高考语法填空学案(一)非谓语动词专项突破(表格式,含解析)-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

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名称 高考语法填空学案(一)非谓语动词专项突破(表格式,含解析)-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项
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版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2025-02-06 16:17:46

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学案名称 高考语法填空学案(一)非谓语动词专项突破
使用时间 _____年_____月_____日 建议课时 2课时
学习目标 1.掌握非谓语动词(分词、不定式、动名词)的核心形式与功能。 2.能够精准区分分词作定语、状语、补语的语境差异。 3.熟练运用不定式表目的与动名词作主语/宾语的规则。
重难点 重点:分词作定语的主动与被动判断,不定式与动名词的语义冲突。 难点:分词完成式(having done)与被动式(being done/having been done)的语境辨析。
课堂导入 问题引导: 阅读句子并填空: "The students ___ (prepare) for the exam are under great pressure." 提问: 为什么填“preparing”而不是“prepared”或“to prepare”? 分词在此处的语法功能是什么? 目标:通过实例引发思考,引导学生理解非谓语动词的核心逻辑。
自学学案与课堂互动部分学案 备注与笔记
知识点1:分词作定语 定义:分词作定语修饰名词,表示主动或被动状态。 现在分词(doing):表主动或进行。 例:The girl standing (stand) by the window is my sister. (逻辑:女孩主动站在窗边) 过去分词(done):表被动或完成。 例:The book written (write) by Lu Xun is a classic. (逻辑:书被鲁迅写) 常见错误: 误用现在分词表被动(如:The problem discussing → The problem discussed)。 填空练习(学生自主完成): The man ___ (repair) the car is a skilled mechanic. The report ___ (submit) yesterday needs further revision. The children ___ (play) in the park look very happy. 知识点2:分词作状语 定义:分词作状语表示伴随、原因、时间等,逻辑主语需与主句一致。 现在分词:主句主语主动执行动作。 例:Hearing (hear) the news, she jumped for joy. (逻辑:她主动听到消息后跳起来) 过去分词:主句主语被动承受动作。 例:Seen (see) from space, the Earth looks like a blue marble. (逻辑:地球被从太空看) 特殊形式: 分词完成式(having done):强调动作发生在主句之前。 例:Having finished (finish) his homework, he went to bed. 填空练习: 4. ___ (Exhaust) by the long journey, the travelers decided to rest. 5. ___ (Work) hard for months, she finally passed the exam. 6. ___ (Not know) the answer, he kept silent. 知识点3:不定式表目的 定义:不定式(to do)作状语表目的,常译为“为了…”。 结构:主句 + to do(目的)。 例:He studies hard to enter (enter) a top university. 易混淆点: 不定式与动名词的语义差异: stop to do:停下来去做另一件事。 stop doing:停止正在做的事。 填空练习: 7. She bought a map ___ (find) her way in the city. 8. The team held a meeting ___ (discuss) the new plan. 知识点4:动名词作主语/宾语 定义:动名词(doing)可作主语或宾语,常用于固定搭配。 作主语: 例:Swimming (swim) is good for health. 作宾语: 例:I enjoy reading (read) novels. 固定搭配: avoid/mind/finish doing look forward to doing(注意:to为介词) 填空练习: 9. ___ (Learn) a new language requires patience. 10. He admitted ___ (make) a mistake in the report. 【课堂内容回顾】请梳理本节课的疑难知识点,以便巩固训练课时进行训练与巩固 学生15分钟根据学案内容进行预习 教师30分钟讲解并且与学生进行互动
巩固训练学案 备注与笔记
【知识框架搭建】请同学们搭建本节课的知识框架 【巩固训练】 单句语法填空(10题) The project ___ (propose) by the new manager has been approved by the board. ___ (Realize) that he was late, John rushed to the meeting room without breakfast. The ancient temple, ___ (build) over 500 years ago, attracts thousands of visitors annually. The teacher asked the students ___ (not talk) during the exam. ___ (Not receive) any reply, she decided to send a follow-up email. The documentary ___ (film) in the Amazon rainforest reveals the lives of indigenous tribes. To improve his English, he practices ___ (speak) with native speakers every day. ___ (Complete) the task ahead of schedule, the team celebrated with a party. The government plans ___ (invest) more funds in renewable energy research. ___ (Educate) the public about environmental protection is essential for sustainable development. 语篇语法填空(10空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, 1 (call) the “Eurasian trade network,” played a crucial role in connecting the East and the West. Merchants 2 (travel) along this route not only exchanged goods like silk and spices but also shared knowledge and culture. Many cities, 3 (locate) along the road, flourished as trade centers. However, the decline of the Silk Road began in the 15th century, 4 (cause) by the rise of sea trade routes. Today, historians and archaeologists 5 (work) to preserve the remaining sites. Visiting these ancient cities, tourists can still imagine 6 (see) caravans loaded with treasures. To revive its legacy, China launched the “Belt and Road” initiative in 2013, 7 (aim) to enhance global cooperation. “8 (Protect) these cultural heritage sites is our duty,” said a researcher. “If we 9 (neglect) them, future generations 10 (lose) a vital part of human history.” 【检查目标是否达成】 深入理解非谓语动词的复杂用法 ( ) 在单句与语篇中灵活应用 ( ) 强化语法填空实战能力。 ( ) 本节课结束后,教师会下发巩固训练学案的答案,有疑问的同学,可以对照解析进行进一步修改。祝同学们学习顺利! 请同学们完成后进行小组讨论。请有展示任务的同学在黑板上书写你的答案。
答案与解析(教师注意保留此部分)
单句语法填空
proposed
解析:过去分词作定语,表被动(项目被新经理提出)。
Realizing
解析:现在分词作状语,逻辑主语“John”主动意识到迟到。
built
解析:过去分词作定语,表被动(寺庙被建于500年前)。
not to talk
解析:不定式否定形式作宾语补足语,结构“ask sb. (not) to do”。
Not having received
解析:分词完成式作状语,强调“未收到回复”发生在“决定发邮件”之前。
filmed
解析:过去分词作定语,表被动(纪录片在雨林中被拍摄)。
speaking
解析:动名词作宾语,固定搭配“practice doing”。
Having completed
解析:分词完成式作状语,表动作先后(完成任务后庆祝)。
to invest
解析:不定式作宾语,结构“plan to do”。
Educating
解析:动名词作主语,表抽象动作(教育公众是必要的)。
语篇语法填空
called
解析:过去分词作定语,表被动(丝绸之路被称为贸易网络)。
traveling
解析:现在分词作定语,表主动(商人沿着路线旅行)。
located
解析:过去分词作定语,表被动(城市位于道路沿线)。
caused
解析:过去分词作状语,表被动(衰落由海上贸易路线引起)。
are working
解析:现在进行时,描述当前持续动作(历史学家正在努力保护)。
seeing
解析:动名词作宾语,固定搭配“imagine doing”。
aiming
解析:现在分词作状语,表伴随目的(旨在加强合作)。
Protecting
解析:动名词作主语,表抽象动作(保护遗产是责任)。
neglect
解析:条件状语从句中,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时(如果我们忽视)。
will lose
解析:主句为未来结果预测,需用一般将来时(后代将失去历史)。