35.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之人工智能在医学领域的应用及其带来的变革 说明文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之Toastmasters的经历，强调了反馈在个人成长中的关键作用 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之欧盟出台的一项新政策，要求所有一次性使用的塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上，以减少塑料垃圾 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之夯土建造的长城部分一直被认为是结构上的弱点 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之人们依恋风格的不同会影响表情符号的使用 说明文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
判断说明文选项是否是对原文的概括归纳，可以从以下几个方面入手：
内容的全面性
涵盖主要信息：原文通常会围绕一个主题展开多个方面的论述，概括归纳的选项需要涵盖原文中关于该主题的主要信息点。比如一篇介绍某种新型环保材料的说明文，若选项能将材料的成分、性能、应用领域及环保优势等主要方面都包含进去，大概率是概括归纳项；若只提及其中某一个方面，如只说成分，就可能只是细节项而非概括项。
兼顾不同段落：文章可能在不同段落阐述不同要点，概括性选项要能综合各段落的关键内容。例如，首段介绍背景，中间段落讲具体特点，尾段说发展前景，概括归纳的选项应把这些不同段落的核心内容都有所体现，而不是只聚焦于某一段。
表述的抽象性与概括性
使用概括性词汇：概括归纳的选项往往会使用一些具有概括性、抽象性的词汇来总结原文内容。像 “characteristics”“advantages”“significance” 等词汇，如果选项中出现这类词，同时后面的内容又是对原文多个具体内容的提炼，那么很可能是概括归纳项。比如选项 “Advantages of 5G Technology”，若后面具体阐述的是 5G 在速度、延迟、容量等多方面比传统网络的优势，就是对原文相关内容的概括。
避免具体细节罗列：与原文相比，概括归纳的选项不会包含过多具体的细节描述，而是侧重于提炼核心观点和主要内容。例如原文详细列举了某种产品在不同测试环境下的具体数据，而选项只是说该产品性能良好，这就是一种概括归纳的表述；若选项也把具体数据一一列出，就更倾向于是对原文细节的重复。
逻辑的连贯性与一致性
与原文逻辑相符：概括归纳的选项要与原文的整体逻辑结构相契合，能准确反映原文各部分内容之间的逻辑关系。比如原文是按照 “提出问题 - 分析问题 - 解决问题” 的逻辑行文，选项的概括也应体现这样的逻辑脉络，如 “Problem Analysis and Solutions in Environmental Protection”。
内部逻辑自洽：选项本身的内容在逻辑上要连贯、合理，不能出现前后矛盾或逻辑混乱的情况。比如不能在概括某种技术的发展时，前面说技术在不断进步，后面又说技术面临无法突破的瓶颈，却没有合理的过渡和解释。
与原文的整体关联性
契合文章主题：概括归纳的选项必然与文章的主题紧密相关，是对文章主题相关内容的整体提炼。例如文章主题是探讨人工智能在医疗领域的应用，选项应该围绕人工智能在医疗诊断、治疗、康复等方面的应用进行概括，而不会偏离到人工智能在其他领域的内容或与医疗无关的人工智能技术本身。
体现整体意图：要能体现作者的整体写作意图，是对作者想要传达的主要信息的浓缩。如作者写文章是为了介绍某种新的科学发现及其意义，选项就应该从介绍发现内容和阐述意义的角度进行概括，而不是只关注一些旁枝末节的信息。
【词汇清障】
C&D1
infancy A. 误诊
revolutionize B. 初期
misdiagnose C. 诊断
diagnose D. 使彻底变革
symptom E. 症状
——————————————————————————————————
considerably A. 肿瘤
tumor B. 显著地
benign C. 放射科医生
radiologist D. 良性的
interact E. 交流
C&D2
accumulate A. 卓越的
steadfast B. 积累
surmount C. 持续的
esteemed D. 坚定的
arduous E. 克服
——————————————————————————————————
assimilate A. 至关重要的
salient B. 吸收
pivotal C. 明显的
detrimental D. 有害的
spur E. 激励
C&D3
odd A. 立法
policy B. 奇怪的
contemporary C. 政策
legislation D. 当代的
onus E. 责任
——————————————————————————————————
readily A. 可回收利用的
remove B. 容易地
realistic C. 去除
reusable D. 现实的
consequence E. 后果
C&D4
rammed earth A. 微生物
microorganism B. 夯土
heritage C. 分泌物
secretion D. 遗产
organism E. 生物体
——————————————————————————————————
mechanism A. 保护
conservation B. 内部的
internal C. 机制
assume D. 假定
scale E. 规模
C&D5
emoji A. 附件；依恋
attachment B. 表情符号
virtual C. 典型的
typical D. 虚拟的
caregiver E. 护理者
——————————————————————————————————
dismissive A. 不一致的
inconsistent B. 情感上的
anxious A. 焦虑的
emotional B. 不以为然的
counterpart E. 对应的人（或物）
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）Artificial intelligence (AI) is still in its infancy, yet it is already revolutionizing medicine, making health care more accurate and less expensive for everyone.
In 2022, the Department of Health and Human Services reported that about 6 percent of the more than 130 million people who go to emergency rooms every year are misdiagnosed. Of those, 2.6 million people are unnecessarily harmed because of their misdiagnosis. Roughly 400,000 are permanently disabled or die.
Artificial intelligence has the potential to significantly reduce those tragedies. A recent study out of Boston comparing the performance of chatbot-assisted physicians in diagnosing patients to just chatbots themselves found that the bots performed considerably better. Given a patient’s case history and symptoms, the chatbot alone scored an average of 90 percent in correctly diagnosing their condition. Physicians using the technology scored only 76 percent on average — just slightly better than the 74 percent average for humans with no AI help at all.
A 2024 review of studies similarly found that screenings for skin cancer aided by AI were more accurate than those without the technology. It is also better at determining which tumors are benign (良性), limiting the number of unnecessary and expensive checks that patients must endure, not to mention the anxiety that comes with the procedures. Another review found similar results for breast cancer screenings, while also showing that AI reduced the workload of radiologists by 68 percent.
Of course, the use of AI in medicine is not to replace humans; it is to give them better tools to help their patients. Then again, as AI models improve, it’s possible to imagine a future in which physicians are required to use them in screenings,and doctors devote more and more of their time to doing things AI is less suited to do, such as interacting with patients, explaining the medicine, and thinking through unusual or unexpected circumstances.
1．What is the 2022 report mainly concerned about
A．The wide use of AI in medicine. B．The urgent need of medical care.
C．The seriousness of misdiagnosis. D．The cause of death and disability.
2．Which aspect of medical AI does the Boston study focus on
A．Diagnostic accuracy. B．Treatment effects.
C．Medical screening. D．Up-dated models.
3．What is the main purpose of applications of medical AI
A．To make health care cheaper. B．To offer a tool for diagnosis.
C．To reduce the doctors’ burden. D．To take place of medical staff.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the use of AI in medicine
A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Favorable.
C&D 2
（2025·广东佛山·一模）I have accumulated a substantial degree of familiarity with Toastmasters, an organization that is steadfastly committed to aiding individuals in surmounting their apprehensions related to public speaking. It was several years ago that I initially joined this esteemed group, driven by the earnest desire to augment my own oratorical capabilities. Subsequent to delivering one of my speeches, the critique I received was rather harsh, and regardless of whether it was intended to be constructive, the process of assimilating such feedback proved to be a formidable challenge, leaving me feeling emotionally distressed.
Throughout my association with Toastmasters, I have gleaned a multitude of valuable insights, one of the most salient being the pivotal role of effective feedback. For adults, the act of embracing critical evaluations from others is often an arduous endeavor, even when such critiques are well-intentioned. Thus, it comes as no surprise that children, too, may encounter considerable difficulties in this regard. Nevertheless, the feedback that children receive from educators and parents is undeniably vital to their overall growth and development. Consequently, it behooves parents to not only master the art of delivering feedback in a manner that is both effective and empathetic but also to instill in their children the ability to receive such feedback with an open mind and a discerning spirit.
The manner in which parents convey their feedback is of equal significance to the specific lexicon employed. While one may harbor the best intentions, poorly articulated feedback can, paradoxically, prove to be more detrimental than beneficial. It is imperative, therefore, to cultivate an environment within the home that is both welcoming and secure, facilitating the reception and processing of feedback. Particularly within the parent-child dynamic, feedback must be healthy, constructive, and consistent.
The choice of words, too, is of paramount importance. In a recent article published in The New York Times, Dr. Adam Grant, a distinguished organizational psychologist at the Wharton School, posits that employing nouns rather than verbs to encourage children is “22 to 29 percent more effective.” However, when it comes to providing negative feedback, the use of verbs generally yields more advantageous outcomes.
A parent’s feedback serves as the foundational framework for how a child will subsequently manage their internal dialogue. Consider, for instance, a conversation you might have with your child regarding their aspirations and goals. Your feedback has the potential not only to spur them to concentrate on their current position but also to reflect upon the progress they have made thus far. This type of feedback can, in turn, inspire them to persevere and ultimately reach their desired destination.
5．Why does the author share their experience with Toastmasters
A．To illustrate the importance of joining public speaking clubs.
B．To demonstrate the impact of harsh feedback.
C．To emphasize the necessity of proper feedback in personal growth.
D．To explain the primary function of feedback in skill development.
6．According to Dr. Adam Grant, which types of feedback are considered effective
① You’re a big helper.
② You’re a poor math learner.
③ You’ve been helpful this afternoon.
④ You didn’t do well on this math test.
A．①②
B．①④
C．②③
D．③④
7．What is the meaning of the underlined word “spur” in the last paragraph
A．Restrict.
B．Observe.
C．Persuade.
D．Motivate.
8．Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage
A．Strategies for Responding to Constructive Criticism.
B．The Importance of Receiving Feedback with Openness.
C．Techniques for Delivering Effective Feedback.
D．The Role of Public Speaking in Personal Development.
C&D 3
（24-25高三上·河北沧州·期末）You may have bought a drink recently and noticed something odd: the once removable cap is now tethered (拴住) to the bottle by a small piece of plastic. In July, the EU made a new policy, requiring that all single-use bottles have caps that remain attached. This is one of several policies designed to limit the amount of plastic litter — particularly the caps from single-use plastic bottles which are far more likely to find their way into the environment and bring a big risk to wildlife.
Producers have included the tether on bottles sold across the European market, including in the UK. It is time everyone got on board. In my opinion, this tiny adjustment is the first effective anti-littering policy that contemporary politics has come up with. The design of a product affects how readily it becomes litter, and this is especially true for bottle caps. Tethered caps are not easily removed from plastic bottles — they are difficult to throw away even if someone wants to.
Plastic bottle caps are now among the top ten litter items found in rivers and the ocean. In the UK, 2023 beach surveys listed bottle caps as the third most common type of litter, while on the Dutch North Sea coastline, surveys recorded up to 128 bottle caps for each kilometer of beach in 2016.
It is worth noting that recycling has never been a realistic solution to the overproduction of plastic. Legislation (立法) could solve some of the issues coming from tethered lids (附着瓶盖). The UK aims to establish a national bottle return system, and will need new systems for handling mixed-material recycling anyway (not only bottles and lids, but coffee cups, tetra packs and straws, among other items). Elsewhere, legislation could soon fine producers that fail to address the environmental consequences of the packaging they have made.
Trying to solve littering by asking the public to stop is not working. Tethered bottle caps are a refreshing idea that puts the onus on those pumping out millions of litter-able items in the first place. This means that the duty to reduce litter falls on the companies that produce these items, rather than just on individuals to clean up after them.
9．What is the purpose of the EU policy requiring tethered caps on single-use bottles
A．To reduce plastic litter. B．To increase recycling rates.
C．To standardize bottle design. D．To promote the use of reusable bottles.
10．How does the author develop his argument in paragraph 3
A．By listing figures. B．By making a comparison.
C．By analyzing cause and effect. D．By following the order of time.
11．What does the underlined word “onus” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Stress. B．Responsibility. C．Punishment. D．Initiative.
12．What is the best title for this text
A．The Problem with Plastic Bottle Caps B．The Failure of Public Littering Efforts
C．The EU’s New Bottle Cap Policy D．The Importance of Mixed-Material Recycling
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·期末）Rammed earth (夯土) parts of the Great Wall have been regarded as a weak point in its structure. But they developed a natural line of defense against the approaching risk of worsening, a new study has found.
The soil surfaces on the Great Wall are covered by a “living skin” of tiny, rootless plants and microorganisms known as biocrusts that are a source of the heritage site’s staying power, according to soil ecologist Matthew Bowker, coauthor of the study published in the journal Science Advances.
Examining samples taken from over 483 kilometers across eight rammed earth sections of the site built between 1368 and 1644, the study authors found that more than two-thirds of the area is covered in biocrusts. And the researchers discovered that samples with biocrusts were three times as strong as those without. The secretions (分泌物) and structural layers of biocrusts form a “sticky network” of soil particles that promote strength and stability against negative forces threatening the Great Wall.
Most of the communities that make up a biocrust start from a single organism that grows and makes the environments it grows within suitable for others. Although they’re still easily affected by climate change, these constantly-evolving organisms are expected to use internal mechanisms to adapt to future extremes, said Emmanuel Salifu, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. “Even if we said warmer temperatures, they’re suited to performing in those conditions,” he said. “We assume they’ll be better able to survive if we engineer their growth at scale.” Salifu sees the new study as evidence of the potential advantages of engineering biocrusts for the conservation of earthen heritage sites.
Beyond its status as a tourist destination, the Great Wall has great cultural significance, which is why the biocrusts preserving it are so important, said study coauthor Bo Xiao, a professor from China Agricultural University.
13．What do the underlined words “a natural line of defense” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The protective role of biocrusts. B．The deep research into biocrusts.
C．The cultural value of the Great Wall. D．The poor protection of the Great Wall.
14．How did the researchers confirm the beneficial effects of biocrusts
A．By referring to previous studies. B．By measuring the scale of biocrusts.
C．By comparing the collected samples. D．By analyzing the secretions of biocrusts.
15．What is implied in Emmanuel Salifu’s words
A．The bright future of plant engineering.
B．International recognition of the current study.
C．The growing seriousness of global climate change.
D．Possibilities for applying biotechnology to biocrusts.
16．What might be the best title for the text
A．A “living skin” is protecting the Great Wall
B．A “living skin” is forming on the Great Wall
C．Biocrusts play a key role in scientific studies
D．Biocrusts show their powerful ability to survive
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）If you use lots of emoji (表情符号) when messaging your friends, you may be more emotionally intelligent — that is, better able to understand your emotions and those of others. That is the conclusion of a team of U.S. researchers from Indiana University (IU), who also found that reduced emoji use with friends and partners is associated with an avoidant relationship attachment style.
“The way we interact during virtual communications may reveal something more about ourselves,” said paper author and IU psychologist Simon Dubé in a statement. “It is not just a smiley face or heart emoji — it’s a way to convey meaning and communicate more effectively, and how you use it tells us something about you,” he said.
In their study, Dubé and his colleagues interviewed 320 U.S. adults who regularly send and receive text messages. Each subject was surveyed about his or her identity information, typical emoji use, emotional intelligence and so-called attachment styles.
The latter refers to the ways in which we relate to other people when in close relationships and are thought to be influenced by how we interact with parents and other caregivers early in life. Children who feel safe, protected and supported by their caregivers tend to go on to develop a secure attachment style, which is the healthiest type. In contrast, children whose parents are emotionally distant or dismissive tend to develop an avoidant attachment style and struggle to develop close relationships later in life.
Inconsistent caregiving, meanwhile, can lead to anxious attachment, where people long for closeness but meanwhile fear abandonment and rejection.
The researchers found that texters with higher levels of emotional intelligence and secure attachment styles tend to use more emoji when messaging. Overall, women were found to use emoji more with friends and family than their male counterparts do. However, women were found to send and receive emoji less often with friends, dates and romantic partners when they exhibited more avoidant styles of attachment. Men with avoidant attachment, meanwhile, were found to send fewer emoji to partners.
The team admitted that its study was limited. The participants were mainly white, married, educated, English-speaking people and therefore do not fully reflect the population.
17．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Emoji use strengthening family ties. B．Attachment styles affecting emoji use.
C．The development of attachment styles. D．Emoji use and emotional intelligence.
18．What did Simon Dubé mean about Emoji use
A．It shows your skills of interaction. B．It helps keep a close relationship.
C．It reveals your private information. D．It raises communication efficiency.
19．What might result in avoidant attachment
A．Lack of care in childhood. B．Having a secure childhood.
C．Using no emoji when texting. D．The overuse of social media.
20．What might be a cause of the limitation of the study
A．Insufficient amount of data. B．No supporting evidence.
C．Improper way of sampling. D．Mistakes in data analysis.35.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之人工智能在医学领域的应用及其带来的变革 说明文 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之Toastmasters的经历，强调了反馈在个人成长中的关键作用 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之欧盟出台的一项新政策，要求所有一次性使用的塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上，以减少塑料垃圾 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之夯土建造的长城部分一直被认为是结构上的弱点 说明文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之人们依恋风格的不同会影响表情符号的使用 说明文 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
判断说明文选项是否是对原文的概括归纳，可以从以下几个方面入手：
内容的全面性
涵盖主要信息：原文通常会围绕一个主题展开多个方面的论述，概括归纳的选项需要涵盖原文中关于该主题的主要信息点。比如一篇介绍某种新型环保材料的说明文，若选项能将材料的成分、性能、应用领域及环保优势等主要方面都包含进去，大概率是概括归纳项；若只提及其中某一个方面，如只说成分，就可能只是细节项而非概括项。
兼顾不同段落：文章可能在不同段落阐述不同要点，概括性选项要能综合各段落的关键内容。例如，首段介绍背景，中间段落讲具体特点，尾段说发展前景，概括归纳的选项应把这些不同段落的核心内容都有所体现，而不是只聚焦于某一段。
表述的抽象性与概括性
使用概括性词汇：概括归纳的选项往往会使用一些具有概括性、抽象性的词汇来总结原文内容。像 “characteristics”“advantages”“significance” 等词汇，如果选项中出现这类词，同时后面的内容又是对原文多个具体内容的提炼，那么很可能是概括归纳项。比如选项 “Advantages of 5G Technology”，若后面具体阐述的是 5G 在速度、延迟、容量等多方面比传统网络的优势，就是对原文相关内容的概括。
避免具体细节罗列：与原文相比，概括归纳的选项不会包含过多具体的细节描述，而是侧重于提炼核心观点和主要内容。例如原文详细列举了某种产品在不同测试环境下的具体数据，而选项只是说该产品性能良好，这就是一种概括归纳的表述；若选项也把具体数据一一列出，就更倾向于是对原文细节的重复。
逻辑的连贯性与一致性
与原文逻辑相符：概括归纳的选项要与原文的整体逻辑结构相契合，能准确反映原文各部分内容之间的逻辑关系。比如原文是按照 “提出问题 - 分析问题 - 解决问题” 的逻辑行文，选项的概括也应体现这样的逻辑脉络，如 “Problem Analysis and Solutions in Environmental Protection”。
内部逻辑自洽：选项本身的内容在逻辑上要连贯、合理，不能出现前后矛盾或逻辑混乱的情况。比如不能在概括某种技术的发展时，前面说技术在不断进步，后面又说技术面临无法突破的瓶颈，却没有合理的过渡和解释。
与原文的整体关联性
契合文章主题：概括归纳的选项必然与文章的主题紧密相关，是对文章主题相关内容的整体提炼。例如文章主题是探讨人工智能在医疗领域的应用，选项应该围绕人工智能在医疗诊断、治疗、康复等方面的应用进行概括，而不会偏离到人工智能在其他领域的内容或与医疗无关的人工智能技术本身。
体现整体意图：要能体现作者的整体写作意图，是对作者想要传达的主要信息的浓缩。如作者写文章是为了介绍某种新的科学发现及其意义，选项就应该从介绍发现内容和阐述意义的角度进行概括，而不是只关注一些旁枝末节的信息。
【词汇清障】
C&D1
infancy A. 误诊
revolutionize B. 初期
misdiagnose C. 诊断
diagnose D. 使彻底变革
symptom E. 症状
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - A；4 - C；5 - E
considerably A. 肿瘤
tumor B. 显著地
benign C. 放射科医生
radiologist D. 良性的
interact E. 交流
答案：6 - B；7 - A；8 - D；9 - C；10 - E
C&D2
accumulate A. 卓越的
steadfast B. 积累
surmount C. 持续的
esteemed D. 坚定的
arduous E. 克服
答案：1 - B；2 - D；3 - E；4 - A；5 - C
assimilate A. 至关重要的
salient B. 吸收
pivotal C. 明显的
detrimental D. 有害的
spur E. 激励
答案：6 - B；7 - C；8 - A；9 - D；10 - E
C&D3
odd A. 立法
policy B. 奇怪的
contemporary C. 政策
legislation D. 当代的
onus E. 责任
答案：1 - B；2 - C；3 - D；4 - A；5 - E
readily A. 可回收利用的
remove B. 容易地
realistic C. 去除
reusable D. 现实的
consequence E. 后果
答案：6 - B；7 - C；8 - D；9 - A；10 - E
C&D4
rammed earth A. 微生物
microorganism B. 夯土
heritage C. 分泌物
secretion D. 遗产
organism E. 生物体
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
mechanism A. 保护
conservation B. 内部的
internal C. 机制
assume D. 假定
scale E. 规模
答案：6 - C；7 - A；8 - B；9 - D；10 - E
C&D5
emoji A. 附件；依恋
attachment B. 表情符号
virtual C. 典型的
typical D. 虚拟的
caregiver E. 护理者
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
dismissive A. 不一致的
inconsistent B. 情感上的
anxious A. 焦虑的
emotional B. 不以为然的
counterpart E. 对应的人（或物）
答案：6 - D；7 - A；8 - C；9 - B；10 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）Artificial intelligence (AI) is still in its infancy, yet it is already revolutionizing medicine, making health care more accurate and less expensive for everyone.
In 2022, the Department of Health and Human Services reported that about 6 percent of the more than 130 million people who go to emergency rooms every year are misdiagnosed. Of those, 2.6 million people are unnecessarily harmed because of their misdiagnosis. Roughly 400,000 are permanently disabled or die.
Artificial intelligence has the potential to significantly reduce those tragedies. A recent study out of Boston comparing the performance of chatbot-assisted physicians in diagnosing patients to just chatbots themselves found that the bots performed considerably better. Given a patient’s case history and symptoms, the chatbot alone scored an average of 90 percent in correctly diagnosing their condition. Physicians using the technology scored only 76 percent on average — just slightly better than the 74 percent average for humans with no AI help at all.
A 2024 review of studies similarly found that screenings for skin cancer aided by AI were more accurate than those without the technology. It is also better at determining which tumors are benign (良性), limiting the number of unnecessary and expensive checks that patients must endure, not to mention the anxiety that comes with the procedures. Another review found similar results for breast cancer screenings, while also showing that AI reduced the workload of radiologists by 68 percent.
Of course, the use of AI in medicine is not to replace humans; it is to give them better tools to help their patients. Then again, as AI models improve, it’s possible to imagine a future in which physicians are required to use them in screenings,and doctors devote more and more of their time to doing things AI is less suited to do, such as interacting with patients, explaining the medicine, and thinking through unusual or unexpected circumstances.
1．What is the 2022 report mainly concerned about
A．The wide use of AI in medicine. B．The urgent need of medical care.
C．The seriousness of misdiagnosis. D．The cause of death and disability.
2．Which aspect of medical AI does the Boston study focus on
A．Diagnostic accuracy. B．Treatment effects.
C．Medical screening. D．Up-dated models.
3．What is the main purpose of applications of medical AI
A．To make health care cheaper. B．To offer a tool for diagnosis.
C．To reduce the doctors’ burden. D．To take place of medical staff.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the use of AI in medicine
A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Favorable.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】医疗 、说明文、人工智能
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医学领域的应用及其带来的变革，通过具体的数据和研究结果来说明AI如何提高医疗诊断的准确性和效率，同时强调AI并不是要取代医生，而是为医生提供更好的工具来帮助患者。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 2022, the Department of Health and Human Services reported that about 6 percent of the more than 130 million people who go to emergency rooms every year are misdiagnosed. Of those, 2.6 million people are unnecessarily harmed because of their misdiagnosis. Roughly 400,000 are permanently disabled or die.(2022年，美国卫生与公众服务部报告称，每年前往急诊室就诊的1.3亿多人中，约有6%的人被误诊。在这些被误诊的人中，有260万人因误诊而遭受不必要的伤害。大约40万人因此永久残疾或死亡)”可知，2022年报告指出每年1.3亿多急诊患者中有约6%被误诊，其中260万人因误诊受不必要伤害，约40万人永久残疾或死亡。这些数据都在强调误诊问题的严重性。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A recent study out of Boston comparing the performance of chatbot-assisted physicians in diagnosing patients to just chatbots themselves found that the bots performed considerably better. Given a patient’s case history and symptoms, the chatbot alone scored an average of 90 percent in correctly diagnosing their condition. Physicians using the technology scored only 76 percent on average — just slightly better than the 74 percent average for humans with no AI help at all.(波士顿近期的一项研究对比了有聊天机器人辅助的医生与单纯聊天机器人在诊断患者方面的表现，结果发现聊天机器人的表现明显更优。仅依据患者的病史和症状，聊天机器人在正确诊断病情方面的平均得分达到90%。而使用该技术的医生平均得分仅为76%，仅略高于完全没有人工智能辅助的人类医生74%的平均得分)”可知，文中提到波士顿的研究对比了聊天机器人辅助的医生和单纯聊天机器人在诊断患者方面的表现，结果是聊天机器人在正确诊断病情方面平均得分90%，使用该技术的医生平均得分 76% 。由此可见，该研究重点关注的是医疗AI 的诊断准确性。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Of course, the use of AI in medicine is not to replace humans; it is to give them better tools to help their patients.(当然，在医疗领域使用人工智能并非为了取代人类，而是为人类提供更好的工具来帮助患者)”可知，人工智能在医学中的应用是为医生提供更好的工具来帮助患者，结合前文提到AI在诊断方面的表现，可知其主要目的是提供诊断工具。故选B。
4．推理判断题。文章第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is still in its infancy, yet it is already revolutionizing medicine, making health care more accurate and less expensive for everyone.(人工智能仍处于起步阶段，但它已然在革新医疗领域，让医疗保健对每个人来说都变得更加精准且成本更低)”指AI在医疗领域虽处于起步阶段，但已对医疗保健产生积极影响，使其更精准且成本更低。接着通过多项研究表明AI在减少误诊、提高诊断准确性、辅助癌症筛查等方面的积极作用，最后还提到AI为医生提供更好工具，帮助患者。这些都体现出作者对 AI在医学中应用持支持、肯定的态度。故选D。
C&D 2
（2025·广东佛山·一模）I have accumulated a substantial degree of familiarity with Toastmasters, an organization that is steadfastly committed to aiding individuals in surmounting their apprehensions related to public speaking. It was several years ago that I initially joined this esteemed group, driven by the earnest desire to augment my own oratorical capabilities. Subsequent to delivering one of my speeches, the critique I received was rather harsh, and regardless of whether it was intended to be constructive, the process of assimilating such feedback proved to be a formidable challenge, leaving me feeling emotionally distressed.
Throughout my association with Toastmasters, I have gleaned a multitude of valuable insights, one of the most salient being the pivotal role of effective feedback. For adults, the act of embracing critical evaluations from others is often an arduous endeavor, even when such critiques are well-intentioned. Thus, it comes as no surprise that children, too, may encounter considerable difficulties in this regard. Nevertheless, the feedback that children receive from educators and parents is undeniably vital to their overall growth and development. Consequently, it behooves parents to not only master the art of delivering feedback in a manner that is both effective and empathetic but also to instill in their children the ability to receive such feedback with an open mind and a discerning spirit.
The manner in which parents convey their feedback is of equal significance to the specific lexicon employed. While one may harbor the best intentions, poorly articulated feedback can, paradoxically, prove to be more detrimental than beneficial. It is imperative, therefore, to cultivate an environment within the home that is both welcoming and secure, facilitating the reception and processing of feedback. Particularly within the parent-child dynamic, feedback must be healthy, constructive, and consistent.
The choice of words, too, is of paramount importance. In a recent article published in The New York Times, Dr. Adam Grant, a distinguished organizational psychologist at the Wharton School, posits that employing nouns rather than verbs to encourage children is “22 to 29 percent more effective.” However, when it comes to providing negative feedback, the use of verbs generally yields more advantageous outcomes.
A parent’s feedback serves as the foundational framework for how a child will subsequently manage their internal dialogue. Consider, for instance, a conversation you might have with your child regarding their aspirations and goals. Your feedback has the potential not only to spur them to concentrate on their current position but also to reflect upon the progress they have made thus far. This type of feedback can, in turn, inspire them to persevere and ultimately reach their desired destination.
5．Why does the author share their experience with Toastmasters
A．To illustrate the importance of joining public speaking clubs.
B．To demonstrate the impact of harsh feedback.
C．To emphasize the necessity of proper feedback in personal growth.
D．To explain the primary function of feedback in skill development.
6．According to Dr. Adam Grant, which types of feedback are considered effective
① You’re a big helper.
② You’re a poor math learner.
③ You’ve been helpful this afternoon.
④ You didn’t do well on this math test.
A．①②
B．①④
C．②③
D．③④
7．What is the meaning of the underlined word “spur” in the last paragraph
A．Restrict.
B．Observe.
C．Persuade.
D．Motivate.
8．Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage
A．Strategies for Responding to Constructive Criticism.
B．The Importance of Receiving Feedback with Openness.
C．Techniques for Delivering Effective Feedback.
D．The Role of Public Speaking in Personal Development.
【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】方法/策略、科普知识 、说明文
【导语】本文是议论文。 文章通过作者在Toastmasters的经历，强调了反馈在个人成长中的关键作用，并探讨了如何有效地给予和接受反馈。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“I have accumulated a substantial degree of familiarity with Toastmasters, an organization that is steadfastly committed to aiding individuals in surmounting their apprehensions related to public speaking. It was several years ago that I initially joined this esteemed group, driven by the earnest desire to augment my own oratorical capabilities. Subsequent to delivering one of my speeches, the critique I received was rather harsh, and regardless of whether it was intended to be constructive, the process of assimilating such feedback proved to be a formidable challenge, leaving me feeling emotionally distressed.(我对Toastmasters已经积累了相当程度的熟悉，这是一个坚定地致力于帮助个人克服与公开演讲有关的恐惧的组织。几年前，我第一次加入这个受人尊敬的团体，是出于增强自己演讲能力的强烈愿望。在我的一次演讲之后，我收到的批评相当严厉，不管它是否具有建设性，吸收这些反馈的过程证明是一个巨大的挑战，让我感到情绪低落)”以及第二段“Throughout my association with Toastmasters, I have gleaned a multitude of valuable insights, one of the most salient being the pivotal role of effective feedback.(在我与Toastmasters的交往中，我收集了许多有价值的见解，其中最突出的是有效反馈的关键作用)”可知，作者通过自己的经历，说明了反馈对个人成长的重要性。他提到，尽管反馈有时可能让人感到不适，但它对于个人的成长和发展是不可或缺的。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The choice of words, too, is of paramount importance. In a recent article published in The New York Times, Dr. Adam Grant, a distinguished organizational psychologist at the Wharton School, posits that employing nouns rather than verbs to encourage children is “22 to 29 percent more effective.” However, when it comes to providing negative feedback, the use of verbs generally yields more advantageous outcomes.(词汇的选择也是至关重要的。沃顿商学院杰出的组织心理学家亚当·格兰特博士最近在《纽约时报》上发表的一篇文章中指出，用名词而不是动词来鼓励孩子的效果“要高出22%到29%”。然而，当涉及到提供负面反馈时，使用动词通常会产生更有利的结果)”可知，有效的正面反馈应该是使用名词，而有效的负面反馈应该是使用动词。选项①“You’re a big helper”使用了名词，是有效的正面反馈；选项④“You didn’t do well on this math test.”使用了动词，是有效的负面反馈。故选B项。
7．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“This type of feedback can, in turn, inspire them to persevere and ultimately reach their desired destination.(这种类型的反馈反过来又能激励他们坚持下去，最终达到他们想要的目标)”以及划线词后文“them to concentrate on their current position”可知，这种反馈能激励他们坚持下去，推动他们向前，实现最终目标，即反馈可以激励他们专注于目前的职位，故“spur”一词的意思是“刺激”或“激励”，与D项意思相近。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段“Throughout my association with Toastmasters, I have gleaned a multitude of valuable insights, one of the most salient being the pivotal role of effective feedback.(在我与Toastmasters的交往中，我收集了许多有价值的见解，其中最突出的是有效反馈的关键作用)”和倒数第二段“The choice of words, too, is of paramount importance. In a recent article published in The New York Times, Dr. Adam Grant, a distinguished organizational psychologist at the Wharton School, posits that employing nouns rather than verbs to encourage children is “22 to 29 percent more effective.” However, when it comes to providing negative feedback, the use of verbs generally yields more advantageous outcomes.(词汇的选择也是至关重要的。沃顿商学院杰出的组织心理学家亚当·格兰特博士最近在《纽约时报》上发表的一篇文章中指出，用名词而不是动词来鼓励孩子的效果“要高出22%到29%”。然而，当涉及到提供负面反馈时，使用动词通常会产生更有利的结果)”可知，作者通过自己在Toastmasters的经历，讨论了反馈的重要性，特别是对于儿童的成长和教育。文章强调了给予和接受反馈的艺术，以及如何通过有效的反馈帮助孩子成长。故选项C“提供有效反馈的技巧”最能抓住文章的主要思想。故选C。
C&D 3
（24-25高三上·河北沧州·期末）You may have bought a drink recently and noticed something odd: the once removable cap is now tethered (拴住) to the bottle by a small piece of plastic. In July, the EU made a new policy, requiring that all single-use bottles have caps that remain attached. This is one of several policies designed to limit the amount of plastic litter — particularly the caps from single-use plastic bottles which are far more likely to find their way into the environment and bring a big risk to wildlife.
Producers have included the tether on bottles sold across the European market, including in the UK. It is time everyone got on board. In my opinion, this tiny adjustment is the first effective anti-littering policy that contemporary politics has come up with. The design of a product affects how readily it becomes litter, and this is especially true for bottle caps. Tethered caps are not easily removed from plastic bottles — they are difficult to throw away even if someone wants to.
Plastic bottle caps are now among the top ten litter items found in rivers and the ocean. In the UK, 2023 beach surveys listed bottle caps as the third most common type of litter, while on the Dutch North Sea coastline, surveys recorded up to 128 bottle caps for each kilometer of beach in 2016.
It is worth noting that recycling has never been a realistic solution to the overproduction of plastic. Legislation (立法) could solve some of the issues coming from tethered lids (附着瓶盖). The UK aims to establish a national bottle return system, and will need new systems for handling mixed-material recycling anyway (not only bottles and lids, but coffee cups, tetra packs and straws, among other items). Elsewhere, legislation could soon fine producers that fail to address the environmental consequences of the packaging they have made.
Trying to solve littering by asking the public to stop is not working. Tethered bottle caps are a refreshing idea that puts the onus on those pumping out millions of litter-able items in the first place. This means that the duty to reduce litter falls on the companies that produce these items, rather than just on individuals to clean up after them.
9．What is the purpose of the EU policy requiring tethered caps on single-use bottles
A．To reduce plastic litter. B．To increase recycling rates.
C．To standardize bottle design. D．To promote the use of reusable bottles.
10．How does the author develop his argument in paragraph 3
A．By listing figures. B．By making a comparison.
C．By analyzing cause and effect. D．By following the order of time.
11．What does the underlined word “onus” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Stress. B．Responsibility. C．Punishment. D．Initiative.
12．What is the best title for this text
A．The Problem with Plastic Bottle Caps B．The Failure of Public Littering Efforts
C．The EU’s New Bottle Cap Policy D．The Importance of Mixed-Material Recycling
【答案】9．A 10．A 11．B 12．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】环境保护、政治政策、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧盟出台的一项新政策，要求所有一次性使用的塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上，以减少塑料垃圾，特别是瓶盖对野生动物带来的风险，并对此政策进行了评价。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In July, the EU made a new policy, requiring that all single-use bottles have caps that remain attached. This is one of several policies designed to limit the amount of plastic litter — particularly the caps from single-use plastic bottles which are far more likely to find their way into the environment and bring a big risk to wildlife.(7月，欧盟制定了一项新政策，要求所有一次性使用的塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上。这是旨在限制塑料垃圾数量的几项政策之一——特别是来自一次性塑料瓶的瓶盖，它们更有可能进入环境，给野生动物带来巨大风险)”可知，欧盟要求一次性塑料瓶使用固定瓶盖的政策目的是减少塑料垃圾。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段“Plastic bottle caps are now among the top ten litter items found in rivers and the ocean. In the UK, 2023 beach surveys listed bottle caps as the third most common type of litter, while on the Dutch North Sea coastline, surveys recorded up to 128 bottle caps for each kilometer of beach in 2016.(塑料瓶盖如今已成为河流和海洋中发现的十大垃圾之一。在英国，2023年的海滩调查将瓶盖列为第三常见的垃圾类型，而在荷兰北海海岸线，2016年的调查显示，每公里海滩上有多达128个瓶盖)”可知，作者通过列举具体的数字来展开他的论点，即塑料瓶盖垃圾问题的严重性。故选A项。
11．词句猜测题。划线词下文“This means that the duty to reduce litter falls on the companies that produce these items, rather than just on individuals to clean up after them.(这意味着减少垃圾的责任落在生产这些物品的公司身上，而不仅仅是个人负责清理它们)”是对划线词所在句中“puts the onus on those pumping out millions of litter-able items in the first place.(把onus放在那些一开始就制造出数百万可丢弃物品的人身上。)”的解释说明，即固定瓶盖的想法将减少垃圾的责任放在了那些首先生产出可能成为垃圾的物品的公司身上，由此推知划线词onus与下文中duty是近义词，意为“责任”，与Responsibility同义。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“In July, the EU made a new policy, requiring that all single-use bottles have caps that remain attached.(7月，欧盟制定了一项新政策，要求所有一次性使用的塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上)”可知，文章主要介绍了欧盟出台的要求所有一次性使用塑料瓶瓶盖必须固定在瓶身上的新政策，包括其目的、效果以及作者的评价等，故C选项“The EU’s New Bottle Cap Policy(欧盟的新瓶盖政策)”能概括文章主要内容，最适合作文章标题。故选C项。
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·期末）Rammed earth (夯土) parts of the Great Wall have been regarded as a weak point in its structure. But they developed a natural line of defense against the approaching risk of worsening, a new study has found.
The soil surfaces on the Great Wall are covered by a “living skin” of tiny, rootless plants and microorganisms known as biocrusts that are a source of the heritage site’s staying power, according to soil ecologist Matthew Bowker, coauthor of the study published in the journal Science Advances.
Examining samples taken from over 483 kilometers across eight rammed earth sections of the site built between 1368 and 1644, the study authors found that more than two-thirds of the area is covered in biocrusts. And the researchers discovered that samples with biocrusts were three times as strong as those without. The secretions (分泌物) and structural layers of biocrusts form a “sticky network” of soil particles that promote strength and stability against negative forces threatening the Great Wall.
Most of the communities that make up a biocrust start from a single organism that grows and makes the environments it grows within suitable for others. Although they’re still easily affected by climate change, these constantly-evolving organisms are expected to use internal mechanisms to adapt to future extremes, said Emmanuel Salifu, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. “Even if we said warmer temperatures, they’re suited to performing in those conditions,” he said. “We assume they’ll be better able to survive if we engineer their growth at scale.” Salifu sees the new study as evidence of the potential advantages of engineering biocrusts for the conservation of earthen heritage sites.
Beyond its status as a tourist destination, the Great Wall has great cultural significance, which is why the biocrusts preserving it are so important, said study coauthor Bo Xiao, a professor from China Agricultural University.
13．What do the underlined words “a natural line of defense” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The protective role of biocrusts. B．The deep research into biocrusts.
C．The cultural value of the Great Wall. D．The poor protection of the Great Wall.
14．How did the researchers confirm the beneficial effects of biocrusts
A．By referring to previous studies. B．By measuring the scale of biocrusts.
C．By comparing the collected samples. D．By analyzing the secretions of biocrusts.
15．What is implied in Emmanuel Salifu’s words
A．The bright future of plant engineering.
B．International recognition of the current study.
C．The growing seriousness of global climate change.
D．Possibilities for applying biotechnology to biocrusts.
16．What might be the best title for the text
A．A “living skin” is protecting the Great Wall
B．A “living skin” is forming on the Great Wall
C．Biocrusts play a key role in scientific studies
D．Biocrusts show their powerful ability to survive
【答案】13．A 14．C 15．D 16．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科普知识 、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了夯土建造的长城部分一直被认为是结构上的弱点，但最新研究发现它们具有一种天然的防御机制——生物外壳，这种由微小无根植物和微生物组成的“活皮肤”能够增强长城夯土部分的强度和稳定性，对抗威胁长城的负面力量。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“against the approaching risk of worsening (抵御即将到来的恶化风险)”以及第二段“The soil surfaces on the Great Wall are covered by a “living skin” of tiny, rootless plants and microorganisms known as biocrusts that are a source of the heritage site’s staying power, according to soil ecologist Matthew Bowker, coauthor of the study published in the journal Science Advances.(《科学进展》杂志上发表的这项研究的合著者、土壤生态学家Matthew Bowker表示，长城的土壤表面覆盖着一层由微小的、无根的植物和微生物组成的“活皮肤”，这些植物和微生物被称为生物外壳，是长城遗产持久力的来源)”可知，夯土长城形成了一种天然的保护，可以抵御即将到来的恶化风险。故划线的“天然防线”指的是生物外壳的保护作用。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Examining samples taken from over 483 kilometers across eight rammed earth sections of the site built between 1368 and 1644, the study authors found that more than two-thirds of the area is covered in biocrusts. And the researchers discovered that samples with biocrusts were three times as strong as those without.(研究人员检查了从1368年至1644年之间建造的遗址的8个夯土部分的483公里处采集的样本，发现该地区超过三分之二的地区被生物外壳覆盖。研究人员发现，有生物外壳的样品的强度是没有生物外壳的样品的三倍)”可知，研究人员通过比较收集的样本证实生物结壳的有益作用。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段“Although they’re still easily affected by climate change, these constantly-evolving organisms are expected to use internal mechanisms to adapt to future extremes, said Emmanuel Salifu, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. “Even if we said warmer temperatures, they’re suited to performing in those conditions,” he said. “We assume they’ll be better able to survive if we engineer their growth at scale.” Salifu sees the new study as evidence of the potential advantages of engineering biocrusts for the conservation of earthen heritage sites.(亚利桑那州立大学助理教授Emmanuel Salifu说，尽管它们仍然很容易受到气候变化的影响，但这些不断进化的生物有望利用内部机制来适应未来的极端情况。“即使我们说的是更温暖的温度，它们也适合在那种条件下表演，”他说。“我们认为，如果我们设计它们的规模增长，它们就能更好地生存下去。”Salifu认为这项新研究证明了工程生物结壳在保护土质遗产方面的潜在优势)”可知，Emmanuel Salifu的话暗示了将生物技术应用于生物结壳的可能性。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The soil surfaces on the Great Wall are covered by a “living skin” of tiny, rootless plants and microorganisms known as biocrusts that are a source of the heritage site’s staying power, according to soil ecologist Matthew Bowker, coauthor of the study published in the journal Science Advances.(《科学进展》杂志上发表的这项研究的合著者、土壤生态学家Matthew Bowker表示，长城的土壤表面覆盖着一层由微小的、无根的植物和微生物组成的“活皮肤”，这些植物和微生物被称为生物外壳，是长城遗产持久力的来源)”结合这篇文章主要讲述了夯土建造的长城部分一直被认为是结构上的弱点，但最新研究发现它们具有一种天然的防御机制——生物结皮，这种由微小无根植物和微生物组成的“活皮肤”能够增强长城夯土部分的强度和稳定性，对抗威胁长城的负面力量。可知，A选项“‘活皮肤’正在保护长城”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）If you use lots of emoji (表情符号) when messaging your friends, you may be more emotionally intelligent — that is, better able to understand your emotions and those of others. That is the conclusion of a team of U.S. researchers from Indiana University (IU), who also found that reduced emoji use with friends and partners is associated with an avoidant relationship attachment style.
“The way we interact during virtual communications may reveal something more about ourselves,” said paper author and IU psychologist Simon Dubé in a statement. “It is not just a smiley face or heart emoji — it’s a way to convey meaning and communicate more effectively, and how you use it tells us something about you,” he said.
In their study, Dubé and his colleagues interviewed 320 U.S. adults who regularly send and receive text messages. Each subject was surveyed about his or her identity information, typical emoji use, emotional intelligence and so-called attachment styles.
The latter refers to the ways in which we relate to other people when in close relationships and are thought to be influenced by how we interact with parents and other caregivers early in life. Children who feel safe, protected and supported by their caregivers tend to go on to develop a secure attachment style, which is the healthiest type. In contrast, children whose parents are emotionally distant or dismissive tend to develop an avoidant attachment style and struggle to develop close relationships later in life.
Inconsistent caregiving, meanwhile, can lead to anxious attachment, where people long for closeness but meanwhile fear abandonment and rejection.
The researchers found that texters with higher levels of emotional intelligence and secure attachment styles tend to use more emoji when messaging. Overall, women were found to use emoji more with friends and family than their male counterparts do. However, women were found to send and receive emoji less often with friends, dates and romantic partners when they exhibited more avoidant styles of attachment. Men with avoidant attachment, meanwhile, were found to send fewer emoji to partners.
The team admitted that its study was limited. The participants were mainly white, married, educated, English-speaking people and therefore do not fully reflect the population.
17．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Emoji use strengthening family ties. B．Attachment styles affecting emoji use.
C．The development of attachment styles. D．Emoji use and emotional intelligence.
18．What did Simon Dubé mean about Emoji use
A．It shows your skills of interaction. B．It helps keep a close relationship.
C．It reveals your private information. D．It raises communication efficiency.
19．What might result in avoidant attachment
A．Lack of care in childhood. B．Having a secure childhood.
C．Using no emoji when texting. D．The overuse of social media.
20．What might be a cause of the limitation of the study
A．Insufficient amount of data. B．No supporting evidence.
C．Improper way of sampling. D．Mistakes in data analysis.
【答案】17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科普知识 、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现，人们依恋风格的不同会影响表情符号的使用，解释了表情符号的作用以及不同依恋风格是如何形成的。
17．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you use lots of emoji (表情符号) when messaging your friends, you may be more emotionally intelligent — that is, better able to understand your emotions and those of others. That is the conclusion of a team of U.S. researchers from Indiana University (IU), who also found that reduced emoji use with friends and partners is associated with an avoidant relationship attachment style.(如果你在给朋友发信息时使用很多表情符号，你可能情商更高——也就是说，你能更好地理解自己和他人的情绪。这是来自印第安纳大学的一组美国研究人员得出的结论，他们还发现，在朋友和伴侣之间减少表情符号的使用与回避型关系依恋类型有关)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现，人们依恋风格的不同会影响表情符号的使用，解释了表情符号的作用以及不同依恋风格是如何形成的。可知，这篇文章主要讲了依恋风格影响表情符号的使用。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段““It is not just a smiley face or heart emoji — it’s a way to convey meaning and communicate more effectively, and how you use it tells us something about you,” he said.(他说：“这不仅仅是一个笑脸或爱心表情符号——这是一种传达意义和更有效沟通的方式，你如何使用它能告诉我们一些关于你的事情。”)”可知，Simon Dubé认为表情符号的使用提高沟通效率。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据第四段“In contrast, children whose parents are emotionally distant or dismissive tend to develop an avoidant attachment style and struggle to develop close relationships later in life.(相比之下，那些情感上与父母疏远或被冷淡对待的孩子往往会发展出回避型依恋风格，并在以后的生活中很难建立亲密关系)”可知，童年时期缺乏照顾会导致回避型依恋。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The team admitted that its study was limited. The participants were mainly white, married, educated, English-speaking people and therefore do not fully reflect the population.(研究小组承认他们的研究是有限的。参与者主要是白人，已婚，受过教育，会说英语，因此不能完全反映其他人口情况)”可知，取样方式不当导致了研究的局限性。故选C。
