Unit 8 Life in the future 讲义（含答案）2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

Unit 8课文重难点解析
基础知识定位
单词 Internet n.互联网；post n.（发在网上的）帖子；apology n.道歉；excuse n.借口；past n.过去；present n.目前；wide adj.宽的；shape n.形状；cafe n.咖啡馆；小餐厅；recently adv.最近；forever adv.永远；certainly adv.当然；satisfy v.使满意；mix v.（使）混合；electronic adj.电子的；relax v.放松；休息；while conj.当......的时候；technology n.科技；software n.软件；prepare v.使（自己）有准备
短语 in the present现在；at the front在前面；on the Internet在互联网上；in the shape of......的形状；mix...with...（使...与...）相混合；prepare for准备；in a second片刻
口语表达 学会作出道歉并给予理由 谈论一次月球之旅
写作 写一篇关于过去和现在生活的网络帖子
语法 过去进行时
Reading
1.Your fridge can order food for you.
句中用了order sth. for sb.结构，表示“为某人订某物”：
order在此是及物动词，意为“订购”。
该结构可与order sb sth互换。
I order a meal for them.
= I order them a meal.我给他们订了一顿饭。
知识拓展：order也可作可数名词，表示“定购；（点）菜”。
We have placed an order for new mobile phones.我们已定购了新手机。
Can I take your order now 我可以为您点菜了吗？
词语辨析：book、order、reserve作及物动词时都含有“订购”之意，区别如下：
（1）order指书面下定单，较正式。此外，在就餐时的“点酒；点菜”也用order。
I order a beer and a sandwich .我要了一杯啤酒，一个三明治。
（2）book意为“预订”，通常指向旅馆预定房间、向饭店预定席位、预订车票。
Could I book a air ticket to shanghai 我可以预订一张去上海的飞机票吗？
reserve 作“预定”时，等同于book。
I booked/reserved two tickets for you yesterday.我昨天给你们定了两张票。
2.Some people are writing about hotels,houses and cars on the Internet.
on the Internet是固定短语，意为“在互联网上”。on在此作介词，意为“在......上”，要与表示无线电器材的词语连用，比如TV，radio，phone，Internet等等。
Chatting on the Internet is interesting.在网上聊天很有趣。
Mary talks and talks on the phone.玛丽不停地煲电话粥。
When we were staying at the hotel recently,my children watched the fish outside their bedroom window.
When we......recently是when引导的时间状语从句，置于主句my children......window之前，用逗号将其与主句隔开。
when在此意为“当......时候”，引导的时间状语从句也可放在主句后，不用逗号将它们隔开；此时主句用了一般过去时，从句用了过去进行时。
由于从句谓语stay是延续性动词，此时when可与while互换。
When/While I was doing my homework，my uncle listened to the radio.
我在做家庭作业时，我叔叔在听收音机。
recently是副词，意为“目前”，作时间状语。它可用在多种时态，比如过去时、进行时、完成时等等。
He is hammering at his studies recently. 他最近正在刻苦钻研他的学业。
Recently they have laid an underground pipeline. 他们最近铺了一条地下管道。
I recently moved to another city. 我最近搬到了另一个城市。
知识归纳：when意为“当...的时候”，引导时间状语从句，用法如下
（1）when既可指时间点，也可指时间段。
（2）从句谓语可在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生。
（3）从句谓语使用短暂性动词、延续性动词、表示状态的动词均可。
小贴士：延续性动词表示动作可延续；短暂性动词表示动作瞬间就完成；状态动词描述状态，比如be动词、连系动词等等）
（4）时态
1）主从句都用一般现在时（主句可为祈使句）
What do you want to be when you grow up？长大后你想要当什么？
Please call me when you come back.你回来时请给我打电话。
2）主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
What will you do when you grow up？长大后你要做什么？
3）主从句都用一般过去时。
When I was five，I could swim.我5岁时会游泳。
4）主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。
When she made a phone call，I was writing a letter．她打电话时我正在写信。
5）主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时（had+过去分词），强调从句谓语动作先发生。
When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
句型拓展：It +be动词+时间点+when从句表示“当...的时候时间是...”（主从句时态常保持一致）。
It was 5 o’clock when he came here. 他来的时候是5点。
知识拓展：when还可作并列连词，意为“（突然）这时”，用于连接两个并列分句。前一个分句是when引导的分句所发生的背景，when引导的分句表示一种突然、意想不到的情况。此时常用逗号将两个分句隔开。
I was thinking of this，when I heard my name called.
我正想着这件事，突然听到有人叫我的名字。
4.They were never bored!
bored是形容词，意为“感到厌烦的”，常作表语和补足语描述“人”的状态。
I’m bored with this job. 我对这件工作感到厌烦了
What you do makes him bored.你的所作所为使他感到厌烦。
知识拓展：boring也可作形容词，意为“令人厌烦的；无聊的”，可作表语、定语，既可描述人，又可描述事物。
The movie is boring.这部电影真没劲。
He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.
他是个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。
5.Heat is held under the glass and is then used as energy for each house.
句中用了be used as结构，表示“被用作……”：
be动词的形式由主语决定。
该短语后常接名词。
Pens are used as a weapon for struggling by some writers.
笔在一些作家手中被用作斗争的武器。
结构拓展：be used for表示“被用来做……”。
be动词的形式由主语决定；其后可接名词和动名词。
for引导的短语说明用途。
Pens are used for writing. 钢笔是用来写字的。
6.your medicine cupboard is connected to your doctor’s computer
句中用了be connected to短语，表示“与……相连”，表示一方主动和另一方连接。
It is connected to every part of the body by nerves.它由神经与身体各部分相连。
知识拓展：be connected with表示“与......相连”时指两者互相连接，还可表示“与......有关”。
He is connected with the murder.那件谋杀案和他有关。
Wuchang is connected with Hanyang by the Yangtze Bridge．
长江大桥把武昌和汉阳连接起来了。
when you need more food
more表示“更多的”，可修饰不可数名词，也可修饰复数名词。
You will have more friends in the future.将来你会有更多的朋友。
I think there will be more pollution.我认为将有更多污染。
8.I would certainly recommend Forever Green Houses to my friends.
（1）certainly是程度副词，意为“当然”，要用在be动词，助动词，情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
He certainly feels better today. 他今天肯定好了一些。
知识拓展：certainly还常用在口语中，表示肯定回答，相当于sure/of course。
—Can I borrow these magazines today 我能借这些杂志吗
—Yes, certainly./of course./ Sure.当然可以。
recommend...my friends用的是recommend sth. to sb.结构，表示“把某物推荐给某人”。1）recommend在此作及物动词，意为“推荐”。
2）该结构可以与recommend sb. sth.互换。
I recommend this book to him
= I recommend him this book.我把这本书推荐给他。
知识拓展：recommend作及物动词时还可以意为“建议”，可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，接不定式作宾补；接that引导到的宾语从句时，从句用should +动词原形（should可以省略）。
He recommended Spain for our next holiday.他建议我们下一个假期去西班牙。
He recommended us to buy new tyres.他建议我们买新轮胎。
I recommend buying this dictionary.我建议买这本词典。
He recommended that I（should）buy new tyres.他建议我买新轮胎。
9.They will satisfy everyone.
satisfy在此作及物动词，意为“满足；使满意”，指完全达到预定的条件、要求、标准或期望、心愿等。
This kind of programme always satisfied the public.这类节目总能令大众满意。
词语辨析：meet和satisfy都可作及物动词，含有“满足”之意，区别在于meet指最低限度地达到预期的标准，或强调要达到这个标准的困难。
Will there be sufficient stocks to meet our demand
有足够的存货满足我们的需求吗
知识拓展：satisfy的名词是satisfaction，意为“满足；满意”。
life satisfaction 生活满意
10.The hydrogen in the car is mixed with oxygen from the air to make electricity for the car.
句中用了be mixed with短语，表示“与......混合在一起”。
该短语的主语通常是事物。
with后要接表示“事物”的词作宾语。
The food does not have to be mixed with water, which in many countries may be dirty.
在一些卫生状况恶劣的国家，这种食品不需要与水混合就可以食用。
It shouldn’t be mixed with politics.它不应与政治混为一谈。
知识拓展：mix...with...表示“把...和...混合在一起”。
Don’t mix vitriol with water.
不要把盐酸和水混合在一起。
11.You tell the computer where you want to go.
where you want to go是连接副词where引导的名词性从句，作tell的直接宾语。
where意为“哪里”，引导宾语从句时从句要用陈述语序。
where在该宾语从句中作地点状语。
I wonder where he bought this cup.我想知道他在哪里买的这个杯子。
注意：where引导宾语从句时还可在从句中作表语。
Can you tell me where she is？你能告诉我她在哪里吗？
12.Then you sit back and relax as the car takes you there.
（1）Then you sit back and relax是主句。relax在此作不及物动词，意为“放松；休息”。
He told me to relax a few days before going back to work.
他告诉我在返回工作岗位之前先歇几天。
知识拓展：relax还可作及物动词，意为“放松；使放松；放宽”。
Relax your muscles before starting to run.起跑前应将肌肉放松。
The regulations are to be relaxed in the near future.
这些规章在近期内即将放宽。
I need a cup of tea to relax myself.
我需要喝杯茶使自己轻松一下。
as the car takes you there是as引导的时间状语从句。as在此意为“当......的时候”。
知识归纳：as表示“当......的时候”的用法
（1）as可指时间段，也可指时间点。
（2）从句谓语通常具有动作意义（延续性动词和短暂性动词均可），不用be/have/like/belong等表示状态或静态意义的动词。
（3）as从句的谓语动作和主句谓语动作同时发生或主从句的动作紧接着先后发生。
（4）时态特征
1）主从句都用一般现在时。
As he sleeps，he dreams a bad dream.他睡觉时做了一个噩梦。
2）主从句都用一般过去时。
My hat was blown away as I stood up.我站起来时帽子被吹走了。
3）主句用一般现在时，从句用现在进行性。
As we are going out, it begins to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。
4）主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。
As the doctors were checking him，the pain got worse.
当医生正在给他检查时， 疼痛变得更厉害了。
13.While I was driving my old car,I was polluting the city.
While I......old car是while引导的时间状语从句，置于主句I was polluting the city之前，用逗号将它们隔开。
while在此意为“当......的时候”，引导时间状语从句也可放在主句后，不用逗号将它们隔开。
此时主从句都用了过去进行时，表示“drive”和“pollute”这两个动作在过去的时间里同时进行。
知识归纳：while意为“当...的时候”，引导时间状语从句，用法如下
（1）while指时间段，从句谓语必须用延续性动词或be动词。
（2）从句动作和主句动作同时发生。
（3）时态特征
1）主从句都用过去进行时。
He was listening to the music while we were watching TV.我们看电视时他正在听音乐。
2）主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。
He was drinking coffee while we drank wine.我们喝葡萄酒时他在喝咖啡。
3）主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。
While the lights were changing to red，a car suddenly appeared round the corner.
当交通灯正在变为红色时， 一辆小汽车突然出现在拐角处。
4）主从句都用一般过去时或一般现在时。
His wife carried the two children while he carried the luggage.妻子带着两个孩子，他拿着行李。
We must strike while the iron is hot.我们必须趁热打铁。
5）主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
I will be kind to him while you are away.你不在的时候我会对他很好的。
6）主句用一般现在时（含祈使句），从句用现在进行时。
It is impolite to speak loudly while you are having a meal.你吃饭时大声说话是不礼貌的。
Turn off the radio while you are doing the homework.你做家庭作业要关掉收音机。
重要提示：while/when/as都可表示“当......的时候”，使用时要注意下列内容：
（1）从句谓语是be动词时，when可与while互换，不能和as互换。
He always cries when/while he is sad.她伤心的时候总是哭。
（2）从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句谓语为延续性动词，when，while，as都可使用。
When/While/As we were dancing，a stranger came in.当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
（3）从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用when，不用as/while。
When I had finished the housework，I planned to play the chess.我干完家务后打算下象棋。
（4）主从句谓语动作同时发生，两句都用进行时，从句多用while引导。
They were singing while we were dancing. 我们跳舞时他们在唱歌。
语法点睛
1.过去进行时
一.过去进行时的构成方式
（1）过去进行时的基本结构是“was/were +动词的现在分词”，第一、三人称单数、单数名词用was，其余情况用were。
（2）句型
1）肯定句：主语+ was/were +V-ing形式+其它.
They were watching TV then.他们那时正在看电视。
2）否定句：主语+ was / were not+V-ing形式+其它.
I was not watching TV then.我那时没看电视。
3）一般疑问句及答语：Was / Were +主语+ V-ing形式+其它 肯定回答用Yes,主语+was / were；否定回答用No, 主语+ was / were not。
—Was the girl crying then 那个女孩当时在哭吗
—Yes，she was. 是的，她在哭。
—No，she wasn’t. 不，她没哭。
4）特殊疑问句及答语：疑问词+ was /were +主语+ V-ing形式 回答要跟据实际情况用过去进行态。
—What were they watching then 他们当时在看什么
—They were watching a cartoon then.他们当时在看卡通片。
（3）用法
过去进行时描述在过去的某个时间里正在进行的动作，常与表示具体时刻的时间状语，诸如at that time/moment，this time yesterday，at+时刻+last night，then等等连用。
They were cleaning their bedroom yesterday evening.昨晚他们在打扫卧室。
（4）过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
1）一般过去时用于陈述过去的事实或过去发生的动作，句中常有表示过去时间段的状语，...ago，just now，in+过去的年份，以及表示频率的时间状语等等。
2）过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间里正在发生的动作，句中常有具体的表示过去的时间点或时间段。
I was driving yesterday morning.我昨天早上一直在开车。
I drove to my grandpa’s yesterday morning.我昨天早上开车去了爷爷家。
When I was a child，I often played football.孩提时我常常踢足球。
Speaking
口语表达归纳：
表达歉意时：
可用“I’m sorry that......”表示“我很抱歉......”（that后面的内容是宾语从句，引出道歉的原因）。
也可直接说“Sorry./I’m sorry.”（对不起），然后给出抱歉的原因。
原谅对方可用下列句子
That’s all right.不要紧。
Never mind.没关系。
Don’t worry about it.别为这事发愁。
考点：考查“Never mind.”表“没关系”，用于应答别人的道歉的用法。
—I’m terribly sorry that I’ve kept you waiting for so long.
—_______.
A. Never mind B. It’s a pity C. You’re welcome D. That’s right.
点拨与析答：题干意为“—非常抱歉，我让你等了这么久。—____。”根据“非常抱歉”所提示的语境，可判断所填内容用于应答对方的道歉，应用Never mind，表示“没关系”，因此选A。
干扰项分析：B表“很遗憾”，C表“不客气”，D表“没错”，和题意矛盾，故排除BCD。
口语运用（以弄坏对方的自行车为话题）
A：I’m sorry that I have broken your bike.我弄坏了你的自行车，我很抱歉。
B：Don’t worry about it.I can repair it.别为这事发愁。我能够修理。
Writing部分
写作技能提升：写一篇关于过去和现在生活的网络帖子（以人们去上学或去上班的方式为话题）。
短文应包括两个部分（每个部分要写一段话）。
第一部分介绍你祖父母青少年时去上学或去上班的方式。
第二部分介绍现在去上学或去上班的方式
写作技巧
第一段用第三人称，时态用一般过去时和过去进行时；第二段用第一、三人称，时态用一般现在时。
尽量使用本单元中的词语
句型及运用方法
第一段：Your grandparents’ teenage days
1.When my grandparents were young，they usually went to school on foot.我祖父母年轻的时候经常步行去上学。
运用1：由于when引导时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句含有be动词，因此这句话的同义表达是When young，they usually went to school on foot.
注意：
此时when可换成while。
主句部分也可用“used to+动词原形”表达，表示“过去常常做某事”，因此主句可改写为they used to go to school on foot。
But sometimes they went to school by bike.但有时他们骑自行车去上学。
运用2：“骑自行车去学校”也可表示为“ride bikes to school”，因此这句话的同义表达是“But sometimes they rode bikes to school.”
At that time，workers could only take buses，ride bikes or walk to work.那时，工人只能搭乘公交车，骑自行车或步行去工作。
运用3：表示“骑车；搭公交车”也可用by bike/by bus表达；only表示“仅仅”时可与just互换，因此这句话的同义表达是At that time workers could just go to work by bike，by bus or on foot.
However，because there were a small number of buses then，they needed to wait for buses for a long time.然而，由于那时只有少量的公交车，所以他们需要等公交车很长时间。
运用4：however表示转折时与but的含义相同，因此可换为but引导的并列分句，因此这句话的同义表达是But because there were a small number of buses then，they needed to wait for buses for a long time.
While they were waiting for buses，they were talking with one another.他们等公交车时互相交谈。
运用5：这句话也可用while引导的省略结构表达，可改写为“While waiting for buses，they were talking with one another.”
注意：one another表示“互相”，用于三者或三者以上。表示“（两者之间）互相”用
each other。
第二段：Now
Today，we can go to school or work not only by bike，by bus and on foot，but also by subway and by car.如今，我们不光能够骑自行车，搭公交车，步行去上学或上班，而且能够搭地铁，小汽车去上学或上班。
运用1：not only...but also表示“不但...而且...”（also可以省略），连接并列结构。
Because of the convenient transportation，we can reach schools or work places on time.因为交通便利，我们能够按时到达学校或工作场所。
运用2：because of引导的短语作原因状语句首，可与owing to互换，也可换成because引导的原因状语从句Because the transportation is convenient；reach在此可与arrive at/get to互换。因此这句话的同义表达是：
Owing to the convenient transportation，we can arrive at schools or work places on time.
Because the transportation is convenient，we can get to schools or work places on time.
Moreover，since there are so many buses，we don’t have to wait for a long time.而且，由于有很多公交车，我们不必等待很长时间。
运用3：moreover表示“而且”，可与what’s more互换；so many表示“如此多的”，修饰复数名词，此时还可用 a great/large number of；don’t have to表示“不必”，可与needn’t互换，因此这句话的同义表达是What’s more，since there are a large number of buses，we needn’t wait for a long time.
写作范文
Your grandparents’ teenage days
When my grandparents were young，they usually went to school on foot.But sometimes they went to school by bike.At that time，workers could only take buses，ride bikes or walk to work.At that time workers could just go to work by bike，by bus or on foot.However，because there were a small number of buses then，they needed to wait for buses for a long time.While they were waiting for buses，they were talking with one another.
Now
Today，we can go to school or work not only by bike，by bus and on foot，but also by subway and by car.Because of the convenient transportation，we can reach schools or work places on time.
Moreover，since there are so many buses，we don’t have to wait for a long time.
More practice
After going shopping and having tea at the cafe, I went back to my room to rest.
After going... the cafe是“after+动名词”结构。
after是介词，意为“在......之后”，引导的介词作时间状语。
它接动词时动词要变为动名词。
I feel tired after arriving at home. 到家后我感到疲惫不堪。
重要提示：after作连词时意为“当......时候”，引导时间状语从句。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时可将从句转换为“after+动名词”结构。
He went to bed after he did his homework.
=He went to bed after doing his homework.完成家庭作业后，他去睡觉了。
2.I saw that water was coming in through the window!
这是see+that引导的宾语从句结构：
此时主从句的主语不同。
从句用的是过去进行时态，表示“看到......正在......”。
当see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是进行时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+动词的现在分词”结构。
I see that a child is playing football.
=I see a child playing football.我看到一个小孩在踢足球。
知识拓展：see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是完成时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+省略to的不定式”结构。
I see that my father has finished the housework.
=I see my father finish the housework.我看见我爸爸干完了家务。
考点：考查see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是进行时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+动词的现在分词”结构的用法。
句型转换。
I see a boy lying on the road.（改为复合句，保持句意不变）
I see____ ____ ____ ____ ____on the road.
点拨与析答：由于see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是进行时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+动词的现在分词”，这符合题干结构，因此填that a boy is lying。
考点：考查see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是完成时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+省略to的不定式”结构的用法。
句型转换。
I see that the man has gone out.（改为简单句，保持句意不变）
__________________________.
点拨与析答：由于see接that引导的宾语从句时，如果主从句的主语不同，而且从句用的是完成时，可将这个复合句改为“see sb/sth+省略to的不定式”，这符合题干结构，因此填I see the man go out.
3.Suddenly a light went on and a lot of food started to arrive from the supermarket：meat,
vegetables,fruit,milk,and so on.
（1）go on在此作“不及物动词+副词”类型的短语，意为“（电器设备）运转”。
A light goes on at seven every evening. 每天晚上7点钟有盏灯会亮起。
（2）and so on是固定短语，意为“等等”，要放在列举内容的末尾。
I like apples, watermelons, bananas and so on.我喜欢苹果，西瓜，香蕉等等。
4.I shouted at the fridge.
shout at是“不及物动词+介词”类型的短语，表示“对着……吼叫”。
介词at在此处表示“针对着, 向”，通常指发火、发怒的情形。
该短语常接表示“人”的词语。
Don’t shout at me. 别对我大喊大叫的。
You should not shout at your child.你不应该冲着孩子吼叫。
知识拓展 shout还可与介词to搭配，表示“向着……喊叫”，介词to表示声音所喊的方向，通常指呼唤较远处的人。
Don’t shout to him. It’s too far. He can’t hear you. 别对他喊了。太远了。他听不见的。
5.but the food continued to come in
come in在此是“不及物动词+副词”类型的短语，意为“出现”，其后不接宾语。
That's where the trouble often comes in.
那就是经常出现纠纷之处。
词义拓展：come in作不及物动词短语时还可意为“流行起来”。
Nylon stockings came in soon after the end of the war.
战后不久尼龙袜子就时兴起来。
6.The hydrogen in the car failed to mix with the oxygen.
failed to mix with the oxygen用的是“fail+动词不定式”结构，表示“无法做某事”。fail在此作及物动词，意为“不能”。
Two sides failed to come to an agreement.双方未达成一致。
知识归纳：fail的其它用法
（1）作及物动词时还可意为“失败”，常用结构为fail sth，表示“做某事失败”。
He failed chemistry. 他化学考试不及格。
（2）作不及物动词时意为“失败”，常用结构为fail in doing sth.，表示“做某事失败”。
I failed in persuading him. 我没能说服他。
7.W e’ re going to miss our plane.
miss在此作及物动词，意为“错过”，常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
I was late because I missed the bus.我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。
She missed going to the party on Saturday.星期六她没能出席聚会。
8.What shall we do
这是含有情态动词shall的特殊疑问句。shall用在疑问句中要遵循以下两点规律：
shall在此表示“要不要；......好吗”，用于征求对方意见。
此时主要用于第一人称(在英国英语中，也用于第三人称)。
Shall I get you a chair for you 要不要我给你拿把椅子来
What shall we do this evening 我们今天晚上做什么呢？
Shall the boy come at once 要不要这孩子马上来
知识拓展：情态动词shall还可用在陈述句：
表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等。
主要用于第二、三人称。
You shall have a sweet. 你会吃到一块糖。(表允诺)
He shall suffer for this. 他将为此受苦。(威胁)
Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(表规定)
Culture corner
1.Dream inspires future cities
inspire在此作及物动词，意为“激励；鼓舞”，常用结构如下：
（1）inspire sb to do sth表示“激励某人做某事”。
His spirit will carry on, and it will inspire all of us to achieve success.
他的精神将得到传承，并激励我们所有人取得成功。
（2）be inspired to do sth表示“受到激励做某事”。
I was inspired to work harder than ever before.
我受到激励比以往任何时候都更努力地工作。
2.countries around the world displayed their dreams of future cities
display在此作及物动词，意为“展示；展现”。
The vendors display their fruit.
摊贩展示他们的水果。
词义拓展：display作及物动词时还可意为“陈列；显示；炫耀”。
Department stores display their goods in the windows.
百货商店把商品陈列在橱窗里。
He displayed no sign of emotion.
他丝毫不露感情。
He is displaying his prize.他正在炫耀他的奖品。
The idea of this building is to show that we can have more environmentally friendly buildings and houses.
（1）to show that ...... houses是动词不定式作表语，对The idea of this building作解释说明。
（2）that we can have ... houses是that引导的宾语从句。当that引导的宾语从句较长时，that不省略。
4.This house is built completely of recycled and reused materials.
句中用了be built of结构，表示“由……建造的”。
All the houses there were built of wood. 那里所有的房子都是用木头盖的。
考点荟萃
1.考点：考查on与表示“无线电器材”的名词连用，表“在......上”的用法。
When I got into the room, Green was talking _________ the phone.
A. on B. with C. to D. in
点拨与析答：题干意为“我进到屋子里时，格林正在____电话交谈。”on可与表示无线电器材的名词连用，phone属于这类词汇，符合题意，因此选A。
2.考点：考查when引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时的用法。
—I called you last night，but you didn’t answer.
—Sorry，Grace.I____I Am A Singer when the phone rang.
A.am watching B.was watching C.have watched
点拨与析答：由于when引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去进行时，从句要用一般过去时，对比选项可知选B。
（2）I _____ with my parents when he rang me up yesterday afternoon.
A.am shopping B.am shoping C. was shopping D.was shoping
点拨与析答：由于when引导时间状语从句时，从句用了过去时，主句也要用过去时，排除AB；又由于shop的现在分词是shopping，因此选C。
（3）根据汉语提示完成句子。
当那几个德国人到达机场时，雨正下得很大。
It was____heavily when the Germans____at the airport.
点拨与析答：根据题干，可判断主句要用过去进行时，从句要用一般过去时。“下雨”应翻译为rain，放在was后要用raining；根据第二空后的at，可判断“到达”要用arrived。因此填raining；arrived。
3.考点：考查be mixed with是固定搭配，表“与……混合在一起”的用法。
Air is even mixed______the water in the sea.
A. at B. in C. with D.to
点拨与析答：题干意为“空气甚至和海水混合_____ 。”对比选项，be mixed with是固定搭配，表“与……混合”，符合题干语义，因此选C。
干扰项分析：ABD三项都无法和be mixed搭配，故排除。
4.考点：考查where表“何地”，在宾语从句中作地点状语的用法。
Thomas wants to know ______Nina lives.
A. where B. who C. what D. if
点拨与析答： ______Nina lives是宾语从句。由于lives在此表“居住”，是不及物动词，可判断所填内容在句中作地点状语。对比选项，只有where在宾语从句中可作地点状语，因此选A。
干扰项分析：who引导宾语从句时表“谁”，what表“什么；什么样的”，if表“是否”，不符合题意，故排除BCD。
5.考点：考查while引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般过去时，从句要用一般过去时或过去进行时的用法。
Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she _____ at the party.
A.dances B.was dancing C.has danced D.is dancing
点拨与析答：while引导时间状语从句时主句用了一般过去时，从句要用一般过去时或者过去进行时，对比选项，可知选B。
6.考点：考查while表“当...时候”，引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般现在时，从句要用一般现在时或现在进行时的用法。
Turn off the water while you _______ your teeth or washing your hands.
A. were brushing B. brush C. are brushing D. brushed
点拨与析答：分析题干，可判断主句是祈使句，是一般现在时态，while引导的从句要用一般现在时或现在进行时；又由于从句中有连词or，其后接了现在分词washing，由此可判断要用现在进行时“be+V-ing”结构，因此选C。
7.考点：考查一般过去时用于描述过去的事情或动作；过去进行时用于描述动作在过去的时间里正在进行的区别。
（1）－I called you at half past nine this morning，but there was no answer.
－Oh, sorry. I _____ with my cousin in the supermarket.
A. shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop
点拨与析答：题干意为“我今天早上9点30给你打电话，但无人接听。—噢，对不起。我和我的堂兄一起在超市____。”分析题干，首句用了一般过去时，可推断早上9点30“我”正在购物，因此没有接电话，对比选项，应用过去进行时，因此选B。
（2）—What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday
—I was cleaning my room.
A. did; do B. are; doing C. were; doing D.do；do
点拨与析答：由于答语 was cleaning 用的是过去进行时，因此所填内容要用过去进行时态，对比选项，可知选C。
（3）—Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge
—Yes. She _____ it two years ago.
A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.was visiting
点拨与析答：由于“......ago”是一般过去时的标志词，因此选B。
（4）—John, I called you yesterday morning, but nobody answered the phone.
—Oh, I _________basketball at that time.
A. play B. playing C. was playing
点拨与析答：由于at that time是表示过去的时间，只有was playing可以和它连用，故选C。
（5）—What were you doing at this time yesterday
—I ______ my homework.
A.did B.am doing C.was doing
点拨与析答： 由于What were you doing at this time yesterday 是过去进行时的特殊疑问句，可判断答语要用过去进行时，因此选C。
（6）— What _______ Candy _______ just now
— Sorry, I didn’t hear it. I _________ up the phone.
was...saying; was picking B. did...say; was picking
C. does...say; am picking D. did...say; pick
点拨与析答：第一句是特殊疑问句，答语部分用了did，可判断第一句要用一般过去时，由此可推断第二空所填谓语是在过去发生的，因此选B。
8.考点：考查after引导时间状语从句时如果主从句的主语一致，可将从句部分转换为“after+动名词”结构的用法。
句型转换。
Mom felt tired after she cooked for the whole family.（改为简单句）
Mom felt tired after ____ for the whole family.
点拨与析答：本题要将after引导的时间状语从句变为简单句。由于after引导时间状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，可将从句转换为“after+动名词”，故填cooking。
单元考点跟踪训练
I.单项选择
1.My father was preparing for his speech____my mother was doing some washing last night.
A.if B.while C.unless D.although
2.—I called you at 3:00 yesterday afternoon,but no one answered.
—Sorry,I_____with my friends at that time.
swim B.swam C.will swim D.was swimming
3.—Perhaps you should call him up.
—But I don’t want to talk with him ______ the phone.
A. on B. at C. in D. with
4.—Miss Lin ______ my deskmate when I left school.
—She is really a nice teacher.
A.helps B.is helping C. was helping D.will help
5.— Why did the car hit the old lady
—Because the driver ______ on the phone at that time.
A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked
My mother was doing the dishes_____I got home.
when B.though C.as long as D.if
7.No one knows ______Anne lives.
A. where B. who C. what D. if
8.—I am terribly sorry that I broke your vase.
—_______.
A. Never mind B. It’s a pity C. You’re welcome D. That’s right.
9.You don’t want to visit any other mountain if you have seen Wuyue, but you won’t wish to see even Wuyue after_____from Mount Huangshan.
A.returns B.returning C.return D.returned
10.—I suppose you are 60 years old.
—Thank you. I’m glad you ______ that. My real age is 90.
A. say B. said C. are saying D. were saying
II.根据汉语提示写出单词
You can_____now.（放松）
There are much information on the______.（互联网）
I’m____with this work.（感到厌烦的）
Hanyang is_____with Wuchang by the Yangtze Bridge．（与......相连）
The hydrogen in the car is_____with oxygen from the air to make electricity for the car.（与...混合在一起）
III.用所给单词的正确形式填空
—Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night
—I ____ the piano.（play）
—I called you at eight o’clock last night, but no one answered.
—Oh, I ______ a shower at that time. （take）
My headmaster inspires us_____the challenge.（accept）
This house is____ completely of recycled and reused materials.（build）
5.—I was reading a book this time yesterday. What about you
—We_____ a model plane.(make)
IV.句型转换（所填内容不少于三个单词）
Linda sees I am doing the dishes.（改为简单句，保持句意不变）
___________________________
Peter sees Anna wash some coats.（改为复合句，保持句意不变）
_____________________________
3.Can you order us a meal？（用为同义句）
______________________
After I complete my housework，I start to do my school.（改为简单句，保持句意不变）
After________ _______ _______,I start to do my school.
Lily was playing volleyball at 8:00 last night.（改为一般疑问句）
_____________________________________________
V.根据汉语提示完成句子（一空一词）
他到达上海的时候是晚上7点钟。
It was 7 o’clock in the evening____ ____ ____Wuhan.
我经常吃苹果、梨子、香蕉等等。
I usually eat apples，pears，bananas____ ____ ____.
你不准对我们大喊大叫。
You mustn’t____ ____ ____.
我要把这首歌推荐给你。
I will____this song____you.
5.有些学校没有布置任何作业。
Some schools___ ___set any homework.
参考答案：
I部分 BDACC AAABB
II部分 1.relax 2.Internet 3.bored 4.connected 5.mixed
III部分：
was playing 2.was taking 3.to accept 4.built 5.were making
IV 1.Linda sees me doing the dishes.
2.Peter sees（that）Anna has washed some coats.
3.Can you order a meal for us？
4.completing my housework
5.Was Lily playing volleyball at 8:00 last night？
V部分
When I reached
and so on
shout at us
recommend；to
fail to