33.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之气候变化对地球及社会环境的严重影响 说明文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之观看可爱动物的视频和图片可以帮助降低压力水平，最高可达50%，并对此进行了详细的说明和解释 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之拥抱和轻柔抚摸对孩子具有安抚作用 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之重复学习对记忆形成的重要性及其新发现 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之中国科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块 说明文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
高考阅读理解试题说明文的选项通常有以下特点：
与原文内容的关联特点
直接对应型：部分选项内容与原文中的语句直接对应，可能只是对原文进行了简单的同义替换，即用不同的词汇或表达方式来呈现相同的意思。例如原文说 “the device is portable”，选项可能表述为 “the device can be easily carried”。
概括归纳型：有些选项是对原文某一段落或多个段落内容的概括总结。比如原文中列举了某种产品的多个优点，选项则会以 “Advantages of the product” 为核心进行概括性表述，要求考生能够从具体内容中提炼出关键信息。
推理引申型：此类选项不是直接来自原文，而是需要考生根据原文提供的信息进行合理的推理和引申。比如原文提到某种动物在特定环境下的一些行为习惯，选项可能会问这种动物在另一种类似环境下可能的行为表现，考查考生的逻辑推理能力。
细节干扰型：选项中会包含与原文细节相似但不完全准确的内容，可能是偷换概念、改变程度、混淆时间等。例如原文说 “most of the students like the new teaching method”，选项可能会改成 “all the students like the new teaching method”，通过改变程度来设置干扰。
语言表达特点
简洁性：选项的表述通常较为简洁明了，不会像原文那样可能会有大量的修饰成分或复杂的句式。它会以最直接的方式呈现核心内容，以便考生能够快速理解和判断。
精准性：正确选项的语言表达往往非常精准，能够准确地传达原文的意思，在词汇的选择和语义的表达上都很严谨。而干扰选项可能会存在语义模糊、表意不准确的情况。
涵盖性：对于一些需要综合理解的题目，选项会具有一定的涵盖性，能够从不同角度或层面来概括或解读原文内容。比如对于一篇介绍某种科技成果的说明文，选项可能会分别从技术原理、应用场景、社会影响等不同方面来设置。
【词汇清障】
C&D1
severe A. 迁徙
shift B. 严重的
migrate C. 预测
extinction D. 转变
predict E. 灭绝
——————————————————————————————————
consequence A. 海啸
tsunami B. 社区
community C. 后果
frequent D. 频繁的
astronomical E. 天文学的
C&D2
stress A. 参与者
participant B. 压力
anxiety C. 焦虑
relieve D. 表明
indicate E. 缓解
——————————————————————————————————
psychological A. 调查
investigate B. 心理的
boost C. 释放
release D. 提高
efficient E. 有效的
C&D3
parenting A. 激活
caress B. 育儿
activate C. 神经科学家
sensory D. 爱抚
neuroscientist E. 感觉的
——————————————————————————————————
demonstrate A. 证明
terminal B. 多巴胺
dopamine C. 终端
encounter D. 接触
steady E. 稳定的
C&D4
repetition A. 神经元
neuron B. 重复
expose C. 组织
tissue D. 使暴露
component E. 组成部分
——————————————————————————————————
pulse A. 分子
molecule B. 应用
apply C. 脉冲
potential D. 潜在的
efficiently E. 高效地
C&D5
robotic A. 癌症的
cancerous B. 机器人的
detect C. 专家
expert D. 检测
delicate E. 灵敏的
——————————————————————————————————
address A. 调整
adjust B. 解决
firmness C. 硬度
mobility D. 移动性
intelligent E. 智能的
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（2025·广东佛山·一模）If the findings of a bunch of new climatic researches conducted recently are any guide, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society as well as the environment could be quite severe. Geographers have made a prediction that within the future eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and chances are that some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase in numbers but in intensity as well. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could face extinction.
According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far-reaching consequences for the sake of the whole world. The planet earth itself has been showing signs of change, which concerns the scientific community deeply. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.
Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously expected. At this point, it doesn’t matter what’s causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What’s more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There has been war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
However, astronomical observations have been showing signs that other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection behind such mysterious phenomena. Yet no one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.
1．What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．shocked. B．destroyed. C．frightened. D．impacted.
2．The examples of several destructive earthquakes are used to support the idea that ______ .
A．Earthquakes have caused significant damage to the human society.
B．Measures must be taken to prevent future earthquakes from causing damage.
C．Some major changes seem to be taking place on the planet earth.
D．The probability of more earthquakes happening in the future remains strong.
3．According to the fourth paragraph, how should we react to climate change
A．We should explore the reasons for climate change.
B．We should explore possible measures to deal with it.
C．We should stop environmental pollution completely.
D．We should plan to move to other planets as soon as possible.
4．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Species won’t become extinct as long as climate change happens slowly.
B．There’s enough data at hand for us to predict the future of climate change.
C．The world is getting more unstable because of large-scale migration.
D．The earth is not alone in experiencing major climate changes currently.
C&D 2
（24-25高三上·山西阳泉·期末）The University of Leeds have discovered a way to reduce stress — watching videos and images of cute animals can help reduce stress levels by up to 50%.
All 19 participants were asked to watch a 30-minute film of images and videos of cute animals, having their heart rate and blood pressure measured before and after the study, with the majority wearing a heart rate monitor throughout. The majority of participants were students who were due to take an exam 90 minutes after this session, with the rest being academic support staff who had declared they were feeling stressed because of work.
Dr Andrea Utley said, “It was clear that students were anxious ahead of their exams, with heart rates and blood pressure for most participants mildly elevated before our session took place. Indeed, in some individuals, heart rate and blood pressure was even higher indicating a higher level of stress for those participants. Throughout the course of the session, heart rates and blood pressure fell across all individuals to a level that would be considered healthy and indicative of limited stress or anxiety.”
The psychological aspect investigated was the state anxiety, which is caused by a particular event, like an exam. The findings had shown a significant drop in anxiety levels, in some individual cases even by almost 50%, proving that watching cute animals can be a powerful stress reliever and a mood builder.
After the results from the study were released, Tourism Western Australia started running TV of ‘Quokka’, the world’s happiest animal, which gives the public the chance to relax. The University of Leeds is also starting to offer students the chance to watch quokkas in a “controlled environment” prior to exams.
Although working through your lunch break may seem more productive and playing balls more relaxing, watching videos or pictures of cute animals at your desk could actually be more efficient. With everything going on, your mental health could certainly use a boost right now.
5．What might cause participants’ higher heart rate according to the text
A．The approaching exam. B．The demanding teacher.
C．The uncompleted assignment. D．The challenging task.
6．What does the underlined word “elevated” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Boost. B．Decrease. C．Stabilize. D．Increase.
7．What is the main idea of the text
A．The University of Leeds is offering stress management courses.
B．Watching cute animals can significantly reduce stress levels.
C．Tourism Western Australia is promoting ‘Quokka’ tourism.
D．Academic support staff are more stressed than students.
8．What was the psychological aspect investigated in the study
A．Short-term general anxiety disorders. B．The impact of work on mental health.
C．Stress due to the long-term work load. D．State anxiety caused by a particular event.
C&D 3
（24-25高三上·山东日照·期末）One of my favorite things about the parenting stage I’m at is the amount of hugs I get to give on a daily basis. My child is quite young and a good long hug still works to calm her down when she’s upset or trying to will herself to stay awake at bedtime. But that golden touch isn’t something unique to our parent-child relationship. Parents all over the world use a gentle caress (爱抚) to calm our children.
Scientists say that special touch is something all of us mammals use on our children. It’s thought to activate the C-tactile fibers under the parts of our skin covered with hair, which results in relief, said neurobiologist Ishmail Abdus-Saboor. As the story explains, it turns out that the fibers, which have sensory terminals that appear to be free nerve endings, are “especially equipped to detect a gentle, stroking caress and are part of a system activating the warm, calm and peaceful feeling you’re published with people who love you.”
At the start of the year, Abdus-Saboor when he published a paper in Cell that demonstrated the activation of these neurons in mice. Apparently, touch sparks the dopamine (多巴胺) pathways in their brains, causing them to seek the hug or touch again and again. “These nerves basically have a dedicated, neuronal highway to the brain’s reward centers,” he explained. “So why would you wire a system like this Well, turning on these neurons is so important for social encounters, relationships, bonding, calming and stress relief.”
There is some evidence that the nerves may also activate the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in people’s brains. But even neuroscientists who are unsure about an endorphin link agree that you rarely need words to calm a bad-tempered kid: A parental caress may be all that’s needed for children to feel cared for and safe. “Being touched is just a basic need, like having dinner when you are hungry,” said neuroscientist Helena Wessling. “You need to have this touch in order for you to reach a good, steady state in your body. You need it so you can feel safe enough to go out and explore the world.”
9．What do scientists say about the C-tactile fibers
A．They are sensitive to sounds.
B．They are unique to human beings.
C．They can contribute to positive feelings.
D．They can be found throughout our body.
10．Why did Abdus-Saboor conduct the experiment on mice
A．To learn more about their brain structure.
B．To prove the favorable outcomes of touch.
C．To identify similarities between them and humans.
D．To confirm the existence of C-tactile fibers in their bodies.
11．What can be inferred from Helena Wessling’s words
A．Touch is not suitable for everyone.
B．Touch is essential for one’s well-being.
C．The value of touch is often underestimated.
D．Parents’ touch is especially useful for angry kids.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Calming kids without words
B．Children’s emotional needs
C．Touch - a secret language
D．Effective parenting tricks
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·山西阳泉·期末）Our brain isn’t the only place memories form in our body. New York University researchers have discovered learning through repetition may be fundamental to all of our cells. The process may also help explain why taking breaks is such a powerful learning tool.
Many learn the hard way that cramming for exams doesn’t create the most reliable long-term memories. Multiple cycles of chemical activity through a repeated behavior is what activates the memory-formation process among our neurons (神经元), changing into increasingly stronger memories. This phenomenon is called the massed-spaced effect.
By exposing non-brain nerve and kidney cells to similar chemical patterns in the lab, Prof. Kukushkin and his colleagues showed for the first time that these tissues (组织) experience massed-spaced effect too. Genes associated with memory formation in neurons also seemed to be activated within these cells.
How the nerve and kidney cells responded depended on the number of rounds of protein kinases A and C (PKA and PKC) they were treated with. These chemical ’training pulses’ are known components of memory forming signaling cascades (信号级联). “A three-minute pulse did turn on the ’memory gene,’ but only for, an hour or two, whereas after four pulses, the gene was turned on stronger, and stayed on for days,” Kukushkin writes for Psychology Today.
The cell responses also depended on the time between pulses. These factors varied how strongly the memory-forming molecules (分子) were activated, and for how long — exactly what happens with our neurons.
Neuroscientist Ashok Hegde calls the study “interesting”, because they are applying what’s generally considered a neuroscience principle sort of broadly to understand gene expression in nonneuronal cells. He says this research may someday help with the search for potential drugs to treat disease with memory loss.
Kukushkin agrees and adds, “Maybe we can think of cancer cells as having memories, and we need to consider not just how much drug we are giving a person, but what is the time pattern of that drug, just as we think about how to learn more efficiently.”
13．What can be learnt about memory formation in Paragraph 2
A．It is called massed-space effect. B．It can be activated by quantities of input.
C．It can be stimulated by repeated behavior. D．It can produce reliable memory in exams.
14．Which of the following can keep “memory gene” stay longer according to Paragraph 4
A．Three, 2-minute chemical pulse separated by 2 minutes.
B．Four, 2-minute chemical pulse separated by 2 minutes.
C．Three, 3-minute chemical pulses separated by 5 minutes.
D．Four, 3-minute chemical pulses separated by 5 minutes.
15．What is Neuroscientist Ashok Hegde’s attitude towards this research
A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Disapproval. D．Patient.
16．What does Kukushin mean in the last paragraph
A．Cancer cells can remember a person’s drug.
B．Time pattern is more important than drug dosage.
C．Time administration should be taken into account.
D．Cancer cells need learning with high efficiency.
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·江西赣州·期末）A robotic finger that could find cancerous lumps (肿块) under the skin has been invented by scientists. The device made by Chinese engineers has a highly sensitive form of machine feeling that uses springs to detect tiny lumps. Experts hope the device may serve as a “robodoctor” to help clinicians with routine tasks like taking a pulse or checking for lumps. Dr Hongbo Wang, an author of the study from the University of Science and Technology of China, said: “We believe a hand that can move freely with these fingers could serve as a ‘robodoctor’ in future hospitals, especially helping patients in rural or undeveloped areas lacking trained medical professionals.”
Scientists have created robotic fingers and hands for a long time, but it has been a continuous struggle to copy the soft, delicate sensing abilities of a doctor’s hands. To address this challenge, scientists developed a device using springs, cameras, electrical sensors, and AI to detect pressure changes on the fingertip and identify objects it touches. In their study, scientists say the device could be adjusted to be as sensitive as a human finger.
Dr Wang said: “Humans can easily recognize the firmness of diverse objects by simply pressing them with their fingers.” Similarly, since the device has the ability to sense both its bending and the force at the fingertip, it can detect firmness similar to our human hands by simply pressing an object. The Chinese team found that the robotic finger can type “like a human hand”, spelling out the word “hello”.
By using additional sensors to improve joint mobility, enabling the device to move in multiple directions just like a human finger, the researchers say it may be ready to perform “effective and efficient” medical examinations in the near future. Dr Wang added: “We hope to develop an intelligent hand, together with a sensorised artificial muscle-driven robotic arm, to copy the unique functions and fine movements of the human hands.”
17．What is the function of the robotic finger
A．To replace human doctors.
B．To diagnose various diseases.
C．To detect small physical changes.
D．To conduct highly precise surgeries.
18．Why does the author mention the robotic finger’s typing ability
A．To show its sensing capability.
B．To prove its reliability.
C．To stress its spelling ability.
D．To reveal its complexity.
19．How do researchers plan to improve the robotic finger
A．By adding more basic functions.
B．By enhancing its existing features.
C．By preparing it for medical operations.
D．By using AI to improve joint mobility.
20．What is the passage mainly about
A．Progress in robotic operation technology.
B．Benefits of robotic hands in medical care.
C．Applications of AI in diagnosing diseases.
D．Invention of robotic fingers in cancer detection.33.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之气候变化对地球及社会环境的严重影响 说明文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之观看可爱动物的视频和图片可以帮助降低压力水平，最高可达50%，并对此进行了详细的说明和解释 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之拥抱和轻柔抚摸对孩子具有安抚作用 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之重复学习对记忆形成的重要性及其新发现 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之中国科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块 说明文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
高考阅读理解试题说明文的选项通常有以下特点：
与原文内容的关联特点
直接对应型：部分选项内容与原文中的语句直接对应，可能只是对原文进行了简单的同义替换，即用不同的词汇或表达方式来呈现相同的意思。例如原文说 “the device is portable”，选项可能表述为 “the device can be easily carried”。
概括归纳型：有些选项是对原文某一段落或多个段落内容的概括总结。比如原文中列举了某种产品的多个优点，选项则会以 “Advantages of the product” 为核心进行概括性表述，要求考生能够从具体内容中提炼出关键信息。
推理引申型：此类选项不是直接来自原文，而是需要考生根据原文提供的信息进行合理的推理和引申。比如原文提到某种动物在特定环境下的一些行为习惯，选项可能会问这种动物在另一种类似环境下可能的行为表现，考查考生的逻辑推理能力。
细节干扰型：选项中会包含与原文细节相似但不完全准确的内容，可能是偷换概念、改变程度、混淆时间等。例如原文说 “most of the students like the new teaching method”，选项可能会改成 “all the students like the new teaching method”，通过改变程度来设置干扰。
语言表达特点
简洁性：选项的表述通常较为简洁明了，不会像原文那样可能会有大量的修饰成分或复杂的句式。它会以最直接的方式呈现核心内容，以便考生能够快速理解和判断。
精准性：正确选项的语言表达往往非常精准，能够准确地传达原文的意思，在词汇的选择和语义的表达上都很严谨。而干扰选项可能会存在语义模糊、表意不准确的情况。
涵盖性：对于一些需要综合理解的题目，选项会具有一定的涵盖性，能够从不同角度或层面来概括或解读原文内容。比如对于一篇介绍某种科技成果的说明文，选项可能会分别从技术原理、应用场景、社会影响等不同方面来设置。
【词汇清障】
C&D1
severe A. 迁徙
shift B. 严重的
migrate C. 预测
extinction D. 转变
predict E. 灭绝
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - A；4 - E；5 - C
consequence A. 海啸
tsunami B. 社区
community C. 后果
frequent D. 频繁的
astronomical E. 天文学的
答案：6 - C；7 - A；8 - B；9 - D；10 - E
C&D2
stress A. 参与者
participant B. 压力
anxiety C. 焦虑
relieve D. 表明
indicate E. 缓解
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - C；4 - E；5 - D
psychological A. 调查
investigate B. 心理的
boost C. 释放
release D. 提高
efficient E. 有效的
答案：6 - B；7 - A；8 - D；9 - C；10 - E
C&D3
parenting A. 激活
caress B. 育儿
activate C. 神经科学家
sensory D. 爱抚
neuroscientist E. 感觉的
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - A；4 - E；5 - C
demonstrate A. 证明
terminal B. 多巴胺
dopamine C. 终端
encounter D. 接触
steady E. 稳定的
答案：6 - A；7 - C；8 - B；9 - D；10 - E
C&D4
repetition A. 神经元
neuron B. 重复
expose C. 组织
tissue D. 使暴露
component E. 组成部分
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
pulse A. 分子
molecule B. 应用
apply C. 脉冲
potential D. 潜在的
efficiently E. 高效地
答案：6 - C；7 - A；8 - B；9 - D；10 - E
C&D5
robotic A. 癌症的
cancerous B. 机器人的
detect C. 专家
expert D. 检测
delicate E. 灵敏的
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
address A. 调整
adjust B. 解决
firmness C. 硬度
mobility D. 移动性
intelligent E. 智能的
答案：6 - B；7 - A；8 - C；9 - D；10 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（2025·广东佛山·一模）If the findings of a bunch of new climatic researches conducted recently are any guide, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society as well as the environment could be quite severe. Geographers have made a prediction that within the future eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and chances are that some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase in numbers but in intensity as well. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could face extinction.
According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far-reaching consequences for the sake of the whole world. The planet earth itself has been showing signs of change, which concerns the scientific community deeply. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.
Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously expected. At this point, it doesn’t matter what’s causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What’s more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There has been war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
However, astronomical observations have been showing signs that other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection behind such mysterious phenomena. Yet no one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.
1．What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．shocked. B．destroyed. C．frightened. D．impacted.
2．The examples of several destructive earthquakes are used to support the idea that ______ .
A．Earthquakes have caused significant damage to the human society.
B．Measures must be taken to prevent future earthquakes from causing damage.
C．Some major changes seem to be taking place on the planet earth.
D．The probability of more earthquakes happening in the future remains strong.
3．According to the fourth paragraph, how should we react to climate change
A．We should explore the reasons for climate change.
B．We should explore possible measures to deal with it.
C．We should stop environmental pollution completely.
D．We should plan to move to other planets as soon as possible.
4．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Species won’t become extinct as long as climate change happens slowly.
B．There’s enough data at hand for us to predict the future of climate change.
C．The world is getting more unstable because of large-scale migration.
D．The earth is not alone in experiencing major climate changes currently.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】说明文、气候变化及影响
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了气候变化对地球及社会环境的严重影响。
1．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前面的内容“ In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake.(2004年，一场大地震引发的严重海啸在苏门答腊岛造成数千人死亡，2008年，中国又发生了一场强烈地震，造成数千人死亡)”推知，划线词所在部分是指海地在地震中受到了严重的破坏。故划线词意为“摧毁，破坏”。与选项B“destroyed(破坏)”为同义词。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The planet earth itself has been showing signs of change, which concerns the scientific community deeply.(地球本身已经显示出变化的迹象，这引起了科学界的深切关注)”可知，作者举出几个破坏性地震的例子是为了支持地球正在发生重大变化的观点。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously expected. At this point, it doesn’t matter what’s causing it, but rather, what can be done about it.(在过去的几个月里，世界各地不断传来新的报告，大多数报告都认为我们的气候状况比先前预料的要糟糕得多。在这个时候，是什么原因造成的并不重要，重要的是我们能做些什么)”可知，对于气候变化，我们应该探索可能的应对措施，而不是纠结其原因。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, astronomical observations have been showing signs that other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection behind such mysterious phenomena.(然而，天文观测已经显示出其他星球也在经历全球变暖的迹象，就像我们自己的地球一样，一些科学家认为这些神秘现象背后可能存在着某种联系)”可知，地球并非唯一正在经历重大气候变化的星球，其他星球也在经历类似的变化。故选D。
C&D 2
（24-25高三上·山西阳泉·期末）The University of Leeds have discovered a way to reduce stress — watching videos and images of cute animals can help reduce stress levels by up to 50%.
All 19 participants were asked to watch a 30-minute film of images and videos of cute animals, having their heart rate and blood pressure measured before and after the study, with the majority wearing a heart rate monitor throughout. The majority of participants were students who were due to take an exam 90 minutes after this session, with the rest being academic support staff who had declared they were feeling stressed because of work.
Dr Andrea Utley said, “It was clear that students were anxious ahead of their exams, with heart rates and blood pressure for most participants mildly elevated before our session took place. Indeed, in some individuals, heart rate and blood pressure was even higher indicating a higher level of stress for those participants. Throughout the course of the session, heart rates and blood pressure fell across all individuals to a level that would be considered healthy and indicative of limited stress or anxiety.”
The psychological aspect investigated was the state anxiety, which is caused by a particular event, like an exam. The findings had shown a significant drop in anxiety levels, in some individual cases even by almost 50%, proving that watching cute animals can be a powerful stress reliever and a mood builder.
After the results from the study were released, Tourism Western Australia started running TV of ‘Quokka’, the world’s happiest animal, which gives the public the chance to relax. The University of Leeds is also starting to offer students the chance to watch quokkas in a “controlled environment” prior to exams.
Although working through your lunch break may seem more productive and playing balls more relaxing, watching videos or pictures of cute animals at your desk could actually be more efficient. With everything going on, your mental health could certainly use a boost right now.
5．What might cause participants’ higher heart rate according to the text
A．The approaching exam. B．The demanding teacher.
C．The uncompleted assignment. D．The challenging task.
6．What does the underlined word “elevated” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Boost. B．Decrease. C．Stabilize. D．Increase.
7．What is the main idea of the text
A．The University of Leeds is offering stress management courses.
B．Watching cute animals can significantly reduce stress levels.
C．Tourism Western Australia is promoting ‘Quokka’ tourism.
D．Academic support staff are more stressed than students.
8．What was the psychological aspect investigated in the study
A．Short-term general anxiety disorders. B．The impact of work on mental health.
C．Stress due to the long-term work load. D．State anxiety caused by a particular event.
【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】说明文、科普知识 、个人保健
【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了利兹大学的一项研究发现，即观看可爱动物的视频和图片可以帮助降低压力水平，最高可达50%，并对此进行了详细的说明和解释。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The majority of participants were students who were due to take an exam 90 minutes after this session, with the rest being academic support staff who had declared they were feeling stressed because of work.(大多数参与者是90分钟后要参加考试的学生，其余的是学术支持人员，他们声称自己因为工作而感到压力很大)”可知，因为临近的考试可能导致参与者心率升高。故选A项。
6．词句猜测题。根据后文“Indeed, in some individuals, heart rate and blood pressure was even higher indicating a higher level of stress for those participants. Throughout the course of the session, heart rates and blood pressure fell across all individuals to a level that would be considered healthy and indicative of limited stress or anxiety.(事实上，有些人的心率和血压甚至更高，这表明这些参与者的压力水平更高。在整个疗程中，所有人的心率和血压都降到了健康水平，表明压力或焦虑程度有限)”可知，后文说心率和血压甚至更高，是和前文比较，所以前文应是说大多数参与者的心率和血压都有轻微的升高，推知elevated应是“提高”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The University of Leeds have discovered a way to reduce stress — watching videos and images of cute animals can help reduce stress levels by up to 50%.(利兹大学发现了一种减轻压力的方法——观看可爱动物的视频和图片可以帮助减少多达50%的压力水平)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了观看可爱的动物可以显著减轻压力。故选B项。
8．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The psychological aspect investigated was the state anxiety, which is caused by a particular event, like an exam.(研究中调查的心理方面是状态焦虑，这是由一个特定的事件引起的，比如考试)”可知，研究中调查的心理方面是由特定事件引起的状态焦虑。故选D项。
C&D 3
（24-25高三上·山东日照·期末）One of my favorite things about the parenting stage I’m at is the amount of hugs I get to give on a daily basis. My child is quite young and a good long hug still works to calm her down when she’s upset or trying to will herself to stay awake at bedtime. But that golden touch isn’t something unique to our parent-child relationship. Parents all over the world use a gentle caress (爱抚) to calm our children.
Scientists say that special touch is something all of us mammals use on our children. It’s thought to activate the C-tactile fibers under the parts of our skin covered with hair, which results in relief, said neurobiologist Ishmail Abdus-Saboor. As the story explains, it turns out that the fibers, which have sensory terminals that appear to be free nerve endings, are “especially equipped to detect a gentle, stroking caress and are part of a system activating the warm, calm and peaceful feeling you’re published with people who love you.”
At the start of the year, Abdus-Saboor when he published a paper in Cell that demonstrated the activation of these neurons in mice. Apparently, touch sparks the dopamine (多巴胺) pathways in their brains, causing them to seek the hug or touch again and again. “These nerves basically have a dedicated, neuronal highway to the brain’s reward centers,” he explained. “So why would you wire a system like this Well, turning on these neurons is so important for social encounters, relationships, bonding, calming and stress relief.”
There is some evidence that the nerves may also activate the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in people’s brains. But even neuroscientists who are unsure about an endorphin link agree that you rarely need words to calm a bad-tempered kid: A parental caress may be all that’s needed for children to feel cared for and safe. “Being touched is just a basic need, like having dinner when you are hungry,” said neuroscientist Helena Wessling. “You need to have this touch in order for you to reach a good, steady state in your body. You need it so you can feel safe enough to go out and explore the world.”
9．What do scientists say about the C-tactile fibers
A．They are sensitive to sounds.
B．They are unique to human beings.
C．They can contribute to positive feelings.
D．They can be found throughout our body.
10．Why did Abdus-Saboor conduct the experiment on mice
A．To learn more about their brain structure.
B．To prove the favorable outcomes of touch.
C．To identify similarities between them and humans.
D．To confirm the existence of C-tactile fibers in their bodies.
11．What can be inferred from Helena Wessling’s words
A．Touch is not suitable for everyone.
B．Touch is essential for one’s well-being.
C．The value of touch is often underestimated.
D．Parents’ touch is especially useful for angry kids.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Calming kids without words
B．Children’s emotional needs
C．Touch - a secret language
D．Effective parenting tricks
【答案】9．C 10．B 11．B 12．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科普知识 、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了拥抱和轻柔抚摸对孩子具有安抚作用，科学家发现这种触摸会激活哺乳类动物皮肤下的C-触觉纤维，从而产生温暖、平静的感觉，对人类社交、关系建立、缓解压力等都很重要，是满足人类基本需求的一种方式。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s thought to activate the C-tactile fibers under the parts of our skin covered with hair, which results in relief, said neurobiologist Ishmail Abdus-Saboor. As the story explains, it turns out that the fibers, which have sensory terminals that appear to be free nerve endings, are “especially equipped to detect a gentle, stroking caress and are part of a system activating the warm, calm and peaceful feeling you’re published with people who love you.(神经生物学家Ishmail Abdus-Saboor说，它被认为可以激活我们皮肤上长满毛发的部位下的C-触觉纤维，从而缓解疼痛。正如这个故事所解释的那样，事实证明，这些纤维的感觉终端似乎是自由的神经末梢，“特别适合探测温柔、抚摸的爱抚，是一个系统的一部分，它激活了你和爱你的人在一起时产生的温暖、平静和和平的感觉。”)”可知，科学家们认为触摸能够触发我们皮肤下毛发覆盖部分的 C - tactile 纤维，C - tactile 纤维能够触发积极的感觉。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“At the start of the year, Abdus-Saboor when he published a paper in Cell that demonstrated the activation of these neurons in mice. Apparently, touch sparks the dopamine (多巴胺) pathways in their brains, causing them to seek the hug or touch again and again.( 今年年初，Abdus-Saboor在《细胞》杂志上发表了一篇论文，展示了这些神经元在老鼠身上的激活。显然，触摸会激发大脑中的多巴胺通路，导致他们一次又一次地寻求拥抱或触摸)”推知，他进行小鼠实验的目的是为了证明触摸的有益效果。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中神经科学家Helena Wessling所说的话“Being touched is just a basic need, like having dinner when you are hungry,” said neuroscientist Helena Wessling. “You need to have this touch in order for you to reach a good, steady state in your body. You need it so you can feel safe enough to go out and explore the world.(被触摸只是一种基本需求，就像饿了吃晚饭一样，”神经科学家Helena Wessling说。“你需要有这种触觉，才能让你的身体达到一个良好、稳定的状态。你需要它，这样你才能有足够的安全感去探索这个世界)”可知，触摸对于人的健康至关重要。故选B。
12．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Scientists say that special touch is something all of us mammals use on our children. It’s thought to activate the C-tactile fibers under the parts of our skin covered with hair, which results in relief, said neurobiologist Ishmail Abdus-Saboor.(科学家们说，我们所有哺乳动物都会对孩子使用这种特殊的触摸。神经生物学家Ishmail Abdus-Saboo表示，这种触摸被认为可以激活我们皮肤被毛发覆盖的部分下的C触觉纤维，从而产生舒缓的感觉)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了科学家发现触摸可以激活C-触觉纤维，产生舒缓的感觉，有助于社会交往、关系建立、缓解压力和焦虑等，由此强调了爱抚在亲子关系中的重要性，以及它对于儿童情绪调节和心理健康的积极作用。因此，A选项“Calming kids without words(不用言语安抚孩子)”最能概括文章主旨，因为文章主要讲述了触摸作为一种非言语的安抚方式对孩子的作用。故选A。
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·山西阳泉·期末）Our brain isn’t the only place memories form in our body. New York University researchers have discovered learning through repetition may be fundamental to all of our cells. The process may also help explain why taking breaks is such a powerful learning tool.
Many learn the hard way that cramming for exams doesn’t create the most reliable long-term memories. Multiple cycles of chemical activity through a repeated behavior is what activates the memory-formation process among our neurons (神经元), changing into increasingly stronger memories. This phenomenon is called the massed-spaced effect.
By exposing non-brain nerve and kidney cells to similar chemical patterns in the lab, Prof. Kukushkin and his colleagues showed for the first time that these tissues (组织) experience massed-spaced effect too. Genes associated with memory formation in neurons also seemed to be activated within these cells.
How the nerve and kidney cells responded depended on the number of rounds of protein kinases A and C (PKA and PKC) they were treated with. These chemical ’training pulses’ are known components of memory forming signaling cascades (信号级联). “A three-minute pulse did turn on the ’memory gene,’ but only for, an hour or two, whereas after four pulses, the gene was turned on stronger, and stayed on for days,” Kukushkin writes for Psychology Today.
The cell responses also depended on the time between pulses. These factors varied how strongly the memory-forming molecules (分子) were activated, and for how long — exactly what happens with our neurons.
Neuroscientist Ashok Hegde calls the study “interesting”, because they are applying what’s generally considered a neuroscience principle sort of broadly to understand gene expression in nonneuronal cells. He says this research may someday help with the search for potential drugs to treat disease with memory loss.
Kukushkin agrees and adds, “Maybe we can think of cancer cells as having memories, and we need to consider not just how much drug we are giving a person, but what is the time pattern of that drug, just as we think about how to learn more efficiently.”
13．What can be learnt about memory formation in Paragraph 2
A．It is called massed-space effect. B．It can be activated by quantities of input.
C．It can be stimulated by repeated behavior. D．It can produce reliable memory in exams.
14．Which of the following can keep “memory gene” stay longer according to Paragraph 4
A．Three, 2-minute chemical pulse separated by 2 minutes.
B．Four, 2-minute chemical pulse separated by 2 minutes.
C．Three, 3-minute chemical pulses separated by 5 minutes.
D．Four, 3-minute chemical pulses separated by 5 minutes.
15．What is Neuroscientist Ashok Hegde’s attitude towards this research
A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Disapproval. D．Patient.
16．What does Kukushin mean in the last paragraph
A．Cancer cells can remember a person’s drug.
B．Time pattern is more important than drug dosage.
C．Time administration should be taken into account.
D．Cancer cells need learning with high efficiency.
【答案】13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科普知识 、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了重复学习对记忆形成的重要性及其新发现。
13．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Multiple cycles of chemical activity through a repeated behavior is what activates the memory-formation process among our neurons (神经元), changing into increasingly stronger memories. (通过重复的行为，化学活动的多个周期激活了我们神经元中的记忆形成过程，并逐渐转变为更强的记忆。)”可知，重复的行为可以刺激记忆形成的过程。故选C。
14．细节理解题。由文章第四段中““A three-minute pulse did turn on the ’memory gene,’ but only for, an hour or two, whereas after four pulses, the gene was turned on stronger, and stayed on for days,” Kukushkin writes for Psychology Today. (库库什金在《今日心理学》杂志中写道：“三分钟的脉冲确实启动了‘记忆基因’，但只持续了一两个小时，而经过四次脉冲后，该基因被更强烈地启动，并持续数天。”)”可知，四个三分钟间隔的化学脉冲可以使“记忆基因”保持更长时间。故选D。
15．推理判断题。由文章第六段中“Neuroscientist Ashok Hegde calls the study “interesting”, because they are applying what’s generally considered a neuroscience principle sort of broadly to understand gene expression in nonneuronal cells. (神经科学家阿肖克·赫格认为这项研究“很有趣”，因为他们将通常被认为是神经科学原理的内容广泛应用到理解非神经元细胞的基因表达上。)”可知，神经科学家阿肖克·赫格认为这项研究很有趣，说明他对这项研究持支持态度。故选A。
16．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Kukushkin agrees and adds, “Maybe we can think of cancer cells as having memories, and we need to consider not just how much drug we are giving a person, but what is the time pattern of that drug, just as we think about how to learn more efficiently.” (库库什金表示赞同，并补充道：“也许我们可以把癌细胞看作是有记忆的，我们不仅要考虑给病人多少药物，还要考虑药物的时间模式，就像我们思考如何更高效地学习一样。”)”可知，库库什金认为在癌症治疗中，时间模式可能比药物剂量更重要，就像我们考虑如何更有效地学习一样。因此，他强调的是在治疗中要考虑时间管理。故选C。
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·江西赣州·期末）A robotic finger that could find cancerous lumps (肿块) under the skin has been invented by scientists. The device made by Chinese engineers has a highly sensitive form of machine feeling that uses springs to detect tiny lumps. Experts hope the device may serve as a “robodoctor” to help clinicians with routine tasks like taking a pulse or checking for lumps. Dr Hongbo Wang, an author of the study from the University of Science and Technology of China, said: “We believe a hand that can move freely with these fingers could serve as a ‘robodoctor’ in future hospitals, especially helping patients in rural or undeveloped areas lacking trained medical professionals.”
Scientists have created robotic fingers and hands for a long time, but it has been a continuous struggle to copy the soft, delicate sensing abilities of a doctor’s hands. To address this challenge, scientists developed a device using springs, cameras, electrical sensors, and AI to detect pressure changes on the fingertip and identify objects it touches. In their study, scientists say the device could be adjusted to be as sensitive as a human finger.
Dr Wang said: “Humans can easily recognize the firmness of diverse objects by simply pressing them with their fingers.” Similarly, since the device has the ability to sense both its bending and the force at the fingertip, it can detect firmness similar to our human hands by simply pressing an object. The Chinese team found that the robotic finger can type “like a human hand”, spelling out the word “hello”.
By using additional sensors to improve joint mobility, enabling the device to move in multiple directions just like a human finger, the researchers say it may be ready to perform “effective and efficient” medical examinations in the near future. Dr Wang added: “We hope to develop an intelligent hand, together with a sensorised artificial muscle-driven robotic arm, to copy the unique functions and fine movements of the human hands.”
17．What is the function of the robotic finger
A．To replace human doctors.
B．To diagnose various diseases.
C．To detect small physical changes.
D．To conduct highly precise surgeries.
18．Why does the author mention the robotic finger’s typing ability
A．To show its sensing capability.
B．To prove its reliability.
C．To stress its spelling ability.
D．To reveal its complexity.
19．How do researchers plan to improve the robotic finger
A．By adding more basic functions.
B．By enhancing its existing features.
C．By preparing it for medical operations.
D．By using AI to improve joint mobility.
20．What is the passage mainly about
A．Progress in robotic operation technology.
B．Benefits of robotic hands in medical care.
C．Applications of AI in diagnosing diseases.
D．Invention of robotic fingers in cancer detection.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】发明与创造 、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A robotic finger that could find cancerous lumps (肿块) under the skin has been invented by scientists. The device made by Chinese engineers has a highly sensitive form of machine feeling that uses springs to detect tiny lumps.(科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块。中国工程师制造的设备具有高度灵敏的机器感觉，利用弹簧来检测微小的肿块)”可知，机械手指的功能是检测微小的身体变化。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Similarly, since the device has the ability to sense both its bending and the force at the fingertip, it can detect firmness similar to our human hands by simply pressing an object. The Chinese team found that the robotic finger can type “like a human hand”, spelling out the word “hello”.(同样，由于该设备能够感知其弯曲和指尖的力量，因此只需按压物体即可检测到类似于人手的硬度。中国团队发现，机器人手指可以“像人手一样”打字，拼出“你好”这个词。)”可知，作者提到机械手指的打字能力是为了展示其传感能力。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By using additional sensors to improve joint mobility, enabling the device to move in multiple directions just like a human finger, the researchers say it may be ready to perform “effective and efficient” medical examinations in the near future.( 研究人员表示，通过使用额外的传感器来改善关节活动性，使该设备能够像人类手指一样向多个方向移动，它可能已经准备好在不久的将来进行“有效且高效”的医疗检查。)”可知，研究人员计划通过增强机器人手指现有的功能来改进机器人手指，故选B。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A robotic finger that could find cancerous lumps (肿块) under the skin has been invented by scientists. The device made by Chinese engineers has a highly sensitive form of machine feeling that uses springs to detect tiny lumps.(科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块。中国工程师制造的设备具有高度灵敏的机器感觉，利用弹簧来检测微小的肿块)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国科学家发明了一种机器人手指，可以发现皮肤下的癌肿块。故选D。
