4-5-4 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第一册英语
Unit 5 Using Language（1） 整体掌握 小阅读学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 教师版
Using Language
◆ 读前清障 词汇再现
◆ 课文翻译 疏通理解
◆ 课文助读 要点直击
◆ 读前清障 词汇再现
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1. the ________ industry 化学工业
2. ________ farming 有机耕作
3. enjoy ________ respect 受到广泛尊重
4. need time to ________ information 需要一些时间来消化信息
5. Experience is ________ for this job. 对于这个工作， 经验是非常重要的。
6. ________ energy 替代能源
7. cover all ________ of city life 涵盖城市生活的各个方面
8. the ________ of the problem 问题的根源
9. a bottle of ________ water 一瓶矿泉水
10. chemical ________ 化学农药
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
根据语境写出相应的派生词
1. ①provide ________ for you 为你提供营养
②________ food 营养食品
2. ①at a ________ of 30 metres 在30米深处
②take a ________ breath 深深地吸了一口气
3. ①an ________ different matter 一件完全不同的事情
②the ________ village 整个村庄
Ⅲ. 重点短语
1. ____________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
2. ____________ 例如；比如
3. ____________ 做笔记
4. ____________ 对……造成损害
5. ____________ 至于
6. ____________ 关注
7. ____________ 富于；有丰富的……
8. ____________ 免受(影响、伤害等)
9. ____________ 随着时间的推移
10. ____________ 转向有机食品
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. chemical 2.organic 3.widespread 4.digest 5.essential 6.alternative 7.aspects 8.root 9.mineral 10.pesticide
Ⅱ. 1. nutrition; nutritious 2. depth; deep 3. entirely; entire
Ⅲ. 1. in turn 2.for instance 3.take notes 4.do damage to 5.as for 6.focus on 7.be rich in 8.free of 9.over time 10.turn to organic food
◆ 课文翻译 疏通理解
读文清障 原文呈现 课文翻译
①chemical/'kem kl/adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n. 化学制品；化学品 ②organic/ 'ɡ n k/adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 ③pesticide/'pest sa d/n.杀虫剂；除害药物 ④widespread/'wa dspred/adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 ⑤over time 随着时间的推移 ⑥bacterium/b k't ri m/n.(pl.-ria/-ri /)细菌 ⑦not only...but (also). ..不仅……而且……(连接并列成分) ⑧in addition 另外，此外 in addition to 除……之外(还有，也) ⑨in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 ⑩digest/da 'd est/vt.&vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 DDT n. 滴滴涕(旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂) as for 至于，关于 too...to... 太……而不能…… nutrition/nju'tr n/n.营养；滋养 essential/ 'sen l/adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 be essential to/for 对……来说必不可少 mineral/'m n r l/n.矿物；矿物质 flavour(NAmE-vor) /'fle v /n.味道；特点；特色 as well 也，又，同样 alternative/ l't n t v/ n. 可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 switch to 转变；转向 switch off (用开关)关掉；切断(电源) turn to 转向；求助于；致力于 grocery/'ɡr s ri/n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 focus on 关注；聚焦于 free of 无……的；摆脱了 means n. 手段；方法 instance/' nst ns/n.例子；实例；事例 for instance 例如；比如 wheat/wi t/n.小麦；小麦籽 batch/b t /n.一批 a batch of 一批 diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的 depth/depθ/n.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) root/ru t/n.根；根茎；根部；根源 entirely/ n'ta li/adv.全部地；完整地；完全地 entire adj.全部的；整个的，完全的 serve the demand 满足要求 nowhere near 远不及；离……很远 meet the need 满足要求 sufficient adj.足够的；充分的 CHEMICAL①VERSUS ORGANIC②FARMING Chemical pesticides③ and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread④ use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. 1Over time⑤， however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health. For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria⑥ and insects, but also⑦ helpful ones.In addition⑧， these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn⑨， the animals and humans who digest⑩ them.Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition .They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals ， and they often have less flavour as well . As an alternative ， some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery .Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means .For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.For instance , they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. 2Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots . 3The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health. Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely . 4What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need . 5Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. 化学耕作和有机耕作 自20世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工化肥在农业中得到了广泛使用。当它们第一次被引进时，许多农民欢迎它们作为一种对抗作物病害和增加产量的好方法。1.然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用它们有时会损害土地和人们的健康。 例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还可以杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。此外，这些化学物质会在土壤和地下水源中长期存在。这影响到在土地上生长的作物，进而影响到消化它们的动物和人类。许多人担心这些化学物质会使他们生病甚至致癌。事实上，像滴滴涕这样的杀虫剂在大多数国家已经被禁止了，因为它们对人类和环境造成了破坏。至于化肥，通常施了化肥的农作物生长得太快，无法提供丰富的营养。它们可能外表看起来很漂亮，但里面的水通常比必需的矿物质多，而且味道也不太好。 作为一种选择，一些农民转向有机农业，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时转向有机食品。有机农业就是不使用任何化学物质的简单农业。有机农场主注重通过自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。例如，许多有机农场主使用来自动物的天然粪便作为肥料。这使得他们地里的土壤矿物质更丰富。它还使空气、土壤、水和农作物不受化学物质的污染。 有机农场主也使用许多其他方法来使土壤肥沃。他们经常每年改变每一块地的作物种类。例如，他们可能一年在一块地里种玉米或小麦，第二年在那里种豆子。2.种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质释放回土壤，使其为下一批作物生长做好准备。有机农场主还种植多种作物，利用不同深度的土壤来帮助保持土壤肥沃。例如，花生长在地面上，但许多其他蔬菜扎根很深。3.使用不同的有机耕作方法的目的是种植好的食物，同时避免对环境或人的健康造成损害。 有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。4.阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。有机农业远不能满足那样的需求。5.因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人们的餐桌上有足够的食物，同时保持人们和环境尽可能地健康仍然有很长的路要走。
◆ 课文助读 要点直击
Step 1 skimming: 文本整体理解：关注布局谋篇
Task 1: Warming up
What ways can you think of to increase our crop harvest
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
答案不唯一，合理即可。
Step 2 Scanning: 文本整体理解：关注布局谋篇
Task 1 Choose the best answer.
Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
( )1．Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming
A．It can fight crop disease and increase production.
B．It doesn't harm the land or people's health.
C．It can help produce rich soil.
D．It's not expensive.
( )2．What concerns many people about the use of pesticides
A．Pesticides can damage the land.
B．Chemicals can stay in the soil for a long time.
C．Pesticides can kill harmful bacteria and insects.
D．Chemicals may make people ill and even cause cancer.
( )3．Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in each field every year
A．It helps put important minerals back into the ground.
B．It can avoid damage to the environment.
C．It can help increase output.
D．The writer doesn't tell us.
( )4．Why can't we stop the use of man made chemicals in agriculture entirely
A．Organic farming costs us a lot of money.
B．Organic farming can meet people's need.
C．Chemical farming has brought us huge profit.
D．Chemical farming helps serve the need for food.
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D
【学结构】
Part 1(Para.1 & Para.2) The (1) _________________ with chemical farming.
Part 2(Para.3) What organic farming is.
Part 3( Para.4) Organic (2) _________________ for producing rich soil.
Part 4(Para.5) _________________ man made chemicals are still used in farming.
【答案】
problems
methods
Why
【学技巧】
本文用了多种写作手法。第一、二段摆事实、讲道理，说明了化学耕作存在的问题。第三段下定义，告诉我们什么是有机农业。第四段举例子，列举了有机农业种植如何保持土壤肥沃的方法。
【学语言之重点句型】
1. [句型]现在分词短语作状语
[教材]Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, ________________________________________.
种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植下一批作物。
2. [句型]状语从句的省略
[教材]The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food ________________ ______ the environment or to people's health.
使用不同的有机耕作方法的目的是种植好的粮食，避免损害环境或者人们的健康。
3. [句型]that引导的同位语从句
[教材]What keeps them from doing so is the fact _____________________________________________ _________________________.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。
4. [句型]keep sb./sth.＋adj.(宾补) 意为“使某人/某物……”
[教材]Organic farmers focus on ________________________ and free of disease through natural means. 有机农民注重通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无病害。
【答案】
1. making it ready for the next batch of crops
2. while avoiding damage to
3. that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world
4. keeping their soil rich4-5-4 2024-2025学年高二选择性必修第一册英语
Unit 5 Using Language（1） 整体掌握 小阅读学案
人教版英语24字整体教学 教师版
Using Language
◆ 读前清障 词汇再现
◆ 课文翻译 疏通理解
◆ 课文助读 要点直击
◆ 读前清障 词汇再现
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1. the ________ industry 化学工业
2. ________ farming 有机耕作
3. enjoy ________ respect 受到广泛尊重
4. need time to ________ information 需要一些时间来消化信息
5. Experience is ________ for this job. 对于这个工作， 经验是非常重要的。
6. ________ energy 替代能源
7. cover all ________ of city life 涵盖城市生活的各个方面
8. the ________ of the problem 问题的根源
9. a bottle of ________ water 一瓶矿泉水
10. chemical ________ 化学农药
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
根据语境写出相应的派生词
1. ①provide ________ for you 为你提供营养
②________ food 营养食品
2. ①at a ________ of 30 metres 在30米深处
②take a ________ breath 深深地吸了一口气
3. ①an ________ different matter 一件完全不同的事情
②the ________ village 整个村庄
Ⅲ. 重点短语
1. ____________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
2. ____________ 例如；比如
3. ____________ 做笔记
4. ____________ 对……造成损害
5. ____________ 至于
6. ____________ 关注
7. ____________ 富于；有丰富的……
8. ____________ 免受(影响、伤害等)
9. ____________ 随着时间的推移
10. ____________ 转向有机食品
◆ 课文翻译 疏通理解
读文清障 原文呈现 课文翻译
①chemical/'kem kl/adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n. 化学制品；化学品 ②organic/ 'ɡ n k/adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 ③pesticide/'pest sa d/n.杀虫剂；除害药物 ④widespread/'wa dspred/adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 ⑤over time 随着时间的推移 ⑥bacterium/b k't ri m/n.(pl.-ria/-ri /)细菌 ⑦not only...but (also). ..不仅……而且……(连接并列成分) ⑧in addition 另外，此外 in addition to 除……之外(还有，也) ⑨in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 ⑩digest/da 'd est/vt.&vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 DDT n. 滴滴涕(旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂) as for 至于，关于 too...to... 太……而不能…… nutrition/nju'tr n/n.营养；滋养 essential/ 'sen l/adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 be essential to/for 对……来说必不可少 mineral/'m n r l/n.矿物；矿物质 flavour(NAmE-vor) /'fle v /n.味道；特点；特色 as well 也，又，同样 alternative/ l't n t v/ n. 可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 switch to 转变；转向 switch off (用开关)关掉；切断(电源) turn to 转向；求助于；致力于 grocery/'ɡr s ri/n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 focus on 关注；聚焦于 free of 无……的；摆脱了 means n. 手段；方法 instance/' nst ns/n.例子；实例；事例 for instance 例如；比如 wheat/wi t/n.小麦；小麦籽 batch/b t /n.一批 a batch of 一批 diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的 depth/depθ/n.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) root/ru t/n.根；根茎；根部；根源 entirely/ n'ta li/adv.全部地；完整地；完全地 entire adj.全部的；整个的，完全的 serve the demand 满足要求 nowhere near 远不及；离……很远 meet the need 满足要求 sufficient adj.足够的；充分的 CHEMICAL①VERSUS ORGANIC②FARMING Chemical pesticides③ and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread④ use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. 1Over time⑤， however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health. For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria⑥ and insects, but also⑦ helpful ones.In addition⑧， these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn⑨， the animals and humans who digest⑩ them.Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition .They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals ， and they often have less flavour as well . As an alternative ， some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery .Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means .For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.For instance , they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. 2Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots . 3The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health. Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely . 4What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need . 5Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. 化学耕作和有机耕作 自20世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工化肥在农业中得到了广泛使用。当它们第一次被引进时，许多农民欢迎它们作为一种对抗作物病害和增加产量的好方法。1.然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用它们有时会损害土地和人们的健康。 例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还可以杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。此外，这些化学物质会在土壤和地下水源中长期存在。这影响到在土地上生长的作物，进而影响到消化它们的动物和人类。许多人担心这些化学物质会使他们生病甚至致癌。事实上，像滴滴涕这样的杀虫剂在大多数国家已经被禁止了，因为它们对人类和环境造成了破坏。至于化肥，通常施了化肥的农作物生长得太快，无法提供丰富的营养。它们可能外表看起来很漂亮，但里面的水通常比必需的矿物质多，而且味道也不太好。 作为一种选择，一些农民转向有机农业，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时转向有机食品。有机农业就是不使用任何化学物质的简单农业。有机农场主注重通过自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。例如，许多有机农场主使用来自动物的天然粪便作为肥料。这使得他们地里的土壤矿物质更丰富。它还使空气、土壤、水和农作物不受化学物质的污染。 有机农场主也使用许多其他方法来使土壤肥沃。他们经常每年改变每一块地的作物种类。例如，他们可能一年在一块地里种玉米或小麦，第二年在那里种豆子。2.种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质释放回土壤，使其为下一批作物生长做好准备。有机农场主还种植多种作物，利用不同深度的土壤来帮助保持土壤肥沃。例如，花生长在地面上，但许多其他蔬菜扎根很深。3.使用不同的有机耕作方法的目的是种植好的食物，同时避免对环境或人的健康造成损害。 有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。4.阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。有机农业远不能满足那样的需求。5.因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人们的餐桌上有足够的食物，同时保持人们和环境尽可能地健康仍然有很长的路要走。
◆ 课文助读 要点直击
Step 1 skimming: 文本整体理解：关注布局谋篇
Task 1: Warming up
What ways can you think of to increase our crop harvest
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2 Scanning: 文本整体理解：关注布局谋篇
Task 1 Choose the best answer.
Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
( )1．Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming
A．It can fight crop disease and increase production.
B．It doesn't harm the land or people's health.
C．It can help produce rich soil.
D．It's not expensive.
( )2．What concerns many people about the use of pesticides
A．Pesticides can damage the land.
B．Chemicals can stay in the soil for a long time.
C．Pesticides can kill harmful bacteria and insects.
D．Chemicals may make people ill and even cause cancer.
( )3．Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in each field every year
A．It helps put important minerals back into the ground.
B．It can avoid damage to the environment.
C．It can help increase output.
D．The writer doesn't tell us.
( )4．Why can't we stop the use of man made chemicals in agriculture entirely
A．Organic farming costs us a lot of money.
B．Organic farming can meet people's need.
C．Chemical farming has brought us huge profit.
D．Chemical farming helps serve the need for food.
【学结构】
Part 1(Para.1 & Para.2) The (1) _________________ with chemical farming.
Part 2(Para.3) What organic farming is.
Part 3( Para.4) Organic (2) _________________ for producing rich soil.
Part 4(Para.5) _________________ man made chemicals are still used in farming.
【学技巧】
本文用了多种写作手法。第一、二段摆事实、讲道理，说明了化学耕作存在的问题。第三段下定义，告诉我们什么是有机农业。第四段举例子，列举了有机农业种植如何保持土壤肥沃的方法。
【学语言之重点句型】
1. [句型]现在分词短语作状语
[教材]Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, ________________________________________.
种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植下一批作物。
2. [句型]状语从句的省略
[教材]The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food ________________ ______ the environment or to people's health.
使用不同的有机耕作方法的目的是种植好的粮食，避免损害环境或者人们的健康。
3. [句型]that引导的同位语从句
[教材]What keeps them from doing so is the fact _____________________________________________ _________________________.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。
4. [句型]keep sb./sth.＋adj.(宾补) 意为“使某人/某物……”
[教材]Organic farmers focus on ________________________ and free of disease through natural means. 有机农民注重通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和无病害。
