7-3-2 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第四册英语
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 教师版
目 录
◆读前清障
课文词块，词汇英汉
◆ 课文释译
重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Reading and Thinking
◆阅读清障
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. ________ n. 故事；叙述
2. ________ n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3. ________ vi. & vt. (使)撤回；撤离
4. ________ n. 航道；海峡；频道
5. ________ n. 纽带；关系 vt. & vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. ________ vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→________ n. 扩大；延长
2. ________ vt. 商定；达成(协议) vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→________ n. 谈判；磋商；协商
3. ________ adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的→________ n. 王室成员；版税
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. ________________ n. 商人；批发商 adj. 海上货运的
2. fleet n. ________________
3. spice n. ________________
4. maritime adj. ________________
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. ________ sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
2. search ________ 寻找
3. ________ sail 起航；开航
4. lead ________ 导致；通向
5. ________ a league of one's own 独领风骚
6. ________ the command of. . . 在……的指挥下
7. in return ________ 作为……的报答
8. withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
9. continue ________ sth. 继续做某事
10. for the benefit ________ 为……的利益
11. ________ a scientific point of view从科学的角度看
12. ________ hand 在手头；可供使用
【答案】
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. tale 2. league 3. withdraw 4. channel 5. bond
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. extend extension 2. negotiate negotiation 3. royal royalty
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. merchant 2. 舰队；机群；车队 3. (调味)香料 4. 海的；海运的；海事的
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. inspire 2. for 3. set 4. to 5. in 6. under 7. for 8. from 9. to do 10. of 11. from 12. in
◆ 课文释译
词汇助读 原文 译文
①form the foundation of构成……的基础 ②early civilisations早期文明 ③tale n. 故事；叙述 ④search for寻找 ⑤merchants and explorers商人和探险家 ⑥set sail 起航；开航 ⑦find one's way找到路 ⑧become known as作为……而出名 ⑨extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长 ⑩centre around以……为中心 negotiate trade deals协调贸易问题 awareness of意识到 over the centuries几个世纪以来 develop relations with发展与……的关系 seven large fleets七支大型船队 behold vt. 看；看见 in a league of one's own独领风骚 under the command of在……的指挥下 African royal families非洲王室 in return作为报答 spice n. (调味)香料 withdraw from退出；撤回 channel n. 航道 reach out across the sea远渡重洋 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世纪海上丝绸之路 encourage cooperation and trade鼓励开展合作和贸易 strengthen the bonds加强联系 in years to come在未来几年 invest billions投资数十亿 for the benefit of为……的利益 cultural exchange文化交流 many other places left很多其他剩余的地方 expeditions to explore the Arctic北极探险活动 from a scientific point of view从科学的角度来看 with the latest technology in hand掌握最新技术 enhance relationships加强关系 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of① mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world(1) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations②. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for④ sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers⑤ from the East set sail⑥ from east to west many years before Columbus first did(2). (1)不定式短语作主语。 (2)before引导时间状语从句。 In ancient times，silk from China found its way⑦ overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as⑧ the Silk Road(3). A trading route across the sea was also extended⑨ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around⑩ Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures(4). Over the centuries ，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (3)what引导宾语从句。 (4)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold，silk，and spices . Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433(5)，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. (5)although引导让步状语从句。 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road ，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative(6). (6)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。 The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come . China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange (7). (7) which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times(8)，there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic . From a scientific point of view ，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (8)although引导让步状语从句。 Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand ，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 跨海越洋 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前的许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索増多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。 后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队西渡重洋，开展贸易和探索。这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海海口，然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。随着作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出，郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和所航行的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
Activity 1 Fast-reading for main ideas
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other
countries.
Para. 2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para. 3 C. In ancient times，travel from east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para. 4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para. 5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and
strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para. 6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
答案 Paras. 1－6 B C D E F A
2. What’s the main idea of the passage
The text mainly talks about sea exploration in the past and now. As time goes by，China will continue to reach out across the sea in order to strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
3. Structure of the passage.
Part 1 (1)Para. 1 The reasons to explore other places.
Part 2 (2)Paras. 2－3 The sea exploration in ancient China.
Part 3 (3)Paras. 4－5 The sea exploration in today’s China.
Part 4 (4)Para. 6 The exploration in the future.
4. How is the passage developed
A. By comparison.
B. By following the order of time.
C. By listing examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
答案 B
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。句中to negotiate trade deals是动词不定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
[自主翻译] 在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。句中travelled by Zheng He是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰The ancient sea routes；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。
[自主翻译] 作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句；left意为“剩余的，剩下的”，常作后置定语。
[自主翻译] 尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。
4. From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
[句式分析] 此句是简单句。句中含有“there is an urgent need to do sth. ”句型，意为“迫切需要做某事”；in order to understand climate change and its effects作目的状语。
[自主翻译] 从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
5. Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
[句式分析] 此句是简单句。句中with the latest technology in hand是with的复合结构作状语；to trade 和to enhance relationships 是两个动词不定式作后置定语，分别修饰the need和the desire。
[自主翻译] 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Where did people meet to do business
A. Ceylon. B. India.
C. Rome. D. China.
2. Which word can be used to describe Zheng He’s fleet
A. Impressive. B. Worrisome.
C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.
3. Where did China explore with other countries
A. The Red Sea.
B. The Arctic.
C. The South China Sea.
D. The east coast of Africa.
4. Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative
A. To begin a trading route on the ocean.
B. To make business with neighboring countries.
C. To spread the culture of China to other countries.
D. To strengthen the relationship between China and other countries.
答案: 1～4. AABD
Step 5. 读后续写微技能
概要写作微技能——确定段落主旨句
A. 阅读课文中的段落主旨句
1. Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. (Paragraph 1)
2. A trading route across the sea，centred around Ceylon，allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China. (Paragraph 2)
3. The Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. (Paragraph 3)
B. 判断下面哪个不是段落主旨句
1. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. (Paragraph 4)
2. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. (Paragraph 6)
3. China will reach out across the sea far into the future. (paragraph 7)
[答案] 2
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
The world the (1)Europeans from west to east
merchants and explorers from east to west
China
In ancient times The way The (2)route
The (3)Silk Road by land from China to India, the Middle East, and Rome
A (4)trading route across the sea To the Indian Ocean, center on (5)Ceylon.
The (6)Ming Dynasty Zheng He led seven large fleets. From the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of (7)the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa
Today The 21st Century (8)Maritime Silk Road Its aim To strengthen the (9)bonds
To encourage cooperation and trade
Explore other places, like (10)the Arctic
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)How Did Marco Polo change the world
Marco Polo changed the world by writing a book about his travels from Venice to the court of Kublai Khan in China. His account of his journeys inspired other adventurers, such as the explorer Christopher Columbus, who always carried a copy of Polo’s book. Maps he brought back helped to develop European cartography, and he introduced Europe to Chinese innovations such as paper money, coal, eyeglasses and a postal service.
(2)What is “Belt and Road Initiative”
China’s “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is a planned multitrillion-dollar infrastructure program that is intended to link China with more than 100 countries through railroad, shipping and energy projects.
The BRI will recreate the Silk Road, an old network of trading routes between the East and the West, by investing large sums of money into other countries to build such infrastructure projects.
The “belt” will consist of land routes connecting economies in Asia, Europe, Africa and Europe. The “road” —while not actually a road — will connect various ocean routes through these areas.
(3)Why and how do scientists study the Arctic
Today, scientists study the Arctic to learn more about how climate and weather are changing. They investigate how Arctic climate and weather interact with the rest of the world, and are working to understand how climate change will affect the region. To study the Arctic, researchers sometimes travel to the field to conduct experiments or make observations. They study the properties of snow and sea ice, digging snow pits to examine the properties of snow, or measuring the thickness of sea ice by hand to determine how the ice cover is changing. Researchers also study the frozen ground and permafrost that covers much of the Arctic lands. And biologists research the unique plants and animals that live in the Arctic.
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Step 1 vocabulary
1. She invented a tale (故事) about missing the bus to explain her lateness.
2. Any knowledgeable wine merchant (商人) would be able to advise you.
3. The path extends (延长) beyond the end of the road.
4. His publishing house just began negotiating (商定) for her next book.
5. We beheld (看见) a beautiful vista before us.
6. Their record sales would put them in the same league (水平) as The Rolling Stones.
7. Once in court, he withdrew (撤回) the statement he’d made to the police.
8. The boats all have to pass through this narrow channel (航道).
9. Make sure you visit the maritime (海事的) museum if you’re interested in anything to do with ships or seafaring.
10. In societies with strong family bonds (纽带), people tend to live longer.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. The new charity will be giving away $55 million a year, putting it in the same league as other well-known charities.
这家新的慈善机构每年将捐赠5 500万美元, 与其他知名慈善机构并驾齐驱。
2. A thousand boats set sail on a long stretch of the river.
百里江面, 千帆竞发。
3. She always had a great deal of work in hand, but no one ever heard her complain.
她手头总有许多工作要做, 但从没有人听到她抱怨。
4. Most older people do not withdraw from society.
大多数的老年人并没有退出社会生活的圈子。
5. Perhaps you need to negotiate with your boss to shift your responsibilities.
也许你需要和老板沟通, 调整你的工作职责。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根据下面提示, 用本单元词汇和句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 有一个古老的传说, 是关于一个商人登上一艘在清晨起航的船队的。(tale, merchant, set sail)
2. 这个商人去印度做生意买香料。(spice)
3. 在返航途中, 他与一些水手组成联盟, 抢劫其他商人的货物, 并与这些水手商议如何分配所得。(negotiate)
4. 但最终, 他们的尝试失败了。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
There was an ancient tale about how a merchant went aboard a fleet of ship that set sail on an early morning. He went to do business to buy spices in India. During the voyage to return to his home, he was in league with some sailors to rob other merchants’ goods and he negotiated with these sailors on how to divide what they got. But in the end, their attempt failed completely.
Step 4课文语法填空
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1. foundation(found) of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers 2. to search(search) for sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3. did(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4. centred(centre) around Ceylon.
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China. Seven large 5. fleets(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7. a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,8. which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has joined 9. its(it) friends across the sea on some important projects. With the latest technology in hand，the need to trade 10. and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.7-3-2 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第四册英语
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 学生版
目 录
◆读前清障
课文词块，词汇英汉
◆ 课文释译
重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Reading and Thinking
◆阅读清障
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. ________ n. 故事；叙述
2. ________ n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3. ________ vi. & vt. (使)撤回；撤离
4. ________ n. 航道；海峡；频道
5. ________ n. 纽带；关系 vt. & vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. ________ vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→________ n. 扩大；延长
2. ________ vt. 商定；达成(协议) vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→________ n. 谈判；磋商；协商
3. ________ adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的→________ n. 王室成员；版税
Ⅲ. 阅读词汇
1. ________________ n. 商人；批发商 adj. 海上货运的
2. fleet n. ________________
3. spice n. ________________
4. maritime adj. ________________
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. ________ sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
2. search ________ 寻找
3. ________ sail 起航；开航
4. lead ________ 导致；通向
5. ________ a league of one's own 独领风骚
6. ________ the command of. . . 在……的指挥下
7. in return ________ 作为……的报答
8. withdraw ________ 退出；撤回
9. continue ________ sth. 继续做某事
10. for the benefit ________ 为……的利益
11. ________ a scientific point of view从科学的角度看
12. ________ hand 在手头；可供使用
◆ 课文释译
词汇助读 原文 译文
①form the foundation of构成……的基础 ②early civilisations早期文明 ③tale n. 故事；叙述 ④search for寻找 ⑤merchants and explorers商人和探险家 ⑥set sail 起航；开航 ⑦find one's way找到路 ⑧become known as作为……而出名 ⑨extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长 ⑩centre around以……为中心 negotiate trade deals协调贸易问题 awareness of意识到 over the centuries几个世纪以来 develop relations with发展与……的关系 seven large fleets七支大型船队 behold vt. 看；看见 in a league of one's own独领风骚 under the command of在……的指挥下 African royal families非洲王室 in return作为报答 spice n. (调味)香料 withdraw from退出；撤回 channel n. 航道 reach out across the sea远渡重洋 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世纪海上丝绸之路 encourage cooperation and trade鼓励开展合作和贸易 strengthen the bonds加强联系 in years to come在未来几年 invest billions投资数十亿 for the benefit of为……的利益 cultural exchange文化交流 many other places left很多其他剩余的地方 expeditions to explore the Arctic北极探险活动 from a scientific point of view从科学的角度来看 with the latest technology in hand掌握最新技术 enhance relationships加强关系 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of① mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world(1) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations②. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for④ sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers⑤ from the East set sail⑥ from east to west many years before Columbus first did(2). (1)不定式短语作主语。 (2)before引导时间状语从句。 In ancient times，silk from China found its way⑦ overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as⑧ the Silk Road(3). A trading route across the sea was also extended⑨ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around⑩ Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures(4). Over the centuries ，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. (3)what引导宾语从句。 (4)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold，silk，and spices . Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433(5)，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. (5)although引导让步状语从句。 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road ，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative(6). (6)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。 The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come . China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange (7). (7) which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times(8)，there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic . From a scientific point of view ，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. (8)although引导让步状语从句。 Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand ，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 跨海越洋 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前的许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索増多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。 后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队西渡重洋，开展贸易和探索。这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海海口，然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。随着作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出，郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和所航行的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。
理解探究
SKIMMING 整体理解 文本宏观框架
Activity 1 Fast-reading for main ideas
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other
countries.
Para. 2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para. 3 C. In ancient times，travel from east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para. 4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para. 5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and
strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para. 6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
2. What’s the main idea of the passage
The text mainly talks about sea exploration in the past and now. As time goes by，China will continue to reach out across the sea in order to strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
3. Structure of the passage.
Part 1 (1)_______________ The reasons to explore other places.
Part 2 (2)_______________ The sea exploration in ancient China.
Part 3 (3)_______________ The sea exploration in today’s China.
Part 4 (4)_______________ The exploration in the future.
4. How is the passage developed
A. By comparison.
B. By following the order of time.
C. By listing examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
SCANNING 细节探究 文本微观剖析
Step 3. Analyze the complex sentences
1. Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________句。句中to negotiate trade deals是动词不定式短语作_______________；which引导_______________从句。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________句。句中travelled by Zheng He是过去分词短语作_______________，修饰_______________；which引导_______________从句，修饰先行词_______________。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________句。句中Although引导_______________；left意为“_______________”，常作后置定语。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________句。句中含有“there is an urgent need to do sth. ”句型，意为“_______________”；in order to understand climate change and its effects作_______________。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
[句式分析] 此句是_______________。句中with the latest technology in hand是_______________结构作状语；to trade 和to enhance relationships 是两个动词不定式作_______________，分别修饰_______________和_______________。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Step 4. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Where did people meet to do business
A. Ceylon. B. India.
C. Rome. D. China.
2. Which word can be used to describe Zheng He’s fleet
A. Impressive. B. Worrisome.
C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.
3. Where did China explore with other countries
A. The Red Sea.
B. The Arctic.
C. The South China Sea.
D. The east coast of Africa.
4. Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative
A. To begin a trading route on the ocean.
B. To make business with neighboring countries.
C. To spread the culture of China to other countries.
D. To strengthen the relationship between China and other countries.
Step 5. 读后续写微技能
概要写作微技能——确定段落主旨句
A. 阅读课文中的段落主旨句
1. Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. (Paragraph 1)
2. A trading route across the sea，centred around Ceylon，allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China. (Paragraph 2)
3. The Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. (Paragraph 3)
B. 判断下面哪个不是段落主旨句
1. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. (Paragraph 4)
2. In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. (Paragraph 6)
3. China will reach out across the sea far into the future. (paragraph 7)
REREADING 主题实践 阅读思维升华
Step 6. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
The world the (1)_______________ from west to east
merchants and explorers from east to west
China
In ancient times The way The (2)_______________
The (3)_______________ Road by land from China to India, the Middle East, and Rome
A (4)_______________ route across the sea To the Indian Ocean, center on (5)_______________.
The (6)_______________ Dynasty Zheng He led seven large fleets. From the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of (7)_______________, and then to the east coast of Africa
Today The 21st Century (8)_______________ Silk Road Its aim To strengthen the (9)_______________
To encourage cooperation and trade
Explore other places, like (10)_______________
Step 7. Reread the passage and answer the following questions.
(1)How Did Marco Polo change the world
(2)What is “Belt and Road Initiative”
(3)Why and how do scientists study the Arctic
RETELLING 整体掌握 文本知识浓缩
Step 1 vocabulary
1. She invented a _______________ (故事) about missing the bus to explain her lateness.
2. Any knowledgeable wine _______________ (商人) would be able to advise you.
3. The path _______________ (延长) beyond the end of the road.
4. His publishing house just began _______________ (商定) for her next book.
5. We _______________ (看见) a beautiful vista before us.
6. Their record sales would put them in the same _______________ (水平) as The Rolling Stones.
7. Once in court, he _______________ (撤回) the statement he’d made to the police.
8. The boats all have to pass through this narrow _______________ (航道).
9. Make sure you visit the _______________ (海事的) museum if you’re interested in anything to do with ships or seafaring.
10. In societies with strong family _______________ (纽带), people tend to live longer.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. The new charity will be giving away $55 million a year, _______________
这家新的慈善机构每年将捐赠5 500万美元, 与其他知名慈善机构并驾齐驱。
2. A thousand boats _______________.
百里江面, 千帆竞发。
3. She _______________, but no one ever heard her complain.
她手头总有许多工作要做, 但从没有人听到她抱怨。
4. Most older people _______________.
大多数的老年人并没有退出社会生活的圈子。
5. Perhaps _______________ to shift your responsibilities.
也许你需要和老板沟通, 调整你的工作职责。
Step 3 Summary Writing
根据下面提示, 用本单元词汇和句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 有一个古老的传说, 是关于一个商人登上一艘在清晨起航的船队的。(tale, merchant, set sail)
2. 这个商人去印度做生意买香料。(spice)
3. 在返航途中, 他与一些水手组成联盟, 抢劫其他商人的货物, 并与这些水手商议如何分配所得。(negotiate)
4. 但最终, 他们的尝试失败了。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Step 4课文语法填空
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1. _______________(found) of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers 2. _______________(search) for sea routes from west to east. However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3. _______________(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4. _______________(centre) around Ceylon.
Later，the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China. Seven large 5. _______________(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6. _______________ the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7. _______________ strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,8. _______________ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has joined 9. _______________(it) friends across the sea on some important projects. With the latest technology in hand，the need to trade 10. _______________ the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
