04. 2024-2025学年高一英语作业考试化40分钟组合卷之完形填空
最新全国各地真题模拟题 学生版
班级：_________ 姓名：_________________ 分数：___________
【试题说明】
语法填空 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数
1 人与社会之帮助他人照顾猫的收获 记叙文 531 适中(0.65)
2 人与社会之珍惜和享受旅程 记叙文 476 适中(0.65)
3 人与社会之第一次环球航行 记叙文 478 适中(0.65)
4 人与社会之友谊的感悟 应用文 307 适中(0.65)
【完型填空能力训练目标】
完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。
解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。
词语辨析能力
语法结构分析能力
语篇理解能力
逻辑推理能力
文化背景透析能力
作者意图剖析能力
生活常识综合运用能力
【完形填空特点】
题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章.
内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨.
考察近义词语细微差别的辨析.
考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等.
关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力.
侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑
【解题方法】
总的原则: “先完意，后完形”
八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。
三步曲：读——填——读
【习题精做】
1
（23-24高一上·福建福州·期末）Five years ago, a friend asked me to look after his cat while he went on holiday, and I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale. So I moved to London and decided to 1 cat sitting.
For me, cat sitting is about 2 two groups of people who need what the other can offer. I get to stay in people’s 3 without rent while they’re on holiday. The owners get 4 cat sitting. It also means that there is someone to keep an eye on their homes while they are away. It seems a fairer 5 than just watering plants or walking dogs—I’m more of a cat person.
I have always loved cats, and their gentle temper makes them ideal 6 for someone working from home. Cats have such different personalities, so it’s not surprising that I 7 more with some than others. An owner once told me not to 8 her cat to sit on me, as it had happened only once. But just four days later, the cat came over and sat on my lap. I sent her a photo!
Cat sitting helps me with my 9 anxiety disorder, too. I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t. Sometimes, this anxiety even 10 me from leaving the house. But since becoming a cat sitter my mental health has 11 . Having my own 12 gives me the power to plan my day. I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want. The cats have 13 helped.
Now I have stayed in 25 houses, 14 30 cats and saved more than 10,000 pounds that would have gone on 15 . One day I want to save up for a flat so I can have a cat of my own.
1. A. study B. start C. observe D. explore
2. A. judging B. recommending C. comparing D. connecting
3. A. homes B. hearts C. offices D. lives
4. A. impressive B. free C. serious D. actual
5. A. experiment B. solution C. exchange D. partner
6. A. employers B. companions C. assistants D. instructors
7. A. addict B. attract C. trust D. bond
8. A. guide B. expect C. force D. wave
9. A. social B. physical C. cultural D. personal
10. A. forbids B. shelters C. challenges D. discourages
11. A. worsened B. suffered C. improved D. advanced
12. A. space B. strength C. job D. flat
13. A. curiously B. obviously C. narrowly D. honestly
14. A. given away B. attended to C. brought up D. left out
15. A. holiday B. credit C. rent D. sale
2
（23-24高一下·河北·期末）I was excited to take my dog Georgie to the river the other day. Having spent her first six years in a cage, she had never 16 a body of water. I wanted to get there before sunset to watch her 17 it.
I was growing increasingly 18 about all the stops she made. She checked the grass, dirt, and trees. These were all new discoveries for her, and it 19 her time to study them.
When I 20 that it was fruitless to hurry her along, I pulled out my cell phone and began texting. I needed something to do while Georgie was slowing us down.
Then, I 21 the cicadas (蝉), and I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world. That awakened something buried within me that longed for the simple pleasures 22 by technology.
I made a conscious decision to be present, and to 23 the journey to the river, just like Georgie. The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that 24 me.
Then, I 25 the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path. I 26 the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air. I 27 each one equally, as if 28 them for the first time. As we 29 our destination, I realized something even more important: It doesn't 30 whether we reach the river. Why must there always be a destination
16. A. seen B. feared C. imagined D. covered
17. A. cross B. experience C. follow D. avoid
18. A. excited B. content C. impatient D. indifferent
19. A. made B. took C. waited D. wasted
20. A. warned B. promised C. wondered D. recognized
21. A. spotted B. missed C. heard D. ignored
22. A. replaced B. inspired C. impressed D. invented
23. A. hurry B. plan C. end D. enjoy
24. A. persuaded B. reminded C. warned D. accompanied
25. A. admired B. compared C. recorded D. shared
26. A. defended B. received C. smelled D. afforded
27. A. introduced B. treasured C. pleased D. prepared
28. A. judging B. confirming C. discovering D. managing
29. A. neared B. forgot C. sought D. changed
30. A. make any sense B. make any effort C. hurt D. matter
3
（23-24高一下·山东聊城·期末）In the fall of 1522, a leaky ship made port in Spain with 18 tired crewmen, all that survived of some 240 who’d manned a bold, trade mission.
Chales I, the young Spanish king, was no longer willing to 31 overland trade routes for the spice that was so 32 in Europe. He appointed an expedition(探险队) to find a new 33 to Pacific islands rich with spices, and as captain he hired Ferdinand Magellan, a skilled Portuguese sailor who 34 believed the Earth was round, a theory not yet 35 .
The fleet was to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, and 36 the same way. They also were to focus on trade routes and 37 conquest (征服) and religion. Magellan wouldn’t obey the 38 , with disastrous and historic results. In September 1519, five ships set sail, 39 to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years.
The voyage stretched to three years. They survived with the 40 of Indigenous people they met, treating some 41 but others cruelly or violently. Quitting trade for conquest, Magellan 42 an island in the Philippines and was 43 in the surf. A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home with an unplanned 44 :proof that the Earth was round.
The first voyage of the globe-a 45 feat(丰功伟绩) of exploration and science— changed the world forever, sparking globalization and abuse of colonization for centuries to come.
31. A. give up B. rely on C. look for D. test out
32. A. abundant B. common C. attractive D. popular
33. A. direction B. access C. route D. entrance
34. A. firmly B. reluctantly C. slightly D. nervously
35. A. declared B. proved C. analyzed D. evaluated
36. A. sail B. continue C. follow D. return
37. A. avoid B. perform C. launch D. promote
38. A. timetable B. schedule C. order D. custom
39. A. failing B. waiting C. intending D. stopping
40. A. help B. agreement C. gratitude D. relief
41. A. equally B. fairly C. seriously D. carefully
42. A. searched B. flooded C. attacked D. abandoned
43. A. defeated B. swallowed C. trapped D. killed
44. A. achievement B. expectation C. dream D. process
45. A. mysterious B. remarkable C. predictable D. strange
4
（23-24高一上·全国·单元测试）To my friend Jane,
We laugh about my bad memory, don't we But I 46 the day I met you.
As a child, I had changed homes and schools many times. My family kept 47 , again and again. I had little hope for my time in Vancouver. I set my expectations as 48 as possible, aiming only for high-school graduation.
But that September day, as I 49 the crowd of ( 一群) teenagers — you walked up to me. And you said: “Hi there. You're 50 here, aren't you I'm Jane.”
You asked me where I had come from and why I was in Vancouver. But you didn't ask for details. 51 , you asked me where I lived and if I took the bus to school. Then you asked, “Would you like to come to my house for tea one day ” Sure, I replied, not 52 that would come to pass.
A week later, you did 53 me over. You 54 me to your mother. She 55 us in the sitting room and brought us tea, along with cookies and cakes.
After my 56 that afternoon, you invited me back again. You introduced me to your friends. I became part of your 57 . After that day, I began to 58 that perhaps it was worth investing (投入) in these 59 , giving a bit of myself to you and them.
I do have a bad memory but I shall always remember that my life is 60 because of you.
Thank you, friend.
46. A. share B. celebrate C. remember D. start
47. A. working B. moving C. calling D. travelling
48. A. low B. early C. fast D. quietly
49. A. accepted B. joined C. helped D. surveyed
50. A. right B. new C. safe D. successful
51. A. Certainly B. Instead C. Again D. Usually
52. A. guessing B. deciding C. believing D. doubting
53. A. pull B. take C. win D. invite
54. A. connected B. reported C. introduced D. compared
55. A. settled B. chose C. promised D. refused
56. A. graduation B. return C. holiday D. visit
57. A. family B. circle C. future D. career
58. A. explain B. question C. think D. worry
59. A. differences B. areas C. communications D. friendships
60. A. richer B. more traditional C. busier D. more personal04. 2024-2025学年高一英语考试化40分钟组合卷之完形填空
最新全国各地真题模拟题 教师版
班级：_________ 姓名：_________________ 分数：___________
【试题说明】
语法填空 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数
1 人与社会之帮助他人照顾猫的收获 记叙文 531 适中(0.65)
2 人与社会之珍惜和享受旅程 记叙文 476 适中(0.65)
3 人与社会之第一次环球航行 记叙文 478 适中(0.65)
4 人与社会之友谊的感悟 应用文 307 适中(0.65)
【完型填空能力训练目标】
完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。
解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。
词语辨析能力
语法结构分析能力
语篇理解能力
逻辑推理能力
文化背景透析能力
作者意图剖析能力
生活常识综合运用能力
【完形填空特点】
题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章.
内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨.
考察近义词语细微差别的辨析.
考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等.
关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力.
侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑
【解题方法】
总的原则: “先完意，后完形”
八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。
三步曲：读——填——读
【习题精做】
1
（23-24高一上·福建福州·期末）Five years ago, a friend asked me to look after his cat while he went on holiday, and I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale. So I moved to London and decided to 1 cat sitting.
For me, cat sitting is about 2 two groups of people who need what the other can offer. I get to stay in people’s 3 without rent while they’re on holiday. The owners get 4 cat sitting. It also means that there is someone to keep an eye on their homes while they are away. It seems a fairer 5 than just watering plants or walking dogs—I’m more of a cat person.
I have always loved cats, and their gentle temper makes them ideal 6 for someone working from home. Cats have such different personalities, so it’s not surprising that I 7 more with some than others. An owner once told me not to 8 her cat to sit on me, as it had happened only once. But just four days later, the cat came over and sat on my lap. I sent her a photo!
Cat sitting helps me with my 9 anxiety disorder, too. I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t. Sometimes, this anxiety even 10 me from leaving the house. But since becoming a cat sitter my mental health has 11 . Having my own 12 gives me the power to plan my day. I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want. The cats have 13 helped.
Now I have stayed in 25 houses, 14 30 cats and saved more than 10,000 pounds that would have gone on 15 . One day I want to save up for a flat so I can have a cat of my own.
1. A. study B. start C. observe D. explore
2. A. judging B. recommending C. comparing D. connecting
3. A. homes B. hearts C. offices D. lives
4. A. impressive B. free C. serious D. actual
5. A. experiment B. solution C. exchange D. partner
6. A. employers B. companions C. assistants D. instructors
7. A. addict B. attract C. trust D. bond
8. A. guide B. expect C. force D. wave
9. A. social B. physical C. cultural D. personal
10. A. forbids B. shelters C. challenges D. discourages
11. A. worsened B. suffered C. improved D. advanced
12. A. space B. strength C. job D. flat
13. A. curiously B. obviously C. narrowly D. honestly
14. A. given away B. attended to C. brought up D. left out
15. A. holiday B. credit C. rent D. sale
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者通过帮助他人照顾猫，不仅克服了自己的社交焦虑障碍，还节省了房租。
【解析】
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我搬到了伦敦，决定开始替人照顾猫。A. study学习；B. start开始；C. observe观察；D. explore探索。根据上文“I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale”可知，作者帮朋友照顾猫，于是意识到这个想法有更大的潜力，随后作者决定开始替人照顾猫。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来(各取所需)。A. judging判断；B. recommending推荐； C. comparing比较；D. connecting连接；联系。根据下文“I get to stay in people’s______without rent while they’re on holiday. The owners get______cat sitting”可知，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来，故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里。A. homes家；B. hearts心；C. offices办公室；D. lives生命。根据下文“while they’re on holiday”可知，作者在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里帮他们照顾猫。故选A。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主人可以免费请人来照顾猫。A. impressive给人印象深刻的；B. free免费的；C. serious严肃的；D. actual实际的。根据上文“without rent”可推知，作者不付房租，主人也不用花钱请人来照顾猫，因此空格处是“免费的”。故选B。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是比浇花或遛狗更公平的交换——我更喜欢猫。A. experiment实验；B. solution解决办法；C. exchange交换；D. partner做搭档。根据上文“I get to stay in people’s______without rent while they’re on holiday. The owners get______cat sitting. It also means that there is someone to keep an eye on their homes while they are away”可知，别人请作者来照顾猫，作者省了房租，这是一种交换。故选C。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢猫，它们温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。A. employers雇主；B. companions伙伴；C. assistants助手；D. instructors导师。根据上文“their gentle temper”可知，猫温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。故选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫比其他猫更亲近也就不足为奇了。A. addict沉迷于；B. attract吸引；C. trust信任；D. bond（使）建立亲密关系。根据上文“Cats have such different personalities”可知，猫有如此不同的性格，所以作者和一些猫建立比其他猫更亲近的关系也就不足为奇了。故选D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位猫主人曾经告诉我，不要指望她的猫坐在我身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。A. guide指导；B. expect指望；C. force强迫；D. wave挥手。根据下文“as it had happened only once”可知，那位猫主人是告诉作者不要指望她的猫坐在作者身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。故选B。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照顾猫也能帮助我缓解社交焦虑症。A. social社交的；B. physical身体的；C. cultural文化的；D. personal个人的。根据下文“I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t”可知，作者有社交焦虑症。故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这种焦虑甚至让我不敢出门。A. forbids禁止；B. shelters掩蔽；C. challenges挑战；D. discourages阻碍。根据上文“I want to be around people, but sometimes I can’t”和“my_____anxiety disorder”可知，社交焦虑甚至让作者不敢出门，空格处意为“阻碍”。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从成为猫保姆后，我的心理健康状况有所改善。A. worsened恶化；B. suffered遭受；C. improved改善；D. advanced前进。根据下文“gives me the power to plan my day. I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want”可知，自从作者成为猫保姆后，作者的心理健康状况有所改善。故选C。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有自己的空间让我有能力计划我的一天。A. space空间；B. strength体力，力量；C. job工作；D. flat公寓。根据上文“stay in people’s______without rent while they’re on holiday”可知，作者拥有自己的空间，拥有自己的空间让作者有能力计划作者的一天。故选A。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：猫真地帮了大忙。A. curiously 好奇地；B. obviously显然地；C. narrowly刚好；D. honestly真诚地；确实；真地。根据上文“since becoming a cat sitter my mental health has______”可知，猫真的帮了大忙，空格处意为“真地、确实”。故选D。
14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. given away赠送；B. attended to照顾；C. brought up养大；D. left out遗漏。根据上文“becoming a cat sitter”可知，作者是照顾过30只猫。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. holiday假期；B. credit信贷； C. rent租金；D. sale出售，销售。根据前文“I get to stay in people’s homes without rent while they’re on holiday.”可知，作者省下了1万多英镑的房租。故选C。
2
（23-24高一下·河北·期末）I was excited to take my dog Georgie to the river the other day. Having spent her first six years in a cage, she had never 16 a body of water. I wanted to get there before sunset to watch her 17 it.
I was growing increasingly 18 about all the stops she made. She checked the grass, dirt, and trees. These were all new discoveries for her, and it 19 her time to study them.
When I 20 that it was fruitless to hurry her along, I pulled out my cell phone and began texting. I needed something to do while Georgie was slowing us down.
Then, I 21 the cicadas (蝉), and I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world. That awakened something buried within me that longed for the simple pleasures 22 by technology.
I made a conscious decision to be present, and to 23 the journey to the river, just like Georgie. The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that 24 me.
Then, I 25 the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path. I 26 the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air. I 27 each one equally, as if 28 them for the first time. As we 29 our destination, I realized something even more important: It doesn't 30 whether we reach the river. Why must there always be a destination
16. A. seen B. feared C. imagined D. covered
17. A. cross B. experience C. follow D. avoid
18. A. excited B. content C. impatient D. indifferent
19. A. made B. took C. waited D. wasted
20. A. warned B. promised C. wondered D. recognized
21. A. spotted B. missed C. heard D. ignored
22. A. replaced B. inspired C. impressed D. invented
23. A. hurry B. plan C. end D. enjoy
24. A. persuaded B. reminded C. warned D. accompanied
25. A. admired B. compared C. recorded D. shared
26. A. defended B. received C. smelled D. afforded
27. A. introduced B. treasured C. pleased D. prepared
28. A. judging B. confirming C. discovering D. managing
29. A. neared B. forgot C. sought D. changed
30. A. make any sense B. make any effort C. hurt D. matter
【答案】
16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者在去河边的旅途中，通过观察自己的狗Georgie对身边的东西很是好奇的行为，体会到了珍惜和享受旅程中每一个细节的重要性，而不仅仅追求到达目的地。
【解析】
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在笼子里度过了最初的六年，她从未见过水体。A. seen看见；B. feared害怕；C. imagined想象；D. covered覆盖。根据上文的“Having spent her first six years in a cage”可知，Georgie在笼子里度过了最初的六年，因此从未见过水体。故选A项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想在日落前赶到那里看着她体验。A. cross穿过；B. experience体验；C. follow跟随；D. avoid避免。根据上文的“Having spent her first six years in a cage, she had never...a body of water.”可知，因为Georgie在笼子里待了六年，因此她从没有看见过水体，“我”希望她能够体验一下水的感觉。故选B项。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对她的每一次停留越来越不耐烦了。A. excited兴奋的；B. content满意的；C. impatient不耐烦的；D. indifferent漠不关心的。根据上文的“I wanted to get there before sunset”和下文的“She checked the grass, dirt, and trees.”可知，Georgie经常停下来关注周围的东西，而“我”却想在天黑前到达河边，因此对于她的举动越来越不耐烦。故选C项。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些都是她的新发现，她得花时间去研究它们。A. made做；B. took花费；C. waited等待；D. wasted浪费。根据上文的“ She checked the grass, dirt, and trees. These were all new discoveries for her.”可知，Georgie走出笼子后对身边的东西很是好奇，因此要花费时间去弄清楚它们。故选B项。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到催促她是没有用的时候，我拿出手机开始发短信。A. warned警告；B. promised承诺；C. wondered想知道；D. recognized认出，意识到。根据下文的“it was fruitless to hurry her along, I pulled out my cell phone and began texting.”可知，Georgie 走走停停地关注身边的事物，催促她快点儿也是没有用的，这是“我”在陪伴她去河边的路上意识到的。故选D项。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我听到了蝉鸣，我想起了蝉鸣是我在这个世界上最喜欢的声音。A. spotted看见；B. missed错过；C. heard听到；D. ignored忽视。根据下文的“I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world”可知，“我”听到了蝉的叫声。故选C项。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这唤醒了埋藏在我内心深处的某种东西，它渴望那些被科技替换掉的简单快乐。A. replaced替换；B. inspired激发；C. impressed给……留下印象；D. invented发明。根据上文的“I pulled out my cell phone and began texting”和“Then, I...the cicadas, and I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world.”可知，蝉的叫声才让“我”想起了最喜爱的声音才放下手机去倾听，说明那些简单的快乐已经被科技给替换掉了。故选A项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有意识地决定要活在当下，像Georgie一样享受到河边的旅程。A. hurry匆忙；B. plan计划；C. end结束；D. enjoy享受。根据本句中的“I made a conscious decision to be present, ...just like Georgie.”可知，“我”要像Georgie一样一路走走停停，欣赏着身边的事物，享受旅途中的快乐。故选D项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程和最终的目的地一样美妙，是那只狗提醒了我。A. persuaded劝说；B. reminded提醒；C. warned警告；D. accompanied陪伴。根据上文的“I made a conscious decision to be present, and to...the journey to the river, just like Georgie. ”和“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be”可知，“我”要像Georgie一样去享受旅途中的快乐，这是Georgie提醒我的。故选B项。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我欣赏着美丽的花朵和奇妙的蜿蜒小路。A. admired欣赏；B. compared比较；C. recorded记录；D. shared分享。根据上文的“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that...me.”可知，是Georgie提醒了“我”要去享受旅途中的快乐，因此“我”欣赏着花儿的美丽。故选A项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我闻到了草和花的味道，泥土和空气的味道。A. defended辩护；B. received收到；C. smelled闻到；D. afforded负担得起。根据上文的“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that...me.”和本句中的“the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air”可知，我要体验旅途中的快乐，闻着花草、泥土和空气的味道。故选C项。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同样珍惜每一种东西，就像第一次发现它们一样。A. introduced引入；B. treasured珍惜；C. pleased使高兴；D. prepared准备。根据上文的“Then, I...the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path. I...the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air.”可知，“我”要珍惜旅途中的快乐，花草、蜿蜒的小路等每一样东西“我”都要珍惜。故选B项。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同样珍惜每一种东西，就像第一次发现它们一样。A. judging判断；B. confirming确认；C. discovering发现；D. managing管理。根据上文的“Then, I...the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path. I...the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air.”可知，“我”对身边的花草，蜿蜒的小路，泥土和空气都很重视，这说明“我”好像第一次发现它们一样。故选C项。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近目的地时，我意识到一件更重要的事情：我们是否到达河边并不重要。A. neared靠近；B. forgot忘记；C. sought寻找；D. changed改变。根据空后的“our destination”可知，随着时间的推移，我们靠近了目的地。故选A项。
30. 考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：当我们接近目的地时，我意识到一件更重要的事情：我们是否到达河边并不重要。A. make any sense有意义；B. make any effort做出努力；C. hurt伤害；D. matter重要。根据下文的“Why must there always be a destination ”可知，“我”提了一个问题：为什么非得到达目的地呢？人们该享受旅途中的快乐，因此是否到达河边并不重要。故选D项。
3
（23-24高一下·山东聊城·期末）In the fall of 1522, a leaky ship made port in Spain with 18 tired crewmen, all that survived of some 240 who’d manned a bold, trade mission.
Chales I, the young Spanish king, was no longer willing to 31 overland trade routes for the spice that was so 32 in Europe. He appointed an expedition(探险队) to find a new 33 to Pacific islands rich with spices, and as captain he hired Ferdinand Magellan, a skilled Portuguese sailor who 34 believed the Earth was round, a theory not yet 35 .
The fleet was to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, and 36 the same way. They also were to focus on trade routes and 37 conquest (征服) and religion. Magellan wouldn’t obey the 38 , with disastrous and historic results. In September 1519, five ships set sail, 39 to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years.
The voyage stretched to three years. They survived with the 40 of Indigenous people they met, treating some 41 but others cruelly or violently. Quitting trade for conquest, Magellan 42 an island in the Philippines and was 43 in the surf. A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home with an unplanned 44 :proof that the Earth was round.
The first voyage of the globe-a 45 feat(丰功伟绩) of exploration and science— changed the world forever, sparking globalization and abuse of colonization for centuries to come.
31. A. give up B. rely on C. look for D. test out
32. A. abundant B. common C. attractive D. popular
33. A. direction B. access C. route D. entrance
34. A. firmly B. reluctantly C. slightly D. nervously
35. A. declared B. proved C. analyzed D. evaluated
36. A. sail B. continue C. follow D. return
37. A. avoid B. perform C. launch D. promote
38. A. timetable B. schedule C. order D. custom
39. A. failing B. waiting C. intending D. stopping
40. A. help B. agreement C. gratitude D. relief
41. A. equally B. fairly C. seriously D. carefully
42. A. searched B. flooded C. attacked D. abandoned
43. A. defeated B. swallowed C. trapped D. killed
44. A. achievement B. expectation C. dream D. process
45. A. mysterious B. remarkable C. predictable D. strange
【答案】
31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. A 41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。
【解析】
31. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A. give up放弃；B. rely on依靠；C. look for寻找；D. test out试验。根据下文的“He appointed an expedition to find a new...to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，查尔斯一世不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B项。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A. abundant丰富的；B. common普通的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文的“all that survived of some 240 who’d manned a bold, trade mission”和下文的“He appointed an expedition to find a new...to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，国王查理一世任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，则可知香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D项。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. direction方向；B. access出入口；C. route路线；D. entrance入口。根据上文的 “overland trade routes”可知，与它对比，这里指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C项。
34. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. firmly坚定地；B. reluctantly勉强地；C. slightly稍微地；D. nervously焦虑地。根据上文的“a skilled Portuguese sailor” 可知，麦哲伦是一位技术熟练的水手，坚信地球是圆的。故选A项。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A. declared宣布；B. proved证明；C. analyzed分析；D. evaluated评估。根据倒数第二段的内容“proof that the Earth was round”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B项。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：船队要找到一条向西到达香料群岛的航线，然后原路返回。A. sail航行；B. continue继续；C. follow跟随；D. return返回。根据空后的“the same way”可知，与空前的“find a westward routs to the Spice Islands”呼应，指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D项。
37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还专注于贸易路线，避免征服和宗教活动。A. avoid避免；B. perform履行；C. launch发起；D. promote促进。根据上文的“focus on trade routes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A项。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦不服从命令，带来了灾难性和历史性的后果。A. timetable时间表；B. schedule日程安排；C. order命令；D. custom习惯。根据下文的“with disastrous and historic results”可知，麦哲伦没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C项。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1519年9月，五艘船启航，打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。A. failing失败；B. waiting等待；C. intending打算；D. stopping停止。根据上文的“five ships set sail”和下文的“to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years”可知，这次航行打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。故选C项。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公平地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A. help帮助；B. agreement协议；C. gratitude感激；D. relief缓解。根据上文的“The voyage stretched to three years.”以及“Indigenous people they met”可知，探险的旅程很是艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A项。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公正地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A. equally平等地；B. fairly公正地；C. seriously严肃地；D. carefully小心地。根据下文的“but others cruelly or violently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折， 则他们公正地对待一些人。故选B项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A. searched搜索；B. flooded泛滥；C. attacked攻击；D. abandoned放弃。根据上文的“Quitting trade for conquest”可知，为 了征服而放弃贸易，麦哲伦袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A. defeated打败；B. swallowed吞噬；C. trapped陷入；D. killed杀死。根据下文的“A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home...”可知，在这次袭击中，麦哲伦在海浪中丧生。故选D项。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：新船长胡安·塞巴斯蒂安·埃尔卡诺带领维多利亚号回家，取得了一项意想不到的成就：证明了地球是圆的。A. achievement成就；B. expectation期望；C. dream梦想；D. process过程。根据上文的“a skilled Portuguese sailor who...believed the Earth was round, a theory not yet...”和空后的“proof that the Earth was round”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次环球航行——一项非凡的探索和科学壮举——永远地改变了世界，引发了未来几个世纪的全球化和殖民主义的滥用。A. mysterious神秘的；B. remarkable卓越的；C. predictable可预测的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文的“changed the world forever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B项。
4
（23-24高一上·全国·单元测试）To my friend Jane,
We laugh about my bad memory, don't we But I 46 the day I met you.
As a child, I had changed homes and schools many times. My family kept 47 , again and again. I had little hope for my time in Vancouver. I set my expectations as 48 as possible, aiming only for high-school graduation.
But that September day, as I 49 the crowd of ( 一群) teenagers — you walked up to me. And you said: “Hi there. You're 50 here, aren't you I'm Jane.”
You asked me where I had come from and why I was in Vancouver. But you didn't ask for details. 51 , you asked me where I lived and if I took the bus to school. Then you asked, “Would you like to come to my house for tea one day ” Sure, I replied, not 52 that would come to pass.
A week later, you did 53 me over. You 54 me to your mother. She 55 us in the sitting room and brought us tea, along with cookies and cakes.
After my 56 that afternoon, you invited me back again. You introduced me to your friends. I became part of your 57 . After that day, I began to 58 that perhaps it was worth investing (投入) in these 59 , giving a bit of myself to you and them.
I do have a bad memory but I shall always remember that my life is 60 because of you.
Thank you, friend.
46. A. share B. celebrate C. remember D. start
47. A. working B. moving C. calling D. travelling
48. A. low B. early C. fast D. quietly
49. A. accepted B. joined C. helped D. surveyed
50. A. right B. new C. safe D. successful
51. A. Certainly B. Instead C. Again D. Usually
52. A. guessing B. deciding C. believing D. doubting
53. A. pull B. take C. win D. invite
54. A. connected B. reported C. introduced D. compared
55. A. settled B. chose C. promised D. refused
56. A. graduation B. return C. holiday D. visit
57. A. family B. circle C. future D. career
58. A. explain B. question C. think D. worry
59. A. differences B. areas C. communications D. friendships
60. A. richer B. more traditional C. busier D. more personal
【答案】
46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章是写给Jane的一封信，信中讲述了两人是如何成为朋友以及作者对于友谊的感悟。
【解析】
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我记得我遇见你的那天。A. share分享；B. celebrate庆祝；C. remember记得；D. start开始。根据后文“the day I met you”指记得相遇的那天。故选C。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人一直在搬家，一次又一次。A. working工作；B. moving搬家；C. calling打电话；D. travelling旅行。根据上文“As a child, I had changed homes and schools many times.( 小时候，我曾多次换过家和学校)”可知，作者的家人一直搬家。故选B。
48. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把自己的期望定得尽可能低，只希望高中毕业。A. low低地；B. early早地；C. fast快速地；D. quietly安静地。根据后文“aiming only for high-school graduation”可知，作者把自己的期望定得尽可能低，只希望高中毕业。故选A。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是那个九月的一天，当我打量着一群青少年时，你向我走来。A. accepted接受；B. joined加入；C. helped帮助；D. surveyed打量，调查。根据后文“the crowd of teenagers — you walked up to me”指作者打量着一群青少年时，Jane走来了。故选D。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是新来的，是吗？A. right正确的；B. new新的；C. safe安全的；D. successful成功的。根据上文可知，作者因为搬家，换了新的学校，所以对方问作者是不是新来的。故选B。
51. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，你问我住在哪里，是否乘公共汽车上学。A. Certainly确定；B. Instead反而；C. Again再次；D. Usually通常。根据上文“But you didn’t ask for details.(但你没有问细节)”可知，Jane没有问细节，反而问作者住在哪里，是否乘公共汽车上学。故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我回答，不相信会发生这种事。A. guessing猜测；B. deciding决定；C. believing相信；D. doubting怀疑。根据后文“that would come to pass”可知，作者不相信对方会真的邀请自己。故选C。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，你确实邀请了我。A. pull拉；B. take带走；C. win赢得；D. invite邀请。呼应上文“Then you asked, “Would you like to come to my house for tea one day ”(然后你问：“你愿意哪天来我家喝茶吗 ”)”指Jane邀请了作者。故选D。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你把我介绍给你妈妈。A. connected联系；B. reported报道；C. introduced介绍；D. compared比较。根据后文“me to your mother”指Jane把作者介绍给了自己的妈妈。故选C。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让我们在客厅安顿下来，给我们端来茶，还有饼干和蛋糕。A. settled安顿；B. chose选择；C. promised承诺；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“us in the sitting room”指把客人安顿在客厅。故选A。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天下午我拜访之后，你又邀请我了一次。A. graduation毕业；B. return返回；C. holiday假日；D. visit拜访。此处指上文“A week later, you did”作者拜访了Jane那次。故选D。
57. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成了你圈子的一员。A. family家庭；B. circle圈子；C. future未来；D. career事业。根据上文“You introduced me to your friends.(你把我介绍给你的朋友)”可知，Jane的圈子里有了作者。故选B。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天之后，我开始想，也许在这些友谊中投入是值得的，给你和他们一点我自己。A. explain解释；B. question盘问；C. think认为；D. worry担心。根据后文“that perhaps it was worth investing”指作者开始思考这段友谊，故选C。
59. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天之后，我开始想，也许在这些友谊中投入是值得的，给你和他们一点我自己。A. differences差异；B. areas区域；C. communications交流；D. friendships友谊。根据后文“giving a bit of myself to you and them.”以及上文作者讲述和Jane成为朋友的事情，推测是对友谊投入。故选D。
60. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确实记性不好，但我将永远记住，我的生活因为你而更加丰富。A. richer更富有的；B. more traditional更传统的；C. busier更忙的；D. more personal更加个人的。根据上文“You introduced me to your friends.(你把我介绍给你的朋友)”以及Jane邀请作者去做客，可知Jane让作者的生活更加丰富了。故选A。
