征六号丙运载火箭的首次飞行。此处应用副词作状语,叙述动词build。故填newly。
35.考查连词。句意:张补充道,中国还将在2023年发射长征六号丁运载火箭,并完成商业航天和卫星出口合同的履行。此处应用连词and连接谓语动词launch和complete,故填and。
36.考查名词的数。句意:张补充道,中国还将在2023年发射长征六号丁运载火箭,并完成商业航天和卫星出口合同的履行。此处应用名词contract作宾语,前面无冠词,此处应用复数形式表示泛指,故填contracts。
37.考查序数词。句意:张说,中国将在2023年全面推进探月工程第四阶段和行星探测工程,开展嫦娥七号和天问二号探测器研究。此处表示“第四”,应用序数词,故填fourth。
38.考查非谓语动词。句意:张说,中国将在2023年全面推进探月工程第四阶段和行星探测工程,开展嫦娥七号和天问二号探测器研究。此处是非谓语动词作状语,主语China和动词carry是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填carrying。
39.考查时态和语态。句意:张说,大部分发射将由公司的长征系列运载火箭进行,其余的将由聪明龙系列进行。他补充说,公司将继续天文二号小行星探测器的研发和嫦娥七号月球探测器。此处是作谓语,句子描述将来要发生的事,且主语the rest和动词conduct是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态,故填will be conducted。
40.考查借此。句意:张说,大部分发射将由公司的长征系列运载火箭进行,其余的将由聪明龙系列进行。他补充说,公司将继续天文二号小行星探测器的研发和嫦娥七号月球探测器。continue with sth.固定搭配,意为“继续进行某事”,故填with。