九年级英语下册Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 课件(共17张PPT)

(共17张PPT)
UNIT 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A (Grammar Focus–4c)
学科素养
1. 语言能力：
（1）能够掌握课时内重要词汇和短语：cream, workday,show up, bean,
market;(2) 能够用过去完成时描述事物的发展。
2. 文化意识：
培养学生应对突发事件的态度。
3. 思维品质：
能够在老师的指导下，通过观察，讨论 ，归纳等课堂活动，探究过去完成时的
用法。
4. 学习能力：
培养学生观察，归纳，总结的能力。
立德树人
能够树立正确的人生观，价值观。引导学生树立正确、积极的生活态度。
Lead-in
Free talk.
Try to describe the unexpected things that happened to you using the past perfect tense.
Grammar Focus
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
主句动作发生在从句之后，从句是一般过去时，
主句为过去完成时。
两个动作同时进行，主从句都是一般过去时或过去进行时。
观察以下句子，发现其中的时态规律。
过去完成时
一、概念：
过去完成时由“助动词had（用于各种人称和数）+过去分词”构成，表示某动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
过去的过去
过去某时
现在
将来
（先发生）
（后发生）
过去完成时
从过去之前的某个时间点到过去的某个时间点为止
二、 结构：
肯定句 主语+had+过去分词+其他. Most of the guests had left when she arrived at the party.大多数客人在她到达聚会时已经离开了。
否定句 主语+hadn’t+过去分词+其他. By 9:00 yesterday evening, he hadn’t gotten home. 昨晚直到9点钟，他还没到家。
一般疑问句 及其答语 Had+主语+过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+had. 否定回答：No, 主语+hadn’t. —Had Simon finished his homework before he watched TV 在看电视之前西蒙完成他的作业了吗？
—Yes, he had.是的，他完成了。
No, he hadn’t. 不，他没有完成。
1. 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，常与
by、before等构成的表示时间的短语连用。
By the time I went outside, the rain had already stopped.
我走到外面时，雨已经停了。
He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done.
在他意识到他所做的事情之前，他已经把它扔进了海里。
2. 常用在said、told、knew、heard、realized等后面的宾语从句中。
He said that he had worked in that factory for ten years.
他说他已经在那家工厂工作了十年。
I suddenly realized that I had left my ID card at home.
我突然意识到我把身份证忘在家里了。
三、 用法：
3.在含有when、before等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果从句的时态为一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。
The concert had ended when she arrived there.
当她到达那里时，音乐会已经结束了。
She had learned English before she came to America. 她来美国之前学过英文。
4.过去完成时是一个相对的时态，只有和过去的某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到，因此可通过分析语境来确定时态。
I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 我昨天在街上碰见了吉姆，自从他去北京以后，我们彼此就没有见过面。
1. 句中有yesterday、last year、in 1990、three years ago等明确表示过去的时间状语时，常用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。
He said his grandpa died in 1999. 他说他的爷爷是1999年去世的。
2.叙述过去连续发生的两件及两件以上的事情时，虽然时间上有先后之别，但仍用一般过去时。
They decided to stay there, so they built their house and got married. 他们决定留在那儿，所以他们建了房子，并结了婚。
3.在包含before、after、when、until、as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句的动作和从句的动作紧接着发生，那么主、从句均使用一般过去时。
Where did you study before you came here 你来这儿之前在哪儿学习？
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一坐下就拿出了英语书。
四、 不用过去完成时的几种情况：
4a
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
______________________________________________________________
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.
______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
______________________________________________________________
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
Make sentences using by the time or before.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
______________________________________________________________
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
______________________________________________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had already started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
4a
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
rush out forget arrive at
go into show up find out
By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else_______ already _________ .
2.When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _____________to add the green beans.
3. By the time my mother came back from the market, I ____already ____________ of the door to go for my piano lesson.
had
shown up
had forgotten
had
rushed out
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words
in the box.
rush out forget arrive at
go into show up find out
4. Before she got to the airport, she _____________ about the earthquake.
5. When she __________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye,he____________ the building.
had found out
arrived at
had gone into
4b
Exercises
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Before we arrived at the party, Mr. Brown ___________ (leave) the
room.
2. By the time I ___________(walk) into the store, someone had
bought the jeans I wanted.
3. We ___________(paint) the house before we moved in.
4. Tom said he ___________(read) the book twice.
had painted
had read
had left
walked
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.在我醒来之前，我的弟弟已经在洗澡了，我不得不在外面等。
2.Black先生把他的钥匙放在家里了，所以他不得不等直到他的妻子回家。
3.警察到达超市之前，小偷已经跑了。
By the time I ________up, my brother________ in the shower. I had to wait for him.
Mr. Black ________his keys in the office, so he had to wait until his wife ________ home.
By the time the police got to the supermarket, the thief _____________.
had gone
woke had gotten
had left
came
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
1. By the time I left for school in the morning,
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. By the end of the school day, __________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3. By dinner time, I ______________________
I ______________________
I ______________________
I had already finished breakfast.
I had already checked the weather report.
I had already washed my face.
I had finished my homework.
the library books had all been returned to their shelves.
had had too many apples.
had eaten plenty of meat.
had finished all the housework .
4c
all the students had tidied their desks and chairs.
Summary