2024届志存高远高考英语挑战模拟卷 【全国卷】
一、第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024·模拟） When does the rainy season start
A．In January. B．In February. C．In November.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's January, and it's been raining the whole month. How long does the rainy season last here
M: About four months. It begins in early November and lasts until February.
【分析】题意：雨季什么时候开始？根据男士的话" It begins in early November and lasts until February它从11月初开始，一直持续到2月"，可知雨季11月开始。故选C。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据" It begins in early November"可确定答案。
2．（2024·模拟） What's wrong with the man's food
A．It's hot. B．It's salty. C．It's tasteless.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Can you pass me the salt and pepper, please My food doesn't taste very good. It has no taste. How's yours
W: It's okay. It's just a little hot.
【分析】题意：男士的食物有什么问题？根据"My food doesn't taste very good. It has no taste.我的食物味道不太好。它没有味道"，可知男士的食物没有味道。故选C。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"It has no taste"可确定答案。
3．（2024·模拟） What is Jennifer learning in school now
A．To make sculptures.
B．To take pictures.
C．To draw.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you learning in school right now, Jennifer
W： We're learning to make sculptures, Dad! It's amazing. I can now make a beautiful sculpture out of nothing. Next, we will learn how to take good pictures. Then we will learn how to draw.
【分析】题意：Jennifer现在在学校学什么？根据女士的话" We're learning to make sculptures我们正在学习制作雕塑"，可知Jennifer正在学习制作雕塑。故选A。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"We're learning to make sculptures"可确定答案。
4．（2024·模拟） Which room has the man finished decorating
A．The living room. B．The bathroom. C．The kitchen.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you finished decorating your house yet
M: No, I've only just finished the bathroom. It's taken such a long time. I've still got the kitchen and the living room to do.
【分析】题意：男士装修完了哪个房间？根据"I've only just finished the bathroom我刚装修完浴室"，可知男士刚装修完浴室。故选B。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"I've only just finished the bathroom"可确定答案。
5．（2024·模拟） Where are the speakers
A．At a hospital. B．In a classroom. C．At a ball field.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What happened to you, young man Why are you in the hospital
M: I broke my leg while playing football at school. My friend kicked me instead of the ball. It hurts a lot! I hope you can fix it.
【分析】题意：说话者在哪里？根据"What happened to you, young man Why are you in the hospital 你怎么了，年轻人？你为什么在医院"，可知说话者在医院。故答案为A。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"Why are you in the hospital "可确定答案。
二、第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
6． Where does Sam suggest going
A．To a theater.
B．To a restaurant.
C．To a coffee shop.
7． How does Rita feel about the plan
A．Excited. B．Indifferent. C．Disappointed.
【答案】6．A
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Will you go out with me this weekend, Rita We can do anything you like.
W: I would love to, Sam! Can we go to dinner I've always wanted to eat at the new restaurant in town.
M: Sure! Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies.
W: Okay. Then we could get coffee after the movie and talk about it if we're not ready to go home. That sounds like an amazing night!
【分析】大意：Sam和Rita讨论周末的活动安排。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"go to a movie"和"an amazing night"可确定答案。
6．题意：山姆建议去哪里？根据男士的话"Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies晚饭后我们应该去看电影。我喜欢看电影"，结合选项，可知Sam建议去影院。故选A。
7．题意：丽塔觉得这个计划怎么样？根据"That sounds like an amazing night听起来真是个美妙的夜晚"，可知Rita对于这个计划感到兴奋。故选A。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
8．What will Clark help Annie do
A．Clean her apartment.
B．Water her plants.
C．Feed her dog.
9．When will Clark go to Annie's house
A．On Monday. B．On Thursday. C．On Friday.
【答案】8．B
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Clark. I need your help. I am traveling to Amsterdam for work next week, and I need someone to watch my apartment. Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat I would really appreciate it!
M: No problem, Annie. I'll do it. When do you leave London and when will you return
W: I am flying out of London Heathrow Airport on Monday and will arrive home on Friday. So I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday. I will pay you fifty dollars.
M: That sounds great! I will be there.
【分析】大意：Annie请求Clark帮助给家里的植物浇水和喂猫的时间安排。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"water my plants and feed my cat"和"I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday"可确定答案。
8．题意：Clark会帮安妮做什么？根据女士的话"Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat I would really appreciate it!你能去给我的植物浇水，喂我的猫吗？我真的很感激"，可知Clark会帮助Annie浇植物。故选B。
9．题意：Clark什么时候去安妮家？根据女士的话"I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday我需要你从周二到周四来我的公寓 "，可知Clark周四去Annie家。故选B。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
10． What was the program mainly about
A．Horses and wars.
B．Different uses of horses.
C．Horses from different countries.
11．What seems to surprise the man
A．People use horses for fun.
B．Horse races take place everywhere.
C．Horses are still used for hard labor.
12．What will the woman do this weekend
A．Work on a farm. B．Attend a wedding. C．Go horse riding.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What were you doing when I called you last night
W: I was watching a TV program. It was about how people use horses for various purposes.
M: Oh, I love horses. I think they are very useful.
W: Yeah. People use them for sports and entertainment, and horse races take place in many countries.
M: What else can horses help people do Did the program tell you about that
W: Yes. The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work.
M: Really What a hard job! By the way, can you ride a horse
W: Yes, I can. But I don't ride regularly. How about you
M: I can ride, too. Perhaps we can go horse riding together this weekend.
W： I'd love to, but John has invited me to his wedding. How about next weekend
【分析】大意：主要谈论了马的不同用处。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"about how people use horses for various purposes"、"horses are still used in some countries to do farm work"和"John has invited me to his wedding"可确定答案。
10．题意：节目的主要内容是什么？根据"It was about how people use horses for various purposes它是关于人们如何利用马来达到各种目的"，可知节目主要是关于马的不同用处。故选B。
11．题意：什么似乎让这个男人感到惊讶？根据"The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work该计划还指出，在一些国家，马仍然被用来做农活"和"Really What a hard job!真的吗 多么辛苦的工作啊"，可知男士惊讶的是马仍然被用来做重活。故选C。
12．题意：这位女士这个周末要做什么？根据女士的话" I'd love to, but John has invited me to his wedding我很想去，但是约翰邀请我参加他的婚礼"，可知女士这个周末要去参加John的婚礼。故选B。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
13． What might the woman do
A．She's a diver.
B．She's a lifeguard.
C．She's a swimming instructor.
14．Who called the ambulance
A．The woman.
B．One of the students.
C．The man's colleague.
15．When did the ambulance arrive
A．Immediately.
B．Ten minutes later.
C．Twenty minutes later.
16． How did the girl react when she awoke
A．She cried.
B．She went back in the pool.
C．She didn't know what happened.
【答案】13．B
14．B
15．C
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I saw you on the news! You're a hero! Come on, tell me all the details.
W: Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end.
M: Go on...
W: I guess one of the students hit their head on the diving board, because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool.
M: So, what did you do next
W: I jumped in the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young girl, and she had swallowed a lot of water.
M: Wow. Did you give her mouth-to-mouth
W: Of course. Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance.
M: Quick thinking!
W: The girl coughed the water up almost immediately, and just like that, it was over. We cleaned the wound and bandaged it up, and the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later.
M: How was she
W: She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didn't even know why her parents were crying.
M: She must have been in shock.
【分析】大意：主要还原了女士急救溺水女孩的过程。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据" I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do"、"I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance"、"the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later"和"She had no memory of the past ten minutes"可确定答案。
13．题意：女士是做什么的？根据"Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end我坐在椅子上看泳池，我一直都是这样。有一群孩子在深水区上潜水课"，结合选项，可知女士是一名保卫人员。故选B。
14．题意：谁叫的救护车？根据女士的话" Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance然后我让一个孩子叫救护车"，可知是一名学生拨打的120急救电话。故选B。
15．题意：救护车什么时候到的？根据" the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later急救人员20分钟后赶到"，可知救护车20分钟后到的。故选C。
16．题意：那女孩醒来时是什么反应？根据"She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didn't even know why her parents were crying她不记得过去十分钟的事了。她想回到泳池里。她甚至不知道她的父母为什么哭"，可知女孩不知道发生了什么。故选C。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
17．Who are the announcements for
A．The manager. B．The employees C．The customers.
18． What time does the store usually close
A．At five o'clock. B．At eight o'clock. C．At ten o'clock.
19．What item is free for another one if you buy one
A．Women's dresses. B．Men's suits. C．Shoes.
20．What does the speaker suggest people do in the end
A．Go to a cafe.
B．Leave the shop early.
C．Buy some music CDs.
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．C
20．A
【知识点】时文广告类；独白；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【听力原文】Hello, shoppers! This is the store manager. I have some special announcements for the holidays. The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock. We will also be closed all day on Friday and Saturday. We want our employees to be able to enjoy the holidays with their families. The good news is that we are having a huge sale all week! The regular price of all women's and children's clothes is decreased by ten dollars. The regular price of all men's suits is decreased by fifty dollars. If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free. You should buy something today to use these sale prices. The sale won't last long! It only happens this week. While you're here, enjoy the music and stop by the store cafe for some coffee. Have fun shopping! And thank you for being our customers. Happy holidays!
【分析】大意：广播主要向顾客介绍了商店的基本情况——关闭时间的调整和价格的变化。
【点评】考查听力独白。根据Hello, shoppers!"、"The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock"、 "If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free"和"stop by the store cafe for some coffee"可确定答案。
17．题意：广播是给谁的？根据广播的称呼"Hello, shoppers!你好,顾客"，结合选项，可知广播是给顾客的。故选C。
18．题意：商店通常什么时候关门？根据"The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock这家商店这周每天都要提早打烊，从8点改到5点"，可知往常商店是8点钟关门的。故选B。
19．题意：什么东西如果你买了一件，另一件是免费的？根据" If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free如果你买一双鞋，你会得到另一双免费的"，可知买一送一的是鞋。故选C。
20．题意：说话者最后建议人们做什么？根据" While you're here, enjoy the music and stop by the store cafe for some coffee当你在这里的时候，欣赏音乐，顺便去店里的咖啡馆喝杯咖啡"，可知说话者最后建议人们去咖啡厅。故选A。
三、第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Memorial Day is a time that many associate with a slower pace affording, maybe, a little more free time to read. We asked some of our regular book reviewers what titles they are most looking forward to reading this summer. Here's what they said.
The Wind Knows My Name by Isabel Allende When I learned that the novel has Nogales, Arizona, where I was born, as its backdrop, I put it on the top of my reading list. It shapes romanticism around social political history. I'm extremely eager to find what she discovers in our borderlands. —Marcela Davison Avilés Time's Mouth by Edan Lepucki Time's Mouth is a story by The New York Times bestselling author Edan Lepucki, about mothers, memories, what we inherit(继承) and what we choose to keep. It's set in the New Age world of California featuring time travel, life force and psychoanalysis. —Lily Meyer
Family Lore by Elizabeth Acevedo Elizabeth Acevedo has won the book world's most desired prizes, including the National Book Award and Carnegie Medal for The Poet X. Family Lore, her first novel for adults, is an American drama and one of her most personal creations—inspired in part by her eight aunts and interest in how culture and traditions are made. —Carole Bell Witness by Jamel Brinkley Jamel Brinkley's first publication, A Lucky Man, was one of the best books of 2018, which looks at family, identity and desire. His follow-up collection contains stories about people who choose to speak on behalf of others. Brinkley is extremely talented, making this one of the year's most desired works of American fiction. —Michael Schaub
21． Why does Avilés choose The Wind Knous My Name
A．It has a bond with her.
B．It is based on a true story.
C．It evaluates social politics.
D．It tells the history of Nogales.
22．Whose work is partly inspired by relatives
A．Isabel Allende's. B．Edan Lepucki's.
C．Elizabeth Acevedo's. D．Jamel Brinkley's.
23．What do we know about Witness
A．It is the best book of the year.
B．It is Brinkley's second book.
C．It mainly talks about modern life.
D．It contains many family stories.
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；文学艺术类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书评人期待的书。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题这种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
21．细节理解题。根据第一框格中的"When I learned that the novel has Nogales, Arizona, where I was born, as its backdrop, I put it on the top of my reading list当我得知这本小说以我出生的亚利桑那州诺加利斯为背景时，我把它放在了阅读清单的首位"，可知Avilés选择The Wind Knous My Name这本书的原因是这本书和Avilés有关联。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第三框格中的标题"Family Love by Elizabeth Acevedo伊丽莎白·阿塞韦多的《家庭之爱》"和"Family Lore, her first novel for adults, is an American drama and one of her most personal creations—inspired in part by her eight aunts and interest in how culture and traditions are made《家庭之爱》是她的第一部成人小说，是一部美国戏剧，也是她最个人的创作之一——部分灵感来自她的八个姑姑，以及她对文化和传统如何形成的兴趣"，可知Elizabeth Acevedo's的作品部分是受到亲戚的启发。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第四框格中的"Jamel Brinkley's first publication, A Lucky Man, was one of the best books of 2018, which looks at family, identity and desire. His follow-up collection contains stories about people who choose to speak on behalf of others. Brinkley is extremely talented, making this one of the year's most desired works of American fiction贾梅尔·布林克利的第一本出版物《幸运的人》是2018年最好的书之一，它关注家庭、身份和欲望。他的后续作品集包含了那些选择代表他人发言的人的故事。布林克利才华横溢，使这本书成为今年最受欢迎的美国小说之一"，可知Witness是 Brinkley的第二本书。故选B。
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The automobile industry is spending billions on self-driving cars, but what if we quite like driving
One holiday a few years ago, I spent hours being transported on trains, buses and planes. I read a novel for a while, then stared out the window, in a black mood. I was turned into goods, being shifted from one location to another. Then, finally, came the exciting section of the holiday when I hired a car.
My wife Jocasta and I followed the positioning system, turning right, then right again, and found ourselves in a small town. I spoke to the positioning system, "We don't want to be here; we want the highway." Then it instructed me to turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrowed. The walls were so close that I had to hold my breath.
Another car appeared, coming towards us from the opposite direction. The driver signaled, telling me I had to make way. But how I didn't have the courage to back up along the impossibly narrow passage. Soon some locals came to help. One lady stood at the back of the vehicle, waving me on. She continued making "this way, this way" movements with her arms. In an act of blind trust, instructions, creeping (小心行进) backwards and forwards. Remarkably, it worked. I completed my turn into the side street. The other car passed and the driver gave me a grateful wave. Then I followed the lady's suggestion and—finally—saw the highway.
My hands were shaking. I breathed in and out. Jocasta turned to me. "You're my hero, "she said. I looked at her, expecting a shadow of a teasing (嘲笑的) smile, but can find none. "You're my hero," she repeated. "I mean it. You did a really good job." Finally, I managed to steady my nerves. Then we set off again and the car sped smoothly away. Who would exchange all this for a self-driving car
24．What made the author unhappy according to paragraph 2
A．The boredom of a long journey.
B．The disconnection from driving.
C．The constant shift in transportation.
D．The long distance from the destination.
25． Why did the author drive into the narrow passage
A．He wanted to take a shortcut.
B．He intended to thank the locals for help.
C．He had to turn to avoid another car.
D．He was misdirected by the guidance system.
26． What can be inferred about the author and his wife from the last paragraph
A．His wife used to laugh at him.
B．He became more skilled at driving.
C．His wife tried to encourage and calm him.
D．He misunderstood his wife throughout.
27． Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Hero Behind the Wheel
B．An Adventurous Automobile Trip
C．A Lover of Self-drive Tours
D．An Unexpected Technological Problem
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和妻子在度假时租了一辆车，但汽车导航把车引入了一个很狭窄的过道里，在一位女士的帮助下作者才顺利把车倒了出来，作者还收获了妻子的称赞。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"I read a novel for a while, then stared out the window, in a black mood. I was turned into goods, being shifted from one location to another. Then, finally, came the exciting section of the holiday when I hired a car我看了一会儿小说，然后望着窗外，心情很不好。我变成了货物，被从一个地方转移到另一个地方。然后，最后，当我租了一辆车时，假期的激动人心的部分到来了"，可知让作者不高兴的是与驾驶的脱节。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"My wife Jocasta and I followed the positioning system, turning right, then right again, and found ourselves in a small town. I spoke to the positioning system, "We don't want to be here; we want the highway." Then it instructed me to turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrowed我和妻子约卡斯塔（Jocasta）沿着定位系统向右拐，然后又向右拐，来到了一个小镇。我对定位系统说："我们不想待在这里；我们想要高速公路。"然后它指示我一次又一次地向右转。每拐一个弯，街道就变得狭窄"，可知作者受到导航系统的误导，把车开进了狭窄的通道。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据"‘You're my hero, 'she said. I looked at her, expecting a shadow of a teasing (嘲笑的) smile, but can find none. ‘You're my hero,'she repeated. ‘I mean it. You did a really good job.'‘你是我的英雄，'她说。我看着她，期待着她会露出一丝逗趣的微笑，可是什么也没有看到。‘你是我的英雄，'她重复道。‘我是说真的。你做得很好'"，可知作者妻子试图鼓励他，使他平静下来。故选C。
27．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者驾车旅游时在导航的指引下驶入了一条狭窄的通道，最后在当地人的帮助下成功倒车出来并收获了妻子的称赞。结合最后一段中妻子的话"You‘re my hero(你是我的英雄)"，可知作者成功克服了困难，妻子对他进行赞扬，A项"开车的英雄"既是对作者成功解决困难的肯定，也与妻子称赞他为英雄的内容相照应。故A项作文章标题最佳。故选A。
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
You've heard the phrase "home for the holidays", but I would like to introduce a new phrase: hygge for the holidays. A hygge holiday is all about peaceful, quiet and cozy (温暖舒适的) surroundings. Sounds perfect, doesn't it Holiday hygge is easy and comforting. Most people are already doing at least some of these simple hygge holidays without even knowing it.
Hygge is a Danish word originally coming from an old Norwegian word meaning well-being and protection from the outside harm. It's known that winters in Denmark are severe and last long. The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love.
Hygge is a very important word to Danish people, often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing, something you can buy, but rather more of something you feel. Hygge really is a reflection of one aspect of Danish living, and, happily, in the last five years the concept of hygge has made its way to the US and many other countries. I mean what's not to like about nurturing (培育) peace and quiet and coziness
Here are some more descriptive words for hygge: comfort, familiarity, friendship, laughter, and even seasonal homemade food and drinks. While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities—an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge, it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one's spirits during dark winter months.
Hygge is the most suitable for the November and December holiday season because it's all about peaceful and cozy surroundings that fill you with contentment. There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season.
28．Why do Danish people choose a hygge holiday
A．To deal with cold and long winters.
B．To follow the latest holiday trend.
C．To fight against nature physically.
D．To spend more time with their family.
29．How does the author find hygge
A．It reflects Danish living totally.
B．It is mainly about some feeling.
C．It is limited to Denmark and the US.
D．It represents ancient Danish culture.
30． What message is conveyed in paragraph 4
A．People do hygge in more ways.
B．Hygge is preferred in summertime.
C．Hygge is still perfect for winter.
D．People access hygge in certain time.
31．What might the author go on to talk about
A．Ways of hygge celebrations.
B．Tips on achieving hygge.
C．Different opinions about hygge.
D．Benefits of bringing hygge into home.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了hygge的起源和内涵。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love丹麦人用hygge这个概念来让自己在黑暗的冬季保持积极的心态，让他们的家充满舒适和爱"，可知丹麦人选择hygge假期是为了应对寒冷和漫长的冬天。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Hygge is a very important word to Danish people, often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing, something you can buy, but rather more of something you feelHygge对丹麦人来说是一个非常重要的词，经常用来描述他们的文化，它不一定是一件东西，你可以买到的东西，更多的是你感受到的东西"，可知 作者发现hygge主要是关于一些感觉。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities—an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge, it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one's spirits during dark winter months虽然在一年中的任何时候都可以通过hygge活动来实现hygge——和朋友一起户外烧烤，和家人在星空下看电影都是夏季hygge的好例子，但它通常与寒冷的月份联系在一起，因为它能够在黑暗的冬季提振一个人的精神"，可知Hygge仍然很适合冬天。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句话"There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season在这个季节，你确实可以做一些事情来给家里带来节日的舒适"，可知作者可能记叙介绍进行hygge的小贴士。故选B。
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Deforestation in tropical(热带的) regions of Asia, Africa and the Americas has reduced the cooling effects of trees. "The temperature change associated with deforestation over the 15-year study period is equal to a century of global warming, happening almost instantly, at these locations," says Luke Parsons at Duke University in North Carolina.
Now, by using data from population surveys and mapping tree cover loss over a 15-year period, Parsons and his colleagues have estimated the effect of deforestation on outdoor workers across 41 countries. He says climate change has already pushed tropical locations right to the edge of what would be considered safe for heavy outdoor labour and that deforestation causes those locations to be even more precarious.
Parsons and his colleagues used land surface temperature measurements from satellites, and collected humidity(湿度) data, to estimate how hot an average day felt to outdoor workers in regions which either lost or maintained tree cover between 2003 and 2018. "The study focuses on what you would think of as a 'feels-like' temperature. It takes into account how well you can cool yourself by sweating, which is affected by humidity, as well as the temperature," says Parsons.
The researchers then turned to population surveys to estimate the number of outdoor workers in these areas. This revealed that some 2.5 million outdoor workers in Asia lost at least half an hour of safe work per day, between 2003 and 2018, due to increased temperatures in deforested regions. Nearly 200,000 outdoor workers in the Americas and some 31,000 people in Africa lost this amount of safe work time each day. Regions that maintained forest cover generally stayed cool, and less work time was lost.
It is important to remember that, due to the scale(规模) of the study, the team didn't measure actual worker hours on the ground across the entire tropics, says Parsons. This means the assessment of lost worker hours is based on theoretical considerations rather than direct observations of behaviour.
32．Why does Parsons make a comparison at the beginning
A．To explain the causes of global warming.
B．To state the challenges of tropical regions.
C．To show the consequence of deforestation.
D．To emphasize the high rate of deforestation.
33．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word "precarious" in paragraph 2
A．Poor. B．Unsafe. C．Destructive. D．Inaccessible.
34． What did the researchers find about deforestation
A．It hit places in Asia the hardest.
B．It was more common in tropical areas.
C．It affected daily lives severely.
D．It decreased safe outdoor working hours.
35．What is the limitation of the study
A．It is just proven true in theory.
B．It ignores regional variations.
C．It lacks systematic assessment.
D．It is based on a random sample.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．D
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了滥伐森林导致全球气温上升，造成户外工作者的安全工作时间被缩短。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推理题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Deforestation in tropical (热带的) regions of Asia, Africa and the Americas has reduced the cooling effects of trees 亚洲、非洲和美洲热带地区的森林砍伐降低了树木的降温效果 "以及Luke Parsons所说"The temperature change associated with deforestation over the 15-year study period is equal to a century of global warming, happening almost instantly, at these locations 在15年的研究期间，与森林砍伐相关的温度变化相当于一个世纪的全球变暖，在这些地方几乎是瞬间发生的 "，可知Parsons一开始就做了比较是为了表明森林砍伐的后果。故选C。
33．词句猜测题。划线词句前文"Now, by using data from population surveys and mapping tree cover loss over a 15-year period, Parsons and his colleagues have estimated the effect of deforestation on outdoor workers across 41 countries 现在，Parsons和他的同事们利用人口调查数据和15年来树木覆盖损失的地图，估计了森林砍伐对41个国家户外工作者的影响 "说明森林砍伐对户外工作者造成不良影响，结合划线词句"He says climate change has already pushed tropical locations right to the edge of what would be considered safe for heavy outdoor labour and that deforestation causes those locations to be even more precarious 他说，气候变化已经将热带地区推向了繁重户外劳动的安全边缘，而森林砍伐导致这些地区更加precarious "，推知划线单词意思是"不安全的"。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中"This revealed that some 2.5 million outdoor workers in Asia lost at least half an hour of safe work per day, between 2003 and 2018, due to increased temperatures in deforested regions. Nearly 200,000 outdoor workers in the Americas and some 31,000 people in Africa lost this amount of safe work time each day 该研究显示，2003年至2018年期间，由于森林砍伐地区气温升高，亚洲约250万户外工作者每天至少失去半小时的安全工作时间。美洲近20万户外工作者和非洲约3.1万人每天失去了这么多安全工作时间 "，可知研究人员发现森林砍伐造成安全的户外工作时间减少。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中"It is important to remember that, due to the scale (规模) of the study, the team didn't measure actual worker hours on the ground across the entire tropics, says Parsons. This means the assessment of lost worker hours is based on theoretical considerations rather than direct observations of behaviour Parsons说，重要的是要记住，由于研究的规模，研究小组并没有测量整个热带地区地面上的实际工作时间。这意味着对工人损失工时的评估是基于理论考虑，而不是对行为的直接观察 "，可知本研究的局限性是只在理论上被证明是正确的。故选A。
四、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2024·模拟）任务型阅读
The Hanfu, cheongsam (or qipao), Tang suit, and Zhongshan suit are the four most distinctive types of traditional Chinese clothing.
The Hanfu is one of China's oldest traditional clothes, dating back over 3,000 years. 36． Until the Han Dynasty, the Hanfu was adopted and strongly promoted. It then became the national clothing of the Han ethnic(民族的) people. It also had a far-reaching influence on neighboring Asian countries. Nowadays, the clothing gains in popularity again especially on special occasions.
The cheongsam originated in the Qing Dynasty. It has mainly developed into Beijing styles, Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles. 37． Beijing styles are more traditional and conservative and brighter. More Western elements are used in the designs and colors of Shanghai styles. Hong Kong styles have shorter sleeves and are always decorated in a simpler way.
The Tang suit, in many cases, refers to a type of Chinese jacket rather than the clothing of the Tang Dynasty. 38． As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being powerful in the world, foreigners called the Chinese people living abroad "the Tang people" and their clothes "Tang suits". Traditional Tang suits usually have Chinese characters on them to express good luck or best wishes.
39． Nowadays, Tang suits are a kind of formal dress worn on special occasions like Chinese New Year.
First advocated by Sun Yat-sen, the Zhongshan suit, also known as the Mao suit, is a type of men's jacket. They can be worn on formal and casual occasions because of their symmetrical(对称的) shape, general appearance, elegance, and stable impression. The colors of Zhongshan suits are various, but usually plain, including black, white, blue, and grey. 40． .
A. This name came from overseas.
B. The most popular ones include fu and shou.
C. Almost every dynasty had its own unique clothes.
D. Wearers choose different colors for different situations.
E. It was constantly improved throughout several dynasties.
F. It combines traditional Chinese and Western clothing styles.
G. There are many differences in decorations, colors and designs.
【答案】36．E；37．G；38．A；39．B；40．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了我国的四大传统服饰。
A. 这个名字来自海外。
B. 最受欢迎的有"福"和"寿"。
C. 几乎每个朝代都有自己独特的服装。
D. 佩戴者在不同的场合选择不同的颜色。
E. 经过几个朝代的不断改进。
F. 它结合了中国传统和西方的服装风格。
G. 在装饰、颜色和设计上有很多不同。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
36．根据空格后句"Until the Han Dynasty, the Hanfu was adopted and strongly promoted直到汉代，汉服才被采用并得到大力推广"，可知空格处应是提到了汉代之前的汉服演变，选项E" It was constantly improved throughout several dynasties经过几个朝代的不断改进"符合上下文意思。故选E。
37．根据空格后句"Beijing styles are more traditional and conservative and brighter. More Western elements are used in the designs and colors of Shanghai styles. Hong Kong styles have shorter sleeves and are always decorated in a simpler way北京的风格更传统、保守、明亮。在上海风格的设计和色彩中使用了更多的西方元素。港式服装的袖子较短，装饰也比较简单"，可知此处介绍的是旗袍的装饰、颜色和设计上，这与选项G"There are many differences in decorations, colors and designs在装饰、颜色和设计上有很多不同"符合上下文意思。故选G。
38．根据下句"As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being powerful in the world, foreigners called the Chinese people living abroad "the Tang people" and their clothes ‘Tang suits'由于唐朝在世界上以强大而闻名，外国人把居住在国外的中国人称为"唐人"，把他们的衣服称为‘唐装'"，可知此处介绍的是"唐装"这一名称的由来。这与选项A" This name came from overseas这个名字来自海外"相一致。故选A。
39．根据上句"Traditional Tang suits usually have Chinese characters on them to express good luck or best wishes传统的唐装上通常有汉字来表达好运或最美好的祝愿"，可知此处介绍的是唐装上的汉字，这与选项B"The most popular ones include fu and shou最受欢迎的有‘福'和‘寿'"意思一致。故选B。
40．根据上句"The colors of Zhongshan suits are various, but usually plain, including black, white, blue, and grey中山装的颜色多种多样，但通常很朴素，有黑色、白色、蓝色和灰色"，可知此处讲的是中山装的颜色，这与选项" Wearers choose different colors for different situations佩戴者在不同的场合选择不同的颜色"意思连贯。故选D。
五、第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shayden, 11 years old, approached his neighbor's house and asked for using the family's front door security camera to shoot a video. Shayden's going to the Rays' house was 41． by his strong need for new friends. He expressed his 42． for companionship in the video, 43． seeking out native children around 11 or 12.
However, when his neighbor Brennan Ray 44． some kids nearby, Shayden explained that he felt he was 45． by them as they always stopped him entering their activities. After their brief 46． , Brennan was moved by Shayden's desire and decided to 47． the video online to reach out to Shayden and help him gain 48． .
Shayden had difficulties establishing connections with others due to many kinds of mental illness. In the comments, Brennan highlighted the importance of having conversations with others in 49． the challenges they may be facing. He described Shayden as a well-mannered, 50． , and brave young man and 51． the online community to help Shayden find new friends. "I figured I could post it, and some 52． people would see it and help me contact them," he said. However, the video was beyond his expectations, receiving nearly 70 million 53． and gaining widespread attention.
After Shayden's recent 54． to the Rays' house and getting the 55． support from countless compassionate (富有同情心的) individuals, Shayden now feels a sense of 56． . His seeking of companionship has already made him 57． new friendships and even connected him with people worldwide. Brennan's action has 58． support for Shayden, and conveyed a powerful message of 59． . He stresses the necessity of giving everyone a chance, as one can hardly 60． the internal battles the other people may face.
41．A． driven B． guaranteed C． greeted D． marked
42．A． excuse B． respect C． search D． reason
43．A． extremely B． specifically C． probably D． presently
44．A． welcomed B． treated C． mentioned D． called
45．A． misnamed B． distrusted C． misled D． disliked
46．A． discussion B． argument C． introduction D． survey
47．A． enjoy B． change C． share D． update
48．A． confidence B． interest
C． popularity D． encouragement
49．A． watching B． understanding
C． handling D． fighting
50．A． gentle B． poor C． shy D． perfect
51．A． referred to B． answered for
C． appealed to D． applied for
52．A． famous B． free C． lovely D． local
53．A． views B． questions C． promises D． donations
54．A． admission B． visit C． access D． exposure
55．A． unusual B． qualified C． overseas D． unbelievable
56．A． pride B． achievement C． relief D． positivity
57．A． preserve B． form C． desire D． settle
58．A． generated B． confirmed C． strengthened D． faced
59．A． sympathy B． acceptance C． optimism D． hope
60．A． prove B． witness C． picture D． overcome
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．B；44．C；45．D；46．A；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．C；52．D；53．A；54．B；55．D；56．D；57．B；58．A；59．B；60．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了11岁的谢登走到邻居家，要求用邻居家前门的监控摄像头拍一段视频，起因是他想要交朋友，而附近的孩子都不喜欢他。于是邻居在网上分享了拍摄的视频，来帮助谢登，最后谢登得到了许多人的支持。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意：谢登去雷一家的房子是因为他非常需要新朋友。A. driven驱使；B. guaranteed保证；C. greeted问候；D. marked标记。根据后文"by his strong need for new friends"可知，去雷一家的房子是受到需要新朋友的欲望驱动，故选A。
42．句意：他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。A. excuse原谅；B. respect尊重；C. search搜索，寻找；D. reason理由。根据后文"seeking out native children around 11 or 12"可知，他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，故选C。
43．句意：他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。A. extremely非常；B. specifically特别；C. probably可能；D. presently现在。根据后文"seeking out native children around 11 or 12"可知，他寻找伴侣，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。故选B。
44．句意：然而，当他的邻居布伦南·雷提到附近的一些孩子时，谢登解释说，他觉得他们不喜欢他，因为他们总是阻止他参加他们的活动。A. welcomed欢迎；B. treated对待；C. mentioned提及；D. called打电话。根据后文"some kids nearby"可知，指布伦南提到了附近的一些孩子，故选C。
45．句意：然而，当他的邻居布伦南·雷提到附近的一些孩子时，谢登解释说，他觉得他们不喜欢他，因为他们总是阻止他参加他们的活动。A. misnamed误称；B. distrusted怀疑；C. misled误导；D. disliked不喜欢。根据后文"they always stopped him entering their activities"可知附近的孩子不喜欢沙登，总是阻止他参加他们的活动。故选D。
46．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. discussion讨论；B. argument争论；C. introduction介绍；D. survey调查表。根据后文"Brennan was moved by Shayden's desire"指经过讨论布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，故选A。
47．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. enjoy欣赏；B. change改变；C. share分享；D. update更新。根据后文"the video online to reach out to Shayden"可知，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，故选C。
48．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. confidence会议；B. interest兴趣；C. popularity流行；D. encouragement鼓励。根据下文"He described Shayden as a well-mannered, 10, and brave young man and 11the online community to help Shayden find new friends"，可知布伦南对谢登进行了表扬和鼓励。故选D。
49．句意：在评论中，布伦南强调了与其他人交谈以理解他们可能面临的挑战的重要性。A. watching观看；B. understanding理解；C. handling递给；D. fighting战斗。根据上文"Brennan highlighted the importance of having conversations with others in"可知与他人交谈可以理解他们可能面临的挑战。故选B。
50．句意：他形容谢登是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人，并呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。A. gentle温柔的；B. poor贫穷的；C. shy害羞的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文"well-mannered"可知，此处在形容谢登的性格，说他是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人。故选A。
51．句意：他形容谢登是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人，并呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。A. referred to查阅；B. answered for对……负责；C. appealed to吸引，呼吁；D. applied for申请。根据后文"he online community to help Shayden find new friends"可知，布伦南呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。故选C。
52．句意：他说："我想我可以把它贴出来，一些当地人会看到它，帮我联系他们。"A. famous出名的；B. free自由的；C. lovely可爱的；D. local当地的。根据后文"people would see it and help me contact them"可知要交朋友是希望当地人看到，故选D。
53．句意：然而，这段视频却出乎他的意料，获得了近7000万的点击量，引起了广泛的关注。A. views观点，观看；B. questions问题；C. promises承诺；D. donations捐赠。根据上文"However, the video was beyond his expectations, receiving nearly 70 million"指视频获得了近7000万的点击量，故选A。
54．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. admission承认；B. visit拜访；C. access入口；D. exposure暴露。呼应上文"Shayden's going to the Rays' house"指谢登拜访雷一家。故选B。
55．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. unusual不寻常的；B. qualified有资格的；C. overseas海外的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据后文"support from countless compassionate individuals"可知，谢登得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持。故选D。
56．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. pride骄傲；B. achievement成就；C. relief安慰；D. positivity积极。根据上文"support from countless compassionate individuals"可知，谢登等到了他人的支持，应该是感觉积极。故选D。
57．句意：他对陪伴的追求已经让他结交了新的朋友，甚至把他和世界各地的人联系在一起。A. preserve保护；B. form形成；C. desire渴望；D. settle解决。根据"and even connected him with people worldwide甚至把他和世界各地的人联系在一起"，结合选项，可知此处表示结交新朋友，形成新友谊。故选B。
58．句意：布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持，并传达了一个强有力的接受信息。A. generated产生，引发；B. confirmed证实；C. strengthened加强；D. faced面对。根据空后的" support for Shayden"，结合空前内容与选项，可知此处表示"布伦南的行动引发了谢登的支持"。故选A。
59．句意：布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持，并传达了一个强有力的接受信息。A. sympathy同情；B. acceptance接受；C.optimism乐观主义；D. hope希望。根据前半句"Brennan's action has generated support for Shayden布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持"，可知此处表示"布伦南的行动传达了一个强有力的接受信息"，即"被接受"。故选B。
60．句意：他强调给每个人机会的必要性，因为人们很难想象其他人可能面临的内部斗争。A. prove证明；B. witness见证；C. picture勾画；D. overcome克服。故选C。根据前半句"He stresses the necessity of giving everyone a chance他强调给每个人机会的必要性"，结合选项，可知此处表示"人们很难勾画出其他人可能面临的内部斗争"。故选C。
六、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China made public recently specific designs for its manned lunar mission, which 61． (schedule) to be achieved before the end of this decade. The plan is to launch two Long March 10 carrier rockets from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province to transport a lunar landing module(舱) and 62． manned spacecraft to lunar orbit. When 63． (land) on the moon, the astronauts will drive a rover(探月车) to carry out scientific tasks and collect samples.
64． (design) and engineers are developing the Long March 10 carrier rocket to achieve this goal. The manned spacecraft for the mission is also 65． the middle of its research and development stage. In the long term, China intends to construct a lunar scientific outpost to conduct extended explorations and technology demonstration operations.
The moon is the 66． (near) extraterrestrial body(地外天体) that humans can reach 67． (base) on current technologies. Manned missions to the moon will be a realistic 68． practical step to start with for expanding our exploration of deep space. Meanwhile, it is 69． (scientific) meaningful for us to continue to explore the moon. That is 70． it will help scientists better understand the origin and the evolution of the solar system as well as the composition of planets.
【答案】61．is scheduled；62．a；63．landing；64．Designers；65．in；66．nearest；67．based；68．and；69．scientifically；70．because
【知识点】科普类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。最近中国公布了载人登月任务的具体设计方案，计划在十年末之前完成。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及被动语态、冠词、非谓语动词、名词、介词、形容词最高级、连词、连词、副词和状语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：中国最近公布了其载人探月任务的具体设计，计划在本十年末之前实现。be scheduled to do sth是固定短语，意"按计划做某事"，在句中表示"按计划计划将在本十年末之前实现"，所以应使用被动语态；结合which指代的单数名词性短语 its manned lunar mission，可知此处表示将来的动作，应使用一般现在时态单三形式。故填is scheduled。
62．句意：该计划是在海南省文昌航天器发射场发射两枚长征10号运载火箭，将一个月球登陆舱和一个载人飞船运送到月球轨道。spacecraft是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且manned是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
63．句意：登陆月球后，宇航员将驾驶月球车执行科学任务并收集样本。状语从句的省略结构当中，所给词land与句子主语是主谓关系，所以应使用V-ing形式。故填landing。
64．句意：设计师和工程师正在开发长征10号运载火箭来实现这一目标。根据空后的"and engineers"，可知空格处表示"设计师"；空前无限定词，应使用复数形式；句首单词应大写首字母。故填Designers。
65．句意：执行任务的载人飞船也处于研发阶段。in the middle of是固定短语，意"处于……过程中"。故填in。
66．句意：月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体。空前有the，且根据语境"月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体"，可知此处应使用形容词最高级。故填nearest。
67．句意：月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体。be based on是固定短语，意"以……为基础"，为过去分词短语作状语。故填based。
68．句意：载人登月任务将是扩大我们对深空探索的一个现实和实际的开始。空格前后的"realistic现实的 "和"practical 实际的"是并列关系，表示"一个现实和实际的开始"，所以应使用并列连词。故填and。
69．句意：同时，对我们来说，继续探索月球在科学上是有意义的。空格处位于形容词meaningful前，应使用副词修饰。故填scientifically。
70．句意：这是因为它将帮助科学家更好地了解太阳系的起源和演化，以及行星的组成。空格处是表语从句的引导词，从句缺少原因状语。故填because。
七、第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分
71．（2024·模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In order to bring down the number of accident and make drivers aware of the danger of driving much fast, many speed cameras are fixed on the roads. Most of them were placed in bright yellow boxes, so drivers can see it clearly from a distance and slow down. On other hand, some officials have the opposite ideas.They believe hiding cameras are more effective than visible ones. The reason is because drivers, not knowing the exact locations of the cameras, will drive more cautious. The police are now gathered related data to make sure which is good.
【答案】In order to bring down the number of and make drivers aware of the danger of driving /fast, many speed cameras are fixed on the roads. Most of them placed in bright yellow boxes, so drivers can see clearly from a distance and slow down. On other hand, some officials have the opposite ideas. They believe cameras are more effective than visible ones. The reason is drivers, not knowing the exact locations of the cameras, will drive more . The police are now related data to make sure which is .
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】
1. 句意：为了减少事故的数量，使司机意识到超速驾驶的危险，在道路上安装了许多测速摄像头。the number of是固定短语，意"……的数量"，后接名词复数形式。故填accidents。
2. 句意：为了减少事故的数量，使司机意识到超速驾驶的危险，在道路上安装了许多测速摄像头。
drive fast是固定短语，意"高速驾驶"，其前不能用much修饰。故去掉much或much改为too。
3. 句意：它们大多被放置在亮黄色的盒子里，这样司机从远处就能清楚地看到它们，从而放慢速度。全文主要用的是一般现在时态，陈述经常性、习惯性的动作。故把were改为are。
4. 句意：它们大多被放置在亮黄色的盒子里，这样司机从远处就能清楚地看到它们，从而放慢速度。该句中的it指代的是上文提到的" Most of them大部分（摄像头）"，应使用复数形式。故把it改为them。
5. 句意：另一方面，一些官员有相反的想法。on the other hand是固定短语，表示"另一方面"。故在on后加the。
6. 句意：他们认为隐藏摄像头比可见摄像头更有效。hidden cameras是固定短语，意"隐藏式摄像头"，属于过去分词hidden修饰名词。故填hidden。
7. 句意：原因是司机不知道摄像头的确切位置，会更加小心驾驶。The reason (why...) is that...是固定句型，意"（……的）原因是……"。故把because改为that。
8. 句意：原因是司机不知道摄像头的确切位置，会更加小心驾驶。cautious在句中应是修饰动词drive，所以应使用副词形式。故把cautious改为cautiously。
9. 句意：警方目前正在收集相关数据，以确定哪个更好。句子主语the police和谓语动词gather是主动关系，应使用主动语态；结合句意，可知此处表示"警察正在收集相关数据"，应使用现在进行时态。故把gathered改为gathering。
10. 句意：警方目前正在收集相关数据，以确定哪个更好。结合上文，可知此处表示警察正在收集相关数据要确保上文提到的两种观点哪种更好，应使用比较级。故把good改为better。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题涉及名词、副词、时态和语态、代词、冠词、非谓语动词、表语从句、和比较级等知识点的考查，是一篇应用文，知识点覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
八、第二节（满分25分）
72．（2024·模拟）英文报China Daily 正以"Helping the old adapt to a digital society"为题征集稿件，请认真观察图片后写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括：
1. 简要描述图片；
2. 你的观点和建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的题目已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：scan QR codes扫描二维码
Helping the old adapt to a digital society
【答案】As we all know, OR codes are so widely-used in our everyday life. However, it can be easily seen from the picture that there is a group left behind by this trend（过去分词短语作后置定语）—the elderly.
As far as I'm concerned, it's our duty to help them adapt to new things. First of all, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. ①In addition, we can organize lectures on how to use smart phones（"特殊疑问词+to do"结构）for them and teach them. Last but not least, our government should take measures to bridge the digital gap and provide them with convenient life services.
Hopefully, with our joint efforts, the old can adapt themselves to a digital society quickly and live a good life.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文稿件，要求考生以"Helping the old adapt to a digital society"为题，结合图片内容，写一篇短文进行投稿，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：As we all know, OR codes are so widely-used in our everyday life运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句；However, it can be easily seen from the picture that there is a group left behind by this trend—the elderly运用了it作形式主语指代that引导的真实主语从句和过去分词短语作后置定语的语法结构；In addition, we can organize lectures on how to use smart phones运用了"特殊疑问词+to do"的结构。
1 / 12024届志存高远高考英语挑战模拟卷 【全国卷】
一、第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024·模拟） When does the rainy season start
A．In January. B．In February. C．In November.
2．（2024·模拟） What's wrong with the man's food
A．It's hot. B．It's salty. C．It's tasteless.
3．（2024·模拟） What is Jennifer learning in school now
A．To make sculptures.
B．To take pictures.
C．To draw.
4．（2024·模拟） Which room has the man finished decorating
A．The living room. B．The bathroom. C．The kitchen.
5．（2024·模拟） Where are the speakers
A．At a hospital. B．In a classroom. C．At a ball field.
二、第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
6． Where does Sam suggest going
A．To a theater.
B．To a restaurant.
C．To a coffee shop.
7． How does Rita feel about the plan
A．Excited. B．Indifferent. C．Disappointed.
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
8．What will Clark help Annie do
A．Clean her apartment.
B．Water her plants.
C．Feed her dog.
9．When will Clark go to Annie's house
A．On Monday. B．On Thursday. C．On Friday.
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
10． What was the program mainly about
A．Horses and wars.
B．Different uses of horses.
C．Horses from different countries.
11．What seems to surprise the man
A．People use horses for fun.
B．Horse races take place everywhere.
C．Horses are still used for hard labor.
12．What will the woman do this weekend
A．Work on a farm. B．Attend a wedding. C．Go horse riding.
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
13． What might the woman do
A．She's a diver.
B．She's a lifeguard.
C．She's a swimming instructor.
14．Who called the ambulance
A．The woman.
B．One of the students.
C．The man's colleague.
15．When did the ambulance arrive
A．Immediately.
B．Ten minutes later.
C．Twenty minutes later.
16． How did the girl react when she awoke
A．She cried.
B．She went back in the pool.
C．She didn't know what happened.
（2024·模拟）听材料，回答问题。
17．Who are the announcements for
A．The manager. B．The employees C．The customers.
18． What time does the store usually close
A．At five o'clock. B．At eight o'clock. C．At ten o'clock.
19．What item is free for another one if you buy one
A．Women's dresses. B．Men's suits. C．Shoes.
20．What does the speaker suggest people do in the end
A．Go to a cafe.
B．Leave the shop early.
C．Buy some music CDs.
三、第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Memorial Day is a time that many associate with a slower pace affording, maybe, a little more free time to read. We asked some of our regular book reviewers what titles they are most looking forward to reading this summer. Here's what they said.
The Wind Knows My Name by Isabel Allende When I learned that the novel has Nogales, Arizona, where I was born, as its backdrop, I put it on the top of my reading list. It shapes romanticism around social political history. I'm extremely eager to find what she discovers in our borderlands. —Marcela Davison Avilés Time's Mouth by Edan Lepucki Time's Mouth is a story by The New York Times bestselling author Edan Lepucki, about mothers, memories, what we inherit(继承) and what we choose to keep. It's set in the New Age world of California featuring time travel, life force and psychoanalysis. —Lily Meyer
Family Lore by Elizabeth Acevedo Elizabeth Acevedo has won the book world's most desired prizes, including the National Book Award and Carnegie Medal for The Poet X. Family Lore, her first novel for adults, is an American drama and one of her most personal creations—inspired in part by her eight aunts and interest in how culture and traditions are made. —Carole Bell Witness by Jamel Brinkley Jamel Brinkley's first publication, A Lucky Man, was one of the best books of 2018, which looks at family, identity and desire. His follow-up collection contains stories about people who choose to speak on behalf of others. Brinkley is extremely talented, making this one of the year's most desired works of American fiction. —Michael Schaub
21． Why does Avilés choose The Wind Knous My Name
A．It has a bond with her.
B．It is based on a true story.
C．It evaluates social politics.
D．It tells the history of Nogales.
22．Whose work is partly inspired by relatives
A．Isabel Allende's. B．Edan Lepucki's.
C．Elizabeth Acevedo's. D．Jamel Brinkley's.
23．What do we know about Witness
A．It is the best book of the year.
B．It is Brinkley's second book.
C．It mainly talks about modern life.
D．It contains many family stories.
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The automobile industry is spending billions on self-driving cars, but what if we quite like driving
One holiday a few years ago, I spent hours being transported on trains, buses and planes. I read a novel for a while, then stared out the window, in a black mood. I was turned into goods, being shifted from one location to another. Then, finally, came the exciting section of the holiday when I hired a car.
My wife Jocasta and I followed the positioning system, turning right, then right again, and found ourselves in a small town. I spoke to the positioning system, "We don't want to be here; we want the highway." Then it instructed me to turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrowed. The walls were so close that I had to hold my breath.
Another car appeared, coming towards us from the opposite direction. The driver signaled, telling me I had to make way. But how I didn't have the courage to back up along the impossibly narrow passage. Soon some locals came to help. One lady stood at the back of the vehicle, waving me on. She continued making "this way, this way" movements with her arms. In an act of blind trust, instructions, creeping (小心行进) backwards and forwards. Remarkably, it worked. I completed my turn into the side street. The other car passed and the driver gave me a grateful wave. Then I followed the lady's suggestion and—finally—saw the highway.
My hands were shaking. I breathed in and out. Jocasta turned to me. "You're my hero, "she said. I looked at her, expecting a shadow of a teasing (嘲笑的) smile, but can find none. "You're my hero," she repeated. "I mean it. You did a really good job." Finally, I managed to steady my nerves. Then we set off again and the car sped smoothly away. Who would exchange all this for a self-driving car
24．What made the author unhappy according to paragraph 2
A．The boredom of a long journey.
B．The disconnection from driving.
C．The constant shift in transportation.
D．The long distance from the destination.
25． Why did the author drive into the narrow passage
A．He wanted to take a shortcut.
B．He intended to thank the locals for help.
C．He had to turn to avoid another car.
D．He was misdirected by the guidance system.
26． What can be inferred about the author and his wife from the last paragraph
A．His wife used to laugh at him.
B．He became more skilled at driving.
C．His wife tried to encourage and calm him.
D．He misunderstood his wife throughout.
27． Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Hero Behind the Wheel
B．An Adventurous Automobile Trip
C．A Lover of Self-drive Tours
D．An Unexpected Technological Problem
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
You've heard the phrase "home for the holidays", but I would like to introduce a new phrase: hygge for the holidays. A hygge holiday is all about peaceful, quiet and cozy (温暖舒适的) surroundings. Sounds perfect, doesn't it Holiday hygge is easy and comforting. Most people are already doing at least some of these simple hygge holidays without even knowing it.
Hygge is a Danish word originally coming from an old Norwegian word meaning well-being and protection from the outside harm. It's known that winters in Denmark are severe and last long. The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love.
Hygge is a very important word to Danish people, often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing, something you can buy, but rather more of something you feel. Hygge really is a reflection of one aspect of Danish living, and, happily, in the last five years the concept of hygge has made its way to the US and many other countries. I mean what's not to like about nurturing (培育) peace and quiet and coziness
Here are some more descriptive words for hygge: comfort, familiarity, friendship, laughter, and even seasonal homemade food and drinks. While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities—an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge, it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one's spirits during dark winter months.
Hygge is the most suitable for the November and December holiday season because it's all about peaceful and cozy surroundings that fill you with contentment. There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season.
28．Why do Danish people choose a hygge holiday
A．To deal with cold and long winters.
B．To follow the latest holiday trend.
C．To fight against nature physically.
D．To spend more time with their family.
29．How does the author find hygge
A．It reflects Danish living totally.
B．It is mainly about some feeling.
C．It is limited to Denmark and the US.
D．It represents ancient Danish culture.
30． What message is conveyed in paragraph 4
A．People do hygge in more ways.
B．Hygge is preferred in summertime.
C．Hygge is still perfect for winter.
D．People access hygge in certain time.
31．What might the author go on to talk about
A．Ways of hygge celebrations.
B．Tips on achieving hygge.
C．Different opinions about hygge.
D．Benefits of bringing hygge into home.
（2024·模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Deforestation in tropical(热带的) regions of Asia, Africa and the Americas has reduced the cooling effects of trees. "The temperature change associated with deforestation over the 15-year study period is equal to a century of global warming, happening almost instantly, at these locations," says Luke Parsons at Duke University in North Carolina.
Now, by using data from population surveys and mapping tree cover loss over a 15-year period, Parsons and his colleagues have estimated the effect of deforestation on outdoor workers across 41 countries. He says climate change has already pushed tropical locations right to the edge of what would be considered safe for heavy outdoor labour and that deforestation causes those locations to be even more precarious.
Parsons and his colleagues used land surface temperature measurements from satellites, and collected humidity(湿度) data, to estimate how hot an average day felt to outdoor workers in regions which either lost or maintained tree cover between 2003 and 2018. "The study focuses on what you would think of as a 'feels-like' temperature. It takes into account how well you can cool yourself by sweating, which is affected by humidity, as well as the temperature," says Parsons.
The researchers then turned to population surveys to estimate the number of outdoor workers in these areas. This revealed that some 2.5 million outdoor workers in Asia lost at least half an hour of safe work per day, between 2003 and 2018, due to increased temperatures in deforested regions. Nearly 200,000 outdoor workers in the Americas and some 31,000 people in Africa lost this amount of safe work time each day. Regions that maintained forest cover generally stayed cool, and less work time was lost.
It is important to remember that, due to the scale(规模) of the study, the team didn't measure actual worker hours on the ground across the entire tropics, says Parsons. This means the assessment of lost worker hours is based on theoretical considerations rather than direct observations of behaviour.
32．Why does Parsons make a comparison at the beginning
A．To explain the causes of global warming.
B．To state the challenges of tropical regions.
C．To show the consequence of deforestation.
D．To emphasize the high rate of deforestation.
33．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word "precarious" in paragraph 2
A．Poor. B．Unsafe. C．Destructive. D．Inaccessible.
34． What did the researchers find about deforestation
A．It hit places in Asia the hardest.
B．It was more common in tropical areas.
C．It affected daily lives severely.
D．It decreased safe outdoor working hours.
35．What is the limitation of the study
A．It is just proven true in theory.
B．It ignores regional variations.
C．It lacks systematic assessment.
D．It is based on a random sample.
四、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2024·模拟）任务型阅读
The Hanfu, cheongsam (or qipao), Tang suit, and Zhongshan suit are the four most distinctive types of traditional Chinese clothing.
The Hanfu is one of China's oldest traditional clothes, dating back over 3,000 years. 36． Until the Han Dynasty, the Hanfu was adopted and strongly promoted. It then became the national clothing of the Han ethnic(民族的) people. It also had a far-reaching influence on neighboring Asian countries. Nowadays, the clothing gains in popularity again especially on special occasions.
The cheongsam originated in the Qing Dynasty. It has mainly developed into Beijing styles, Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles. 37． Beijing styles are more traditional and conservative and brighter. More Western elements are used in the designs and colors of Shanghai styles. Hong Kong styles have shorter sleeves and are always decorated in a simpler way.
The Tang suit, in many cases, refers to a type of Chinese jacket rather than the clothing of the Tang Dynasty. 38． As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being powerful in the world, foreigners called the Chinese people living abroad "the Tang people" and their clothes "Tang suits". Traditional Tang suits usually have Chinese characters on them to express good luck or best wishes.
39． Nowadays, Tang suits are a kind of formal dress worn on special occasions like Chinese New Year.
First advocated by Sun Yat-sen, the Zhongshan suit, also known as the Mao suit, is a type of men's jacket. They can be worn on formal and casual occasions because of their symmetrical(对称的) shape, general appearance, elegance, and stable impression. The colors of Zhongshan suits are various, but usually plain, including black, white, blue, and grey. 40． .
A. This name came from overseas.
B. The most popular ones include fu and shou.
C. Almost every dynasty had its own unique clothes.
D. Wearers choose different colors for different situations.
E. It was constantly improved throughout several dynasties.
F. It combines traditional Chinese and Western clothing styles.
G. There are many differences in decorations, colors and designs.
五、第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shayden, 11 years old, approached his neighbor's house and asked for using the family's front door security camera to shoot a video. Shayden's going to the Rays' house was 41． by his strong need for new friends. He expressed his 42． for companionship in the video, 43． seeking out native children around 11 or 12.
However, when his neighbor Brennan Ray 44． some kids nearby, Shayden explained that he felt he was 45． by them as they always stopped him entering their activities. After their brief 46． , Brennan was moved by Shayden's desire and decided to 47． the video online to reach out to Shayden and help him gain 48． .
Shayden had difficulties establishing connections with others due to many kinds of mental illness. In the comments, Brennan highlighted the importance of having conversations with others in 49． the challenges they may be facing. He described Shayden as a well-mannered, 50． , and brave young man and 51． the online community to help Shayden find new friends. "I figured I could post it, and some 52． people would see it and help me contact them," he said. However, the video was beyond his expectations, receiving nearly 70 million 53． and gaining widespread attention.
After Shayden's recent 54． to the Rays' house and getting the 55． support from countless compassionate (富有同情心的) individuals, Shayden now feels a sense of 56． . His seeking of companionship has already made him 57． new friendships and even connected him with people worldwide. Brennan's action has 58． support for Shayden, and conveyed a powerful message of 59． . He stresses the necessity of giving everyone a chance, as one can hardly 60． the internal battles the other people may face.
41．A． driven B． guaranteed C． greeted D． marked
42．A． excuse B． respect C． search D． reason
43．A． extremely B． specifically C． probably D． presently
44．A． welcomed B． treated C． mentioned D． called
45．A． misnamed B． distrusted C． misled D． disliked
46．A． discussion B． argument C． introduction D． survey
47．A． enjoy B． change C． share D． update
48．A． confidence B． interest
C． popularity D． encouragement
49．A． watching B． understanding
C． handling D． fighting
50．A． gentle B． poor C． shy D． perfect
51．A． referred to B． answered for
C． appealed to D． applied for
52．A． famous B． free C． lovely D． local
53．A． views B． questions C． promises D． donations
54．A． admission B． visit C． access D． exposure
55．A． unusual B． qualified C． overseas D． unbelievable
56．A． pride B． achievement C． relief D． positivity
57．A． preserve B． form C． desire D． settle
58．A． generated B． confirmed C． strengthened D． faced
59．A． sympathy B． acceptance C． optimism D． hope
60．A． prove B． witness C． picture D． overcome
六、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024·模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China made public recently specific designs for its manned lunar mission, which 61． (schedule) to be achieved before the end of this decade. The plan is to launch two Long March 10 carrier rockets from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province to transport a lunar landing module(舱) and 62． manned spacecraft to lunar orbit. When 63． (land) on the moon, the astronauts will drive a rover(探月车) to carry out scientific tasks and collect samples.
64． (design) and engineers are developing the Long March 10 carrier rocket to achieve this goal. The manned spacecraft for the mission is also 65． the middle of its research and development stage. In the long term, China intends to construct a lunar scientific outpost to conduct extended explorations and technology demonstration operations.
The moon is the 66． (near) extraterrestrial body(地外天体) that humans can reach 67． (base) on current technologies. Manned missions to the moon will be a realistic 68． practical step to start with for expanding our exploration of deep space. Meanwhile, it is 69． (scientific) meaningful for us to continue to explore the moon. That is 70． it will help scientists better understand the origin and the evolution of the solar system as well as the composition of planets.
七、第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分
71．（2024·模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In order to bring down the number of accident and make drivers aware of the danger of driving much fast, many speed cameras are fixed on the roads. Most of them were placed in bright yellow boxes, so drivers can see it clearly from a distance and slow down. On other hand, some officials have the opposite ideas.They believe hiding cameras are more effective than visible ones. The reason is because drivers, not knowing the exact locations of the cameras, will drive more cautious. The police are now gathered related data to make sure which is good.
八、第二节（满分25分）
72．（2024·模拟）英文报China Daily 正以"Helping the old adapt to a digital society"为题征集稿件，请认真观察图片后写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括：
1. 简要描述图片；
2. 你的观点和建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的题目已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：scan QR codes扫描二维码
Helping the old adapt to a digital society
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's January, and it's been raining the whole month. How long does the rainy season last here
M: About four months. It begins in early November and lasts until February.
【分析】题意：雨季什么时候开始？根据男士的话" It begins in early November and lasts until February它从11月初开始，一直持续到2月"，可知雨季11月开始。故选C。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据" It begins in early November"可确定答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Can you pass me the salt and pepper, please My food doesn't taste very good. It has no taste. How's yours
W: It's okay. It's just a little hot.
【分析】题意：男士的食物有什么问题？根据"My food doesn't taste very good. It has no taste.我的食物味道不太好。它没有味道"，可知男士的食物没有味道。故选C。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"It has no taste"可确定答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What are you learning in school right now, Jennifer
W： We're learning to make sculptures, Dad! It's amazing. I can now make a beautiful sculpture out of nothing. Next, we will learn how to take good pictures. Then we will learn how to draw.
【分析】题意：Jennifer现在在学校学什么？根据女士的话" We're learning to make sculptures我们正在学习制作雕塑"，可知Jennifer正在学习制作雕塑。故选A。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"We're learning to make sculptures"可确定答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you finished decorating your house yet
M: No, I've only just finished the bathroom. It's taken such a long time. I've still got the kitchen and the living room to do.
【分析】题意：男士装修完了哪个房间？根据"I've only just finished the bathroom我刚装修完浴室"，可知男士刚装修完浴室。故选B。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"I've only just finished the bathroom"可确定答案。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What happened to you, young man Why are you in the hospital
M: I broke my leg while playing football at school. My friend kicked me instead of the ball. It hurts a lot! I hope you can fix it.
【分析】题意：说话者在哪里？根据"What happened to you, young man Why are you in the hospital 你怎么了，年轻人？你为什么在医院"，可知说话者在医院。故答案为A。
【点评】考查听力短对话。根据"Why are you in the hospital "可确定答案。
【答案】6．A
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Will you go out with me this weekend, Rita We can do anything you like.
W: I would love to, Sam! Can we go to dinner I've always wanted to eat at the new restaurant in town.
M: Sure! Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies.
W: Okay. Then we could get coffee after the movie and talk about it if we're not ready to go home. That sounds like an amazing night!
【分析】大意：Sam和Rita讨论周末的活动安排。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"go to a movie"和"an amazing night"可确定答案。
6．题意：山姆建议去哪里？根据男士的话"Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies晚饭后我们应该去看电影。我喜欢看电影"，结合选项，可知Sam建议去影院。故选A。
7．题意：丽塔觉得这个计划怎么样？根据"That sounds like an amazing night听起来真是个美妙的夜晚"，可知Rita对于这个计划感到兴奋。故选A。
【答案】8．B
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Clark. I need your help. I am traveling to Amsterdam for work next week, and I need someone to watch my apartment. Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat I would really appreciate it!
M: No problem, Annie. I'll do it. When do you leave London and when will you return
W: I am flying out of London Heathrow Airport on Monday and will arrive home on Friday. So I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday. I will pay you fifty dollars.
M: That sounds great! I will be there.
【分析】大意：Annie请求Clark帮助给家里的植物浇水和喂猫的时间安排。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"water my plants and feed my cat"和"I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday"可确定答案。
8．题意：Clark会帮安妮做什么？根据女士的话"Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat I would really appreciate it!你能去给我的植物浇水，喂我的猫吗？我真的很感激"，可知Clark会帮助Annie浇植物。故选B。
9．题意：Clark什么时候去安妮家？根据女士的话"I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday我需要你从周二到周四来我的公寓 "，可知Clark周四去Annie家。故选B。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What were you doing when I called you last night
W: I was watching a TV program. It was about how people use horses for various purposes.
M: Oh, I love horses. I think they are very useful.
W: Yeah. People use them for sports and entertainment, and horse races take place in many countries.
M: What else can horses help people do Did the program tell you about that
W: Yes. The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work.
M: Really What a hard job! By the way, can you ride a horse
W: Yes, I can. But I don't ride regularly. How about you
M: I can ride, too. Perhaps we can go horse riding together this weekend.
W： I'd love to, but John has invited me to his wedding. How about next weekend
【分析】大意：主要谈论了马的不同用处。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据"about how people use horses for various purposes"、"horses are still used in some countries to do farm work"和"John has invited me to his wedding"可确定答案。
10．题意：节目的主要内容是什么？根据"It was about how people use horses for various purposes它是关于人们如何利用马来达到各种目的"，可知节目主要是关于马的不同用处。故选B。
11．题意：什么似乎让这个男人感到惊讶？根据"The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work该计划还指出，在一些国家，马仍然被用来做农活"和"Really What a hard job!真的吗 多么辛苦的工作啊"，可知男士惊讶的是马仍然被用来做重活。故选C。
12．题意：这位女士这个周末要做什么？根据女士的话" I'd love to, but John has invited me to his wedding我很想去，但是约翰邀请我参加他的婚礼"，可知女士这个周末要去参加John的婚礼。故选B。
【答案】13．B
14．B
15．C
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I saw you on the news! You're a hero! Come on, tell me all the details.
W: Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end.
M: Go on...
W: I guess one of the students hit their head on the diving board, because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool.
M: So, what did you do next
W: I jumped in the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young girl, and she had swallowed a lot of water.
M: Wow. Did you give her mouth-to-mouth
W: Of course. Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance.
M: Quick thinking!
W: The girl coughed the water up almost immediately, and just like that, it was over. We cleaned the wound and bandaged it up, and the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later.
M: How was she
W: She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didn't even know why her parents were crying.
M: She must have been in shock.
【分析】大意：主要还原了女士急救溺水女孩的过程。
【点评】考查听力长对话。根据" I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do"、"I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance"、"the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later"和"She had no memory of the past ten minutes"可确定答案。
13．题意：女士是做什么的？根据"Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end我坐在椅子上看泳池，我一直都是这样。有一群孩子在深水区上潜水课"，结合选项，可知女士是一名保卫人员。故选B。
14．题意：谁叫的救护车？根据女士的话" Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance然后我让一个孩子叫救护车"，可知是一名学生拨打的120急救电话。故选B。
15．题意：救护车什么时候到的？根据" the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later急救人员20分钟后赶到"，可知救护车20分钟后到的。故选C。
16．题意：那女孩醒来时是什么反应？根据"She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didn't even know why her parents were crying她不记得过去十分钟的事了。她想回到泳池里。她甚至不知道她的父母为什么哭"，可知女孩不知道发生了什么。故选C。
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．C
20．A
【知识点】时文广告类；独白；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【听力原文】Hello, shoppers! This is the store manager. I have some special announcements for the holidays. The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock. We will also be closed all day on Friday and Saturday. We want our employees to be able to enjoy the holidays with their families. The good news is that we are having a huge sale all week! The regular price of all women's and children's clothes is decreased by ten dollars. The regular price of all men's suits is decreased by fifty dollars. If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free. You should buy something today to use these sale prices. The sale won't last long! It only happens this week. While you're here, enjoy the music and stop by the store cafe for some coffee. Have fun shopping! And thank you for being our customers. Happy holidays!
【分析】大意：广播主要向顾客介绍了商店的基本情况——关闭时间的调整和价格的变化。
【点评】考查听力独白。根据Hello, shoppers!"、"The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock"、 "If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free"和"stop by the store cafe for some coffee"可确定答案。
17．题意：广播是给谁的？根据广播的称呼"Hello, shoppers!你好,顾客"，结合选项，可知广播是给顾客的。故选C。
18．题意：商店通常什么时候关门？根据"The store will close early every day this week, at five o'clock instead of eight o'clock这家商店这周每天都要提早打烊，从8点改到5点"，可知往常商店是8点钟关门的。故选B。
19．题意：什么东西如果你买了一件，另一件是免费的？根据" If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free如果你买一双鞋，你会得到另一双免费的"，可知买一送一的是鞋。故选C。
20．题意：说话者最后建议人们做什么？根据" While you're here, enjoy the music and stop by the store cafe for some coffee当你在这里的时候，欣赏音乐，顺便去店里的咖啡馆喝杯咖啡"，可知说话者最后建议人们去咖啡厅。故选A。
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；文学艺术类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书评人期待的书。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题这种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
21．细节理解题。根据第一框格中的"When I learned that the novel has Nogales, Arizona, where I was born, as its backdrop, I put it on the top of my reading list当我得知这本小说以我出生的亚利桑那州诺加利斯为背景时，我把它放在了阅读清单的首位"，可知Avilés选择The Wind Knous My Name这本书的原因是这本书和Avilés有关联。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第三框格中的标题"Family Love by Elizabeth Acevedo伊丽莎白·阿塞韦多的《家庭之爱》"和"Family Lore, her first novel for adults, is an American drama and one of her most personal creations—inspired in part by her eight aunts and interest in how culture and traditions are made《家庭之爱》是她的第一部成人小说，是一部美国戏剧，也是她最个人的创作之一——部分灵感来自她的八个姑姑，以及她对文化和传统如何形成的兴趣"，可知Elizabeth Acevedo's的作品部分是受到亲戚的启发。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第四框格中的"Jamel Brinkley's first publication, A Lucky Man, was one of the best books of 2018, which looks at family, identity and desire. His follow-up collection contains stories about people who choose to speak on behalf of others. Brinkley is extremely talented, making this one of the year's most desired works of American fiction贾梅尔·布林克利的第一本出版物《幸运的人》是2018年最好的书之一，它关注家庭、身份和欲望。他的后续作品集包含了那些选择代表他人发言的人的故事。布林克利才华横溢，使这本书成为今年最受欢迎的美国小说之一"，可知Witness是 Brinkley的第二本书。故选B。
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和妻子在度假时租了一辆车，但汽车导航把车引入了一个很狭窄的过道里，在一位女士的帮助下作者才顺利把车倒了出来，作者还收获了妻子的称赞。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"I read a novel for a while, then stared out the window, in a black mood. I was turned into goods, being shifted from one location to another. Then, finally, came the exciting section of the holiday when I hired a car我看了一会儿小说，然后望着窗外，心情很不好。我变成了货物，被从一个地方转移到另一个地方。然后，最后，当我租了一辆车时，假期的激动人心的部分到来了"，可知让作者不高兴的是与驾驶的脱节。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"My wife Jocasta and I followed the positioning system, turning right, then right again, and found ourselves in a small town. I spoke to the positioning system, "We don't want to be here; we want the highway." Then it instructed me to turn right again and again. With every turn, the street narrowed我和妻子约卡斯塔（Jocasta）沿着定位系统向右拐，然后又向右拐，来到了一个小镇。我对定位系统说："我们不想待在这里；我们想要高速公路。"然后它指示我一次又一次地向右转。每拐一个弯，街道就变得狭窄"，可知作者受到导航系统的误导，把车开进了狭窄的通道。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据"‘You're my hero, 'she said. I looked at her, expecting a shadow of a teasing (嘲笑的) smile, but can find none. ‘You're my hero,'she repeated. ‘I mean it. You did a really good job.'‘你是我的英雄，'她说。我看着她，期待着她会露出一丝逗趣的微笑，可是什么也没有看到。‘你是我的英雄，'她重复道。‘我是说真的。你做得很好'"，可知作者妻子试图鼓励他，使他平静下来。故选C。
27．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者驾车旅游时在导航的指引下驶入了一条狭窄的通道，最后在当地人的帮助下成功倒车出来并收获了妻子的称赞。结合最后一段中妻子的话"You‘re my hero(你是我的英雄)"，可知作者成功克服了困难，妻子对他进行赞扬，A项"开车的英雄"既是对作者成功解决困难的肯定，也与妻子称赞他为英雄的内容相照应。故A项作文章标题最佳。故选A。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了hygge的起源和内涵。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The concept of hygge has been used by Danish people to keep themselves mentally positive in the dark winter season and fill their homes with comfort and love丹麦人用hygge这个概念来让自己在黑暗的冬季保持积极的心态，让他们的家充满舒适和爱"，可知丹麦人选择hygge假期是为了应对寒冷和漫长的冬天。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Hygge is a very important word to Danish people, often used to describe what their culture is all about and it is not necessarily a thing, something you can buy, but rather more of something you feelHygge对丹麦人来说是一个非常重要的词，经常用来描述他们的文化，它不一定是一件东西，你可以买到的东西，更多的是你感受到的东西"，可知 作者发现hygge主要是关于一些感觉。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"While it is possible to achieve hygge any time of the year with hygge activities—an outdoor BBQ with friends and a movie under the stars with family are good examples of summertime hygge, it is most commonly associated with the colder months because of its ability to lift one's spirits during dark winter months虽然在一年中的任何时候都可以通过hygge活动来实现hygge——和朋友一起户外烧烤，和家人在星空下看电影都是夏季hygge的好例子，但它通常与寒冷的月份联系在一起，因为它能够在黑暗的冬季提振一个人的精神"，可知Hygge仍然很适合冬天。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句话"There is indeed something you can do to bring holiday hygge into your home this season在这个季节，你确实可以做一些事情来给家里带来节日的舒适"，可知作者可能记叙介绍进行hygge的小贴士。故选B。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．D
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了滥伐森林导致全球气温上升，造成户外工作者的安全工作时间被缩短。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推理题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Deforestation in tropical (热带的) regions of Asia, Africa and the Americas has reduced the cooling effects of trees 亚洲、非洲和美洲热带地区的森林砍伐降低了树木的降温效果 "以及Luke Parsons所说"The temperature change associated with deforestation over the 15-year study period is equal to a century of global warming, happening almost instantly, at these locations 在15年的研究期间，与森林砍伐相关的温度变化相当于一个世纪的全球变暖，在这些地方几乎是瞬间发生的 "，可知Parsons一开始就做了比较是为了表明森林砍伐的后果。故选C。
33．词句猜测题。划线词句前文"Now, by using data from population surveys and mapping tree cover loss over a 15-year period, Parsons and his colleagues have estimated the effect of deforestation on outdoor workers across 41 countries 现在，Parsons和他的同事们利用人口调查数据和15年来树木覆盖损失的地图，估计了森林砍伐对41个国家户外工作者的影响 "说明森林砍伐对户外工作者造成不良影响，结合划线词句"He says climate change has already pushed tropical locations right to the edge of what would be considered safe for heavy outdoor labour and that deforestation causes those locations to be even more precarious 他说，气候变化已经将热带地区推向了繁重户外劳动的安全边缘，而森林砍伐导致这些地区更加precarious "，推知划线单词意思是"不安全的"。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中"This revealed that some 2.5 million outdoor workers in Asia lost at least half an hour of safe work per day, between 2003 and 2018, due to increased temperatures in deforested regions. Nearly 200,000 outdoor workers in the Americas and some 31,000 people in Africa lost this amount of safe work time each day 该研究显示，2003年至2018年期间，由于森林砍伐地区气温升高，亚洲约250万户外工作者每天至少失去半小时的安全工作时间。美洲近20万户外工作者和非洲约3.1万人每天失去了这么多安全工作时间 "，可知研究人员发现森林砍伐造成安全的户外工作时间减少。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中"It is important to remember that, due to the scale (规模) of the study, the team didn't measure actual worker hours on the ground across the entire tropics, says Parsons. This means the assessment of lost worker hours is based on theoretical considerations rather than direct observations of behaviour Parsons说，重要的是要记住，由于研究的规模，研究小组并没有测量整个热带地区地面上的实际工作时间。这意味着对工人损失工时的评估是基于理论考虑，而不是对行为的直接观察 "，可知本研究的局限性是只在理论上被证明是正确的。故选A。
【答案】36．E；37．G；38．A；39．B；40．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了我国的四大传统服饰。
A. 这个名字来自海外。
B. 最受欢迎的有"福"和"寿"。
C. 几乎每个朝代都有自己独特的服装。
D. 佩戴者在不同的场合选择不同的颜色。
E. 经过几个朝代的不断改进。
F. 它结合了中国传统和西方的服装风格。
G. 在装饰、颜色和设计上有很多不同。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
36．根据空格后句"Until the Han Dynasty, the Hanfu was adopted and strongly promoted直到汉代，汉服才被采用并得到大力推广"，可知空格处应是提到了汉代之前的汉服演变，选项E" It was constantly improved throughout several dynasties经过几个朝代的不断改进"符合上下文意思。故选E。
37．根据空格后句"Beijing styles are more traditional and conservative and brighter. More Western elements are used in the designs and colors of Shanghai styles. Hong Kong styles have shorter sleeves and are always decorated in a simpler way北京的风格更传统、保守、明亮。在上海风格的设计和色彩中使用了更多的西方元素。港式服装的袖子较短，装饰也比较简单"，可知此处介绍的是旗袍的装饰、颜色和设计上，这与选项G"There are many differences in decorations, colors and designs在装饰、颜色和设计上有很多不同"符合上下文意思。故选G。
38．根据下句"As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being powerful in the world, foreigners called the Chinese people living abroad "the Tang people" and their clothes ‘Tang suits'由于唐朝在世界上以强大而闻名，外国人把居住在国外的中国人称为"唐人"，把他们的衣服称为‘唐装'"，可知此处介绍的是"唐装"这一名称的由来。这与选项A" This name came from overseas这个名字来自海外"相一致。故选A。
39．根据上句"Traditional Tang suits usually have Chinese characters on them to express good luck or best wishes传统的唐装上通常有汉字来表达好运或最美好的祝愿"，可知此处介绍的是唐装上的汉字，这与选项B"The most popular ones include fu and shou最受欢迎的有‘福'和‘寿'"意思一致。故选B。
40．根据上句"The colors of Zhongshan suits are various, but usually plain, including black, white, blue, and grey中山装的颜色多种多样，但通常很朴素，有黑色、白色、蓝色和灰色"，可知此处讲的是中山装的颜色，这与选项" Wearers choose different colors for different situations佩戴者在不同的场合选择不同的颜色"意思连贯。故选D。
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．B；44．C；45．D；46．A；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．C；52．D；53．A；54．B；55．D；56．D；57．B；58．A；59．B；60．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了11岁的谢登走到邻居家，要求用邻居家前门的监控摄像头拍一段视频，起因是他想要交朋友，而附近的孩子都不喜欢他。于是邻居在网上分享了拍摄的视频，来帮助谢登，最后谢登得到了许多人的支持。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意：谢登去雷一家的房子是因为他非常需要新朋友。A. driven驱使；B. guaranteed保证；C. greeted问候；D. marked标记。根据后文"by his strong need for new friends"可知，去雷一家的房子是受到需要新朋友的欲望驱动，故选A。
42．句意：他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。A. excuse原谅；B. respect尊重；C. search搜索，寻找；D. reason理由。根据后文"seeking out native children around 11 or 12"可知，他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，故选C。
43．句意：他在视频中表达了自己寻找伴侣的想法，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。A. extremely非常；B. specifically特别；C. probably可能；D. presently现在。根据后文"seeking out native children around 11 or 12"可知，他寻找伴侣，特别是寻找11岁或12岁左右的当地儿童。故选B。
44．句意：然而，当他的邻居布伦南·雷提到附近的一些孩子时，谢登解释说，他觉得他们不喜欢他，因为他们总是阻止他参加他们的活动。A. welcomed欢迎；B. treated对待；C. mentioned提及；D. called打电话。根据后文"some kids nearby"可知，指布伦南提到了附近的一些孩子，故选C。
45．句意：然而，当他的邻居布伦南·雷提到附近的一些孩子时，谢登解释说，他觉得他们不喜欢他，因为他们总是阻止他参加他们的活动。A. misnamed误称；B. distrusted怀疑；C. misled误导；D. disliked不喜欢。根据后文"they always stopped him entering their activities"可知附近的孩子不喜欢沙登，总是阻止他参加他们的活动。故选D。
46．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. discussion讨论；B. argument争论；C. introduction介绍；D. survey调查表。根据后文"Brennan was moved by Shayden's desire"指经过讨论布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，故选A。
47．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. enjoy欣赏；B. change改变；C. share分享；D. update更新。根据后文"the video online to reach out to Shayden"可知，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，故选C。
48．句意：经过简短的讨论，布伦南被谢登的愿望所感动，并决定在网上分享这段视频，以帮助谢登获得鼓励。A. confidence会议；B. interest兴趣；C. popularity流行；D. encouragement鼓励。根据下文"He described Shayden as a well-mannered, 10, and brave young man and 11the online community to help Shayden find new friends"，可知布伦南对谢登进行了表扬和鼓励。故选D。
49．句意：在评论中，布伦南强调了与其他人交谈以理解他们可能面临的挑战的重要性。A. watching观看；B. understanding理解；C. handling递给；D. fighting战斗。根据上文"Brennan highlighted the importance of having conversations with others in"可知与他人交谈可以理解他们可能面临的挑战。故选B。
50．句意：他形容谢登是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人，并呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。A. gentle温柔的；B. poor贫穷的；C. shy害羞的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文"well-mannered"可知，此处在形容谢登的性格，说他是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人。故选A。
51．句意：他形容谢登是一个彬彬有礼、温柔勇敢的年轻人，并呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。A. referred to查阅；B. answered for对……负责；C. appealed to吸引，呼吁；D. applied for申请。根据后文"he online community to help Shayden find new friends"可知，布伦南呼吁网络社区帮助谢登找到新朋友。故选C。
52．句意：他说："我想我可以把它贴出来，一些当地人会看到它，帮我联系他们。"A. famous出名的；B. free自由的；C. lovely可爱的；D. local当地的。根据后文"people would see it and help me contact them"可知要交朋友是希望当地人看到，故选D。
53．句意：然而，这段视频却出乎他的意料，获得了近7000万的点击量，引起了广泛的关注。A. views观点，观看；B. questions问题；C. promises承诺；D. donations捐赠。根据上文"However, the video was beyond his expectations, receiving nearly 70 million"指视频获得了近7000万的点击量，故选A。
54．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. admission承认；B. visit拜访；C. access入口；D. exposure暴露。呼应上文"Shayden's going to the Rays' house"指谢登拜访雷一家。故选B。
55．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. unusual不寻常的；B. qualified有资格的；C. overseas海外的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据后文"support from countless compassionate individuals"可知，谢登得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持。故选D。
56．句意：在谢登最近拜访了雷一家，并得到了无数富有同情心的人的不可思议的支持之后，谢登现在感到了一种积极的感觉。A. pride骄傲；B. achievement成就；C. relief安慰；D. positivity积极。根据上文"support from countless compassionate individuals"可知，谢登等到了他人的支持，应该是感觉积极。故选D。
57．句意：他对陪伴的追求已经让他结交了新的朋友，甚至把他和世界各地的人联系在一起。A. preserve保护；B. form形成；C. desire渴望；D. settle解决。根据"and even connected him with people worldwide甚至把他和世界各地的人联系在一起"，结合选项，可知此处表示结交新朋友，形成新友谊。故选B。
58．句意：布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持，并传达了一个强有力的接受信息。A. generated产生，引发；B. confirmed证实；C. strengthened加强；D. faced面对。根据空后的" support for Shayden"，结合空前内容与选项，可知此处表示"布伦南的行动引发了谢登的支持"。故选A。
59．句意：布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持，并传达了一个强有力的接受信息。A. sympathy同情；B. acceptance接受；C.optimism乐观主义；D. hope希望。根据前半句"Brennan's action has generated support for Shayden布伦南的行动为谢登赢得了支持"，可知此处表示"布伦南的行动传达了一个强有力的接受信息"，即"被接受"。故选B。
60．句意：他强调给每个人机会的必要性，因为人们很难想象其他人可能面临的内部斗争。A. prove证明；B. witness见证；C. picture勾画；D. overcome克服。故选C。根据前半句"He stresses the necessity of giving everyone a chance他强调给每个人机会的必要性"，结合选项，可知此处表示"人们很难勾画出其他人可能面临的内部斗争"。故选C。
【答案】61．is scheduled；62．a；63．landing；64．Designers；65．in；66．nearest；67．based；68．and；69．scientifically；70．because
【知识点】科普类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。最近中国公布了载人登月任务的具体设计方案，计划在十年末之前完成。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及被动语态、冠词、非谓语动词、名词、介词、形容词最高级、连词、连词、副词和状语从句等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：中国最近公布了其载人探月任务的具体设计，计划在本十年末之前实现。be scheduled to do sth是固定短语，意"按计划做某事"，在句中表示"按计划计划将在本十年末之前实现"，所以应使用被动语态；结合which指代的单数名词性短语 its manned lunar mission，可知此处表示将来的动作，应使用一般现在时态单三形式。故填is scheduled。
62．句意：该计划是在海南省文昌航天器发射场发射两枚长征10号运载火箭，将一个月球登陆舱和一个载人飞船运送到月球轨道。spacecraft是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且manned是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
63．句意：登陆月球后，宇航员将驾驶月球车执行科学任务并收集样本。状语从句的省略结构当中，所给词land与句子主语是主谓关系，所以应使用V-ing形式。故填landing。
64．句意：设计师和工程师正在开发长征10号运载火箭来实现这一目标。根据空后的"and engineers"，可知空格处表示"设计师"；空前无限定词，应使用复数形式；句首单词应大写首字母。故填Designers。
65．句意：执行任务的载人飞船也处于研发阶段。in the middle of是固定短语，意"处于……过程中"。故填in。
66．句意：月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体。空前有the，且根据语境"月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体"，可知此处应使用形容词最高级。故填nearest。
67．句意：月球是目前人类所能到达的离地球最近的地外天体。be based on是固定短语，意"以……为基础"，为过去分词短语作状语。故填based。
68．句意：载人登月任务将是扩大我们对深空探索的一个现实和实际的开始。空格前后的"realistic现实的 "和"practical 实际的"是并列关系，表示"一个现实和实际的开始"，所以应使用并列连词。故填and。
69．句意：同时，对我们来说，继续探索月球在科学上是有意义的。空格处位于形容词meaningful前，应使用副词修饰。故填scientifically。
70．句意：这是因为它将帮助科学家更好地了解太阳系的起源和演化，以及行星的组成。空格处是表语从句的引导词，从句缺少原因状语。故填because。
71．【答案】In order to bring down the number of and make drivers aware of the danger of driving /fast, many speed cameras are fixed on the roads. Most of them placed in bright yellow boxes, so drivers can see clearly from a distance and slow down. On other hand, some officials have the opposite ideas. They believe cameras are more effective than visible ones. The reason is drivers, not knowing the exact locations of the cameras, will drive more . The police are now related data to make sure which is .
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】
1. 句意：为了减少事故的数量，使司机意识到超速驾驶的危险，在道路上安装了许多测速摄像头。the number of是固定短语，意"……的数量"，后接名词复数形式。故填accidents。
2. 句意：为了减少事故的数量，使司机意识到超速驾驶的危险，在道路上安装了许多测速摄像头。
drive fast是固定短语，意"高速驾驶"，其前不能用much修饰。故去掉much或much改为too。
3. 句意：它们大多被放置在亮黄色的盒子里，这样司机从远处就能清楚地看到它们，从而放慢速度。全文主要用的是一般现在时态，陈述经常性、习惯性的动作。故把were改为are。
4. 句意：它们大多被放置在亮黄色的盒子里，这样司机从远处就能清楚地看到它们，从而放慢速度。该句中的it指代的是上文提到的" Most of them大部分（摄像头）"，应使用复数形式。故把it改为them。
5. 句意：另一方面，一些官员有相反的想法。on the other hand是固定短语，表示"另一方面"。故在on后加the。
6. 句意：他们认为隐藏摄像头比可见摄像头更有效。hidden cameras是固定短语，意"隐藏式摄像头"，属于过去分词hidden修饰名词。故填hidden。
7. 句意：原因是司机不知道摄像头的确切位置，会更加小心驾驶。The reason (why...) is that...是固定句型，意"（……的）原因是……"。故把because改为that。
8. 句意：原因是司机不知道摄像头的确切位置，会更加小心驾驶。cautious在句中应是修饰动词drive，所以应使用副词形式。故把cautious改为cautiously。
9. 句意：警方目前正在收集相关数据，以确定哪个更好。句子主语the police和谓语动词gather是主动关系，应使用主动语态；结合句意，可知此处表示"警察正在收集相关数据"，应使用现在进行时态。故把gathered改为gathering。
10. 句意：警方目前正在收集相关数据，以确定哪个更好。结合上文，可知此处表示警察正在收集相关数据要确保上文提到的两种观点哪种更好，应使用比较级。故把good改为better。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题涉及名词、副词、时态和语态、代词、冠词、非谓语动词、表语从句、和比较级等知识点的考查，是一篇应用文，知识点覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
72．【答案】As we all know, OR codes are so widely-used in our everyday life. However, it can be easily seen from the picture that there is a group left behind by this trend（过去分词短语作后置定语）—the elderly.
As far as I'm concerned, it's our duty to help them adapt to new things. First of all, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. ①In addition, we can organize lectures on how to use smart phones（"特殊疑问词+to do"结构）for them and teach them. Last but not least, our government should take measures to bridge the digital gap and provide them with convenient life services.
Hopefully, with our joint efforts, the old can adapt themselves to a digital society quickly and live a good life.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文稿件，要求考生以"Helping the old adapt to a digital society"为题，结合图片内容，写一篇短文进行投稿，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：As we all know, OR codes are so widely-used in our everyday life运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句；However, it can be easily seen from the picture that there is a group left behind by this trend—the elderly运用了it作形式主语指代that引导的真实主语从句和过去分词短语作后置定语的语法结构；In addition, we can organize lectures on how to use smart phones运用了"特殊疑问词+to do"的结构。
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