九年级英语下册Unit 13《We’re trying to save the earth》Section A（Grammar Focus-4c）课件（共92张PPT）

(共92张PPT)
Period 3 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型, 你们都掌握了吗？现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧!
How many tenses(时态) and voices(语态) have we learned What are they
We're trying to save the earth. Present progressive①
The river used to be so clean. used to
The air is badly polluted. Passive voice
No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. Present perfect
We should help save the sharks. Modal verbs
4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Joe: _______ you ever _______ (take) part in an environmental project ②
Ken: Yes, I have. I ________ (help) with a Clean Up Day last year. It was __________ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ________ ever ________ (have) .
Joe: How many people ________ (take) part
took
considered
has
Have
taken
helped
had
Ken: I ________ (think) more than 1, 000 people ________ (come) to help out.
Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _______ (try) to improve the environment.
Ken: Yes, we can’t afford to ________ (wait) any longer to take action! ③
think
came
trying
wait
4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.
can
would
could
have to
should
must
may/might
People ________ think that big things ________ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _______ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. ④ You _________ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags.
should
may
can
should
I think it’s a great idea that you now ________ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you ________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you ________ take the bus. All these small things ________ add up and become big things that ________ improve the environment. ⑤ Let’s take action now!
have to
can
can
can
can
can
would
could
have to
should
must
may/might
4c Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.
use public transportation
_________________________
bring a bag to go shopping
A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.
B: I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation...
①Present progressive
present /'preznt/ adj. 现在的 n. 现在；礼物 v. 颁发；授予
present 的用法：
adj. “现在的”，常用于名词前作定语。 At the present time, different people have different ideas about it.
目前，不同的人对此有不同的看法。
“出席的；在场的”，修饰名词要后置。 There were 200 people present when the meeting started.
会议开始时有200人在场。
n. “现在”，at present现在，目前。 I’m sorry he is out at present.
很抱歉他现在不在。
“礼物”，相当于gift。 Here is a present for you.
这是给你的一份礼物。
v. “颁发；授予”。 Our headmaster presented the prizes to the winners. 校长为优胜者颁了奖。
考题1: They can’t wait to have a look at p .
resent
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②____ you ever ____(take) part in an environmental project
(高频) take part in 参加
Will you take part in the English party
你将参加英语聚会吗？
We should take an active part in after-school activities.
我们应该积极参加课外活动。
take an active part in 意为“积极参加”
take part in 后接名词、代词或动名词。part 前一般不用冠词，但当part 前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词。
辨析: take part in, join, join in 与attend
take part in 参加群众性活动、会议等, 指参加者持积极态度, 起一定作用。
join 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体, 后接表示组织或团体的名词。
join in 指参加小规模的活动, 如球赛、游戏等。
attend 意为“出席, 参加”, 属于正式用语, 多用于参加大型会议、婚礼或典礼等。
take 的其他常用短语：
take place 发生 take off 脱下；起飞
take care 小心 take steps 采取措施
take action 采取行动
take it easy 放松；别紧张
take up 占据；开始从事
take a walk =have a walk 散步
考题2: 上学期海伦参加了一些艺术俱乐部的活动。
Helen ___________________________ some activities at the art club last term.
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took part in/joined in
③Yes, we can’t afford to _____ (wait) any longer to take action!
(1) (重点) afford / 'f (r) d/ v. 承担得起(后果) ；买得起
We can’t afford to wait. 我们等不起。
拓展：afford 还可指在金钱方面。常与can, could, be able to 连用，后接名词、代词或动词不定式。
Can we afford a new car 我们买得起一辆新车吗？
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们负担不起去国外(的费用) 。
(2) take action 采取行动
It’s necessary to think twice before you take action.
三思而后行是有必要的。
We should take action to make food safer!
我们应该采取行动让食物更安全！
We must take steps to deal with the problem.
我们必须采取措施来处理这个问题。
take steps 意为“采取措施”，后接动词不定式。
afford 的常用搭配：
afford sth. 买得起某物
afford to do sth.负担得起做某事
can’t afford sth.买不起某物
can’t afford to do sth.负担不起做某事
take action to do sth.表示 “采取行动做某事”。其中action 为不可数名词，意为“行动”。
考题3: Our government is trying hard to help save the pandas. Let’s take _________ (act) to join.
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action
④For example, you _____ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room.
(高频) turn off 关掉
turn off 常指关闭电源、水龙头或煤气等。其反义短语是turn on(打开) ，二者都是考试中的高频考点。
动副结构短语，后接代词宾格时宾格要放在turn 与off 之间。
We should turn off the tap when we brush our teeth.
我们刷牙的时候应该关掉水龙头。
Don’t watch TV all the time. Please turn it off.
不要一直看电视，请把它关了。
考题4: To live a green life, we should remember to ______ the lights when we leave a room.
A. turn on B. turn off
C. turn up D. turn down
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B
⑤All these small things _____ add up and become big things that _____ improve the environment.
add up 把……加起来
Can you add up these numbers and tell me the result
你能把这些数字加起来并告诉我结果吗？
The expenses add up to 500 yuan. 费用总计为500 元。
add 的其他相关短语：add to 增加；添加
add up to 总计 add in 加进；加入
add 还有“补充说”的意思。
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现在进行时
基本 结构 am/is/are + 动词 -ing ①
基本 用法 表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作。②
表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态③
标志词 now, right now, at the moment, 句首Look! Listen! 等。④
注意 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等动词用现在进行时表示将来，后跟表示将来的时间状语。⑤
现在进行时可表示反复发生的动作，常与always, all the time 等连用，带有一定的感彩，如不满、赞赏等。⑥
1 More and more people are using AI to help them with their work.
越来越多的人正在使用人工智能来帮助他们的工作。
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2 I’m writing an e-mail to my friend.
我正在给我的朋友写一封电子邮件。
考题1: [江西] —Where is Helen
— I’m not sure. Maybe she _____ her baseball lesson.
A. had B. was having
C. is having D. will have
C
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3 Ben is working in a factory these days.
这些天本在一家工厂工作。
拓展：现在分词的变化规则
规则 例词
一般在词尾直接加-ing play—playing
以不发音的e 结尾的动词，先去e 再加-ing take—taking;
have—having
以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写这一辅音字母再加-ing put—putting;
get—getting
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4 We are studying in the classroom at the moment.
现在我们正在教室学习。
Look! The interviewers are taking photos right now.
看！采访者们现在正在拍照。
考题2: Look! My sister ______ the table. Let’s give her a hand.
A. set B. sets
C. is setting D. was setting
【点拨】关键词法。根据“Look!”可知，句子时态是现在进行时。
C
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5 Many people are leaving for Shanghai next week.
许多人下周要动身去上海。
考题3: —There is no coffee left!
—Oh, sorry! I ______ to the shop to get some.
A. am going B. was going
C. went D. have gone
A
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6 He is always thinking of others. 他总是为别人着想。
特别提醒: 以下动词通常不用于进行时：
(1) 表示感觉或情感的动词，如smell、taste、seem、like、love、wish、hope等；
(2) 表示理解、记忆或决定的动词，如understand、remember、decide等；
(3) 表示所有或占有的动词，如have、belong、own等。
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现在完成时
基本结构 have/has + 动词的过去分词①
基本用法 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。②
某一动作或状态从过去一直持续到现在。③
标志词 yet，already，just，before，ever，never，for + 时间段，since +时间点(since 1997，since 3 days ago，since I was ten) ④
辨析 4have/has been to ，have/has gone to 与have/has been in ⑤
1 All of us have made great progress since we started junior high school.
自我们上初中以来，我们所有人都取得了很大的进步。
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2 Most people have read works written by Lu Xun.
大多数人都读过鲁迅写的作品。(强调过去读鲁迅的作品对现在造成的影响：对其有所了解) 。
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3 I have studied English for 12 years.
我学习英语十二年了。
考题4:Scientists are trying to find life on Mars but they _______________ (not find) anything yet.
haven’t found
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4 I have never seen such a beautiful girl.
我从没见过这么漂亮的女孩。
Mary has worked as a volunteer at a reading program for 2 years.
玛丽在一个阅读项目做志愿者两年了。
考题5: — Would you like something to eat, Mr. Song
— No, thanks. I’m not hungry. I ______ some zongzi already.
A. eat B. ate C. have eaten
C
考题6: Alex ______ tea culture since he came to China in 2010.
A. studies B. studied
C. has studied D. was studying
【点拨】考查现在完成时。根据句意可知，强调时间的延续，是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构。
C
拓展：现在完成时中非延续性动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。此时应将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词，转换情况可见下表：
非延续性动词 延续性动词(短语)
borrow(借) keep
buy(买) have
die(死亡) be dead
leave(离开) be away
begin(开始) be on
join(加入) be a member of
finish(结束) be over
The meeting has just begun.
会议刚刚开始。
The meeting has been on for 10 minutes.
会议已经开始十分钟了。
考题7: Hurry up! The movie _____ for ten minutes．
A. has begun B. began
C. has been on
【点拨】begin 是非延续性动词，在完成时中不能和时间段连用。
C
注意: 在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
I haven’t borrowed a book for a long time.
我好长时间没有借过书了。
考题8: We _______ each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A. won’t see B. haven’t seen
C. didn’t see
【点拨】由since 引导的从句为一般过去时，可知主句是现在完成时。see 虽是瞬间动词，但在否定句中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
B
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5 辨析：have/has been to, have/has gone to 与 have/has been in
have/has been to 意为“曾经去过(某地) ”，表示去过某地，现在已经回来了。通常与表示次数的词(组) 连用，如：twice，several times。
have/has gone to 意为“去了(某地) ”，表示到某地去了，说话时该人不在场(可能在中途，也可能已经到达某地) ，一般不使用第一、二人称作句子的主语。
have/has been in 表示“在某地多久了”。
Have you ever been to Beijing 你去过北京吗？
—Where is Mr Wang 王先生在哪里？
—He has gone to the library. 他去了图书馆。
The workers have been in this factory for many years.
工人们已经在这个工厂待了很多年了。
特别提醒：have / has been to 和have /has gone to 是现在完成时中特殊又高频的考点。
考题9: —May I speak to Wang Hong
—Sorry, she is not at home. She _____ to Beijing.
A．has been B．has to go C．has gone
【点拨】has been to 曾经去过(某地) ；has gone to 去了(某地) 。根据“she is not at home”可知，她还未回家，应用has gone to。
C
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used to 的用法
概述 used to 意为“过去常常”，可用于各种人称，表示过去存在但现在已经停止的动作或状态。
用法 used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”。①
句式变化 否定句：didn’t use to/usedn’t to ②
一般疑问句：在句首加did, 并把used 变成use ③
反意疑问句：附加疑问部分为：did/didn’t + 主语？④
其他用法 used to be +adj. 用来描述过去的状况如何。⑤
used to be + 职业名词，表示过去当过……。⑥
辨析 used to do sth., be/get used to doing sth. 与be used to do/for doing sth. ⑦
to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词。
1 She used to collect stamps.
她过去常常收集邮票。
考题10: This hotel ____________(过去常常) provide delicious breakfast for its tourists.
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used to
2 Her daughter didn’t use to (usedn’t to) eat fruit.
她女儿过去不常吃水果。
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3 —Did students use to walk to school
学生们过去常常走路上学吗？
—Yes, they did./ No, they didn’t.
是的，他们走路。/ 不，他们不走路。
考题11：Linda used to be a dancer. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Linda ________ to be a dancer
【点拨】used 是动词过去式，一般疑问句借助于助动词Did，谓语动词恢复原形。
Did use
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4 The chemical factory used to develop very slowly, didn’t it
那家化工厂过去发展得很慢，不是吗？
5 Mums also used to be beautiful years ago.
多年前妈妈们也很漂亮。
6 Chen Chen used to be a teacher in a university.
陈晨过去是位大学教师。
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7 辨析：used to do sth., get/be used to doing sth. 与be used to do/for doing sth.
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
get / be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
be used to do/for doing sth. 被用来做某事
I used to play basketball every day when I was in high school.
我在高中的时候每天都打篮球。
Old people are used to going to bed early and getting up early.
老年人习惯于早睡早起。
The washing machine is used to wash clothes. = The washing machine is used for washing clothes. 洗衣机被用来洗衣服。
考题12: The teachers used to ______ key points on the blackboard, but now they get used to ______ them through PPTs.
A. write; showing B. writing; show
C. write; show
A
考题13: These tips are _________ to improve your social skills. Why not take them (use)
【点拨】固定短语be used to do sth. “被用来做某事”。
used
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情态动词
can /could 意为“能；会”，表示现在或过去的能力。①
意为“能；可以”，表示请求或许可(could 的语气更为委婉) ，如果表示允许别人做某事，要用can 而不用could。②
may 意为“可以”，用于肯定句中，表示许可，比can 正式。③
意为“可以”，用于疑问句中，表示请求，might 语气更委婉。④
在正式场合或书面语中表祝愿。⑤
should 意为“应该”，表示征询意见或提出建议。⑥
意为“应该；应当”，表示职责或义务。⑦
must 意为“必须”，表示义务或责任，强调主观看法。⑧
否定形式mustn’t，表禁止。⑨
need 意为“需要”，用于疑问句和否定句中。⑩
特别提醒: 情态动词多表示能力、许可、应该、需要等，不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
1 Humans can’t breathe without air.
没有空气人类不能呼吸。
Lily could run at the age of two.
两岁的时候莉莉就会跑了。
考题14: Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems ______ be cured.
A. can B. must
C. should D. need
【点拨】can 能够；must 必须；should 应该；need需要。根据句意可知，此处指眼部问题能够被治愈，强调能力，应用can。
A
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2 Could you please pass me the salt 你能把盐递给我吗？
—Sure, I can. 当然，我可以。
拓展：could 还可以用于委婉语气，构成句型：Could you please do sth. 肯定回答：Yes/ Sure, I can. 否定回答： Sorry, I can’t.。句型：Could I do sth. 肯定回答：Yes/Sure, you can. 否定回答： Sorry, you can’t. / You’d better not.。
考题15: —Jack, could you please help me take out the trash
— Sorry, _____, Mom. I _____ my homework now.
A. couldn’t; am doing B. can’t; am doing
C. can’t; do
【点拨】“Could you please...”的肯定回答是“Sure/Yes, I can.”；否定回答是“Sorry, I can’t.”；第二空处根据“now”可知，“我”现在正在做作业，应为现在进行时。
B
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3 You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
4 May I come in 我可以进来吗？
5 May you succeed! 祝你成功！
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6 I think you should buy the white coat.
我觉得你应该买那件白色的外套。
考题16: Shh...! This is a library. You _______ keep your voice down.
A. can B. can’t
C. should D. shouldn’t
【点拨】can能，会；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据题干中“This is a library.”可知，在图书馆里应该声音小点。
C
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7 We should work harder to have a better future.
我们应该更加努力工作去拥有一个更好的未来。
考题17: When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they _____ be looked after well by us.
A. should B. shouldn’t
C. may D. may not
A
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8 You must finish your homework first.
你必须先完成你的作业。
— Must I set off now 我必须现在出发吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
是的，你必须。/不，你没必要。
考题18: —People _____ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes. Or they will be punished.
A．must B．can C．may
【点拨】must必须；can能，会；may可能，可以。由句意可知，根据交通规则，人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔，否则会受到惩罚。
A
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9 Mustn’t park here. 禁止在这里停车。
考题19: —Students ______ listen to music while they are riding bikes on the road.
—I agree with you. It’s too dangerous.
A. don’t have to B. may not
C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【点拨】根据“It’s too dangerous.”可推知，骑自行车时禁止听音乐。
C
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10 There is enough time. You needn’t hurry.
有足够的时间。你没必要着急。
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情态动词 表示推测 肯定句 must：意为“一定”，表示有把握的推测。① may/might/could： 意为“也许，可能”，might 的可能性比may 低。②
否定句 can’t/couldn’t：意为“不可能”，表示有把握的否定推测。③
may not/might not： 意为“可能不”，表示不太有把握的否定推测。④
情态动词表示推测
情态动词 表示推测 疑问句 can/could：意为“可能”，表示推测。⑤
不同时态中表推测的句子结构 情态动词+ have + 动词的过去分词：猜测过去发生的事情。⑥
情态动词+ be + 动词-ing：猜测正在发生的事情。⑦
1 The novel must belong to Qin Shan.
这本小说一定属于秦珊。
考题20: —You ______ be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs.
—Yes. I’ll take a deep rest and make myself comfortable.
A. may B. may not
C. must D. can’t
【点拨】may 可能；may not 可能不；must 一定；can’t 不可能。根据句意可知，是“一定”。
C
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2 It may rain tomorrow.
明天可能会下雨。
The car could/might be his.
那辆车可能是他的。
考题21: Your answer _______ be right, but I’m going to check to make sure.
A. can’t B. might C. must
【点拨】根据句意可知，答案可能是对的，但还要检查一下。
B
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3 The man can’t be our teacher. Our teacher has gone to Shanghai.
那个男人不可能是我们的老师。我们的老师已经去上海了。
考题22: —Is that your friend Laura over there
—No, it ______ be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen.
A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. can’t
【点拨】must 一定，表示对现在情况的肯定推测；mustn’t 禁止；can 能、可能，其否定式是can’t，表示对现在情况有把握的否定推测。根据题干中“She has gone to Shenzhen.”可知，此处表示不可能是Laura，应用can’t。
D
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4 It may not be right, but that’s what I think.
它可能不对，但是那就是我所认为的。
考题23: It ______ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A. may not B. mustn’t
C. need D. should
【点拨】may not 可能不；mustn’t 禁止；need 需要；should 应该。根据“There are other choices.”可知，此处是说“它可能不是解决这个问题的唯一方法。”
A
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5 Can Mr. Li be at home now
李先生现在可能在家吗？
6 He must have known the bad news.
他一定知道了这个坏消息。
7 She must be doing her homework at home now.
现在她一定正在家里做她的作业。
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被动语态
定义 是一种语态，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成 be 动词+ 及物动词的过去分词(被动语态的时态变化只改变be 的形式，过去分词部分不变) ①
特殊 情况 感官动词的被动语态还原不定式to：see/watch/notice/ hear sb. do sth.
=sb. Be seen/watched/noticed/ heard to do sth. ②
使役动词的被动语态还原不定式to：
make /let sb. do sth. = sb. be made/let to do sth. ③
1 被动语态的构成：
时态 构成 例句
一般 现在时 am/is/are+ 过去分词 Chinese is spoken by more and more people around the world these days.
如今世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
一般 过去时 was/were+ 过去分词 The windows were cleaned by us this morning. 窗户是我们今天早上擦的。
时态 构成 例句
一般 将来时 will be+ 过去分词 The exam will be divided into two parts. 考试将被分成两部分。
现在 完成时 have/has been+ 过去分词 Now these magazines have been kept in the library for a long time. 现在这些杂志已经在图书馆里保存很长时间了。
现在 进行时 am/is/are being+ 过去分词 An important meeting is being held.
一场重要的会议正在被举行。
考题24: The tea _____ in China _____ to many different countries and places each year.
A. is made; sent B. made; sent
C. made; is sent
C
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2 The thief was noticed to enter the room quietly.
那个小偷被注意到悄悄地进了房间。
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3 The workers are made to work 12 hours every day in the factory.
这些工人们被迫每天在工厂工作12 个小时。
拓展：主动语态与被动语态的相互转换。将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三点：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+ 过去分词”的结构；③ 将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的宾语，并将该介词短语放在谓语动词之后。
Many people speak English. (主动语态)
(主语) (谓语) (宾语)
English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)
(主语) (谓语) (介词by+ 宾语)
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本节课主要学习了单元重点语法: 现在进行时、现在完成时、被动语态, 这是对之前所学内容的系统巩固复习, 为大家中考备考打下一个坚实的基础。