Unit 1Past and Present练习（含答案） 牛津译林版八年级下册

Unit 1 练习
一、 单项选择。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
1 . — Excuse me , Helen . Would you mind me using your English textbook I_____ mine behind.
— Of course not. Here you are.
A. leave B. have left C. will leave D. was leaving
2 . — Have you ever heard of _____ one-eyed old man in our neighbourhood
— Yes. He is good at playing _______ chess.
A. a; / B. an; / C. the; / D. the; the
3. — The car accident was so terrible!
— ________, the passengers are safe now, and that’s what I care about most.
A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Anyway
4. — Does Catherine know her husband well
— Er, she ______ for 15 years. Yet she still doesn’t know what kind of man she ________ .
A. has been married; has married with
B. has got married; married to
C. has been married; married
D. has married; has married to
5. — She has never been late for school, _______ she
— _______ , she always arrives at school on time.
A. is; Yes B. has; No C. has; Yes D. hasn’t; No
6. Jack ________ drive to work, but now he __________ there to lose weight.
A. used to; is used to walk
B. was used to; is used to walking
C. was used to; is used to walk
D. used to; is used to walking
7. Boys and girls, read the new words again _________ you forget.
A. till B. before C. since D. after
8 . — Dad, I want to buy a new computer, but I don’t have enough money. Do you have any good ideas
— Don’t waste money. I have a used laptop in perfect ________ .
A. situation B. information C. introduction D. condition
9. — When did your father come back from England
A. Until two weeks ago. B. Since two weeks ago.
C. For two weeks. D. Not until last Sunday.
10. — A person’s nose and ears never stop growing!
— __________ That’s so amazing.
A. Oh, really B. Me too.
C. That’s all right. D. Sounds good!
二、 完形填空。(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan, a 1 rock that is about 3,000 feet straight up. I touched that rock and knew 2 I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion(钟爱) ever since climbing the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my 3 .
About 15 years ago, I started seeing a lot of 4 , like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area . It was beyond me why visitors started respecting the place 5 and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried picking up rubbish myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so 6 it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew nothing about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 7 . On that day, more than 300 people 8 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of rubbish. It was amazing how much we were able to achieve . I couldn’t believe the 9 we made—the park looked clean.
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere . In 2007, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of rubbish and covered 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people 10 about their surroundings(环境). If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining. We need to teach by example . You can’t blame(责备) others unless you start with yourself.
1. A. distant B. huge C. same D. narrow
2. A. immediately B. finally C. probably D. recently
3. A. garden B. home C. lab D. palace
4. A. material B. waste C. goods D. resources
5. A. more B. most C. less D. least
6. A. tired of B. satisfied with C. interested in D. used to
7. A. part B. picnic C. concert D. cleanup
8. A. dropped out B. took part C. looked around D. called back
9. A. plan B. visit C. contact D. difference
10. A. talk B. complain C. care D. worry
三、 阅读理解。(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
A
At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents ’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits.
Money doesn’t grow on trees. As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from . We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make.
We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to have a budget(预算). In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices.
We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we ’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goal will greatly satiate us.
We can talk with our parents about how money is used and where money goes. Do you know what a bank account(账户) is If not, communicate with our parents. We can also go to the supermarket with our parents to experience how money is spent in the real world.
Without doubt, we should treat money in a right way. Actually, learning about money isn ’t a hard job. From these lessons, we can get a sense of money management and right money values step by step!
1. Where does money come from according to the text
A. Parents ’ hard work. B. Kids ’ life lessons.
C. Good spending habits. D. The bank account.
2 . What does the writer want kids to do by giving the example of buying a bicycle
A. Buy a wonderful notebook. B. Make a free spending choice.
C. Set a goal of saving money. D. Have an experience of shopping.
3. What does the underlined word “satiate” mean in Paragraph 4
A. Relax. B. Interest. C. Surprise. D. Satisfy.
4. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with
A. Adults can make money grow more.
B. Kids should have a money spending plan.
C. Parents may give kids lots of pocket money.
D. Supermarkets will be places to change money.
5. What is the best title for the text
A. Causes of spending money B. Ways of managing money
C. Purposes of treating money D. Conditions of saving money
B
Improvements in technology often happen overnight. Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced(代替) by newer things like smartphones. They can do hundreds of things. Here are some old gadgets that people used to use.
① ___________
Do you have a landline at home Landlines are phones that people plug into their living room walls. Mobile phones didn’t use to be so common at that time, so most families had a landline. But landlines only worked at home.
What did people do when they were outside and needed to call someone They looked for a payphone! Now, most people have their own mobile phones and many homes no longer have landlines.
② ____________
People today store plenty of information online or on SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks. The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful—each disk could store just about 180 KB of information! Later, floppy disks got smaller and better. But even the best ones could only hold 1.44 MB. You would need three or four disks just for one song, and more than 22,000 disks to match the storage(储存空间) available on a 32 GB phone!
③ ___________
It’s easy to take photos today. People often have thousands of photos just on their phones! But photos used to be expensive, and people took fewer of them. To take a photo, you had to buy a roll of film. This allowed you to take about 30 photos . After finishing the roll, you left it at a shop. The shop developed the photos to make them be seen, which you could collect after a few days.
Technology changes all the time, and the gadgets we use today will one day be old. What do you think will be the next to disappear
6. What does the underlined word “gadgets” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Toys. B. Tools. C. Games. D. Phones.
7. Match the title with each paragraph.
a. Goodbye disks b. Music to my ears c. Picture this
d. Call me e. Film development
A. ①-d;②-b;③-e B. ①-d;②-a;③-c
C. ①-c;②-a;③-b D. ①-c;②-b;③-e
8. What were the first floppy disks like
A. They could store much information.
B. They were very useful.
C. They cost a lot of money.
D. They were easy to carry.
9. What can we know from the passage
A. It was convenient to take photos with film.
B. People outside used landlines to call someone.
C. Improvements in technology change people’s life.
D. For a time, many people had payphones at home.
10. What would be the best title for the passage
A. The changing phones
B. The products of tomorrow
C. Old things we use today
D. The things we used to use
四、 词汇。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
A. 根据中文或首字母提示用合适的单词补全句子。
1. He hasn’t __________ (意识到) the importance of this problem yet.
2. She had walked four _______ (街区) before she found her pet dog.
3. Because of the past economic_________(形势), it was difficult for people to find well-paid jobs.
4.__________ (最近), citizens have got the chance to experience a self-service store.
5. — I’m planning to travel a________ . Could you give me some advice
— I think Russia is a good choice.
B. 选用方框中所给的单词或短语,并用其适当形式填空,有一个单词或短 语是多余的。
be used to possible wife turn into communicate write
6. So far, the couple _________ a busy life since they had a second child.
7. Some husbands care little about their ______ feelings and seldom help with housework.
8. A miracle is something that seems _______ but happens anyway.
9. _________ will become easier and faster as the 5G era arrives.
10. Young people aren’t used to _______ letters to their friends.
五、 根据首字母提示补全短文。(共10空;每空1分,满分10分)
Michael went back to Fullerton, his hometown. His visit to Fullerton was very special to him. He was 1.______ there, and he grew up there. But he hadn’t been back there 2. s______ he finished high school.
He went to places where he went many years 3. a______ . He walked through the park and remembered the days when he 4 . u_______ to walk through that same park with his friends. He 5. p ______ by the field where he and his friends used to play baseball every day after school. And he stood in front of the theatre and 6. t________ about all the Saturday afternoons he used to spend there.
He did things he hadn’t done for a long time. He rode on the merry-go- round in the park, and he went fishing at the lake . For a little while , he 7. f ______ like a kid again.
He saw people he hadn’t 8. s _______ for many years. He said hello to the owner of the candy store near his house . And he also went to see Mrs Riley, his tenth-grade Science teacher.
Michael’s trip 9. b_______ to Fullerton was a very nostalgic(引起怀旧 的) experience for him . Going back to Fullerton brought back many 10. m_________ of days gone by.
六、 任务型阅读。(共10空;每空1分,满分10分)
Hi! My name is Mark. I live in a town in the west of Shanghai. Over the past twenty years, great changes have taken place here.
In the past, my hometown was only a small village. There were no tall buildings . But now more and more tall buildings appear and the roads get broader. My father used to work in a small post office . We contacted each other mainly by sending letters. Now we can get in touch by using telephones, mobile phones , the Internet and so on . The world becomes smaller and smaller.
We can find our life more comfortable . We live in a big flat. We can enjoy milk, vegetables, fruit and meat. We can also enjoy wonderful films and listen to music with mobile phones. In the past, we couldn’t enjoy life like this.
On the other hand, pollution has become a serious problem in our daily life. In the past, there were not many factories. So the water was clean and the air was fresh. However, the water and the air aren’t clean any more, because too many factories have polluted them. The government has taken action to reduce the pollution. Now things have been better. I am sure my hometown will be more and more beautiful.
Welcome to my hometown!
根据短文内容,完成表格。
1 in Mark’s hometown
Mark lives in a town in the 2 part of Shanghai.
In the past The town was a small 3 twenty years ago. There were no tall 4 then . People mainly 5 letters to contact each other. The water and the air were much cleaner because of fewer 6 .
At 7 Life is more 8 now. People can enjoy all kinds of nice food. Life is also 9 colourful. People can see films and listen to music . But pollution has become a serious problem . The government has taken 10 to reduce the pollution.
Mark is sure his hometown will be more and more beautiful.
七、 书面表达。(满分20分)
在过去的二十年里, 南通发生了巨大的变化 。请根据以下提示, 以 “Changes in Nantong”为题,介绍南通的过去和现在,并谈谈自己的感受。
注意:
1. 表达清楚,语法正确,语言连贯。
2. 选择两、三点变化进行介绍。
3. 词数100左右(已给出的部分不计入总词数)。
Changes in Nantong
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
B
根据语境可知 “我” 把英语课本落在家里了，对现在造成的影响是 “我” 要用海伦的，所以用现在完成时，结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，leave 的过去分词是 left，故选 B。
C
第一空特指邻里中那个独眼老人，用定冠词 the；第二空 “play + 棋类” 中间不加冠词，故选 C。
D
A 项 “Instead” 意为 “相反”；B 项 “Otherwise” 意为 “否则”；C 项 “Moreover” 意为 “此外”；D 项 “Anyway” 意为 “无论如何，不管怎样”。根据语境，尽管车祸很可怕，但乘客现在安全了，这是最重要的，用 “Anyway” 合适，故选 D。
C
“be married” 表示状态，可以和一段时间连用；“get married” 强调动作，不能和一段时间连用，第一空根据 “for 15 years” 可知用 “has been married”；“marry” 是及物动词，“marry sb.” 表示 “和某人结婚”，第二空用 “married”，故选 C。
B
反意疑问句遵循 “前肯后否，前否后肯” 的原则，前半句中有 “never” 表示否定，所以后半句用肯定形式，前半句用的是现在完成时，助动词是 “has”，所以后半句用 “has”；根据 “she always arrives at school on time” 可知她从未迟到过，用否定回答 “No”，故选 B。
D
“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”；“be used to doing sth.” 表示 “习惯于做某事”。根据 “but now” 可知，杰克过去开车上班，现在习惯走路去上班，故选 D。
B
A 项 “till” 意为 “直到”；B 项 “before” 意为 “在…… 之前”；C 项 “since” 意为 “自从”；D 项 “after” 意为 “在…… 之后”。根据语境可知，让孩子们在忘记之前再读一遍新单词，用 “before” 合适，故选 B。
D
A 项 “situation” 意为 “情况，形势”；B 项 “information” 意为 “信息”；C 项 “introduction” 意为 “介绍”；D 项 “condition” 意为 “状况，状态”。“in perfect condition” 表示 “状况极佳”，符合语境，故选 D。
D
A 项 “Until two weeks ago” 表示动作持续到两周前，和非延续性动词不搭配；B 项 “Since two weeks ago” 和现在完成时连用；C 项 “For two weeks” 和现在完成时连用；D 项 “Not until last Sunday” 表示 “直到上周日才……”，符合语境，故选 D。
A
A 项 “Oh, really ” 表示惊讶，意为 “哦，真的吗？”；B 项 “Me too.” 意为 “我也是”；C 项 “That’s all right.” 意为 “没关系”；D 项 “Sounds good!” 意为 “听起来不错！”。根据 “That’s so amazing.” 可知用 “Oh, really ” 合适，故选 A。
二、完形填空
B
根据 “about 3,000 feet straight up” 可知这块岩石很高大，“huge” 意为 “巨大的”，符合语境，故选 B。
A
根据 “I touched that rock” 以及后面说攀岩成了作者一生的钟爱，可知作者一摸到岩石就立刻想攀爬它，“immediately” 意为 “立刻，马上”，符合语境，故选 A。
B
根据后文作者对公园垃圾问题的关注以及组织清理活动，可知作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当成了自己的家，“home” 意为 “家”，符合语境，故选 B。
B
根据 “like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes” 可知作者看到了很多垃圾，“waste” 意为 “垃圾”，符合语境，故选 B。
C
根据 “treated such a beautiful home - like place this way” 可知游客越来越不尊重这个地方，“less” 表示 “更少，更不”，符合语境，故选 C。
A
根据 “decided something had to change” 可知作者对这种情况感到厌烦了，“tired of” 意为 “厌烦，厌倦”，符合语境，故选 A。
D
根据后文 “Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of rubbish” 可知作者组织了一次清理活动，“cleanup” 意为 “清理”，符合语境，故选 D。
B
根据 “more than 300 people” 以及后面清理了很多垃圾，可知有 300 多人参加了活动，“took part” 意为 “参加”，符合语境，故选 B。
D
根据 “the park looked clean” 可知他们的行动带来了很大的改变，“make a difference” 表示 “有影响，起作用”，符合语境，故选 D。
B
根据 “complaining” 可知作者经常听到人们抱怨周围的环境，“complain about” 意为 “抱怨”，符合语境，故选 B。
三、阅读理解
A 篇
A
根据 “We need to know that our parents work hard to make money” 可知钱来自父母的辛勤工作，故选 A。
C
根据 “We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money.” 可知作者举买自行车的例子是为了让孩子们设定一个存钱的目标，故选 C。
D
根据 “After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we ’ve dreamed about!” 可知实现目标会让我们感到满足，“satiate” 意为 “满足”，和 “Satisfy” 意思相近，故选 D。
B
根据 “It’s important for us to have a budget (预算). In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on.” 可知孩子们应该有一个花钱的计划，故选 B。
B
文章主要介绍了一些管理金钱的方法，帮助孩子们养成良好的消费习惯，“Ways of managing money” 符合文章主旨，故选 B。
B 篇
B
根据 “Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphones.” 可知 “gadgets” 指的是一些工具，“Tools” 符合语境，故选 B。
B
①段主要讲了固定电话和付费电话，和 “Call me” 相关；②段主要讲了软盘，和 “Goodbye disks” 相关；③段主要讲了用胶卷拍照，和 “Picture this” 相关，故选 B。
C
根据 “The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful—each disk could store just about 180 KB of information!” 可知第一批软盘很大、很贵且不太有用，“They cost a lot of money.” 符合文意，故选 C。
C
文章通过介绍过去的一些工具被新技术取代，说明科技的进步改变了人们的生活，“Improvements in technology change people’s life.” 符合文意，故选 C。
D
文章主要介绍了一些人们过去使用过的东西，“The things we used to use” 符合文章主旨，故选 D。
四、词汇
A 部分
realized
“hasn’t” 是现在完成时的助动词，后面接动词的过去分词，“realize” 的过去分词是 “realized”，故填 “realized”。
blocks
“four” 后面接可数名词复数，“block” 的复数是 “blocks”，故填 “blocks”。
situation
“economic situation” 表示 “经济形势”，故填 “situation”。
Recently
“Recently” 意为 “最近”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 “Recently”。
abroad
“travel abroad” 表示 “出国旅行”，故填 “abroad”。
B 部分
have been used to
“since” 引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，“be used to sth.” 表示 “习惯于某事”，主语 “the couple” 是复数，助动词用 “have”，故填 “have been used to”。
wives’
根据 “husbands” 可知这里指的是妻子们的感受，“wife” 的复数是 “wives”，所有格形式是 “wives’”，故填 “wives’”。
impossible
根据 “but happens anyway” 可知奇迹是看起来不可能但却发生了的事情，“impossible” 意为 “不可能的”，故填 “impossible”。
Communication
“will become easier and faster” 缺少主语，“communicate” 的名词形式是 “Communication”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 “Communication”。
writing
“be used to doing sth.” 表示 “习惯于做某事”，“write” 的动名词形式是 “writing”，故填 “writing”。
五、根据首字母提示补全短文
born
根据 “and he grew up there” 可知他出生在那里，“be born” 表示 “出生”，故填 “born”。
since
根据 “He went back to Fullerton” 以及 “he finished high school” 可知自从他高中毕业就没回去过，“since” 意为 “自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，故填 “since”。
ago
“many years ago” 表示 “许多年前”，故填 “ago”。
used
“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”，故填 “used”。
passed
“pass by” 表示 “经过”，根据上下文可知用一般过去时，“pass” 的过去式是 “passed”，故填 “passed”。
thought
“think about” 表示 “思考，想起”，根据上下文可知用一般过去时，“think” 的过去式是 “thought”，故填 “thought”。
felt
“feel like” 表示 “感觉像”，根据上下文可知用一般过去时，“feel” 的过去式是 “felt”，故填 “felt”。
seen
根据 “He saw people” 以及 “for many years” 可知用现在完成时，结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，“see” 的过去分词是 “seen”，故填 “seen”。
back
“trip back to...” 表示 “回到…… 的旅行”，故填 “back”。
memories
“bring back many memories” 表示 “唤起许多回忆”，“memory” 是可数名词，这里用复数形式，故填 “memories”。
六、任务型阅读
Changes
文章主要介绍了马克家乡的变化，故填 “Changes”。
western
根据 “I live in a town in the west of Shanghai.” 可知马克住在上海西部的一个城镇，“in the western part of” 表示 “在…… 的西部”，故填 “western”。
village
根据 “In the past, my hometown was only a small village.” 可知二十年前这个城镇是一个小村庄，故填 “village”。
buildings
根据 “There were no tall buildings.” 可知过去没有高楼大厦，故填 “buildings”。
sent
根据 “We contacted each other mainly by sending letters.” 可知过去人们主要通过写信联系彼此，用一般过去时，“send” 的过去式是 “sent”，故填 “sent”。
factories
根据 “In the past, there were not many factories. So the water was clean and the air was fresh.” 可知因为工厂少，过去的水和空气更干净，故填 “factories”。
present
“at present” 表示 “目前，现在”，故填 “present”。
comfortable
根据 “We can find our life more comfortable.” 可知现在生活更舒适了，故填 “comfortable”。
more
根据 “We can also enjoy wonderful films and listen to music with mobile phones.” 可知现在生活更加丰富多彩，“more colourful” 表示 “更丰富多彩”，故填 “more”。
action
根据 “The government has taken action to reduce the pollution.” 可知政府已经采取行动减少污染，故填 “action”。
七、书面表达
Changes in Nantong
Great changes have taken place in my hometown Nantong in the past twenty years.
In the past, there were only narrow and small roads in my hometown. What’s worse, there was rubbish everywhere. People lived in small and old houses. They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time. When they wanted to travel around the town, they had to walk or ride bikes.
But now, things have changed a lot. The streets are wide and clean with many green trees on both sides. The government has also built shops and tall buildings in some open spaces. Moreover, most of us have moved into new flats. When we are free, we can play computer games or talk with friends online. We can also go around our town in our own cars.
In my opinion, people are enjoying a comfortable life here.