高考读后续写训练1（审题＋写框架）导学案 （无答案）-2025届高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

英语培优1 读后续写审题+写框架
一 记叙文文体结构特征
拉波夫模式：
范畴 功能 语言形式
点题 故事大意，一句话概括，引起兴趣。形式为标题或首段话语。 正式叙事之前，简短总结陈述。
指向 时间、地点、人物、背景，为故事的发生做铺垫。 一般过去时，过去进行时，时间、地点、方式的状语修饰语等。
进展 是事件按先后顺序的呈现，回答“先发生了什么，后发生了什么”的相关问题，是叙事的核心。 由叙事小句来实现。按时间顺序铺排。叙事结构通过两个独立小句之间的时间节点建立起来。一般通过一般过去时实现。
评议 渗透于整个文本，是叙述者或故事中的人物对事件的看法、态度、心理感受。 由不同的语言形式表达，包括评价性话语、嵌入的话语。从基本的叙事中偏离，如使用增强语、对比语、阐释语，或用否定词、将来时、条件句等来指没有发生、可能已发生、将要发生的事件。
结局 故事的完结，是对“最后发生了什么”这一问题的回答。 故事结尾处的叙事语句。
尾声 是故事与现实连接的纽带，是故事对读者的启迪或意义。点明主旨，升华主题。 语言特征不明显( 可根据具体情境学习运用一部分结尾升华表达)
故事山：
契诃夫之枪
“契诃夫之枪”是一种情节设置，它描述了故事的每一个元素应该如何对整体做出贡献。它来自安东·契诃夫的著名的写作建议："如果你在第一章中说有一支挂在墙上的步枪，在第二或第三章中它绝对必须开火。如果它不打算发射，就不应该挂在那里。”
换句话说，故事中引入的一切都需要有功能。
4 记叙文技巧
背景
象征，情景交融
伏笔
倒叙，预叙
人称与视角
作者评论
悬念
平面角色，立体角色
唤醒顿悟
重复
夸张
故事嵌入
拟人，拟声，情感谬误
比喻
情节曲折，情节转折
悬念结尾，利落结尾，问题解决，升华，画面定格，首位呼应，展望未来
二 审题
文本梳理：
人物，时间、地点、
事件（情节）：发生——发展——高潮（矛盾冲突）——矛盾解决——结局，
情感：发展变化
主题（六大主题：个人成长类 ；助人为乐类；遇困脱险类；亲情关爱类；人与动物类
生活故事类）
伏笔（暗示主题、暗示故事发展走向）：题目、首段点题、词汇重复、人物心理、对话、景色描写、倒叙等。
四句定框架
如何实现句子之间的粘连？衔接和连贯
英语的五种衔接手段：语法手段（照应、替代、省略）、词汇手段（连接词、词汇衔接）
1）、照应（reference），也叫指称：指用代词的语法手段来表示语义关系，可分为人称照应（he,they,their,mine），指示照应(the,that,those,then,there,)和比较照应（more,better,the same,similar）。
2）、替代（substitutin）：指用替代形式去替代上下文出现的词语，可分为名词性替代(one,ones)，动词性替代(do,do so)和分句性替代(so,nor)。
3）、省略（ellpsis）：指省去句子中某一成分。分名词性省略、动词性省略和分句性省略。
4）、连接词（conjunction）：指连接句子的各种连词（and, but,yet,or,so ）、副词(therefor,anyway, however)、短语(in addition,as a result, in other words)、分句(to conclude, that is to say, what’s more)等。
从语义功能角度，可分为：
增补型（and, besides,）
转折型 (but,however,instead,in fact,still,by the way )
解释型（for example,that is, in other words,or rather, )
因果型（according to,hence,now,therefore, of course,otherwise,thanks to,）
时空型 (first, finally, since then, soon, next to, on the right,)
5）、词汇衔接（lexical cohesion）：指通过重复上下文出现过的词来达到语篇的连贯。
词汇复现：某一词以原词、 同义词、 近义词、 反义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复 出现在语篇中。
词汇的同现： 词汇共同出现的倾向性，词的同现关系与语篇范围关系密切。在一个围绕某个特定的话题展开的语篇中，与这个话题相关的 词汇出现的频率就比较高，比较集中。
连贯
指语篇中语义的关联，连贯存在于语篇的底层，通过逻辑推理来达到语义连接，是语篇的无形网络。
连贯可通过语篇类型（结构）、语法、词汇等有形网络来建立，也可以依靠交际双方共有知识和逻辑推理来实现。
句子间语义逻辑关系
次序关系、因果关系、概括与例证关系、转折关系、递进关系、解释关系、并列关系、对比关系和比较关系。
审题示范 23新课标一卷
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking.时间、人物、事件的发生 I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. 句间逻辑关系：解释原因Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. 写作手法：倒叙
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself伏笔（可升华主题）, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try故事发展：我决定试一试. 平面人物，立体人物
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. 故事发展：我选定主题
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. 情节发展：我写作的过程：挣扎、坚持 ；情感变化：自我怀疑、想放弃、坚持；语言学习：连串问句表示猜测，也可用于自我怀疑；排比短句表示努力的过程。
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
情节发展：反复修改后，终于完成；情感变化：爱上写作；语言学习： I wrote it again, and again and again.反复修改的过程；give way to 情感变化
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I had won first prize in the writing contest.
I decided to call on my teacher to tell him the good news. / to show my gratitude.
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me./ Seeing my coming, my teacher raised his head, gave me a thumb and said, “Well done!”.
What I learned from this experience was that everything is possible if I really apply myself. / This amazing experience sparked my interested in writing and I now have had several books published, which I owe to the encouragement of my dear social studies teacher and my not giving up.
审题训练
(1)
My father was the kind of person who could never pass by someone who needed help. He was a firm believer in the mantra (箴言)： What goes around comes around. He believed that someday he might need help, and someone would return the favor. But I didn’t quite buy it.
One weekend, my father and I took a trip to Flaming Gorge Reservoir (水库). We loved to fish at Flaming Gorge. We owned a cabin boat that was about fifteen feet in length. We put our boat in at Sheep Creek Marina (游艇停泊港). Our goal was to go as far north as possible, spend the weekend in our boat, and fish until we had our limit.
Heading toward the Wyoming side of the reservoir, we traveled some distance before we began to fish. Frankly, the fishing wasn’t very good, but we loved being out on the boat together in such a beautiful place.
Suddenly, we saw a man on the far shore waving at us. Immediately, my father fired up the motor and went toward the other side of the reservoir, where the man was still waving at us. When we arrived, I was amazed to see a beautiful big yacht (游艇) pulled onto the shore.
The man introduced himself as Mat and then thanked us warmly for coming to his assistance. His battery was dead, and he wondered if we could help him. We did, and soon his big motor roared back to life. Mat and his family were very grateful. We lost an hour of fishing. Being an impatient teenager, I was a bit annoyed at the one-hour loss, but we were soon back out on the reservoir.
The next day the fishing didn’t improve. As a matter of fact, it was terrible, so we decided to call it quits and go back to the marina. We were about two miles from the marina when we found ourselves fighting a strong headwind that slowed our progress. The waves were kicking up, and suddenly our engine decided to quit.
续写词数应为 150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We tried to get it running, but it simply wouldn’t start.
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On our way home, I saw an old lady waving at our car by the roadside.
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In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone.
“Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me
Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠).
“I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.
“Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for a side hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside.
Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake I wondered.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me.
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Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket.
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（3）
As a young boy, I sometimes traveled the country roads with my dad. He was a rural mail carrier and on Saturdays he would ask me to go with him. Driving through the countryside was always an adventure: there were animals to see, people to visit, and chocolate cookies to enjoy.
On Dad's final day of work, it took him well into the evening to complete his rounds because at least one member from each family was waiting at their mailbox to appreciate him for his friendship and his years of service. "Two hundred and nineteen mailboxes on my route," he used to say, " and a story at every one. " One lady had no mailbox, so Dad took the mail in to her every day because she was nearly blind. He once lectured me that to bring everyone plain pleasure was his greatest pleasure, which has clung to （一直记得）me so far.
Mailboxes were sometimes used for things other than mail. Once,a young girl wrote letters but had no stamps, so she left a few buttons on the envelope in the mailbox; Dad paid for the stamps.
With a heavy heart,I traveled back to my hometown on the sad occasion of Dad's death, and the mailboxes along the way reminded me of some of his stories. I thought I knew them all, but that wasn't the case.
As I drove home, I noticed two lamp poles(灯柱), one on each side of the street. When my dad was around, those poles supported wooden boxes about four feet off the ground. One box was painted green, and the other was red, and each had a long narrow hole at the top with white lettering: Santa Claus, NORTH POLE. For years children had dropped letters to Santa through those holes. I was among the kids whose letters were always answered in time.
I made a turn at the corner and drove past the post office and across the railroad tracks to our house. Mom and I were sitting at the kitchen table when I heard footsteps. There, at the door, stood Frank Townsend, Dad's postmaster and great friend for many years. Threads of silver ran through his beard and the hair. Obviously, time ploughed deep wrinkles on his brow. Sitting down at the table,he began to tell old stories.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
At one point Frank looked at me with tears in his eyes as if recalling something.
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Paragraph 2:
Thinking of this philosophy of pleasure,I resolved to be this year’s Santa Claus.
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