Unit 5 超前集中 词汇篇
2019人教版高考英语必修第一册
英语24字整体教学讲义
目 录
第一节 认识与记忆
逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读
第二节 透析与拓展
重点精讲 例析拓展
第三节 应用与提升
1. 分类默写 精准记忆
2. 语境实战 翻译提升
第一节 认识与记忆
逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读
（“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆）
单元词汇
billion / b lj n/ n. 十亿
native / ne t v/ a. 本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
attitude / t tju d; NAmE t tu d/ n. 态度；看法
reference / refr ns/ n. 指称关系；参考
refer /r f (r)/ vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
refer to /r f (r) t / 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
system / s st m/ n. 体系；制度；系统
despite /d spa t/ prep. 即使；尽管
ups and downs / ps nd da nz/ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
factor / f kt (r)/ n. 因素；要素
based /be st/ adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
base /be s/ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
date back to ... /de t b k t / 追溯到
bone /b n/ n. 骨头；骨（质）
shell / el/ n. 壳；壳状物
symbol / s mbl/ n. 符号；象征
carve /kɑ v/ vt. & vi. 雕刻
dynasty / d n sti; NAmE da -/ n. 王朝；朝代
variety /v ra ti/ n. （植物、语言等）变体；异体
major / me d (r)/ a. 主要的；重要的 n. 主修课
no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……；不管……
dialect / da lekt/ n. 地方话；方言
means /mi nz/ n. 方式；方法；途径
classic / kl s k/ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
regard /r gɑ d/ n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
character / k r kt (r)/ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
calligraphy /k l gr fi/ n. 书法；书法艺术
global / gl bl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的
affair / fe (r)/ n. 公共事务；事件；关系
appreciate / pri ie t/ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激 vi. 增值
specific /sp s f k/ adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的
CE / si i / ( = Common Era ) 公元
struggle / str gl/ n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
tongue /t / n. 舌头；语言
point of view /p nt v vju / 观点；看法
semester /s mest (r)/ n. 学期
gas /g s/ n. 汽油；气体；燃气
petrol / petr l/ n. ( NAmE gas ) 汽油
subway / s bwe / n. (BrE underground) 地铁
apartment / pɑ tm nt/ n. (especially NAmE )公寓套房
pants /p nts/ n. [pl.] (BrE) 内裤；短裤；（especially NAmE）裤子
beg /beg/ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
equal / i kw l/ n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的
gap /g p/ n. 间隔；开口；差距
demand /d mɑ nd/ n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
vocabulary /v k bj l ri; NAmE -leri/ n. 词汇
description /d skr p n/ n. 描写（文字）；形容
relate /r le t/ vt. 联系；讲述
relate to /r le t t / 与……相关；涉及；谈到
Korean /k 'r n/ n. & a. （朝鲜/韩国） （语/人）的
Danish / de n / n. 丹麦语；丹麦人 a. 丹麦的
Denmark /'denmɑ k/ 丹麦（国家名）
Arabic / r b k/ n. & a. 阿拉伯语/文学（的）
FIFA / fi f / abbr. （源自法语） 国际足联；国际足球联合会
辅音字母组合的读音（2）
辅字组 读 音 例 词
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[] patient nation
tch [] watch
th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[] the these with than
[] clothe father weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] answer two
wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] examle exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
第二节 透析与拓展
重点精讲 例析拓展
native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人
（1）be native to 原产于；源于
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
（2）be a native of... ……土生土长的人；
原产于……的动物或植物
[教材P60] How many billion people speak the UN's official languages as their native or second language？有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
[佳句] Above all, being a native of the city, I know a lot about its history and culture.最重要的是， 作为本地市民， 我很了解它的历史和文化。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①During their visit to that country, they communicated with________________ （native） there happily.
②When it comes to Chengdu, the first thing that comes to your mind is pandas, which are native ________________Sichuan.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③ 当我们学习一门外语的时候， 需要记住我们是如何学会我们的母语的。
When we are learning a second language we need to remember______________________．
attitude n．态度；看法
attitude to/towards...________ 对……的态度/看法
have/take a（n）...attitude to/towards...
对……持……的态度
[教材P60] What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning
说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？
[佳句] Most students hold a positive attitude to this kind of after class activity.
大部分学生对这类的课外活动持有积极态度。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①正是你对工作不好的态度使你父母生气。
It was________________________________________________________________________________________________ that made your parents angry.
②无论你面临什么问题，都应该对工作有积极的态度。
No matter what problems you are faced with，you should__________________________.
refer to 指的是；描述；涉及；提到；参考，查阅
（1）refer to...as...________ 把……称作……
refer...to... 把……提交给……
（2）reference n. 指称关系；参考；涉及；提及；查阅
reference books 参考书
[教材P60] Pay attention to the context of words to help you understand what the pronouns refer to.
注意单词的语境，帮助你理解代词指的是什么。
[佳句] While giving the English speech, competitors should not refer to the notes.
做英语演讲时，参赛选手应该不看演讲稿。
[练通]——写出下列句子中refer to的含义
①The official referred to the rescue workers several times at the meeting. ________________________
②For more information, you can refer to China Daily's official website.________________________
③When I said some people were stupid, I wasn't referring to you.________________________
④As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng. ________________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记本。
He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didn't________________________ while delivering his speech.
base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
（1）base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
（2）basic adj. 基础的；基本的
basically adv. 基本地
[教材P62] At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture based language.
最初，书面汉语是一种以象形文字为基础的语言。
[佳句] When it comes to choosing between arts and science, the basic rule is to base our choice on our own interest and strengths.
当谈到选择文科和理科的时候， 基本的原则是把我们的选择建立在我们的兴趣和强项的基础上。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The film which ________________（base） on a true story of her mother is very moving.
②He made every effort to meet his son's ________________（base） needs.
[写美]——一句多译
以一个真实故事为基础，这部电影非常受欢迎。
③The film________________________， and it is very popular.
④_______________________________________， the film is very popular.（分词作状语）
date back （to...）追溯到
（1）date back to...＝date from... 追溯到
（2）out of date 过时的，陈旧的
[教材P62] It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。
[佳句] Beijing Opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty, has a history of more than 200 years.
京剧有超过200年的历史， 可追溯至清朝。
[写美]——一句多译
这座追溯到唐朝的古老建筑保存得很好。
①The old building___________________________ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.
②The old building____________________ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.
[点津] date back to/date from一般无进行时态； 无被动语态； 作后置定语时， 需用现在分词形式。
句型公式：It was a time when...这/那是一个……的时期 v． ing短语作结果状语
（1）There was a time when... 曾有一段时间……
（2）“leading to many varieties of dialects and characters”为v. ing短语作结果状语。
[教材P62] Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
多年以来，这种书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为这是一个人们被居住地域分隔的时期，从而导致方言和汉字的多样性也随之产生。
[佳句] It was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.那是这个女孩不能说话的一段时间。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It was a time________________ he was very disappointed and wanted to leave here.
②He got up late and hurried to his office，________________（leave） the breakfast untouched.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③有一段时间我和同学们相处得不好。
________________________________ I didn't get along well with my classmates.
variety n．（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；多变（性）
（1）a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
（2）various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的
for various reasons 由于种种原因
（3）vary vt. & vi. 使多样化；改变；变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
[佳句] Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and rich varieties of fruit. 一进入农场， 我们就被农场的整洁和丰富的水果种类吸引了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
④There are________________（variety） of goods in the supermarket.
⑤For________________（variety） reasons, she refused to accept the job.
⑥On whether it is necessary to create a parents' WeChat group, the students' opinions vary from person ________________ person.
[写美]——词汇升级
⑦In my free time, I'd like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and all kinds of ball games.
→In my free time, I'd like to take exercise, such as swimming, running and___________ball games.
major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
（1）a major problem 一个重大问题
（2）major in... 主修……；以……为专业
（3）majority n. 大多数；大半
the majority of 大多数
[教材P62] Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.秦始皇统一了七大诸侯国，形成了一个统一的国家，中国的书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
[佳句] To my amazement，the exchange student majored in calligraphy at college.
令我惊讶的是，这名交换生在大学主修书法。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I have a gift for language, so I major________________ English in college.
②When it comes to education, the________________（major） of people believe that education is of great importance.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语，成为中国与世界之间的桥梁。
In fact, he________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
句型公式：“be of＋抽象名词”结构
be of＋抽象名词＝be＋对应形容词
be of （great） importance＝be （very） important
非常重要的
be of great value＝be （very） valuable
非常有价值的
be of great necessity＝be very necessary
很有必要的
be of great use＝be very useful 很有用的
be of no use＝be useless 没有用的
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
be of help＝be helpful 有帮助的
be of benefit＝be beneficial 有益处的
[教材P62] That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We should work hard at English and learn it well, because English is ________________________ great use in international affairs and trades.
②Children and teenagers should spare no efforts to gain good education as good education is very ________________ （value） in their whole lives.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③你旅行时，这张旧地图会很有用。
The old map will ________________________________ while you are travelling.
＝The old map will________________________________ while you are travelling.
句型公式：no matter where/how/what/when...引导让步状语从句
（1）“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
（2）whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
（3）whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how，意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
[教材P62] Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论中国人在哪里生活，也不论说何种方言，他们仍然能通过书写（文字）进行交流。
[佳句] No matter where I am, I will always remember I am a Chinese.
不管我身在何方，我都会记住自己是一名中国人。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①不管谁向他求助，他总是乐于助人。
________________________________________________________________， he is always ready to help.
②无论结果怎样，我们都要笑着接受。
________________________________________________________________， we should accept it with a smile.
③ 无论有多么困难，我决心提前完成工作。
________________________________________________________________ , I'm determined to finish the work ahead of time.
means n．方式；方法；途径
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
by means of 借助……手段；,依靠……方法
by no means 绝不；无论如何也不（置于句首时，句子要部分倒装）
[教材P62] Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.书面汉语也已成为联系中国现在与过去的一个重要手段。
[佳句] If there is another chance in future, I will try every possible means to learn from you.
如果今后还有机会， 我将尝试每一种可能的方法向你学习。
[练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①Every possible_________（mean） has been tried, but none has worked.
②All means ____________________ （try） to get him to change his mind, but none has worked.
③____________________（通过） WeChat, we can keep in touch with our friends for daily communication.
④_________________（绝不） can you cheat in the exam even if you haven't studied well.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
There is no doubt that WeChat is_______________________________________________．
[温馨提示] means用作“方式、方法”时单复数同形。
regard n．尊重；问候，致意；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
（1）regard...as...________ 认为……是……
（2）have a high regard for... 钦佩/敬重……
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
give one's regards to... 代某人向……问候
[教材P62] The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
对汉字书写体系的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看出来，这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
[佳句] It is known to us that Jackson is regarded as one of the most famous musicians.
众所周知， 杰克逊被认为是最著名的音乐人之一。
[练通]——写出下列句子中regard的含义
①She has no regard for other people's feelings.________________________
②With regard to Chinese writing system，we thought it of great importance. ____________
③Give my best regards to your parents and I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.________________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
④我把李雷当作我最好的朋友，因为我们的友谊建立在信任的基础上。
I_______________________________， because our friendship is based on trust.
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
（1）appreciate doing sth. 喜欢/感激做某事
appreciate sb.'s doing sth. 感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
（2）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
[教材P62] As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。
[佳句] I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing.
我将很感激你允许我定个其他日期领着你参观北京。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I appreciate ________________________（give） the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②Your consideration about my application would be highly ________________（appreciate）.
③Here I sincerely express my ________________（appreciate） if you could give me some advice on how to learn English.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④如果你乐意帮助我们， 我将不胜感激。
________________________________________ you are willing to give a hand to us.
[点津] appreciate后接动名词，但不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以人作宾语。
struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle for... 努力争取……；为……而斗争
struggle against/with... 与……做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[教材P64）When I started studying German, it was a struggle.
当我开始学习德语时，这可是一件难事。
[佳句] Despite his terrible injuries, the man wouldn't give up the struggle for life.尽管受了严重的伤，那人仍不愿放弃为生存而斗争。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Helen Keller became deaf and blind, but she never gave up and struggled ________________（lead） an active life.
②Even though Dr Yuan is in his 80s, he is still struggling ________________ his bigger dream.
③We have to struggle________________________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站了起来继续往前跑。
Though he was badly injured, he _______________________________ and went on running.
point of view 观点；看法
在某人看来
have a good view of 好好欣赏/观看
come into view 进入视野；映入眼帘
[教材P64）I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view.
我终于达到了一个可以用外语思考的境地，并且我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。
[佳句] You can have a good view of the beautiful sunrise and sunset from the window.
从窗子这里你可以好好欣赏美丽的日出和日落。
[写美]——一句多译
在我看来，通过这些活动，你可以更好地了解春节。
①________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
②________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
③________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
句型公式：have trouble with 与某人有纠纷；做某事有困难
have difficulty with sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth.
做某事有麻烦/困难
[教材P66] I used to get high marks in English, but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening.以前我的英语成绩还挺好的，但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。
[佳句] I am not good at English, and I have a lot of trouble with my grammar.
我不擅长英语，我在语法方面有很多麻烦。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①If you have some trouble （in） ________________ （get） along with your friends, you can write to them.
②You can't imagine what trouble I had ________________ （solve） the problem.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。
________________________________________________________________ , our teachers always help us patiently.
[点津] 在使用have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth时，trouble/difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语变为have doing形式。
equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的
（1）be equal to 等于
be equal to （doing） sth.
胜任（做）某事
A equals B in sth. A在某方面比得上B
（2）without equal 无与伦比，无敌
（3）equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地
[教材P66] Our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.我们关系密切，彼此平等，所以我只需要说几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。
[佳句] His calligraphy is without equal/has no equal in our city at present.
他的书法水平目前在我们市是无与伦比的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I don't think he is equal to________________ （do） this kind of work.
②Finally, black people achieved their dream of being equal ________________white people.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③其次，要积极向上、心情愉快，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。
For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health_________________________．
calm adj.平静的，安静的，冷静的，沉着的
n．平静，风平浪静，平稳 vt.使安静，使镇静
vi.变安静 calmly adv.镇静地/镇定下来，冷静地
calm down 安静下来
calm oneself 使自己镇定下来
calm sb. down 使某人安静
[练通]——单句语法填空
④To solve the problem, parents should learn to calm ________________Ｗ．
⑤The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking ________________ （calm）back at me.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑥我们应该保持冷静， 尽力拯救我们自己， 并帮助别人。
________________________________________________________________________________ and try to save ourselves and help others.
demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
（1）be in （great） demand （迫切）需求
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
（2）demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that...（should） do... 要求……（应该）做……
（3）demanding adj. 高要求的；要求严格的
[教材P66] But if I'm talking to someone who isn't very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand...
但是，如果我是跟一个与我不太亲近的人说话，那么我得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个请求，而不是一个要求……
[佳句] With the development of society, more teachers are in great demand in the future.
随着社会的发展， 未来迫切需要更多合格的老师。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Face masks has been ________________ great demand since COVID 19 broke out.
②The official demanded that foods and other supplies ________________________ （send） to the disaster area immediately.
[写美]——一句多译
图书管理员要求他把从图书馆借的书还回来。
③The librarian demanded of him________________________________________________ he had borrowed from the library.
④The librarian demanded that________________________________________________ he had borrowed from the library.
description n．描写（文字）；形容
（1）beyond description 无法形容，难以描述
give a description of... 描写/描述……
（2）describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘
[教材P67] Does the writer give a clear description of the problem？
作者是否清楚地描述了这个问题？
[佳句] He gave us a short description of the city. 他向我们简短地介绍了这个城市。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①黄山的美景是无法形容的。
The beautiful sight of Mount Huang __________________________________________________．
②请描述一个你感到自豪的成就。
Please________________________________________________________________________________________________________ that you are proud of.
relate vt.联系；讲述
（1）relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
（2）related adj. 有关的
be related to 与……有关
（3）relation n. 关系；联系
[教材P67] Does each sentence relate to the main idea？
每个句子都与主旨有关吗？
[佳句] The teacher was trying to help the students understand the words and relate them to each other. 老师正试图帮助学生理解这些词语， 并将它们彼此联系起来。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The position calls for ________________（relate） experience in the field and good skills at using computers.
②Many scientists think there is a ________________ （relate） between global warming and natural disasters.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我很高兴与你分享一则好消息， 与中文演讲比赛有关。
I am glad to share with you a piece of good news, ___________________________________________．
【参考答案】
①natives ②to ③how we learned our native language
①your bad attitude towards/to your work ②have a positive attitude towards/to your work
①提到 ②查阅 ③指的是 ④把 …… 称作 ⑤refer to his note bo
①is based ②basic ③is based on a true story ④Based on a true story
①dating from/back to ②which dates from/back to
①when ②leaving ③There was a time when
④varieties ⑤various ⑥to ⑦various/a variety of/varieties of
①in ②majority ③inspired me to major in English
①of ②valuable ③be very useful be of great use
①Whoever/No matter who asks him for help ②Whatever/No matter what the result is ③No matter how/However difficult it is
①means ②have been tried ③By means of ④By no means ⑤an important means of communication
①尊重 ②关于 ③致意，问候 ④regard Li Lei as my best friend
①being given ②appreciated ③appreciation ④I would appreciate it if
①to lead ②for ③against/with ④struggled to his feet
①From my point of view ②In my view/opinion ③As far as I'm concerned
①getting ②solving ③Whenever we have trouble with our studies
①doing ②to ③is equal to your physical health
④down ⑤calmly ⑥We should keep calm
①in ②(should) be sent ③to return the books ④he (should) return the books
①is beyond description ②describe an achievement
①related ②relation ③which is related to a Chinese speech contest
第三节 应用与提升
1. 分类默写 精准记忆
阅读词汇学其意
system n. ______________________
despite prep. ______________________
factor n. ______________________
bone n. ______________________
carve vt. &vi. ______________________
dynasty n. ______________________
dialect n. ______________________
classic adj. ______________________n. ______________________
calligraphy n. ______________________
petrol n. (gas) ______________________
subway n. (underground) ______________________
gap n. ______________________
高频词汇知其形
_____________ adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
_____________ n. 态度；看法
_____________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
_____________ n. 方式；方法；途径
_____________ n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
_____________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
_____________ n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏击
_____________ n. 公寓套房
_____________ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
_____________ n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
_____________ n. 词汇
_____________ vt. 联系；讲述
拓展词汇通变化
reference n. 指称关系；参考→______________vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→_____________ v. 变化；不同→_____________ adj. 各种各样的
major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→_____________ n. 大多数
global adj. 全球的；全世界的→______________n. 地球；地球仪
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→_____________ n. 感激；欣赏→_____________ adj. 感激的
beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→_____________ n. 乞丐
equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→______________adv. 平等地→_____________ n. 平等
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要vi. 查问→_____________ adj. 要求高的
description n. 描写(文字)；形容→_____________ vt. 描述
relate vt. 联系；讲述→_____________ adj. 与……相关；涉及；谈到→_____________ n. 关系→_____________ n. 关系
4. 高频词块明搭配
______________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
______________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
______________________ 观点；看法
______________________ 注意
______________________ 因……而出名
______________________ 追溯到
______________________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
______________________ 把……看作
______________________ 对……的态度
______________________ 以……为基础
______________________ 为……而斗争
______________________ 放弃
参考答案
阅读词汇学其意
system n. 体系；制度；系统
despite prep. 即使；尽管
factor n. 因素；要素
bone n. 骨头；骨(质)
carve vt. &vi. 雕刻
dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
dialect n. 地方话；方言
classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
petrol n. (gas) 汽油
subway n. (underground) 地铁
gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
高频词汇知其形
native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
attitude n. 态度；看法
based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
means n. 方式；方法；途径
regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏击
apartment n. 公寓套房
beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
vocabulary n. 词汇
relate vt. 联系；讲述
拓展词汇通变化
reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer_vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化；不同→various adj. 各种各样的
major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数
global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe_n. 地球；地球仪
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 感激的
beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n. 乞丐
equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally_adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的
description n. 描写(文字)；形容→describe vt. 描述
relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 与……相关；涉及；谈到→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系
4. 高频词块明搭配
ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
point of view 观点；看法
pay attention to 注意
be known for 因……而出名
date back (to... ) 追溯到
refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
regard... as 把……看作
attitude towards/to 对……的态度
be based on 以……为基础
struggle for 为……而斗争
give up 放弃
语境实战 翻译提升
词汇语法实战演习
Ⅰ. 品句填词
Our programme ensures daily opportunities to practice English with __________ (本土的) speakers.
Being out of work produces a negative __________ (态度) to work.
The computer __________ (系统) keeps crashing and no one is able to figure out why.
Price will be a decisive __________ (因素) in the success of this new product.
White has always been a __________ (象征) of purity in Western cultures.
This valuable, rare vase belongs to Ming __________ (王朝) ， a golden age in Chinese history.
It’s difficult for me to understand him for he speaks __________ (方言) .
We spent a week visiting the wonders of ancient Greek __________ (文明) .
He managed to eat a big lunch __________ (尽管) having eaten an enormous breakfast.
English __________ (主修学生) would be asked to explore the roots of language.
You can't really __________ (欣赏) foreign literature in translation.
This is a children's television programme which is aimed at a __________ (具体的) age group.
As is known to us, there is a generation __________ (差距) between the young and the old.
It is a good idea to read English novels to enlarge your __________ (词汇) ．
We need to explain why these issues are important and __________ (联系) them to everyday
While learning a second language, students should also be aware of the importance of mastering their mother __________ (母语) .
The ________________ (地铁) plays a key role in the city’s transportation system.
One of the biggest expenses in the home is __________ (汽油) and electricity.
She promised to help me move into my new __________ (公寓套房) on the weekend.
We are honestly so happy to have you all in the course this __________ (学期).
II. 拓展研习
1. We should try to improve _______(we) through learning.
2. The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ______(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
3. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________ (regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.
4. He felt it rather difficult to be against the opinion of the _______(major).
5. Chinese writing was first done by _______(carve) symbols onto bones and shells.
6. What is your attitude _______ senior high students taking up a part time job
7. Henry told me that there was a time ______he stayed up every night going over his lessons.
8. You’d better learn some ______(base) Chinese before you come to our school. Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.
9. As the world has become a global village, learning English well is _____great importance to us all.
10. As is known to us, China is widely known ________ its ancient civilization.
11. ___________ (compare) with my deskmate, I am proud of what I did.
12. Having a good knowledge of English _________ (mean) we can see the world through a new window.
13. Faced with so many new things to learn, I was at a loss what ________ (do) next.
14. He gave us a clear ___________ (describe) of the accident.
15. They think learning English well is one of the _________ (demand) of modern society and will do good to us.
16. As far as I know, he is quite equal ___the job.
17. He has got used to _______(live) in the quiet village.
18. When I listen to native English speakers ______ (talk) in a video, I can understand only a few words.
19. ________ (read) classic books opened a window for me to another world.
20. I really appreciate ________(have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
III. 单句写作
双方不太可能弥合彼此之间的差距。(It is unlikely that......)
________ ________ ________ ________ the two sides will be able to________ ________ ________.
我最大的问题是如何与以英语为母语者交谈。(“疑问词+不定式”作表语)
My biggest problem________ ________ ________ talk to native English speakers.
这项工作很有挑战性，但是我相信你会证明你胜任它。(prove)
It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you'll ________ ________ ________ it.
我们费了很大劲跟他解释这个过程。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ this process to him.
按要求这些书应在两周内归还给学校图书馆。(demand 后用虚拟语气)
It’s demanded that the books ________ ________ ________ the school library within two weeks.
在老师的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。
With the teacher’s encouragement, he gradually ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我过去上班时，时常在路上碰到他。(used to 过去常常)
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ from time to time on my way to work.
我忘记了那次战役的日期，所以我查阅了历史书。(refer to)
I had forgotten the date of that battle so I________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我迟到的原因是我被困在大雨中了。(why引导定语从句)
_______ ________ ________ ________ ________ was that I was caught in a heavy rain.
他们的友谊已经发展到可以分享悲伤和幸福的阶段。(where引导定语从句，代指抽象意义地点)
They have developed their friendship to a stage ________ ________ ________ ________ sorrow and happiness.
课文与语法填空
I. 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is 1. __________ (wide) famous for its ancient 2. __________ (civilise) which has continued into modern times thanks to the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a language 3. __________ (base) on symbols carved on bones and shells. The symbols had become a well－developed writing system by the Shang Dynasty. In the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese people 4. __________ (divide) geographically, 5. __________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters.
6. __________ Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major 7. __________ (state), he had the Chinese writing system unified, 8. __________ helped unite the Chinese people and culture. Today, almost all Chinese people can communicate in writing.
Now with China playing 9. __________ important role in global affairs, more and more international students are beginning to appreciate China through this 10. __________ (amaze) language.
II. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lion dance is a form of 1. __________ (tradition)dance in China, 2. __________ can be often seen in important festivals and great events. China is home 3. __________ the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance. The two performances 4. __________ (welcome)by people from various ethnic groups for generations. It is said 5. __________ the lion dance in China originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties with 6. __________ history of more than one thousand years. The lions stand for joy and 7. __________ (happy). Therefore，during festivals and grand ceremonies，people would perform lion dance to create a happy and 8. __________ (excite)atmosphere. Many young people know that the dragon dance and the lion dance are performed during festivals such as Spring Festival，Spring Festival fairs and celebrations. But they don’t know that after several thousand years the two activities have accumulated thick historical cultures and are 9. __________ (extreme)valuable cultural heritages 10. __________ (hand)down from Chinese people’s ancestors.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 品句填词
native 2. attitude 3. system 4. factor 5. symbol 6. Dynasty
7. dialect 8. civilisation 9. despite 10. majors 11. appreciate 12. specific
13. gap 14. vocabulary 15. relate 16. tongue 17. subway 18. petrol
19. apartment 20. semester
II. 拓展研习
ourselves 2. reference 3. is regarded 4. majority 5. carving 6. towards/to
7. when 8. basic 9. of 10. for 11. Compared 12. means 13. to do 14. description 15. demands 16. to 17. living 18. talking
19. Reading 20. having
III. 单句写作
It is unlikely that, bridge their gaps .
is how to
prove equal to
had great/much trouble explaining
(should) be returned to
developed a positive attitude towards/to life
used to run into him
referred to a history book
The reason why I was late
where they can share
语法填空
Ⅰ. 1. widely 2. civilisation 3. based 4. were divided 5. leading
6. After 7. states 8. which 9. an 10. amazing
Ⅱ. 1. traditional 2. which 3. to 4. have been welcomed 5. that
6. a 7. happiness 8. exciting 9. extremely 10. handedUnit 5 超前集中 词汇篇
2019人教版高考英语必修第一册
英语24字整体教学讲义
目 录
第一节 认识与记忆
逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读
第二节 透析与拓展
重点精讲 例析拓展
第三节 应用与提升
1. 分类默写 精准记忆
2. 语境实战 翻译提升
第一节 认识与记忆
逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读
（“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆）
单元词汇
billion / b lj n/ n. 十亿
native / ne t v/ a. 本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
attitude / t tju d; NAmE t tu d/ n. 态度；看法
reference / refr ns/ n. 指称关系；参考
refer /r f (r)/ vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
refer to /r f (r) t / 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
system / s st m/ n. 体系；制度；系统
despite /d spa t/ prep. 即使；尽管
ups and downs / ps nd da nz/ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
factor / f kt (r)/ n. 因素；要素
based /be st/ adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的
base /be s/ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
date back to ... /de t b k t / 追溯到
bone /b n/ n. 骨头；骨（质）
shell / el/ n. 壳；壳状物
symbol / s mbl/ n. 符号；象征
carve /kɑ v/ vt. & vi. 雕刻
dynasty / d n sti; NAmE da -/ n. 王朝；朝代
variety /v ra ti/ n. （植物、语言等）变体；异体
major / me d (r)/ a. 主要的；重要的 n. 主修课
no matter where, who, what, etc. 不论……；不管……
dialect / da lekt/ n. 地方话；方言
means /mi nz/ n. 方式；方法；途径
classic / kl s k/ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
regard /r gɑ d/ n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
character / k r kt (r)/ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
calligraphy /k l gr fi/ n. 书法；书法艺术
global / gl bl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的
affair / fe (r)/ n. 公共事务；事件；关系
appreciate / pri ie t/ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激 vi. 增值
specific /sp s f k/ adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的
CE / si i / ( = Common Era ) 公元
struggle / str gl/ n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
tongue /t / n. 舌头；语言
point of view /p nt v vju / 观点；看法
semester /s mest (r)/ n. 学期
gas /g s/ n. 汽油；气体；燃气
petrol / petr l/ n. ( NAmE gas ) 汽油
subway / s bwe / n. (BrE underground) 地铁
apartment / pɑ tm nt/ n. (especially NAmE )公寓套房
pants /p nts/ n. [pl.] (BrE) 内裤；短裤；（especially NAmE）裤子
beg /beg/ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
equal / i kw l/ n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的
gap /g p/ n. 间隔；开口；差距
demand /d mɑ nd/ n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
vocabulary /v k bj l ri; NAmE -leri/ n. 词汇
description /d skr p n/ n. 描写（文字）；形容
relate /r le t/ vt. 联系；讲述
relate to /r le t t / 与……相关；涉及；谈到
Korean /k 'r n/ n. & a. （朝鲜/韩国） （语/人）的
Danish / de n / n. 丹麦语；丹麦人 a. 丹麦的
Denmark /'denmɑ k/ 丹麦（国家名）
Arabic / r b k/ n. & a. 阿拉伯语/文学（的）
FIFA / fi f / abbr. （源自法语） 国际足联；国际足球联合会
辅音字母组合的读音（2）
辅字组 读 音 例 词
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[] patient nation
tch [] watch
th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[] the these with than
[] clothe father weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] answer two
wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] examle exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
第二节 透析与拓展
重点精讲 例析拓展
native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人
（1）be native to 原产于；源于
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
（2）be a native of... ……土生土长的人；
原产于……的动物或植物
[教材P60] How many billion people speak the UN's official languages as their native or second language？有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
[佳句] Above all, being a native of the city, I know a lot about its history and culture.最重要的是， 作为本地市民， 我很了解它的历史和文化。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①During their visit to that country, they communicated with________________ （native） there happily.
②When it comes to Chengdu, the first thing that comes to your mind is pandas, which are native ________________Sichuan.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③ 当我们学习一门外语的时候， 需要记住我们是如何学会我们的母语的。
When we are learning a second language we need to remember______________________．
attitude n．态度；看法
attitude to/towards...________ 对……的态度/看法
have/take a（n）...attitude to/towards...
对……持……的态度
[教材P60] What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning
说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？
[佳句] Most students hold a positive attitude to this kind of after class activity.
大部分学生对这类的课外活动持有积极态度。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①正是你对工作不好的态度使你父母生气。
It was________________________________________________________________________________________________ that made your parents angry.
②无论你面临什么问题，都应该对工作有积极的态度。
No matter what problems you are faced with，you should__________________________.
refer to 指的是；描述；涉及；提到；参考，查阅
（1）refer to...as...________ 把……称作……
refer...to... 把……提交给……
（2）reference n. 指称关系；参考；涉及；提及；查阅
reference books 参考书
[教材P60] Pay attention to the context of words to help you understand what the pronouns refer to.
注意单词的语境，帮助你理解代词指的是什么。
[佳句] While giving the English speech, competitors should not refer to the notes.
做英语演讲时，参赛选手应该不看演讲稿。
[练通]——写出下列句子中refer to的含义
①The official referred to the rescue workers several times at the meeting. ________________________
②For more information, you can refer to China Daily's official website.________________________
③When I said some people were stupid, I wasn't referring to you.________________________
④As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng. ________________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记本。
He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didn't________________________ while delivering his speech.
base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
（1）base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
（2）basic adj. 基础的；基本的
basically adv. 基本地
[教材P62] At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture based language.
最初，书面汉语是一种以象形文字为基础的语言。
[佳句] When it comes to choosing between arts and science, the basic rule is to base our choice on our own interest and strengths.
当谈到选择文科和理科的时候， 基本的原则是把我们的选择建立在我们的兴趣和强项的基础上。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The film which ________________（base） on a true story of her mother is very moving.
②He made every effort to meet his son's ________________（base） needs.
[写美]——一句多译
以一个真实故事为基础，这部电影非常受欢迎。
③The film________________________， and it is very popular.
④_______________________________________， the film is very popular.（分词作状语）
date back （to...）追溯到
（1）date back to...＝date from... 追溯到
（2）out of date 过时的，陈旧的
[教材P62] It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。
[佳句] Beijing Opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty, has a history of more than 200 years.
京剧有超过200年的历史， 可追溯至清朝。
[写美]——一句多译
这座追溯到唐朝的古老建筑保存得很好。
①The old building___________________________ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.
②The old building____________________ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.
[点津] date back to/date from一般无进行时态； 无被动语态； 作后置定语时， 需用现在分词形式。
句型公式：It was a time when...这/那是一个……的时期 v． ing短语作结果状语
（1）There was a time when... 曾有一段时间……
（2）“leading to many varieties of dialects and characters”为v. ing短语作结果状语。
[教材P62] Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
多年以来，这种书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为这是一个人们被居住地域分隔的时期，从而导致方言和汉字的多样性也随之产生。
[佳句] It was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.那是这个女孩不能说话的一段时间。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It was a time________________ he was very disappointed and wanted to leave here.
②He got up late and hurried to his office，________________（leave） the breakfast untouched.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③有一段时间我和同学们相处得不好。
________________________________ I didn't get along well with my classmates.
variety n．（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化；多变（性）
（1）a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
（2）various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的
for various reasons 由于种种原因
（3）vary vt. & vi. 使多样化；改变；变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
[佳句] Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and rich varieties of fruit. 一进入农场， 我们就被农场的整洁和丰富的水果种类吸引了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
④There are________________（variety） of goods in the supermarket.
⑤For________________（variety） reasons, she refused to accept the job.
⑥On whether it is necessary to create a parents' WeChat group, the students' opinions vary from person ________________ person.
[写美]——词汇升级
⑦In my free time, I'd like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and all kinds of ball games.
→In my free time, I'd like to take exercise, such as swimming, running and___________ball games.
major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
（1）a major problem 一个重大问题
（2）major in... 主修……；以……为专业
（3）majority n. 大多数；大半
the majority of 大多数
[教材P62] Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.秦始皇统一了七大诸侯国，形成了一个统一的国家，中国的书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
[佳句] To my amazement，the exchange student majored in calligraphy at college.
令我惊讶的是，这名交换生在大学主修书法。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I have a gift for language, so I major________________ English in college.
②When it comes to education, the________________（major） of people believe that education is of great importance.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语，成为中国与世界之间的桥梁。
In fact, he________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
句型公式：“be of＋抽象名词”结构
be of＋抽象名词＝be＋对应形容词
be of （great） importance＝be （very） important
非常重要的
be of great value＝be （very） valuable
非常有价值的
be of great necessity＝be very necessary
很有必要的
be of great use＝be very useful 很有用的
be of no use＝be useless 没有用的
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
be of help＝be helpful 有帮助的
be of benefit＝be beneficial 有益处的
[教材P62] That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We should work hard at English and learn it well, because English is ________________________ great use in international affairs and trades.
②Children and teenagers should spare no efforts to gain good education as good education is very ________________ （value） in their whole lives.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③你旅行时，这张旧地图会很有用。
The old map will ________________________________ while you are travelling.
＝The old map will________________________________ while you are travelling.
句型公式：no matter where/how/what/when...引导让步状语从句
（1）“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
（2）whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
（3）whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how，意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。
[教材P62] Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论中国人在哪里生活，也不论说何种方言，他们仍然能通过书写（文字）进行交流。
[佳句] No matter where I am, I will always remember I am a Chinese.
不管我身在何方，我都会记住自己是一名中国人。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①不管谁向他求助，他总是乐于助人。
________________________________________________________________， he is always ready to help.
②无论结果怎样，我们都要笑着接受。
________________________________________________________________， we should accept it with a smile.
③ 无论有多么困难，我决心提前完成工作。
________________________________________________________________ , I'm determined to finish the work ahead of time.
means n．方式；方法；途径
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
by means of 借助……手段；,依靠……方法
by no means 绝不；无论如何也不（置于句首时，句子要部分倒装）
[教材P62] Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.书面汉语也已成为联系中国现在与过去的一个重要手段。
[佳句] If there is another chance in future, I will try every possible means to learn from you.
如果今后还有机会， 我将尝试每一种可能的方法向你学习。
[练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①Every possible_________（mean） has been tried, but none has worked.
②All means ____________________ （try） to get him to change his mind, but none has worked.
③____________________（通过） WeChat, we can keep in touch with our friends for daily communication.
④_________________（绝不） can you cheat in the exam even if you haven't studied well.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
There is no doubt that WeChat is_______________________________________________．
[温馨提示] means用作“方式、方法”时单复数同形。
regard n．尊重；问候，致意；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
（1）regard...as...________ 认为……是……
（2）have a high regard for... 钦佩/敬重……
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
give one's regards to... 代某人向……问候
[教材P62] The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
对汉字书写体系的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看出来，这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
[佳句] It is known to us that Jackson is regarded as one of the most famous musicians.
众所周知， 杰克逊被认为是最著名的音乐人之一。
[练通]——写出下列句子中regard的含义
①She has no regard for other people's feelings.________________________
②With regard to Chinese writing system，we thought it of great importance. ____________
③Give my best regards to your parents and I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.________________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
④我把李雷当作我最好的朋友，因为我们的友谊建立在信任的基础上。
I_______________________________， because our friendship is based on trust.
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
（1）appreciate doing sth. 喜欢/感激做某事
appreciate sb.'s doing sth. 感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
（2）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
[教材P62] As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。
[佳句] I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing.
我将很感激你允许我定个其他日期领着你参观北京。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I appreciate ________________________（give） the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②Your consideration about my application would be highly ________________（appreciate）.
③Here I sincerely express my ________________（appreciate） if you could give me some advice on how to learn English.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④如果你乐意帮助我们， 我将不胜感激。
________________________________________ you are willing to give a hand to us.
[点津] appreciate后接动名词，但不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以人作宾语。
struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle for... 努力争取……；为……而斗争
struggle against/with... 与……做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[教材P64）When I started studying German, it was a struggle.
当我开始学习德语时，这可是一件难事。
[佳句] Despite his terrible injuries, the man wouldn't give up the struggle for life.尽管受了严重的伤，那人仍不愿放弃为生存而斗争。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Helen Keller became deaf and blind, but she never gave up and struggled ________________（lead） an active life.
②Even though Dr Yuan is in his 80s, he is still struggling ________________ his bigger dream.
③We have to struggle________________________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站了起来继续往前跑。
Though he was badly injured, he _______________________________ and went on running.
point of view 观点；看法
在某人看来
have a good view of 好好欣赏/观看
come into view 进入视野；映入眼帘
[教材P64）I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view.
我终于达到了一个可以用外语思考的境地，并且我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。
[佳句] You can have a good view of the beautiful sunrise and sunset from the window.
从窗子这里你可以好好欣赏美丽的日出和日落。
[写美]——一句多译
在我看来，通过这些活动，你可以更好地了解春节。
①________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
②________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
③________________________________， you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
句型公式：have trouble with 与某人有纠纷；做某事有困难
have difficulty with sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth.
做某事有麻烦/困难
[教材P66] I used to get high marks in English, but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening.以前我的英语成绩还挺好的，但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。
[佳句] I am not good at English, and I have a lot of trouble with my grammar.
我不擅长英语，我在语法方面有很多麻烦。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①If you have some trouble （in） ________________ （get） along with your friends, you can write to them.
②You can't imagine what trouble I had ________________ （solve） the problem.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。
________________________________________________________________ , our teachers always help us patiently.
[点津] 在使用have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth时，trouble/difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语变为have doing形式。
equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的
（1）be equal to 等于
be equal to （doing） sth.
胜任（做）某事
A equals B in sth. A在某方面比得上B
（2）without equal 无与伦比，无敌
（3）equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地
[教材P66] Our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.我们关系密切，彼此平等，所以我只需要说几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。
[佳句] His calligraphy is without equal/has no equal in our city at present.
他的书法水平目前在我们市是无与伦比的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I don't think he is equal to________________ （do） this kind of work.
②Finally, black people achieved their dream of being equal ________________white people.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③其次，要积极向上、心情愉快，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。
For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health_________________________．
calm adj.平静的，安静的，冷静的，沉着的
n．平静，风平浪静，平稳 vt.使安静，使镇静
vi.变安静 calmly adv.镇静地/镇定下来，冷静地
calm down 安静下来
calm oneself 使自己镇定下来
calm sb. down 使某人安静
[练通]——单句语法填空
④To solve the problem, parents should learn to calm ________________Ｗ．
⑤The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking ________________ （calm）back at me.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑥我们应该保持冷静， 尽力拯救我们自己， 并帮助别人。
________________________________________________________________________________ and try to save ourselves and help others.
demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
（1）be in （great） demand （迫切）需求
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
（2）demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that...（should） do... 要求……（应该）做……
（3）demanding adj. 高要求的；要求严格的
[教材P66] But if I'm talking to someone who isn't very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand...
但是，如果我是跟一个与我不太亲近的人说话，那么我得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个请求，而不是一个要求……
[佳句] With the development of society, more teachers are in great demand in the future.
随着社会的发展， 未来迫切需要更多合格的老师。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Face masks has been ________________ great demand since COVID 19 broke out.
②The official demanded that foods and other supplies ________________________ （send） to the disaster area immediately.
[写美]——一句多译
图书管理员要求他把从图书馆借的书还回来。
③The librarian demanded of him________________________________________________ he had borrowed from the library.
④The librarian demanded that________________________________________________ he had borrowed from the library.
description n．描写（文字）；形容
（1）beyond description 无法形容，难以描述
give a description of... 描写/描述……
（2）describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘
[教材P67] Does the writer give a clear description of the problem？
作者是否清楚地描述了这个问题？
[佳句] He gave us a short description of the city. 他向我们简短地介绍了这个城市。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①黄山的美景是无法形容的。
The beautiful sight of Mount Huang __________________________________________________．
②请描述一个你感到自豪的成就。
Please________________________________________________________________________________________________________ that you are proud of.
relate vt.联系；讲述
（1）relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
（2）related adj. 有关的
be related to 与……有关
（3）relation n. 关系；联系
[教材P67] Does each sentence relate to the main idea？
每个句子都与主旨有关吗？
[佳句] The teacher was trying to help the students understand the words and relate them to each other. 老师正试图帮助学生理解这些词语， 并将它们彼此联系起来。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The position calls for ________________（relate） experience in the field and good skills at using computers.
②Many scientists think there is a ________________ （relate） between global warming and natural disasters.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我很高兴与你分享一则好消息， 与中文演讲比赛有关。
I am glad to share with you a piece of good news, ___________________________________________．
第三节 应用与提升
1. 分类默写 精准记忆
阅读词汇学其意
system n. ______________________
despite prep. ______________________
factor n. ______________________
bone n. ______________________
carve vt. &vi. ______________________
dynasty n. ______________________
dialect n. ______________________
classic adj. ______________________n. ______________________
calligraphy n. ______________________
petrol n. (gas) ______________________
subway n. (underground) ______________________
gap n. ______________________
高频词汇知其形
_____________ adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
_____________ n. 态度；看法
_____________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
_____________ n. 方式；方法；途径
_____________ n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
_____________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
_____________ n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏击
_____________ n. 公寓套房
_____________ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
_____________ n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
_____________ n. 词汇
_____________ vt. 联系；讲述
拓展词汇通变化
reference n. 指称关系；参考→______________vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→_____________ v. 变化；不同→_____________ adj. 各种各样的
major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→_____________ n. 大多数
global adj. 全球的；全世界的→______________n. 地球；地球仪
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→_____________ n. 感激；欣赏→_____________ adj. 感激的
beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→_____________ n. 乞丐
equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→______________adv. 平等地→_____________ n. 平等
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要vi. 查问→_____________ adj. 要求高的
description n. 描写(文字)；形容→_____________ vt. 描述
relate vt. 联系；讲述→_____________ adj. 与……相关；涉及；谈到→_____________ n. 关系→_____________ n. 关系
4. 高频词块明搭配
______________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
______________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
______________________ 观点；看法
______________________ 注意
______________________ 因……而出名
______________________ 追溯到
______________________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
______________________ 把……看作
______________________ 对……的态度
______________________ 以……为基础
______________________ 为……而斗争
______________________ 放弃
语境实战 翻译提升
词汇语法实战演习
Ⅰ. 品句填词
Our programme ensures daily opportunities to practice English with __________ (本土的) speakers.
Being out of work produces a negative __________ (态度) to work.
The computer __________ (系统) keeps crashing and no one is able to figure out why.
Price will be a decisive __________ (因素) in the success of this new product.
White has always been a __________ (象征) of purity in Western cultures.
This valuable, rare vase belongs to Ming __________ (王朝) ， a golden age in Chinese history.
It’s difficult for me to understand him for he speaks __________ (方言) .
We spent a week visiting the wonders of ancient Greek __________ (文明) .
He managed to eat a big lunch __________ (尽管) having eaten an enormous breakfast.
English __________ (主修学生) would be asked to explore the roots of language.
You can't really __________ (欣赏) foreign literature in translation.
This is a children's television programme which is aimed at a __________ (具体的) age group.
As is known to us, there is a generation __________ (差距) between the young and the old.
It is a good idea to read English novels to enlarge your __________ (词汇) ．
We need to explain why these issues are important and __________ (联系) them to everyday
While learning a second language, students should also be aware of the importance of mastering their mother __________ (母语) .
The ________________ (地铁) plays a key role in the city’s transportation system.
One of the biggest expenses in the home is __________ (汽油) and electricity.
She promised to help me move into my new __________ (公寓套房) on the weekend.
We are honestly so happy to have you all in the course this __________ (学期).
II. 拓展研习
1. We should try to improve _______(we) through learning.
2. The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ______(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
3. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________ (regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.
4. He felt it rather difficult to be against the opinion of the _______(major).
5. Chinese writing was first done by _______(carve) symbols onto bones and shells.
6. What is your attitude _______ senior high students taking up a part time job
7. Henry told me that there was a time ______he stayed up every night going over his lessons.
8. You’d better learn some ______(base) Chinese before you come to our school. Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.
9. As the world has become a global village, learning English well is _____great importance to us all.
10. As is known to us, China is widely known ________ its ancient civilization.
11. ___________ (compare) with my deskmate, I am proud of what I did.
12. Having a good knowledge of English _________ (mean) we can see the world through a new window.
13. Faced with so many new things to learn, I was at a loss what ________ (do) next.
14. He gave us a clear ___________ (describe) of the accident.
15. They think learning English well is one of the _________ (demand) of modern society and will do good to us.
16. As far as I know, he is quite equal ___the job.
17. He has got used to _______(live) in the quiet village.
18. When I listen to native English speakers ______ (talk) in a video, I can understand only a few words.
19. ________ (read) classic books opened a window for me to another world.
20. I really appreciate ________(have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
III. 单句写作
双方不太可能弥合彼此之间的差距。(It is unlikely that......)
________ ________ ________ ________ the two sides will be able to________ ________ ________.
我最大的问题是如何与以英语为母语者交谈。(“疑问词+不定式”作表语)
My biggest problem________ ________ ________ talk to native English speakers.
这项工作很有挑战性，但是我相信你会证明你胜任它。(prove)
It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you'll ________ ________ ________ it.
我们费了很大劲跟他解释这个过程。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ this process to him.
按要求这些书应在两周内归还给学校图书馆。(demand 后用虚拟语气)
It’s demanded that the books ________ ________ ________ the school library within two weeks.
在老师的鼓励下，他逐渐对生活有了积极的态度。
With the teacher’s encouragement, he gradually ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我过去上班时，时常在路上碰到他。(used to 过去常常)
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ from time to time on my way to work.
我忘记了那次战役的日期，所以我查阅了历史书。(refer to)
I had forgotten the date of that battle so I________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我迟到的原因是我被困在大雨中了。(why引导定语从句)
_______ ________ ________ ________ ________ was that I was caught in a heavy rain.
他们的友谊已经发展到可以分享悲伤和幸福的阶段。(where引导定语从句，代指抽象意义地点)
They have developed their friendship to a stage ________ ________ ________ ________ sorrow and happiness.
课文与语法填空
I. 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is 1. __________ (wide) famous for its ancient 2. __________ (civilise) which has continued into modern times thanks to the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a language 3. __________ (base) on symbols carved on bones and shells. The symbols had become a well－developed writing system by the Shang Dynasty. In the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese people 4. __________ (divide) geographically, 5. __________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters.
6. __________ Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major 7. __________ (state), he had the Chinese writing system unified, 8. __________ helped unite the Chinese people and culture. Today, almost all Chinese people can communicate in writing.
Now with China playing 9. __________ important role in global affairs, more and more international students are beginning to appreciate China through this 10. __________ (amaze) language.
II. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lion dance is a form of 1. __________ (tradition)dance in China, 2. __________ can be often seen in important festivals and great events. China is home 3. __________ the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance. The two performances 4. __________ (welcome)by people from various ethnic groups for generations. It is said 5. __________ the lion dance in China originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties with 6. __________ history of more than one thousand years. The lions stand for joy and 7. __________ (happy). Therefore，during festivals and grand ceremonies，people would perform lion dance to create a happy and 8. __________ (excite)atmosphere. Many young people know that the dragon dance and the lion dance are performed during festivals such as Spring Festival，Spring Festival fairs and celebrations. But they don’t know that after several thousand years the two activities have accumulated thick historical cultures and are 9. __________ (extreme)valuable cultural heritages 10. __________ (hand)down from Chinese people’s ancestors.
