绝密★考试结束前
2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考试
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why will the woman go to the boxing match
A．To watch it live.
B．To see her favorite singer.
C．To get the boxer’s photo.
2．What is Taylor doing now
A．Typing a file.
B．Having a meeting.
C．Filling out a form.
3．What kind of books does Dora like reading
A．English novels.
B．History books.
C．Biographies.
4．Why did Camila go to Mary’s house yesterday
A．To play ball. B．To borrow a book. C．To have strawberries.
5．How about the boy’s English study
A．Much improved. B．As poor as before. C．Poorer than before.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What are the speakers talking about
A．The competition. B．The exam. C．The weekend plan.
7．What will the girl do first
A．Have a meal. B．Call her mother. C．Go to the cinema.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Student and teacher. B．Sister and brother. C．Mother and son.
9．What pet does Cathy have
A．A dog. B．A parrot. C．A cat.
10．Why does the woman refuse to buy rabbits
A．They are hard to attend. B．They smell bad. C．They look ugly.
11．What will the speakers do next
A．Have a talk with Robert.B．Buy a snake as a pet. C．Go to the market.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
12．What do we know about the man
A．He made a mistake. B．He didn't get the discount. C．He stayed five nights at the hotel.
13．How much should the man pay
A．$500. B．$1,500. C．$2,000.
14．How often does the hotel bus leave
A．Every 30 minutes. B．Every 20 minutes. C．Every 10 minutes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15．Why is the woman going to Chicago
A．To take a vacation. B．To visit her relatives. C．To go on a business trip.
16．How long does the train trip take at least
A．Two hours. B．Six hours. C．Sixteen hours.
17．What does the man think of taking the train
A．It is time-wasting. B．It is interesting. C．It is frightening.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
18．What is bothering the woman
A．Her old neighbors. B．The noise. C．The building.
19．Why is the woman hesitant to talk to the neighbors
A．She loves the party. B．She’s written a note. C．She dislikes being rude.
20．What will the speakers do if the note doesn’t work
A．Talk to the manager. B．Move to a peaceful place. C．Stay in their homes.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As Pakistan and China are marking 2023 as a Year of Tourism, Pakistan’s breathtaking natural beauty, diverse cultural heritage and historical landmarks are all set to catch the attention of tourists.
Balochistan: Nature’s Bounty Unveiled
Stretching across vast expanses, Balochistan is Pakistan’s largest province, boasting not only abundant mineral resources but unique natural beauty. Its mountain ranges, mines and extensive coastal belt, which is home to the prosperous Gwadar Port, attract adventurers.
Punjab: A Tapestry of History and Heritage
In the heart of Pakistan lies Punjab province, a land of green agricultural fields, intricate (交错的) river networks, ancient forts and charming Mughal-era gardens. Over two millennia (千年) ago, the Gandhara Buddhist civilization thrived in northern Pakistan, with Taxil a serving as its primary center of learning.
Sindh: A Tapestry of History and Culture
Sindh, in Pakistan’s southern region, weaves together a tale of history and natural beauty. It is home to the ancient city of Mohenjo-Daro, a relic of the Indus Valley Civilization, along with the modern city of Karachi and its picturesque coastline.
Northern Pakistan: Nature’s Masterpiece
Spread over 72,496 square kilometers, Pakistan’s northern regions are a masterpiece of nature. Among towering peaks, including numerous summits over 8,000 meters, peaceful valleys like Gilgit, Hunza and Skardu offer a brief escape.
As Pakistan invites the world to explore its diverse and fascinating landscapes, it also extends a warm invitation to discovery the history, spirituality and natural wonders that define this remarkable nation.
21．As a Buddhist, your favorite destination in Pakistan might be __________.
A．Balochistan B．Punjab C．Sindh D．Gilgit
22．What do the four parts have in common
A．Natural beauty. B．Historical origin.
C．Cultural relics. D．Diverse resources.
23．The passage serves as a(n) __________.
A．guidance B．introduction C．commercial D．notice
B
Born in Sudan in 1990, Hamza Yassin is a wildlife cameraman and TV presenter.
He was eight when they landed in the UK. Besides the changes in climate, he also had to adjust to the change in pets: “Where’s everyone’s pet lions and monkeys It was all cats and dogs. I hadn’t realised what a special upbringing I had had. But it was the UK that cemented my love of wildlife. At first glance, it doesn’t look like there is a lot of wildlife, especially in the winter. But if you peel back the layers, there is so much.”
Though his doctor parents didn’t have time to closely teach him, they did turn on the television; in particular, the Discovery Channel. David Attenborough’s The Life of Birds was an eye-opening experience, and Steve Irwin was a huge inspiration, too. While he thought they had cool jobs, he never thought he could be a presenter. He never saw anyone like him in front of the camera. He was a teenager who wasn’t white.
It was still a long road to establishing his career, though. It was not until after he became an assistant for the incredible wildlife cameraman Jesse Wilkinson that he realized he needed to create his own journey. When he was21, he traveled with friends to the Highlands. Two weeks later, he was back there for good. He told his parents he was living in a beautiful cottage. The truth was that he was living in his car, just trying to make ends meet. He parked at the local ferry terminal but lived there happily for nine months, doing odd jobs — cutting grass, and moving furniture to earn enough money to survive. During that time, he was cutting his teeth as a wildlife cameraman — he was determined that he wouldn’t go back to Northampton with his tail between his legs and say to his parents: “I’ve been defeated.” Luckily, everything paid off. That experience taught him everything he needed to know about the profession.
Eventually, Hamza became a renowned wildlife cameraman, inspiring others to pursue their dreams regardless of their background.
24．What does the underlined word “cemented” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Strengthened. B．Assessed. C．Challenged. D．Reduced.
25．Why didn’t Hamza think he could be a TV presenter at the beginning
A．He took no passion for being a presenter.
B．He feared to stand in front of the camera.
C．He lacked confidence because of his color.
D．He obtained little support from his parents.
26．Why does the author mention Hamza’s trip to the Highlands
A．It led to a life-long friendship.
B．It enriched his life experience.
C．It refined his photography skills.
D．It started his own career journey.
27．What can we learn from Hamza’s experience
A．Great minds think alike. B．Strike while the iron is hot.
C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
C
Everything including 3D printers is bigger in Texas. The Lone Star State will soon be the site of the world’s first 3D-printed hotel, El Cosmico, which has begun construction in the desert north of Marfa. Photos of the site show a large 46.5-foot-wide and 15.5-foot-tall 3D printer laying sand-colored material onto the foundations, creating sand-colored walls. This machine, called the Vulcan, was created by Texas-based 3D printing and robotics company ICON.
The project is a cooperation between Liz Lambert, El Cosmico’s owner, ICON and architects at Bjarke Ingels Group. Lambert wants to expand the existing El Cosmico hotel, adding 43 new units and 18 homes on a new 40-acre land. Model images of the hotel’s inside part show cream walls and rounded wooden surfaces full of colors that reflect the surrounding desert. In addition to the hotel, El Cosmico will include several 3D-printed homes, which are now priced for $2.29 million. It’s reported that the hotel units will cost between $200 and $450 per night.
The structures’ walls are made of a concrete called “lavacrete”, a particular low-carbon material created by ICON, which has a compressive(压力的) strength of 2,000 to 3,500 pounds per square inch.
ICON was founded in 2018, and its technology has since been used to build 3D-printed homes in Texas and Mexico. Besides printing houses and hotels, a few years ago, ICON built Mars Dune Alpha, a 3D-printed environment that copied conditions on the Red Planet’s surface. In 2022, the company got a $57 million contract for their Project Olympus, which is exploring ways to build 3D-printed structures on the moon using locally available materials.
Back on Earth, this 3D-printing technology has the potential to help deal with America’s affordable housing problem. In 2020, ICON constructed several houses for the Community First! Village in Austin, a program for people experiencing homelessness.
In the future, the expansion of El Cosmico may include affordable housing for hotel staff. Lambert said these plans were “in the background” but still moving forward. Construction on the new hotel is scheduled to conclude in 2026.
28．What is a feature of the 3D-printed hotel
A．It is eco-friendly as well as strong. B．It is surrounded by wooden houses.
C．It is out of place from the surroundings. D．It’s the result of a single company’s effort.
29．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Mars Dune Alpha
A．To recommend a high-end printed hotel. B．To urge people to learn 3D-printed structures.
C．To illustrate ICON’s strong technology. D．To push the protection of the environment.
30．What is ICON’s technology intended to do
A．Print food for the homeless. B．Address America’s housing crisis.
C．Create smart robots in space. D．Offer hotel staff chances to travel.
31．What might be the best title for the text
A．Housing Crisis: A Big Issue in America B．ICON’s Lavacrete: Changing Construction
C．ICON: Leading in 3D-Printing Technology D．El Cosmico: A Large Hotel Being 3D-Printed
D
The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain.
Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning.
Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.”
To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings.
Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain.
32．What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1
A．The neurons allow us to learn about the world.
B．The human brain is made up of billions of neurons.
C．The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons.
D．The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape.
33．What can be inferred about learning in AI
A．It is as effective as biological systems.
B．It is more efficient than the human brain.
C．It consumes less energy than the human brain.
D．It performs best with the right amount of variability.
34．Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”
A．To simplify the complicated real-world tasks.
B．To record the networks’ energy consumption.
C．To help the network process slow and fast information.
D．To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks.
35．What will the researchers focus on in the near future
A．The values of AI networks. B．The functions of human brains.
C．The efficiency of AI networks. D．The evolution of human brains.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sports injuries happen when we push our body too hard, and mistakes like running too much or not warming up enough can also cause them. 36
Set realistic goals.
You should definitely set goals and work hard to achieve them. 37 Whether your goal is to swim more laps or run a specific distance, set an obtainable goal and gradually work to improve.
Plan and prepare.
If you plan to begin exercising regularly, you should meet with a health adviser first and discuss your options. 38 Working with a personal trainer is often a safe and enjoyable way to start a new activity.
Warm up and cool down.
It is important to warm up before physical activity because research has shown that a heated muscle is less likely to be strained (扭伤). One way experts recommend is some light walking or jogging before you start your exercise and then again afterward to help your muscles cool down slowly. 39 This can be done by stretching before and after a workout, but it is best to do so once the body is already warm.
Take your time.
Don’t push yourself too hard or too fast. 40 We need to allow for enough time to gradually increase training levels so that our bodies have time to adjust to the stress on our bones, joints and muscles. For instance, when you are running, increase the distance gradually and give yourself plenty of time to recover between workouts.
A．Getting in shape or learning a new sport takes time.
B．However, it’s crucial that your goals are realistic and achievable.
C．Another important way to prevent injury is to increase your flexibility.
D．Adjust your activities if your body is showing signs of too much stress.
E．Also, take your time to learn the best techniques required for your sport.
F．If unsure of how to do an exercise properly, ask a coach or trainer for help.
G．To help keep you from experiencing such injuries, here are some preventive tips.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 41 in China’s space journey.
The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 42 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 43 training.
At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 44 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 45 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 46 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies.
During the mission, the astronauts will have 47 tasks to accomplish. They will 48 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 49 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 50 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts.
Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 51 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 52 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future.
The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 53 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 54 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 55 nation.
41．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform
42．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition
43．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding
44．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting
45．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed
46．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated
47．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky
48．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with
49．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures
50．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete
51．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply
52．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence
53．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor
54．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects
55．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong has taken the gaming world by storm, 56 (sell) more than 10 million copies across all platforms in just three days after its official release on Aug. 20. 57 (adapt) from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, “Black Myth: Wukong”, received critical praise for its high quality, setting a new record for Chinese games 58 major platforms and currently ranking second in the historical peak number of online players for all games on Steam.
As an action role-playing game, players of Black Myth: Wukong assume the role of a “person of destiny”, embarking on a dangerous and wonderful journey 59 (discover) the truth behind ancient legends. Featuring 60 rich and immersive combat system, the game allows players to master various staff 61 (technique) and combine them with a wide series of spells, transformations, talents, and weapons to find a fighting style that 62 (suit) them best.
Although the game’s massive popularity in China can partly be due to national 63 (familiar) with Journey to the West , the fact that it has captivated international audiences, many of 64 lack this cultural background, suggests that Black Myth WuKong is on the right path. Some enthusiasts 65 (collect) over 200 pages of background material in the past few days to help international players understand the story's deep cultural roots.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Beth最近来到中国留学，她想学习中国书法，发邮件向你求教。请给她回封邮件，内容包括：
(1)表示支持；
(2)推荐老师。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Beth,
Glad to know that you want to learn Chinese Calligraphy.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dark rain clouds were gathering in the sky. I was cycling as fast as I could to get home before the downpour. When I felt a few big drops on my head, I decided to dash for a bus stop, about a hundred meters away. As I was nearing the bus stop, I saw a lady rushing towards it from the opposite direction, a little boy following her. The little boy was finding it hard to keep up with her, so, finally, she just picked him up and carried him.
Suddenly, a motorcycle roared past me, almost knocking me down. He turned to look at me, and for a split second, I saw his face - cruel, glaring eyes. A flood of fear crept over me. However, courage from nowhere got me to shout “Hey! Are you mad!” My voice trembled a bit. He just sped on. Then, I realized that he was rushing right toward the woman and the little boy!
“Watch out! Watch out!” I shouted. I saw the lady turn to look at the motorcyclist, with worry on her face. In an instant, the motorcyclist reached the lady. He stretched out an arm and grabbed hold of her handbag, hitting her on the back at the same time. The impact sent the lady hurtling (猛冲) forward. The mother and child fell on the road, landing right in the path of a van.
“Stop! Stop!” I screamed at the van driver, waving my arms wildly in the air. Thankfully, the van stopped a few meters from the spot where the mother and child lay. I saw the lady crawling on the road towards the crying child. Throwing my bicycle to the side of the road, I ran to help them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
By the time I got there, the van driver had reached them.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I realized that, by this time, the motorcyclist must have gone far from that spot, with the lady’s handbag.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《高三新高考八省开学考试》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A A B B A B B C B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A B B A B C A B C A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A B A C D D A C B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D A D D C G B F C A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B A D C A D A B C D
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B D A C B
1．B
【原文】W: I can’t wait to go to the boxing match. I’ve been looking forward to this evening all week.
M: I thought you hated boxing.
W: Well, I do. But my favorite singer is going to be there. I’d like to ask for an autograph from him.
2．A
【原文】W: Hi, Taylor. We will have a meeting at 9:00 am. You have to complete this form first.
M: OK. I will do it at once after I finish typing this file.
3．A
【原文】M: Hey, Dora! What kind of book do you like I’m fond of history books and biographies of scientists.
W: They are not my cup of tea. I prefer English novels.
4．B
【原文】M: Hi, Mary. Who was the girl playing ball with you near your house yesterday afternoon She was just as sweet as a strawberry.
W: Oh, she was my sister’s friend Camila. She came over to ask for a comic book.
5．B
【原文】W: How are your English lessons coming along
M: Nothing has changed much. I used to be one who couldn’t understand the Englishman and now it’s the Englishman who can’t understand me.
6．A 7．B
【原文】M: Mary! Good news for you! You won the first prize in the writing competition.
W: Really I’m happy to hear that. And what about you
M: I got second.
W: Great! It’s a lucky day for us. Let’s go out and relax ourselves.
M: Good idea! Shall we have a big meal and then go to the cinema
W: OK. I have to call my mother before going out.
8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A
【原文】W: Max, I want to buy Robert a pet for his birthday. But you know, our brother likes neither cats nor dogs. What do you think I should do
M: His favorite is birds. How about buying a parrot for him
W: I’m afraid it’s not good. Mom hates keeping birds because they make a lot of noise.
M: Robert is also interested in little mice. What about buying him a mouse
W: No, it’s impossible. Don’t you know that our sister Cathy has just got a pet cat
M: Then why don’t you buy him a rabbit
W: But I think rabbits are smelly. What about a goldfish They’re very beautiful and easy to look after.
M: No, boys don’t usually love goldfish. I suggest you buy him a snake. It’s very unusual. I’m fond of that.
W: I’ve got a good idea. Let’s ask him and find out what he really likes and then we can go to the market to get one for him.
M: That sounds OK.
12．B 13．B 14．A
【原文】W: Thank you for staying at the Rattleton Suites Hotel. Here’ s a copy of your bill.
M: Thank you ... Oh, I believe you’ve made a mistake. I don’t think the discount was applied to my bill. When I booked, it said that if you attend the Education Expo and stay four nights, one night is free. Everything else looks correct.
W: Oh, let me check. You checked in on March 3rd and today is the 7th. You’re right. I’m sorry about that. I’ll process that right away. There has been something wrong with our system recently, so it didn’t apply some discounts. I’ll return $500 to you.
M: That’ OK. Also, could you tell me where I can catch the hotel bus to the airport
W: It’s just outside the main doors here. A bus leaves every half hour. You can catch one in about ten minutes.
M: Thanks very much.
15．B 16．C 17．A
【原文】W: How long do you think it would take me to get to Chicago by train I’m visiting relatives there next week.
M: Oh, it’s a long trip. Sixteen hours at least. Why don’t you take the plane It would get you there in two hours.
W: I’ve done that too many times before I’m afraid. I thought it would be more interesting to try the train this time.
M: I think it sounds like a waste of time. I always fly myself. If I am going on a business trip or on vacation, I always take a plane, even if it is expensive.
18．B 19．C 20．A
【原文】W: Hi, I don’t know if you’ve noticed our new neighbors seem to have a party almost every day. The noise is really bothering me.
M: Oh, I’ve heard it too. It’s been quite a disturbance. Have you tried talking to them about it
W: I’m a bit hesitant. I don’t want to seem rude. But it’s been going on for weeks now.
M: Maybe we could write them a polite note. Just explain the situation and ask if they could keep it down a bit.
W: That’s a good idea. But what if they don’t take it well
M: Well, if that happens, we might have to talk to the building manager. We deserve some peace and quiet in our own homes.
W: You’re right. Let’s try the note first and see how it goes.
M: Okay. I’ll help you write it.
21．B 22．A 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。短文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的四个地区：俾路支斯坦、旁遮普、信德和北部地区，以及这些地区的自然美景、历史遗迹和文化遗产。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Over two millennia (千年) ago, the Gandhara Buddhist civilization thrived in northern Pakistan, with Taxil a serving as its primary center of learning.”（两千年前，旁遮普的甘达拉佛教文明在巴基斯坦北部繁荣，塔希拉是其主要的学习中心。）可知，如果你是一个佛教徒，你可能最喜欢的目的地是旁遮普。故选B。
22．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Balochistan is Pakistan’s largest province, boasting not only abundant mineral resources but unique natural beauty”（俾路支省是巴基斯坦最大的省份，不仅拥有丰富的矿产资源，而且拥有独特的自然风光。）第三段中的“a land of green agricultural fields, intricate (交错的) river networks, ancient forts and charming Mughal-era gardens”（这里有绿色的农田、错综复杂的河流网络、古老的堡垒和迷人的莫卧儿时代的花园。），第四段中的“Sindh, in Pakistan’s southern region, weaves together a tale of history and natural beauty.”（信德省位于巴基斯坦南部地区，历史和自然美景交织在一起。）以及第五段中的“Pakistan’s northern regions are a masterpiece of nature”（巴基斯坦北部地区是大自然的杰作。）可知，四个地方都有自然美景。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第一段“As Pakistan and China are marking 2023 as a Year of Tourism, Pakistan’s breathtaking natural beauty, diverse cultural heritage and historical landmarks are all set to catch the attention of tourists.”（2023年是中巴旅游年，巴基斯坦令人惊叹的自然美景、多样的文化遗产和历史地标都将吸引游客的目光。）可知，文章主要介绍了巴基斯坦的四个地区，以及这些地区的自然美景、历史遗迹和文化遗产，因此，这篇文章可以看作是对巴基斯坦的一个介绍。故选B。
24．A 25．C 26．D 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了野生动物摄影师Hamza Yassin的成长故事。
24．词句猜测题。根据划线词句后文“But it was the UK that cemented my love of wildlife. At first glance, it doesn’t look like there is a lot of wildlife, especially in the winter. But if you peel back the layers, there is so much.(但真正让我对野生动物cemented热爱的是英国。乍一看，这里似乎没有很多野生动物，尤其是在冬天。但如果你剥开表层，就会发现有很多。)”可知，正是在英国，作者对野生动物增强了热爱，培养了这一兴趣。从而推知划线部分意思是“加强”。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He never saw anyone like him in front of the camera. He was a teenager who wasn’t white.(他从未在镜头前见过像他这样的人。他不是一个白人青少年。)”可知，Hamza一开始不认为自己可以成为一名电视节目主持人是因为他因为肤色而缺乏自信。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“ It was not until after he became an assistant for the incredible wildlife cameraman Jesse Wilkinson that he realized he needed to create his own journey. When he was21, he traveled with friends to the Highlands. (直到他成为不可思议的野生动物摄影师Jesse Wilkinson的助手后，他才意识到他需要创造自己的旅程。21岁时，他和朋友去苏格兰高地旅行。)”以及文中描述他的高地经历可以推知，作者提到高地之旅是为了说明他是从这次旅行开始自己的职业旅程的。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据第四段中“During that time, he was cutting his teeth as a wildlife cameraman — he was determined that he wouldn’t go back to Northampton with his tail between his legs and say to his parents: “I’ve been defeated.” (在那段时间里，他作为一名野生动物摄影师初试身手——他下定决心，他不会夹着尾巴回到Northampton，对他的父母说：“我被打败了。”)”和最后一段“Eventually, Hamza became a renowned wildlife cameraman, inspiring others to pursue their dreams regardless of their background.(最终，Hamza成为了一名著名的野生动物摄影师，激励着其他人去追求自己的梦想，而不管他们的背景如何。)”可知，我们能从Hamza的经历中明白：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
28．A 29．C 30．B 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一家3D打印酒店 El Cosmico将在德克萨斯州的孤星之州建成，该酒店由El Cosmico的所有者Liz Lambert、ICON和Bjarke Ingels Group的建筑师合作完成，且使用特殊的低碳建筑材料，抗压性强。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The structures’walls are made of a concrete called ‘lavacrete’, a particular low-carbon material created by ICON, which has a compressive strength of 2,000 to 3,500 pounds per square inch.(这些建筑的墙壁由一种名为“熔岩混凝土”的混凝土制成，这是ICON公司生产的一种特殊的低碳材料，其抗压强度为每平方英寸2000至3500磅。)”可知，该3D打印酒店的建筑墙壁是一种低碳材料制成，且具有抗压性强的特点，即，3D打印酒店不仅环保而且抗压强。故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段内容“Besides printing houses and hotels, a few years ago, ICON built Mars Dune Alpha, a 3D-printed environment that copied conditions on the Red Planet’s surface.(除了打印房屋和酒店，几年前，ICON还建造了火星沙丘阿尔法，这是一个复制红色星球表面条件的3D打印环境。)”可知，除了打印住房和酒店，ICON还将技术应用到了航空领域，这说明其技术很强大。由此推知，作者提到 Mars Dune Alpha是为了表明 ICON 的3D打印技术很厉害。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“Back on Earth, this 3D-printing technology has the potential to help deal with America’s affordable housing problem.(回到地球上，这种3D打印技术有可能帮助解决美国的经济适用房问题。)”可知，ICON公司的科技有望来解决美国住房问题。故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。通读文章可知，第一段内容“The Lone Star State will soon be the site of the world’s first 3D-printed hotel, El Cosmico, which has begun construction in the desert north of Marfa.(孤星之州很快将成为世界上第一家3D打印酒店El Cosmico的所在地，该酒店已开始在马尔法以北的沙漠中建设。)”揭示了文章的核心话题，即，本文是围绕ICON公司建3D 打印酒店 El Cosmico这一话题展开的，并在后文中阐述了其技术应用和展望。选项D“El Cosmico: A Large Hotel Being 3D-Printed(El Cosmico：一家大型酒店正在进行3D打印)”贴合文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选D项。
32．A 33．D 34．D 35．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员开始研究通过改变神经网络细胞特性来模拟大脑是否可以提高人工智能的学习能力。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world.(人类的大脑由数十亿个被称为神经元的细胞组成，这些细胞通过庞大的“神经网络”连接起来，使我们能够了解世界)”可知，神经元让我们了解世界。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning.(当他们改变模拟网络中可变性的数量时，他们发现表现最好的网络与大脑中看到的可变性数量相匹配，这表明大脑可能已经进化到具有最佳学习能力的适当数量的可变性)”可知，在适当的可变性下，人工智能的学习表现得最好。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings.(在改变细胞的时间常数后，他们给网络分配了一些任务：对衣服和手写数字的图像进行分类，识别人类的手势，识别语音数字和命令。结果表明，通过允许网络结合慢速和快速信息，它能够更好地解决更复杂的现实环境中的任务)”可知，研究人员要调整“时间常数”是为了提高神经网络在复杂任务中的表现。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain.(接下来，他们将有兴趣研究如何减少这些网络的能量消耗，使人工智能网络更接近于像大脑一样高效地运行)”可知，研究人员接下来将关注如何降低这些网络的能量消耗，使 AI 网络更接近大脑的高效运行，即关注 AI 网络的效率，故选C。
36．G 37．B 38．F 39．C 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就避免运动受伤提出了一些建议。
36．根据上文“Sports injuries happen when we push our body too hard, and mistakes like running too much or not warming up enough can also cause them.(运动损伤发生在我们用力过猛的时候，像跑得太多或热身不够这样的错误也会导致运动损伤)”可知，上文提到了造成运动损伤，后文给出了避免受伤的建议，故G选项“为了帮助你避免遭受这样的伤害，这里有一些预防建议”符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文“You should definitely set goals and work hard to achieve them.(你一定要设定目标，并努力实现它们)”以及后文“Whether your goal is to swim more laps or run a specific distance, set an obtainable goal and gradually work to improve.(无论你的目标是多游几圈还是跑一段特定的距离，都要设定一个可实现的目标，并逐步努力提高)”可知，本句主要建议设定的目标需要切实可行，B选项achievable对应后文obtainable。故B选项“然而，重要的是你的目标要现实可行”符合语境，故选B。
38．根据上文“If you plan to begin exercising regularly, you should meet with a health adviser first and discuss your options.(如果你计划开始定期锻炼，你应该先与健康顾问会面，讨论你的选择)”以及后文“Working with a personal trainer is often a safe and enjoyable way to start a new activity.(与私人教练一起锻炼通常是开始一项新活动的一种安全而愉快的方式)”可知，本句主要说明锻炼需要按照教练的指导，才不会受伤，故F选项“如果不确定如何正确地做运动，请向教练或教员寻求帮助”符合语境，故选F。
39．根据上文“It is important to warm up before physical activity because research has shown that a heated muscle is less likely to be strained (扭伤). One way experts recommend is some light walking or jogging before you start your exercise and then again afterward to help your muscles cool down slowly.(运动前热身是很重要的，因为研究表明，肌肉加热后不太可能拉伤。专家建议的一种方法是在开始锻炼之前进行一些轻微的散步或慢跑，然后再进行一次，以帮助你的肌肉慢慢冷却下来)”以及后文“This can be done by stretching before and after a workout, but it is best to do so once the body is already warm.(这可以通过在锻炼前后伸展来完成，但最好是在身体已经暖和的时候进行)”可知，后文提到锻炼前后要伸展，推测本句主要说明伸展的作用，故C选项“另一个防止受伤的重要方法是增加你的柔韧性”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据上文“Don’t push yourself too hard or too fast.(不要把自己逼得太紧或太快)”以及后文“We need to allow for enough time to gradually increase training levels so that our bodies have time to adjust to the stress on our bones, joints and muscles.(我们需要留出足够的时间来逐渐提高训练水平，这样我们的身体就有时间来适应骨骼、关节和肌肉所承受的压力)”可知，本段的主旨是运动不能心急，需要循序渐进，故A选项“保持身材或学习一项新运动需要时间”符合语境，故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国神舟19号飞船成功发射及其影响，这标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船的发射对所有中国人来说都是一个难忘的时刻，标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。A. framework框架；B. chapter篇章；C. mode模式；D. platform平台。结合语境以及最后一段中“It marks a new era in China’s space exploration(这标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代)”可知，神舟19号飞船的发射标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始，故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长征二号F火箭以其令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术成为这项重要任务的完美选择，宇航员们接受了严格的训练。A. option选择；B. combination结合；C. location位置；D. definition定义。结合“with its impressive appearance and stable technology”可知，长征二号F火箭拥有令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术，故被这次任务选中作为运载火箭，故选A。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. flexible灵活的；D. demanding要求极严的。空处修饰名词“training”，宇航员们应是接受严格的训练，故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零秒的时候，随着每个人的心跳加速，火箭飞向天空，留下了一条火和烟的痕迹。A. beating打败；B. sinking沉没；C. racing加速；D. melting融化。根据“the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke”可知，火箭发射时刻，大家应是因紧张、激动等心跳加速，故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到地球后，人们在电视上观看发射，并通过直播跟踪航天员的进展。A. followed跟随，关注，密切注视；B. documented记录；C. monitored监视；D. noticed注意到。根据“the astronauts’ progress”可知，此处指火箭发射后通过跟踪了解航天员们的进展，故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：航天器的成功发射和运行证明了中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力。A. facilitated促进；B. identified识别，确认；C. clarified澄清；D. demonstrated证明。结合主语“The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft”和宾语“China’s ability”可知，这次成功证明了中国的能力，故选D。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在执行任务期间，宇航员将有多项任务要完成。A. multiple多种多样的；B. urgent紧急的；C. physical身体的，物质的；D. risky有风险的。根据“They will ___8___ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions.”可知，宇航员将有多项任务要完成，故选A。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们将进行科学实验，为未来的任务做准备。A. draw on利用，凭借；B. carry out履行，实施；C. bring up养育；D. deal with处理。根据空后“scientific experiments”可知，此处指做实验，carry out experiments“做实验”，故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还将花时间从太空欣赏地球的美景。A. images图片；B. fields领域；C. sights风景；D. figures数字，人物。结合“enjoy”以及“of Earth from space”可知，此处指从太空欣赏地球的风景，故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船预计将在太空中飞行6个月后完成任务。A. summarize总结；B. occupy占据；C. interrupt打断；D. complete完成。根据“after six months in space”可知，此处指6个月后完成任务，故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2003年以来，通过每一次新的任务，中国都展示了其创新能力和推动人类知识边界的能力。A. wonder想知道；B. innovate创新，改革；C. sustain维持；D. apply申请，运用。根据“push the boundaries of human knowledge”可知，此处指创新能力，故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借强大的科技实力，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就。A. expansion扩大；B. background背景；C. introduction介绍；D. competence能力。根据“China is sure to make greater achievements in the future”可知，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就，推知中国应是具备强大的科技实力，故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号任务不断提醒人们中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力。A. reminder提醒；B. warning警告；C. operation操作，手术；D. factor因素。根据“of China’s growing influence in space exploration”可知，神舟19号任务不断提醒人们，中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力，故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代，吸引了世界对中国发展的关注。A. refer提到，查阅；B. limits限制；C. absorbs吸引；D. connects连接。结合“the world’s attention to the country’s development”可知，此处指中国的发展吸引了世界的关注，故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着中国的不断进步，我们可以想象这个强大国家的未来。A. humble谦逊的；B. powerful强大的；C. reliable可靠的；D. generous慷慨的。结合上文“ The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. ”且文章多次提到中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力和中国的科技实力等可知，此处指这个强大的国家，故选B。
56．selling 57．Adapted 58．on 59．to discover 60．a 61．techniques 62．suits 63．familiarity 64．whom 65．have collected
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国热门游戏《黑神话：悟空》的火爆销售及其在国际上受到的欢迎。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：国产热门游戏《黑神话：悟空》在正式发布后的三天内，在8月20日销售超过了一千万份，震惊了整个游戏界。空处需要非谓语动词作状语，该动词和其逻辑主语Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填selling。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：改编自中国经典小说《西游记》的《黑色神话：悟空》，这款备受期待的游戏，因其高质量而受到好评，在各大平台上创下了中国游戏的新纪录，目前排名第二，在Steam 上的玩家达到历史高峰。空处需要非谓语动词作状语，动词adapt与其逻辑主语this long anticipated game之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Adapted。
58．考查介词。句意：改编自中国经典小说《西游记》的《黑色神话：悟空》，这款备受期待的游戏，因其高质量而受到好评，在各大平台上创下了中国游戏的新纪录，目前排名第二，在Steam 上的玩家达到历史高峰。 on major platform“在主要的平台上”。故填on。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一款动作角色扮演游戏，《黑色神话：悟空》的玩家扮演了一个“命运之人”的角色，踏上了一段危险而奇妙的旅程去揭示古代传说背后真相。空处需要非谓语动词作目的状语，所以用动词不定式，表示“为了揭示古代传说背后的真相”。故填to discover。
60．考查冠词。句意：游戏拥有丰富而身临其境的战斗系统，允许玩家掌握各种参谋技术，并将其与一系列法术、变换、天赋和武器相结合，以找到最适合他们的战斗风格。 system为可数名词“系统”，此处泛指“一个身临其境的战斗系统”，且rich为辅音音素开头的单词，所以用定冠词a。故填a。
61．考查名词的复数。句意：游戏拥有丰富而身临其境的战斗系统，允许玩家掌握各种参谋技术，并将其与一系列法术、变换、天赋和武器相结合，以找到最适合他们的战斗风格。 technique表示可数名词，意为“技能”。根据空前的various可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式。故填techniques。
62．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：游戏拥有丰富而身临其境的战斗系统，允许玩家掌握各种参谋技术，并将其与一系列法术、变换、天赋和武器相结合，以找到最适合他们的战斗风格。that引导定语从句，先行词为style，在定语从句中做主语。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填suits。
63． 考查词性转换。句意：尽管《西游记》在中国广受欢迎，部分原因是中国人对它的熟悉，但它吸引了国际观众，其中许多人缺乏这种文化背景，这表明《黑神话悟空》走在了正确的道路上。设空出位于形容词national后应用名词形式，familiar的名词形式为familiarity“熟悉”。故填familiarity。
64．考查定语从句。句意：尽管《西游记》在中国广受欢迎，部分原因是中国人对它的熟悉，但它吸引了国际观众，其中许多人缺乏这种文化背景，这表明《黑神话悟空》走在了正确的道路上。设空处引导非限定定语从句，先行词为audiences。先行词指人，且关系词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
65．考查谓语动词。句意：一些爱好者在最近几天里里收集了超过200页的背景材料，以帮助国际玩家理解故事深厚的文化根源。设空处是句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语in the past few days可知，句子为现在完成时态，主语为复数形式。故填have collected。
66．Dear Beth,
Glad to know that you want to learn Chinese Calligraphy. It’s a wonderful choice to immerse yourself in this traditional art form. I fully support your decision and believe it will enrich your cultural experience in China.
For a reputable teacher, I highly recommend Mr. Zhang at the City Art Center. He’s an expert in various styles of Chinese Calligraphy and is known for his patient and engaging teaching style. I’m sure you’ll benefit greatly from his guidance.
Looking forward to seeing your calligraphy works soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Beth回封邮件，对她想学习中国书法一事表示支持，并推荐老师。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：choice→option
各种各样：various→a variety of
完全：fully→entirely
指导：guidance→instruction
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：He’s an expert in various styles of Chinese Calligraphy and is known for his patient and engaging teaching style.
拓展句：Not only is he an expert in various styles of Chinese Calligraphy, but also he is known for his patient and engaging teaching style.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I fully support your decision and believe it will enrich your cultural experience in China. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It’s a wonderful choice to immerse yourself in this traditional art form. (运用了不定式作定语)
67．By the time I got there, the van driver had reached them. He was gently holding the child and examining his limbs. Fortunately, the little boy was all right. “Don’t panic. You’ll be all right. We’ll rush you to a hospital,” I said to the woman, trying to relieve her anxiety. The lady could not walk, so the man carried her and settled her in his van. I carried the whimpering child to the van and landed him beside his mother. The man asked me to go along with them so that I could help make the police report.
I realized that, by this time, the motorcyclist must have gone far from that spot, with the lady’s handbag. A few days later, I received a phone call from the woman. I was informed that she had suffered only minor injuries from the incident and already been discharged from the hospital. “What’s more, the snatch thief was finally arrested and put into jail, thanks to your detailed description of his facial features.” she added. “I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your timely help.” Finishing the telephone call, I felt overwhelmed with delight from the bottom of my heart. The warm sunshine shone in. What a beautiful day!
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了天快下雨了，作者决定坐汽车回家，在路上一辆摩托车呼啸而过，几乎把作者撞倒，作者冲着那个人大喊。他转过身来看着作者，那时，作者看清楚了他的脸。刹那间，骑摩托车的人抢走了一位女士的包，女士和孩子摔倒在地。此时，一辆货车路过，作者叫住货车，和货车司机一起将女士和孩子送到医院。作者向警察局做了记录，向警察描述了骑摩托车人的长相。几天后，女士和孩子出院，女士向作者打电话，感谢作者，并告诉作者那个抢包的人已经被抓到，作者感到很高兴。
【详解】①由第一段首句内容“我到的时候，货车司机已经到了他们身边。”可知，第一段可描写作者和货车司机一起帮忙，把这位女士和孩子一起送到医院。
②由第二段首句内容“这时，我意识到骑摩托车的人一定已经带着那位女士的手提包离开了那个地方。”可知，第二段可描写作者接到女士的电话，女士感谢作者帮助了她和孩子，同时告诉作者抢她包的人已经被逮住。
2.续写线索：送到医院——做笔录——接到电话——感谢作者——感到很开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①急忙送某人去某地：rush sb. to sp. /send sb. to sp. in a hurry
②检查：examine /check
③出院：discharge from the hospital /leave hospital
情绪类
①感谢：express one’s gratitude/ show one’s appreciation/be grateful
②高兴：with delight /delightedly
【点睛】[高分句型1] The man asked me to go along with them so that I could help make the police report.（运用了so that引导的结果状语从句）
[高分句型2] Finishing the telephone call, I felt overwhelmed with delight from the bottom of my heart.（运用了非谓语动词作状语）2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考试
英语·答题卡
