八年级英语下册全单元课件 Unit 1 What’s the matter (共255张PPT，无音频)

(共255张PPT)
Period 1 Section A(1a-2d)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
教材原图
—What’s the matter/‘m t (r)/ ①
—I have a cold.
—What’s the matter
—I have a stomachache/‘st m ke k/. ②
—I have a sore/s (r)/ back.
1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body.
h arm ____ back ____ ear
____eye ____ foot/f t/③ ____ hand
____ head ____ leg ____ mouth
____ neck/nek/ ____ nose
____ stomach/'st m k/ ____ tooth
e
g
i
b
a
j
l
c
d
m
k
f
1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names [1-5].
Nancy/'n nsi/______ Sarah 1 .
David ______ Ben______ Judy/'d u di/______
2
3
4
5
1c Look at the picture. What are the students’ problems Make conversations.
A: What’s the matter with Judy
B: She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water. ④ She has a very sore throat/θr t/ now.
2a Listen and number the pictures [1-5] in the order you hear them.
2 4 3 1 5
2b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice.
1. fever/'fi v (r)/ a. lie/la / down and rest /rest/ ⑤
2. stomachache b. drink some hot tea with honey
3. cough/k f/,/k f/ c. see a dentist and get
and sore throat an X-ray/'eks re /
4. toothache/'tu θe k/ d. take your temperature
5. cut myself e. put some medicine on it
介词短语作定语，放在名词的后面，“with honey”修饰“hot tea”。
发音以元音音素开头，前面使用不定冠词时要用an
take one’s
temperature
量某人的体温
2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.
A: What’s the matter
B: My head feels very hot.
A: Maybe you have a fever... ⑥
B: ...
2d Role- play the conversation.
Mandy/'m ndi/: Lisa, are you OK
Lisa: I have a headache/'hede k/ and I can’t move my neck. What should I do Should I take my temperature
Mandy: No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. What did you do on the weekend
Lisa: I played computer games all weekend.
后接表语从句，like 作连词，
相当于as if/as though。
Mandy: That’s probably why. You need to take breaks/bre ks/ away from the computer. ⑦
Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. ⑧
Mandy: I think you should lie down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt/h (r)t/ tomorrow, then go to a doctor.⑨
Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.
介词for 后接一段时间，常与延续性动词（短语）或表示状态的短语连用。
1 What’s the matter
(1) What’s the matter 怎么了？
常用来询问对方的病情。还可以用来询问某人发生了什么不愉快的事情；某物出了什么故障。
—What’s the matter, Dad 怎么了，爸爸？
—I have a toothache. I have to see a dentist.
我牙疼。我必须去看牙医。
—What’s the matter 怎么了？
—I didn’t pass the English exam. 我没有通过英语考试。
What’s the matter with your watch 你的手表怎么了？
敲黑板
matter/trouble/problem 为名词，其前加the；wrong 为形容词，其前不加the。
“你怎么了？”的常见表达：:
① What’s the matter/ trouble/problem (with you）
② What’s wrong (with you)
③ What’s up (with you)
④ What happened (to you)
⑤ Is there anything wrong (with you)
考题1: —What’s ______ matter with you, Jerry
—I have a headache.
A. a B. / C. the
C
【点拨】用固定搭配法。What’s the matter with sb. “某人怎么了 ”，固定搭配。
(2) matter /'m t (r)/ n. 问题；事情
As a matter of fact, I didn’t know the truth. 事实上，我不知道真相。
No matter how bad you feel, keep trying.
不管你感觉多么糟糕，继续努力。
拓展： matter 还可以作动词，意为“事关紧要；要紧”。常用于构成句子：It doesn’t matter.（没关系。/无所谓。），用于情景交际中。
It doesn’t matter to me what you do. 你做什么对我来说无所谓。
matter 作名词时的常见搭配：
① What’s the matter (with...) （……）怎么了？
② as a matter of fact 事实上
③ no matter 不重要；不要紧
④ no matter how/what 无论怎样/ 什么
考题2: What’s the ___________（事情）with Bob He looks very down.
matter
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温馨提示：可返回原文
2 I have a stomachache.
(1) have /h v/ v. 患病
“have+a/an+表示疾病的名词”表示患某种疾病或某个身体部位不适。have 也可替换为get 或catch。
Please be careful not to have a cold. 请小心不要感冒了。
I have a headache and a cough. And I don’t feel like eating.我头痛而且咳嗽。我不想吃东西。
Have you got a fever 你发烧了吗？
敲黑板“have + a/an+表示疾病的名词”一般不用于进行时态。
(2) stomachache /'st m ke k/ n. 胃痛；腹痛
stomachache 由“stomach（胃）+ ache（疼痛）”构成。
Don’t let him eat too much. He has a stomachache!
不要让他吃太多。他肚子疼！
I have a fever and I have a little headache.
我发烧了，有点头疼。
I couldn’t sleep well with my toothache. 我牙疼得无法入睡。
常见的由have 构成的表示身体部位不适的短语有：
have a headache 头疼
have a cold 感冒
have a toothache 牙疼
have a fever 发烧
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
have a cough 咳嗽
构词法记单词
“表示身体部位的名词+-ache”常用来表示“……痛”，
类似的表达有：
tooth + ache =toothache（牙痛）
head + ache =headache（头痛）
back + ache =backache （背痛）
考题3: I ate too much and had a _____________ (胃痛) yesterday.
stomachache
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3 foot
foot /f t/ n. 脚；足
We walk with our feet. 我们用脚走路。
He goes to school on foot every day.
=He walks to school every day. 他每天步行去上学。
We had a picnic at the foot of a mountain.我们在山脚下野餐了。
The child was covered with mud from head to foot.
这个小孩从头到脚被泥覆盖了。
复数形式为feet。
go to ... on foot
= walk to ...
步行去……
由foot 构成的短语：
① on foot 步行
② at the foot of... 在……的脚下
③ from head to foot 从头到脚
考题4: Spiders are insects with eight _________（foot）.
考题5: [重庆A 卷] 他更喜欢走路上学，因为那是好的锻炼(方式)。
He prefers to go to school _________ _________ because it’s
good exercise.
feet
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【点拨】用关键词法。eight 后加可数名词复数。
on foot
4 She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.
(1)too much 太多
辨析：too much, too many 与much too
too much “太多”。修饰动词时，位于动词之后；修饰不可数名词时，位于名词之前。
too many “太多”。修饰可数名词，位于名词之前。
much too “太”。修饰形容词或副词，位于它们之前。
敲黑板 没有many too 的表达！
Eating too much is bad for your health.
吃得太多对你的健康有害。
After the heavy rain, there was too much water in the river.
大雨过后，河里有太多的水。
一语辨异
There were too many people and too much food at the party. He was much too happy.
在聚会上有那么多的人，那么多的食物，他太高兴了。
考题6: He talked _______ and everyone got bored.
A. too much B. too many
C. much too D. many too
A
(2)(高频)enough / 'n f/ det. & adv. 足够的(地)；充足的(地)
① enough 作限定词，一般修饰复数名词或不可数名词。
People have enough food to eat now.
现在人们有足够的食物吃。
There aren’t enough books for everyone
to have one each.
没有足够的书让每个人都有一本。
速记小法
enough 的位置：
修饰名词在其前，
修饰形副在其后。
② enough 作副词时，常用于修饰其他副词或形容词，一般置于被修饰词之后。
Lucy sings well enough. 露西唱得足够好。
He is confident enough to make a speech in front of the public. 他足够自信，可以在公众面前发表演讲。
谚语
One man’s trash is another man’s treasure.
彼之砒霜，吾之蜜糖。
考题7: Amy did very well in her report. She is _______ to pay attention to every detail.
A. enough careful B. careful enough
C. enough careless D. careless enough
B
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【点拨】用排除法及句意理解法。enough 修饰形容词或副词时，应后置，可排除A 与C；B 项意为“足够细心”；D 项意为“足够粗心”，根据句意可知答案。
5 lie down and rest
(1) lie /la / v. 躺；平躺
辨析：lie 与lay
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie vi. 躺；位于 lay lain lying
vi. 说谎 lied lying lay
lay vt. 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying
He lay down and had a rest. 他躺下休息。
There is a book lying on the ground. 地上有一本书。
China lies in the east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。
Please tell me the truth. Don’t lie to me again.
请告诉我真相。不要再对我说谎了。
The hen lays an egg every day. 这只母鸡每天下一个蛋。
拓展：lie 还可以作名词，意为“谎言”。tell a lie /lies 意为“说谎”。
He often tells lies and nobody trusts him.他经常说谎，没有人相信他。
躺下
图解助记
速记小法
规则是说谎(lie-lied-lied)，
不规则是躺(lie-lay-lain)。
躺过就下蛋(lay-laid-laid)，
下蛋不规则。
考题8: After working all day, he couldn’t wait to _________ /la / down on the sofa at home.
考题9: Dazhou _________（lie）in China’s southwest area and has a long history of more than 1, 900 years.
lie
lies
(2) rest /rest/ v. & n. 放松；休息
① rest 作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。
Rest your eyes every two hours.
每两个小时让你的眼睛休息一下。
He was tired and stopped to rest.
他累了，然后停下来去休息了。
vt.
vi.
② rest 还可以作名词，have/ take a rest 意为“休息”。
I’ll have a deep rest and make myself comfortable.
我要好好休息一下，让自己舒服点。
Let’s have a look at the TV guide and see what’s on.
咱们看看电视节目单，看看有什么节目。
拓展：rest 作名词时还可意为“剩余部分”。
We’ll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for lunch.
我们将吃一些面包，剩下的留到午饭吃。
The rest of the apples are for you. 剩余的苹果是给你的。
the rest of... 剩余的……
由have a +名词”构成的短语还有：
have a break 休息一下
have a swim 游泳
have a walk 散步
have a look 看一看
have a try 试一试
have a talk 谈一谈
考题10: 他太累了，不得不十分钟休息一次。
He was too tired and had to __________ _______ _______ every ten minutes.
have/take a rest
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【点拨】have / take a rest “休息”；have to 后接动词原形。
6 Maybe you have a fever...
maybe /'me bi/ adv. 也许；可能
辨析：maybe 与may be
maybe 作副词，意为“也许；可能”，常位于句首作状语。相当于perhaps。
may be 为“情态动词+ be”结构，在句中作谓语，意为“也许；可能”，放在主语之后。后接名词、代词或形容词等。
口诀助记
maybe 与may be：
合并作状语，
分开作谓语。
舍maybe 仍有意，
丢may be 可不成。
Maybe you left it at home. 也许你把它落在家里了。
I can’t find my watch. It may be in your bag.
我找不到我的手表。它可能在你的包里。
Maybe the girl is a teacher. = The girl may be a teacher.
也许这个女孩是一名老师。
敲黑板
maybe 和may be可以进行句型转换，但要做些改变。
考题11: Let’s ask Mr. Green. _______ he knows the answer.
A. Maybe B. May be
C. So D. However
A
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7 You need to take breaks away from the computer.
break /bre k/ n. 间歇；休息
I thought a 15-minute break from his work would be good for him.
我认为他停下工作休息15 分钟对他会有好处。
It’s time for us to take breaks. 到我们休息的时间了。
take breaks/take a break，意为“休息”。
拓展：break 还可以作动词，意为“（使）破、裂、碎；打破（纪录）；违反”。其过去式为broke。
I broke eggs and put a cold piece of butter into a bowl.
我打破鸡蛋，然后把一块冷黄油放进碗里。
The movie broke all box-office records.
这部影片打破了所有的票房记录。
Don’t break the traffic rules. We must wait.
不要违反交通规则。我们必须等。
谚语记单词
One arrow is easy to break, but ten arrows are hard to break. 一箭易断，十箭难折。
考题12: 医生建议我们久坐之后要稍事休息。
Doctors advise us to ________ ________ after sitting for a long time.
take breaks
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8 Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
(高频)without /w ' a t/ prep. 无；没有
without 后接名词、代词或动名词。其反义词为with。
Fish can’t live without water. 鱼没有水不能活。
This is my new bike. I can’t go to school without it.
这是我的新自行车。没有它，我不能去上学。
It’s wrong that he left his home without telling his parents.
他没有告诉父母就离开了家是不对的。
She came back with a book in her hand.
她回来了，手里拿着一本书。
谚语记单词
A friend without faults will never be found.
没有十全十美的朋友。
谚语
Learn from past mistakes and become wiser.
吃一堑，长一智。
考题13: —Maria. You have made such a great progress in English.
—Thanks, Ms. Chen. I can’t make it ______ your help.
A. with B. without C. for
B
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【点拨】用词义辨析法。with 有，具有；without 没有；for 为了。根据“I can’t make it ... your help.”可知，此处指没有对方的帮助，自己的英语不能取得很大进步。
9 If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.
(1)(高频)if / f/ conj. 如果
if 作“如果”讲时，引导条件状语从句，主句常用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
I will come to help you if I finish my homework tomorrow.
如果明天我完成了我的作业，我将来帮助你。
拓展：if 还有“是否”之意，引导宾语从句。
He asks me if I will come here tomorrow.
他问我明天我是否会来这里。
一语辨异:
I don’t know if (是否) he will come to your party. If he comes, I will call you. 我不知道他是否会来参加你的聚会。如果他来，我将给你打电话。
考题14: He _______ much healthier if he _______ enough exercise in his free time.
A. is; take B. will be; takes C. will be; take
B
【点拨】用语法判定法。if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。从句主语是he，动词用三单。
(2) hurt /h (r)t/ v.（使）疼痛；受伤(hurt—hurt—hurt)
hurt 作“感到疼痛”讲时，是不及物动词，其主语常常是身体部位；作“（使）疼痛；受伤”讲时，常作及物动词，其宾语常常是身体部位或人。
hurt oneself“伤着某人自己”。
Her head often hurts. 她经常头疼。
My friend fell off the bike and hurt his legs.
我的朋友从自行车上掉下来，伤了腿。
The old man fell down and hurt himself.
那位老人跌倒了，伤着了他自己。
敲黑板
hurt 作“受伤”讲时，可以指肉体上的伤，也可以指精神上的伤。
考题15: His foot h badly yesterday and he had to see a doctor.
urt
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Period 2 Section A (3a-3c)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
3a Read the passage. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book How do you know
Bus Driver and Passengers/'p s nd (r)z/
Save an Old Man
At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.① A woman next to him was shouting for help.
在几点钟用介词at
介词短语作定语，放在被修饰词之后
The bus driver, 24 -year- old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. ② He got off/ f/, / f/ and asked the woman what happened. ③
She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly. He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. ④
But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. ⑤ Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto/' ntu/, /'ɑ ntu/ the bus.
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. ⑥“It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble/'tr bl/,” ⑦ says one passenger. “But the driver didn’t think about himself. He only thought about saving a life.”
形式主语
真正的主语
3b Read the passage again and check (√) the things that happened in the story.
1. _____Wang Ping was the driver of bus No.26 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday.
2. _____Bus No.26 hit/h t/ an old man on Zhonghua Road. ⑧
3. _____The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away.
相当于at once、in a second、in a moment、right now、in no time、 immediately 等，意为“立即；马上”。
√
√
4. _____The passengers on the bus did not want to go to the hospital, so only Wang Ping went with the woman and old man.
5. _____Some passengers helped to get the old man onto the bus.
6. _____ The old man got to the hospital in time.
√
√
3c Discuss the questions with a partner.
1. Why was Wang Ping surprised that the passengers agreed to go to the hospital with him
2. Did the passengers think Wang Ping did the right thing How do you know
3. Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble Why or why not
陷入困境/麻烦
1 ...when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
When I came in, I saw her doing her homework.
当我进来时，我看到她正在做作业。
辨析：see sb. doing sth. 与see sb. do sth.
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 强调看到某动作正在发生（不一定是全过程）。
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事 强调看到某动作经常发生或看到动作发生的全过程。
I often see them play sports on the playground.
我经常看到他们在操场上做运动。
图解助记
小贴士
类似用法的词还有watch（观看；注视）、noti ce（注意到）、hear（听到）等。该类词后面接doing sth. 时，强调动作正在进行；后接do sth. 时，强调动作的经常性或完整性。
考题1: I saw Lily _______ when I passed her room.
A. dance B. dancing C. to dance
B
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【点拨】用语境分析法。根据“when I passed her room”可知，此处是指看到Lily 正在跳舞。
2 The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.
(1)基数词-year-old ……岁的
辨析：“基数词- year - old”与“基数词 + year(s) old”
基数词- year-old 作形容词，意 为“……岁的”。 词与词之间要有连字符 “-”，year 要使用单数形式，用在名词前作定语。
基数词+ year(s)old 固定短语，意 为“……岁”。 词与词之间不能使用连字符，year 要使用复数形式(岁数大于1 时)，常作表语。
Li Mei, a ten-year-old girl, comes from a small village.
李梅，一个十岁的女孩，来自一个小村庄。
He is thirteen years old this year. 今年他十三岁了。
特别提醒
基数词-year-old 通常和不定冠词放在一起考查。考查时，前面的基数词通常使用阿拉伯数字，常见的是“8”和“11”，此时前面的不定冠词应使用an，因为eight 和eleven 的发音都是以元音音素开头。
考题2: An ______ boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam.
A. eighteen-year-olds B. eighteen-year-old
C. eighteen years old
B
(2) think twice 认真思考；权衡利弊
Think twice before sharing information online!
在网上分享信息之前要三思！
You need to think twice about the matter. 这事你要三思。
I always think of you as one of my family.
我一直把你当成自家人。
think twice 相当于hold one’s horses（沉住气）。
think twice about （doing） sth. 再三考虑（做）某事。
由think 构成的短语还有：
① think of 想起；认为
② think up 想出
③ think over 仔细考虑
④ think about 考虑
考题3: —When we are in danger, we should keep our cool.
—You are right. We must do it after _________________（认真思考）.
thinking twice
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3 He got off and asked the woman what happened.
(1) get off 下车
get off 指下公交车、火车或飞机等。其反义短语为get on。
We didn’t get off until the bus stopped.
直到公共汽车停了我们才下了车。
Where do we get on the bus 我们在哪儿上公共汽车？
拓展： get into 和get out of 指上/ 下小型交通工具，比如小汽车、 出租车等。
This tall fellow has to bend in order to get into the car.
这个高个子男人要弯下腰才能进汽车。
It was good to get out of the car and stretch our legs.
下车活动活动腿脚，真不错。
Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow.
今天的工作不要拖到明天。
图解助记
考题4: It’s good to help the people in need to _______ the bus if necessary.
A. get up B. get off C. get well
B
【点拨】用短语辨析法。get up 起床；get off 下车；get well 恢复健康。根据句意可知，此处指帮助有需要的人下车。
“动词+ off”构成的短语还有：
put off 推迟
go off（闹钟）发出响声
turn off 关掉
take off 脱下；起飞
(2) happen /'h p n/ v. 发生
What happened to him last week
上周他发生了什么事？
It’s the best thing that has ever happened to me.
这是发生在我身上的最好的事。
敲黑板
happen 不能用于被动语态。
happen 的常见用法：
① sth. happened/ happens to sb. 某人发生某事
② sth. happened/happens +时间状语/ 地点状语
在某时/ 某地发生了某事
辨析：happen 与take place
happen 指偶然发生，其主语通常是物，常与介词to 搭配后再接宾语。
take place 指有计划地发生，后一般不接宾语。
An accident happened on the street yesterday.
昨天这条街上发生了一起事故。
Our school sports meeting will take place next week.
我们的校运动会将在下周举行。
拓展：happen 还有“碰巧”之意。happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。It happens that... 意为“碰巧……”。
I happened to see him on the street.
我碰巧在街上看到了他。
It happened that I was out when he called me.
他给我打电话时我碰巧出去了。
谚语记单词
It is the unforeseen that always happens.
天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
考题5: I like to follow the story and see what will
h next.
appen
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【点拨】根据“see what will”和首字母提示可知，看看将发生什么，will 后接动词原形。
4 He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
expect / k'spekt/ v. 预料；期待
My father and I really expected the roast duck because it was our favourite. 我和父亲真的很期待烤鸭，因为它是我们的最爱。
I expected to get there on time. 我期待能按时到达那里。
My parents expect me to go into a good university.
我父母期待我进入一所好大学。
You have a right to expect what I expect.
你有权利期待我所期待的一切。
拓展：be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事
You are expected to say hello to him.
你被期望跟他打招呼。
expect 的用法：
① expect sth. 期待某事/ 某物
② expect to do sth. 期待做某事
③ expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
④ expect+ 宾语从句 期待……
考题6: The composer（作曲家）who created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng （《学习雷锋好榜样》） didn’t __________（预料；期待） the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years.
expect
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5 But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
(1)(重点)to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料
To her surprise, her mother didn’t tell her the truth.
令她惊讶的是，她的妈妈没有告诉她真相。
To our great surprise, he didn’t pass the driving test.
令我们非常惊讶的是，他没有通过驾驶考试。
To my shame, I never thanked him for his kindness.
令我羞愧的是，我从未感谢过他的好意。
小贴士
to one’s surprise 常位于句首，其后加“，”，有时在surprise 前加big/ great 等词表示程度。
考题7: —______ my surprise, the restaurant is actually very nice.
—The service is also great.
A. In B. At
C. On D. To
D
类似“to+one’s + 带感彩的名词”的表达还有：
to one’s joy/happiness 令/使某人高兴/ 幸福的是
to one’s disappointment 令/使某人失望的是
to one’s shame 令/使某人羞愧的是
to one’s satisfaction 令/使某人满意的是
(2)(重点)agree to do sth. 同意做某事
In the end, he agreed to go there with us.
最后，他同意和我们去那里。
Do you agree with me 你同意我的想法吗？
Can we agree on a date 我们能不能商定一个日期？
You’ll have to get your parents’ agreement if you want to go on the trip. 如果你要想去旅行就必须征得你父母的同意。
Some people disagree with this argument. 有些人不同意这一论点。
agree 的其他常用搭配：
① agree with sb.
同意某人的观点、想法
② agree on sth.
就某事取得一致意见
agree 的相关词：
agreement n. 同意
disagree v. 不同意
(agree 的反义词)
考题8: 我最好的朋友同意和我一起去淄博品尝那里的美食。
My best friend _________ _________ _________ to Zibo with me to taste the delicious food there.
agrees to go
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6 Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers...
(高频)thanks to 幸亏；由于
Success came quickly, thanks to a mixture of talent, enterprise and luck. 由于天赋、努力和运气的综合作用，成功来得很快。
Thanks to you, we finished the task on time.
多亏你们，我们按时完成了这项任务。
Thanks for giving me so much help. 谢谢你给我那么多帮助。
thanks to 在句中作状语，
常位于句首。
=Thank you for
辨析：thanks to 与thanks for
thanks to “多亏；由于”，后接名词或代词。thanks to 不能改成thank you to。
thanks for “因…… 而感谢”，后接感谢的原因。
thanks for 可以换成thank you for。
考题9: ________the help of the government, farmers in China are living a happier and richer life.
A. Thankful to B. Thanks for
C. Thanks to D. Thankful for
C
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7 ...they don’t want any trouble,”
trouble /'tr bl/ n. 问题；苦恼
A true friend is a person who can help you when you are in trouble. 真正的朋友是在你困难时能帮助你的人。
Her son got into trouble again yesterday.
昨天她儿子又陷入困境了。
We have trouble getting staff. 我们在招聘职员方面有困难。
He has trouble with his math. 他数学学得不好。
不可数名词
I love my parents because they take the trouble to bring me up.
我爱我的父母因为他们不辞辛劳地把我养大。
拓展：(1)What’s your trouble /What’s the trouble with you 为交际用语，意为“你怎么了？”。
—What’s the trouble with you 你怎么了？
—I’ve got a headache and a bad cold. 我头疼，得了重感冒。
(2)trouble 还可以作动词，意为“使忧虑；打扰”。
Could I trouble you for a minute 我能打扰你一下吗？
trouble的固定搭配：
① in trouble 处于困境中
② get into trouble 陷入困境
③ have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦
④ have trouble with sth./sb. 做某事有困难/与某人有矛盾
⑤ take the trouble to do sth.
费力做某事；不辞辛劳地做某事
一语辨异:
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
不要庸人自扰。
考题10: With our teacher’s help, we don’t have any trouble ____________（learn）English.
learning
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8 Bus No. 26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.
hit /h t/ v.（用手或器具）击；打（hit-hit-hit; hitting）
表达“击/打某人身体的某部位”用“hit sb. on/in the+身体部位”。
He hit the boy on the back. 他打了男孩的背。
A bullet hit him on the left leg. 一颗子弹击中了他的左腿。
特别提醒
打在人体硬部位上用介词on, 软部位上用介词in, 且结构中的定冠词the 通常不可用物主代词my, his 等代替。
拓展：(1)hit 作动词时，还可意为“碰撞；袭击”。
The ship hit a rock and stopped. 船触礁停了下来。
A terrible storm hit this area. 一场猛烈的暴雨袭击了这个地区。
(2)hit还可作名词，意为“打；击；击中；很受欢迎的人(或事物)”。
Give it a good hit. 用力打它一下。
The movie became a hit all over China. 这部电影在中国风靡一时。
考题11: Suddenly, a stone h him on the back.
it
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Period 3 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
Grammar Focus
What’s the matter I have a stomachache. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
What’s the matter with Ben He hurt himself. He has a sore back. He should lie down and rest.
Do you have a fever Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. / I don’t know. Does he have a toothache Yes, he does. He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. What should she do She should take her temperature.
Should I put some medicine on it Yes, you should. /
No, you shouldn’t.
通常some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句，但期望得到对方肯定回答或表示委婉请求时，疑问句中用some，不用any。
4a Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations.
1. A: I hurt ________ when I played basketball yesterday. What ________ I do
B: You ________ see a doctor and get an X- ray.
2. A: ________ the matter
B: My sister and I ________ sore throats. ________ we go to school
A: No, you __________.
myself
should
should
What’s
have
Should
shouldn’t
运动前要进行适当的热身，
避免运动时受伤。
3. A: ________ Mike ________ a fever
B: No, he ________. He ________ a stomachache.
A: He _________ drink some hot tea.
Does
have
doesn’t
has
should
She should go to a doctor.
4b Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice.
1. Jenny cut herself /h (r)'self/.
She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut).
My advice: _______________________________________
2. Kate has a toothache.
She should (see a dentist / get some sleep).
My advice: _______________________________________
She should get an X-ray.
3. Mary and Sue have colds.
They shouldn’t (sleep / exercise).
My advice: _______________________________________
4. Bob has a sore back.
He should ( lie down and rest / take his temperature).
My advice: _______________________________________
They should lie down and rest.
可数名词
He should go to see a doctor.
4c One student mimes a problem. The other students in your group guess the problem and give advice.
Name Problem Advice
Liu Peng fall down go home and rest
A: What’s the matter Did you hurt yourself playing soccer
B: No, I didn’t.
C: Did you fall down
B: Yes, I did.
D: You should go home and get some rest.
fall down 为不及物动词短语，其后跟宾语时加介词from。此时fall down from 相当于fall off，意为“从……上掉/ 摔下来”。
现在分词短语作时间状语
情态 动词should 概述 should作情态动词，后接动词原形，没有人称、时态和数的变化。其否定形式为shouldn’t。变一般疑问句时把should提前放于句首，回答时仍借助should。①
用法 应该；应当：表示义务、责任。②
应该；应当：用于征求意见，常用于第一人称的疑问句中。③
应该：表示劝告或提出建议。④
可能：表示推测，指某事发生的可能性。⑤
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
1 We should learn from each other.
我们应该互相学习。
You shouldn’t swim in the river.
你不应该在河里游泳。
—Should I wash my hands first 我应该先洗手吗？
—Yes, you should.是的，你应该。
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温馨提示：可返回原文
2 We should follow the school rules.
我们应该遵守校规。
考题1: When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they _______ be looked after well by us.
A. should B. shouldn’t
C. may D. may not
A
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3 Should I open the window
我应该打开窗户吗？
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4 You should give up smoking.你应该戒烟。
考题2: Shh... ! This is a library. You _______ keep your voice down.
A. can B. can’t
C. should D. shouldn’t
C
【点拨】根据句意可知，此处是劝告小点声。
考题3: Young Chinese people _______ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.
A. should B. can C. may D. need
A
【点拨】根据句意可知，此处是建议中国青年应该做什么。
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5 They should be there by now, I think.
我认为现在他们应该已经在那儿了。
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反身代词 定义 表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。
构成 反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式词尾加-self或-selves组成的。①
用法 作动词或介词的宾语。②
作主语或宾语的同位语。③
作表语。④
常用短语。⑤
1 反身代词的构成：
人称 数 单数 复数
第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己
第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己
第三人称 herself 她自己 themselves
她他它们自己
himself 他自己 itself 它自己
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2 He fell down from the wall and hurt himself.
他从墙上掉下来，伤了自己。
Students should learn to look after themselves.
学生们应该学会照顾自己。
考题4: The cat lay on the sofa, washing __________ (it).
itself
【点拨】it“它”，人称代词。此处指猫咪舔舐着它自己，应用“it”的反身代词。
考题5: —You play basketball so well. Who taught you
—Nobody. I learnt it by m .
yself
【点拨】根据句意可知，此处指自学；主语为I，所以用“I”的反身代词。
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3 I don’t need any help. I can do it myself.
我不需要任何帮助。我自己能做。
You can ask Jenny herself.
你可以问问珍妮自己。
主语同位语
宾语同位语
考题6: —Where did you get the toy car
—From Betty. She made it _________.
A. myself B. himself
C. herself D. yourself
C
【点拨】根据句意可知，是她自己做的，用反身
代词herself。
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4 She was not herself yesterday.
她昨天不太对劲。
考题7: —My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him.
—It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be __________ (you).
yourself
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5 反身代词常用于以下短语：
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
teach oneself 自学
dress oneself 自己穿（衣服等）
introduce oneself 介绍自己
by oneself 独自
The little boy is old enough to dress himself.
小男孩足够大，能自己穿衣服了。
The little boy is old enough to dress himself.
小男孩足够大，能自己穿衣服了。
He goes to school by himself every day.
每天他独自去上学。
考题8: We enjoyed __________ (our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.
ourselves
【点拨】our“我们的”，形容词性物主代词。enjoy oneself “玩得愉快”，此处应为反身代词ourselves。
考题9: —What’s the matter with Wu Wei
—She hurt h badly. She has a sore back.
erself
【点拨】根据“She has a sore back.”可知，她把自己伤得很重，用反身代词herself 表示“她自己”。
速记小法
反身代词表自身，句中常作三成分。
动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身。
句中强调同位语，主语宾语后面跟。
系动词后作表语，这个用法要牢记。
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Period 4 Section B (1a-1d)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
1a When these accidents happen, what should you do Put the actions in order.
______ Put a bandage/'b nd d / on it.
______ Run it under water. ______ Put some medicine on it.
______ Go to the hospital. ______ Get an X-ray.
______ Rest for a few days.
______ Press/pres/ the sides of your nose.
______ Put your head down. ______ Clean your face.
1
修饰可数名词复数
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1b Listen to the school nurse. Check (√) the problems you hear.
Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick/s k/. ① √ b, c
Someone cut his knee/ni /.
Someone had a fever.
Someone had a nosebleed/'n zbli d/.
Someone hurt his back.
Someone got hit on the head.
√
√
√
1c Listen again. Write the letter of each treatment next to the problems you checked in the chart above.
a. put a bandage on it
b. took his temperature
c. told him to rest
d. put some medicine on it
e. took him to the hospital to get an X-ray
f. told her to put her head down
tell sb. (not) to do sth.
告诉某人（不）要做某事
动词不定式to do 表目的
介词
Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick/s k/. √ b, c
Someone cut his knee/ni /.
Someone had a fever.
Someone had a nosebleed/'n zbli d/.
Someone hurt his back.
Someone got hit on the head.
√
√
√
a, d
f
e
1d Role-play a conversation between the nurse and the teacher. Use the information in 1b and 1c.
A: Who came to your office today
B: First, a boy came in. He hurt himself in P.E. class.
A: What happened
B: ...
对主语提问，
语序不变
1 Someone felt sick.
sick /s k/ adj. 生病的；有病的
sick 既可作定语也可作表语。
The doctor asked the sick man some questions.
医生问了病人一些问题。
Her mother is very sick/ill.
她母亲病得很厉害。
作定语
作表语
辨析：sick 与ill
sick 作“生病的”讲时，可作表语和定语。在句中作表语时，be sick = be ill。
ill 作“有病”讲时，只作表语，不作定语。
拓展：sick 还有“恶心”之意。feel sick “感到恶心”。
I feel a little sick. 我觉得有点恶心。
一语辨异
I hate being ill (=sick), and I am afraid of seeing sick people looking sick and sad. 我讨厌生病，也害怕看到病人生病悲伤的样子。
考题: The nurses are looking after the ________（生病的）kids carefully.
sick
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【点拨】考查sick。其意思为“生病的”，常作定语修饰名词。分析题目可知，空处修饰kids。
Period 5 Section B (2a-2e)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
2a Accidents or problems can sometimes happen when we do sports. Write the letter of each sport next to each accident or problem that can happen.
A=soccer B=mountain climbing C=swimming
_______ fall down
_______ have problems breathing/'bri /
_______ get hit by a ball
_______ get sunburned/'s nb (r)nd/
_______ cut ourselves/a (r)‘selvz/ ①
_______ hurt our back or arm
A/B
B/C
A
A/B/C
B
A/B
have problems (in) doing sth.
= have trouble/ difficulty
(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
2b Read the passage and underline the words you don’t know. Then look up the words in a dictionary and write down their meanings.
Finding the Order of Events
Writers describe events in a certain order. Finding the order of the events will help you understand what you are reading.
体裁：记叙文
标题：直言式标题——直接切入文章主题
He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing
Aron/'er n/ Ralston/'r lst n/ is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.②As a mountain climber/'kla m (r)/, Aron is used to taking risks/r sks/. ③ This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents/' ks d nts/. ④ On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation/s t u'e n/ when climbing in Utah/'ju tɑ /. ⑤
前用不定冠词时应用an
宾语
宾语补足语
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360- kilo/'ki l / rock/r k/, /rɑ k/ that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. ⑥ But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. ⑦ He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife/na f/ to cut off half his right arm. ⑧
be ready to do sth.
准备好做某事；乐意做某事
Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood/bl d/. ⑨ After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means /mi nz/ being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. ⑩ In this book, Aron tells of the importance/ m'p (r)tns/ of making good decisions/d 's nz/, and of being in control /k n'tr l/ of one’s life.
过去分词短语作后置定语
tell of 谈及；描述
His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit/'sp r t/ as Aron Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death/deθ/.
对……的喜爱
写作方法:
文章以爬山为主线，按事件的发展顺序来写作。开头先引出人物，然后细致描述Aron登山、遇险、等待、断臂自救和写书励志的过程，最后结合事件启发我们做出正确选择的重要性。
文章结构：
Climbing
mountains
（线索）
人物简介
P1
登山
P1
遇险
P2
等待
P2
断臂自救
P2
写书励志
P3
启发
P4
以事件的发展为顺序
Words Meanings
2c Read the statements and circle True, False or Don’t Know.
1. Aron almost lost his life three times because of climbing accidents.
2. Aron had a serious accident in April 2003.
3. Aron ran out of water after three days.
TRUE FALSE
DON’T KNOW
TRUE FALSE
DON’T KNOW
TRUE FALSE
DON’T KNOW
4. Aron wrote his book before his serious accident.
5. Aron still goes mountain climbing.
TRUE FALSE
DON’T KNOW
TRUE FALSE
DON’T KNOW
2d Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003
2. Why couldn’t Aron move
In Utah.
Because a 360-kilo rock fell on him.
3. How did Aron free himself
4. What did Aron do after the accident
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
He used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
He wrote a book about it.
It means being in a difficult situation that you
cannot seem to get out of.
2e Put the sentences in the correct order. Then use them to tell Aron’s story to your partner. Try to add other details from the reading.
______ On April 26, 2003, he had a serious mountain climbing accident.
______ Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
______ Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
______ He wrote a book about his experience.
______ Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident.
1
2
3
4
5
1 cut ourselves
ourselves / a (r)'selvz/ pron. 我们自己
ourselves 常位于动词或介词之后作宾语，也可以作主语或宾语的同位语。
We enjoyed ourselves a lot in Beijing last month.
上个月我们在北京玩得很开心。（作动词的宾语）
We should learn to deal with the problems by ourselves.
我们应该学会自己处理问题。（作介词的宾语）
敲黑板 详细讲解见本单元语法部分。
We ourselves will do the work.
我们将亲自做这项工作。（作主语的同位语）
I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play this music.
我希望我可以听贝多芬亲自弹这曲子。（作宾语的同位语）
ourselves 的相关词：
our 我们的（形容词性物主代词）
ours 我们的（名词性物主代词）
we 我们（主格） us 我们（宾格）
考题1: In our opinion, protecting animals is protecting _________（我们自己）.
ourselves
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2 Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in
mountain climbing.
be interested in 对……感兴趣
后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。be 也可以换成动词become。
In the future, more people might be interested in space travel.在未来，更多的人可能会对太空旅行感兴趣。
I’m interested in the interesting things.
我对那些有趣的事情感兴趣。
I tried to tell him about it, but he wasn’t interested.
我试过把这件事告诉他，可他不感兴趣。
辨析：interested 与interesting
interested 常作表语，用来说明人的“感受”。
Interesting 可作定语或表语用来修饰或说明“事物”。
敲黑板 interested
一般不作定语。
考题2: —How do you like my poem Moonlight
—I ______ it. It’s about the beauty of nature.
A. am interested in
B. am worried about
C. am thankful for
A
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对……感兴趣
担心……
对……表示感激
3 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
(1)(重点)be used to 习惯于……；适应于……
辨析：be / get used to 与used to
be /get used to “习惯于……”，to 是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。be 强调状态，get 强调动作。
used to “过去常常……”，to 是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。
The old man is used to living alone. 这个老人习惯于独自生活。
I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车去上学。
小贴士
be used to do sth. =be used for doing sth.
意为“被用来做某事”，这是被动语态。
e.g. Knives are used to cut things. = Knives are used for cutting things. 刀子被用于切东西。
考题3: My grandfather used to ______ TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ______ out for a walk.
A. watch; go B. watch; going C. watching; go
B
【点拨】used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯做某事”。根据题干可知，第一空表示“过去常常”，第二空表示现在的习惯。
(2) risk /r sk/ n.& v. 危险；风险；冒险
①risk 常作可数名词。take risks (take a risk) 意为“冒险”。
You are taking a big risk driving so fast.
你开车如此快是在冒很大的危险。
Using a mobile phone while driving puts other people’s lives at risk. 开车时用手机会把别人的生命置于危险的境地。
risk 作名词时的其他常见用法：
① at risk 处于危险中
② at the risk of... 冒着……的危险
②risk 还可作及物动词，意为“冒……的风险；冒险做”。后接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。
Don’t risk your health. 不要拿你的健康冒险。
They risked losing their jobs. 他们冒着失去工作的风险。
He risked his life to save the child.
他冒着生命危险去救那个小孩。
risk 作动词时的常见用法：
① risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
② risk one’s life to do sth.
冒着某人的生命危险做某事
考题4: Unhealthy eating habits can increase the _______ of terrible illness.
A. cause B. balance C. risk D. effect
C
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【点拨】用词义辨析法。cause 原因；balance 平衡；risk 风险；effect 影响。根据句意可知，不健康的饮食习惯会增加患严重疾病的风险。
4 There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
because of 因为；由于
We had to give up our plan because of the heavy snow.
由于大雪我们不得不放弃我们的计划。
I prefer riding a bike to driving a car to work because it is more environmentally friendly.
比起开车，我更喜欢骑自行车上班，因为它更环保。
拓展：because 和because of 的句型转换：
He didn’t come to school today because he was ill. = He didn’t come to school today because of his illness.
今天他没有来上学，因为他病了。
辨析：because of 与because
because of 后接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。
because 连词，后面只能接句子，表明直接、明确的原因。
考题5: Danny was late for school because the traffic is too heavy.
（改为同义句）
Danny was late for school ________ ________ the heavy traffic.
because of
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5 On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
(高频) dangerous /'de nd r s/ adj. 有危险的
dangerous 既可作定语也可作表语，其比较级借助more，最高级借助most。
Tigers and lions are dangerous animals. 老虎和狮子是危险动物。
It’s more dangerous to swim in deep water.
在深水中游泳更危险。
作定语
作表语
拓展：dangerous 的名词形式为danger。in danger 意为“处于危险之中”。
We must save the animals in danger.
我们必须拯救处于危险中的动物。
dangerous 的常见用法：
① be dangerous for/to sb. 对某人是危险的
② It is dangerous (for sb.) to do sth.
（某人）做某事是危险的。
谚语记单词
① A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
浅学误人。
② Dumb dogs are dangerous.
哑犬最可怕。
考题6: It can be ___________（危险的）for the people to give food to wild animals.
dangerous
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6 Because he could not free his arm...
free /fri / v. 使摆脱；解放；释放
It will free us from a lot of debt.
它将使我们摆脱一大笔债务。
He is trying to free himself from his recording contract.
他正试图从他的唱片合约中脱身。
拓展：free 还可作形容词，意为“免费的；自由的；空闲的”。feel free to do sth.“随便做某事”。
People celebrate the International Museum Day by holding fun, special and free activities. 人们通过举办有趣、特别和免费的活动来庆祝国际博物馆日。
She spent her free time shopping. 她空闲的时候就去购物。
If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me.
如果你有问题，请随意向我提问。
谚语记单词
Only educated people are free. 只有受过教育的人才是自由的。
图解助记
free 的一词多义：
考题7: One word ___________（使摆脱；解放）us from all the weight and pain of life—that word is love.
frees
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7 But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
(1) run out 用尽；耗尽
辨析：run out 与run out of
run out 不及物动词短语，主语常常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。
run out of 后接宾语，其主语通常是人。
敲黑板
“动词+副词”结构的短语。
Please hurry up. Our time will run out. = Please hurry up. We will run out of our time. 请快点。我们的时间要用尽了。
In the end, I ran out of my money. 最后，我花光了我的钱。
One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes.
我的职责之一是分发奖品。
由“动词+out”构成的短语还有：
① hand out 分发 ② give out 散发；分发
③ break out 爆发 ④ bring out 使显现
⑤ come out 出版；出来 ⑥ look out 当心
⑦ blow out 熄灭 ⑧ find out 查出；查明
⑨ put out 扑灭 ⑩ cut out 切断；删掉
考题8: The wind energy costs very little and will never _______. Besides, it produces little pollution.
A. blow out B. run out C. put out D. break out
B
(2)(高频)动词不定式短语作目的状语
We study hard to get good grades.
我们努力学习是为了取得好成绩。
To live a better life, all of us should protect the earth.
为了过更好的生活，我们所有人都应该保护地球。
动词不定式短语常作目的状语，可以位于句首，也可以位于句末。放于句首时，其后要加“，”。
考题9: ________ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products.
A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting
B
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【点拨】用结构分析法。分析句子可知，专家建议青少年远离电子产品的目的是保护他们的视力，此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
8 So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
(1) knife /na f/ n. 刀
The same knife cuts bread and fingers.
水能载舟，亦能覆舟。（谚）
The waiter put a fork and two knives on the dinner table.
服务员把一个叉子和两把刀放在了餐桌上。
knife 的复数形式为knives。
考题10: When you make a banana milk shake, you can use a k to cut up the bananas.
nife
速记小法
以-f(e) 结尾，复数形式为以-ves 结尾的词：
树叶(leaf) 半数(half) 自己(self) 黄；
妻子(wife) 拿刀(knife) 去割粮。
架(shelf) 后窜出一只狼(wolf)；
吓得小偷(thief) 逃命(life) 忙。
(2) cut off 切除
cut off 为“动词+ 副词”结构的动词短语，后接名词时，名词放在中间或后面均可；后接代词作宾语时，代词要放在中间。
The doctor had to cut off his left leg to save his life. = The doctor had to cut his left leg off to save his life.
医生不得不切除了他的左腿来救他的命。
His finger was badly hurt. The doctor had to cut it off.
他的手指伤得厉害。医生不得不把它切掉了。
They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life.
他们从不切断面条，因为长长的面条是长寿的象征。
cut 的其他常见短语：
cut up 切碎
cut in 插嘴
cut down 砍倒；减少
cut out 删除
cut in line 插队
考题11: If you find something on fire in the room, you should _______ the electricity and leave the house at once.
A．cut down B．cut off
C．turn down D．turn on
B
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【点拨】用短语辨析法。cut down 砍倒；cut off 切除；turn down 调小；turn on 打开。根据句意可知，着火时，应该切除电源。
9 Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
so that 以便；为了
so that 后接目的状语从句，从句中常加can，could，may，might 等词。so that 相当于in order that。
He plays sports every day so that he can keep healthy. = He plays sports every day in order that he can keep healthy.
他每天做运动以便能保持健康。
谚语
Reading is to the mind, while exercise is to the body. 读书健脑，运动强身。
拓展：so... that... 意为“如此……以至于……”，so 后接形容词或副词，that 后接句子。
He works so hard that he always wins the first place.
他工作如此努力，他总是赢得第一。
敲黑板
详细讲解见Unit 6语法部分。
口诀速记
so that 与so...that... 的用法口诀：
结果状语so...that...，主从停顿分两排。
目的状语so that，从句之中有情态。
主从之间没逗号，一气呵成连起来。
考题12: Let’s take the simple steps today ________ we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
A. unless B. until C. so that D. though
C
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【点拨】用词汇运用法。unless 除非；until 直到；so that 以便；though 尽管。分析句子可知，我们现在采取行动的目的是为了我们的后代，故用so that 引导目的状语从句。
10 This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.
(1) mean /mi n/ v. 意思是；打算；意欲
What does the word mean 这个单词的意思是什么？
The flashing light means that you must stop.
闪烁的灯光表示你必须停下。
Balance doesn’t mean doing everything.
平衡并不意味着做所有事情。
I didn’t mean to hurt you. 我没有打算伤害你。
mean 的用法总结：
① “意思是；意为”，后跟名词或that 从句。
② “ 意味着” → mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
③ “打算；意欲”→ mean to do sth. 打算做某事
拓展：(1) mean 还可作形容词，意为“吝啬的；刻薄”。be mean to sb. 意为“对某人刻薄”。
He is not so generous. He is a mean man.
他没有那么慷慨。他是个吝啬的人。
Don’t be so mean to others!
别对别人那么刻薄！
(2) mean 的名词形式为meaning，意为“意思”。
What’s the meaning of the sentence
= What does the sentence mean
这个句子的意思是什么？
What’s the meaning of... =What do/does... mean ……的意思是什么？
考题13: His works tell us what it ____________（mean）to be human.
means
【点拨】根据“what it...to be human”以及所给词，可知是指作为人类意味着什么。mean“意味着”，时态为一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式。
(2) get out of 离开；从……出来
The meeting went on late and he wanted to get out of it soon. 会议开得太晚了, 他想早点离开。
He helped the little boy get out of the house.
他帮助小男孩从房子里出来。
A
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【点拨】用常识法。根据“get out of the movie theater”可知，要走出电影院应该从“出口”出去，选项A 为出口标志。
考题14: Which sign can lead you to get out of the movie theater
( )
A. B. C.
11 In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life.
(1) importance / m'p (r)tns/ n. 重要性；重要
During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an attained its great importance. 在唐朝时，西安获得了极大的重要性。
Students should realize the importance of time.
学生们应该意识到时间的重要性。
Which is more important, money or life
钱和生命哪一个更重要？
importance 为不可数名词，其对应的形容词为important。
the importance of... 意为“……的重要性”。
考题15: World Health Day is used to highlight（强调）the ____________ (important) of personal health.
importance
(2) decision /d 's n/ n. 决定；抉择
Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions.
青少年应该被允许自己做决定。
We made a decision to give away all the money to the old people’s home. 我们决定把所有的钱捐赠给老年人之家。
He decided to tell his parents the truth. = He made a decision to tell his parents the truth. 他决定告诉他的父母真相。
敲黑板
decision为可数名词。
decision 对应的动词为decide，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，相当于make a decision to do sth.。
decision 的相关搭配有：
① make decisions / make a decision 做决定
② make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事
③ make one’s（own）decision 做某人（自己）的决定
考题16: 无论你做什么事，应该学会自己做决定。
No matter what you do, you should learn to ________ ________ ________ __________.
make
your own decision(s)
(3)control /k n'tr l/ n.& v. 限制；约束；管理
We must learn to be in control of ourselves.
我们必须学会管理我们自己。
Don’t worry. We have everything under control.
别担心。一切都在我们的控制之下。
Prices are increasing and out of control.
物价飞涨，失去控制。
The machine worked by itself under the control of the computer.
那台机器在电脑的控制下自行运转。
The firemen had controled the big fire.
消防队员们已经控制住这场大火了。
作及物动词
control 的常见搭配：
① be in control of 掌管；管理
② under control 控制之中
③ out of control 失控
④ under the control of... 在……的控制之下
考题17: My best friend May always exercises more to bring her weight under ___________（控制）.
control
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12 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事；坚持做某事
辨析：keep on doing sth. 与keep doing sth.
keep on doing sth. “继续做某事”。表示有间断，该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中。
keep doing sth. “一直做某事”。表示没有间断一直做，该动作一直不停地在进行。
谚语记单词
Keep on learning as long as you live.
活到老，学到老。
Keep on reading every day. And you will get more knowledge.
坚持每天读书。你会获得更多的知识。
He kept coughing all the morning. 他整个上午一直咳嗽。
I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 我很抱歉让你久等了。
Don’t let fear keep you from doing the things you love.
不要让恐惧阻止你去做你喜欢的事情。
What can we do to keep fit
我们能做些什么来保持健康呢？
keep 的其他常见用法：
① keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
② keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
③ keep sb. / sth.+ adj.
使某人/ 某物保持…… 状态
考题18: Please don’t keep on ___________ (make) the same mistakes in grammar.
making
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13 ... and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
death /deθ/ n. 死；死亡
His grandfather’s death made him very sad.
他爷爷的去世令他很伤心。
拓展：death 的相关词：
die v. 死，为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
dead adj. 死的，作定语或表语，表示状态。
dying adj. 垂死的，常作定语。
一语辨异:
Tom’s father has been dead for five days. He died from a car accident. His death made his family so sad that Tom couldn’t help thinking of his father’s dying look. 他的父亲去世五天了。他死于一场车祸。他的去世让他的家人非常伤心，汤姆禁不住想起他父亲临终时的样子。
考题19: His father’s _________ (die) had a deep influence on him and changed him greatly.
death
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14 Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
mind /ma nd/ v. 介意；在乎
I don’t mind living here. 我不介意住在这儿。
拓展：(1)mind 作动词时，常用句型有：
mind doing sth.
“介意做某事”
mind
Would you mind （sb./ sb.’s ） doing sth.
你介意（某人）做某事吗？
Would you mind if + 从句
你介意……吗？
—Would you mind my sitting here 你介意我坐在这儿吗？
—I’m afraid you can’t. 恐怕你不能坐在这儿。
—Would you mind if I open the window 你介意我打开窗户吗？
—Of course not. 当然不。
回答这两个句型时，表示“不介意”使用Not at all./
Certainly not. / Of course not. 等；表示“介意”使用I’m sorry, but... / Sorry, you’d better not. /I’m afraid you can’t. 等。
(2)mind 还可作名词，意为“思想；想法；智力”。
Stop arguing with me. I won’t change my mind.
别和我争论了。我不会改变我的想法。
I make up my mind to study hard and get good grades in the next exam. 我下定决心好好学习，在下次考试中取得好成绩。
mind 作名词时的常用搭配有：
① change one’s mind 改变某人的想法
② make up one’s mind to do sth.下定决心做某事
考题20: —Mr. Chen, my kid is sleeping. Would you mind ______ your radio
—Sorry. I’ll do it at once.
A. turning down B. turn down C. turning up D. turn up
A
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【点拨】用短语辨析法及排除法。turn down 调低（音量）；turn up 调高（音量）。根据 “my kid is sleeping”可知要调低音量，排除C、D；mind doing sth. 表示“介意做某事”。
15 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
give up 放弃
give up 为“动词+ 副词”结构的短语，代词作宾语时要放在give 和 up 中间。give up doing sth. 意为“放弃做某事”。
English is very important, so you can’t give it up.
英语很重要，因此你不能放弃它。
He had to give up going abroad. 他不得不放弃去国外。
由give 构成的短语还有：
① give out 分发 ② give in 屈服
③ give away 赠送；泄露 ④ give back 归还
⑤ give off 散发出
We should never give in to our enemies.
我们决不应该屈服于我们的敌人。
考题21: —I didn’t pass the exam again. What should I do
—Don’t ________. You’ll succeed sooner or later.
A．give up B．give back C．give away
A
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Period 6 Section B
(3a-Self Check)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
3a Imagine you are the school nurse and a student just had an accident or a health problem. Make notes about what he / she should and shouldn’t do.
Accident or health problem He / She should He / She shouldn’t
3b Write a conversation between the nurse and the student using the notes in 3a. Use the questions and phrases below to help you.
What’s the matter /What happened /Are you OK
No, I don’t feel well./I feel.../I have a.../Should I...
You should.../ You shouldn’t...
fell down/got hit by.../cut myself/ hurt my...
Nurse/n (r)s/: _____________________________________
Student: __________________________________________
Nurse: ____________________________________________
Student: __________________________________________
Self Check
1 Write different health problems next to the body parts. Then write more health problems you know of.
Head: _________________________________________
Back:__________________________________________
Throat:_________________________________________
Tooth:__________________________________________
Stomach:________________________________________
Other problems:__________________________________
have a headache
have a sore back
have a sore throat
have a toothache
have a stomachache
my finger hurts, cut myself
2 Put these questions and answers in order to make a conversation.
______ I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg.
______ I think you should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
______ What’s the matter
______ What should I do
______ OK, thanks. I’ll do that now.
______ Oh, that doesn’t sound good.
1
生活中我们难免会遇到意外，
当意外发生时，我们要冷静处
理。处理方法要得当。
2
3
4
5
6
3 Write advice for these people.
1. Problem: Alan cut himself.
Advice： __________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2. Problem: Cindy has a headache.
Advice： __________________________________________
Run the wound under water, and then put some
medicine on it.
Take some medicine.
3. Problem: My cousins have bad colds.
Advice： ___________________________________
4. Problem: Jack hurt his back playing volleyball.
Advice：___________________________________
Drink lots of water and sleep more.
Go to the hospital and get an X-ray.
单元话题
本单元话题是“健康与急救”，要求我们学会有关“患病”或“……痛”的表达方法，并能用“should/shouldn’t”提出建议。
[典例] 你的朋友Jimmy 由于长时间玩电脑游戏，保持同一个姿势太长时间，所以现在身体不适，出现了头疼、眼睛不舒服、腰背酸痛、无法移动脖子、睡眠质量差等问题。请写一篇80 词左右的书面表达提一些建议。内容包括：1. 你的朋友身体不适的表现和原因（可适当发挥）；2. 你的建议；3. 你的想法。
审题指导（把握中心，得方向分）
分析材料可知短文以第一人称和第三人称来写，时态用一般现在时。可分为三段来写，重点写建议，注意详略得当。
写作方法（学会方法，巧得高分）
“三步法”写健康建议类的书面表达
第一步： 开篇点题，点明某人身体出现问题及其原因。
第二步：展开论述，给出针对性的建议。
第三步： 总结全文，表达自己的想法，画龙点睛。
写作模板（学会套路，得基本分）
﹃三步法﹄写健康建议类的书面表达 第一步：开篇点题（点明身体问题及原因） It is bad for our body to play computer games for too long. My friend Jimmy likes playing computer games...
第二步：进一步论述（针对问题提出具体的建议） I think Jimmy should...
Next, he should...
Then...
Finally, if he still feels bad, he should go to a doctor.
第三段：总结全文（表达想法） If Jimmy follows the advice, he will feel well soon.
经典词句（妙用词句，得出彩分）
单词 feel, have, cut‖ fever, stomachache, toothache, sleep‖ either, first, next, then, finally, soon
短语 be bad for, play computer games, have a headache, lie down, have a rest, take breaks, follow the advice
句子 ① It is bad for our body to play computer games for too long.
② He can’t move his neck and he doesn’t have a good sleep at night, either.
③ I think Jimmy should take breaks away from the computer first.
④ Next, he should do eye exercises to relax his eyes and lie down to have a rest.
⑤ Finally, if he still feels bad, he should go to a doctor.
⑥ If Jimmy follows the advice, he will feel well soon.
范文赏析（书写工整，得印象分）
It is bad for our body to play computer games for too long. My friend Jimmy likes playing computer games and always sits in the same way without moving, so he has a headache, sore eyes and a sore back now. He can’t move his neck and he doesn’t have a good sleep at night, either.
I think Jimmy should take breaks away from the computer first. Next, he should do eye exercises to relax his eyes and lie down to have a rest. Then, he has to drink more water. Maybe he can drink hot tea with honey. Finally, if he still feels bad, he should go to a doctor.
If Jimmy follows the advice, he will feel well soon.
名师点评：
短文用“三步法”来写。先开篇点题，再提出具体的建议，最后总结。句意表达正确，逻辑合理。first, next, then及finally的运用使写作顺序一目了然。sit in the same way, without, headache, take breaks, have a rest, should等词汇的运用贴切生动。尤其是最后一段起到了画龙点睛的作用。