Unit 2 Travelling Around知识点总结 清单（讲义）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

Unit 2Travelling Around
Part 1 词汇分层解析
基础词汇通关
词 汇 含义及拓展 词 汇 含义及拓展
castle n.城堡；堡垒 transport n.(especially Be) (Amen usually
visa n.签证 transportation) 交通运输系统
source n.来源；出处 vt.运输；运送
a power source 动力来源;电源 / public transport 公共交通
a light/ water source 光源/水源 economy n.经济；节约
empire n.帝国 ∠ economic adj. 经济(上)的;经济学的
/ emperor n. 皇帝 economical adj. 经济的;实惠的;节约的
site n.地点；位置；现场 credit n.借款；信用；称赞；学分
con site 在现场 / credit card 信用卡
website n. 网站 to one’ s credit 某人值得赞扬的是
type n.类型;种类 vi.& vt.打字 a type of… 一种…… detail n.细节；详情；细微之处 ∠ in detail 详细地 go into detail(s) 详细叙述 【派】 detailed adj. 详细的
flight n.空中航行；航班；航程
accommodation n.住处；停留处；膳宿 statue n.雕塑；雕像
∠ accommodate vt.提供住宿 tomb n.坟墓
path n.小路；路线；道路 ∠Tomb-Sweeping Day 清明节
/ a path to… 通往……的途径/道路 rent vt.租用;出租 vi.租用;租金为 n.租金
destination n.目的地；终点 rent out 出租
holiday/ tourist destination 度假胜地 for rent 出租;招租
architecture n.建筑设计；建筑学 contact vt.联络;联系 n.[U]联系;接触
AR architect n.建筑设计师 ∠ be in contact with 与……有联系
brochure n.资料(或广告)手册 keep in contact with 与……保持联系
package n. 包裹;包装盒 vt.将······包装好 lose contact with 与……失去联系
/ package tour 包价旅游 hike vi.徒步旅行 vt. & vi.去······远足
civilization/ n.文明；文明世界 n.远足；徒步旅行
civilization < civilize vt.教化;使文明;使开化 go hiking去远足;去徒步旅行
soldier n.士兵；军人 unearth vt.挖掘；发掘
narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 a narrow escape 死里逃生 narrow one's eyes 某人眯起眼睛 【派】 narrowly adv.勉强地;狭隘地 unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 独具的，特有的 be unique to (sb/ eth) (某人或某地)
extremely adv.极其;非常 extreme adj.极度的;极端的 flat adj.平坦的；扁平的 n.公寓；单元房
BCE 公元前 ( = before the Common Era) CE 公元 powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 power n. 力量;能力;电力;功率;政权；势力 powerless adj. 无权的;无能为力的
check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记 check out 结账离开(旅馆等) Spain 西班牙(国家名) 【派】 officially adv.正式地;官方地 【派】 Spanish n. 西班牙语;西班牙人adj.西班牙的
official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n.官员；要员 officer n.军官;官员
探究词汇提高
apply
vi.& vt.申请;请求 vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂);(+ oneself)勤奋工作;努力学习
教材原句P24 apply for a visa 申请签证
By the time I saw the job advertisement, it already too late to apply.当我看到这则招聘广告的时候，已经来不及申请了。
He wants a job to which he can apply his foreign languages.他想要一份可以运用他的外语的工作。
常用搭配 apply for 申请;请求
apply to 向……提出申请;适用于
apply… to…把……应用于……
apply oneself to 专心于;集中精力于
She applied to seven companies for a job.她向七家公司申请了工作。
Such knowledge is still useful when applied similar situations in other countries.当被应用于其他国家类似的情况时，这类知识仍然有用。
If you apply yourself to the job in hand, you' ll soon finish it.如果你专心于手头的工作,你很快就能将它完成。
联想师 ①applicant n.申请人
②application n.申请;应用
an application (to sb) for eth (向某人)申请某物
Initially, the Football Association had rejected his application for the job. 最初,足协拒绝了他的申请。
pack
vi. & vt.收拾(行李);(把……)打包,装箱;涌进；塞满 vt.包装
教材原句P24 pack some clothes 打包一些衣服常用搭配 pack (eth) up(把某物)打包;收拾行李pack into 涌进/涌向
pack eth in/ into…把某物装入……里
Without giving us a chance to explain, he suddenly packed up and left.他没有给我们解释的机会，就突然收拾行李走了。
The moment the door was opened, thousands of people packed into the stadium.大门一开,成千上万人涌入了体育场。
n.(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包；一群
常用搭配·a pack of…一包/一盒/一群……19 amazing
adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
教材原句P25 amazing waterfalls 让人惊叹的瀑布
联想词 ①amaze vt.使大为惊奇;使惊愕
it amazes sb that…使某人吃惊的是……
It amazed us that he gave up the chance.让我们吃惊的是他竟然放弃了这次机会。
②amazed adj.大为惊奇的;惊讶的
be amazed at/ by…对……感到惊讶
be amazed to see/ find/ learn...
惊奇地看到/发现/获悉……
be amazed (that)… 对……
感到惊讶
Visitors were amazed at the achievements in apothecary manufacture of the city during the decadent.参观者对这座城市过去十年中在汽车制造方面获得的成就感到惊奇。
We were amazed to find that no one was hurt.我们很惊奇地发现竟没有人受伤。
③amazement n.惊诧;惊奇
to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是
in amazement惊奇地
Clara, having just a moment ago opened her eyes,looked about her in amazement.克拉拉刚刚睁开眼睛，惊讶地环顾四周。
arrangement
n.安排；筹备；协定
教材原句 P25 Actually, I' Ave just finished the prearrangement! 事实上,我才刚完成旅行安排!
常用搭配 come to an arrangement (with sb) (与某人)达成协议
make arrangements (for…) (为………)做好准备/安排
The travel agency will make all the arrangement you.旅行社会为你做好所有的安排。
联想词arrange vi.& vt.安排
arrange for……安排……
arrange to do eth 安排做某事
arrange for sb to do eth 安排某人做某事
We' Ave just arrived here; can you arrange for a Sarto collect us 我们刚到这儿,你能给我们安排一辆汽车接我们吗
The teacher arranged for him to spend one day in the laboratory.老师安排他在实验室待了一天。
take control of
控制；接管
教材原句P26 Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，一直统治到1821年。
He failed in his attempt to take control of accompany.他试图接管这家公司，但以失败告终。
联想拓展: control ①vt.掌管;支配;控制;管理
Human facial expressions can be controlled on purpose.人的面部表情可以被有意控制。
②n.掌握；控制；管理；统治
in control of……管理……
in the control of……为……所控制
beyond/ out of control 失去控制
lose control of……失去对……的控制
under control 在控制下
He is in control of the company.他掌管这家公司。
The company is in the control of him.这家公司归他掌管。
The Federal Reserve Bank raised interest rates to keep inflation under control.联邦储备银行以提高利率来控制通货膨胀。[《朗文当代》]
recognition
(Amen - ice) vt.辨别出;承认;认可;看重
recognition one's voice 听出某人的声音
常见用法· recognition sb/ eth by/ from eth 通过/由某事认出某人/某物
recognition sb/ eth to be/ as……承认/认为某人/某事是……(常用被动语态)20Unit 2 Travelling Around recognize (as eth) 被看重/被公认(为某物)it is recognize that…公认……
He is recognize to be their natural leader.人们都承认他是他们天生的领袖。
The book is now recognize as a classic.这本书现在是一部公认的经典著作。
联想词 recognition n.认出;认识;承认;认可
beyond/ out of recognition 无法辨认;面目全非
other than
除……以外
教材原句P26 Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。
You can't get there other than on foot.你只能步行去那里。
There is no way out other than the fire escape.除了太平梯外没有别的出路。
联想拓展·①rather than 而不是
On the contrary, I think it is he, rather than you,that is to blame.相反,我认为该承担责任的是他，而不是你。
②or rather更确切地说
I see in you the greatest, or rather the only hope for our band.我在你身上看到了最大的，更确切地说是我们乐队唯一的希望。
admire
vt.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕；欣赏
教材原句P27 Stay in a local hotel, visit museums, admire the architecture, enjoy excellence local food... 在当地的旅馆留宿,到博物馆去游览参观，欣赏建筑，品尝当地美食……
常用搭配 admire sb for(doing) eth 钦佩/羡慕某人(做)某事
My desk mate admires me for my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by accomplishment.我的同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。
联想词 ①admiration n.钦佩;羡慕
in admiration 钦佩地
②admirer n.爱慕者;崇拜者
③admiring adj.赞赏的;钦佩的
④admirable adj.值得赞赏的;令人钦佩的
make up
构成；形成；编造；弥补；补上；化妆；和好
教材原句P27 T cheese Inca roads were made pouf two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west.这些印加公路由两条南北走向的公路和许多从东到西穿过山脉的小路组成。
Tom made up an interesting story for the children.
汤姆为孩子们编了一个有趣的故事。
Mary and John quarrel, but made up after awhile.玛丽和约翰吵架了，但不久就和好了。
易混辨析①make up 与 consist of的用法区别make up 意为“构成；形成”，为及物动词短语，用于“部分+make up+整体”句型，常用被动形式，即be made up of/ from。
consist of意为“由······组成”,不用于被动语态,用于“整体+ consist of+部分”句型。
The medical team consisting of 11 members reached the disaster area last night. = The medical team made up of 11 members reached the disaster area last night.昨晚,由11人组成的医疗队抵达灾区。
②make up 与 make up for 的用法区别
make up 表示补回耽误了的时间或工作，或补足、凑齐某事物；make up for 表示用其他方式弥补不良情况或失去之物，也可表示弥补对某人的亏欠。
Because you were ill, you have to make up hexameter you missed.由于你生病了,所以你错过的考试需要补考。21He decided to make up for all the trouble he caused.他决定弥补他造成的所有麻烦。
request
n.(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求
常见用法· at one’ s request = at the request of sb 应某人的要求
make a request 要求;请求
a request for eth要求得到某物
a request+ that 从句 要求……(从句的谓语用should do 形式, should 可省略)
You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.如果你用提问的形式提出请求，听起来会礼貌得多。
vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求
常见用法· request sb to do eth要求某人做某事
request eth from sb 向某人要求某物
request+ that 从句 要求……(从句中的谓语用should do 形式, should 可省略)
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.要求参观者禁止触摸展品。
She requested that no one be told of her decision until the next meeting.她要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。[《牛津高阶》]
view
n.视野；景色；看法；观点；见解；风景
常用搭配 in view 在视线内
come into view 映入眼帘 in one's view 在某人看来
in view of 鉴于;考虑到 point of view 见解;观点
In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.考虑到天气，这项赛事将在室内进行。
vt.观看;把……视为
常用搭配· view sb/ eth as…把某人/某物视为……
The law should be viewed as a way of achieving certain social goals.这项法规应被视为实现某些社会目标的一种途径。
sight
n.景象；视野；视力
教材原句 P30 I' Ave heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can't wait to go.我听说那场景十分壮观，我已经等不及要去了。
联想拓展·含有 sight的其他常用短语
at first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 一看见
catch sight of (突然)看见;发现
lose sight of 看不见;忽略
in sight 看得见;在望;在即
out of sight 在视野外
At first sight, the street is nothing special, but it has become a popular tourist attraction thanks tits frequent appearances in a well-received movie.这条街乍一看不起眼，但由于在一部广受欢迎的电影中频频出现，现在已成了游客青睐的景点。
At the sight of the frightening scene, the little girl let out a scream, with her legs trembling and her palms sweating.看到这可怕的一幕,小女孩发出尖叫，双腿颤抖，手心冒汗。
易混辨析 view, sight, scenery 与 scene 的用法区别
易 混 词 用 法
view 指从某个具体角度观察到的景色、风景。 The house has wonderful views over the valley.从这座房子能够极清晰地俯瞰山谷。
sight 指看见或看得见的事物、景象，尤指壮观、奇特的景象(常用复数)；还可指视力、视域。The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking sights in the world.长城是世界上最令人叹为观止的景点之一。
scenery 指某一个国家或地区整体的自然风景，如高山、森林、溪谷等风景的统称，是不可数名词。The charming scenery of the lake is breathtaking.湖泊那迷人的风景令人惊叹。
scene 指有人或动物活动的风光，也常指(戏剧、电影、小说等的)场景、布景。It was a delightful rural scene.那是赏心悦目的乡村风光。
comment
n.议论;评论
教材原句P31 R devise your draft according to your partner's comments.根据你搭档的评论修改你的草稿。
差距词汇拔尖
1.submit v.呈递;主张
For study abroad program mes: submit a ghostwritten post and 3—5 photos or videos, once every two weeks by the deadline.对于留学项目:截止日期前每两周提交一篇博客文章和3至5张照片或视频。
2.prohibit vt.阻止;禁止
Visitors mustn't take an animal or any other item prohibited by the Expo Bureau into reexport Park.游客不得携带动物或其他任何世博局禁止携带的物品进入世博园。
3.souvenir n.纪念品;纪念物
What do you recommend as a souvenir from countryside 这个国家有什么值得推荐的纪念品吗
常用搭配 make comments on/ about… 就……作出评论
no comment 无可奉告
— Do you have any comments to make about because of the accident 您对这起事故发生的原因有什么评论吗
—— No comment!无可奉告!
vi. & vt.发表意见;评论
常见用法 comment on/ upon... 就……发表评论comment that…评论说……
The police refuse to comment on whether anyone been arrested.警方拒绝对是否已有人被捕一事发表评论。
it is universally acknowledged that…公认……；全世界都知道……
It is universally acknowledged that a happy smile can bridge the gap between two strangers.全世界的人都知道愉快的微笑可以消除两个陌生人之间的隔阂。
4.departure n.离开;出发;违反;(航班、火车等的)出发班次
Not having been told the exact departure time,we missed the last train.由于没有被告知确切的发车时间，我们错过了最后一班火车。
5.reservation n.预约;预订;保留意见
It's difficult for college students to buy a train seat during holidays, so they are advised to make seat reservations.大学生在假期很难买到火车坐票，所以建议他们预订座位。
Part II 句子分类探究长难句分析
It is... that...强调句式
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main状语，被强调部分主系表official language of Peru.
P26
句意正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
知识拓展强调句式的基本结构为：it is/was+被强调部分+ that/ who+句子其他部分。
强调句式中被强调的通常是主语、宾语、状语等。判断强调句的依据为:去掉 it is/ was 和 that/ who之后，如果余下的内容在结构和句意上仍是完整的，则该句为强调句。
特别注意·(1)it不能用其他词代替。
(2)原句时态为现在时态或将来时态，强调句中用it is；原句时态为过去时态，则强调句中用 it was。
(3)当被强调的主语指人时，可以用 who 代替 that。其他情况一律用 that。
(4)该句型不能强调谓语。
It was my maths teacher's praise that shocked my soul and transformed my behaviour.正是我数学老师的表扬触动了我的心灵并改变了我的行为。(强调主语)
高频句式
句式1 “表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构
有时为了平衡句子结构或表示突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构。
链接课文 Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building.尤为让人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。[P26]
经典例句
Seated on the grass are a group of young students.坐在草地上的是一群年轻的学生。
Lying on the floor was a wounded boy.躺在地板上的是一个受伤的男孩。
句式2 主句+so that+结果状语从句
链接课文 Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together another the perfect fit of the stones.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。[P26]
It was only after he had read the papers that Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.直到格罗斯先生读了文件之后，他才意识到他面前的任务极难完成。(强调状语 only after he had read the papers)
2
My dad and I are both looking forward to going主句, going to...为动名词短语作 are looking forward to的宾语to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and I have heard that this museum because引导原因状语从句； that引导宾语从句is known as a“Chinese treasure house”!
P30
句意 我和我爸爸都很期待去陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，而我听说这家博物馆被誉为“华夏珍宝库”！
经典例句
He didn't plan his time well, so that he didn't finish his work on time.他没有好好地规划他的时间，结果没有按时完成工作。
句式3 it+ be+ adj. + that从句
在此结构中 it 为形式主语，that 从句为真正的主语。常用于此结构的形容词有: certain, clear,important, necessary, obvious, likely, possible等。
链接课文 It's amazing that there are more than8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.令人惊奇的是,这里有8，000多座雕像，直到20世纪70年代才在近代社会中为人所知。[P30]
经典例句
It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth chopping on the Internet.显然,我们将会看到网上购物的迅猛发展。24知识拓展· it 作形式主语的其他常见句型
①it+ be+名词(词组)+ that从句
It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film yesterday.你昨天没去看那部电影真遗憾。
②it+动词的被动语态+that从句
常用于该句型的动词有: say, hope, think, suppose,expect, report, know, believe, decide等。
It is said that they have invented a new type compute.据说他们发明了一种新型计算机。
Part III 单元语法归纳
1 现在进行时表示将来
教材原句
①I'm travelling around Europe for two weeknight my aunt and uncle.我要和我的婶婶、叔叔去欧洲旅行两个星期。(现在进行时表示将来)[P28]
②We' re taking the train, leaving the day before October holiday begins.我们将乘火车,在十月假期开始的前一天离开。(现在进行时表示将来)[P30]
③We' re arriving at 9:30 a. m. and will shortsightedness right away... 我们将于上午9:30 到达，并将立即开始观光………(现在进行时表示将来)[P30]
①位移动词的现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来主要用于表示按照计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件，常表示最近或较近的将来，有“意图”“安排”或“打算”之意，给人期待感，多用于位移动词(短语),如 arrive, come, get(to),leave, return, start, travel, take, fly, see off等。
We' re leaving for Shanghai this afternoon.今天下午我们将动身去上海。
非位移动词的现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来还可以用于一些非位移动词,如 do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等,此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
My mother is buying me a bike soon.我妈妈很快要给我买一辆自行车。
I'm meeting Janet later this evening.今晚晚些时候我会与珍妮特见面。
表示将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的含义，多用于否定结构中。
I'm not going there.我不去那儿了。
I'm not waiting for her any longer.我不会再等她了。
2 一般将来时的其他表达方法
will/ shall do 表示单纯的将来,或临时要做某事。will用于各种人称，shall一般用于第一人称。
Which paragraph shall I read first 我先读哪一段呢
I' ll tell him the truth if I see him tomorrow.如果我明天看到他，我就告诉他实情。
be going to 指现在的打算、意图,表示最近的计划和安排。be going to 可以表示计划、安排要做的事，也可表示有迹象表明最近的将来要发生的事。
Also I'm not going to ask you what these swordsman.我也不打算问你们这些单词是什么意思。
be to do 表示按预定计划或安排要发生的事情，还可表示“注定”“可能性”“义务”等。
The meeting is to take place next Monday.会议定于下星期一举行。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
be about to do……意为“刚要做………,正要做……”，表示非常近的将来要做的事。
be about to do 不能和表示将来的时间副词连用。
He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。
一般现在时表示将来
(1)按照规定(如工作计划、各种时刻表)要发生的未来的动作,仅限于 go, come, leave, start,stay, return, begin等动词。25 )The train leaves ten minutes later.火车十分钟后启程。
(2)用于时间状语从句(when, until,…)、条件状语从句(if, unless,…)等,代替 will 表示的一般将来时。
I' ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就写信给你。
6表示将来含义的几种形式的区别
(1) be going to do 和 will/ shall do
两者都可表示意图,有时可互换,但 be going to do着重强调事先考虑或决定的事；wild 表示临时的打算或决定。用于条件句时,be going to do 表将来, will do 表意愿。
If you are going to make a journey, you'd begetter ready for it as soon as possible.如果你打算来一次旅行，你最好尽快做好准备。
When the delayed flight will take off dependence on the weather.延误的航班什么时候起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
(2) be going to do 和 be to do
①两者都可以表示将来的计划，但是 be going dodo 还能表示不受主观控制将要发生的事，而 betook不行。如可以说“It is going to rain.”而不能说“It is to rain.”。
②be going to do 侧重说话人个人的意图或打算,be to do 侧重受别人的指示或安排要做的事。
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。(个人打算)
This naughty boy is to stay here until the class discover.这个淘气的男孩要在这里待到下课。(别人安排)
(3) do/ does, be doing和 be going to dodo/ does 表示根据时间表排定的事; be doing 表示近期个人具体的安排;be going to do 表示意图或打算。
Her plane arrives at 11 am.她的飞机上午11 点到达。
I'm meeting my friend at the airport tomorrow.我明天要在机场接一个朋友。
We are going to have lunch together.我们打算一起吃午饭。
拓展现在进行时的基本用法
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的事情。这种情况下常用 now, right now, at this moment,at present 等作时间状语。
Hurry up! Mark and Carol are expecting us.快点!马克和卡罗尔正在等我们。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但是说话时该动作不一定正在进行。这种情况下常用 these days，this month, this term, this week等作时间状语。
I don't really work here; I am just helping bountiful the new secretary arrives.实际上我不在这儿工作，我只是在帮忙，新秘书来了我就走。
(3)现在进行时还可以用来表示经常性的或反复发生的动作,常和 always, constantly (不断地)等连用，表示厌烦、赞美等情绪。
The shepherd boy is always lying to others about the wolf, so no one trusts him any more.这个牧童总对别人撒关于狼的谎，所以不再有人相信他了。
特别注意·表示思维、情感(hate, like)、存在或所有(be, exist, belong)等的状态动词不用于进行时。不能用于现在进行时的动词有：
分 类 例 词
表示知道或了解等心理活动的动词 believe, doubt, forget, imagine,know, remember, realize, suppose,understand, wish, want
表示“看上去；看起来” appear, seem
表示情感 hate, like, prefer
感官动词 hear, see, smell, taste
表示构成或来源 be, come from, contain, include
表示存在或所有 exist, belong, own