Unit5What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重要知识点(单词+短语+语法+写作)人教版八年级下册

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名称 Unit5What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重要知识点(单词+短语+语法+写作)人教版八年级下册
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更新时间 2025-02-05 21:47:51

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八年级英语下册
Unit5重要知识点
一、常考单词
rainstorm / re nst m/n. 暴风雨,如:A rainstorm hit the city last night.(昨晚一场暴风雨袭击了这座城市。)
alarm / lɑ m/n. 闹钟;警报;警报器,常见短语 go off (闹钟)发出响声,如:My alarm goes off at 6:30 every morning.(我的闹钟每天早上 6:30 响。)
begin /b ɡ n/v. (began /b ɡ n/, begun /b ɡ n/) 开始,begin to do sth. /begin doing sth. 开始做某事,如:It began to rain heavily.(开始下大雨了。)
heavily / hev li/adv. 在很大程度上;大量地;沉重地,常用来修饰动词表示程度,如:It was raining heavily outside.(外面雨下得很大。)
suddenly / s d nli/adv. 突然;忽然,如:Suddenly, a dog ran out from the yard.(突然,一只狗从院子里跑了出来。)
strange /stre nd /adj. 奇特的;奇怪的;陌生的,如:I saw a strange object in the sky.(我看到天空中有一个奇怪的物体。)
storm /st m/n. 暴风雨;风暴,比 rainstorm 更广义,如:The storm caused a lot of damage.(这场风暴造成了很大的破坏。)
wind /w nd/n. 风,如:The wind is blowing hard.(风刮得很大。)其形容词形式 windy / w ndi/ ,如:It's a windy day.(今天是个有风的日子。)
light /la t/n. 光;光线;光亮;v. 点燃;照亮;adj. 轻的;浅色的,如:The light in the room is very bright.(房间里的光线很亮。)
report /r p t/v. & n. 报道;公布;报告,如:The newspaper reported the accident.(报纸报道了这起事故。)
area / e ri /n. 地域;地区,如:There are many factories in this area.(这个地区有很多工厂。)
wood /w d/n. 木;木头,如:The table is made of wood.(这张桌子是木头做的。)其形容词形式 wooden / w dn/ ,如:There is a wooden chair in the room.(房间里有一把木椅。)
window / w nd /n. 窗户,如:Please open the window.(请打开窗户。)
match /m t /n. 火柴;比赛;竞赛;v. 使相配;使成对,如:He struck a match to light the candle.(他划了一根火柴点燃蜡烛。)
beat /bi t/v. (beat /bi t/, beaten / bi tn/) 敲打;打败,如:The rain was beating against the window.(雨敲打着窗户。)
against / ɡenst/prep. 倚;碰;撞;反对,常见短语 play against 与…… 比赛,如:Our team will play against theirs tomorrow.(我们队明天将和他们队比赛。)
asleep / sli p/adj. 睡着,常用短语 fall asleep 入睡,如:He fell asleep soon after he went to bed.(他上床后很快就睡着了。)
rise /ra z/v. (rose /r z/, risen / r zn/) 升起;增加;提高,如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
fallen / f l n/adj. 倒下的;落下的,是 fall 的过去分词形式,如:There are many fallen leaves on the ground.(地上有很多落叶。)
apart / pɑ t/adv. 分离;分开,常见短语 take apart 拆开,如:He took apart the old clock.(他拆开了旧时钟。)
ice /a s/n. 冰,如:The lake is covered with ice in winter.(冬天湖面被冰覆盖。)其形容词形式 icy / a si/ ,如:Drive carefully on the icy road.(在结冰的路上小心驾驶。)
kid /k d/v. 开玩笑;欺骗;n. 小孩,如:You're kidding me!(你在跟我开玩笑吧!)
realize / ri la z/v. 理解;领会;认识到;实现,如:I finally realized my dream.(我终于实现了我的梦想。)
truth /tru θ/n. 实情;事实,如:Tell me the truth.(告诉我真相。)其形容词形式 true /tru / ,如:This is a true story.(这是一个真实的故事。)
recently / ri sntli/adv. 不久前;最近,如:I have seen him recently.(我最近见过他。)
terrorist / ter r st/n. 恐怖主义者;恐怖分子,如:The terrorist attack shocked the world.(这次恐怖袭击震惊了世界。)
date /de t/n. 日期;日子,如:What's the date today (今天几号?)
tower / ta (r)/n. 塔;塔楼,如:The Eiffel Tower is very famous.(埃菲尔铁塔非常有名。)
at first 首先;最初,如:At first, I didn't like the movie, but later I found it interesting.(起初,我不喜欢这部电影,但后来我发现它很有趣。)
二、重点短语
at the time of:在…… 的时候,如:What were you doing at the time of the rainstorm (暴风雨发生的时候你在做什么?)
go off:(闹钟)发出响声;爆炸;离开,如:The bomb went off in the city center.(炸弹在市中心爆炸了。)
pick up:接电话;捡起;搭载,如:I picked up the phone as soon as it rang.(电话一响我就接了起来。)
fall asleep:进入梦乡;睡着,如:She was so tired that she fell asleep quickly.(她太累了,很快就睡着了。)
die down:逐渐变弱;逐渐消失,如:The wind is dying down.(风渐渐平息了。)
wake up:醒来;叫醒,如:I usually wake up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常早上 7 点醒来。)
in a mess:乱七八糟;一团糟,如:Your room is in a mess. Please clean it up.(你的房间一团糟,请打扫一下。)
break...apart:使…… 分离;拆开,如:He broke the chocolate apart and shared it with his friends.(他把巧克力掰开,和朋友们一起分享。)
each other:互相;彼此,如:We should help each other.(我们应该互相帮助。)
make one's way:前往;费力地前进,如:He made his way through the crowded street.(他在拥挤的街道上艰难前行。)
in silence:沉默;无声,如:They sat in silence, not knowing what to say.(他们静静地坐着,不知道该说什么。)
take down:拆除;往下拽;记录,如:They are going to take down the old building.(他们打算拆除那座旧建筑。)
tell the truth:说实话,如:You should always tell the truth.(你应该总是说实话。)
point out:指出;指明,如:Can you point out the mistakes in my composition (你能指出我作文中的错误吗?)
have a look:看一看,如:Let me have a look at your new book.(让我看看你的新书。)
right away:立刻;马上,如:I'll come right away.(我马上就来。)
make sure:确保;查明,如:Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave.(离开前确保你关掉了灯。)
wait for:等待,如:I'm waiting for my friend at the bus stop.(我正在公交车站等我的朋友。)
be busy doing sth.:忙于做某事,如:She is busy doing her homework.(她正忙于做作业。)
remember doing sth.:记得做过某事,如:I remember locking the door before I left.(我记得离开前锁了门。)
at that time:在那时,如:At that time, I was watching TV at home.(那时,我正在家里看电视。)
hear about/of:听说;得知,如:I heard about the accident on the radio.(我从收音机里听说了这起事故。)
the rest of:其余的;剩下的,如:I have eaten some apples, and the rest of them are for you.(我吃了一些苹果,剩下的是给你的。)
三、语法知识
过去进行时
构成:was/were + 动词的现在分词(v. -ing)。其中,was 用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he/she/it 等);were 用于第二人称单数和复数(you)以及第一、三人称复数(we/they)。
用法:表示在过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作。例如:I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night.(昨晚 8 点我正在做作业。)“at 8:00 last night” 是过去的具体时刻,强调在这个时间点 “做作业” 的动作正在进行。表示在过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作。例如:They were playing basketball from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon.(昨天下午 3 点到 5 点他们一直在打篮球。)“from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon” 是过去的一段时间,说明 “打篮球” 这个动作在这段时间内一直在持续。
与一般过去时的区别:一般过去时强调过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,动作往往已经完成;而过去进行时强调过去某个时间正在进行的动作。例如:He watched TV last night.(他昨晚看电视了。强调 “看电视” 这个动作发生过了);He was watching TV at 9:00 last night.(他昨晚 9 点正在看电视。强调在 9 点这个时刻 “看电视” 的动作正在进行)。
when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句
when 的用法:引导的从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。从句动作和主句动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。例如:When I got home, my mother was cooking.(当我到家时,妈妈正在做饭。“got home” 是非延续性动词,“was cooking” 是延续性动词,两个动作先后发生);When I was reading, my sister came in.(我正在看书的时候,妹妹进来了。“was reading” 和 “came in” 一个是延续性动作,一个是非延续性动作,同时发生)常用于句型:When + 一般过去时,主句(过去进行时);或主句(一般过去时)+ when + 一般过去时。
while 的用法:引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,强调主从句的动作同时发生,且持续进行。例如:While I was doing my homework, my father was watching TV.(我在做作业的时候,爸爸在看电视。“was doing” 和 “was watching” 都是延续性动词,两个动作同时进行)常用于句型:While + 过去进行时,主句(过去进行时)。
区别总结:when 更强调时间点,while 更强调时间段。在使用时,可根据动作的性质和时间特点来选择合适的引导词。
四、写作归纳
写作话题
自然灾害类:常描述如暴风雨、地震、洪水等自然灾害发生的过程和造成的影响。比如描述暴风雨,可运用 “rainstorm”“storm”“wind”“heavy rain”“heavily” 等单词和短语,像 “Last night, a terrible rainstorm hit our city. The wind was blowing heavily and the rain was beating against the windows.” 。
突发事件类:讲述像交通事故、火灾、恐怖袭击等突发事件,例如写交通事故,可提及 “accident”“happen”“terrible”“report” 等,如 “Yesterday, a serious traffic accident happened at the crossing. It was reported that several people were injured.” 。
回忆经历类:回忆过去某个特殊时刻自己正在做的事情,如回忆在某个节日时的活动,可运用 “at the time of”“remember”“celebrate” 等,如 “At the time of the Spring Festival, I remember my family was busy preparing delicious food and celebrating together.” 。
常用句型
开头引入:It was a/an...day when...(那是一个…… 的日子,当…… 的时候),如:It was a sunny day when I had an unforgettable experience.(那是一个阳光明媚的日子,我有了一次难忘的经历。)On...(date), something unexpected happened.(在……(日期),意想不到的事情发生了。),如:On May 1st, a fire broke out in the shopping mall.(5 月 1 日,一家购物中心发生了火灾。)Have you ever experienced... (你曾经经历过…… 吗?),如:Have you ever experienced a strong earthquake (你曾经经历过强烈地震吗?)
描述事件发生过程:While/When + 过去进行时,...(当…… 正在进行时,……),如:While I was walking on the street, I saw a car accident.(我正在街上走的时候,看到了一场车祸。)Suddenly,...(突然,……),如:Suddenly, the power went out and the whole room was in darkness.(突然,停电了,整个房间一片漆黑。)At first,...Then,...Finally,...(起初,…… 然后,…… 最后,……),如:At first, we didn't realize the seriousness of the situation. Then, we saw the flood coming towards us. Finally, we managed to escape with the help of the rescue team.(起初,我们没有意识到情况的严重性。然后,我们看到洪水向我们袭来。最后,在救援队的帮助下我们成功逃脱了。)
描述影响或感受:The...had a great/bad influence on...(…… 对…… 有很大 / 不好的影响),如:The earthquake had a bad influence on the local people's lives.(地震对当地人民的生活产生了不好的影响。)I was so...that...(我如此…… 以至于……),如:I was so scared that I couldn't move when I saw the snake.(我看到蛇的时候吓得动弹不得。)It made me feel...(这让我感觉……),如:The kind - hearted act of the stranger made me feel warm.(陌生人的善举让我感到温暖。)
结尾总结:From this experience, I learned that...(从这次经历中,我学到了……),如:From this experience, I learned that we should always be prepared for emergencies.(从这次经历中,我学到了我们应该随时为紧急情况做好准备。)In conclusion,...(总之,……),如:In conclusion, we should cherish every moment and help each other when facing difficulties.(总之,我们应该珍惜每一刻,在面对困难时互相帮助。)This event will always be in my memory.(这次事件将永远留在我的记忆中。)
写作思路
开头:运用开头引入句型,快速引出要描述的事件,吸引读者注意力。如写暴风雨经历,“It was a dark and windy night when a powerful rainstorm hit our town.” 。
中间:按照事件发生的先后顺序,详细描述事件过程,运用描述事件发生过程的句型,并结合具体细节,如天气、人物动作、心理等,使文章生动形象。同时,适当描述事件造成的影响或自己的感受,如 “While the rain was pouring down heavily, the streets were quickly flooded. I was worried about my family's safety.” 。
结尾:使用结尾总结句型,总结自己从事件中学到的经验教训或表达对事件的看法,升华主题。如 “From this rainstorm experience, I realized the importance of being united and helping each other in the face