沪教8下unit 4重难点考点汇总
基础知识定位
单词 cartoon n.动画片;warning n.警告;role-play v,角色扮演;symbol n.符号;thought n.心思;program n.程序;record v.录制;basic adj.基础的;stage n.步骤;段;pleasant adj.友好的;和善的;appear v.似乎;显得;actor n.演员match v.与...匹配;separately adv.单独地;play v.播放;score v.得分;team n.队;star n.明星;island n.岛;storm n.暴风雨;jacket n.夹克衫;wave n.海浪
短语 comic strip连环漫画;pop out睁大;decide on决定;video camera摄像机;play against同......比赛;weather forecast天气预报;life jacket救生衣;thank goodness谢天谢地;make it获得成功
口语表达 学习提出警告 分角色表演恐龙宝宝的故事
写作 为一个连环漫画写文字
语法 情态动词的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态
Reading
1.Frist, you need to decide on some basic ideas for a story.(改课文,把Frist改为First)
to decide on some basic ideas for a story是动词不定式结构,作need的宾语。其中:
need在此作及物动词,意为“需要”,接动词不定式表示“需要做某事”。
decide on是“不及物动词+介词”类型的短语,在此意为“选定;决定”,用法如下:
可接表示“事物”的名词作宾语。
In the end, he decided on the yellow sweater.
最后,他决定买那件黄色的毛衣。
2)接动名词作宾语时表示“决定做某事”。
I decide on studying hard.我决定努力学习。
知识拓展:decide的其它用法
1)作及物动词时可接名词、代词、宾语从句、“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,但不能接动名词作宾语。
We can’t decide anything now.现在我们什么也不能决定。
You can decide what you want to buy.你可以决定你想要买什么。
How do I decide which to install 我怎么判断该装哪种?
2)decide的名词为decision,构成make a decision to do sth结构,表示“决定做某事”。
I make a decision to learn English well.学生们都下定决心要学好英语。
(3)basic是形容词,意为“基础的”,作定语修饰ideas。其副词形式是basically,意为“基本上”。
basic information基本资料
The situation is basically sound. 情况基本上是健康的。
2.One day,Han meets his friends Sarah and Tim at the underground station.
(1)one day意为“一天”,在此与一般现在时连用。one day还可与一般将来时、一般过去时连用。
I think I can make progress one day.我想有一天我会取得进步。
You will make big mistakes one day.总有一天你会犯大错误的。
One day I saw him in a shop.一天,我在商店看见了他。
at the underground station是介词短语作地点状语。underground是英式英语,意为“地铁”,对应的美式英语是subway。
In the second stage,think about the kinds of characters you want and what they will look like.
该句含有定语从句和宾语从句。
you want是省略关系代词that的定语从句,修饰先行词characters。由于关系代词that在该从句中作want的宾语,因此可以省略。它在定语从句中作主语时则不能省略。又由于先行词意为“角色”,既可指人,也可指事物,因此如果带上关系代词,最好用that。
The bag that lies on the floor is mine.
地上的那个书包是我的。(that在从句中作主语,不能省略)
The man(that)I talk with is my uncle.
那个和我交谈的男人是我的叔叔。(that在从句中作宾语,不能省略)
what they will look like是what引导的名词性从句,作think about的宾语。what在此意为“什么”,在该从句中作介词like的宾语。
Can you tell me what he looks like?你能告诉我他长什么样吗?
Sarah is a pleasant girl.
pleasant是形容词,在此意为“友好的;和善的”,作定语修饰girl。
I think Mr Green is a pleasant teacher.我觉得格林先生是一个和善的老师。
知识拓展:pleasant还可意为“高兴的;愉快的”,一般指天气、时间、旅行等事物令人感到高兴、愉快和舒服。
What pleasant weather it is today!今天的天气多好啊!
To make the character and things appear to move, each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.
to make......move是动词不定式短语,作目的状语,表示“为了……”。
由于目的状语置于句首,要用逗号将其与后面内容隔开。
该目的状语中用了“make sth. do结构。 make是使役动词,意为“使得”,appear to move作它的宾语补足语,是the characters and things发出的动作。
appear to move用的是appear to do结构,表示“似乎做某事”。appear是连系动词,在此意为“似乎;好像”,与seem同义。
You appear to have traveled a lot.看来你似乎经常旅游。
知识归纳:appear作连系动词时还可接名词性从句、形容词、名词作表语。
He appears happy.他似乎很开心。
It appears a true story.这看来是个真实的故事。
It appears that the plane did not land in Rome.
看来飞机没有在罗马着陆。(it指某种情况)
知识拓展:appear的其它用法
作不及物动词,意为“出现”,反义词是disappear,意为“消失”。
A woman suddenly appears in the doorway.
一个女人蓦地出现在门口。
They watched the train till it disappeared from sight.
他们望着火车,直到它消失。
2)作不及物动词,意为“给人印象”。
You may be under a lot of pressure, at least in the way you appear to others.
你可能压力很大,至少你给别人的印象如此。
在each picture...... it中:
1)each为形容词,意为“每个的”,作定语修饰单数可数名词picture,此时谓语要用单数形式。
Each room seats fifty students.每个房间坐50个学生。
should be made是情态动词should的被动语态结构,由“should be +过去分词”构成,表示“应该被做”(made在此是使役动词make的过去分词)。
We think that Jim should be dismissed.我们认为吉姆应该被开除。
a little在此意为“稍微”,作程度状语修饰形容词短语different from the one,可与a bit/a little bit互换。
This is a little bit/a bit difficult for me.这对我来说有点难。
a little different from the one是形容词短语作主语补足语,对each picture作补充说明。
before it是介词短语作后置定语修饰the one(it指代each picture)。
妙辨异同:every与each的异同点
相同点:each和every都可意为“每个的”,都可作形容词修饰单数名词,谓语都用单数。
Every student goes to the museum.每个学生都去博物馆。
不同点:
1)each强调个体,可作形容词、代词(意为“各自”,作主语、宾语、同位语)和副词(意为“各自地”;every强调整体,只作形容词。
Two boy enter.Each carries a bag.
两个男孩进来了。每个都拿着书包。(作主语时谓语用单数)
We each have our own offices.
我们每个人都有各自的办公室。(放在复数名词/复数代词后作同位语,谓语要用复数)
He gives two books to each.他给了每个人两本书。(作介词to的宾语)
Give them two books each.给他们每个人两本书。(each做副词)
2)谈到两个或两个以上的人或事物用each;谈到三个及其以上的人或事物用every。
There is a line of trees on each side of the river.河的两边各有一行树。
There is a chair in every corner of the room.房间的每一个角落都有一把椅子。
3)each可与of搭配,其后接复数名词;every不与of搭配;each of+复数名词/复数代词作主语时谓语要用三单。
Each of the students has ten books.这些学生每人有十本书。
4)every可用于every+基数词+复数名词,each无此用法。
every three days每三天
用法辨析:a little bit/a bit与a little表示“一点点”的异同点
相同点:a little bit/a bit和a little在肯定句中都可修饰动词、形容词、副词。
I’ m feeling a little bit/a little/a bit better.我感觉好点了。
You will feel better if you rest a little/a bit/a little bit.稍微休息一下你就会感觉好些。
不同点:
在否定句中,not...a bit/a little bit表示“一点也不”:not...a little表示“非常”。
I don’t feel a bit/a little bit tired.我感觉一点都不累。
I don’t feel a little tired.我感觉非常累。
2)a little bit/a bit与of连用才能修饰不可数名词(名词前不用修饰语);a little可直接修饰不可数名词。
This will add a little fun to the game.这可以使这个游戏更有趣一点。
Don't we deserve a little bit of/a bit of happiness 我们不应该得到一点快乐吗?
a computer program is used to put the pictures together as a film
句中用了be used to do sth结构,表示“.....被用来做某事”。该结构的主语是事物,be动词的形式由主语决定。
The small knife is used to peel apples.这把小刀是用来削苹果的。
知识拓展:be used to doing sth表示“习惯做某事”,主语通常是人,be可换成get。
I am/get used to going home with her after school every day.我习惯每天放学后和她一起回家。
The actors will do the characters’ voices.
actors是可数名词actor的复数形式,意为“男演员”,其对应词“女演员”是“actress”。
知识归纳:英语中,因男、女不同而词形有变化的词很多。
waiter 男侍者 waitress 女侍者
host 男主人 hostess 女主人
hero 男英雄 heroine 女英雄
8.must also be added separately
句中用了情态动词must的被动语态结构,由“must + be +过去分词”构成,表示“必须被做”。
The work must be done now.
这份工作必须现在做。
(2)separately是副词,意为“单独地”,对应的形容词是separate,意为“单独的”。
Chris insists that we go separately to the club.克里斯坚持认为我们单独去俱乐部。
One of my friends walled off the living room so that he can have a separate place to eat.
我的一个朋友把起居室用墙隔开以便有一个单独用餐的地方。
98.After everything has been checked,the cartoon is ready to be played for everyone to enjoy.
这是含有时间状语从句的主从复合句。
After everything has been checked是after引导的时间状语从句。after意为“在......之后”,引导的时间状语从句置于主句前时要用逗号将它们隔开;如果置于主句后,则不用逗号将它们隔开。从句中的主语是everything,表示“所有的东西”,作主语时谓语要用三单,因此谓语部分的助动词用了三单形式has。
I begin to watch TV after I finish the housework.
我干完家务后开始看电视。
Everything goes well.万事如意。
(2)has been checked是现在完成时的被动语态结构,由“have has +been +动词的过去分词”构成。
The room has been cleaned by us.这个房间已被我们打扫了。
(3)the cartoon is...to enjoy是主句。is ready to be played是“be ready to do sth”的被动语态结构,在此表示“......准备被做”。for everyone to enjoy是“for sb+动词不定式”结构,表示“to enjoy”这个动作是everyone发出的,即everyone是该不定式的逻辑主语。
The roof is ready to be tiled. 屋顶可以盖瓦了。
注意:不定式的被动语态结构由“to be+动词的过去分词”构成。
I am glad to be selected to give a talk in public .我高兴被选出来在公众面前做演讲。
语法点睛
1.情态动词的被动语态结构
(1)常用句式
1)肯定句:主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)。
Glass may be made into many things.玻璃也许可以被制成许多东西。
The project should be discussed .应该讨论这个项目。
He has to be criticized.他必须被批评。
2)否定句:主语+情态动词+not+动词的过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)。
The book mustn't be lent to others.这本书严禁借给别人。
The bike needn’t be repaired.这辆自行车不必修。
3)一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+动词的过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)?
Can the work be finished in two days?这个工作两天后能完成吗?
4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)?
What can glass be made into?玻璃能被制成什么?
情态动词的主动语态和被动语态的转换
主动语态的主语变被动语态时要变成“by+主语(代词用宾格)”;主动语态的谓语变被动语态时要变为情态动词+be+动词的过去分词;主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。
We should use this computer.我们应该使用这台电脑。
This computer should be used by us.这台电脑应该被我们使用。
2.现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态结构由“助动词have/has+been+动词的过去分词”构成,助动词的单复数由主语决定。
(2)常用句型:
1)肯定句:主语+have/has been+过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)
The tap has been turned off.水龙头被关掉了。
否定句:主语+have/has been not+过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)
The tap hasn’t been turned off.水龙头没被关掉。
一般疑问句:Have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)
肯定回答用Yes,主语+have/has.;否定回答用No,主语+have/has not.
—Has the tap been turned off?水龙头被关掉了吗?
—Yes,it has.是的。
特殊疑问句:疑问词+have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其它+(by+名词或代词)
What has been turned off?
什么被关掉了?
(3)现在完成时的被动语态和主动语态之间的转换
主动语态的主语变被动语态时要变成“by+主语(代词用宾格)”;主动语态的谓语变被动语态时要变为has/has been+该动词的过去分词(have/has由主语决定);主动语态的宾语要变被动语态的主语。
The boss has sent him to work in Shanghai.老板已经派他去上海。
He has been sent to work in Shanghai by the boss.他被老板派去上海工作。
Speaking
口语表达归纳:对别人发出警告时可用以下三个祈使句。
Be careful!小心!
Look out!当心!
Watch out!当心!
More practice
Tom is always trying to catch Jerry
is always trying是“be always doing”结构,表示“总是在做某事”。always在此与进行时连用,含有一种批评的语气。
You are always going to school late.你总是上学迟到。
用法拓展:always与进行时连用还可表达赞扬、抱怨的语气。
She is always thinking of others.
她总是为别人着想。(赞扬)
They are always making loud noise.
他们总是发出这么大的噪音。(抱怨)
2.Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him.
(1)ends with是短语动词,表示“以......告终”,该短语常以“事物”作主语。
His speech ended with a proverb.
他的演讲是以一句格言结尾的。
知识拓展:end还可作及物动词,构成end sth. with短语,表示“以...结束某事”,常以人作主语。
He ended his speech with a proverb.
他以一句格言结束了演讲。
in trouble是介词短语作宾语补足语修饰Tom,用于描述Tom的状态。laughing at him是现在分词短语作宾语补足语修饰Jerry,该现在分词短语是Jerry发出的动作。
The stories are full of fun and have a long history.
句中用了be full of短语,表示“充满…的”,be动词的形式由主语决定,of后的名词通常不用冠词修饰。
The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水。
Her eyes are full of tears.她眼里充满泪水。
词语辨析:be full of和be filled with表示“充满...的”的区别
be filled with意为“充满…的”,with后的名词也不用冠词修饰。该短语常暗含有借助外力“装满”的含义。
The basket is filled with apples by the old man. 这个老人把篮子里装满了苹果。
考点:考查be full后要与of搭配,表“充满的”;be filled要与with搭配,表“充满的”的用法。
If you read a lot, your life will be full ________ pleasure.
A. by B. of C. for D. with
解析:由于be full要与of搭配,故选B。
4.William Hanna and Joseph Barbera both worked for MGM in the late 1930s.
in the late 1930s是介词短语作时间状语。其中:
这是年代的一种表示法,由定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成。它的汉语读法要把表示“世纪”的数词+1,十位整数的复数形式读法不变。
late在此表示“......后期”。
in the late 1860s 19世纪60年代后期
知识归纳:表示“早期”用early,“中期”用middle。
in the middle 1990s 20世纪90年代中期
In the early 1980s 20世纪80年代早期
5.In total
in total意为“总共”,可放在句首、句末。
In total,two hundred people visited the castle.总共两百人参观了这座城堡。
They cost me 600 yuan in total.他们总共花了我600元。
6.Most of them are around seven minutes long.
(1)most of them是“most of+复数代词”结构,表示“......中的大部分”,作主语时谓语要用复数形式。
Most of us enjoy watching TV.我们中的大部分人都喜欢看电视。
知识拓展:most of the后既可接单数名词,又可接复数名词,表示“大部分...”
1)“most of the +复数名词”作主语时,谓语用复数形式。
Most of the students in our school are from cities.我们学校大多数学生来自城市。
2)“most of the +单数可数名词/不可数名词”作主语时,谓语用单数形式。
Most of the city is in the fog.这座城市大部分笼罩在雾中。
Most of the water is dirty.大部分水都是脏的。
around在此作副词,意为“大约”,修饰seven minutes long。around作此意时要放在基数词之前,可与about/round互换。
He arrives home at about/around/round nine o’clock.他大约9点钟到家。
7.The cartoons were so good that they won a number of awards.
(1)were so good......awards是“so+形容词原级+that引导的结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”。
在结果状语从句中:
won在此是及物动词win的过去式,意为“赢得”,常接表示“比赛、战斗、奖品”的词语作宾语,不能接表示人的名词或代词作宾语。
We’ll try our best to win the match.我们将尽最大努力去赢得这场比赛。
重要提示:及物动词beat也含有“赢得”的意思,但要接表示“人”的词作宾语。
Li Lei beats all the runners in the 100-meter race.李磊在百米赛跑中赢了所有的对手。
a number of awards是“a number of+复数名词”结构,表示“许多...”。该结构作主语时谓语要用复数。
A number of people come to the meeting from all over the country.
全国各地的很多人参加了会议。
用法辨析:the number of和a number of的区别
the number of表示“……的数目 / 数量 / 数字”,为主语时谓语用单数。
The number of students absent is five.学生缺席数为5。
awards是可数名词award的复数形式,意为“奖品”,它指一种官方的奖励行为,往往鼓励在工作中达到成就或所提出的要求而进行一种奖励,强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。
The novel earned him a literary award. 这部长篇小说为他赢得了文学奖。
词语辨析:award和prize表示“奖品”的区别
prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得,有的凭运气获得。
Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.
参加我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。
知识拓展:award还可用作及物动词,意为“授予;给予”。
The winner was awarded a gold medal . 获胜者获得了一枚金牌。
知识归纳:so...that引导结果状语从句,表示“太...以致于...”,常用结构如下
(1)so+形容词原级+that从句
He was so fat that he couldn’t get through the door.他胖得无法通过这扇门。
(2)so+副词原级+that从句
He spoke so long that most of us felt bored.他的演讲太长了以致于我们大多数人都感到厌倦。
(3)so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词。除little(小的)以外,大部分形容词都可用于该结构。
He is so good a teacher that we all love him.他是一位好老师,以致于我们都爱他。
(4)so many(或few)+复数名词+that从句(so few表示“太少”;so many表示“太多”)
He made so many mistakes that he failed in passing the exam.他错得太多了,结果考试不及格。
(5)so much (或little)+不可数名词+that从句(so much表示“太多”;so little表示“太少”)
There is so much noise outside that I can’t hear what you have said.
外面嘈杂声很大,以致于我听不清你说了什么。
He has so little money that he cannot afford to buy a cell phone.他的钱太少了,买不起手机。
知识拓展:结果状语从句还可由such...that...和so that引导。
(1)such...that...引导结果状语从句表示“太...以致于...”,常用结构如下
1)such a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句(除描述数量的形容词外,其它形容词都可用于该结构)
It is such an exciting movie that I decide to watch it again.
这是一部刺激的电影,所以我决定再看一遍。
2)such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句(除描述数量的形容词外,其它形容词都可用于该结构)
It is such nice weather that I want to go to the zoo.天气如此之好,以致于我想去动物园。
They are such bad boys that nobody plays with them.
他们是坏男孩,以致于没人和他们一起玩。
(2)so that引导结果状语从句时表示“结果...”,要用逗号将其与前面内容隔开。
We all arrived at eight,so that the meeting began immediately.
我们都是八点到达的,结果会议马上就开始了。
重要提示:
(1)so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句中的形容词不是little(小的),可与such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句互换。
He is so good a boss that we all admire him.
=He is such a good boss that we all admire him.他是一位好老板,以致于我们都佩服他。
(2)如果名词前有little(小的)作定语,只能用such...that...结构。
It is such a little sheep that it can't run fast.它是一只小绵羊,跑不快。
8.The famous cat and mouse remain popular today,as the cartoons are still shown on television around the world.
(1)The...remain popular today是主句。remain在此作连系动词,意为“保持;仍旧是”,接形容词popular作表语;此外它还可接副词、名词、分词和介词短语作表语。
Please remain here till I return.请留在这儿,等我回来。
Years later, Tom remained a teacher.多年以后,汤姆仍旧是个老师。
She remained sitting when they came in. 当他们进来时,她仍然坐着。
The problem remains unsolved.这一问题仍未解决。
We will remain in contact with them.我们将与他们保持联系。
知识拓展:remain还可作不及物动词,意为“剩下;停留;逗留”。
He remained in the hospital for a solid month.
他在医院里住了整整一个月。
A few pears remain on the trees. 树上还留有几个梨子。
(2)as the cartoons...around the world是as引导的原因状语从句。as在此意为“因为”,引导的从句置于主句前时要用逗号将它们隔开,置于主句后则不用。
As you object, we won't go.由于你反对,我们不去了。
(3)on television表示“在电视上”。介词on在此意为“在(播放)中”。
I saw you on the news,Jack.我在新闻里看见你了,杰克.
(4)around the world意为“全世界”,在此作后置定语修饰television,同义短语有all over the world.
Culture corner
1.One of the most famous cartoons in China is called Havoc in Heaven.
One of the most famous cartoons in China是“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+表示范围的介词短语”结构,表示“最...之一”。使用该结构时要注意以下三点:
形容词最高级前的the不能省略。
形容词最高级后的名词必须用复数形式。
该结构可作主语和表语。作主语时谓语要用单数。
One of the best hotels in our city is over there.我们城里最好的一个旅店在那边。
2.The cartoon shows many Chinese characteristics.
characteristics是可数名词 characteristic的复数形式,意为“特点;特色;特征”。
Parents transmit some of their characteristics to their children.
父母把某些特性遗传给子女。
For example
for example是固定短语,意为“例如”,用来举例说明某一论点或情况,一般只举同
类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,可位于句首、句中或句末,通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
For example,air is invisible.例如,空气是看不见的。
Ball games,for example,have spread around the world.
例如,球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了。
What would you do if you met a wild animal—a lion,for example
如果遇上野兽,例如狮子你该怎么办
This cartoon has won many awards at home and abroad and has influenced cartoons throughout Asia since it was produced.
这是含有时间状语从句的主从复合句,其中:
This...at home and abroad and has influenced cartoons是主句,用的是现在完成时。该句中有两个介词短语,都作地点状语。
1)at home and abroad表示“国内外”。
This includes steps at home and abroad to prevent another crisis.
这包括在国内和国外防止发生另一场经济危机。
throughout Asia表示“全亚洲”。throughout是介词,意为“遍及;贯穿”,相当于all over。
He is famous throughout/all over the world.他闻名于世界。
知识拓展:throughout引导的介词短语还可作时间状语。
The road is kept open throughout the year.这条路全年开通。
since it was produced是since引导的时间状语从句(it指this cartoon)。
1)since在此意为“自从”,引导的时间状语从句放在主句前后均可;放在主句前要用逗号将其与主句隔开。
2)如果主句用现在完成时,从句要用一般过去时。
They have seen each other often since they met.
=Since they met,they have seen each other.他们自从相识后经常见面。
考点荟萃
1.考点:考查decide作及物动词时表“决定”,要接不定式作宾语的用法。
Harry has decided____an online shop after graduating from school.
A.open B.to open C.opened D.opening
解析:题干意为“哈利决定在毕业后___一个网店。”由于decide接动词作宾语时动词要用不定式,因此选B。
2.考点:考查each of引导的短语作主语时谓语要用单数的用法。
Each of the club members ________ready to help those who were in trouble.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
解析:由于each of引导的短语作主语时谓语要用单数,定语从句who were in trouble用的是一般过去时,可判断所填be动词要用过去式,因此选C。
3.考点:考查be used to doing sth表“习惯做某事”;be used to do sth表“被用来做某事”的用法。
(1)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Isn’t it strange that the cat is used to (lie) beside the dog peacefully
解析:题干意为“那只猫习惯于安静地____在这只狗的旁边,这难道不奇怪吗?”由于be used to在此意为“习惯于”,接动词时动词要变为动名词;lie的动名词是lying,故填lying。
(2)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Your pocket money can be used to _____(support) charity, but you spent too much on snacks before.
解析:题干意为“你的零花钱能够被用来____慈善机构,但你之前花了很多钱在零食上。”由于be used to在此表“被用于”,故其后要接动词原形,因此填support。
4.考点:考查不定式的被动语态结构由“to be+动词的过去分词”构成的用法。
一Would you like to come to my birthday party this evening
一Yes.I’m very glad to___.
A.invite B.invited C.be invited
解析:题干意为“今晚你可以来参加我的生日聚会吗?—可以,我非常高兴____。”由于be glad to后要接动词原形;根据句意,可判断所填动作是有第一句的主语发出的,可知“I”是被邀请的对象,空所在句要用被动语态结构,因此选C。
5.考点:考查情态动词的被动语态结构由”情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”构成的用法。
(1)Thanks to the internet, different kinds of information____in a short time.
A. can be learned B. has been learned C. can learn D. has learned
解析:题干意为“多亏了英特网,不同种类的信息在短时间内_____。”由于information无法发出动作,要用被动语态结构;又根据“在短时间内”所提示的语境,可判断本题应填表“能够被学”的can be learned,因此选A。
(2)—Food safety is very important.
—So some rules ______ to stop people from polluting food.
A. must make B. must be made C. must made D. be made
解析:由于主语some rules无法发出动作,因此要用被动语态结构;又由于情态动词must的被动语态结构为“must be+动词的过去分词”,因此选B。
干扰项分析:A是主动语态,C是错误结构,D项缺乏情态动词,故排除ACD。
(3)Hurry up. The exam must _____ in 100 minutes.
A.finish B. be finished C. is finished
解析:主语the exam无法发出动作,因此要用must的被动语态结构must be+动词的过去分词,因此选B。
(4)— I don’t think sixteen- year- olds_____to drive.
—I agree. They aren’t serious enough at that age.
A. can allow B. need be allowed C. should allow D. should be allowed
解析:题干意为“—我认为17岁的孩子______开车。—我同意。他们在那个年纪不够认真。”第一句是否定转移句,可判断从句含有否定含义,而且be allowed+动词原形是固定结构,表示“被允许做某事”;又结合句意,可判断本句要表达的观点是“17岁的孩子不应该被允许开车”,用should be allow,故选D。
干扰项分析:AC为主动语态,B项中的need表“需要”,不符合题干意思,故排除ABC。
(5)句型转换。
Nothing is more important than life in the world, so we must prevent all the accidents like these. (改为被动语态)
Nothing is more important than life in the world, so all the accidents like these must______ ______.
解析:本题考查把so部分的句子变为被动语态。so部分句子的谓语是must prevent,变被动语态时要用must be +prevent的过去分词,因此填must be prevented。
(6)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
The final result can____(find)on our website by the end of this week.
解析:题干意为“在这周末为止,最后的结果可以在你们的网站上____。”由于“the final result”是无法发出动作,应用被动语态;can的被动语态结构为can be+动词的过去分词形式,因此为be found。
(7)根据汉语提示完成句子。
青少年认为他们应该被允许自己做决定。
Teenagers think they should_____ _____to make the decision for themselves.
解析:本题考查“应该被允许”的英语表达方式。由于should的被动语态结构should+be+动词的过去分词,因此填be allowed。
6.考点:考查现在完成时的被动语态为have/has been+动词的过去分词,have/has由主语的单复数决定的用法。
—Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
—I’m not sure. Because I_____so far.
A. have invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
解析:题干意为“—莉莉,你这周六去参加珍妮的生日聚会吗?—我不确定。因为到目前为止我____。”根据“我不确信”所提示的语境,可判断选项具有否定含义;又根据句意,可判断要用被动语态结构,表示“我没有被邀请”;又由于so far表示“到目前为止”,应用现在完成时的被动语态,不能用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
7.考点:考查so...that...表“太...以致于”,so接形容词或副词原级;such...that...表“太...以致于”,such接名词的用法。
(1)—What do you think of the TV show Amazing Chinese(出彩中国人)?
—It is____exciting____I’d like to see it again.
A.too;to B.such;that C.as;as D.so;that
解析:空所在句的意思是“它____令人激动了___我想要再看一遍。”分析题干,由于第一空接了形容词原级,第二空接的是结果状语从句,对比选项,so+形容词原级+that引导的结果状语从句表“太...以致于...”,因此选D。
干扰项分析:too...to后要接动词原形,such+名词+that引导的结果状语从句,as...as表“与...一样”,不符合题意,故排除ABC。
(2)I’m going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan.
—Oh, really Taiwan is_____a beautiful island that_____people in Guangdong go to visit it every
year.
A. so; thousands B. so; thousands of C. such; many thousand D. such; thousands of
解析:由于so/such...that引导结果状语从句时,so修饰形容词/副词原级,such修饰名词;又由于thousand前不能用many修饰,因此选D。
(3)The Silk Road was ______ long that it passed through many countries.
A. quite B. too C. very D. so
解析:由于so+形容词原级+that从句是固定结构,因此选D。
(4)将下列句子翻译成英语。
我今天上午实在是太累了以致于在语文课上睡着了。
解析:该句描述的动作发生在过去,要用一般过去时;我太累了以至于...应翻译为I was so tired that...;“在语文课上睡着了”是结果状语从句,睡着了可翻译为go to sleep或fall asleep,因此填I was so tired that I went to sleep/fell asleep in the Chinese class.
8.考点:考查win表“赢得”,接表“比赛、战斗、奖品”等词语作宾语;beat表“赢得”,接表“人”的词语作宾语的区别。
The basketball team played well,but they didn’t ________ the competition.
A.score B.beat C.fail D.win
解析:题干意为“篮球队打得很棒,但他们没有____比赛。”根据句意和选项,win表“赢得”,可接表示“比赛”的词作宾语,符合题意,因此选D。
干扰项分析:score表“得分”,beat表“赢得”时要接表示“人”的词作宾语,fail表“失败”,不符合题意,排除ABC。
The Chinese national women’s badminton team_____the Japanese team by 3:1 in India on
May 24.
A. won B. lost C. beat D. missed
解析:题干意为“中国国家女子羽毛球队5月24日在印度以3比1____日本队。”根据句意和选项,beat表“赢得;打赢”,可接表“人”的词作宾语,故选C。
9.考点:考查the number of+复数名词表“......的数量”,作主语时谓语要用单数;a number of+复数名词表“很多......”,作主语时谓语要用复数的用法区别。
In our school library there_____a number of books and the number of them____growing larger and larger.
is;are B.has;is C.are;is D.have;are
解析:这是there be句型,a number of books在第一个there be中作主语,谓语要用复数are;第二个there be句型中,the number of them作主语,谓语要用单数is,因此选C。
10.考点:考查one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+表范围的介词短语”是固定结构,表“最...之一”的用法。
Staying with families and friends is one of _____ things in the world.
A.the happiest B.happier C.the happy D.happiest
解析:由于one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+表范围的介词短语”是固定结构,因此选A。
11.考点:考查since引导时间状语从句时,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时的用法。
(1)Rick has learned a lot about Chinese culture ______ he came to China.
A. before B. when C. until D. since
解析:题干意为“里克学了很多关于中国文化的知识_____他回到中国。”主句用了现在完成时,从句用了一般过去时,只有since引导时间状语从句时满足这个条件,因此选D。
(2)I_____scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.
will be B. was C. have been D. would be
解析:由于since在此引导时间状语从句,要遵循主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时的规则,因此选C。
(3)We have been friends ______.
A.last year B.one year ago C.since we met last year D.when we met last year
解析:since引导时间状语从句时遵循主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时的规则,因此选C。
单元考点跟踪训练
I.单项选择
1.Each of the club members _____willing to help those who are in trouble.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2.Today much information can _____ online.
A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving
3.People who drink wine ______ to drive after May Day.
A. don’t allow B.isn’t allowed C. mustn’t allow D. mustn’t be allowed
4.The news _____ to the public yet. Only a few people know.
A. hasn’t told B. has been told C. hasn’t been told D.has told
5.Waste paper ______everywhere. It is our duty to keep the school clean.
A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldn’t be thrown D. should be thrown
6.The Great Wall is one of_____walls in the world.
A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest
7.In our hospital, the number of women doctors ________ larger and larger.
A. is B. are C. be D. been
8.This is _____ an interesting TV show ______a lot of people enjoy watching it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as
9.His lively shows were _________ hot that tickets sold out in minutes.
A. very B. too C. such D. so
10.-A number of volunteers______willing to teach in China’s rural areas.
is B. are C.am D.have been
II.用所给单词的正确形式填空
From now on,I decide____up at 6:30 in the morning.(get)
No decision ____ about that matter yet. We are still considering it.(make)
I think teenagers should____to drive. They are not serious enough.(allow)
He appears_____this task on time.(finish)
This knife can be used to____up this apple.(cut)
III.单句改错(每题只有一处错误)
It is so a little cow that it can't run fast.____
I have such little money that I can’t afford to buy that cell phone.____
How many magazines can borrow from the library every week ______
There is a number of students in the park._____
Each classrooms seats fifty students.______
IV.句型转换
You should clean the living room.(改为被动语态)
_____________________________
We have watched this film.(改为被动语态)
________________________
Must this bike be repaired by Linda?(改为主动语态)
_________________________
I am feeling a bit comfortable.(改为同义句)
I am feeling a____ _____ comfortable.
This road can be built by those workers.(改为主动语态)
________________________________
V.根据汉语提示完成句子(一空一词)
1.唐老鸭和米老鼠是世界上最受欢迎的两个卡通角色。
Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse are______ _____ _____ _____ _____cartoon characters in the world.
2.这部动画片充满了乐趣。
This_____ is____ of fun.
3.最后,他决定买那件蓝色的毛衣。
In the end, he decides____the blue sweater.
我很高兴被你邀请。
I am glad____ ____ ____ ____you.
我们无法想象17世纪60年代的生活。
We can’t imagine the life_____ _____ _____.
参考答案:
I部分ABDCC DABDB
II部分 1.to get 2.has been made 3.be allowed 4.to finish 5.cut
III部分
1.把so改为such
2.把such改为so
3.把borrow改为be borrowed
4.把is改为are
5.把classrooms改为classroom
IV
1.The living room should be cleaned by you.
2.This film has been watched by us.
3.Must Linda repair this bike?
4.little bit
5.Those workers can build this road.
V部分
two of the most popular
cartoon;full
on
to be invited by
in the 1660s.