【精品解析】江苏省南通市名校联盟2023-2024学年高二（2025届新高三）下学期高考适应性测试卷英语试题

江苏省南通市名校联盟2023-2024学年高二（2025届新高三）下学期高考适应性测试卷英语试题
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
Las Vegas can offer a lot more than you expect. Here are the best guided tours to help visitors make the most of their Sin City getaway.
Big Bus Las Vegas—Open Top Night Tour
Admire the glittering lights downtown on this evening double-decker bus tour. Along the drive, you'll pass well-known buildings before hopping off to enjoy the free light shows on Fremont Street. Tour-takers praise the guides for their informative, friendly account.
Passengers can board the buses at the LINQ Promenade starting at 7 p. m. each evening.
Cowboy Trail Rides—Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride
When you need a break from the city life, put on a cowboy ha t and boots for a sunset trail ride through Red Rock Canyon. On the ride, you'll follow a guide through the picturesque desert landscape, watching for wildlife. Travelers warn that it can get chilly on the ride, so they advise wearing warm layers.
Trail Rides are offered Tuesday through Sunday.
Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters—Grand Celebration Tour
Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters' Grand Celebration tour offers bird's-eye views of sought-after sights, like Eagle Point and Lake Mead. The tour also includes a Champagne picnic. The pilots and staff earn praise for their friendliness and professionalism.
There are several daily departure options.
Secret Food Tours—Las Vegas Strip
Every day Secret Food Tours take groups of 10 participants to five-star restaurants on the Strip to sample a variety of cooking delights, including pizza, chocolates and lobster. During the walking tour, highly praised guides teach tour goers about the city's food and culture. Travelers say the food on the tour is plentiful and tasty, but they warn that you'll be doing a lot of walking.
Tickets include all food tastings.
1．What can visitors do during the Open Top Night Tour
A．Admire charged light shows.
B．Explore well-known buildings.
C．Board buses on Fremont Street.
D．Enjoy an evening double decker bus tour.
2．What do the Grand Celebration Tour and Las Vegas Strip have in common
A．Visitors can try a horseback ride.
B．Visitors can have some food to taste.
C．Visitors can enjoy views from high in the air.
D．Visitors can learn about the history of Las Vegas.
3．Which tour is unlikely to offer services every day
A．Secret Food Tours—Las Vegas Strip
B．Big Bus Las Vegas—Open Top Night Tour
C．Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters—Grand Celebration Tour
D．Cowboy Trail Rides—Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向游客介绍了去拉斯维加斯旅游的几个最佳之旅。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Big Bus Las Vegas — Open Top Night Tour部分中的"Admire the glittering lights down town on this evening double-decker bus tour "在这个晚上的双层巴士之旅中，欣赏市中心闪烁的灯光。"可知，游客在敞篷夜游期间可以享受晚上的双层巴士之旅。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters — Grand Celebration Tour部分中的"The tour also includes a Champagne picnic "次旅行还包括一次香槟野餐；以及Secret Food Tours — Las Vegas Strip部分中的"Every day Secret Food Tours take groups of 10 participants to five-star restaurants on the Strip to sample a variety of cooking delights, including pizza, chocolates and lobster. "每天，秘密美食之旅都会带着10人一组的参与者去拉斯维加斯大道上的五星级餐厅品尝各种烹饪美食，包括披萨、巧克力和龙虾。可知，盛大庆典之旅和拉斯维加斯大道的共同点是游客可以品尝一些食物。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Cowboy Trail Rides — Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride部分中的"Trail Rides are offered Tuesday through Sunday"周二至周日提供步道骑行，可知，Cowboy Trail Rides — Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride不太可能每天都提供服务。故选D。
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
There is plenty of complaints about how social media—texting in particular—may harm children's social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM'ing) and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted （内向的）.
British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were "regular" IM'ers. The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, pain or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their pain—not enough to completely get rid of it, but enough to leave them feeling better.
"Our findings suggest that IM'ing between adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being," the authors write. People who talk with their real-life friends online report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.
Why would digital commutation improve human contact The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may be considered as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show) that the anonymity （匿名） of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safely that may make people feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and truest feelings. Previous research has shown that expressive writing itself can "vent". emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing-so knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend may provide even more comfort Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were painful than extraverts （内向的） did. As Susan Cain, author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World that Can't Stop Talking, wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often full of thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offer; the chance to connect—but in measured amount and from behind a screen.
4．What is the finding of the new study by British researchers
A．Instant messaging will harm children's social and intellectual development.
B．Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.
C．A lot of American teens use instant messaging every day.
D．American teens aged 14 to 18 are addicted to instant messaging.
5．What can be inferred from the results of the study
A．Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling unhappy.
B．Instant messaging can help completely remove teens' negative emotions.
C．Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.
D．Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.
6．What does the digital communication enable users to do
A．Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.
B．Share and discuss more information.
C．Produce more expressive writings.
D．Find more sympathetic friends.
7．What does Susan Cain say about introverts
A．They do not reveal their thoughts to friends, family and colleagues.
B．They tend to feel more unhappy about IM conversations than extraverts.
C．They are more skillful at the art of socializing than extraverts.
D．They at times desire to socialize or talk via social media.
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍即时通讯和发短信的使用可能为内向者带来好处：可以在屏幕的后面进行社交或者交谈，从而有利于消极情绪的缓解。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM'ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted (内向的)."但一项新的研究表明，青少年经常使用即时通讯和发短信也可能有好处，尤其是对那些内向的人。可知，这项新研究发现内向的青少年可能会从持续的即时通讯中受益。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, pain or anger."在其中100次聊天中，研究参与者是在悲伤、痛苦或愤怒等消极情绪状态下开始使用即时通讯的。可知，青少年在悲伤、痛苦或愤怒等消极情绪状态更有可能发送即时信息。故选A。
6．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may be considered as embarrassing or sources of discomfort."原因很复杂，但可能与这样一个事实有关，即用户可以通过即时通讯控制悲伤和其他情绪的表达，而不会流露出一些可能被认为令人尴尬或不舒服的情感元素，比如眼泪。可知，数字通信使用户能够避免尴尬和不适。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"As Susan Cain, author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World that Can't Stop Talking, wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often full of thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offer; the chance to connect—but in measured amount and from behind a screen."正如《安静:一个不停说话的世界里内向者的力量》一书的作者苏珊·凯恩最近在《时代》杂志上所写的那样：内向者经常充满思想，对他们的朋友、家人和同事非常关心。但即使是最擅长社交的内向者，有时也渴望不参加社交活动或打电话。这就是互联网所提供的；连接的机会——但是数量有限，而且要隔着屏幕。可知，内向者不喜欢参加现实生活中的社交活动或者打电话，但是有时会通过社交媒体进行社交或交谈。故选D。
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil's Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface.
Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine （涡轮机） at the Valle Secolo geothermal （地热的） plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany's electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts.
This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world's highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7.
Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy.
While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry's growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns.
Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello, as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir （储备） of steam and water is trapped between Earth's inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy.
But while heat from Earth's core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. "We can't take advantage of a geothermal resource at will," he says.
8．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The landscape in the countryside.
B．The introduction to a geothermal plant.
C．The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany.
D．The process of turning underground steam into heat.
9．Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy
A．People near new plants object to it.
B．Geothermal plants cut down their production.
C．There is very little underground water and steam.
D．People use less electricity by turning down heaters.
10．What is Della Vedova's attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy
A．Unfavorable. B．Unclear. C．Optimistic. D．Cautious.
11．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Where does geothermal energy lead Italy
B．Is the heat from Earth's core really limitless
C．Can energy from underground help power Italy
D．How can geothermal energy be used scientifically
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了意大利拉德雷洛地区丰富的地热资源，如何被利用来为当地居民提供能源，并探讨了地热资源可持续利用的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段"Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany's electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts."与托斯卡纳其他地区连绵起伏的丘陵和柏树林立的道路不同，这里的风景被几十座灰色的冷却塔覆盖，散发着白色的蒸汽。山谷塞科洛地热发电厂震耳欲聋的涡轮机的轰鸣声打破了宁静，但它猛烈的旋转将地下升起的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。托斯卡纳约30%的电力来自这种能源。在发电后，剩余的蒸汽为附近的地区加热水。可知，第二段描述了在托斯卡纳地区地热能的应用。它提到了瓦莱塞科洛地热发电厂，该发电厂将地下冒出的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。它还提到，托斯卡纳大约30%的电力来自这种能源。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第五段"While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry's growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns."冰岛和肯尼亚等国正在利用本国的地热资源，而意大利的地热产业发展却进展缓慢。高昂的安装成本和困难的开采构成了重大障碍。此外，新工厂经常因为健康问题遭到附近社区的反对。可知，意大利地热产业发展缓慢是因为高昂的设立成本和提取困难，也是因为新建工厂经常因为健康担忧而遭到附近社区的反对。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"But while heat from Earth's core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. ‘We can't take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,' he says."但是，虽然地核的热量实际上是无穷无尽的，但它在地球上加热的水却不是。因此，Della Vedova表示，恢复地下水供应并可持续地利用它们对未来至关重要。"我们不能随意利用地热资源"，他说。可知，Della Vedova对地热能源前景抱有谨慎的态度。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第四段"Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy."Bruno Della Vedova是意大利地热联盟的主席，他希望将来意大利的其他地区也能从这种资源中受益。当全世界都在向可再生能源过渡时，这种资源是极其重要的；以及全文可知，本文描述了意大利托斯卡纳地区的地热能源如何被用来为当地居民提供电力和供暖，并强调了这种能源在能源供应中的重要性。同时也提到了地热能源的前景和挑战，以及意大利地热联盟主席Bruno Della Vedova对地热能源的看法和态度。"来自地下的能源能帮助为意大利供电吗？"概括了文章的主要内容。故选C。
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
Over the past few months, the Let Them Theory has been making waves online. It started when Mel Robbins, a popular motivational speaker, shared it on Instagram. In her video, Robbins talks about the importance of letting go of control in certain situations, advocating for a model shift in how we interact with others.
Robbins insists that too often, we waste time and energy trying to push others into meeting our expectations. Instead, she proposes a simpler, more liberating approach: "letting them" be themselves. "Let them be themselves because they are revealing who they are to you. Just let them. Then, you get to choose what you do next." she said.
Dr. Sophie Mort, a clinical psychologist and mental health expert, offers deeper insights into the psychological foundation of this Theory. She said that our natural desire to control others often originates from a need to relieve our own anxieties and uncertainties. However, such attempts often result in disappointment and exhaustion as we realize the uselessness of our efforts. Basically, the theory emphasizes the acknowledgment that we cannot control the actions or decisions of others. It urges us to give up the burden of forcing our desires onto those closest to us and accept the mindset of acceptance.
While the theory may not be formally recognized in clinical settings, its principles connect with established concepts such as acceptance and mindfulness. It shows the essence of acceptance and commitment therapy, emphasizing the importance of accepting our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Meanwhile, marriage and family therapist Chapell Marsh further explains the resemblance between the theory and the psychological concept of "locus of control."
The theory received a lot of positive responses. Many claim that adopting this approach has fostered harmony and minimized conflicts in their interactions. However, it's urgent to recognize the limitations of the theory. While it promotes acceptance and nonjudgmental attitudes, it must not be employed in situations where safety is compromised or where necessary conversations are avoided. "Avoiding difficult conversations can lead to problems," said Chapell Marsh.
12．What's the core of the Let Them Theory
A．Taking control of others in every situation.
B．Letting others expose their true self to us.
C．Pushing others into meeting our expectations.
D．Insisting on our way of interacting with others.
13．Why do people want to control others according to Dr. Sophie
A．To be satisfied with themselves.
B．To make others accept their mindset.
C．To ease their own worries and doubts.
D．To force their desires onto the closest ones.
14．What does the author convey in paragraph 4
A．The Let Them Theory should be recognized clinically.
B．We should accept our thoughts and feelings without judgement.
C．Marriage and family relationships need psychological concepts.
D．The Let Them Theory is consistent with the existing accepted theories.
15．In which situation should the Let Them Theory be avoided
A．Your friend's safety is being threatened.
B．Someone says something mean behind your back.
C．Your kids don't want to get up and go shopping with you.
D．Your friends are not inviting you out to brunch this weekend.
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Let Them理论的核心观点，即让他人展示他们真实的自我，而我们不能控制人的行为或决定。同时，文章也讨论了这个理论的心理基础，以及它与接受和正念等已经建立的概念的联系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Let them be themselves because they are revealing who they are to you. Just let them. Then, you get to choose what you do next."让他们做他们自己，因为他们正在向你展示他们是谁。就让他们展示吧。然后，你可以选择你接下来要做什么。可知，Let Them理论的核心是让他人向我们展示他们真实的自我。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"She said that our natural desire to control others often originates from a need to relieve our own anxieties and uncertainties."她说，我们控制他人的自然欲望往往源于缓解我们自己的焦虑和不确定性的需要。可知，人们想要控制他人是为了缓解自己的焦虑和疑虑。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"It shows the essence of acceptance and commitment therapy, emphasizing the importance of accepting our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Meanwhile, marriage and family therapist Chapell Marsh further explains the resemblance between the theory and the psychological concept of ‘locus of control.'"它展示了接受和承诺疗法的本质，强调了不加评判地接受自己的想法和感受的重要性。同时，婚姻家庭治疗师Chapell Marsh进一步解释了该理论与心理学概念"控制点"的相似之处。可推知，Let Them理论与现有的接受的理论是一致的。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"While it promotes acceptance and nonjudgmental attitudes, it must not be employed in situations where safety is compromised or where necessary conversations are avoided."虽然它提倡接受和无评判的态度，但在安全受到威胁或者需要避免必要的对话的情况下，不应该使用这个理论。可推知，当你的朋友的安全受到威胁时，应该避免使用Let Them理论。故选A。
（2024·南通模拟） 任务型阅读
What's in a Game
Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You've read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do. 　16． 　 Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that's both playable and fun.
The Ohjective
The first thing you'll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward. 　17． 　. For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common—when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win.
　18． 　
Next, you'll need rules to let your players know what they can and can't do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is—and what it isn't. Players need to know what they can and can't do, and what will happen when they do different things.
Meaningful Choices
While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have. 　19． 　. If the same thing happens no matter what choice the player makes, they'll wonder why they have to choose.
Don't Forget to Playtest!
Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn't expect. 　20． 　.
A．The Place
B．The Rules
C．What can your players do
D．What if you could invent your own game
E．Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay
F．The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it
G．Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players
【答案】16．D；17．G；18．B；19．E；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了创造一款游戏的一些指导原则。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You've read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do."想象一下你和你的朋友在某个周六无所事事地坐在一起。你读过所有的书，看过所有的电影，玩过所有的游戏。绝对没有什么可做的了。描述了一幅周六和朋友在一起无所事事的无聊场景；以及空后"Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that's both playable and fun."这里有一些指导原则可以帮助你创造一款既可玩又有趣的新游戏。引出了创造一款游戏的建议，D．What if you could invent your own game"如果你能发明自己的游戏会怎么样？"承上启下。符合语境，故选D。
17．根据空前"The first thing you'll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward."要设计一款好玩的游戏，你需要做的第一件事就是为玩家设定一个目标。说明目标在游戏设计中的重要性；以及空后"For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win."例如，曲棍球游戏和Risk(一种纸牌游戏)有一个共同点——当一名玩家或团队达到最终目标时，他们就赢了。举例说明了游戏中要有明确的目标设定。G．Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players"目标可以有多种形式，但玩家必须清楚这些目标。"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
18．根据空后"Next, you'll need rules to let your players know what they can and can't do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn't. Players need to know what they can and can't do, and what will happen when they do different things."接下来，你需要制定规则，让玩家知道他们能做什么，不能做什么。似乎没有规则的游戏会更有趣。你可以做任何你想做的事！不幸的是，这通常会导致困惑的玩家争论游戏应该如何玩。规则设定了限制，定义了什么是游戏，什么不是游戏。玩家需要知道他们能做什么和不能做什么，以及当他们做不同的事情时会发生什么。说明了设定游戏规则的重要性。B．The Rules"规则"能够概括本段内容，符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空前"While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have."当你在创造规则时，考虑玩家将做出的选择以及这些选择将产生的影响。说明制定规则时，需要考虑到玩家的选择。E．Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay"玩家做出的每一个选择都必须对游戏玩法产生影响。"承接上文，进一步解释玩家选择的影响，符合语境。故选E。
20．根据空前"Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn't expect."你在商店里看到的任何游戏都经历了多次测试和修改。对你来说很清楚的规则可能会让别人感到困惑。你可能会遇到意想不到的情况；以及本段小标题"Don't Forget to Playtest!"不要忘记测试！可知，本段强调了测试游戏的重要性，有助于解决让玩家困惑的情况，F．The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it"确保你的游戏具有可玩性和趣味性的最佳方法便是进行测试。"是对上文问题给出明确解决办法。符合语境。故选F。
（2024·南通模拟）/span>.第一节，完形填空
Torrie, 16, and her friend Azarria were driving back home when another car hit them. When Torrie opened her eyes, she 21． their car had been pushed into a tree. There came 22． from the gathering crowd as the car was smoking. Torrie's door wouldn't open, but her window became an escape 23． .
"Everyone ran away, fearing the car was going to 24． . But turning around, I didn't see Azarria. I ran back and saw she was 25． in the back seat. I decided to help her out of the 26． ."
"I didn't know how I made it. I just became stronger at that moment," she says. She 27． a bystander to call 911 and started CPR.
After 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths, Azarria began to show 28． of life. Just then, the paramedics 29． to rush Azarria to the nearest hospital.
30． for both girls, their Lakewood High School offers a First-Aid Skills class taught by Erika Miller. Torrie had earned her 31． in the class just the day before this accident.
"I was absolutely astonished," Erika says. "In my years of teaching, I never 32． a student would finish the course and in 24 hours have to 33． CPR on her friend."
"I was grateful to Torrie, but I wasn't surprised."Azarria says. "She would have done that for anyone. That's just 34． of her.
"First-aid training should be a (n) 35． in schools," Torrie says. "It can make a difference between life and death."
21．A．examined B．recognized C．determined D．panicked
22．A．antiques B．breakthroughs C．refreshments D．screams
23．A．route B．frame C．release D．motion
24．A．proceed B．explode C．slip D．crash
25．A．noble B．humble C．swollen D．unconscious
26．A．highlight B．duration C．chaos D．insight
27．A．instructed B．stimulated C．alarmed D．disturbed
28．A．symbols B．routines C．luxury D．signs
29．A．blew up B．relied on C．rolled up D．carried on
30．A．Fortunately B．Literally C．Particularly D．Urgently
31．A．barrier B．certificate C．deadline D．living
32．A．defended B．grasped C．anticipated D．dominated
33．A．perform B．cast C．cite D．expose
34．A．awesome B．elegant C．fond D．typical
35．A．intervention B．requirement C．exception D．perspective
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Torrie和她的朋友Azarria遭遇车祸，以及Torrie在紧急情况下利用她在急救课程中学习的技能来救助Azarria的过程。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：当Torrie睁开眼睛时，她意识到她们的车被撞到了一棵树上。A. examined"检查"；B. recognized"认出，意识到"；C. determined"决定"；D. panicked"使……惊慌"。根据空后"their car had been pushed into a tree"可知，Torrie睁开眼睛时意识到车被撞到了一棵树上。故选B。
22．句意：随着汽车冒烟，聚集的人群发出了尖叫声。A. antiques"古董"；B. breakthroughs"突破"；C. refreshments"恢复"；D. screams"尖叫"。根据空后"as the car was smoking"以及常识可知，当看到汽车冒烟时，人群中发出了尖叫声。故选D。
23．句意：Torrie的车门打不开，但她的窗户成了逃生通道。A. route"路线"；B. frame"结构，框"；C. release"释放，放行"；D. motion"移动，动作"。根据空前"Torrie's door wouldn't open"可推测，窗户成了逃生通道。故选A。
24．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。" A. proceed"开始，继续进行"；B. explode"爆炸"；C. slip"滑倒"；D. crash"撞毁"。根据上文"as the car was smoking"；以及空前"Everyone ran away"可知，人们担心汽车会爆炸，所以都跑了。故选B。
25．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。"A. noble"高贵的"；B. humble"谦逊的"；C. swollen"肿大的"；D. unconscious"失去知觉的"。根据上文可知，Azarria并没有逃出来，可推断，她此时应该是失去知觉的状态。故选D。
26．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。"A. highlight"精彩部分"；B. duration"期间"；C. chaos"混乱"；D. insight"洞察力"。根据上文"Everyone ran away, fearing the car was going to 4 ."可知，此时一片混乱，大家都很慌乱。故选C。
27．句意：她让一个旁观者拨打911，并开始心肺复苏。A. instructed"指导，指示"；B. stimulated "刺激"；C. alarmed"警告"；D. disturbed"扰乱"。根据空后"started CPR"可知，Torrie在为朋友做心肺复苏，可推知，她是让旁观者拨打911。故选A。
28．句意：经过30次胸部按压和两次人工呼吸后，Azarria开始显示出生命迹象。A. symbols"符号，象征"；B. routines"例行公事"；C. luxury"奢侈品"；D. signs"手势，符号，迹象"。根据空前"After 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths"；以及下文"‘I was grateful to Torrie, but I wasn't surprised.' Azarria says."可知，Azarria有了生命的迹象。故选D。
29．句意：就在这时，急救人员赶到，将Azarria送往最近的医院。A. blew up"爆炸"；B. relied on"依赖"；C. rolled up"卷起，到达"；D. carried on"继续从事"。根据空后"to rush Azarria to the nearest hospital"可知，急救人员赶到了，并把Azarria送去了医院。故选C。
30．句意：幸运的是，这两个女孩所在的莱克伍德高中开设了由Erika Miller教授的急救技能课程。A. Fortunately"幸运地"；B. Literally"逐字地，确实地"；C. Particularly"尤其"；D. Urgently "迫切地"。根据空后"their Lakewood High School offers a First-Aid Skills class taught by Erika Miller"；以及上文"She 7 a bystander to call 911 and started CPR"可推知，正是由于Torrie的急救知识和措施，Azarria才获救。所以说，对她们而言，学校开设急救技能课程是幸运的。故选A。
31．句意：Torrie在事故发生前一天刚刚在这门课上获得了证书。A. barrier"障碍"；B. certificate"证书"；C. deadline"截止日期"；D. living"生存，生活"。根据下文"I never 12 a student would finish the course"可推测，Torrie在事故发生前一天完成了课程，由此可知，她获得了证书。故选B。
32．句意："我简直惊呆了，"Erika说。"在我多年的教学生涯中，我从未预料到会有学生在完成课程后的24小时内对她的朋友进行心肺复苏术。"A. defended"防御"；B. grasped"抓住"；C. anticipated"预期"；D. dominated"支配，控制"。根据空后"a student would finish the course and in 24 hours have to 13 CPR on her friend"可知，这是Erika所没有预想到的。故选C。
33．句意："我简直惊呆了，"Erika说。"在我多年的教学生涯中，我从未预料到会有学生在完成课程后的24小时内对她的朋友进行心肺复苏术。"A. perform"履行，实施"；B. cast"掷，投射"；C. cite"引用"；D. expose"揭露，使面临"。根据上文"She 7 a bystander to call 911 and started CPR."可知，Torrie为好友进行了心肺复苏。故选A。
34．句意："我很感激Torrie，但我并不感到惊讶。"Azarria说。"她会为任何人做那件事的。她就是这样的人。"A. awesome"可怕的，精彩的"；B. elegant"优雅的"；C. fond"喜爱的"；D. typical"典型的，有代表性的"。根据上文"She would have done that for anyone."可知，Torrie就是一个乐于助人的人。be typical of固定短语，"具有……的特点"，故选D。
35．句意："急救培训应该是学校的必备要求，"Torrie说。"这关系到我们的生死。"A. intervention "介入"；B. requirement"要求"；C. exception"例外"；D. perspective"远景，看法"。根据下文"It can make a difference between life and death."可知，Torrie认为这项技能可以挽救别人的生命，所以应该是学校的必备要求。故选B。
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Silk Road is neither an actual road nor a single route. It instead refers to a trade network which 　36． 　 (date) from the Han dynasty of China. German geographer and traveler Ferdinand first used the term "silk road" in 1877 C.E. 　37． 　 (describe) the well-traveled pathway of goods between Europe and East Asia. Although the trade network is commonly referred to 　38． 　 the Silk Road, some historians favor the term Silk Routes because it better reflects the many paths 　39． 　 (take) by traders.
One of the most 　40． 　 (influence) travelers of the Silk Road was Marco Polo. He traveled with his father to China when he was just
17. Upon his return, he wrote about his adventures, 　41． 　 (make) him and the routes he traveled famous.
From China, merchants carried silk to Europe, where it was well received by the nobility and wealthy people. 　42． 　 traveled together with silk from Asia were jade, porcelain, tea and spices. In exchange, horses, glassware, textiles and manufactured goods traveled eastward.
The significance of the Silk Road to human history has received widespread 　43． 　 (recognize). Towns along 　44． 　 routes grew into multicultural cities. The exchange of information gave rise to new technologies and innovations 　45． 　 would change the world. Today, parts of the Silk Road are listed on UNESCO's World Heritage List.
【答案】36．dates；37．to describe；38．as；39．taken；40．influential；41．making；42．what；43．recognition；44．the；45．that/which
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的起源及影响力。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词、定语从句、非谓语动词、副词、冠词、形容词、介词、被动语态等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：相反，它指的是一个可以追溯到中国汉代的贸易网络。空格处为定语从句中的谓语动词，date from是固定短语，意"追溯到……"，与句子主语（关系代词which指代的a trade network）构成主动关系，应使用主动语态；根据主句谓语动词refers（一般现在时态），可知空格是应使用一般现在时态的主动语态，故填dates。
37．句意：1877年，德国地理学家和旅行家费迪南德首次使用"丝绸之路"一词来描述欧洲和东亚之间的货物流通之路。根据句意，空格后的" 2 (describe) the well-traveled pathway of goods between Europe and East Asia描述欧洲和东亚之间的货物流通之路"是空格前"German geographer and traveler Ferdinand first used the term "silk road" in 1877 C.E.1877年，德国地理学家和旅行家费迪南德首次使用"丝绸之路"一词"的目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式，故填to describe。
38．句意：虽然贸易网络通常被称为丝绸之路，但一些历史学家更喜欢丝绸之路这个词，因为它更好地反映了商人们走过的许多道路。根据句意，可知空格后的the Silk Road是主语the trade network的身份，所以应使用"as+表示身份的名词"的结构，故填as。
39．句意：虽然贸易网络通常被称为丝绸之路，但一些历史学家更喜欢丝绸之路这个词，因为它更好地反映了商人们走过的许多道路。根据句意"商人们走过的许多道路"，可知此处是非谓语动词短语作定语；非谓语动词短语" 4 (take) by traders"作后置定语，与所修饰名词"the many paths"构成被动、完成的关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填taken。
40．句意：马可·波罗是丝绸之路上最有影响力的旅行家之一。他17岁时随父亲去中国旅行。空格前的the most修饰空格处的形容词，构成形容词最高级，用来修饰名词travelers，表示"最有影响力的旅行家"，故填influential。
41．句意：回国后，他写下了他的冒险经历，使他和他的旅行路线出名。非谓语动词短语" 6 (make) him and the routes he traveled famous"作定语，与所修饰的主句构成主动关系，应使用V-ing形式，故填making。
42．句意：与丝绸一起从亚洲来的还有玉器、瓷器、茶叶和香料。主句谓语动词were前的主语从句中缺少主语， 表语" jade, porcelain, tea and spices玉器、瓷器、茶叶和香料"都是指物，所以应使用关系代词what，表示"与丝绸一起从亚洲来的（物品）"，故填What。
43．句意：丝绸之路对人类历史的重要意义已得到广泛认可。谓语动词has received是及物动词，其后需要名词作宾语，空格前的形容词widespread修饰空格处的名词，recognize的名词recognition是不可数名词，故填recognition。
44．句意：沿途的城镇发展成为多元文化的城市。此处特指丝绸之路这条线路，应用定冠词，故填the。
45．句意：信息的交流产生了改变世界的新技术和创新。根据句意，可知空格后的" 10 would change the world"作定语，修饰先行词new technologies and innovations，表示"改变世界的新技术和创新"；定语从句中缺少谓语动词would change前的主语，所以应使用关系代词；先行词new technologies and innovations指物，故填which/that。
46．（2024·南通模拟）假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1．写信目的；2．自荐理由；3．申请参与。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can't wait to apply for the position.
As a citizen, it's my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it's easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I've gained relevant experience.
So, I firmly believe that I'm the very person you're looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给报社写一封英文申请信。写作背景： 听闻《中国日报》为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．写信目的；2．自荐理由；3．申请参与。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can't wait to apply for the position.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句，结果状语从句；As a citizen, it's my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. 运用了it作形式主语。In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it's easy for me to get along well with others. 运用了it作形式主语； Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I've gained relevant experience.运用了并列句，非限制性定语从句；
So, I firmly believe that I'm the very person you're looking for. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.运用了固定句式I would appreciate it if...。
47．（2024·南通模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I didn't like Del so much. He always called me the nickname "Germy", which meant "dirty", instead of my real name "Jamie". Besides, he was known as a trouble-maker in school. So when the head teacher Mr. Smith asked Del to come to his office, I naturally thought that Del had done something mean to someone. Through the window, I caught sight of a smaller boy crying. Del seemed unhappy, too.
He did not return to class that day. All of us were discussing what had happened to him. What else could such an annoying boy do "He must have hit the boy and was sent home," I whispered to my friends. Their eyes widened. It felt good to see them so interested in what I said.
The next morning, the whole school was talking about Del being expelled （开除） for beating up a kid. I was surprised that my assumptions were passed on so quickly. So when Del walked into the classroom, all the kids were shocked. The kids next to him shift ed their desks away. "What's your problem " Del asked. "I don't want you to attack me," one kid said. Some laughed. "Yeah, I might," said Del. I could tell he was joking, but many kids thought he admitted he did beat up someone.
During recess （课间休息）, Del tried to join the kickball game. "Neither team wants you," one of the players said. "Why " Del asked, looking confused. "I always play with you guys." They ignored him and went on playing. Del sat by himself while the rest of the school enjoyed their recess away from him. Del looked lonely and sad, much different from before. I started to feel sorry for him.
Later that day, I learned what really happened. The kid was Del's little brother and he was crying because their mother fell ill and was sent to hospital. I felt even sorrier for what I said before. I started a rumor （谣言）.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game.
……
Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over.
【答案】At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game. Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. "Hey Gerry," he said. "My name is Jamie." I replied. I wanted to apologize for starting that rumor about him, but I was too ashamed to say it out loudly. "Del, do you want to play kickball with us " I asked instead. He looked surprised but happy at the same time. After a moment of silence, he nodded his head.
Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over: I stood up and shouted to the other kids, "Guys, come here! Let's play kickball together!" Some of them hesitated, but they eventually joined us. Del was smiling again and so were we. As we played, I realized that Del wasn't as bad as I thought he was. He was just a normal kid who wanted to have fun and be accepted by others. From then on, whenever some one tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del. We became good friends, and I learned an important lesson about judging people based on rumors.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者不喜欢一个名叫Del的同学，因为那同学总是称呼作者外号，并且是有名的捣蛋鬼。一次校长把Del叫去办公室，作者透过窗户看到另一个小男孩在哭泣，Del也不高兴，作者认为Del打了人，要被学校开除了，就把自己想象的结果传播给同学，同学们信以为真。Del回到学校后，大家都不和他玩，他很孤独。后来作者知道了真相，校长把Del叫去办公室，是因为他妈妈病了，那个哭泣的小孩是Del的弟弟。作者知道自己传播了谣言，感觉对不起Del，作者主动和Del打招呼，带动其他同学和Del一起玩。他们最终成为好朋友的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"第二天课间休息时，我看见Del独自坐着看踢球比赛。"可知，第一段可描写作者想要主动和Del打招呼，和Del一起玩。②由第二段首句内容"既然Del已经原谅了我，我决定在课间休息结束前做更多的事情。"可知，第二段可描写作者带动其他同学和Del一起玩，通过交流他们成为好朋友。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. 运用了现在分词作状语； I wanted to apologize for starting that rumor about him, but I was too ashamed to say it out loudly. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句； I stood up and shouted to the other kids, "Guys, come here! Let's play kickball together!" 运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补； Some of them hesitated, but they eventually joined us. 运用了转折并列句；Del was smiling again and so were we. 运用了并列句，倒装句；As we played, I realized that Del wasn't as bad as I thought he was. 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句，宾语从句，比较状语从句；He was just a normal kid who wanted to have fun and be accepted by others.运用了限制性定语从句； From then on, whenever some one tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del.运用了时间状语从句； We became good friends, and I learned an important lesson about judging people based on rumors.运用了并列句。
1 / 1江苏省南通市名校联盟2023-2024学年高二（2025届新高三）下学期高考适应性测试卷英语试题
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
Las Vegas can offer a lot more than you expect. Here are the best guided tours to help visitors make the most of their Sin City getaway.
Big Bus Las Vegas—Open Top Night Tour
Admire the glittering lights downtown on this evening double-decker bus tour. Along the drive, you'll pass well-known buildings before hopping off to enjoy the free light shows on Fremont Street. Tour-takers praise the guides for their informative, friendly account.
Passengers can board the buses at the LINQ Promenade starting at 7 p. m. each evening.
Cowboy Trail Rides—Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride
When you need a break from the city life, put on a cowboy ha t and boots for a sunset trail ride through Red Rock Canyon. On the ride, you'll follow a guide through the picturesque desert landscape, watching for wildlife. Travelers warn that it can get chilly on the ride, so they advise wearing warm layers.
Trail Rides are offered Tuesday through Sunday.
Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters—Grand Celebration Tour
Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters' Grand Celebration tour offers bird's-eye views of sought-after sights, like Eagle Point and Lake Mead. The tour also includes a Champagne picnic. The pilots and staff earn praise for their friendliness and professionalism.
There are several daily departure options.
Secret Food Tours—Las Vegas Strip
Every day Secret Food Tours take groups of 10 participants to five-star restaurants on the Strip to sample a variety of cooking delights, including pizza, chocolates and lobster. During the walking tour, highly praised guides teach tour goers about the city's food and culture. Travelers say the food on the tour is plentiful and tasty, but they warn that you'll be doing a lot of walking.
Tickets include all food tastings.
1．What can visitors do during the Open Top Night Tour
A．Admire charged light shows.
B．Explore well-known buildings.
C．Board buses on Fremont Street.
D．Enjoy an evening double decker bus tour.
2．What do the Grand Celebration Tour and Las Vegas Strip have in common
A．Visitors can try a horseback ride.
B．Visitors can have some food to taste.
C．Visitors can enjoy views from high in the air.
D．Visitors can learn about the history of Las Vegas.
3．Which tour is unlikely to offer services every day
A．Secret Food Tours—Las Vegas Strip
B．Big Bus Las Vegas—Open Top Night Tour
C．Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters—Grand Celebration Tour
D．Cowboy Trail Rides—Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
There is plenty of complaints about how social media—texting in particular—may harm children's social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM'ing) and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted （内向的）.
British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were "regular" IM'ers. The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, pain or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their pain—not enough to completely get rid of it, but enough to leave them feeling better.
"Our findings suggest that IM'ing between adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being," the authors write. People who talk with their real-life friends online report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.
Why would digital commutation improve human contact The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may be considered as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show) that the anonymity （匿名） of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safely that may make people feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and truest feelings. Previous research has shown that expressive writing itself can "vent". emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing-so knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend may provide even more comfort Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were painful than extraverts （内向的） did. As Susan Cain, author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World that Can't Stop Talking, wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often full of thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offer; the chance to connect—but in measured amount and from behind a screen.
4．What is the finding of the new study by British researchers
A．Instant messaging will harm children's social and intellectual development.
B．Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.
C．A lot of American teens use instant messaging every day.
D．American teens aged 14 to 18 are addicted to instant messaging.
5．What can be inferred from the results of the study
A．Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling unhappy.
B．Instant messaging can help completely remove teens' negative emotions.
C．Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.
D．Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.
6．What does the digital communication enable users to do
A．Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.
B．Share and discuss more information.
C．Produce more expressive writings.
D．Find more sympathetic friends.
7．What does Susan Cain say about introverts
A．They do not reveal their thoughts to friends, family and colleagues.
B．They tend to feel more unhappy about IM conversations than extraverts.
C．They are more skillful at the art of socializing than extraverts.
D．They at times desire to socialize or talk via social media.
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil's Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface.
Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine （涡轮机） at the Valle Secolo geothermal （地热的） plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany's electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts.
This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world's highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7.
Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy.
While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry's growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns.
Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello, as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir （储备） of steam and water is trapped between Earth's inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy.
But while heat from Earth's core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. "We can't take advantage of a geothermal resource at will," he says.
8．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The landscape in the countryside.
B．The introduction to a geothermal plant.
C．The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany.
D．The process of turning underground steam into heat.
9．Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy
A．People near new plants object to it.
B．Geothermal plants cut down their production.
C．There is very little underground water and steam.
D．People use less electricity by turning down heaters.
10．What is Della Vedova's attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy
A．Unfavorable. B．Unclear. C．Optimistic. D．Cautious.
11．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Where does geothermal energy lead Italy
B．Is the heat from Earth's core really limitless
C．Can energy from underground help power Italy
D．How can geothermal energy be used scientifically
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读理解
Over the past few months, the Let Them Theory has been making waves online. It started when Mel Robbins, a popular motivational speaker, shared it on Instagram. In her video, Robbins talks about the importance of letting go of control in certain situations, advocating for a model shift in how we interact with others.
Robbins insists that too often, we waste time and energy trying to push others into meeting our expectations. Instead, she proposes a simpler, more liberating approach: "letting them" be themselves. "Let them be themselves because they are revealing who they are to you. Just let them. Then, you get to choose what you do next." she said.
Dr. Sophie Mort, a clinical psychologist and mental health expert, offers deeper insights into the psychological foundation of this Theory. She said that our natural desire to control others often originates from a need to relieve our own anxieties and uncertainties. However, such attempts often result in disappointment and exhaustion as we realize the uselessness of our efforts. Basically, the theory emphasizes the acknowledgment that we cannot control the actions or decisions of others. It urges us to give up the burden of forcing our desires onto those closest to us and accept the mindset of acceptance.
While the theory may not be formally recognized in clinical settings, its principles connect with established concepts such as acceptance and mindfulness. It shows the essence of acceptance and commitment therapy, emphasizing the importance of accepting our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Meanwhile, marriage and family therapist Chapell Marsh further explains the resemblance between the theory and the psychological concept of "locus of control."
The theory received a lot of positive responses. Many claim that adopting this approach has fostered harmony and minimized conflicts in their interactions. However, it's urgent to recognize the limitations of the theory. While it promotes acceptance and nonjudgmental attitudes, it must not be employed in situations where safety is compromised or where necessary conversations are avoided. "Avoiding difficult conversations can lead to problems," said Chapell Marsh.
12．What's the core of the Let Them Theory
A．Taking control of others in every situation.
B．Letting others expose their true self to us.
C．Pushing others into meeting our expectations.
D．Insisting on our way of interacting with others.
13．Why do people want to control others according to Dr. Sophie
A．To be satisfied with themselves.
B．To make others accept their mindset.
C．To ease their own worries and doubts.
D．To force their desires onto the closest ones.
14．What does the author convey in paragraph 4
A．The Let Them Theory should be recognized clinically.
B．We should accept our thoughts and feelings without judgement.
C．Marriage and family relationships need psychological concepts.
D．The Let Them Theory is consistent with the existing accepted theories.
15．In which situation should the Let Them Theory be avoided
A．Your friend's safety is being threatened.
B．Someone says something mean behind your back.
C．Your kids don't want to get up and go shopping with you.
D．Your friends are not inviting you out to brunch this weekend.
（2024·南通模拟） 任务型阅读
What's in a Game
Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You've read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do. 　16． 　 Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that's both playable and fun.
The Ohjective
The first thing you'll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward. 　17． 　. For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common—when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win.
　18． 　
Next, you'll need rules to let your players know what they can and can't do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is—and what it isn't. Players need to know what they can and can't do, and what will happen when they do different things.
Meaningful Choices
While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have. 　19． 　. If the same thing happens no matter what choice the player makes, they'll wonder why they have to choose.
Don't Forget to Playtest!
Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn't expect. 　20． 　.
A．The Place
B．The Rules
C．What can your players do
D．What if you could invent your own game
E．Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay
F．The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it
G．Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players
（2024·南通模拟）/span>.第一节，完形填空
Torrie, 16, and her friend Azarria were driving back home when another car hit them. When Torrie opened her eyes, she 21． their car had been pushed into a tree. There came 22． from the gathering crowd as the car was smoking. Torrie's door wouldn't open, but her window became an escape 23． .
"Everyone ran away, fearing the car was going to 24． . But turning around, I didn't see Azarria. I ran back and saw she was 25． in the back seat. I decided to help her out of the 26． ."
"I didn't know how I made it. I just became stronger at that moment," she says. She 27． a bystander to call 911 and started CPR.
After 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths, Azarria began to show 28． of life. Just then, the paramedics 29． to rush Azarria to the nearest hospital.
30． for both girls, their Lakewood High School offers a First-Aid Skills class taught by Erika Miller. Torrie had earned her 31． in the class just the day before this accident.
"I was absolutely astonished," Erika says. "In my years of teaching, I never 32． a student would finish the course and in 24 hours have to 33． CPR on her friend."
"I was grateful to Torrie, but I wasn't surprised."Azarria says. "She would have done that for anyone. That's just 34． of her.
"First-aid training should be a (n) 35． in schools," Torrie says. "It can make a difference between life and death."
21．A．examined B．recognized C．determined D．panicked
22．A．antiques B．breakthroughs C．refreshments D．screams
23．A．route B．frame C．release D．motion
24．A．proceed B．explode C．slip D．crash
25．A．noble B．humble C．swollen D．unconscious
26．A．highlight B．duration C．chaos D．insight
27．A．instructed B．stimulated C．alarmed D．disturbed
28．A．symbols B．routines C．luxury D．signs
29．A．blew up B．relied on C．rolled up D．carried on
30．A．Fortunately B．Literally C．Particularly D．Urgently
31．A．barrier B．certificate C．deadline D．living
32．A．defended B．grasped C．anticipated D．dominated
33．A．perform B．cast C．cite D．expose
34．A．awesome B．elegant C．fond D．typical
35．A．intervention B．requirement C．exception D．perspective
（2024·南通模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Silk Road is neither an actual road nor a single route. It instead refers to a trade network which 　36． 　 (date) from the Han dynasty of China. German geographer and traveler Ferdinand first used the term "silk road" in 1877 C.E. 　37． 　 (describe) the well-traveled pathway of goods between Europe and East Asia. Although the trade network is commonly referred to 　38． 　 the Silk Road, some historians favor the term Silk Routes because it better reflects the many paths 　39． 　 (take) by traders.
One of the most 　40． 　 (influence) travelers of the Silk Road was Marco Polo. He traveled with his father to China when he was just
17. Upon his return, he wrote about his adventures, 　41． 　 (make) him and the routes he traveled famous.
From China, merchants carried silk to Europe, where it was well received by the nobility and wealthy people. 　42． 　 traveled together with silk from Asia were jade, porcelain, tea and spices. In exchange, horses, glassware, textiles and manufactured goods traveled eastward.
The significance of the Silk Road to human history has received widespread 　43． 　 (recognize). Towns along 　44． 　 routes grew into multicultural cities. The exchange of information gave rise to new technologies and innovations 　45． 　 would change the world. Today, parts of the Silk Road are listed on UNESCO's World Heritage List.
46．（2024·南通模拟）假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1．写信目的；2．自荐理由；3．申请参与。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
……
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
47．（2024·南通模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I didn't like Del so much. He always called me the nickname "Germy", which meant "dirty", instead of my real name "Jamie". Besides, he was known as a trouble-maker in school. So when the head teacher Mr. Smith asked Del to come to his office, I naturally thought that Del had done something mean to someone. Through the window, I caught sight of a smaller boy crying. Del seemed unhappy, too.
He did not return to class that day. All of us were discussing what had happened to him. What else could such an annoying boy do "He must have hit the boy and was sent home," I whispered to my friends. Their eyes widened. It felt good to see them so interested in what I said.
The next morning, the whole school was talking about Del being expelled （开除） for beating up a kid. I was surprised that my assumptions were passed on so quickly. So when Del walked into the classroom, all the kids were shocked. The kids next to him shift ed their desks away. "What's your problem " Del asked. "I don't want you to attack me," one kid said. Some laughed. "Yeah, I might," said Del. I could tell he was joking, but many kids thought he admitted he did beat up someone.
During recess （课间休息）, Del tried to join the kickball game. "Neither team wants you," one of the players said. "Why " Del asked, looking confused. "I always play with you guys." They ignored him and went on playing. Del sat by himself while the rest of the school enjoyed their recess away from him. Del looked lonely and sad, much different from before. I started to feel sorry for him.
Later that day, I learned what really happened. The kid was Del's little brother and he was crying because their mother fell ill and was sent to hospital. I felt even sorrier for what I said before. I started a rumor （谣言）.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game.
……
Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向游客介绍了去拉斯维加斯旅游的几个最佳之旅。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Big Bus Las Vegas — Open Top Night Tour部分中的"Admire the glittering lights down town on this evening double-decker bus tour "在这个晚上的双层巴士之旅中，欣赏市中心闪烁的灯光。"可知，游客在敞篷夜游期间可以享受晚上的双层巴士之旅。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Papillon Grand Canyon Helicopters — Grand Celebration Tour部分中的"The tour also includes a Champagne picnic "次旅行还包括一次香槟野餐；以及Secret Food Tours — Las Vegas Strip部分中的"Every day Secret Food Tours take groups of 10 participants to five-star restaurants on the Strip to sample a variety of cooking delights, including pizza, chocolates and lobster. "每天，秘密美食之旅都会带着10人一组的参与者去拉斯维加斯大道上的五星级餐厅品尝各种烹饪美食，包括披萨、巧克力和龙虾。可知，盛大庆典之旅和拉斯维加斯大道的共同点是游客可以品尝一些食物。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据Cowboy Trail Rides — Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride部分中的"Trail Rides are offered Tuesday through Sunday"周二至周日提供步道骑行，可知，Cowboy Trail Rides — Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride不太可能每天都提供服务。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．A
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍即时通讯和发短信的使用可能为内向者带来好处：可以在屏幕的后面进行社交或者交谈，从而有利于消极情绪的缓解。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM'ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted (内向的)."但一项新的研究表明，青少年经常使用即时通讯和发短信也可能有好处，尤其是对那些内向的人。可知，这项新研究发现内向的青少年可能会从持续的即时通讯中受益。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, pain or anger."在其中100次聊天中，研究参与者是在悲伤、痛苦或愤怒等消极情绪状态下开始使用即时通讯的。可知，青少年在悲伤、痛苦或愤怒等消极情绪状态更有可能发送即时信息。故选A。
6．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may be considered as embarrassing or sources of discomfort."原因很复杂，但可能与这样一个事实有关，即用户可以通过即时通讯控制悲伤和其他情绪的表达，而不会流露出一些可能被认为令人尴尬或不舒服的情感元素，比如眼泪。可知，数字通信使用户能够避免尴尬和不适。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"As Susan Cain, author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World that Can't Stop Talking, wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often full of thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offer; the chance to connect—but in measured amount and from behind a screen."正如《安静:一个不停说话的世界里内向者的力量》一书的作者苏珊·凯恩最近在《时代》杂志上所写的那样：内向者经常充满思想，对他们的朋友、家人和同事非常关心。但即使是最擅长社交的内向者，有时也渴望不参加社交活动或打电话。这就是互联网所提供的；连接的机会——但是数量有限，而且要隔着屏幕。可知，内向者不喜欢参加现实生活中的社交活动或者打电话，但是有时会通过社交媒体进行社交或交谈。故选D。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；自然地理类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了意大利拉德雷洛地区丰富的地热资源，如何被利用来为当地居民提供能源，并探讨了地热资源可持续利用的重要性。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段"Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany's electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts."与托斯卡纳其他地区连绵起伏的丘陵和柏树林立的道路不同，这里的风景被几十座灰色的冷却塔覆盖，散发着白色的蒸汽。山谷塞科洛地热发电厂震耳欲聋的涡轮机的轰鸣声打破了宁静，但它猛烈的旋转将地下升起的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。托斯卡纳约30%的电力来自这种能源。在发电后，剩余的蒸汽为附近的地区加热水。可知，第二段描述了在托斯卡纳地区地热能的应用。它提到了瓦莱塞科洛地热发电厂，该发电厂将地下冒出的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。它还提到，托斯卡纳大约30%的电力来自这种能源。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第五段"While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry's growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns."冰岛和肯尼亚等国正在利用本国的地热资源，而意大利的地热产业发展却进展缓慢。高昂的安装成本和困难的开采构成了重大障碍。此外，新工厂经常因为健康问题遭到附近社区的反对。可知，意大利地热产业发展缓慢是因为高昂的设立成本和提取困难，也是因为新建工厂经常因为健康担忧而遭到附近社区的反对。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"But while heat from Earth's core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. ‘We can't take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,' he says."但是，虽然地核的热量实际上是无穷无尽的，但它在地球上加热的水却不是。因此，Della Vedova表示，恢复地下水供应并可持续地利用它们对未来至关重要。"我们不能随意利用地热资源"，他说。可知，Della Vedova对地热能源前景抱有谨慎的态度。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第四段"Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy."Bruno Della Vedova是意大利地热联盟的主席，他希望将来意大利的其他地区也能从这种资源中受益。当全世界都在向可再生能源过渡时，这种资源是极其重要的；以及全文可知，本文描述了意大利托斯卡纳地区的地热能源如何被用来为当地居民提供电力和供暖，并强调了这种能源在能源供应中的重要性。同时也提到了地热能源的前景和挑战，以及意大利地热联盟主席Bruno Della Vedova对地热能源的看法和态度。"来自地下的能源能帮助为意大利供电吗？"概括了文章的主要内容。故选C。
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Let Them理论的核心观点，即让他人展示他们真实的自我，而我们不能控制人的行为或决定。同时，文章也讨论了这个理论的心理基础，以及它与接受和正念等已经建立的概念的联系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Let them be themselves because they are revealing who they are to you. Just let them. Then, you get to choose what you do next."让他们做他们自己，因为他们正在向你展示他们是谁。就让他们展示吧。然后，你可以选择你接下来要做什么。可知，Let Them理论的核心是让他人向我们展示他们真实的自我。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"She said that our natural desire to control others often originates from a need to relieve our own anxieties and uncertainties."她说，我们控制他人的自然欲望往往源于缓解我们自己的焦虑和不确定性的需要。可知，人们想要控制他人是为了缓解自己的焦虑和疑虑。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"It shows the essence of acceptance and commitment therapy, emphasizing the importance of accepting our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Meanwhile, marriage and family therapist Chapell Marsh further explains the resemblance between the theory and the psychological concept of ‘locus of control.'"它展示了接受和承诺疗法的本质，强调了不加评判地接受自己的想法和感受的重要性。同时，婚姻家庭治疗师Chapell Marsh进一步解释了该理论与心理学概念"控制点"的相似之处。可推知，Let Them理论与现有的接受的理论是一致的。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"While it promotes acceptance and nonjudgmental attitudes, it must not be employed in situations where safety is compromised or where necessary conversations are avoided."虽然它提倡接受和无评判的态度，但在安全受到威胁或者需要避免必要的对话的情况下，不应该使用这个理论。可推知，当你的朋友的安全受到威胁时，应该避免使用Let Them理论。故选A。
【答案】16．D；17．G；18．B；19．E；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了创造一款游戏的一些指导原则。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You've read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do."想象一下你和你的朋友在某个周六无所事事地坐在一起。你读过所有的书，看过所有的电影，玩过所有的游戏。绝对没有什么可做的了。描述了一幅周六和朋友在一起无所事事的无聊场景；以及空后"Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that's both playable and fun."这里有一些指导原则可以帮助你创造一款既可玩又有趣的新游戏。引出了创造一款游戏的建议，D．What if you could invent your own game"如果你能发明自己的游戏会怎么样？"承上启下。符合语境，故选D。
17．根据空前"The first thing you'll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward."要设计一款好玩的游戏，你需要做的第一件事就是为玩家设定一个目标。说明目标在游戏设计中的重要性；以及空后"For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win."例如，曲棍球游戏和Risk(一种纸牌游戏)有一个共同点——当一名玩家或团队达到最终目标时，他们就赢了。举例说明了游戏中要有明确的目标设定。G．Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players"目标可以有多种形式，但玩家必须清楚这些目标。"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
18．根据空后"Next, you'll need rules to let your players know what they can and can't do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn't. Players need to know what they can and can't do, and what will happen when they do different things."接下来，你需要制定规则，让玩家知道他们能做什么，不能做什么。似乎没有规则的游戏会更有趣。你可以做任何你想做的事！不幸的是，这通常会导致困惑的玩家争论游戏应该如何玩。规则设定了限制，定义了什么是游戏，什么不是游戏。玩家需要知道他们能做什么和不能做什么，以及当他们做不同的事情时会发生什么。说明了设定游戏规则的重要性。B．The Rules"规则"能够概括本段内容，符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空前"While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have."当你在创造规则时，考虑玩家将做出的选择以及这些选择将产生的影响。说明制定规则时，需要考虑到玩家的选择。E．Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay"玩家做出的每一个选择都必须对游戏玩法产生影响。"承接上文，进一步解释玩家选择的影响，符合语境。故选E。
20．根据空前"Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn't expect."你在商店里看到的任何游戏都经历了多次测试和修改。对你来说很清楚的规则可能会让别人感到困惑。你可能会遇到意想不到的情况；以及本段小标题"Don't Forget to Playtest!"不要忘记测试！可知，本段强调了测试游戏的重要性，有助于解决让玩家困惑的情况，F．The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it"确保你的游戏具有可玩性和趣味性的最佳方法便是进行测试。"是对上文问题给出明确解决办法。符合语境。故选F。
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Torrie和她的朋友Azarria遭遇车祸，以及Torrie在紧急情况下利用她在急救课程中学习的技能来救助Azarria的过程。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：当Torrie睁开眼睛时，她意识到她们的车被撞到了一棵树上。A. examined"检查"；B. recognized"认出，意识到"；C. determined"决定"；D. panicked"使……惊慌"。根据空后"their car had been pushed into a tree"可知，Torrie睁开眼睛时意识到车被撞到了一棵树上。故选B。
22．句意：随着汽车冒烟，聚集的人群发出了尖叫声。A. antiques"古董"；B. breakthroughs"突破"；C. refreshments"恢复"；D. screams"尖叫"。根据空后"as the car was smoking"以及常识可知，当看到汽车冒烟时，人群中发出了尖叫声。故选D。
23．句意：Torrie的车门打不开，但她的窗户成了逃生通道。A. route"路线"；B. frame"结构，框"；C. release"释放，放行"；D. motion"移动，动作"。根据空前"Torrie's door wouldn't open"可推测，窗户成了逃生通道。故选A。
24．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。" A. proceed"开始，继续进行"；B. explode"爆炸"；C. slip"滑倒"；D. crash"撞毁"。根据上文"as the car was smoking"；以及空前"Everyone ran away"可知，人们担心汽车会爆炸，所以都跑了。故选B。
25．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。"A. noble"高贵的"；B. humble"谦逊的"；C. swollen"肿大的"；D. unconscious"失去知觉的"。根据上文可知，Azarria并没有逃出来，可推断，她此时应该是失去知觉的状态。故选D。
26．句意："大家都跑了，担心汽车会爆炸。但当我转身时，我没看到Azarria。我跑回去，看到她在后座上昏迷不醒。我决定把她从混乱中救出来。"A. highlight"精彩部分"；B. duration"期间"；C. chaos"混乱"；D. insight"洞察力"。根据上文"Everyone ran away, fearing the car was going to 4 ."可知，此时一片混乱，大家都很慌乱。故选C。
27．句意：她让一个旁观者拨打911，并开始心肺复苏。A. instructed"指导，指示"；B. stimulated "刺激"；C. alarmed"警告"；D. disturbed"扰乱"。根据空后"started CPR"可知，Torrie在为朋友做心肺复苏，可推知，她是让旁观者拨打911。故选A。
28．句意：经过30次胸部按压和两次人工呼吸后，Azarria开始显示出生命迹象。A. symbols"符号，象征"；B. routines"例行公事"；C. luxury"奢侈品"；D. signs"手势，符号，迹象"。根据空前"After 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths"；以及下文"‘I was grateful to Torrie, but I wasn't surprised.' Azarria says."可知，Azarria有了生命的迹象。故选D。
29．句意：就在这时，急救人员赶到，将Azarria送往最近的医院。A. blew up"爆炸"；B. relied on"依赖"；C. rolled up"卷起，到达"；D. carried on"继续从事"。根据空后"to rush Azarria to the nearest hospital"可知，急救人员赶到了，并把Azarria送去了医院。故选C。
30．句意：幸运的是，这两个女孩所在的莱克伍德高中开设了由Erika Miller教授的急救技能课程。A. Fortunately"幸运地"；B. Literally"逐字地，确实地"；C. Particularly"尤其"；D. Urgently "迫切地"。根据空后"their Lakewood High School offers a First-Aid Skills class taught by Erika Miller"；以及上文"She 7 a bystander to call 911 and started CPR"可推知，正是由于Torrie的急救知识和措施，Azarria才获救。所以说，对她们而言，学校开设急救技能课程是幸运的。故选A。
31．句意：Torrie在事故发生前一天刚刚在这门课上获得了证书。A. barrier"障碍"；B. certificate"证书"；C. deadline"截止日期"；D. living"生存，生活"。根据下文"I never 12 a student would finish the course"可推测，Torrie在事故发生前一天完成了课程，由此可知，她获得了证书。故选B。
32．句意："我简直惊呆了，"Erika说。"在我多年的教学生涯中，我从未预料到会有学生在完成课程后的24小时内对她的朋友进行心肺复苏术。"A. defended"防御"；B. grasped"抓住"；C. anticipated"预期"；D. dominated"支配，控制"。根据空后"a student would finish the course and in 24 hours have to 13 CPR on her friend"可知，这是Erika所没有预想到的。故选C。
33．句意："我简直惊呆了，"Erika说。"在我多年的教学生涯中，我从未预料到会有学生在完成课程后的24小时内对她的朋友进行心肺复苏术。"A. perform"履行，实施"；B. cast"掷，投射"；C. cite"引用"；D. expose"揭露，使面临"。根据上文"She 7 a bystander to call 911 and started CPR."可知，Torrie为好友进行了心肺复苏。故选A。
34．句意："我很感激Torrie，但我并不感到惊讶。"Azarria说。"她会为任何人做那件事的。她就是这样的人。"A. awesome"可怕的，精彩的"；B. elegant"优雅的"；C. fond"喜爱的"；D. typical"典型的，有代表性的"。根据上文"She would have done that for anyone."可知，Torrie就是一个乐于助人的人。be typical of固定短语，"具有……的特点"，故选D。
35．句意："急救培训应该是学校的必备要求，"Torrie说。"这关系到我们的生死。"A. intervention "介入"；B. requirement"要求"；C. exception"例外"；D. perspective"远景，看法"。根据下文"It can make a difference between life and death."可知，Torrie认为这项技能可以挽救别人的生命，所以应该是学校的必备要求。故选B。
【答案】36．dates；37．to describe；38．as；39．taken；40．influential；41．making；42．what；43．recognition；44．the；45．that/which
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的起源及影响力。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词、定语从句、非谓语动词、副词、冠词、形容词、介词、被动语态等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：相反，它指的是一个可以追溯到中国汉代的贸易网络。空格处为定语从句中的谓语动词，date from是固定短语，意"追溯到……"，与句子主语（关系代词which指代的a trade network）构成主动关系，应使用主动语态；根据主句谓语动词refers（一般现在时态），可知空格是应使用一般现在时态的主动语态，故填dates。
37．句意：1877年，德国地理学家和旅行家费迪南德首次使用"丝绸之路"一词来描述欧洲和东亚之间的货物流通之路。根据句意，空格后的" 2 (describe) the well-traveled pathway of goods between Europe and East Asia描述欧洲和东亚之间的货物流通之路"是空格前"German geographer and traveler Ferdinand first used the term "silk road" in 1877 C.E.1877年，德国地理学家和旅行家费迪南德首次使用"丝绸之路"一词"的目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式，故填to describe。
38．句意：虽然贸易网络通常被称为丝绸之路，但一些历史学家更喜欢丝绸之路这个词，因为它更好地反映了商人们走过的许多道路。根据句意，可知空格后的the Silk Road是主语the trade network的身份，所以应使用"as+表示身份的名词"的结构，故填as。
39．句意：虽然贸易网络通常被称为丝绸之路，但一些历史学家更喜欢丝绸之路这个词，因为它更好地反映了商人们走过的许多道路。根据句意"商人们走过的许多道路"，可知此处是非谓语动词短语作定语；非谓语动词短语" 4 (take) by traders"作后置定语，与所修饰名词"the many paths"构成被动、完成的关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填taken。
40．句意：马可·波罗是丝绸之路上最有影响力的旅行家之一。他17岁时随父亲去中国旅行。空格前的the most修饰空格处的形容词，构成形容词最高级，用来修饰名词travelers，表示"最有影响力的旅行家"，故填influential。
41．句意：回国后，他写下了他的冒险经历，使他和他的旅行路线出名。非谓语动词短语" 6 (make) him and the routes he traveled famous"作定语，与所修饰的主句构成主动关系，应使用V-ing形式，故填making。
42．句意：与丝绸一起从亚洲来的还有玉器、瓷器、茶叶和香料。主句谓语动词were前的主语从句中缺少主语， 表语" jade, porcelain, tea and spices玉器、瓷器、茶叶和香料"都是指物，所以应使用关系代词what，表示"与丝绸一起从亚洲来的（物品）"，故填What。
43．句意：丝绸之路对人类历史的重要意义已得到广泛认可。谓语动词has received是及物动词，其后需要名词作宾语，空格前的形容词widespread修饰空格处的名词，recognize的名词recognition是不可数名词，故填recognition。
44．句意：沿途的城镇发展成为多元文化的城市。此处特指丝绸之路这条线路，应用定冠词，故填the。
45．句意：信息的交流产生了改变世界的新技术和创新。根据句意，可知空格后的" 10 would change the world"作定语，修饰先行词new technologies and innovations，表示"改变世界的新技术和创新"；定语从句中缺少谓语动词would change前的主语，所以应使用关系代词；先行词new technologies and innovations指物，故填which/that。
46．【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can't wait to apply for the position.
As a citizen, it's my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it's easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I've gained relevant experience.
So, I firmly believe that I'm the very person you're looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给报社写一封英文申请信。写作背景： 听闻《中国日报》为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1．写信目的；2．自荐理由；3．申请参与。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can't wait to apply for the position.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句，结果状语从句；As a citizen, it's my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. 运用了it作形式主语。In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it's easy for me to get along well with others. 运用了it作形式主语； Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I've gained relevant experience.运用了并列句，非限制性定语从句；
So, I firmly believe that I'm the very person you're looking for. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience.运用了固定句式I would appreciate it if...。
47．【答案】At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game. Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. "Hey Gerry," he said. "My name is Jamie." I replied. I wanted to apologize for starting that rumor about him, but I was too ashamed to say it out loudly. "Del, do you want to play kickball with us " I asked instead. He looked surprised but happy at the same time. After a moment of silence, he nodded his head.
Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over: I stood up and shouted to the other kids, "Guys, come here! Let's play kickball together!" Some of them hesitated, but they eventually joined us. Del was smiling again and so were we. As we played, I realized that Del wasn't as bad as I thought he was. He was just a normal kid who wanted to have fun and be accepted by others. From then on, whenever some one tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del. We became good friends, and I learned an important lesson about judging people based on rumors.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者不喜欢一个名叫Del的同学，因为那同学总是称呼作者外号，并且是有名的捣蛋鬼。一次校长把Del叫去办公室，作者透过窗户看到另一个小男孩在哭泣，Del也不高兴，作者认为Del打了人，要被学校开除了，就把自己想象的结果传播给同学，同学们信以为真。Del回到学校后，大家都不和他玩，他很孤独。后来作者知道了真相，校长把Del叫去办公室，是因为他妈妈病了，那个哭泣的小孩是Del的弟弟。作者知道自己传播了谣言，感觉对不起Del，作者主动和Del打招呼，带动其他同学和Del一起玩。他们最终成为好朋友的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"第二天课间休息时，我看见Del独自坐着看踢球比赛。"可知，第一段可描写作者想要主动和Del打招呼，和Del一起玩。②由第二段首句内容"既然Del已经原谅了我，我决定在课间休息结束前做更多的事情。"可知，第二段可描写作者带动其他同学和Del一起玩，通过交流他们成为好朋友。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. 运用了现在分词作状语； I wanted to apologize for starting that rumor about him, but I was too ashamed to say it out loudly. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句； I stood up and shouted to the other kids, "Guys, come here! Let's play kickball together!" 运用了祈使句，省略to的不定式作宾补； Some of them hesitated, but they eventually joined us. 运用了转折并列句；Del was smiling again and so were we. 运用了并列句，倒装句；As we played, I realized that Del wasn't as bad as I thought he was. 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句，宾语从句，比较状语从句；He was just a normal kid who wanted to have fun and be accepted by others.运用了限制性定语从句； From then on, whenever some one tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del.运用了时间状语从句； We became good friends, and I learned an important lesson about judging people based on rumors.运用了并列句。
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