7-2-2 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第四册英语
Unit 2 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 学生版
目 录
◆读前清障
课文词块，词汇英汉
◆ 课文释译
重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Reading and Thinking
◆阅读清障
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. ________ n. 赤道
2. ________ n. 户外烧烤；烤架
3. ________ n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的
4. ________ n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
5. ________ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相
6. ________ n. 药草；香草；草本
7. ________ adj. 中空的；空心的
8. ________ adj. 坦率的；简单的
9. ________ n. 标语；口号
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. ________ n. 创建；基础；地基→________ vt. 创立，建立；创办
2. ________ adj. 政治的→________ n. 政治
3. ________ adj. 位于→________ n. 位置→________ vt. 把……设置在；把……建造在
4. ________ n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂→________ n. 烤；烘烤食品 vt. 烤，烘焙
5. ________ vt. & vi. (使)振动→________ n. 振动；心灵感应
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. iconic adj. ________________
2. koala n. ________________
3. horn n. ________________
4. pitch n. ________________
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. ________________ 给……留下印象
2. ________________ 做一些研究
3. ________________ 把……称作……
4. ________________ 主修
5. ________________ 另一方面
6. ________________ 导致
7. ________________ 产于……
8. ________________ 与……保持密切联系
9. ________________ 吸气
10. ________________ 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
11. ________________ 在……中起作用
12. ________________ 有宾至如归的感觉
◆ 课文释译
词汇助读 原文 译文
①over the school holidays在学校放假期间 ②record my experiences记录我的经历 ③do some research on对……做一些研究 ④(be) located to the south of the equator位于赤道以南 ⑤refer to. . . as把……称为 ⑥some iconic sites一些标志性景点 ⑦such as比如 ⑧cute koalas可爱的考拉 ⑨major in主修 ⑩experience their culture体验他们的文化 my first open air barbecue我的第一次露天烧烤 yummy meals美味的饭菜 the Sunday roast周日烤肉 bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 fast food joints快餐店 butcher shop肉店 the premier food experiences顶级的美食体验 on the other hand另一方面 lead to导致 Asian herbs亚洲药草 dim sim(特指澳大利亚的)点心 learn about了解 be native to源于 an Aboriginal word一个土著词 break over吞没；淹没 be in close contact with nature与大自然保持密切联系 the spiritual world精神世界 musical instruments乐器 be made from由……制成 hollow adj. 中空的；空心的 vibrate your lips振动你的嘴唇 unlike a horn不像号角 change pitch改变音高 breathe in吸气 breathe out呼气 be convinced that确信 make a musical sound发出乐声 say goodbye to和……说再见 for a while一段时间 make up组成 minority cultures少数民族文化 play a part in在……起作用 shape the unique Australian culture塑造独特的澳大利亚文化 half of all Australian citizens一半的澳大利亚公民 be born overseas在海外出生 personally speaking就个人而言 have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度 feel at home感到宾至如归 agree with the tourism slogan同意这个旅游口号 nothing like没有什么能比得上 25 Sep Next week I'm travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays①. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences② and what I learn(1). I have already done some research on③ the country. Located to the south of the equator④(2)，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as⑤ “down under”. (1)what引导宾语从句。 (2)过去分词短语作原因状语。 I have also read about some iconic sites⑥，such as⑦ the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road，and animals like the cute koalas⑧ and kangaroos. I can't wait to see all of them! However，as I major in⑨ social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture⑩，food，and way of life. (3) (3)句中as引导原因状语从句，主句中and连接两个动名词短语，作介词in的宾语。 1 Oct I'm here in Sydney! Since I arrived，my friend has brought me to my first open air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me，so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food！(4) A lot of typical Australian food，such as the Sunday roast ，is originally British. Bakeries ，fast food joints ，butcher shops ，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. The influence of Asian cultures，on the other hand ，led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs ，along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese inspired dim sim . (4)句中Since引导时间状语从句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句。 3 Oct My friend and I have arrived in Katherine，a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We're here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia(5). The Aboriginal population might be small，but its influence is still visible. For example，“Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning “water breaking over rocks”(6). (5)who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Aborigines。 (6)现在分词短语作后置定语。 To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature . This shows in their music，too，which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them(7). Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo(8). (7)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词music。 (8)among which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sticks。 The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow (9). To play the didgeridoo，you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips . Unlike a horn ，there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch . A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument! (10) (9)which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词branch。 (10)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第二个分句中that引导宾语从句。 6 Oct It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia. I've enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while ，my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation(11). Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture(12)，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture ，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas . (13) (11)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词peoples and cultures。 (12)Although引导让步状语从句。 (13)句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句，其中who were born overseas为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词parents。 Personally speaking ，what I like most about Australia(14) is the people themselves. They have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life ，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went(15). (14)what引导主语从句。 (15)wherever引导地点状语从句。 After experiencing Australia，I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan : “There's nothing like Australia. ”(16) (16)句中After experiencing Australia为时间状语，that引导宾语从句。 9月25日 趁学校放假，下周我要去澳大利亚看望那里的一位朋友。我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。我对澳大利亚做了一番研究。位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。 我也看了一些标志性景点的介绍，如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还有可爱的考拉和袋鼠等动物的资料。我迫不及待想见到所有这一切！ 不过，因为我主修社会科学，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。 10月1日 我到悉尼啦！ 自我来这儿之后，朋友就带着我去吃了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还和我分享了许多风格各异的美味佳肴，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是美食！ 很多澳大利亚的特色美食都源自英国，比如星期日烤肉。随处可见的面包店、快餐连锁店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供世界顶级的美食体验。另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。 10月3日 我和朋友来到了澳大利亚北领地的凯瑟琳小镇。我们此行的目的是了解土著人的生活和习俗，他们是澳大利亚的原住民。土著人的人口可能很少，但其影响依旧可见。例如，“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”就是一个土著词汇，意思是“拍打着岩石的海浪(声)”。 为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。这也体现在它们的音乐中。这些音乐歌颂身边的自然世界，以及围绕着它们的精神世界。他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 迪吉里杜管是由一根中空的树枝制成的。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，你要把嘴巴靠在一端，一边吹气，一边振动嘴唇。与喇叭不同，迪吉里杜管没有指孔。吹奏迪吉里杜管必须靠改变嘴形才能改变音高。一名娴熟的演奏者可以长时间吹奏，不用停下来换气。演奏者可以不停地用鼻子吸气，同时通过嘴巴吐气，吹入迪吉里杜管中。我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！ 10月6日 差不多是我跟澳大利亚说再见的时候了。我在这里过得十分愉快。在这里住了一段时间之后，我最深刻的印象就是不同种族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。 对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号：“澳大利亚，尽是不同。”
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
Now skim the passage and answer the following questions.
1. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A tour brochure. B. A blog.
C. A news report. D. A lecture.
2. What do you suppose the writer might write about in the passage
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 1 Fast-reading for main ideas
3. Skim the passage and match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Paras. 1－2) A. The experiences and feelings in Australia.
Part 2(Para. 3) B. Be ready to travel to Australia.
Part 3(Paras. 4－6) C. Australian different but yummy foods.
Part 4(Paras. 7－9) D. The Aborigines in Australia.
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The writer’s impression of the food and music of Australia.
B. The writer’s impression of the people and culture of Australia.
C. The writer’s experiences in Australia.
D. The writer’s impression of the attractions of Australia.
5. What is the text type of the passage
A. Narration(记叙文).
B. Argumentative essay(议论文).
C. Expository essay(说明文).
D. Practical writing(应用文).
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. However，as I major in social studies，I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________________句。as引导_______________________；第一个and连接两个并列的_______________________作in的_______________________；major in意为“_______________________”。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
2. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________________句。among which 引导_______________________从句，修饰instruments；found on the ground是过去分词短语作_______________________，修饰sticks；called the didgeridoo是过去分词短语作_______________________，修饰instrument。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
3. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________________句。 Although引导_______________________从句；shaping the unique Australian culture是动名词短语作介词in的_______________________；with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是“_______________________”的结构，其中contributed by immigrants是过去分词短语作_______________________。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
4. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________________句。it作_______________________，that引导的主语从句作_______________________；who引导_______________________从句，修饰先行词_______________________。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What does the phrase“down under” mean
A. Australia is surrounded by oceans.
B. Australia lies to the south of the equator.
C. Australia will be swallowed by rising sea water.
D. Australia has a lower ground level than other countries.
(2)What is the focus of the Aborigines’ music
A. Love. B. Nature. C. History. D. Food.
(3)How can a player change pitch when playing the didgeridoo
A. By changing his mouth shapes.
B. By breathing in more air.
C. By pressing the finger holes.
D. By closing his mouth tightly.
(4)What impressed the writer most in Australia
A. Its grand iconic sites.
B. Its unique animals.
C. Its various cultures.
D. Its different minorities.
(5)Why does the writer mention the slogan in the end
A. To show his disappointment at travelling.
B. To praise the effect of the advertising.
C. To remind visitors not to go to Australia.
D. To stress the beauty of Australia.
Step 5. 读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能——心理描写
A. 阅读课文中含有心理描写的语句
1. I can't wait to see all of them!
2. However，as I major in social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
3. I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
B. 判断下列语句哪个不含有心理描写
1. I have already done some research on the country.
2. I've enjoyed my time here very much.
3. Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Australia
Position Located to the south of the equator，it's often informally 1. __________________ as “down under”.
Iconic sites and animals ◆The Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road. ◆The cute 2. __________________ and kangaroos.
Different but yummy meals ◆The Sunday 3. __________________. ◆Australian versions of 4. __________________ like the Chinese inspired dim sim.
The Aborigines ◆In Katherine，. a 5. __________________ in Australia's Northern Territory. ◆The population might be small，but its 6. __________________ is still visible. ◆They are in close contact with 7. __________________.
The didgeridoo ◆It is made from a tree branch which is 8. __________________. ◆Unlike a horn，there are no 9. __________________. ◆The didgeridoo player has to change the 10. __________________ of his mouth in order to change pitch.
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)What do we know about the Sunday roast
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)Why were the Aborigines in close contact with nature
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)What problems do the Aborigines face
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Step 1 vocabulary
1. Each complaint is analysed very closely, and if it has no __________________(基础) it is refused.
2. Education is now a major __________________(政治的) issue.
3. The largest palace of the world, the Forbidden City, is __________________(位于) on the central axis of Beijing city.
4. Every month there is a __________________ (共同的) conference between the two departments.
5. He is one of the nation’s __________________(最著名的) scientists.
6. He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with __________________(中空的) cheeks.
7. __________________ (振动) were felt hundreds of miles from the centre of the earthquake.
8. He raised his voice to an even higher __________________(音高).
9. He explained quite __________________ (坦率地) that there wasn’t enough work for us all.
10. “Power to the people” is their __________________(口号).
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. Pay attention to words, idioms, sentences and discourses, __________________.
阅读时关注字词、习语、句子和语段, 其中句子最为重要。
2. __________________, Yunnan has become the gateway from mainland of China to India and Southeast Asia.
云南地处中国西南边疆, 已成为中国从陆上通向印度和东南亚的门户。
3. __________________ where an important match would be held.
观众们迫不及待地想进体育馆, 那里将举行一场重要的比赛。
4. She was sent a box of chocolates __________________.
她收到一盒巧克力糖和一封信, 信上说她被解雇了。
5. __________________, loosen up, and stretch your limbs out, you will feel relaxed a lot then.
深呼吸的同时, 放松身体, 伸展四肢, 你会感到放松很多。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根据下面提示, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 龙门石窟位于河南洛阳, 是中国石窟艺术的标志性符号。(located; iconic)
2. 龙门石窟的地基代表了中国石雕艺术的最高峰。(foundation)
3. 这些石窟与自然以及周围的环境密切相关。(in close contact with)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 4课文语法填空
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
I arrived in Australia on 1st October to visit my friend there. Australia,1. __________________(locate) to the south of the equator，is often informally referred to 2. __________________ “down under”.
My first 3. __________________(impress) of Australia were all about food！Bakeries，fast-food joints，butcher shops，cafes and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. A lot of typical Australian food is 4. __________________(origin) British. On the other hand，Asian cultures also have an influence on it.
In Katherine，we learned about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia. I learned to play 5. __________________ local instrument—didgeridoo. I put my mouth on one end and blew while 6. __________________(vibrate) my lips but failed. I 7. __________________(convince) that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument.
After experiencing Australia，personally speaking,8. __________________ I like most about Australia is the people 9. __________________(they). Their friendliness and 10. __________________(warm) made me feel at home wherever I went.7-2-2 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第四册英语
Unit 2 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 教师版
目 录
◆读前清障
课文词块，词汇英汉
◆ 课文释译
重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Reading and Thinking
◆阅读清障
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. ________ n. 赤道
2. ________ n. 户外烧烤；烤架
3. ________ n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的
4. ________ n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
5. ________ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相
6. ________ n. 药草；香草；草本
7. ________ adj. 中空的；空心的
8. ________ adj. 坦率的；简单的
9. ________ n. 标语；口号
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. ________ n. 创建；基础；地基→________ vt. 创立，建立；创办
2. ________ adj. 政治的→________ n. 政治
3. ________ adj. 位于→________ n. 位置→________ vt. 把……设置在；把……建造在
4. ________ n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂→________ n. 烤；烘烤食品 vt. 烤，烘焙
5. ________ vt. & vi. (使)振动→________ n. 振动；心灵感应
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. iconic adj. ________________
2. koala n. ________________
3. horn n. ________________
4. pitch n. ________________
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. ________________ 给……留下印象
2. ________________ 做一些研究
3. ________________ 把……称作……
4. ________________ 主修
5. ________________ 另一方面
6. ________________ 导致
7. ________________ 产于……
8. ________________ 与……保持密切联系
9. ________________ 吸气
10. ________________ 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
11. ________________ 在……中起作用
12. ________________ 有宾至如归的感觉
【答案】
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. equator 2. barbecue 3. joint 4. butcher 5. premier 6. herb 7. hollow 8. straightforward 9. slogan
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. foundation found 2. political politics 3. located location locate 4. bakery bake 5. vibrate vibration
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. 符号的；图标的 2. 考拉；树袋熊 3. (乐器)号 4. 音高
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. make an impression on. . . 2. do some research 3. refer to. . . as. . . 4. major in 5. on the other hand 6. lead to 7. be native to 8. be in close contact with 9. breathe in 10. make up 11. play a part in. . . 12. feel at home
◆ 课文释译
词汇助读 原文 译文
①over the school holidays在学校放假期间 ②record my experiences记录我的经历 ③do some research on对……做一些研究 ④(be) located to the south of the equator位于赤道以南 ⑤refer to. . . as把……称为 ⑥some iconic sites一些标志性景点 ⑦such as比如 ⑧cute koalas可爱的考拉 ⑨major in主修 ⑩experience their culture体验他们的文化 my first open air barbecue我的第一次露天烧烤 yummy meals美味的饭菜 the Sunday roast周日烤肉 bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 fast food joints快餐店 butcher shop肉店 the premier food experiences顶级的美食体验 on the other hand另一方面 lead to导致 Asian herbs亚洲药草 dim sim(特指澳大利亚的)点心 learn about了解 be native to源于 an Aboriginal word一个土著词 break over吞没；淹没 be in close contact with nature与大自然保持密切联系 the spiritual world精神世界 musical instruments乐器 be made from由……制成 hollow adj. 中空的；空心的 vibrate your lips振动你的嘴唇 unlike a horn不像号角 change pitch改变音高 breathe in吸气 breathe out呼气 be convinced that确信 make a musical sound发出乐声 say goodbye to和……说再见 for a while一段时间 make up组成 minority cultures少数民族文化 play a part in在……起作用 shape the unique Australian culture塑造独特的澳大利亚文化 half of all Australian citizens一半的澳大利亚公民 be born overseas在海外出生 personally speaking就个人而言 have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度 feel at home感到宾至如归 agree with the tourism slogan同意这个旅游口号 nothing like没有什么能比得上 25 Sep Next week I'm travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays①. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences② and what I learn(1). I have already done some research on③ the country. Located to the south of the equator④(2)，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as⑤ “down under”. (1)what引导宾语从句。 (2)过去分词短语作原因状语。 I have also read about some iconic sites⑥，such as⑦ the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road，and animals like the cute koalas⑧ and kangaroos. I can't wait to see all of them! However，as I major in⑨ social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture⑩，food，and way of life. (3) (3)句中as引导原因状语从句，主句中and连接两个动名词短语，作介词in的宾语。 1 Oct I'm here in Sydney! Since I arrived，my friend has brought me to my first open air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me，so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food！(4) A lot of typical Australian food，such as the Sunday roast ，is originally British. Bakeries ，fast food joints ，butcher shops ，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. The influence of Asian cultures，on the other hand ，led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs ，along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese inspired dim sim . (4)句中Since引导时间状语从句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句。 3 Oct My friend and I have arrived in Katherine，a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We're here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia(5). The Aboriginal population might be small，but its influence is still visible. For example，“Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning “water breaking over rocks”(6). (5)who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Aborigines。 (6)现在分词短语作后置定语。 To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature . This shows in their music，too，which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them(7). Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo(8). (7)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词music。 (8)among which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sticks。 The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow (9). To play the didgeridoo，you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips . Unlike a horn ，there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch . A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument! (10) (9)which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词branch。 (10)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第二个分句中that引导宾语从句。 6 Oct It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia. I've enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while ，my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation(11). Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture(12)，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture ，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas . (13) (11)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词peoples and cultures。 (12)Although引导让步状语从句。 (13)句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句，其中who were born overseas为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词parents。 Personally speaking ，what I like most about Australia(14) is the people themselves. They have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life ，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went(15). (14)what引导主语从句。 (15)wherever引导地点状语从句。 After experiencing Australia，I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan : “There's nothing like Australia. ”(16) (16)句中After experiencing Australia为时间状语，that引导宾语从句。 9月25日 趁学校放假，下周我要去澳大利亚看望那里的一位朋友。我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。我对澳大利亚做了一番研究。位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。 我也看了一些标志性景点的介绍，如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还有可爱的考拉和袋鼠等动物的资料。我迫不及待想见到所有这一切！ 不过，因为我主修社会科学，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。 10月1日 我到悉尼啦！ 自我来这儿之后，朋友就带着我去吃了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还和我分享了许多风格各异的美味佳肴，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是美食！ 很多澳大利亚的特色美食都源自英国，比如星期日烤肉。随处可见的面包店、快餐连锁店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供世界顶级的美食体验。另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。 10月3日 我和朋友来到了澳大利亚北领地的凯瑟琳小镇。我们此行的目的是了解土著人的生活和习俗，他们是澳大利亚的原住民。土著人的人口可能很少，但其影响依旧可见。例如，“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”就是一个土著词汇，意思是“拍打着岩石的海浪(声)”。 为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。这也体现在它们的音乐中。这些音乐歌颂身边的自然世界，以及围绕着它们的精神世界。他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 迪吉里杜管是由一根中空的树枝制成的。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，你要把嘴巴靠在一端，一边吹气，一边振动嘴唇。与喇叭不同，迪吉里杜管没有指孔。吹奏迪吉里杜管必须靠改变嘴形才能改变音高。一名娴熟的演奏者可以长时间吹奏，不用停下来换气。演奏者可以不停地用鼻子吸气，同时通过嘴巴吐气，吹入迪吉里杜管中。我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！ 10月6日 差不多是我跟澳大利亚说再见的时候了。我在这里过得十分愉快。在这里住了一段时间之后，我最深刻的印象就是不同种族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。 对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号：“澳大利亚，尽是不同。”
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
Now skim the passage and answer the following questions.
1. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A tour brochure. B. A blog.
C. A news report. D. A lecture.
答案 B
2. What do you suppose the writer might write about in the passage
He might write about his experiences and what he learned.
Activity 1 Fast-reading for main ideas
3. Skim the passage and match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Paras. 1－2) A. The experiences and feelings in Australia.
Part 2(Para. 3) B. Be ready to travel to Australia.
Part 3(Paras. 4－6) C. Australian different but yummy foods.
Part 4(Paras. 7－9) D. The Aborigines in Australia.
答案 Parts 1－4 B C D A
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The writer’s impression of the food and music of Australia.
B. The writer’s impression of the people and culture of Australia.
C. The writer’s experiences in Australia.
D. The writer’s impression of the attractions of Australia.
答案 C
5. What is the text type of the passage
A. Narration(记叙文).
B. Argumentative essay(议论文).
C. Expository essay(说明文).
D. Practical writing(应用文).
答案: A
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. However，as I major in social studies，I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句；第一个and连接两个并列的动名词短语作in的宾语；major in意为“主修”。
[自主翻译] 不过，因为我主修社会研究，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。
2. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。among which 引导定语从句，修饰instruments；found on the ground是过去分词短语作定语，修饰sticks；called the didgeridoo是过去分词短语作定语，修饰instrument。
[自主翻译] 他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。
3. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。 Although引导让步状语从句；shaping the unique Australian culture是动名词短语作介词in的宾语；with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，其中contributed by immigrants是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。
[自主翻译] 尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。
4. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词parents。
[自主翻译] 据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What does the phrase“down under” mean
A. Australia is surrounded by oceans.
B. Australia lies to the south of the equator.
C. Australia will be swallowed by rising sea water.
D. Australia has a lower ground level than other countries.
(2)What is the focus of the Aborigines’ music
A. Love. B. Nature. C. History. D. Food.
(3)How can a player change pitch when playing the didgeridoo
A. By changing his mouth shapes.
B. By breathing in more air.
C. By pressing the finger holes.
D. By closing his mouth tightly.
(4)What impressed the writer most in Australia
A. Its grand iconic sites.
B. Its unique animals.
C. Its various cultures.
D. Its different minorities.
(5)Why does the writer mention the slogan in the end
A. To show his disappointment at travelling.
B. To praise the effect of the advertising.
C. To remind visitors not to go to Australia.
D. To stress the beauty of Australia.
答案: (1)～(5)BBACD
Step 5. 读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能——心理描写
A. 阅读课文中含有心理描写的语句
1. I can't wait to see all of them!
2. However，as I major in social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
3. I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
B. 判断下列语句哪个不含有心理描写
1. I have already done some research on the country.
2. I've enjoyed my time here very much.
3. Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
[答案] 1
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Australia
Position Located to the south of the equator，it's often informally 1. referred to as “down under”.
Iconic sites and animals ◆The Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road. ◆The cute 2. koalas and kangaroos.
Different but yummy meals ◆The Sunday 3. roast. ◆Australian versions of 4. foods like the Chinese inspired dim sim.
The Aborigines ◆In Katherine，. a 5. town in Australia's Northern Territory. ◆The population might be small，but its 6. influence is still visible. ◆They are in close contact with 7. nature.
The didgeridoo ◆It is made from a tree branch which is 8. hollow. ◆Unlike a horn，there are no 9. finger holes. ◆The didgeridoo player has to change the 10. shape of his mouth in order to change pitch.
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)What do we know about the Sunday roast
The Sunday roast originated in England and was no doubt introduced in the very early days of the Australian life. Traditionally, this dish is made with beef but it is evident that Australians have made closer friends with the roast lamb, which has since become an Australian staple.
Nowadays, a lamb roast is more common than a beef roast and has become synonymous with many Australia Day celebrations and a sense of national pride.
(2)Why were the Aborigines in close contact with nature
The Aborigines were hunter-gatherers who grew no crops and did not domesticate animals, so they were directly dependent on their natural environment. They employed agricultural practices that were far too sophisticated to be characterized as hunting and gathering. The Aborigines, though nomadic, had a very strong sense of attachment to sites and areas in their home territory, where most of their hunting and gathering was done.
(3)What problems do the Aborigines face
Ever since the British first invaded, the Aborigines have had their land stolen from them or destroyed. Most is still to be returned today, and the loss of their land has had a devastating social and physical impact on the Aborigines.
The initial invasions also sparked huge waves of disease that killed thousands—many others were massacred. In just over one hundred years from the first invasion of their land, their numbers were reduced from up to an estimated one million to only 60, 000.
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Step 1 vocabulary
1. Each complaint is analysed very closely, and if it has no foundation(基础) it is refused.
2. Education is now a major political(政治的) issue.
3. The largest palace of the world, the Forbidden City, is located(位于) on the central axis of Beijing city.
4. Every month there is a joint (共同的) conference between the two departments.
5. He is one of the nation’s premier(最著名的) scientists.
6. He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow(中空的) cheeks.
7. Vibrations (振动) were felt hundreds of miles from the centre of the earthquake.
8. He raised his voice to an even higher pitch(音高).
9. He explained quite straightforwardly (坦率地) that there wasn’t enough work for us all.
10. “Power to the people” is their slogan(口号).
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. Pay attention to words, idioms, sentences and discourses, among which the most important is sentences.
阅读时关注字词、习语、句子和语段, 其中句子最为重要。
2. Located in the southwest of China, Yunnan has become the gateway from mainland of China to India and Southeast Asia.
云南地处中国西南边疆, 已成为中国从陆上通向印度和东南亚的门户。
3. The audience couldn’t wait to enter the gym where an important match would be held.
观众们迫不及待地想进体育馆, 那里将举行一场重要的比赛。
4. She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired.
她收到一盒巧克力糖和一封信, 信上说她被解雇了。
5. While breathing deeply, loosen up, and stretch your limbs out, you will feel relaxed a lot then.
深呼吸的同时, 放松身体, 伸展四肢, 你会感到放松很多。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根据下面提示, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 龙门石窟位于河南洛阳, 是中国石窟艺术的标志性符号。(located; iconic)
2. 龙门石窟的地基代表了中国石雕艺术的最高峰。(foundation)
3. 这些石窟与自然以及周围的环境密切相关。(in close contact with)
Located in Luoyang, Henan Province, the Longmen Grottoes are an iconic sign of Chinese grotto art. The foundation of the Longmen Grottoes represents the highest peak of Chinese stone carving art. These grottoes are in close contact with nature and their environment.
Step 4课文语法填空
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
I arrived in Australia on 1st October to visit my friend there. Australia,1. located(locate) to the south of the equator，is often informally referred to 2. as “down under”.
My first 3. impressions(impress) of Australia were all about food！Bakeries，fast-food joints，butcher shops，cafes and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. A lot of typical Australian food is 4. originally(origin) British. On the other hand，Asian cultures also have an influence on it.
In Katherine，we learned about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia. I learned to play 5. the local instrument—didgeridoo. I put my mouth on one end and blew while 6. vibrating(vibrate) my lips but failed. I 7. was convinced(convince) that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument.
After experiencing Australia，personally speaking,8. what I like most about Australia is the people 9. themselves(they). Their friendliness and 10. warmth(warm) made me feel at home wherever I went.
